Academic literature on the topic 'Asexual propagation'
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Journal articles on the topic "Asexual propagation"
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McNair, Mason, Amanda Wilkins, and Dennis Werner. "Wounding and chemical treatment effects on Drosera capensis bud formation on leaf cuttings." Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 41, no. 4 (December 1, 2012): 140–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.55360/cpn414.mm785.
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Drosera capensis L. (Droseraceae) is one of the most commonly grown carnivorous plants prized for its ease of culture and rapid growth. In cultivation, seed is preferred for propagating this species; however, in the case of cultivar propagation, asexual propagation must be used. D. capensis readily propagates from both leaf and root cuttings. Leaf cuttings can be used to asexually propagate D. capensis. Wounding and exogenous hormone applications are commonly used in herbaceous and woody plant asexual propagation to enhance adventitious root and shoot formation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of wounding and exogenous hormone application (auxin and cytokinin) on adventitious shoot formation on leaf cuttings of D. capensis.
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Thomsen, Erik, and Eckart Håkansson. "Sexual versus asexual dispersal in clonal animals: examples from cheilostome bryozoans." Paleobiology 21, no. 4 (1995): 496–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0094837300013506.
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The relative numbers of sexually and asexually recruited colonies and the proportion of brooding zooids were determined in 26 species of cheilostome bryozoans of Late Cretaceous and Early Tertiary ages. Asexual reproduction seems to be much more widespread than previously realized, although its relative importance is related to growth habit. Arborescent species of these fossil assemblages reproduce mainly asexually via fragmentation; encrusting species reproduce sexually via motile larvae. Free-living species use both methods; some reproduce sexually, whereas other species have enhanced the ability to break and reproduce predominantly asexually. Mode of reproduction was stable over a period of 3 m.y. in all species except the vinelike Columnotheca cribrosa. In this species both the proportion of asexual recruits and brooding zooids varied in accord with environmental parameters. In all cases populations dominated by asexual propagation had a significantly lower proportion of brooding zooids than populations dominated by sexual propagation.
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Caldeira, Cecilio F., Arthur V. S. Lopes, Keyvilla C. Aguiar, Aline L. Ferreira, João V. S. Araujo, Vinnícius M. S. Gomes, Daniel B. Zandonadi, et al. "Distinct Reproductive Strategy of Two Endemic Amazonian Quillworts." Diversity 13, no. 8 (July 29, 2021): 348. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d13080348.
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We examined the reproductive strategy of two Amazonian quillworts (Isoëtes cangae and Isoëtes serracarajensis), endemic and threatened species of canga ecosystems. Sexual propagation was examined by in vitro fertilization assays, while asexual propagation was examined by tiller emission. Isoëtes cangae is an outcrossing species that reproduces exclusively by spore germination and is able to propagate by self- and cross-fertilization. Isoëtes serracarajensis reproduces asexually by emitting tillers from the plant corm, despite producing male and female sporangia. These distinct reproductive strategies in the different species may be linked to their contrasting habitats. Isoëtes cangae inhabit a permanent oligotrophic lake with mild environmental changes, while I. serracarajensis are found in temporary ponds facing severe seasonal drought, where asexual propagation may represent an adaptive advantage to the short growth period during access to water. We also observed different relationships between plant growth and reproductive traits between the species, despite their common production of sporophytes with high survival rates. Together, these results are of paramount importance for establishing conservation plans for both species considering the advantages of sexual propagation to maintain the genetic diversity of I. cangae and the diligent management required to do the same with asexually propagated I. serracarajensis.
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Wibowo, Anjar, Claude Becker, Julius Durr, Jonathan Price, Stijn Spaepen, Sally Hilton, Hadi Putra, et al. "Partial maintenance of organ-specific epigenetic marks during plant asexual reproduction leads to heritable phenotypic variation." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 39 (September 10, 2018): E9145—E9152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1805371115.
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Plants differ from animals in their capability to easily regenerate fertile adult individuals from terminally differentiated cells. This unique developmental plasticity is commonly observed in nature, where many species can reproduce asexually through the ectopic initiation of organogenic or embryogenic developmental programs. While organ-specific epigenetic marks are not passed on during sexual reproduction, the fate of epigenetic marks during asexual reproduction and the implications for clonal progeny remain unclear. Here we report that organ-specific epigenetic imprints in Arabidopsis thaliana can be partially maintained during asexual propagation from somatic cells in which a zygotic program is artificially induced. The altered marks are inherited even over multiple rounds of sexual reproduction, becoming fixed in hybrids and resulting in heritable molecular and physiological phenotypes that depend on the identity of the founder tissue. Consequently, clonal plants display distinct interactions with beneficial and pathogenic microorganisms. Our results demonstrate how novel phenotypic variation in plants can be unlocked through altered inheritance of epigenetic marks upon asexual propagation.
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Wasielewski, Jeff, and Carlos F. Balerdi. "Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Propagation." EDIS 2019, no. 6 (November 15, 2019): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/edis-hs1349-2019.
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Propagation is an important technique used by tropical and subtropical fruit growers worldwide, allowing plants to be grown cheaply and efficiently. While sexual propagation (by seed) results in plants that are not genetically the same as the mother plant, asexual propagation (cuttings, division, air-layers, and grafting) creates offspring that are clones of the mother plant. Cloning fruit trees is important because it allows different cultivars to be preserved over time. This new 7-page publication of the UF/IFAS Horticultural Sciences Department explains both sexual and asexual propagation techniques, why they are used, and what type of propagation is best for which species of tropical fruit. Written by Jeff Wasielewski and Carlos Balerdi. https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/hs1349
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Xoconostle-Morán, Brenda Beatriz, Beatriz Xoconostle-Cázares, Brenda Yazmín Vargas-Hernández, Leandro Alberto Núñez-Muñoz, Berenice Calderón-Pérez, and Roberto Ruiz-Medrano. "Long-Distance Movement of Solanum tuberosum Translationally Controlled Tumor Protein (StTCTP) mRNA." Plants 12, no. 15 (August 1, 2023): 2839. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12152839.
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Long-distance signaling molecules in plants, including different RNA species, play a crucial role in the development and environmental responses. Among these mobile signals, the Translationally Controlled Tumor Protein (TCTP) mRNA is one of the most abundant. TCTP regulates cell-cycle progression and programmed cell death and is involved in responses to abiotic and biotic stress as well as plant regeneration, among other functions. Considering that the ability to induce plant regeneration is linked to a possible role of TCTP in vegetative propagation and asexual reproduction, we analyzed TCTP overexpression in a solanaceous plant model that can reproduce asexually by regeneration from stolons and tubers. Therefore, in this study, the effect of transient expression of Solanum tuberosum TCTP (StTCTP) on tuber development and vegetative propagation was described. StTCTP mRNA was shown to be transported long-distance. Additionally, transient overexpression of StTCTP resulted in sprouts with a greater diameter compared to control plants. Furthermore, the early stages of tuberization were induced compared to control plants, in which only mature tubers were observed. These results suggest a role of TCTP in vegetative propagation and asexual reproduction.
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Kürn, Ulrich, Snjezana Rendulic, Stefano Tiozzo, and Robert J. Lauzon. "Asexual Propagation and Regeneration in Colonial Ascidians." Biological Bulletin 221, no. 1 (August 2011): 43–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/bblv221n1p43.
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Matsuo, E., M. Matsuzawa, Y. Sakata, and K. Arisumi. "Asexual propagation of variegated Lilium longiflorum ‘Chotaro’." Scientia Horticulturae 39, no. 4 (July 1989): 349–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-4238(89)90128-3.
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Roberto, Sergio Ruffo, and Ronan Carlos Colombo. "Innovation in Propagation of Fruit, Vegetable and Ornamental Plants." Horticulturae 6, no. 2 (April 9, 2020): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae6020023.
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There are two primary forms of plant propagation: sexual and asexual. In nature, propagation of plants most often involves sexual reproduction, and this form is still used in several species. Over the years, horticulturists have developed asexual propagation methods that use vegetative plant parts. Innovation in plant propagation has supported breeding programs and allowed the production of high-quality nursery plants with the same genetic characteristics of the mother plant, and free of diseases or pests. The purpose of this Special Issue, “Innovation in Propagation of Fruit, Vegetable and Ornamental Plants”, was to present state-of-the-art techniques recently developed by researchers worldwide. The Special Issue has brought together some of the latest research results of new techniques in plant propagation in nine original papers, which deal with a wide range of research activities.
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Cuevas-Cruz, Juan Carlos, Marcos Jiménez-Casas, Jesús Jasso-Mata, Paulino Pérez-Rodríguez, Javier López-Uptón, and Ángel Villegas-Monter. "Asexual propagation of Pinus leiophylla Schiede ex Schltdl. et Cham." Revista Chapingo Serie Ciencias Forestales y del Ambiente XXI, no. 1 (April 2015): 81–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5154/r.rchscfa.2014.08.033.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Asexual propagation"
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Hagen, R. H., and D. A. Palzkill. "Air-layering as a Method of Asexual Propagation of Mesquite." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/216058.
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Three 12-year-old Prosopis chilensis were successfully layered in spring and late summer. The best rooting occurred with 1 cm stems treated with either 5,000 or 15,000 ppm IBA. Air-layers treated with IBA had a higher rooting rate and better root quality than untreated air-layers.
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Ricci, Lorenzo. "A new model to study alternative developments : asexual propagation and regeneration in the basal chordate Botryllus schlosseri." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066683.
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Chez l’ascidie coloniale Botryllus schlosseri, en plus de l’embryogénèse existent deux voies de développement aboutissant à la production de la même structure : l’organisme adulte ou zooide. Ces développements alternatifs ont lieu lors de processus biologiques distincts : le bourgeonnement palléal (BP) et le bourgeonnement vasculaire (BV). Le BP est un processus de multiplication asexuée présentant une ontogénèse stéréotypée. En revanche, le BV est un phénomène régénératif, induit dans les vaisseaux sanguins de la colonie par l’ablation de tous les zooides et bourgeons palléaux. Mes travaux de recherche ont eu pour objectif de caractériser les bases moléculaires et cellulaires régissant le BP et le BV chez B. schlosseri. L’étude de gènes marqueurs des lignées méso-, endo- et ectodermiques a révélé l’existence de territoires présomptifs pour chacune de ces lignées, dès les premiers stades du BV et du BP, et suggéré l’existence d’un programme unique aux deux processus. Les lignées neurales et musculaires ont été étudiées plus en détail lors du BP, indiquant un double rôle potentiel, neuro- et myo-génétique, au tube dorsal, une structure jusqu’à présent uniquement associée au système nerveux. Une caractérisation morphologique poussée a mené à l’identification de stades précoces stéréotypés du BV lors de la régénération. Enfin, l’analyse de transcriptomes de différents stades du BP et de la régénération ont initié l’étude non biaisée des bases moléculaires du bourgeonnement chez Botryllus. L’objectif à long terme de ces travaux est de décrypter les bases moléculaires et génétiques facilitant, chez les métazoaires, l’évolution de voies de développement alternativesIn addition to embryogenesis, the colonial ascidians Botryllus schlosseri evolved two alternative developmental pathways leading to the same final structure: the adult body, or zooid. These non-embryonic ontogenesis occur during distinct biological processes: palleal budding (PB) and vascular budding (VB). PB is a process of asexual propagation, with a very stereotyped morphogenesis. Conversely, VB is a purely regenerative phenomenon, induced in the vascular system of the colony by the ablation of all zooids and palleal buds. My research work followed the objective to characterize the molecular and cellular basis of both PB and VB in B. schlosseri. The study of meso-, endo- and ectodermal lineage marker genes revealed the existence of presumptive territories of these lineages in the early palleal and vascular buds and that a single developmental program was launched in both VB and PB. Neural and muscle fates were studied in more detail for PB, indicating a potential double function, both neuro- and myo-genic for the dorsal tube, a structure so far associated with the nervous system only. A detailed morphological description of VB allowed to identify stereotyped stages during early regeneration. Eventually, a transcriptomic characterization of early VB and PB processes initiated an unbiased study of the molecular basis underlying the budding phenomenon in Botryllus. The overall goal of these research works is to unravel the molecular and genetic basis that facilitated, in Botryllus and globally in metazoan, the evolution of alternative developmental pathways
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Ricci, Lorenzo. "A new model to study alternative developments : asexual propagation and regeneration in the basal chordate Botryllus schlosseri." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066683.
Full textAbstract:
Chez l’ascidie coloniale Botryllus schlosseri, en plus de l’embryogénèse existent deux voies de développement aboutissant à la production de la même structure : l’organisme adulte ou zooide. Ces développements alternatifs ont lieu lors de processus biologiques distincts : le bourgeonnement palléal (BP) et le bourgeonnement vasculaire (BV). Le BP est un processus de multiplication asexuée présentant une ontogénèse stéréotypée. En revanche, le BV est un phénomène régénératif, induit dans les vaisseaux sanguins de la colonie par l’ablation de tous les zooides et bourgeons palléaux. Mes travaux de recherche ont eu pour objectif de caractériser les bases moléculaires et cellulaires régissant le BP et le BV chez B. schlosseri. L’étude de gènes marqueurs des lignées méso-, endo- et ectodermiques a révélé l’existence de territoires présomptifs pour chacune de ces lignées, dès les premiers stades du BV et du BP, et suggéré l’existence d’un programme unique aux deux processus. Les lignées neurales et musculaires ont été étudiées plus en détail lors du BP, indiquant un double rôle potentiel, neuro- et myo-génétique, au tube dorsal, une structure jusqu’à présent uniquement associée au système nerveux. Une caractérisation morphologique poussée a mené à l’identification de stades précoces stéréotypés du BV lors de la régénération. Enfin, l’analyse de transcriptomes de différents stades du BP et de la régénération ont initié l’étude non biaisée des bases moléculaires du bourgeonnement chez Botryllus. L’objectif à long terme de ces travaux est de décrypter les bases moléculaires et génétiques facilitant, chez les métazoaires, l’évolution de voies de développement alternativesIn addition to embryogenesis, the colonial ascidians Botryllus schlosseri evolved two alternative developmental pathways leading to the same final structure: the adult body, or zooid. These non-embryonic ontogenesis occur during distinct biological processes: palleal budding (PB) and vascular budding (VB). PB is a process of asexual propagation, with a very stereotyped morphogenesis. Conversely, VB is a purely regenerative phenomenon, induced in the vascular system of the colony by the ablation of all zooids and palleal buds. My research work followed the objective to characterize the molecular and cellular basis of both PB and VB in B. schlosseri. The study of meso-, endo- and ectodermal lineage marker genes revealed the existence of presumptive territories of these lineages in the early palleal and vascular buds and that a single developmental program was launched in both VB and PB. Neural and muscle fates were studied in more detail for PB, indicating a potential double function, both neuro- and myo-genic for the dorsal tube, a structure so far associated with the nervous system only. A detailed morphological description of VB allowed to identify stereotyped stages during early regeneration. Eventually, a transcriptomic characterization of early VB and PB processes initiated an unbiased study of the molecular basis underlying the budding phenomenon in Botryllus. The overall goal of these research works is to unravel the molecular and genetic basis that facilitated, in Botryllus and globally in metazoan, the evolution of alternative developmental pathways
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Morales, Rivera Brenda Michelle. "Sexual and asexual propagation of red elm (Ulmus rubra), grey alder (Alnus incana), and buffaloberry (Shepherdia canadensis)." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/13737.
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Master of ScienceDepartment of Horticulture, Forestry, and Recreation Resources
Charles Barden
Cheryl Boyer
Red elm (Ulmus rubra), grey alder (Alnus incana and A. incana spp. tenuifolia) and buffaloberry (Shepherdia canadensis) are considered important plants for many Native American tribes in the United States. Native Americans have used these three species for a variety of medicinal uses and ceremonial purposes. Currently, Kansas tribal leaders would like to plant more of these species on tribal land, but the plants have been difficult to propagate. While red elm is valued as a ceremonial tree, it is susceptible to Dutch Elm Disease caused by the fungus (Ophiostoma ulmi) and is not grown in many ornamental nurseries. This has led to declining tree populations. The objective of these studies were to evaluate methods to propagate red elm, grey alder and buffaloberry in order to find techniques that can lead to an increase in the production of these species commercially and enable tribes and landowners to increase the presence of these native plants on their lands. In the first study, the use of gibberellic acid (GA3) was investigated to determine the optimum concentration needed for maximum seed germination. Studies were conducted with stratified (cold, moist storage) and non-stratified red elm, grey alder, and buffaloberry seeds soaked in one of four treatments: 0, 250, 500 or 1000 ppm of GA3 in 2010, and 0, 500, 1000, 2000 ppm of GA3 in 2011. Results indicate the use of GA3 in high concentrations promoted germination of unstratified seeds of red elm, though low seed viability in grey alder and buffaloberry resulted in poor germination. In a second study, vegetative cuttings were treated with potassium indole-3-butyric acid (K-IBA) and Dip ‘N GrowTM containing indole-3-butyric acid and naphthalene acetic acid (IBA + NAA). Softwood cuttings for the three species were treated with K-IBA and Dip ‘N GrowTM (plant rooting hormones): K-IBA at 5,000 and 10,000 ppm and Dip ‘N GrowTM at 1:10 ratio solutions. Results of this study showed that only grey alder softwood cuttings had callus formation, root growth, and shoot growth while red elm and buffaloberry did not respond to cutting propagation treatments.
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Crabtree, Sheri Beth. "SEXUAL AND ASEXUAL REPRODUCTIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE NORTH AMERICAN PAWPAW [ASIMINA TRILOBA (L.) DUNAL]." Lexington, Ky. : [University of Kentucky Libraries], 2004. http://lib.uky.edu/ETD/ukypssc2004t00208/etd.pdf.
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Thesis (m.s.)--University of Kentucky, 2004.Title from document title page (viewed Jan. 7, 2005). Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 80p. : ill. Includes abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 74-79).
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Daniel, Kyle. "Asexual Propagation of Four Cultivars of Vaccinium Corymbosum and Weed Management in an Established Orchard of Vaccinium Corymbosum 'Bluejay' (Highbush Blueberry) in South Central Kentucky." TopSCHOLAR®, 2006. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/456.
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In response to the changing economy of Kentucky tobacco, producers are seeking an economically viable alternative that can be produced on a similarly small acreage. Blueberries are an emerging crop that satisfy the needs of these producers and are popular with consumers for their flavor and health benefits. In addition to selling the berries, local producers are experiencing much success selling blueberry plants to homeowners and other producers. However, the protocol for propagating specific cultivars under local environmental conditions is unknown. Rooting percentages for producers has been extremely variable. A two year study conducted at Western Kentucky University investigated asexual propagation of four commercially significant cultivars of Vaccinium corymbosum, highbush blueberry, 'Jersey', 'Elliot', 'Bluecrop', and 'Bluejay'. The study was a randomized complete block design with four replications. Cuttings were taken from a producer's field in Metcalfe County and planted in a bed of pure peat under a mist system at the Western Kentucky University Agricultural Research and Education Center. Propagation techniques were designed to closely mimic the systems used by producers. The effect of cutting phenology, rooting hormone, and cutting location along the stem was investigated as they affected rooting percentage, and dry matter mass of leaves, shoots, and roots. Hormones had no effect on rooting or growth of first year cuttings. The greatest rooting percentages and dry mass gain was found in descending order, 'Jersey', 'Elliot', 'Bluecrop', and 'Bluejay'. There was a correlation between location of the cutting and time of the year the cutting was acquired. Basal cuttings performed well early in the season, while apical cuttings performed well later in the season. The effects of four weed management schemes were investigated on berry yield components and new growth in an established orchard of 'Bluecrop' blueberries in Metcalfe County, Kentucky. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with four replications. Plots consisted of six established plants but data was collected on the innermost four. Treatments were weed-free strips 0.609 or 1.828 meters wide within the row, mowing, and an untreated control. Weed-free strips were maintained as necessary with directed sprays of labeled rates of glyphosate, a phloem-mobile, nonselective herbicide. Highly significant differences in new growth were noted during both years from the herbicide-treated plots compared with the non-treated plots. In 2005, highly significant differences were noted within total berry weight and berry weight per plant from the herbicide-treated plots compared with the non-treated plots. In 2006, highly significant differences were noted within total berry numbers, number of clusters per plant, and mean berries per cluster from the herbicide-treated plots compared with the non-treated plots.
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Cavichioli, Jose Carlos [UNESP]. "Enxertia hipocotiledonar e convencional de maracujazeiro-amarelo sobre três porta-enxertos." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/106210.
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cavichioli_jc_dr_ilha.pdf: 512413 bytes, checksum: cd81d5957ea863badb365f4bca783ea8 (MD5)A cultura do maracujazeiro-amarelo (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa Deg.) tem sofrido com várias doenças, o que tem comprometido severamente a produção, determinando a migração da cultura. Dentre as doenças, a morte prematura de plantas tem se destacado, causando prejuízos nas lavouras do Estado de São Paulo. Essa doença tem sido associada a fungos do solo, como Fusarium oxysporum f. passiflorae, Fusarium solani, Phytophthora sp. e também a bactéria, como Xanthomonas axonopodis f. passiflorae. As medidas de controle da morte prematura são preventivas, e, uma vez afetada pelos patógenos, a planta morrerá, pois não há controle curativo. A aplicação de defensivos químicos não tem sido eficiente na solução do problema da morte prematura de plantas. A enxertia do maracujazeiro-amarelo em portaenxerto resistente é uma técnica promissora para o controle desta doença. Esse trabalho teve como objetivo verificar o desempenho de plantas de maracujazeiro-amarelo (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa) enxertadas em três diferentes espécies de maracujazeiro, em dois sistemas de enxertia, em área com e sem histórico de morte prematura. Foram conduzidos três experimentos, sendo dois em viveiro e um no campo, no município de Adamantina, SP, na região da Nova Alta Paulista, no período de dezembro de 2005 a julho de 2007. Pelos resultados verificou-se que os dois métodos de enxertia utilizados foram bem sucedidos para as três espécies de maracujazeiros estudadas. A utilização de P. giberti e P. alata como portaenxerto para P. edulis Sims f. flavicarpa são medidas promissoras para o controle da morte prematura de plantas. Plantas enxertadas sobre P. giberti apresentaram menor vigor a partir dos 180 dias, menor porte vegetativo, frutos com menor diâmetro e peso e menor produtividade.
The yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Deg.) has been suffering with many diseases, what have been severely compromising the crop yield, determining the migration of the culture. Amongst the diseases, the premature death of plants has detached, causing crop losses the State of São Paulo. This disease has been associated with soil fungi, as Fusarium oxysporum f. passiflorae, Fusarium solani, Phytophthora sp, and also bacteria, as Xanthomonas axonopodis f. passiflorae. Measures to control premature death of plants are preventive, and, once affected by pathogens, the plant will die because there is no curative control. The application of chemical defensives has not been effective to solve the plants premature deaths. The grafting of yellow passion fruit in resistant rootstock is a promising technique for this disease control. This work aimed to evaluate the performance of yellow passion fruit grafted on three rootstocks, in two systems of grafting, cultivated in sites with or without disease history. Three experiments were carried out, two in nursery and one in the field, in Adamantina, SP, from December 2005 to July 2006. It was concluded that the two methods of grafting utilized were successful for the three species of Passiflora. The use of P. giberti and P. alata as rootstocks for P. edulis f. flavicarpa are promising measures for the control of premature death of plants. Plants grafting on P. giberti presented lower vigor form the 180 days, lower vegetative growth, fruits with lower diameter and weight and lower yield.
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Cavichioli, Jose Carlos. "Enxertia hipocotiledonar e convencional de maracujazeiro-amarelo sobre três porta-enxertos /." Ilha Solteira : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/106210.
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Orientador: Luiz de Souza CorrêaBanca: Aparecida Conceição Boliani
Banca: Shizuo Seno
Banca: João Carlos de Oliveira
Banca: Aloísio Costa Sampaio
Resumo: A cultura do maracujazeiro-amarelo (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa Deg.) tem sofrido com várias doenças, o que tem comprometido severamente a produção, determinando a migração da cultura. Dentre as doenças, a morte prematura de plantas tem se destacado, causando prejuízos nas lavouras do Estado de São Paulo. Essa doença tem sido associada a fungos do solo, como Fusarium oxysporum f. passiflorae, Fusarium solani, Phytophthora sp. e também a bactéria, como Xanthomonas axonopodis f. passiflorae. As medidas de controle da morte prematura são preventivas, e, uma vez afetada pelos patógenos, a planta morrerá, pois não há controle curativo. A aplicação de defensivos químicos não tem sido eficiente na solução do problema da morte prematura de plantas. A enxertia do maracujazeiro-amarelo em portaenxerto resistente é uma técnica promissora para o controle desta doença. Esse trabalho teve como objetivo verificar o desempenho de plantas de maracujazeiro-amarelo (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa) enxertadas em três diferentes espécies de maracujazeiro, em dois sistemas de enxertia, em área com e sem histórico de morte prematura. Foram conduzidos três experimentos, sendo dois em viveiro e um no campo, no município de Adamantina, SP, na região da Nova Alta Paulista, no período de dezembro de 2005 a julho de 2007. Pelos resultados verificou-se que os dois métodos de enxertia utilizados foram bem sucedidos para as três espécies de maracujazeiros estudadas. A utilização de P. giberti e P. alata como portaenxerto para P. edulis Sims f. flavicarpa são medidas promissoras para o controle da morte prematura de plantas. Plantas enxertadas sobre P. giberti apresentaram menor vigor a partir dos 180 dias, menor porte vegetativo, frutos com menor diâmetro e peso e menor produtividade.
Abstract: The yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Deg.) has been suffering with many diseases, what have been severely compromising the crop yield, determining the migration of the culture. Amongst the diseases, the premature death of plants has detached, causing crop losses the State of São Paulo. This disease has been associated with soil fungi, as Fusarium oxysporum f. passiflorae, Fusarium solani, Phytophthora sp, and also bacteria, as Xanthomonas axonopodis f. passiflorae. Measures to control premature death of plants are preventive, and, once affected by pathogens, the plant will die because there is no curative control. The application of chemical defensives has not been effective to solve the plants premature deaths. The grafting of yellow passion fruit in resistant rootstock is a promising technique for this disease control. This work aimed to evaluate the performance of yellow passion fruit grafted on three rootstocks, in two systems of grafting, cultivated in sites with or without disease history. Three experiments were carried out, two in nursery and one in the field, in Adamantina, SP, from December 2005 to July 2006. It was concluded that the two methods of grafting utilized were successful for the three species of Passiflora. The use of P. giberti and P. alata as rootstocks for P. edulis f. flavicarpa are promising measures for the control of premature death of plants. Plants grafting on P. giberti presented lower vigor form the 180 days, lower vegetative growth, fruits with lower diameter and weight and lower yield.
Doutor
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Perrin, Adrien. "Transmission des marques épigénétiques lors de la multiplication sexuée et de la propagation asexuée chez le pommier (Malus domestica)." Thesis, Angers, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020ANGE0010.
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Par son mode de propagation clonale(greffage), le pommier est un modèle intéressant pour les études épigénétiques. On observe en effet, une variabilité phénotypique au sein d’une même variété,suggérant une contribution de mécanismes épigénétiques. Au début de cette thèse les mécanismes de transmission de marqueurs épigénétiques, tel que la méthylation de l’ADN,étaient encore peu étudié chez les plantes pérennes.Pour mieux comprendre comment les marques épigénétiques sont transmises et contribuent à des traits phénotypiques, nous avons défini deux axes de recherche principaux: (i) En utilisant la technologieCRISPR-Cas9 nous avons créé des lignées de pommier afin d’obtenir une diminution systématique de la méthylation de l’ADN. (ii) Afin d'évaluer la transmission des marques épigénétiques lors de la reproduction sexuée et asexuée, nous avons comparé les épigénomes d’arbres adultes, de greffons et de semis obtenus par autofécondation sur une lignée modèle double-haploïde. Les analyses à l’échelle de génomes complets ont montré une absence de modification globale au niveau de la méthylation de l’ADN entre un arbre adulte, un greffon et un semis de pommier.Cependant nous avons détecté des régions spécifiques présentant une différence de méthylation de l’ADN (DMRs). Fait intéressant, nous avons détecté plus de DMRs entre le semis et le greffon ou l'arbre qu’entre l'arbre et le greffon, ce qui suggère que l'arbre et le greffon sont plus proche au niveau épigénétique. Nos résultats de phénotypage,d’analyses transcriptomique et de méthylome confirment la différence entre arbre adulte et semis.Mais également que les greffons sont à l’interface entre juvénilité et maturitéThanks to its clonal propagation (grafting), apple tree is an interesting model for epigenetic studies. Indeed, phenotypic variability can be observed within the same variety, suggesting a potential contribution of epigenetic mechanisms. At the beginning of this thesis, the mechanisms of transmission of epigenetic marks, such as DNA methylation, were still little studied in perennial plants.To better understand how epigenetic marks are transmitted and contribute to phenotypic traits, we have defined two main axes of research: (i) UsingCRISPR-Cas9 technology we have created apple mutant lines in order to obtain a systematic decrease in DNA methylation. (ii) In order to assess the transmission of epigenetic marks during sexual and asexual reproduction, we compared the epigenomes of adult trees, grafts and seedlings obtained by self-fertilization on a model doubled-haploid line. Analyses at the whole epigenome level indicated that there is no overall change in DNA methylation between an adult tree, a grafted tree and an apple seedling. However, we were able to detect specific regions that are differentially methylated (DMRs). Interestingly, more DMRs were detected between seedlings and grafted tree or adult tree than between the tree and grafted tree, suggesting that the tree and grafted tree are closer epigenetically. Our phenotypic, transcriptomic and methylome analysis results confirm the difference between adult trees and seedlings. They also confirm that grafted tree is at the interface between juvenility and maturity
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Guimarães, Ricardo Neves. "Propagação vegetativa do pequizeiro (Caryocar brasiliense Camb.) por estaquia." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/6962.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
Cerrado fruit arouse the growing economic interest in different market niches. Among these the Caryocar brasiliense Camb. It stands out due to its economic and social importance. The growing demand pequi fruit for the gastronomic and agroindustrial use indicates the need for studies to produce seedlings for reforestation of degraded areas, reforestation and possible cash crops, meeting the growing demand for seafood pequizeiro. The objective of this study was the development of an initial protocol for the vegetative propagation of pequizeiro through cuttings. For this four experiments were conducted to evaluate different factors which influence the rooting of pequizeiro as leafiness levels, age of the plant, pruning, cutting types and substrates. Through the studies it was found that young plant cuttings have greater potential for cutting with respect to adult trees. The leaves are key to cutting pequi because stakes with six leaflets showed 22.5% while rooting cuttings without leaves not taken root. Regarding the type of stake herbaceous cuttings showed higher callus induction and formation of root primordia in relation to softwood cuttings. But several factors influence the rooting of pequizeiro, further studies should be performed to define a protocol for cutting the pequizeiro. Por Through this study it was found that the pequizeiro introduced himself as a native species of the Cerrado with potential for cutting.
As frutíferas do Cerrado despertam interesse econômico crescente em diferentes nichos de mercado. Entre essas o pequizeiro (Caryocar brasiliense Camb.) se destaca em decorrência de sua importância econômica e social. A demanda crescente dos frutos de pequi para o uso gastronômico e agroindustrial aponta a necessidade de estudos para produção de mudas para revegetação de áreas degradadas, reflorestamentos e possíveis cultivos comerciais, atendendo a crescente demanda pelos frutos do pequizeiro. Objetivou-se com este estudo o desenvolvimento de um protocolo inicial para propagação vegetativa do pequizeiro via estaquia. Para isto foram realizados quatro ensaios avaliando diferentes fatores que influenciam no enraizamento do pequizeiro, como níveis de enfolhamento, idade da planta, podas, tipos de estacas e substratos. Por meio dos estudos verificou-se que estacas de plantas jovens possuem maior potencial para estaquia em relação às árvores adulta. As folhas são fundamentais para estaquia do pequi, pois estacas com seis folíolos apresentaram 22,5% de enraizamento enquanto estacas sem folhas não enraizaram. Quanto ao tipo das estacas herbáceas proporcionaram maior calogênese e formação de primórdios radiculares em relação a estacas semilenhosas. Porém vários fatores influenciam no enraizamento do pequizeiro, novos estudos devem ser realizados para definição de um protocolo para estaquia do pequizeiro. Por meio deste estudo verificou-se que o pequizeiro apresentou-se como uma espécie nativa do Cerrado com potencial para estaquia.
Books on the topic "Asexual propagation"
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K. G. Adiyodi (Series Editor) and Rita G. Adiyodi (Series Editor), eds. Reproductive Biology of Invertebrates, Vol. 6, Pt. B, Asexual Propagation and Reproductive Strategies. Wiley, 1994.
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Reproductive Biology of Invertebrates, Vol. 6, Pt. A, Asexual Propagation and Reproductive Strategies. John Wiley & Sons, 1993.
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Taiz, Lincoln, and Lee Taiz. Sex and the Single Cryptogam. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190490263.003.0017.
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As Chapter 17 makes clear, the asexualist/sexualists controversy continued even as Johann Hedwig and Karl von Nägel demonstrated the existence of sex in cryptogams by discovering the Alternation of Generations (1782, 1784), hybridizers A. F. Wiegman and Carl Friedrich von Gaertner recieved prestigious prizes for their work, and Giovanni Battista Amici and Adolphe-Theodore Brongniart discovered—and confirmed—the pollen tube. Unconvinced, Matthias Jacob Schleiden, co-founder of the cell theory, insisted that ferns grow asexually from spores, and that spores, not seeds, are the primary units of propagation in seed plants also. He argued (1853) that the entire life-cycle of seed plants is based on duplicative cell divisions that produce seeds entirely by vegetative processes. Following the Aristotelian doctrine that the female parent provides the material substance of the embryo, he concluded pollen must be a female structure that reproduces vegetatively—thus making the case for a unisexual, plants-as-female model.
Book chapters on the topic "Asexual propagation"
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Moses, Meena S., and June E. Sullivan. "Asexual Propagation of Coffee Through Shoot-Tip Culture." In Tissue Culture in Forestry and Agriculture, 335. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0378-5_45.
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Greyson, R. I., and D. B. Walden. "Axillary Bud in vitro Culture: Asexual Propagation of Maize." In The Maize Handbook, 725–26. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2694-9_133.
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Orton, Thomas J. "Breeding Methods for Outcrossing Plant Species: III. Asexual Propagation." In Horticultural Plant Breeding, 309–26. Elsevier, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-815396-3.00017-2.
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Scott, Jon, Gus Cameron, Anne Goodenough, Dawn Hawkins, Jenny Koenig, Martin Luck, Despo Papachristodoulou, Alison Snape, Kay Yeoman, and Mark Goodwin. "Cell Division in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes." In Biological Science. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hesc/9780198783688.003.0037.
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This chapter discusses cell division in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Life on Earth depends on cell division and the transfer of genetic information which triggers the propagation and evolution of species. Unlike the reproduction of eukaryotes, prokaryotes adopt asexual reproduction strategies such as binary fission, budding, or fragmentation. The chapter provides an overview of the process of mitosis wherein one single cell divides to produce two genetically identical daughter cells. Meiosis is a special form of cell division that occurs during the formation of gametes. The chapter explains the process of meiosis involving the production of haploid gametes for sexual reproduction of eukaryotic organisms.
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Scott, Jon, Gus Cameron, Anne Goodenough, Dawn Hawkins, Jenny Koenig, Martin Luck, Despo Papachristodoulou, Alison Snape, Kay Yeoman, and Mark Goodwin. "Cell Division in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes." In Biological Science. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hesc/9780198783695.003.0028.
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This chapter discusses cell division in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Life on Earth depends on cell division and the transfer of genetic information which triggers the propagation and evolution of species. Unlike the reproduction of eukaryotes, prokaryotes adopt asexual reproduction strategies such as binary fission, budding, or fragmentation. The chapter provides an overview of the process of mitosis wherein one single cell divides to produce two genetically identical daughter cells. Meiosis is a special form of cell division that occurs during the formation of gametes. The chapter explains the process of meiosis involving the production of haploid gametes for sexual reproduction of eukaryotic organisms.
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Villegas-Monter, Angel, Elisa Del Carmen Matínez-Ochoa, María Andrade-Rodriguez, and Itzel Villegas-Velázquez. "Citrus Polyembryony." In Advances in Citrus Production and Research [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.105994.
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Polyembryony is a type of sporophytic apomixis common in citrus species. Previous studies discovered that embryo traits relate to their sexual or asexual origin. Smaller embryos at the micropyle end are considered zygotic embryos, whereas larger embryos are nucellar. Early embryogenesis in the ovule of apomictic citrus promotes the development of nucellar embryos. The chalaza region inhibits the early development of the zygotic and nucellar embryos; thus, both embryos must grow at the micropyle end. Numerous researchers agree that highly polyembryonic cultivars produce nucellar seedlings more often as the zygotic embryos cannot survive field conditions. Thus, the selection of polyembryonic genotypes facilitates clonal propagation. This chapter analyzes the factors that affect polyembryony in citrus.
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Godeaux, J., Q. Bone, and J. C. Braconnot. "Anatomy of Thaliacea." In The Biology of Pelagic Tunicates, 1–24. Oxford University PressOxford, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198540243.003.0001.
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Abstract The three thaliacean groups, pyrosomas, salps and doliolids, differ from each other not only in their anatomy, but also in their locomotion, buoyancy, sensory systems and embryonic development. They share, however, metagenetic life-cycles involving alternation of generations (although one generation is only transient in pyrosomas) and essentially similar stolonic budding. Traditionally grouped together, a grouping retained here for convenience, it now seems probable that the Thaliacea are polyphyletic, and thus that their grouping together is artificial (Chapter 16).Pyrosomas are colonial animals, primarily warmwater forms, rather common in tropical and warm temperate waters except in the Red Sea. They are mainly caught in the epipelagic and upper mesopelagic layers, although specimens have occasionally been observed at greater depths (Tregouboff, 1956). In contrast to the other pelagic Tunicates, pyrosomas consist of permanent tubular hollow colonies; the blastozooids resulting from asexual propagation are essentially independent but remain embedded side by side in a common tunic or test, as in the aplousobranchiate Ascidians. These blastozooids are hermaphrodite and blastogenic and are responsible for the propagation of the species and the growth of the colony, whilst the oozooid is only a shortlived transient and blastogenic stage.
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Kültz, Dietmar. "Aquaculture of sponges and cnidarians." In A Primer of Ecological Aquaculture, 106–20. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198850229.003.0009.
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Abstract Porifera (sponges) and Cnidaria (corals and jellyfish) are produced in mariculture as seafood (jellyfish) and for other purposes. Sponges are the most primitive multicellular animals consisting of only a handful of cell types. They often harbour microbial symbionts (bacteria and microalgae). Sponges reproduce sexually and asexually. One mechanism of asexual reproduction (fragmentation) is commonly used for sponge propagation in aquaculture. Bath sponges are farmed in extensive mariculture to obtain their spongin skeleton. Sponges are also farmed in intensive and extensive aquaculture systems to extract a very wide variety of exotic bioactive metabolites that are used to improve human health. Sponge aquaculture is highly ecologically sustainable as sponges are filter feeders (extractive species) and their symbionts contribute to organic waste recycling. It can be further improved by reconditioning wastewater generated from cleaning bath sponge skeletons. Cnidarians are more complex animals than sponges and include jellyfish, corals, and anemones. Jellyfish aquaculture provides seafood by hatchery production of juvenile stages, which are used to restock and supplement natural jellyfish populations that are harvested by capture fishery. Both extensive and intensive aquaculture of ornamental corals and anemones has increased since the turn of the millennium and utilizes transplantation of fragments from donors to initiate cultures. Even though hatchery production of sexually generated larvae would be in many ways preferable, more research is needed for commercial feasibility. Aquaculture of sponges and cnidarians contributes to the conservation of coral reefs and other endangered habitats.
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"Adventitious Bud Techniques and Other in Vivo or in Vitro Methods of Asexual Propagation of Relevance to Mutation Breeding." In Developments in Crop Science, 45–59. Elsevier, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-42786-1.50012-x.
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Bradford, Kent J., and Maarten J. Chrispeels. "Plant Propagationby Seeds and Vegetative Processes." In Plants, Genes & Agriculture. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hesc/9781605356846.003.0010.
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This chapter describes plant propagation by seeds and vegetative processes. Plants propagate both sexually and asexually (vegetatively) and people exploit both types for plant propagation. The chapter looks at seed germination, seedling establishment, and seed treatments. Seedling establishment in the field is an important agronomic variable for crop-production; sowing healthy seeds at the right time ensures a good stand of the crop. To improve seed germination and crop growth, seeds are coated with chemicals to prevent diseases. The chapter then considers the role of seed banks in preserving the genetic diversity of crops, before studying micropropagation, grafting, and apomixis. Understanding the genetic control of apomixis could result in significant breakthroughs in crop improvement.
Conference papers on the topic "Asexual propagation"
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Ahmadian, Sajad, and Ali Reza Khanteymoori. "Training back propagation neural networks using asexual reproduction optimization." In 2015 7th Conference on Information and Knowledge Technology (IKT). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ikt.2015.7288738.
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Tongnunui, Prasert, Prasert Tongnunui, Woraporn Tarangkoon, Woraporn Tarangkoon, Parichat Hukiew, Parichat Hukiew, Patcharee Kaeoprakan, et al. "SEAGRASS RESTORATION: AN UPDATE FROM TRANG PROVINCE, SOUTHWESTERN THAILAND." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31519/conferencearticle_5b1b9447ad58f1.23030316.
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Natural disasters may adversely affect coastal resources potentially leading to coastal habitat restorations that incorporate stakeholders and the general public. Appropriate methodologies for habitat restoration are developed to ensure the outcomes of this project. Currently, seagrass bed restoration by means of asexual and sexual propagation techniques have been used worldwide. However, the experience of seagrass (Enhalus acoroides) habitat restoration in Trang Province noted that to accomplish this project’s strategies involved the application of restoration techniques along with public and stakeholder participation. The application of asexual propagation, specifically the collection of single shoots from donor seagrasses and subsequent transplantation, is a convenient tool. However, from this project results, this process still has conceptual problems as from the large numbers of single shoots collected from donor seagrasses, the survival rate was relatively low. Furthermore, this process was complicated by conflicting interests between local communities near to the donor site and the project’s organizers. In order to reduce said conflicts, other techniques to balance stakeholder interests were instigated by this project, namely the development of both asexual and sexual propagation techniques. This project initiated a sexual propagation technique by the collection of wild seeds of Enhalus acoroides that were subsequently grown in the laboratory before natural habitat transplantation. This project results showed that seeds can be grown rapidly and can be cultured in large numbers. However, this development technique has a limit on rearing time because seedlings were found to be in decline after the third month of the experiment. These problems were compounded by a limiting factor that pushed the project’s organizers to decide to transplant seagrasses from the laboratory to the wild whether a time was seasonally suitable or unsuitable, the planting activity still done forward. This matter may have enhanced the low survival rate situation after seagrass transplantation to the wild. If there is a need to recover a seagrass bed, the above culture and transplantation methodologies should be used in conjunction with repeated periodic plantings until natural ecological function has been restored. In conclusion, further research should be instigated to improve the cultivation method for producing ready to plant seedlings and to improve methods of project operation.
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Tongnunui, Prasert, Prasert Tongnunui, Woraporn Tarangkoon, Woraporn Tarangkoon, Parichat Hukiew, Parichat Hukiew, Patcharee Kaeoprakan, et al. "SEAGRASS RESTORATION: AN UPDATE FROM TRANG PROVINCE, SOUTHWESTERN THAILAND." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21610/conferencearticle_58b431687e149.
Full textAbstract:
Natural disasters may adversely affect coastal resources potentially leading to coastal habitat restorations that incorporate stakeholders and the general public. Appropriate methodologies for habitat restoration are developed to ensure the outcomes of this project. Currently, seagrass bed restoration by means of asexual and sexual propagation techniques have been used worldwide. However, the experience of seagrass (Enhalus acoroides) habitat restoration in Trang Province noted that to accomplish this project’s strategies involved the application of restoration techniques along with public and stakeholder participation. The application of asexual propagation, specifically the collection of single shoots from donor seagrasses and subsequent transplantation, is a convenient tool. However, from this project results, this process still has conceptual problems as from the large numbers of single shoots collected from donor seagrasses, the survival rate was relatively low. Furthermore, this process was complicated by conflicting interests between local communities near to the donor site and the project’s organizers. In order to reduce said conflicts, other techniques to balance stakeholder interests were instigated by this project, namely the development of both asexual and sexual propagation techniques. This project initiated a sexual propagation technique by the collection of wild seeds of Enhalus acoroides that were subsequently grown in the laboratory before natural habitat transplantation. This project results showed that seeds can be grown rapidly and can be cultured in large numbers. However, this development technique has a limit on rearing time because seedlings were found to be in decline after the third month of the experiment. These problems were compounded by a limiting factor that pushed the project’s organizers to decide to transplant seagrasses from the laboratory to the wild whether a time was seasonally suitable or unsuitable, the planting activity still done forward. This matter may have enhanced the low survival rate situation after seagrass transplantation to the wild. If there is a need to recover a seagrass bed, the above culture and transplantation methodologies should be used in conjunction with repeated periodic plantings until natural ecological function has been restored. In conclusion, further research should be instigated to improve the cultivation method for producing ready to plant seedlings and to improve methods of project operation.
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Fernandes, E., M. João Rodrigues, V. Castañeda-Loaiza, F. Albericio, and L. Custódio. "Short Lecture “Asexual propagation and biochemical properties of Sarcocornia perennis ecotypes under cultivation in an integrated multitrophic aquaculture (IMTA) system”." In GA – 70th Annual Meeting 2022. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1758952.
Full textReports on the topic "Asexual propagation"
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Sherman, A., D. N. Kuhn, Y. Cohen, R. Ophir, and R. Goenaga. Exploring the polyembryonic seed trait in mango as a basis for a biotechnology platform for fruit tree crops. Israel: United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2021.8134176.bard.
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Mango is one of the most important fruit crops. However, the biology of this fruit tree is under studied. The lack of genetic and genomic resources has limited progress in mango research and breeding. Several research groups have recently started developing genomic tools for mango by creating transcriptome and genomic data. Sexual reproduction in plants is the main pathway for the creation of new genetic combinations. In modern agriculture, breeders exploit the genetic diversity generated through sexual reproduction to develop elite cultivars; however, these cultivars require genetic stabilization before they are suitable for mass propagation for uniform crop production. In heterozygous plants such as fruit trees, vegetative propagation (cloning) is the primary path for the propagation of genetically uniform plants. Another natural plant mechanism that can create genetically uniform plants (clones) is apomixes. Apomixis is defined as asexual reproduction through seeds that lead to the production of clonal progeny whose genotype is identical to that of the mother plant. In fruit crops like citrus and mango, sporophytic apomixes result in polyembryony, where seeds contain multiple embryos, one of which is sexually originated, and the others are clones of the mother tree. As part of this research, the reference genome of mango was established as a basic platform for mango breeding and research. It was used to map two important mango traits fruit size and polyembryony. The draft genome 'Tommy Atkins' sequence was generated using NRGene de-novo Magic on high molecular weight DNA of 'Tommy Atkins,' supplemented by 10X Genomics long read sequencing to improve the initial assembly. The final 'Tommy Atkins' genome assembly was a consensus sequence that included 20 pseudomolecules representing the 20 chromosomes of mango. The availability of a genome enables the genetic dissection of important traits. We demonstrated the utility of the genome assembly and the 'Tommy Atkins' x 'Kensington Pride' map by analyzing fruit weight phenotypic data and identifying two QTLs for this trait.