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Books on the topic 'Ash reaction'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 8 February 2022

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1

Bleszynski, Roland F. Study of the effects of fly ash on alkali-silica reaction in concrete. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1997.

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2

OECD Nuclear Energy Agency. Working Party on Physics of Plutonium Recycling. Physics of plutonium recycling. Paris, France: Nuclear Energy Agency, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 1995.

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3

Dooley, M. A. Rat phantom depth dose studies in electron, X-ray, gamma-ray, and reactor radiation fields. Bethesda, Md: Defense Nuclear Agency, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, 1986.

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4

Davies, D. G. Inorganic reactions at Advanced Level: (a student guide for laboratory exercises in observation and deduction). London: Bell & Hyman, 1986.

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5

Kelly, T. V. G. 1937-, ed. Inorganic reactions at advanced level: (a student guide for laboratory exercises in observation and deduction). London: Collins Educational, 1991.

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6

International Colloquium on the Dynamics of Explosions and Reactive Systems (16th 1997 University of Mining and Metallurgy). Conference proceedings: 16th International Colloquium on the Dynamics of Explosions and Reactive Systems, August 3-8, 1997, University of Mining and Metallurgy, AGH, Cracow, Poland. Kraków: Wydawn. "Akapit", 1997.

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7

Garshin, Anatoliy. General and inorganic chemistry in diagrams, figures, tables, and chemical reactions. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1070937.

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The textbook in the form of definitions, drawings, diagrams, tables, formulas and chemical reactions outlines the main provisions of General and inorganic chemistry.
 It is intended for students of non-chemical specialties of higher education institutions. It can be used by students of secondary vocational schools of chemical and medical-biological profiles, secondary school teachers, applicants, foreign students studying in Russian technical universities and natural science faculties of universities, as well as in the system of pre-University training of foreign students. Each Chapter of
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8

Sōgō Shigen Enerugī Chōsakai (Japan). Genshiryoku Anzen Hoan Bukai. Haikibutsu Anzen Shōiinkai. Uran toriatsukai shisetsu ni okeru kuriaransu seido no seibi ni tsuite. [Tokyo]: Sōgō Shigen Enerugī Chōsakai Genshiryoku Anzen Hoan Bukai Haikibutsu Anzen Shōiinkai, 2010.

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9

IAEA Technical Meeting on Fissile Material Management Strategies for Sustainable Nuclear Energy (2005 Vienna, Austria). Fissile material management strategies for sustainable nuclear energy: Proceedings of an IAEA Technical Meeting on Fissile Material Management Strategies for Sustainable Nuclear Energy, held in Vienna, 12-15 September 2005. Vienna, Austria: International Atomic Energy Agency, 2007.

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10

Shehata, Medhat H. The effects of fly ash and silica fume on alkali silica reaction in concrete. 2001.

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11

Succi, Sauro. Lattice Boltzmann for reactive flows. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199592357.003.0026.

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The dynamics of reactive flows lies at the heart of several important applications, such as combustion, heterogeneous catalysis, pollutant conversion, pattern formation in biology and many others. In general, LB is well suited to describe reaction-diffusion applications with flowing species. This chapter provides the basic guidelines to include reactive phenomena within the LBE formalism. Reactive flows obey the usual fluid equations, augmented with a reactive source term, accounting for species transformations due to chemical reactions. Such term comes typically in the form of a polynomial pr
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12

Henriksen, Niels Engholm, and Flemming Yssing Hansen. Introduction to Condensed-Phase Dynamics. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198805014.003.0009.

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This chapter discusses chemical reactions in solution; first, how solvents modify the potential energy surface of the reacting molecules and second, the role of diffusion. As a first approximation, solvent effects are described by models where the solvent is represented by a dielectric continuum, focusing on the Onsager reaction-field model for solvation of polar molecules. The reactants of bimolecular reactions are brought into contact by diffusion, and the interplay between diffusion and chemical reaction that determines the overall reaction rate is described. The solution to Fick’s second l
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13

Henriksen, Niels Engholm, and Flemming Yssing Hansen. Bimolecular Reactions, Dynamics of Collisions. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198805014.003.0004.

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This chapter discusses the dynamics of bimolecular collisions within the framework of (quasi-)classical mechanics as well as quantum mechanics. The relation between the cross-section and the reaction probability, which can be calculated theoretically from a (quasi-)classical or quantum mechanical description of the collision, is described in terms of classical trajectories and wave packets, respectively. As an introduction to reactive scattering, classical two-body scattering is described and used to formulate simple models for chemical reactions, based on reasonable assumptions for the reacti
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14

Henriksen, Niels Engholm, and Flemming Yssing Hansen. From Microscopic to Macroscopic Descriptions. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198805014.003.0002.

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This chapter discusses bimolecular reactions from both a microscopic and macroscopic point of view. The outcome of an isolated reactive scattering event can be specified in terms of an intrinsic fundamental quantity, the reaction cross-section that can be measured in a molecular beam experiment. It depends on the quantum states of the molecules as well as the relative velocity of reactants and products. The relation between the cross-section and the macroscopic rate constant is derived. The rate constant is a weighted average of the product between the relative speed of the reactants and the r
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15

Ferner, Robin, and Anthony Cox. Drug-induced neurological disease. Edited by Patrick Davey and David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0240.

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An adverse drug reaction is defined as ‘an appreciably harmful or unpleasant reaction, resulting from an intervention related to the use of a medicinal product; adverse effects usually predict hazard from future administration and warrant prevention, or specific treatment, or alteration of the dosage regimen, or withdrawal of the product’ (p. 1255, Edwards IR and Aronson JK. Adverse drug reactions: Definitions, diagnosis, and management. Lancet 2000; 356: 1255–9). Adverse drug reactions can cause or contribute to central and peripheral nervous system disorders, including traumatic, infective,
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16

Misbah, Siraj. Suspected anaphylaxis. Edited by Patrick Davey and David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0075.

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A type I IgE-mediated systemic allergic reaction is characterized by a constellation of symptoms which are due to widespread histamine release and which comprise acute-onset urticaria, angioedema, bronchospasm, and hypotension. While a mild reaction may be limited to localized urticaria and/or angioedema, a full-blown allergic reaction associated with systemic features is best described as anaphylaxis. The term ‘anaphylactoid’, previously used to denote non-IgE-mediated systemic allergic reactions, is no longer recommended for use.
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17

Henriksen, Niels E., and Flemming Y. Hansen. Theories of Molecular Reaction Dynamics. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198805014.001.0001.

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This book deals with a central topic at the interface of chemistry and physics—the understanding of how the transformation of matter takes place at the atomic level. Building on the laws of physics, the book focuses on the theoretical framework for predicting the outcome of chemical reactions. The style is highly systematic with attention to basic concepts and clarity of presentation. Molecular reaction dynamics is about the detailed atomic-level description of chemical reactions. Based on quantum mechanics and statistical mechanics or, as an approximation, classical mechanics, the dynamics of
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18

Sherwood, Dennis, and Paul Dalby. Acids, bases and buffer solutions. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198782957.003.0017.

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Many reactions in solution involve acids and bases, and so this chapter examines these important reactions in detail. Topics covered include the ionisation of water, pH, pOH, acids and bases, conjugate acids and conjugate bases, acid and base dissociation constants, the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, the Henderson-Hasselbalch approximation, buffer solutions and buffer capacity. A unique feature of this chapter is a ‘first principles’ analysis of how a reaction buffered at a particular pH achieves an equilibrium composition different from that of the same reaction taking place in an unbuffered
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19

Griep, Mark A., and Marjorie L. Mikasen. ReAction! Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195326925.001.0001.

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ReAction! gives a scientist's and artist's response to the dark and bright sides of chemistry found in 140 films, most of them contemporary Hollywood feature films but also a few documentaries, shorts, silents, and international films. Even though there are some examples of screen chemistry between the actors and of behind-the-scenes special effects, this book is really about the chemistry when it is part of the narrative. It is about the dualities of Dr. Jekyll vs. inventor chemists, the invisible man vs. forensic chemists, chemical weapons vs. classroom chemistry, chemical companies that kno
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20

Henriksen, Niels Engholm, and Flemming Yssing Hansen. Unimolecular Reactions. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198805014.003.0007.

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This chapter considers unimolecular reactions; photo-induced reactions, that is, true unimolecular reactions; and reactions initiated by collisional activation, that is, apparent unimolecular reactions where it is assumed that the time scales for activation and subsequent reaction are well separated. Elements of classical and quantum dynamical descriptions are discussed, including Slater theory and the quantum mechanical description of photo-induced reactions. Statistical theories aiming at the calculation of micro-canonical as well as canonical rate constants are discussed, including a detail
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21

Sherwood, Dennis, and Paul Dalby. Electrochemistry. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198782957.003.0020.

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This chapter explores electrochemistry, from the fundamental observations associated with the Daniel Cell to redox reactions and the Nernst equation. As throughout the book, all the discussions are based on rigorous first principles, with each step carefully explained, and deduced logically from previous material. Topics covered include electrodes and electrode potentials, half-cells and half-cell reactions, electrochemical cells, the electromotive force, standard reversible electrode potentials, oxidising and reducing agents, redox reactions, and the half-cell Nernst equation, and the full re
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22

Hudlic'ky, Milos. Fluorine Chemistry for Organic Chemists. Oxford University Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195131567.001.0001.

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This book is a synthesis of two of Hudlicky's earlier books outlining the many unpredictable properties of fluorine and its compounds that are not analogous to the properties of any other halogens and their compounds. It is divided into two separate sections, the first presenting peculiar reactions as problems to be solved. Each reaction can be analyzed in the lab without the help of the second section, however if a solution is not easily reached, the second section provides discussion of the problems, outlining the products of the reactions and their mechanisms. Among the 105 reactions outlin
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23

Doraiswamy, L. K. Organic Synthesis Engineering. Oxford University Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195096897.001.0001.

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This book will formally launch "organic synthesis engineering" as a distinctive field in the armory of the reaction engineer. Its main theme revolves around two developments: catalysis and the role of process intensification in enhancing overall productivity. Each of these two subjects are becoming increasingly useful in organic synthesis engineering, especially in the production of medium and small volume chemicals and enhancing reaction rates by extending laboratory techniques, such as ultrasound, phase transfer catalysts, membrane reactor, and microwaves, to industrial scale production. Thi
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24

Bernstein, Elliot R., ed. Chemical Reactions in Clusters. Oxford University Press, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195090048.001.0001.

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This book covers important new developments of the last five years in the area of cluster chemistry, presenting an excellent view of the successes and shortcomings of both current state-of-the-art theory and experiment. Each chapter, contributed by a leading expert, places heavy emphasis on theory without which the detailed analysis of the spectroscopic and kinetic results would be compromised. The cluster reactions reviewed in this work include electron and proton transfer reactions, hot atom reactions, vibrational predissociation, radical reactions, and ionic reactions. Some of the theories
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25

Baer, Tomas, and William L. Hase. Unimolecular Reaction Dynamics. Oxford University Press, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195074949.001.0001.

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This book provides a penetrating and comprehensive description of energy selected reactions from a theoretical as well as experimental view. Three major aspects of unimolecular reactions involving the preparation of the reactants in selected energy states, the rate of dissociation of the activated molecule, and the partitioning of the excess energy among the final products, are fully discussed with the aid of 175 illustrations and over 1,000 references, most from the recent literature. Examples of both neutral and ionic reactions are presented. Many of the difficult topics are discussed at sev
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26

Henriksen, Niels Engholm, and Flemming Yssing Hansen. Dynamic Solvent Effects: Kramers Theory and Beyond. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198805014.003.0011.

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This chapter discusses dynamical solvent effects on the rate constants for chemical reactions in solution. The effect is described by stochastic dynamics, where the influence of the solvent on the reaction dynamics is included by describing the motion along the reaction coordinate as Brownian motion. Two theoretical approaches are discussed: Kramers theory with a constant time-independent solvent friction coefficient and Grote–Hynes theory, a generalization of Kramers theory, based on the generalized Langevin equation with a time-dependent solvent friction coefficient. The expressions for the
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27

Atkins, Peter. Reactions. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199695126.001.0001.

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Illustrated with remarkable new full-color images--indeed, one or more on every page--and written by one of the world's leading authorities on the subject, Reactions offers a compact, pain-free tour of the inner workings of chemistry. Reactions begins with the chemical formula almost everyone knows--the formula for water, H2O--a molecule with an "almost laughably simple chemical composition." But Atkins shows that water is also rather miraculous--it is the only substance whose solid form is less dense than its liquid (hence ice floats in water)--and incredibly central to many chemical reaction
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28

Tutino, Stefania. The Roman Reaction. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190694098.003.0006.

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During the central decades of the seventeenth century, Caramuel’s understanding of probabilism was the object of both acute interest and widespread, and at times violent, criticism. As a result, the Congregation of the Index of Prohibited Book and the Holy Office decided to examine and eventually censure two of Caramuel’s most influential works. Through an analysis of the lengthy process leading to the censure and correction of these books, this chapter examines the theological, intellectual, moral, and political issues at stake in the debate over Caramuel’s doctrine and explores the complex a
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29

Henriksen, Niels Engholm, and Flemming Yssing Hansen. Bimolecular Reactions, Transition-State Theory. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198805014.003.0006.

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This chapter discusses an approximate approach—transition-state theory—to the calculation of rate constants for bimolecular reactions. A reaction coordinate is identified from a normal-mode coordinate analysis of the activated complex, that is, the supermolecule on the saddle-point of the potential energy surface. Motion along this coordinate is treated by classical mechanics and recrossings of the saddle point from the product to the reactant side are neglected, leading to the result of conventional transition-state theory expressed in terms of relevant partition functions. Various alternativ
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30

Hopkins, Philip M. Adverse drug reactions in anaesthesia. Edited by Michel M. R. F. Struys. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642045.003.0022.

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Adverse drug reactions are implicated in more than 40% of anaesthesia-related deaths. Undoubtedly, many more patients experience morbidity from adverse drug reactions. Widely cited definitions of adverse drug reactions encompass common side-effects but this chapter focuses on those that are unexpected reactions to drugs administered by anaesthetists and that occur at normal drug doses. The chapter includes a comprehensive account of malignant hyperthermia, which remains a major contributor to anaesthesia related to deaths. Malignant hyperthermia is a pharmacogenetic condition triggered by pote
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31

Atherstone, Andrew. Protestant Reactions. Edited by Stewart J. Brown, Peter Nockles, and James Pereiro. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199580187.013.12.

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Protestantism was a major rallying cry during the Tractarian controversies. It was anathematized by some Oxford Movement radicals as a ‘heresy’, and held tenaciously by evangelical campaigners as ‘the pure Gospel of Christ’. Protestant polemicists decried Tractarianism as a revival of Roman Catholicism in an Anglican disguise and called their brothers-in-arms to fight the theological battles of the Reformation over again. Focusing on the events in Oxford itself between 1838 and 1846, this chapter surveys the rhetoric which surrounded three overlapping themes—Protestant Reformers, Protestant Fo
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32

Adam, Sheila, Sue Osborne, and John Welch. The immune system and the immunocompromised patient. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199696260.003.0013.

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This chapter discusses the physiology of the immune system and its related disorders in the critically ill patient. The causes, complications, and management of the immunocompromised patient is discussed at length, detailing the specific nursing management. It also discusses the management of autoimmune disease such as Wegener's granulomatosis and rheumatoid arthritis, and hypersensitivity reactions such as drug allergy and anaphylactic reaction. Cancer is explained in detail, including its complications, specific therapies such as stem cell transplant, and the role of the cancer patient withi
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33

Williams, J., RA Hook, and HL Gascoigne, eds. Farming Action: Catchment Reaction. CSIRO Publishing, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643104990.

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Dryland farming is a major export earner for many temperate-zone countries, yet it continues to degrade a country's natural resources. Effects are not restricted to the land - changes in water quality can reduce the potential uses of water and bring about catastrophic changes in both freshwater and coastal ecosystems.
 Farming Action: Catchment Reaction provides a comprehensive technical overview of the relationships between dryland farming systems and catchment land and water quality in Australia, and integrates it in a whole system framework. It deals with the issues in terms of people,
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34

Fox, Raymond. The Use of Self. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190616144.001.0001.

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This monograph presents recent advances in neural network (NN) approaches and applications to chemical reaction dynamics. Topics covered include: (i) the development of ab initio potential-energy surfaces (PES) for complex multichannel systems using modified novelty sampling and feedforward NNs; (ii) methods for sampling the configuration space of critical importance, such as trajectory and novelty sampling methods and gradient fitting methods; (iii) parametrization of interatomic potential functions using a genetic algorithm accelerated with a NN; (iv) parametrization of analytic interatomic
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35

Raff, Lionel, Ranga Komanduri, Martin Hagan, and Satish Bukkapatnam. Neural Networks in Chemical Reaction Dynamics. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199765652.001.0001.

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This monograph presents recent advances in neural network (NN) approaches and applications to chemical reaction dynamics. Topics covered include: (i) the development of ab initio potential-energy surfaces (PES) for complex multichannel systems using modified novelty sampling and feedforward NNs; (ii) methods for sampling the configuration space of critical importance, such as trajectory and novelty sampling methods and gradient fitting methods; (iii) parametrization of interatomic potential functions using a genetic algorithm accelerated with a NN; (iv) parametrization of analytic interatomic
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36

Anne, Lagerwall. Part 3 The Post 9/11-Era (2001–), 62 Threats of and Actual Military Strikes Against Syria—2013 and 2017. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198784357.003.0062.

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This chapter examines the threats of military intervention expressed by the United States, the United Kingdom and France in reaction to the use of chemical weapons during an attack in the Ghouta area of Damascus in 2013 as well as the military strikes launched by the United States following the use of chemical weapons during an attack in the Khan Sheikhun area of Southern Idlib in 2017. After recalling the facts and context of the Syrian crisis, it studies the legal positions of the main protagonists (the United States, the United Kingdom and France) and the reactions of third States and inter
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37

Schmidt, Susanne K. Europeanization With and Against the Odds. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198717775.003.0006.

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The extent to which member states still enjoy the autonomy to regulate their society and economy ultimately depends on the way the Court interprets the constraints of the Treaty. As a consequence, the domestic impact of the EU goes beyond the implementation of European secondary law, which Europeanization research focuses on. European case law should take immediate effect in the member states, but the literature in this area expects member states to contain compliance. Chapter 6 contrasts two case studies for markedly different member-state reactions to case law: the German reaction to the Mei
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38

Hitlin, Steven, and Sarah K. Harkness. The Theory of Inequality and Moral Emotions. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190465407.003.0006.

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This chapter brings together the strands of theory and research discussed previously to introduce our theory on inequality and morality. The general argument is that in societies with greater economic inequality, the negative sanctioning-based moral emotions of anger, contempt, disgust, shame, and the like will be more frequent and severe. Societies with lower levels of inequality will conversely normalize and exhibit the more positive moral emotions of self-transcendence (compassion, praise, and empathy). Inequality thus begets negative moral emotions. These various emotional reactions to mor
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39

Henriksen, Niels Engholm, and Flemming Yssing Hansen. Microscopic Interpretation of Arrhenius Parameters. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198805014.003.0008.

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This chapter reviews the microscopic interpretation of the pre-exponential factor and the activation energy in rate constant expressions of the Arrhenius form. The pre-exponential factor of apparent unimolecular reactions is, roughly, expected to be of the order of a vibrational frequency, whereas the pre-exponential factor of bimolecular reactions, roughly, is related to the number of collisions per unit time and per unit volume. The activation energy of an elementary reaction can be interpreted as the average energy of the molecules that react minus the average energy of the reactants. Speci
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40

Alexandra, Hofer. Part 1 The Cold War Era (1945–89), 4 The Suez Crisis—1956. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198784357.003.0004.

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This chapter examines the intervention led by France, the United Kingdom and Israel against Egypt in 1956. After recalling the facts of the Suez Canal Crisis, it examines the legal positions of the main protagonists (Israel, France, the United Kingdom and Egypt) and the reactions of United Nations member states. The intervention’s legality is then assessed against the international legal framework governing the use of force as it stood in 1956. The final section analyses the intervention’s precedential value and its impact on the jus ad bellum. It is argued that if the intervention initially u
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41

Briggs, Andrew, Hans Halvorson, and Andrew Steane. On the way. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198808282.003.0009.

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In this the second of the three autobiographical chapters, Andrew Steane (A.S.) recounts some of his experiences. He describes a life at a crossing-point of conservative and liberal forms of Christian witness, and conscious of both modern-day atheist and theist values and points of view. This has been difficult but, hopefully, creative. A.S. describes his reading of Bertrand Russell as a young man, and of later being waylaid by Richard Dawkins’ The God Delusion. He gives brief reactions and asks what the reaction to such books shows us about contemporary culture. More penetrating authors have
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42

Puntis, John. Food allergy. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198759928.003.0019.

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Food allergy is an immune response to food that can be classified as immunoglobulin (Ig)-E and non-IgE mediated. Milk, egg, peanut, tree nuts, and fish are among the most prevalent causes of food allergy. Mild reactions can include itchy rash, watering eyes, and nasal congestion while a severe reaction results in anaphylaxis. A detailed clinical history is essential when making a diagnosis, and skin prick testing and quantitative measurement of food-specific IgE antibodies can be helpful. Cow milk protein allergy causes a plethora of symptoms and frequently resolves spontaneously over the firs
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43

Jordan, Robert B. Reaction Mechanisms of Inorganic and Organometallic Systems. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195301007.001.0001.

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This third edition retains the general level and scope of earlier editions, but has been substantially updated with over 900 new references covering the literature through 2005, and 140 more pages of text than the previous edition. In addition to the general updating of materials, there is new or greatly expanded coverage of topics such as Curtin-Hammett conditions, pressure effects, metal hydrides and asymmetric hydrogenation catalysts, the inverted electron-transfer region, intervalence electron transfer, photochemistry of metal carbonyls, methyl transferase and nitric oxide synthase. The ne
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44

Richebé, Philippe, and Cyril Rivat. The effects of morphine on the CNS. Edited by Paul Farquhar-Smith, Pierre Beaulieu, and Sian Jagger. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198834359.003.0017.

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The 1973 paper by Jacquet and Lajtha, was a pivotal report in understanding the effects of opioids on nociception, as it investigated the effects of morphine on different brain structures. To do this, the authors used a microinjection technique that allowed them to specifically target subcortical sites. The animals used in this study were rats, and evaluation of the nociceptive threshold was based on the behavioural reaction to electrical shock. Two reactions were evaluated: flinch or jump responses. The main result was that, depending on the dose and the site of injection, morphine produced e
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45

Patton, Raymond A. 1989: Conclusion and Epilogue. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190872359.003.0009.

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The conclusion condenses the book’s argument that punk developed through networks that crossed all three worlds through intertwined phenomena of immigration, postmodernism, and globalization; that punks and societies’ reactions to it defied and subverted the fundamental assumptions and categories of the Cold War era; and that punk provoked a realignment away from sociopolitical, ideological categories and toward a new framework emphasizing identities as conservatives and progressives. It briefly examines the post-1989 punk scenes of the East and West; many punks felt as dissatisfied with the g
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46

Bianco, Magda, and Giulio Napolitano. Why the Italian Administrative System Is a Source of Competitive Disadvantage. Edited by Gianni Toniolo. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199936694.013.0019.

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The development of the Italian administrative system showed some initial weaknesses: Italy was a latecomer, not having a strong administrative tradition; a substantial role of lawyers and legal administrative formalism strongly affected the evolution of the administration; the interaction between administration and politics was not always virtuous. All these factors had an impact on some of the expected outputs: we show as an example the evolution of the length, and quality, of civil justice decisions. Some reactions to these weaknesses-such as the development of "parallel" administrations, le
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Brommelhoff, Jessica A. Depression in Dementia Syndromes. Edited by C. Steven Richards and Michael W. O'Hara. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199797004.013.007.

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Depressive symptoms are common in many dementia syndromes, and depressive disorders are much more common in older adults with dementia than in cognitively intact older adults. Depression may be a risk factor for, or a prodromal feature of, subsequent dementia. Several neuropathological mechanisms have been suggested to explain these relationships, including the role of underlying cerebrovascular risk factors for depression and cognitive impairment. Depression also may be present in dementia as an emotional reaction to cognitive decline, or as a recurrence of early and midlife depression. Diffe
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Liljeström, Marianne. Affect. Edited by Lisa Disch and Mary Hawkesworth. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199328581.013.3.

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During the last few decades, feminist affect studies have enunciated challenging epistemological and ontological questions based on numerous discussions and readings of affect as emotive intensities, intuitive reactions, and life forces. Affect has created a space for rethinking theoretical issues that range from the dualisms between body and mind to the critique of identity politics and critical reading. This theorizing has underlined the sensual qualities of being and the capacity to experience and understand the world in profoundly relational and productive ways. This chapter presents examp
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Taiz, Lincoln, and Lee Taiz. Behind the Green Door. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190490263.003.0014.

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Chapter 14 explores literary and scientific reactions to the idea of sex in plants. England experienced a fashion for “phytoerotica”: bawdy verse, in which plants represented human genitalia, and classically inspired poetry, in which stamens and pistils were personified as husbands, wives and lovers. The former had little to do with plants. The latter served to teach the Linnaean sexual classification system. In reaction, some botanists rejected both the sexual theory and the Linnaean system. Two camps developed, the “sexualists” and the “asexualists”. J.G. Siegesbeck railed, “[Who] will ever
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Kosstrin, Hannah. The Wandering Frog That Did Not Travel Well. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199396924.003.0004.

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American critical reactions to Anna Sokolow’s Mexican works Wandering Frog (1940) and Lament for the Death of a Bullfighter (1941) displayed the differences between Mexican and American modernism. US critics read the dances as ethnic instead of revolutionary within an anticommunist American critical discourse of ethnic and ethnologic dance. The resonance of Sokolow’s choreography among the transnational Left in the 1930s fell flat given the United States’ wartime demonization of Communism and shift in American dance coverage from leftist to mainstream newspapers and magazines. This spectatoria
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