To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: ASI6.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'ASI6'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'ASI6.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Marini, Maiko. "Preditores de adesão ao projeto terapêutico em centro de atenção psicossocial álcool e outras drogas." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/36963.
Full textAbstract:
Os transtornos relacionados ao uso de substâncias psicoativas (SPAs) são um crescente problema de saúde pública, cujo tratamento tem sido um desafio. A dependência química (DQ) é um transtorno complexo multifacetado que causa danos às diferentes dimensões de vida do sujeito. A atual política pública de atenção a essa problemática tem como principal estratégia a abordagem dos usuários de SPAs nos Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Álcool e outras Drogas (CAPSad). Esse dispositivo operacionaliza essa política por meio do projeto terapêutico (PT). Entretanto, estudos sobre adesão a esta estratégia são escassos. O objetivo do presente estudo é identificar os preditores de adesão ao projeto terapêutico relacionado à DQ em usuários de CAPSad. Trata-se de um estudo de coorte retrospectivo de 6 meses. A amostra consistiu de sujeitos em tratamento em CAPSad de uma cidade do interior do Rio Grande do Sul. Para identificar os preditores demográficos, clínicos e psicossociais, utilizaram-se instrumentos validados no contexto brasileiro: a Escala da Gravidade da Dependência (ASI6), que avalia de forma multidimensional a gravidade da dependência em diferentes áreas - emprego/finanças, álcool, outras drogas, legal, psiquiátrica - e três escalas para a área familiar/social; o World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-bref) para avaliar a qualidade de vida e o Inventário de Depressão de Beck (BDI) para mensurar os sintomas de depressão. Foi utilizado como critério de adesão a mudança de comportamento no período de 6 meses para a diminuição do uso de SPA como redução de danos e se não fazia mais uso de SPA como abstinência; se aumentou ou manteve o uso como não-adesão. Um total de 77 sujeitos foram incluídos, com predomínio (84%) do sexo masculino (n=65) e média de idade (desvio padrão) de 43,84 (DP=11,25) anos, escolaridade menor que 8 anos (n=55; 72%), sem companheiro (n=45; 58%) e a maioria está fora do mercado de trabalho (n=49; 64%). Os dados clínicos apontam que os diagnósticos prevalentes de DQ são dependência de álcool (n=41; 53%) e dentre as comorbidades, os transtornos de humor são os mais frequentes (n= 17; 22%). A maioria dos sujeitos da amostra (80%) utilizava algum tipo de medicação (n=62). Os sujeitos foram agrupados em não-adesão (n=9; 12%), adesão para redução de danos (n=18; 23%) e abstinência (n=50; 65%). Identificaram-se associações significativas entre o grupo em abstinência com a menor gravidade nas áreas problemas com drogas (p=0,047), álcool (p=0,011) e sociofamiliares (n=0,022). O grupo em abstinência apresentava significativamente maior presença de comorbidade psiquiátrica (p=0,004) e consultavam mais o psiquiatria (p=0,026). O grupo redução de danos apresentou associação significativa com menor gravidade nos problemas legais (p=0,040). As características sociodemográficas e a qualidade de vida não foram preditoras da adesão, porém, as dimensões da qualidade de vida correlacionaram-se negativamente com a gravidade da DQ através do ASI6. Portanto, a adesão ao projeto terapêutico do CAPSad para a abstinência foi maior em sujeitos com comorbidades psiquiátricas, que se consultaram com o psiquiatra, e apresentaram menor gravidade nas áreas da DQ do álcool e outras drogas e na sociofamiliar. Contudo, são necessários estudos que avaliem a adesão ao tratamento em CAPSad com delineamento prospectivo.<br>Disorders related to psychotropic use are a growing public health problem whose treatment has been a challenge. Chemical dependence (CD) is a complex, multifaceted disorder that hurts the various aspects of people’s lives. The main strategy of the current public policy addressing this problem is to work with users at Alcohol and other Drugs Rehabilitation Centers (CAPSad, in Portuguese). Such places put the policy into operation by means of treatment plans (TPs). However, studies on the adherence to this strategy are scarce. The aim of this study is to identify predictors of adherence to CD treatment plans in CAPSad users. It is a retrospective cohort study of 6 months. The sample comprised patients being treated at a CAPSad in a Rio Grande do Sul city. To identify demographic, clinical and psychosocial predictors, validated instruments in the Brazilian context were used: the Addiction Severity Index (ASI6), which multidimensionally evaluates the severity of addiction in many areas - employment / finance, alcohol, other drugs, legal, psychiatric - and three scales for the familial / social area; the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) to assess the quality of life and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) to measure symptoms of depression. The criteria of adherence used were the change in behavior at 6 months toward a lower use of psychotropics so as to decrease damages, and quitting drugs to achieve abstinence; higher or sustained use was deemed non-adherence. A total of 77 subjects were included, predominantly (84%) male (n = 65) and mean age (standart deviation) of 43,84 (DP=11,25) years, less than 8th grade education (n = 55; 72%), single (n = 45; 58%) and most of them unemployed (n = 49; 64%). Clinical data show that CD prevalent diagnoses are alcohol dependence (n = 41; 53%) and among the comorbidities mood disorders are the most common (n = 17; 22%). Most of the sample patients (80%) used some type of medication (n = 62). The subjects were grouped into non-adherence (n = 9, 12%), adherence to decrease damages (n = 18; 23%) and withdrawal (n = 50; 65%). We identified significant associations between the abstinence group and less severe problems in the areas of drugs (p = 0.047), alcohol (p = 0.011) and social-familial (p = 0.022). The withdrawal group showed significantly higher psychiatric comorbidity (p = 0.004) and saw their psychiatrist more often (p = 0.026). The damages decrease group was associated with significantly less severe legal problems (p = 0.04). The sociodemographic characteristics and quality of life were not a predictor of adherence; however, the quality of life aspects were negatively correlated with the severity of CD via the ASI6. Therefore, adherence to the CAPSad abstinenceoriented treatment plan was higher in subjects with psychiatric comorbidities, who saw a psychiatrist and had a less severeaddiction to alcohol and other drugs and ferwer social and family problems. However, prospective studies are needed to assess adherence to CAPSad treatment plans.<br>Los trastornos relacionados al consumo de sustancias psicoactivas (SPA) son un creciente problema de salud pública, cuyo tratamiento ha sido un reto. La dependencia química (DQ) es una enfermedad compleja y multifacética que perjudica las diferentes dimensiones de la vida del sujeto. La actual atención de la política pública brasileña a este problema tiene como principal estrategia el Centro de Atención Psicosocial Alcohol y otras Drogas (CAPSad). Este dispositivo pone en práctica esa política por medio del proyecto terapéutico singular (PT). Sin embargo, los estudios sobre la adhesión a esa estrategia son escasos. El objetivo de este estudio es identificar los predictores de la adhesión al proyecto terapéutico relacionado a la dependencia química en usuarios de CAPSad. Se trata de un estudio de cohorte retrospectivo de 6 meses. La muestra se realizó con sujetos en tratamiento en el CAPSad de una ciudad del interior de Rio Grande do Sul. Para identificar predictores demográficos, clínicos y psicosociales, fueron utilizados instrumentos validados en el contexto brasileño: el Índice de Gravedad de la Adicción (ASI6), que evalúa multidimensionalmente la gravedad de la dependencia química en diferentes dimensiones - empleo/finanzas, alcohol, otras drogas, legal, psiquiátrica – y tres escalas para el ámbito familiar/social; el World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-bref) para evaluar la calidad de vida y el Inventario de Depresión de Beck (BDI) para medir los síntomas de la depresión. Se utilizó como criterio de adhesión el cambio de comportamiento a los 6 meses para la disminución del uso del SPA como reducción del daño y si no usaba más SPA como abstinencia, si el uso aumentó o si lo mantuvo como no-adhesión. Fueron incluidos un total de 77 sujetos, con un predominio (84%) del sexo masculino (n = 65) y la edad media (desviación estándar) de 43,84 (DE=11,25) años, una escolaridad inferior a 8 años (n = 55; 72%), sin compañero (n = 45; 58%) y la mayoría está fuera del mercado de trabajo (n = 49; 64%). Los datos clínicos muestran que los diagnósticos de dependencia química más frecuente fue la dependencia del alcohol (n = 41; 53%) y entre las comorbilidades los trastornos del humor fueron los más frecuentes (n = 17; 22%). La mayor parte de los sujetos de la muestra (80%) utilizaba algún tipo de medicamento (n = 62). Los sujetos fueron agrupados en no-adhesión (n = 9,12%), adhesión a la reducción de daños (n = 18; 23%) y abstinencia (n = 50; 65%). Se identificaron asociaciones significativas entre el grupo en abstinencia con problemas menos graves en las áreas de otras drogas (p = 0,047), alcohol (p = 0,011) y situación social familiar (n = 0,022). El grupo en abstinencia tuvo la presencia significativamente más alta de comorbilidad psiquiátrica (p = 0,004) y se consultaban más con el psiquiatra (p = 0,026). El grupo de reducción de daños se asoció significativamente con menor gravedad en problemas legales (p = 0,04). Las características socio demográficas y la calidad de vida no fueron un predictor de la adhesión, pero las dimensiones de la calidad de vida se correlacionaron negativamente con la gravedad de la dependencia química por medio del ASI6. Por lo tanto, la adhesión al proyecto terapéutico del CAPSad para la abstinencia fue superior en sujetos con comorbilidades psiquiátricas, que se habían consultado con el psiquiatra, y presentaron problemas menos graves en las áreas de la dependencia química de alcohol y otras drogas y en el área social familiar. Sin embargo, se necesitan estudios para evaluar la adhesión al tratamiento en el CAPSad con delineamiento prospectivo.
2
Kessler, Felix Henrique Paim. "Desenvolvimento e validação da sexta versão da Addiction Severity Index (ASI6) para o Brasil e outras análises em uma amostra multicêntrica de usuários de drogas que buscam tratamento no país." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/30925.
Full textAbstract:
Conforme revisão da literatura, existem poucos instrumentos de pesquisa no Brasil que avaliam de forma mais ampla os problemas relacionados ao álcool e outras drogas. Neste contexto, a sexta versão do Addiction Severity Index (ASI6) foi escolhida para ser validada no Brasil. Trata-se de uma entrevista semi-estruturada que foi planejada de forma multidimensional para obter informações sobre os problemas de abuso de substância e outros aspectos da vida como: médico, ocupacional, aspectos legais, sócio-familiar e psiquiátrico. Essa tese descreve na sua introdução as modificações dessa versão do instrumento, que foi desenvolvida para aprimorar seu conteúdo e corrigir as principais limitações das versões anteriores. A tese contém 5 manuscritos e teve como objetivos principais: adaptar a escala traduzida como Escala de Gravidade de Dependência (ASI6) para a cultura brasileira (carta ao editor anexada), apresentar o instrumento através de um caso clínico (artigo 1), além de testar algumas de suas propriedades psicométricas em uma população clínica (artigo 2). Para isso, um estudo transversal multicêntrico foi conduzido em 4 capitais de estados brasileiros, e as características da amostra foram descritas (artigo 3) e comparadas entre os cinco centros de pesquisa que coordenaram o estudo. Foram entrevistados por cinco centros de pesquisa 150 pacientes adultos internados ou em tratamento ambulatorial que buscaram tratamento em centros especializados em dependência química. Um total de 740 abusadores ou dependentes de substâncias foi selecionado. A qualidade dos dados coletados foi assegurada pelo treinamento e supervisão dos entrevistadores. A maioria dos pacientes entrevistados era do sexo masculino (78%) e a média de idade foi de 36 anos, e as drogas mais consumidas nos últimos 30 dias foram: álcool (82%), cocaína/crack (51%) e maconha (41%). No geral, não houve grandes diferenças significativas entre os centros no que tange aos escores de gravidade do ASI6. Na análise psicométrica, a maioria das áreas da ASI demonstrou boa confiabilidade, sem diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os Escores Sumários de Funcionamento Recente (SS-Rs) da ASI-6 no teste-reteste e entre entrevistadores. O alfa de Cronbach para as subescalas da ASI-6 variou de 0,64 a 0,95. Correlações entre os escores da área Álcool e Drogas da ASI-6 e o instrumento concorrente (ASSIST) foram altas (0,72 e 0,89, respectivamente). Encontrou-se também uma correlação negativa, estatisticamente significativa entre os escores nas áreas psiquiátrica, médica e drogas, e os escores da WHOQOL. Esses primeiros resultados apontam para uma boa confiabilidade e validade da Escala de Gravidade de Dependência para a cultura brasileira. Além dos aspectos acima mencionados, a tese também inclui outras análises relacionadas a essa amostra na forma de artigos científicos. O primeiro deles (artigo 4), compara 293 usuários de crack com 126 usuários de cocaína e 324 pacientes que apresentaram uso de álcool e outras drogas, e demonstrou que o grupo de usuários de crack apresentou mais indivíduos (25%) com personalidade antissocial do que usuários de cocaína (9%) e usuários de outras drogas (9%), mesmo depois de ajuste para idade e gênero, com uma Razão de Prevalência de 2,6 (IC 95%: 1,10-6,40). Através dos escores de gravidade do ASI, os usuários de crack também demonstraram significativamente mais problemas ocupacionais, familiares e legais, principalmente devido ao envolvimento em atividades ilegais como tráfico de drogas e outros crimes, quando comparados a outros usuários de substâncias psicoativas. Por fim, um outro estudo (artigo 5) avaliou a qualidade de vida (QV), através do WHOQOL-BREF, de 174 sujeitos que consideraram o álcool como causador de sérios problemas em suas vidas e os fez buscar tratamento especializado para esse problema. Quando comparados os SS-Rs entre tercis de gravidade de problemas de álcool, encontraram-se diferenças significativas (p=0,002) nos domínios físicos e psicológicos que eram mais baixos no grupo com mais problemas relacionados ao álcool. Além disso, o aumento da gravidade dos problemas desses pacientes, especialmente nas áreas médica e psiquiátrica, avaliados pelos SS-Rs do ASI6 também apresentou uma correlação negativa com os escores do WHOQOL-BREF. Através dos achados dessa tese, conclui-se que o ASI6 poderá ser incorporado ao arsenal diagnóstico de pacientes usuários de drogas que buscam tratamento, a fim de auxiliar a avaliar a sua problemática, e melhorar as estratégias de abordagem e intervenção relacionadas às necessidades específicas dessa população. Sem dúvida, serão necessários novos estudos de avaliação psicométrica com outras amostras de consumidores de substâncias psicoativas. Os resultados da tese também sugerem que os usuários de crack devem ser melhor avaliados com o ASI6 ou com outros instrumentos que abordam sintomas psiquiátricos, especialmente quanto a comportamentos antissociais, que provavelmente estão relacionados aos inúmeros problemas legais, familiares e sociais dessa população. Ademais, os achados finais indicam que alcoolistas que buscam tratamento devem ser avaliados quanto aos seus sintomas psiquiátricos e que a diminuição da gravidade dos problemas relacionados ao álcool poderá melhorar a qualidade de vida psicológica desses pacientes.<br>A review of the literature demonstrated that there are few instruments in Brazil to assess the problems related to alcohol and other drugs in a more general manner. In this context, the sixth version of the Addiction Severity Index (ASI-6) was chosen to be validated in Brazil. This instrument consists of a semi-structured interview that was designed in a multidimensional way to collect data about problems related to substance abuse and other aspects of life in the medical, occupational, legal, social relations and family, and psychiatric domains. This version of the instrument was modified with the purpose of improving its content and solving the major limitations of the previous versions. The present dissertation includes five manuscripts and its main objectives were: to adapt the ASI-6 to the Brazilian culture (letter to the editor attached); to present this instrument based on a clinical case (manuscript 1); and to test some of its psychometric properties in a clinical population (manuscript 2). In order to reach these objectives, a multicenter study was conducted in four Brazilian state capitals. The characteristics of the sample were described (manuscript 3) and compared between the five research centers that coordinated the study. A total of 150 adult inpatients or outpatients who sought treatment at five specialized centers for substance abuse were interviewed. A total of 740 substance dependent or abusers were selected. Interviewers were trained and supervised to ensure the quality of the data collected. Most patients were male (78%) and their mean age was 36 years. The most abused drugs in the previous 30 days were: alcohol (82%), cocaine/crack (51%), and marijuana (41%). Overall, there were no major differences between the research centers regarding the ASI-6 severity scores. According to the psychometric analysis, most areas of the ASI demonstrated good reliability, with no statistically significant differences between the ASI-6 Summary Scores for Recent Functioning (SS-Rs) in the test-retest and between interviewers. The Cronbach's alpha for the ASI-6 subscales ranged from 0.64 to 0.95. The correlations between the ASI-6 and the other instrument (ASSIST) scores for the alcohol and drugs area were high (0.72 and 0.89, respectively). There was also a negative statistically significant correlation between the scores of the psychiatric, medical and drugs areas and the scores of the WHOQOL. These initial results suggest a good reliability and validity of the ASI for the Brazilian culture. In addition to the above mentioned aspects, this dissertation also includes additional analyses related to this sample presented in two other scientific papers. The first study (manuscript 4) compared 293 crack users with 126 cocaine users and 324 patients who used alcohol and other drugs. The results demonstrated that the group of crack users had more individuals (25%) with antisocial personality than the group of cocaine users (9%) and the users of other drugs (9%) even after adjusting for age and gender, with a Prevalence Ratio of 2.6 (CI95%: 1.10 to 6.40). Based on the ASI severity scores, crack users also showed significantly more occupational, family and legal problems, mainly in terms of involvement in illegal activities such as drug dealing and other crimes, when compared with other drug users of psychoactive substances. Finally, another study (manuscript 5) used the WHOQOL-BREF to evaluate the quality of life (QoL) of 174 subjects who considered that alcohol was causing serious problems in their lives and led them to seek specialized treatment. When the SS-Rs between the severity tertiles of alcohol problems were compared, there were significant differences (p = 0.002) in the physical and psychological domains, which were lower in the group with more alcohol-related problems. Furthermore, the increased severity of these patients' problems, especially in the medical and psychiatric areas assessed by the ASI-6 SS-Rs, also showed a negative correlation with the WHOQOL-BREF scores. Based on these findings, it is possible to conclude that the ASI-6 may be included in the set of diagnostic instruments of drug users seeking treatment to help assess their problems and improve the approach and intervention strategies related to the specific needs of this population. Indeed, further psychometric assessment studies involving other samples of psychoactive substance users are needed. The results of this dissertation also suggest that crack users should be better evaluated using the ASI- 6 or other instruments dealing with psychiatric symptoms, especially regarding antisocial behaviors, which are probably related to the high rate of legal, family and social problems of this population. In addition, the final findings indicate that alcoholics who seek treatment should have their psychiatric symptoms assessed and that a decrease in the severity of alcohol-related problems may improve the psychological quality of life of these patients.
3
Wellausen, Rafael Stella. "Avaliação dos fatores associados ao uso de álcool e drogas na criminalidade : um estudo no sistema penitenciário." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/17846.
Full textAbstract:
A presente Dissertação de Mestrado consiste de um capítulo introdutório na qual são apresentados os quatro eixos que formam a estrutura teórica de dois estudos empíricos apresentados em forma de artigos. Os estudos foram realizados no Presídio Central de Porto Alegre e contaram com uma amostra de 50 prisioneiros sem condenação prévia com idades entre 18 e 35 anos. No primeiro estudo foram utilizados dois instrumentos: O Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI) e a Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). Buscou-se verificar a qualidade dos vínculos afetivos entre os presidiários e seus pais, assim como avaliar os principais quadros psiquiátricos que acometem esta população. Para análise dos dados foram realizadas análises estatísticas com o Teste t e o Teste Qui-quadrado. Os resultados desse estudo revelaram a presença de diversos transtornos psiquiátricos e problemas no vínculos afetivos entre pais e filhos. Houve alta incidência de uso/dependência de drogas sendo a maconha e o crack as mais consumidas. Aqueles prisioneiros que apresentavam um Transtorno Antissocial de Personalidade (TASP) também apresentavam fracasso biparental. Independentemente do diagnóstico psiquiátrico os crimes mais freqüentes foram os contra o patrimônio. O segundo estudo procurou investigar a relação entre uso de álcool e drogas e comportamento sexual de risco para HIV/AIDS. Neste estudo o Addiction Severity Index (ASI6) foi o instrumento utilizado para avaliar gravidade de dependência e comportamento sexual. Os resultados indicaram que com o advento do crack houve uma redução no número de usuários de drogas injetáveis (UDI). Apesar disso, foi verificado que o risco para a contaminação com o vírus do HIV ainda é alto entre os prisioneiros. Duas são as possíveis razoes: um descuido geral em relação à saúde, e o sexo ter-se tornado uma moeda de troca por drogas. Ambos os estudos têm relevância uma vez que revelaram aspectos pouco conhecidos sobre a realidade daqueles que se encontram aprisionados.<br>The present Master's Dissertation consists of an introductory chapter in which four axes are presented. They constitute the theoretical structure involving two empirical studies presented in article format. The studies were carried out at the Presídio Central in Porto Alegre. The sample comprised 50 inmates, ranging from 18 to 35 years old. In the first study, two instruments were used: The Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI) and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). It attempted to verify the quality of affective bonds between the inmates and their parents as well as to assess the main psychiatric histories which affected this population. For the data statistical analysis, the t Test and the Chi-square Test were used. The results revealed the presence of several psychiatric disorders and problems involving the affective bonds between parents and their sons. There was a high incidence of the use/dependency of drugs, with marijuana and crack being the most used. Those inmates who presented Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD) also presented biparental failure. Independently from the psychiatric diagnosis, the most frequent crimes are the ones against the patrimony. The second study investigated the relation between the use of drugs and the risky sexual behavior for HIV/AIDS. In this study, the Addiction Severity index (ASI6) was the instrument used to assess the severity of dependency and sexual behavior. The results showed that, with the advent of crack, there was a decrease in the number of injecting drug users (IDU). Nevertheless, it was found that the risk for contamination with the HIV virus is still high among the inmates. There are two possible reasons for this to happen: a general disregard with health and the fact that sex became a certain kind of currency to be exchanged for drugs. Both studies are relevant since they demonstrate some unknown aspects about the reality of those inmates.
4
Milliot, David. "Processus ASEM (Asia-Europe meeting) : vers l'émergence du trans-régionalisme Asie-Europe ?" Paris 10, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA100025.
Full textAbstract:
Les relations euro-asiatiques ont longtemps été marquées par des rapports inégaux. Il faudra attendre la fin du XXe siècle pour voir disparaitre le déséquilibre historique des relations Europe-Asie. Le lancement de l'ASEM (Asia-Europe Meeting) à Bangkok en 1996 a été le symbole le plus marquant de ce rééquilibrage. Sous-tendue par un mode de fonctionnement original, l'ASEM a créé une dynamique de convergence inscrite dans la durée avec la tenue des Sommets biennaux. Toutefois, son mode de fonctionnement ternaire (politique, économique, culturel) révèle certaines lacunes que les mesures adoptées au Sommet de Copenhague (2002) cherchent à combler. L'ASEM est l'histoire d'une double reconquête : la reconquête de la scène internationale par l'Asie tout d'abord. Pour la première fois, un cadre de dialogue et de coopération avec l'Europe s'inspire, dans son mode de fonctionnement, directement des techniques diplomatiques asiatiques. Face à des contraintes internes et externes de plus en plus lourdes, l'ASEAN a perdu son rôle moteur dans le processus. Dans ce contexte, l'ASEM peut jouer un rôle utile comme espace de dialogue complémentaire aux relations inter-régionales (ASEAN-UE), bilatérales et multilatérales. Dans le même temps, le "recyclage" de l'ASEM permet à l'Asie de développer des relations inédites avec d'autres pôles régionaux. Les fonctions du trans-régionalisme de l'ASEM révèlent également une stratégie de reconquête de la scène internationale par les états. Objet non identifié des relations internationales, le trans-régionalisme de l'ASEM peut répondre à plusieurs types d'interprétation. Les relations trans-régionales sont des outils utiles à l'émergence d'un concept de gouvernance mondiale : elles permettent à la fois le renforcement des relations entre pôles régionaux et à la création d'espaces de dialogue transversaux inédits. Le trans-régionalisme de l'ASEM serait-il le lien manquant entre mondialisation et régionalisation ?<br>The launching of the ASEM process in Bangkok in 1996 was the first step towards a global agenda among two equal partners, Asia and Europe. Supported by specific working procedures and biannual summits, ASEM has created a new dynamic between the two regions. From ASEM I in Bangkok (1996) to ASEM IV in Copenhaguen (2002), ASEM has developed a complete new set of methods of fostering political and economic dialogue as well as functional co-operation. Its working, achievements and shortcomings are analysed. But the key question is : what both partners want to achieve through this process ? First, ASEM aims at increasing the profile of Asia and Europe in international relations. But it also underlines a number of functions which help States managing their bilateral, inter-regional and multilateral affairs. The trans-regionalism of ASEM is in fact an important feature of this new process. As a political and diplomatic process, ASEM is to a large extent more influenced by the informal Asian ways of conducting business than the legalistic European approach. The consequences of the ASEM process on Asian regionalism, especially the building-up of an East-Asian Community, are also to be considered. Whereas Southeast Asia is searching ways to consolidate its position in the context of emerging China and the increasing dynamism of the Indian subcontinent, ASEM provides with new linkages. The role of the ASEM process in the international affairs is not meaningless : it has emerged as being a new layer of co-operation and has created a window of opportunity for fostering new types of co-operation between regions in the world. In fact, ASEM has served as a blueprint respectively for Europe and Asia to foster new relations with other regions (Latin America, Africa, Middle East). Hence, it raises the issue of a new global governance in international relations. Will ASEM be the missing link between regionalism and globalization ?
5
Janáková, Zuzana. "Čínska soft power v ázijskom regióne." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-16060.
Full textAbstract:
Within the context of the foreign policy of the People's Republic of China, one hears frequently about Chinese "soft power". This work deals with Chinese soft power in three Asian subregions - Southeast Asia, Japan & South Korea and Central Asia - in order to verify to what extent can soft power be regarded a universal approach in Chinese foreign policy. After introducing the concept of soft power this work is aiming to explain the characteristics of Chinese soft power, define the potentials and limits of Chinese soft power resources and explain how soft power corresponds with China's general strategy of foreign policy. In order to create an image of Chinese soft power in each of the three subregions, I define the key soft power tools according to which I measure Chinese soft power: Bilateral and multilateral diplomacy, promotion of culture and language (mainly through Confucius institutes), education of foreign students at Chinese universities and foreign aid. The rest of work is an analysis of employment of these tools in the respective subregions.
6
Svoboda, Jan. "ASEAN a perspektivy jeho vnější integrace." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-74029.
Full textAbstract:
This paper is focused on an analysis of current regionalism in Asia-Pacific region and on evaluation of creation of relatively wide and relatively deep regional integration. Possible benefits of this integration concept can be exemplified by development of Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) whose member states have substantially different interests due to historic and socioeconomic reasons. However, ASEAN was able to overcome these different interests by a specific integration model which is based on mutual trust, consensual decision-making and gradual changes. As a result, natural suspicions were eliminated to some extent and member states were able to deepen their integration. Main powers in the region noticed its success and they began to strive to develop closer relations not only with ASEAN, but also with other regional powers through ASEAN structure.
7
Zmijanović, Katarina. "Regionalismus v rozvojové Asii." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-75151.
Full textAbstract:
The main goal of the thesis is the analysis of regional integrations in developing Asia and their success. The thesis analyses the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, integrations of China with India, Republic of Korea, and Pakistan, and integrations of India with Republic of Korea and Indonesia.
8
Pešková, Veronika. "Obchodní vztahy EU s asijskými státy." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-124583.
Full textAbstract:
The thesis analyzes trade relations between the European Union and Asian countries. The work includes the characteristics of trade in goods and briefly deals also with foreign direct investments and trade in services. The thesis describes the contractual basis for the mutual relations and estimate their future development.
9
Regent, Kamil. "Ekonomický rozvoj jihoasijských zemí." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-162795.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this work is to verify Rostow's Stages of growth model and the Solow-Swan growth model empirically using statistical data from Asian countries. In the theoretical part ("Teoretická část"), the main characteristics of the Rostow's Stages of growth model and the Solow-Swan growth model are explained. The empirical part ("Empirická část") consists of the empirical verification based on statistical data from a total of 51 Asian countries. This includes 47 independent Asian states, 2 partially recognized states (Palestine and Taiwan) and 2 dependent territories (Hong Kong and Macao). The conclusion is devoted specifically to the People's Republic of China and in particular to the evaluation of its economic development, including efforts to predict future developments in relation to Czech businesses.
10
Revire, Nicolas. "The Enthroned Buddha in Majesty : an Iconological Study." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCA157/document.
Full textAbstract:
Cette thèse étudie en détail un type particulier de représentation du Bouddha où il est représenté assis sur un trône prééminent, le bhadrapīṭha ou bhadrāsana, dans une posture majestueuse avec les deux jambes pendantes, c’est-à-dire assis en bhadrāsana ou dans l’attitude « de bon augure ». Cette iconographie, étroitement associée à l’imagerie du trône, se retrouve largement représentée dans l’art de l’Asie du Sud, de l’Est et du Sud-Est, et est, en règle générale, intimement liée aux modèles de la royauté, de la fertilité, et même du divin. Plusieurs implications notables ressortent de cet examen iconologique concernant les origines, la diffusion, et le développement de l’art bouddhique dans ces contrées, particulièrement au cours du premier millénaire de notre ère<br>This dissertation provides a detailed study of a particular representation of the Buddha, in which he sits on a prominent throne, i.e. a bhadrapīṭha or bhadrāsana, in a majestic posture with two legs pendant, that is, in bhadrāsana or the “auspicious pose.” This pendant-legged imagery, generally associated with the throne, has been found widely depicted in South, East, and Southeast Asian art and is, as a rule, mostly associated with kingship, fertility, and even divinity. The results of this iconological examination have wide implications for understanding the origins, spread, and development of Buddhist art in those lands, particularly during the first millennium CE
11
Konieczná, Ewa. "Politika rozvojové spolupráce EU se zeměmi Jižní a Jihovýchodní Asie." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-85885.
Full textAbstract:
Since the second half of the 20th century in Asia is evident the emergence of the new centers of economic growth. The success of the Asian newly industrialized countries is followed by different in character but also dynamic development of the Asian newly industrialized countries of the second generation. The growing economic powers in Asia as also in global measures are China and India. The importance of these countries in the context of the global economy will be likely to increase. However, these countries face many typical for developing countries constraints of the economic and social development. This paper describes the European Union's approach to development cooperation with the states of South and Southeast Asia, its application, effectiveness, and in particular the importance of modern optimal growth of these countries for the future of the EU in terms of its growth and sustainable development.
12
Petr, Zdeněk. "Dovoz potravin ze států východní Asie." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-205910.
Full textAbstract:
The diploma thesis deals with the issues linked to transport of foodstuffs from East Asia to Europe. The theoretical part contains a comprehensive overview on international trade with foodstuff and food logistics. The practical part is an analysis of transport process of rice between the two regions.
13
Nájera, Rendón Daniel. "Asia Town + Casa Asia Puebla." Thesis, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, 2011. http://catarina.udlap.mx/u_dl_a/tales/documentos/lar/najera_r_d/.
Full text
14
Hojzáková, Věra. "East Asia's Security System." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-162792.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of the master thesis is to characterize and evaluate the current security system in East Asia, to show the security strategies of the system actors and the existing friction points, and to assess the future development of the security system in place. For this purpose the author first defines the East Asia's security system using the conceptual tools of three international relations theories, namely neo-realism, neo-liberalism, and constructivism. In the following section, the security strategies and security issues are discussed. In the final section, the international relations theories are used again to assess the stability of the current security system and lastly the prospects for a change of the system are evaluated.
15
Chhorn, Dina. "Essais sur les liens entre Mondialisation, Inégalité et Pauvreté en Asie." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0145.
Full textAbstract:
La thèse vise à éclairer empiriquement les liens multiples entre mondialisation, inégalités, et pauvreté aux pays asiatiques en portant une attention particulière au Cambodge. Le premier chapitre propose une perspective historique, l'héritage politique du Cambodge et son influence sur la trajectoire d'ouverture, sur l'évolution récente des inégalités, de la pauvreté et plus largement sur les performances macroéconomiques du pays. Le deuxième chapitre se concentre sur la dimension commerciale et étudie les liens entre spécialisations commerciales et inégalités à une échelle plus globale, celle de 52 pays d'Asie et de l'Europe d’Ouest. Le troisième chapitre est centré sur le lien entre ouverture et pauvreté au Cambodge via des données d'enquête appliquée à l'échelle de régions du pays. Le quatrième chapitre souligne l’impact du développement financier sur le développement humain et l’inégalité dans les pays de l’Asie du Sud-Est. Enfin, le cinquième chapitre étudie la relation qui existe entre l'intervention du gouvernement, la qualité des institutions et les inégalités, en s'appuyant sur les données des pays de la région Asie-Pacifique<br>The thesis is to problematize the economics of globalization, inequality and poverty in Asian countries with a focus on Cambodia as well. The first chapter examines with the historical perspective, the political legacy of Cambodia and its influence on the progress of openness, the recent evolution of inequality, poverty and more broadly on the country's macroeconomic performance. The second chapter investigates the link between export diversification, specialization and inequality on a more global scale, that of 52 Asian and Western countries. The third chapter focuses on the link between financial development and poverty in Cambodia, applied across the country through the socio-economic survey data. The fourth chapter investigates the impact of financial development on human development and inequality in the Southeast Asian countries. Finally, the fifth chapter studies the association between the government intervention, institutional quality and inequality with empirical evidence from the Asia-Pacific countries
16
Locatelli, Lauriane. "La toponymie et l'ethnonymie de la Pisidie antique (XIIIe s.a.C. ; début IVe s.p.C.)." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCC014.
Full textAbstract:
La Pisidie, région montagneuse du sud-ouest de l’Asie Mineure, est un véritable conservatoire toponymique de la culture et des langues anatoliennes. Notre thèse porte sur la toponymie et l’ethnonymie de la Pisidie et sur la persistance des langues anatoliennes dans la toponymie de la région. La toponymie et l’ethnonymie nous révèlent l’emprise sur le territoire de chaque peuplement, qu’il s’agisse du peuplement anatolien ou des peuplements exogènes (principalement grecs et romains). En effet, par le choix de la langue utilisée pour créer le nom du lieu ou du peuple, nous en apprenons davantage sur la région. Après avoir réalisé un catalogue des toponymes et des ethnonymes de la Pisidie classés par types et discuté leur origine à l’aide d’arguments linguistiques pour chacun d’entre eux, nous étudions la présence grecque et les colonies romaines en envisageant les dominations successives du point de vue de la toponymie. Plusieurs thèmes sont abordés : la question du contrôle de la région à l’époque hellénistique, les fondations séleucides, ainsi que les colonies romaines fondées par Auguste. Puis, nous nous concentrons sur l’identité des Pisidiens, en étudiant la question de leur origine et des topoi qui leurs sont associés. Les continuités et les ruptures territoriales de la Pisidie sont abordées avant un panorama toponymique présentant un classement linguistique et un classement sémantique des toponymes en fonction du référentiel sémantique (eau, relief, végétation, etc.). L’essentiel des toponymes est descriptif et renvoie à des éléments du paysage<br>Pisidia, a mountainous region in southwestern Asia Minor, is a real toponymic conservatory of Anatolian culture and languages. Our thesis deals with the toponymy and ethnonymy of Pisidia and the persistence of Anatolian languages in the toponymy of the region. Toponymy and ethnonymy reveal the territorial control of each settlement, whether it be Anatolian population or exogenous settlements (mainly Greek and Roman). Indeed, by choosing the language used to create the name of the place or the people, we learn more about the region. After having produced a catalog of toponyms and ethnonyms of the Pisidia classified by types and after having discussed their origin using linguistic arguments for each one, we study the Greek presence and the Roman colonies by considering the successive domination in regard to toponymy. Several themes were discussed : the question of the control of the region during the Hellenistic period, the Seleucid foundations, as well as the Roman colonies founded by Augustus. Then we focus on the identity of the Pisidians, studying the question of their origin and the topoi associated with them. The continuities and territorial cleavage of Pisidia are discussed before a toponymic panorama showing a linguistic classification and a semantic classification of toponyms based on the semantic repository (water, relief, vegetation, etc.). Most of the place names are descriptive and refer to elements of the landscape
17
Maistre, Julie. "Trajectoires : approche prosopographique des explorateurs français de l'Afrique et de l'Asie (1870-1914)." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MON30006/document.
Full textAbstract:
Cette thèse présente l'intérêt d'étudier de façon globale et générale, et non plus parcellaire, le milieu des explorateurs français de la fin du XIXe siècle, pour découvrir plus en profondeur leurs personnalités, leurs motivations, les cursus qui les ont menés à l'exploration, les missions qu'ils ont accomplies, les résultats qu'ils ont obtenus, etc. C’est aussi le moyen d'établir une véritable sociologie historique des explorateurs en abordant ce milieu dans sa totalité et sa complexité, en tenant compte évidemment des plus illustres mais aussi en s'intéressant à ceux dont les noms ont été oubliés, passés sous silence ou peu évoqués. Ce travail permet de mettre en perspective et d'établir des comparaisons entre des explorateurs ayant évolué sur des aires géographiques et à des époques différentes. De plus, ces explorateurs n'auraient pas existé sans soutien, sans réseau, sans l'appui de milieux intellectuels, économiques et financiers, politiques, scientifiques, … Aussi, cette thèse est-elle l’occasion de mettre au jour l'existence de ces réseaux d'influence et d'entreprise coloniale, d'en découvrir les moyens d'action et les ressorts de leur activité. En ce sens, cette étude permet d’appréhender de l'intérieur à la fois les missions de terrain et leurs commanditaires plus ou moins intéressés à l'exploration. En définitive, cette thèse non seulement aide à mieux comprendre ce que l'on appelle le phénomène de la colonisation, par une meilleure connaissance des principaux acteurs, mais encore éclaire une fraction tout à fait originale et mal connue de la société française<br>This thesis presents the interest of studying in a comprehensive and general way, rather than in a fragmented one, the mid of French explorers in the late nineteenth century, to discover more deeply their personalities, motivations, curricula that led them to exploration, the missions they have accomplished, the results they have achieved, etc. This thesis is also the means of establishing a true historical sociology of explorers addressing this environment in its totality and complexity, obviously taking account of the most famous ones but also by focusing on those whose names have been forgotten, ignored or little discussed. This work put into perspective and issues comparisons between explorers who have evolved in various geographic areas and at different periods. Moreover, these explorers would not have existed without support, without network, without support of intellectual, economic and financial, political, scientific connections... This thesis also is the opportunity to uncover the existence of these networks of influence and of colonial enterprise, to discover the means of action and to highlight the means of their business. In this sense, this study makes us understand from the inside both field missions and their sponsors more or less interested in exploration. Overall, this thesis not only helps to better understand what is called the phenomenon of colonization, through a better understanding of the main players, but highlights a completely original fraction and little known of the French society
18
Nicharapova, Jildiz. "L'organisation de coopération de Shanghai : un nouveau mode de coopération ou une nouvelle intégration régionale?" Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM1040.
Full textAbstract:
La question principale de notre travail de recherche est: A quel type d'organisation internationale appartient l'OCS et quels sont ses buts d'existence ? Pourquoi les pays-membres coopèrent-ils au sein de l'Organisation ? Pourquoi coopèrent-ils dans des domaines dont ils ont établi les règles de coopération et sur quelles questions spécifiques ont-ils choisi de répondre ? Quels sont ses règles et les mécanismes de prise de décision, et quels sont sa structure organisationnelle et son mode de fonctionnement ? La deuxième question est : quelles sont ses raisons d'existence, ses buts et ses objectifs? Et la troisième interrogation est quelles sont ses promesses (potentiels) et ses limites ? En se basant sur la « théorie » des organisations internationales, à quel type d'organisation internationale l'OCS peut-elle appartenir ? Une Organisation de coopération ou d'intégration ? On peut se demander quels sont les véritables objectifs d'une telle organisation. Est-ce que l'OCS a pour but de contrebalancer l'Occident ou y a-t-il d'autres raisons à son existence ? Quelles sont ces raisons ? Pour répondre à ces interrogations, deux hypothèses doivent être mises en évidence. Dans la première hypothèse, l'OCS est une organisation de coopération régionale comme beaucoup d'autres organisations régionales déjà existantes (OTAN, OTSC, CEI, etc.) Dans la deuxième hypothèse, l'OCS est une organisation néo-réaliste ou même néo-libérale étant donné que de simple coopération elle se transforme en une organisation d'intégration régionale, qui conduit à l'apparition d'une nouvelle région unique (unifiée) et qui se dirige vers le régionalisme<br>The main question of our research is what kind of international organization is the SCO and what are its reasons for existence? In terms of the theory of international organizations to which type of international organization, the SCO can belong? The Organization of cooperation or integration? One wonders what the real objectives of the organization. Is the SCO aims to counteract the West, or there are other reasons for its existence? What are those reasons? Is it destined to exercise a single regional role in the manner of existing organizations such as CSTO, ECO, CIS, etc..., or does it move into the ranks of a world power? Are the objectives of the existence of this structure is to serve the great powers like Russia and China or it is also to serve to the small countries of Central Asia? Do the member countries have common objectives or individual, selfish? Is the SCO is an instrument of countries to achieve their national interests or they have a common desire to unite and grow together, to be a force in an "unfair" world?To answer these questions, two assumptions should be highlighted.For the first case, the SCO is a regional cooperation organization like many other existing regional organizations (NATO, CSTO, CIS, etc.). The SCO is an instrument of foreign policy of member countries to achieve its objectives joint problem solving as: regional security, economic development and cooperation policyIn the latter case, the SCO is transformed from mere cooperation in the organization of regional integration, which leads to the emergence of a new region (unified) - which moves towards regionalism. To these questions our dissertation is dedicated
19
Asif, Abdul Rahman. "Role of transport systems in cortisol release from human adrenal cells." Doctoral thesis, [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://webdoc.sub.gwdg.de/diss/2004/asif/asif.pdf.
Full text
20
Blanchier, Raphaël. "Les danses mongoles en héritage : performance et transmission du bii biêlgee et de la danse mongole scénique en Mongolie contemporaine." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEP027/document.
Full textAbstract:
Au croisement de l’anthropologie sociale et des arts du spectacle, cette thèse est consacrée à la transmission dans les danses mongoles en Mongolie contemporaine. En abordant l’étude de la performance dansée sous l’angle de la transmission, l’objectif principal de ce travail est de comprendre le rôle des danses dans l’engendrement d’un sentiment d’appartenance national. Dans cette perspective, la Mongolie constitue un terrain d’investigation particulièrement fécond. D’une part le bii bielgee, danse des Oirad (Mongols de l’ouest), inscrit au Patrimoine Culturel Immatériel de l’UNESCO, est intimement associé, par ses évocations mimées, au mode de vie pastoral nomade. D’autre part, la « danse mongole scénique », qui en constitue la version professionnelle, donne à ces représentations stéréotypées une légitimité nationale et internationale. Mon analyse des gestes dansés ainsi que mon enquête sur les institutions, les réseaux et les pratiques de transmission et de performance montrent que l’efficacité des danses mongoles repose moins sur les représentations qu’elles véhiculent que sur les conditions relationnelles de leur performance. Les apprentissages formels et informels que j’ai observés, et auxquels j’ai parfois pu participer, visent moins la formation physique des danseurs que la sélection et la légitimation graduelle de ceux d’entre eux qui font montre d’un « talent » (av’yaas) remarquable à se produire en public. Au cœur des processus de transmission se trouve ainsi la distinction entre danseurs et non-danseurs. Capable, par son art de la performance, de susciter des modalités de participation spécifiques chez les spectateurs, le danseur apparaît alors comme un spécialiste quasi-rituel. Délégué du groupe dont il est l’émanation légitime, il déploie ainsi dans le même acte performatif la mise en danse de la culture mongole et la légitimation de celle-ci comme un des fondements de la « mongolité »<br>Drawing on both social anthropology and performing arts, this thesis deals with the transmission of Mongolian dances in contemporary Mongolia. By studying danced performance from the perspective of transmission, the main purpose of this work is to understand the role dance plays in building up feelings of national belonging. In this regard, Mongolia provides a particularly fruitful field of study. On the one hand, biy biyelgee, the traditional dance of the Oirats (Western Mongols), included on the UNESCO List of Intangible Cultural Heritage, is closely linked to the nomadic pastoral lifestyle by virtue of the mimed gestures it incorporates. On the other hand, what may be called ‘scenic Mongolian dance’, the professionalized version of biy biyelgee, confers national and international legitimacy on these stereotyped representations. My fieldwork study of the institutions, networks and practices underlying the transmission and performance of Mongolian dances shows that their efficacy stems less from the representations they convey than from the relational conditions of their performance. The formal and informal dance training I was able to observe, and sometimes take part in, is oriented less towards the instilling techniques than towards the selection and gradual legitimization of those who exhibit an outstanding ‘talent’ (av’yaas) for performing in public. Indeed, the distinction between dancers and non-dancers lies at the heart of the process of transmission. The dancer, on the strength of his performative abilities, is able to elicit specific modes of participation from the audience, making him/her into a quasi-ritual specialist. As the legitimate emanation of the group which he/she publicly represents, the dancer, in the same performative act, both embodies Mongolian culture through dance and establishes it as a constitutive element of “mongolness”
21
Smetanová, Eva. "Vnější ekonomické vztahy USA na počátku nového tisíciletí: Amerika versus Asie." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-114157.
Full textAbstract:
As long as the states of East Asia can keep the growing rate of their economies, they can become the centre of the world economy in oncoming years. China and India have potetial to become regional superpowers and to dominate the world economy and replace the USA in this position. The USA must not lose their influance in Asia to remain the world superpower and creator of the world order. They need to find allies in Asia, that can help them to become a part of asian regional integrations and have influence on their development. The US goal is to carry through their own trans-pacific integration, that could be basis for Asia-Pacific Free Trade Area. The success of this integration indipends on U.S.-China`s relations and on the way how they will be able to solve their mutual disputes (chinese currency policy, commitments to WTO, chinese indigenous innovation policy etc.).
22
Chaloupková, Jana. "ASEAN - vznik, vývoj a perspektivy Sdružení národů jihovýchodní Asie." Doctoral thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2004. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-1701.
Full textAbstract:
The presented study is an analysis of the regional integration process of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations ASEAN utilizing theories of international relations and integration. The dissertation studies the factors which contributed to its formation, evolution and transformation and the perspectives of its further development. ASEAN was established by virtue of Bangkok Declaration signed on August 8, 1967 among Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand. Subsequently Brunei joined the Association in 1984, Vietnam 1995, Laos and Myanmar 1997 and Cambodia 1999. ASEAN's formation falls within the process of creating of regional organizations after World War II, a period of the biggest development of the institutionalization of the international cooperation. Association was based on relatively free and voluntary cooperation and political declarations. With the end of Cold War and bipolarity, with the defeat of communism and the advent of political and economic reforms in the former socialist bloc ASEAN institutionally strengthened and transformed itself, expanded its membership and the decision to form ASEAN Free Trade Area AFTA in 1992 and the Treaty on the Common Effective Preferential Tariffs shifted Association from the stage of cooperation to integration. ASEAN becomes an international organization (based on international legal agreement with the objectives, principles, internal structure etc.) through the adoption of the Charter in 2008. The Charter is the symbol of the transition process from voluntary cooperation based on political declarations to creation of an intergovernmental organization with international legal personality and legal contractual basis for community building, to strengthen the norms and principles. ASEAN has functioned over 40 years based on personal, very frequent and regular contacts between the key elites (who have significantly contributed to its creation and development), as a grouping of common practice and an emerging common identity. It is a form of intergovernmental cooperation, where member states have exclusive position in the decision process; there are no supranational institutions that would have exclusive powers. ASEAN is the initiator of the development of regionalism in Asia, a considerable number of international structures, inter-and trans-regional contacts, forums and programs. Its activities after the Cold War fall into the framework of the new regionalism The thesis tries to point out possible perspectives for its future path, especially in connection to recently born special cooperation ASEAN+3 (China, Republic of Korea, Japan) and plans for building of East Asian Community (ASEAN+3, Australia, New Zealand, India) and its Free Trade Area. Basic characteristics of ASEAN integration process: it takes place in Southeast Asia, it is a process and a state, it consists of economic, political, security, social and cultural part, the emphasis is on economic affairs, its origin is in the postwar period, the main actors are the states and their elites (from the 90's NGO's, think-tanks and civil society become active creating a broad network of socio-cultural relations and interactions), integration expands by the process of ASEAN +3 and EAS, there is a spillover effect within and outside ASEAN, integration process is gradually evolving from a lower to a higher level. Carried out research has its limitations, since it is impossible to generalize the results and formulate a clear assessment of the large international complex, the information is always limited and the social process is miscellaneous. Well-known is the fact that political elites do not act according to the theories, which they often do not know, but based on their own understanding of reality and interests of individual states, eventually groups of countries. No theory is able to explain fully the evolution of ASEAN, failing to capture reality in its full extent, and thus the prospects for the future are some speculations. From the theoretical examination of ASEAN I elect neofuncionalism, since ASEAN represents a process of empowerment, where elites play a crucial role; they share many values and objectives and contribute to the integration process. The rise of transactions in the regional grouping (trade, communication, exchange of ideas), gradually creates a sense of common identity, elites have closer contacts and their values are complementary. Southeast Asia should occupy an important place in the Czech Republic's foreign policy, taking advantage of traditional contacts with the region. Priority should be given to economic ties and active political involvement in the multilateral framework of ASEM, an important part of political dialogue should be question of human rights.
23
Lothian, Angus, Ivar Härnqvist, Adam Jakobsson, et al. "B-ASIC - Better ASIC Toolbox : En verktygslåda som förenklar design och optimering av ASIC." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-167069.
Full textAbstract:
Denna rapport behandlar ett arbete skriven av åtta studenter som läste kursen TDDD96 Kandidatprojekt i programvaruutveckling vid Linköpings universitet under vårterminen 2020. Projektets syfte var att utveckla en verktygslåda i Python och C++ för att konstruera signalbehandlade kretsar. Denna verktygslåda är tänkt att användas inom laborationer i kursen TSTE87 Applikationsspecfika integrerande kretsar vid Linköpings universitet och inom forskning för utveckling av ASIC:s. Projektet resulterade i produkten B-ASIC. B-ASIC är ett bibliotek för programmeringsspråket Python som är skrivet i Python med en underliggande modul i C++. B-ASIC används för design och optimering av ASIC:s. Produkten B-ASIC erbjuder ett grafiskt användargränssnitt där användaren kan interagera med biblioteket utan programmeringskunskaper inom Python. I rapporten beskrivs hur projektarbetet har anpassats för att vara till värde för kunden och hur utvecklingsprocessen har påverkat resultatet av produkten. Projektmedlemmarna har dessutom genomfört egna undersökningar och dessa finns att läsa i slutet av rapporten.
24
Samaltanos, Andréa. "Catastrophes d' Asie Mineure : au-delà du désastre, aspects d'une crise humanitaire, 1910-1930." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020MON30035.
Full textAbstract:
Le choix du sujet actuel est né d'une recherche interne, d’un descendant de réfugiés qui voulait connaitre et comprendre les conditions et les raisons pour lesquelles l’accueil de ses ancêtres avait ai fait d’une façon si « inélégante », hâtive et sommaire, et tout ça sans ressentir le désir de punir les personnes impliquées.En même temps, c'était aussi la volonté d’étudier si notre société actuelle si organisée et moderne, aurait appris des erreurs du passé et pleine d'expériences ne puisse pas les répéter.Mais la réalité du flux des réfugiés de 2015 a prouvé qu'en fin de compte, une société, peu importe à quel point elle veut paraître prête, avant-gardiste et civilisée, n'est rien d'autre qu'une société belle et ornée, qui n'apprend pas ou ne veut même pas apprendre de ses erreurs, de son histoire, elle apprend simplement à réagir et à enfouir sous le tapis les problèmes qui la préoccupent ou troublent l'image son calme.Dans des circonstances normales, il est impossible pour l'historien de trouver un moyen de faire l'expérience de l'objet de son étude, de vivre la réalité historique et ceci en raison du décalage entre le présent et le passé qu'il étudie.Le flux migratoire qui a débuté en 2015 a été l'occasion pour notre étude de nous faire vivre la triste réalité du sort des réfugies de la période étudiée, avec des images, des mots, des sons, des odeurs.Les réfugiés d'aujourd'hui vivaient les mêmes problèmes de santé, le même traitement social, le même état de réalité et de sous-effort pour les aider, à leur façon « portaient » le même manteau de misère que les réfugiés de notre étude.Un sujet d'étude historique peut-il changer l'image de la société dans laquelle on vit ? Oui, quelque chose qui semble à la fois rare et impossible, mais finalement si vraisemblable, un chercheur peut soudainement voir ses contemporains se transformer en « monstres du passé » qu'il étudie.Il est vrai que le chemin du chercheur est solitaire et demande beaucoup d'efforts et de sacrifices, les obstacles qu'il trouvera devant lui, surtout s'il a une famille et travaille, sont nombreux, en même temps il doit faire face à des problèmes de bureaucratie, de préjugés ou d'hostilité. Bien sûr, aucun État ne veut être blâmer pour les erreurs qu'il a commises dans le passé, en espérant qu'il pourrait gagner son immunité.Cependant, un sujet de thèse peut permettre au chercheur de changer sa perception de sa propre famille, de découvrir ses ancêtres à travers des sources et des archives, enseignant ainsi à ses enfants leur véritable histoire familiale sans mythes historiques internes sans des souvenirs déformés, de sorte que les années de cette recherche et de cette écriture peuvent facilement devenir une quête personnelle du st Graal.La réaction aux problèmes de l'arrivée massive des réfugiés d'Asie Mineure en Grèce étaient-elles la seule que pouvait avoir l'État grec ? Ou était-ce une tentative de dissimuler une ou la réalité après cette arrivée massive ?L'État grec était-il au courant de la situation démographique en Asie Mineure et n'a-t-il pas réagi après la catastrophe, qui a entraîné un écart de bon sens ou a-t-il caché une mauvaise interprétation des données dont il disposait ?<br>The choice of the current subject was born of an internal research, of a descendant of refugees who wanted to know and understand the conditions and the reasons for which the reception of his ancestors had done in a way so "inelegant", hasty. and summary, and all without feeling the desire to punish those involved.At the same time, it was also the will to study whether our present society, so organized and modern, would have learned from the mistakes of the past and full of experiences could not repeat them.But the reality of the 2015 refugee flow proved that at the end of the day a society, no matter how ready, forward-thinking and civilized it wants to appear, is nothing but a beautiful and adorned, who does not learn or does not even want to learn from her mistakes, from her history, she simply learns to react and to bury under the carpet the problems which preoccupy her or disturb the image her calm.Under normal circumstances, it is impossible for the historian to find a way to experience the object of his study, to experience historical reality, and this because of the gap between the present and the past he is studying. .The migratory flow that began in 2015 was an opportunity for our study to make us experience the sad reality of the fate of the refugees of the period studied, with images, words, sounds, smells.he refugees of today experienced the same health problems, the same social treatment, the same state of reality and of under-effort to help them, in their own way “wore” the same cloak of misery as the refugees in our study. .Can a subject of historical study change the image of the society in which we live? Yes, something that seems both rare and impossible, but ultimately so likely, a researcher can suddenly see his contemporaries transform into "monsters from the past" that he studies.It is true that the path of the seeker is lonely and requires a lot of effort and sacrifice, the obstacles that he will find before him, especially if he has a family and works, are numerous, at the same time he must face problems of bureaucracy, prejudice or hostility. Of course, no state wants to be blamed for the mistakes it has made in the past, hoping it could earn its immunity.However, a thesis topic can allow the researcher to change their perception of their own family, to discover their ancestors through sources and archives, thus teaching their children their true family history without internal historical myths without distorted memories, to so that the years of this research and writing can easily become a personal quest for the holy grail.Was the reaction to the problems of the massive arrival of refugees from Asia Minor in Greece the only one the Greek state could have? Or was it an attempt to cover up one or the reality after this massive arrival?Was the Greek state aware of the demographic situation in Asia Minor and did it not react after the disaster, which resulted in a gap in common sense or did it hide a misinterpretation of the data that he had?
25
Surový, Václav. "Postavení Jihovýchodní Asie ve světové ekonomice a problémy jejího ekonomického rozvoje na prahu 21.století." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-10359.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis deals with the current position of Southeast Asia in the world economy. The first part concerns itself with the recent economic development of Southeast Asia. Special emphasis is placed on Asian financial crisis of 1997, which to a great degree influenced the development of the subregion in the following years. The next part focuses on problems of economic development concerning the quality of institutions, integration within ASEAN and socio-natural problems. The last part explains the evolution of relations between the subregion and USA, Japan and China and assesses the current position of Southeast Asia in the world economy on the basis of comparison with other Asian subregions.
26
Becková, Pavlína. "Kulturní odlišnosti v mezinárodních společnostech." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-10412.
Full textAbstract:
My diploma thesis is focused on the culture, interculture comminication and cultural differences, especially in south-east Asia - with focus on Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore. I made my own research on the perception of cultural differences. The target group was young people from the whole World, who are working in south-east Asia. At the end of my thesis I am combining the knowledge I got from the research and the theoretical part.
27
Brožová, Jana. "Energetický potenciál zemí Středoasijského regionu." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-11990.
Full textAbstract:
The diploma thesis called Energy Potential of Central Asia aims to assess the potential of this region as a supplier of resources of energy. In the first part the basic trends in the area of consumption and production of energy resources are summarized. In the second part the countries of Central Asia region disposing of extensive oil and gas reserves are briefly introduced. The third part describes in detail the oil and gas reserves, firstly considering the whole world and secondly for each of the countries independently. The fourth part describes the options of transport of the energy supplies from Central Asia to consumers' markets in Western Europe, China and India. The last part deals shortly with characterization of approach of the major world and regional powers to this area.
28
Pavlíček, Jiří. "Význam mikrofinancování pro rozvoj ve střední Asii." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-197272.
Full textAbstract:
Diploma thesis aims at analysing impacts of microfinance on economimies of particular countries in Central Asia region. Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Kazakhstan were chosen for the analysis. First part of the thesis characterizes socioeconomic development and situation in selected countries. Second part of the thesis analyses specific form of microfinance and governments' attitude to this area of financial sector. The last part of the thesis compares impacts of microfinance on chosen economies with each other. It also deals with comparation of microfinance system in Central Asia and vision of Muhammad Yunus, pioneer of modern microfinance.
29
Chyšková, Kateřina. "Ekonomický rozvoj jihoasijských zemí." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-359620.
Full textAbstract:
Aim of this thesis is to empirically verify the validity of Rostows Stages of economic growth model and Solow-Swan model of economic growth realized by using statistical data South Asian countries reported. Theoretical part is devoted to characteristics of the growth models, explaining the assumptions theories work with and defining their origins and possible limitations. Practical part is focused on the analysis of statistical outputs newly industrialized Asian countries (Asian Tigers). The choice of selected data for analysis is justified. The data are further evaluated against expectations out of the Rostows and Solows theory of economic growth. The appropriateness of the growth models with regard to the territories is also evaluated.
30
Trinh, Quoc dat. "La structure du capital dans les marchés émergents d Asie : d'une étude sur le Vietnam à une étude élargie à douze pays." Thesis, Lille 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL20023.
Full textAbstract:
La thèse étudie les comportements en matière de structure de capital dans les pays en voie de développement d'Asie. Elle débute avec le cas du Vietnam qui prouve que l'objectif à long terme de ratio d'endettement existe dans le marché Vietnamien tandis que la Pecking Order Theory ne semble pas lui être applicable. Au Vietnam, tant les entreprises privées que publiques s'ajustent rapidement aux niveauxoptimaux d'endettement. La thèse élargit ensuite l'étude en prenant en compte les effets de la concentration bancaire et ceux de la liberté économique dans douze pays émergents d'Asie. Elle décrit une relation négative entre la concentration bancaire et l'endettement dans l'Asie émergente et confirme que ce signe corrélé change à un seuil donné. L'étude trouve aussi des effets significatifs directs etindirects de la concentration bancaire et de la liberté économique sur la dette. Enfin, l'article suggère que le déficit de dette et la fenêtre d'opportunités affectent sensiblement les décisions de financement des entreprises en Asie émergente. Il apporte des preuves qui démontre la domination de l'émission de titres de créances sur tout autre mode de financement en Asie émergente et cette domination s'accroit après la crise financière<br>Case and find the results proving that the long-run target debt ratio does exist in the Vietnamese market while the pecking order theory seems not be applicable in Vietnam market. In addition, both Vietnamese private firms and state-owned firms rapidly adjust to their optimal levels of debt. The thesis continues toextend the study by considering the effects of bank concentration and economic freedom effects on debt in 12 developing countries in Asia. It describes a negative relationship between bank concentration and leverage in Asian developing countries and confirms that this correlated sign changes at a given threshold level. It also finds significant direct and indirect effects of bank concentration and economicfreedom on debt. Finally, the paper suggests that the debt deficit and window of opportunities significantly affect firms’ financing decisions in developing Asia. It provides evidence which indicates that pure debt issuance is dominant compared to other financing choices in Asian developing countries, and this dominance becomes more significant after the financial crisis
31
Zalánová, Zuzana. "Tulip Revolution: Expectations versus Reality." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-85930.
Full textAbstract:
The dissertation deals with the phenomenon of hybrid regimes, specifically applied to the case of Kyrgyzstan. The main emphasis is placed on the 2005 Tulip Revolution and the regime of Kurmanbek Bakiyev installed by this event. Applying the theoretical concepts of hybrid regimes and regime change, the dissertation verifies the hypothesis that Kyrgyzstan's post-2005 political system retained its hybrid character and kept being neither a democracy nor an authoritarian regime. In this light, the Tulip Revolution brought about only a change of the leadership (as usual in coups d'état), not regime change (as might have been ushered by a democratic revolution).
32
Maierová, Věra. "Význam obchodních komor pro český zahraniční obchod." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-191558.
Full textAbstract:
The thesis focuses on the chambers of commerce and other institutions to support foreign trade of the Czech Republic. It analyses the effect of the Chamber of Commerce, ICC and other state institutions to promote exports. The main topic of this thesis are territorial Chambers of Commerce in the Czech Republic, their function and effect on foreign trade. The second part of the thesis concentrates on the possible way how to increase trade with countries in the region of Asia.
33
Iyer, Arun. "Regional Integration in South Asia (Based on SAARC)." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-191993.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of the thesis was to show the weakness of SAARC right from its origins as well as a great flaw in the making of the charter which excluded the notion of security as well as "bilateral" and "contentious" issues to be discussed in the organization. South Asia has for long been an area prone to violence and mistrust and the exclusion of elements of vital importance has further added to the weakness of SAARC. In the following work I will portray the dynamics and working of the region of SAARC as well as individual countries on how it affects the region as a whole and also why SAARC continues to be a toothless organization in-spite knowing the origin of the problem and why nothing is being done. Also, with the case study of India and Pakistan, it shows us that when two nations of totally opposite ideologies and bloody beginnings since independence exist within the region, the idea of integration is a far fetched dream.
34
Rusnoková, Kateřina. "Vývoj Indie a její postavení v regionální a světové ekonomice." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-193679.
Full textAbstract:
The thesis is dedicated to the position of India in the regional and world economy and to its future expectations. The fist chapter characterises India from the historical, geografical, demografical and political point of view. The second chapter is dedicated to the economic characteristics of India; to its structure as well as to its basic macroeconomic indicators. The last chapter summarises India's positive and negative features and points out future development of India, which is resulting from the predictions of IMF and World Bank and the evaluation of the previous analysis.
35
Le, Hung. "Podnikatelský záměr "Import z Asie"." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-223170.
Full textAbstract:
This master thesis focuses on the business plan for a new start-up firm, which will provide services in the sphere of international trade. It contains the basic information of creation of the business plan. Next are analyses of macro and micro environment of business in Czech Republic. Based on the analysis results is the worked business plan.
36
Spaiser, Olga A. "Exercising influence in a challenging geopolitical environment : the EU’s 'Far Neighborhood’ policy in Central Asia." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015IEPP0021.
Full textAbstract:
En s’appuyant sur le cas d’Asie centrale, cette thèse a pour ambition de comprendre les principes, les mécanismes et le fondement du processus de la politique étrangère européenne actuelle par lesquels l’Union européenne s’efforce de construire une politique de « grand voisinage ». L’objectif central est de savoir si l’Union est en mesure de construire des relations stables et cohérentes avec un espace stratégique et dans un environnement géopolitique complexe, audelà de sa politique européenne de voisinage. Il s’agit donc d’un cas d’étude sur le savoirfaire de l’Europe dans le monde. Notre étude a montré que l'UE essaie d'exercer son influence en prenant un rôle de « consultant ». Elle se présente comme un acteur inoffensif qui agit en dehors de tout enjeu géopolitique et qui offre son expertise. Ainsi, elle prend consciemment la position d'un acteur de second rang. Cependant, nous avons argumenté que sa vision de la région ainsi que son approche sont tout à fait de nature géopolitique, ce que l’UE dénie pourtant. Quant à son influence réelle, elle est limitée notamment en ce qui concerne sa politique normative (promotion de droits de l’homme, et d’état de droit). Bien que l'UE ne soit pas en mesure de rivaliser avec les autres acteurs dans la région (Russie, Chine), elle a pourtant des avantages comparatifs: elle est perçue comme inoffensive et occupe les domaines de sécurité qui sont négligés par les autres acteurs (la gouvernance, les conflits liés à l’eau et la gestion des frontières), jouant ainsi, certes d’acteur indispensable<br>Central Asia is a region beyond the EU’s direct neighborhood and thus an area that allows the EU to demonstrate its desire to enter the global political stage where it needs to cope with other great powers and to pursue its own strategic interests. However, the Central Asian republics have shown little interest for European transition assistance and political norms, unlike other postcommunist countries in Europe’s orbit. Hence, the central question of our study was thus: How does the EU exert influence in such a challenging geopolitical context? Our empirical results suggest that the EU tries to exert influence in such environment by consciously taking the position of a secondtier actor who acts as a “consultant”, rather than a power, and whose influence is confined to niche domains in the security sphere. The EU is eager to project a picture of itself as an honest broker with no geopolitical agenda in order to enhance its legitimacy; however, its vision of Central Asia being its ‘far neighborhood’ and the related approach unveils the geopolitical nature of its policies through which the EU tries to shape its close and wider environment. However, the EU struggles to put into effect its normative agenda beyond the EU’s direct neighborhood where other normative actors’ influence (Russia, China) exceeds that of the EU. The EU is not a great power in the region that is capable of competing with other external actors. Nor it is willing to become one. It does, however, have comparative advantages in being perceived as inoffensive and for occupying areas that are neglected by the other actors, thus playing the role of a niche actor, albeit an indispensable one
37
Cayre, Emilie. "La monumentalisation des portes et accès en Asie Mineure à l'époque romaine." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR30041.
Full textAbstract:
Cette thèse a pour objet l'architecture de passage qui ponctuait le parcours d'un visiteur ou d'un citoyen au sein du paysage urbain micrasiatique : propylées, portes urbaines et arcs sur rue. Notre travail portait sur les cités d'Asie Mineure, sans cadre géographique restrictif, afin d'obtenir une vision globale du phénomène étudié. L'étude a été partagée en deux grands ensembles : les propylées d'un côté et les portes urbaines et arcs sur rue d'un autre. Les propylées constituaient les entrées monumentales de sanctuaires, agoras, gymnases et bouleutérions. Notre étude comprend les propylées depuis l'époque classique jusqu'à l'époque romaine. Les propylées classiques constituaient essentiellement les entrées monumentales des grands sanctuaires-terrasses hécatomnides de Carie. A l'époque hellénistique, les propylées se sont multipliés et se trouvaient désormais en contextes cultuels et profanes. Les propylées romains représentaient pour la plupart des entrées monumentales rajoutées à des complexes préexistants, peu appartenaient à un nouveau complexe. Nous trouvons des propylées qui reprenaient des formules de l'époque hellénistique, des propylées à façade monumentale édiculée, des propylées qui adoptaient la forme de l'arc romain et enfin des propylées qui reprenaient la forme des salles impériales. Les portes urbaines totalement dépourvues de tout caractère défensif se sont développées grâce au climat de sécurité de la Pax Romana. Elles marquaient la séparation entre l'intérieur et l'extérieur de la ville, constituaient un véritable repère topographique et, comme la première image que le visiteur avait de la ville, elles annonçaient la splendeur de la ville et projetaient la valeur de l'urbanistas. Ces portes urbaines étaient soit de nouvelles portes insérées dans les anciens remparts, soit libres de tout rempart, soit un réaménagement des anciennes portes. Les arcs sur rue étaient construits sur une rue à colonnades ou à un carrefour pour des raisons urbanistiques et organiques et esthétiques. Tout en embellissant un parcours, ils ponctuaient et articulaient celui-ci et servaient aussi de points de repère. Leurs façades, richement décorées, participaient à l'embellissement et à l'animation des paysages urbains. Ces arcs apparaissaient comme une composante d'un programme urbanistique. Certains arcs étaient honorifiques ou commémoratifs. A l'époque romaine, l'architecture de passage reflétait les changements de la vie politique et de la structure sociale. L'autoreprésentation, la propagande impériale et la vive concurrence entre les cités vont jouer un rôle important dans la conception de ces monuments. Leur richesse et leur magnificence devaient impressionner les visiteurs et donc augmenter l'image reflétée par la cité de sa puissance et de sa gloire.Ils participaient donc à l'ornementation de la cité<br>This thesis deals with the architecture of passage that punctuate the course of a visitor or a citizen in the urban landscape of Asia Minor : propylaea, city-gates and arches on street. Our work focused on the cities of Asia Minor with no geographical limits in order to provide an overall view of the phenomenon. This study was divided into two major groups : the propylaea on the one hand and city-gates and arches on street on the other hand. The propylaea were the monumental entrances to shrines, agorai, gymnasiums and bouleuteria. Our study includes the propylaea from the classical period to the Roman era. Classical propylaea were mainly the monumental entrances to the major hecatomnid's shrines-terraces of Caria. In the Hellenistic period, the propylaea multiplied and tuned into religious and secular backgrounds. Most Roman propylaea made up monumental entrances added to existing complexes, few being part of a new one. We find some propylaea that went back over formulas of the Hellenistic period, others with monumental edicular façade, those in the form of the a Roman arch and finally the propylaea reproducing the form of "Marmorsaal". City-gates, that were completely devoid of any defensive features, developed in the peaceful period of the Pax Romana. They marked the boundary between the inside and the outside of the city, were a real topographical landmark and, as the first glimpse of the city for the visitors, heralded its splendor and highlighted the value of the urbanitas. These city-gates were either new city-gates inserted into the ancient city-walls, free of any city-walls, or old city-gates rearranged. The street arches were built on a colonnaded street or at a crossroads for urban, organic and aesthetic reasons. While beautifying a course, they structured and punctuated it as well as serving as landmarks. Their richly decorated facades participated in the beautification and animation of the urban landscape. These arches appear as a component of an urban program. Some of them were honorific or commemorative. In Roman times, the architecture of passage reflected changes in the political life and social structure. The self-representation, the imperial propaganda and the fierce competition between cities would play a major part in the designing of these monuments. Their richness and splendor must have impressed visitors and thus enhanced the city's power and glory picture. They participated in its ornamentation
38
Creighton, Chie-wei Eve, and 林綺薇. "MTV Asia headquarters." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31982645.
Full text
39
Creighton, Chie-wei Eve. "MTV Asia headquarters." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25951361.
Full text
40
Fukasawa, Masahiko. ""Keiretsu" in Asia." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/12625.
Full text
41
Roy, Sylvain. "Le rubâb afghani, étude historique, musicologique et organologique d'un luth d'Asie Centrale." Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100154.
Full textAbstract:
La présente thèse porte sur la circulation du rubâb afghan en Asie Centrale et en Occident. Elle s'inscrit dans une perspective anthropologique et historique dont l'objet est de rendre compte de l'évolution organologique et typologique de l'instrument, dans différents pays où il est pratiqué. L'accent est mis sur la genèse de ce luth à table en parchemin, notamment à partir d'analyses comparatives de la morphologie des différents rubâbs centrasiatiques. Grâce à des modélisations et une approche expérimentale innovante, on a examiné les relations structurelles et typologiques entre cet instrument et les autres rubâbs ou luths similaires. On a ainsi pu constater qu’il n’y a aucune filiation entre ces instruments et le rubâb afghan. Un examen approfondi de certaines vièles de ces régions met en évidence des similitudes frappantes avec l’instrument. On a tenté d'apporter une réponse quant à une éventuelle parenté de la vièle jusqu'au luth, hypothèse qui est également envisagée sous l'éclairage de données historiques, philologiques et organologiques. L'analyse comparative des différents instruments repose sur une abondante source iconographique, accompagné de modélisations et d'expérimentations organologiques. Cette recherche souligne les différents types de rubâb afghan, mises en relation avec les exigences des différents répertoires où ils sont utilisés. Enfin on a abordé la pratique du rubâb afghan en Occident, ce qui pose la question des nouveaux moyens mis en œuvre pour assurer une transmission du savoir et des savoir-faire, en l'absence de contact direct ou suivi avec un maître<br>This thesis focuses on the diffusion of the Afghan rubâb in Central Asia as well as in the occidental Western countries. It is part of an anthropological and historical perspective, which tends account the organological and typological evolution of the instrument in the different countries where it is practiced. The emphasis is placed on the genesis of the parchment sounding board lute, in particular through morphological comparative analyses of various rubâbs bodies from Central Asia. Thanks to the modelings and an innovative and experimental approach we examined the structural and typological relationships between this instrument and other rubâbs or similar lutes. It has thus been found that there is no filiation between these instruments and the Afghan rubâb. A closer look at some of the bowed lutes from these areas highlights striking similarities with the Afghan rubâb. An attempt has been made to answer the question of a possible relationship between one bowed lute and the Afghan rubâb, a hypothesis which is also considered in the light of historical, philological and organological data. The comparative analysis of the various instruments is based on an abundant iconographic source, accompanied by modeling and organological experiments. This research results in a typology of the Afghan rubâbs, in relation with the requirements of the different repertoires where they are used. Finally, the practice of rubâb in the West has been discussed, under the question of the new means used to ensure the transmission of knowledge and know-how with the absence of direct contact with or follow-up with a master
42
Ravel, Anthony. "Origine et radiation des chiroptères modernes : implication des faunes paléogènes d’Afrique du Nord et d'Asie du Sud." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON20200/document.
Full textAbstract:
Dans la nature actuelle, l'ordre Chiroptera constitue l'un des groupes de mammifères placentaires les plus diversifié. La particularité des chiroptères réside dans leur capacité au vol actif et à l'écholocation, deux adaptations clés qui prédisposent ces mammifères à la migration et à la colonisation de niches écologiques exclusives. La radiation initiale, dite « explosive », des chiroptères implique un ensemble de familles primitives éocènes retrouvées sur tous les continents excepté l'Antarctique. De manière quasi synchrone, plusieurs représentants appartenant aux deux principaux groupes de chiroptères actuels (c.-à-d., Rhinolophoidea et Vespertilionoidea) sont attestés dans l'Éocène inférieur terminal – Éocène moyen basal de Tunisie (Chambi). La rareté du matériel fossile pour les chiroptères paléogènes soulève de nombreuses questions sur les modalités évolutives de la radiation et de la dispersion des premières formes modernes. Cette étude intègre des faunes inédites de chiroptères fossiles issues de plusieurs campagnes de terrain réalisées en Afrique du Nord et en Asie du Sud. Il s'agit de localités fossilifères datées de l'Éocène inférieur et moyen de Tunisie (Chambi), d'Algérie (El Kohol et Glib Zegdou), et de Chine (Shanghuang). Les différentes analyses systématiques et cladistiques réalisées sur le matériel fossile, essentiellement constitué de dents isolées, ont permis d'apporter de nombreux éclaircissements sur les modalités évolutives qui ont défini la radiation des premiers microchiroptères modernes. Ces nouvelles faunes ont révélé pas moins de sept familles modernes (Rhinolophidae, Rhinopomatidae, Hipposideridae, Necromantidae, Emballonuridae, Nycteridae, Philisidae et Vespertilionidae) ainsi qu'une forme primitive, le plus ancien chiroptère d'Afrique, provenant de l'Éocène inférieur d'Algérie (El Kohol). Une approche phylogénétique met en évidence deux axes majeures de dispersions de ces chiroptères qui ont pris place durant l'Éocène moyen : une phase Est-Ouest depuis l'Asie de l'Est jusqu'en Europe, et une phase Nord-Sud depuis l'Afrique du Nord jusqu'en Europe. L'étude de la morphologie dentaire de chacune des espèces étudiées, de leur taille estimée et de la taphonomie des sites fossilifères a permis de mieux cerner le contexte paléoécologique de ces chiroptères paléogènes. Dans des conditions paléoclimatiques tropicales ou subtropicales favorables à la prolifération d'insectes, les microchiroptères, pour la plupart insectivores, avaient à disposition une ressource abondante. Mais une telle richesse spécifique, parfois très localisée comme à Chambi, devait également entrainer une forte compétition interspécifique qui a probablement été un facteur déterminant dans les événements de radiation et de dispersion<br>In nature today, the order Chiroptera is one of the most diversified placental mammalian groups. The particularity of bats is their ability to fly and to echolocate, two key adaptations which allow them to migrate over long distances and to colonize exclusive ecological niches. The initial radiation of bat, described as explosive, involves primitive Eocene families that are found in all continents except Antarctica. Almost simultaneously, several representatives of the two main modern groups of chiroptera (i.e., Rhinolophoidea and Vespertilionoidea) occur in the late Early – early Middle Eocene of Tunisia (Chambi). The scarcity of fossil material for Paleogene bats raises many questions about the early evolutionary history of modern forms. This study incorporates new bat fossil faunas from several fieldwork campaigns in North Africa and South Asia. The fossiliferous localities include those of the Early – Middle Eocene of Tunisia (Chambi), Algeria (El Kohol and Glib Zegdou), and China (Shanghuang). Different systematic and cladistic analyses, carried out on fossil material principally made up of isolated teeth, allow us to highlight the modalities of the radiation of the first modern microbats. These new faunas reveal seven modern families of bats (Rhinolophidae, Rhinopomatidae, Hipposideridae, Necromantidae, Emballonuridae, Nycteridae, Philisidae and Vespertilionidae) and also a primitive form from the Early Eocene of El Kohol that is the oldest representative of the order in Africa. A phylogenetic approach highlights two major axes of dispersion that took place during the Middle Eocene: one East-West from East Asia towards Europe, the second one North-South from North Africa to Europe. The study of dental morphology, size and taphonomy provide us with a better grasp on the paleoecological context of these modern Paleogene microbats. The tropical or subtropical paleoclimatic conditions probably favoured the proliferation of insects that constituted an abundant resource for mostly insectivorous bats. But such richness, sometimes very localized as in Chambi, would also have led to strong interspecific competition, which was probably an important factor for the events of radiation and dispersion
43
Yang, Wei. "L'évolution tectonique des chaînes du Tian Shan et Kunlun Shan occidentale contrainte par analyses magnétostratigraphiques et thermochronologiques." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN1S029/document.
Full textAbstract:
Deux questions scientifiques critiques sont adressées dans cette thèse présentées comme suit. ( 1 ) L’évolution mésozoïque du bassin d’avant-pays dans les piémonts nord et sud du Tian Shan. ( 2 ) L’évolution au Cénozoïque précoce du soulèvement du Tian Shan. Dans le chapitre 1, l'évolution du nord Tian Shan est étudiée par datation U/Pb (LA- ICP-MS) de zircons détritiques sur 14 échantillons de grès d'une série continue d’âge fin Paléozoïque à Quaternaire dans la marge sud du bassin de Junggar (région de Manasi). Dans le chapitre 2, l'évolution encore mal contrainte entre le Mésozoïque et le début du Cénozoïque de la marge sud-ouest du Tian Shan est étudiée en utilisant les datations U/Pb ( LA- ICP-MS ) sur zircons détritiques et les traces de fission sur apatites détritiques. Dans le chapitre 3, nous présentons une étude magnétostratigraphique détaillée de la zone Ulugqat au sud-ouest du Tian Shan, dans le but d'améliorer la compréhension de son soulèvement et de l'histoire de la déformation de la région au cours du Cénozoïque. Ce travail à permis de montrer que l'érosion du paléo-Tian Shan commencée au Trias moyen s’est traduite par le pénéplanation générale au Mésozoïque du Tian Shan qui était dominé par un système de drainage large pendant une longue période de quiescence tectonique. Le piémont nord du Tian Shan était caractérisé par un bassin en subsidence thermique post- extensive avec peu d'activité tectonique, et le piémont sud a également connu un aplanissement général de la topographie. Au cours du début du Jurassique, du Crétacé inférieur et du Crétacé supérieur, trois inversions tectoniques mineures sont identifiées avec des ajustements du bassin d’avant-pays du Tian Shan. Ces inversions peuvent correspondre respectivement à l’accrétion des terrains Cimmérien, de Lhassa, et du Kohistan-Dras à la limite sud de la plaque eurasienne. Les données U-Pb sur zircons détritiques et les données traces de fission sur apatite indiquent une première réorganisation du bassin à la fin du Crétacé – début du tertiaire, contemporaine d’une réactivation de l’érosion le long du piémont sud du Tian Shan. Nous avons interprété cette réactivation fin Crétacé – début Paléogène du Tian Shan sud à la réponse initiale des effets lointains de la collision Inde-Eurasie. Pendant le reste du Cénozoïque, la principale réactivation du Tian Shan est initiée fin Oligocène – début Miocène. Cela est attesté dans le piémont nord du Tian Shan par nos données U-Pb sur zircons détritiques et dans le piémont sud du Tian Shan par les données traces de fission sur apatite suggérant des chevauchements entre 18 et 16 Ma, par les résultats magnétostratigraphiques révélant une importante lacune de sédimentation oligocène ainsi que l’augmentation des taux d’accumulation à ~ 18.5 Ma<br>Two critical scientific issues are adressed in the présent thesis as follows. (1) Mesozoic basin-range relationship in the northern and southern piedmonts of the Tian Shan. (2) Spatio-temporal differences in the Early Cenozoic uplift of the Tian Shan. In chapter 1, the évolution of the northern Tian Shan is investigated through U/Pb (LA-ICP-MS) dating of detrital zircons from 14 sandstone samples from a continuous series ranging in age from latest Palaeozoic to Quaternary in the southern margin of the Junggar Basin (Manasi area). In chapter 2, the still poorly constrained Mezosoic to early Cenozoic evolution of the southwestern Tian Shan piedmont is investigated using U/Pb (LA-ICP-MS) dating of detrital zircons and fission track analysis on detrital apatites. In chapter 3, we present a detailed magnetostratigraphic study from the Ulugqat area in piedmont of the Southwest Tian Shan, in order to improve understanding of the uplift and deformation history of the Southwest Tian Shan during the Cenozoic. This work enabled to show that erosion of the Paleo-Tian Shan initiated in the Middle Triassic results in the general peneplanation of the Mesozoic Tian Shan dominated by a wide drainage system and long-lasting tectonic quiescence. The northern piedmont of the Tian Shan was characterized by a post-extensional thermally subsiding basin without much tectonic activity, and the southern piedmont also experienced a general flattening of topography. During the Early Jurassic, Early Cretaceous and Late Cretaceous, three identified minor tectonic inversions and adjustments of basin-range pattern in the Tian Shan, may potentially correspond respectively to the accretions of Cimmerian, Lhasa, and Kohistan-Dras in the southern margin of the Eurasian plate. Detrital zircon U-Pb and apatite fission-track data indicate an initial late Cretaceous – Early Tertiary basin reorganization and coeval renewed erosion along the southern Tian Shan piedmont. We interpreted this late Cretacesou to Paleogene activity in STS as the initial response of the distant effects of India-Eurasia collision as previously argued. During the Late Cenozoic, the major reactivation of the Tian Shan initiated around the Late Oligocene-Early Miocene times. This is evidenced mainly from the detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology in the northern piedmont of the Tian Shan, the apatite fission-track data suggesting a possible activation of the Talas Fergana Fault between 18 and 16 Ma, the major Oligocene depositional hiatus and conspicuous increase in accumulation rates at ~ 18.5 Ma revealed by the magnetostratigraphic results in the southern piedmont of the Tian Shan
44
Gitton, Yangarick. "L' APEC (Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation) et les règles du droit international économique dans la région Asie-Pacifique : un modèle pour la coopération au XXIe siècle?" Paris 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA010283.
Full textAbstract:
Transposition juridique des proximités économiques entre les Etats bordant le pacifique, l'APEC s'ajoute à de nombreux dispositifs régionaux. En tant qu'espace institutionnel, son intérêt est incontestable car elle n'a pas d'équivalent à une si vaste échelle. Sa structure permet de mettre en œuvre les fonctions juridiques et diplomatiques rendues nécessaires par l'adoption d'un objectif de libre échange d'ici 2010/2020. En revanche, en tant que système normatif, la situation son apport plus incertain. D'une part, l'informalisme de ses outils rend difficile l'évaluation de leur rôle dans les transformations survenues dans les régimes juridiques des Etats membres durant cette dernière décennie. Ensuite, vis à vis des règles et des organismes de coopération existants en matière économique, l'APEC, semble se situer dans une position secondaire voire accessoire. Cette étude doit être replacée dans le contexte d'une recherche d'un modèle de coopération adapté au nouvel environnement international constitué de coopérations interrégionales sans cohérence politique ni homogénéité économique. En effet les modèles actuels, qu'ils reposent sur une logique conventionnelle (Accords OMC, UE/APC, UE/MERCOSUR et euro méditerranéens, accord de libre échange des Amériques) ou sur une logique institutionnelle (Communauté européenne), ne semblent pas des alternatives pertinentes. L'analyse des particularités de fonctionnement de l'APEC, fondé sur des initiatives unilatérales orientées, institutionnalisées et coordonnées présente dès lors un intérêt dépassant la seule région.
45
Goubin, Yann. "Les monuments publics en Asie Mineure à l’époque flavienne." Thesis, Paris 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA040044.
Full textAbstract:
Notre étude porte sur les monuments publics réalisés en Asie Mineure sous les Flaviens (69/96 ap. J.-C.). Nos recherches ont permis de réfléchir sur le rôle des différents intervenants impliqués dans les projets et à mettre en lumière les traces de leur activité. Bien que rares, les sources textuelles, comme les dédicaces, apportent de nombreuses informations sur les évèrgètes et nous offrent parfois certains détails sur les coopérations entre les commanditaires, les épimélètes et l’administration impériale. L’étude détaillée des éléments architectoniques,en révélant des tours de mains, nous a permis d’aborder la question des structures des ateliers micrasiatiques et de proposer, pour certains, leur parcours sur les différents chantiers du dernier quart du 1e s. ap. J.-C. Cette étude s’est associée à celle des techniques de réalisation des blocs, mettant en évidence l’effort conséquent de standardisation mis en place en Asie Mineure, et plus particulièrement à Ephèse sous Domitien. Nous nous sommes également penché sur la question de la réception et de la diffusion des modèles de décor et avons mis en évidence l’influence contrastée de Rome sur les créations flaviennes micrasiatiques, en raison de la présence de traditions culturelles fortes dans cette région. Ainsi, des créations endogènes, certes limitées, montrent que des artisans locaux ont été capables d’innover, bien souvent en reformulant d’anciens modèles hellénistiques.Enfin nos recherches ont conduit à mettre en évidence l’attrait tout particulier des monuments des eaux en Asie Mineure, à travers les nombreuses réalisations balnéaires sous Vespasien en Lycie ou l’élaboration de fontaines monumentales dans la province d’Asie sous Domitien<br>Our study handles the question of public buildings built in Asia Minor during the flavian Period (69/96 A.D.).Our researches led us to have a reflection about the different people intervening in the projects and to showsome traces of their activity. Even if they are rare, the textual sources, such as dedications, bring manyinformations about the evergetes, and offer some details on the cooperation between the patrons, the curatorsand the imperial administration. The detailed study of the architectural elements, revealing some productionskills, allowed us to have a reflection about the structure of workshops in Asia Minor and led us to offer, insome case, a view of their course between different buildings sites of the end of the first century A.D. Thisstudy naturally got associated with others handling the question of block construction, showing the importanteffort developed to achieve standardisation in Asia Minor, and more specifically at Ephesus under Domitian.We also studied the reception and spreading of setting models and showed the contrasted influence of Rome onthe flavian creations in Anatolia, because of the presence of strong cultural traditions in this country. Thus,limited endogenous creations show that local craftsmen were able to innovate, often using basis of ancienthellenistics models. Finally our study lead us to enhance the particular attraction for water buildings in AsiaMinor, through the many bathing facilities built under Vespasian in Lycia or the development of monumentalfountains in Asia under Domitian
46
Šedý, Petr. "Investiční činnost na asijském trhu se sportovními událostmi." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-150027.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis was written in order to introduce relatively unknown investment activity. It shows basic principles of value betting and investment technique called "Asian handicap" which is used by the most of successful investors. These activities take place on Asian markets, that is why I describe processes and rules which are used there. The reader will be shown how professional analyst calculates his own fair odds. This is very important for his decision-making about investments. The practical part of the thesis covers activities of analysts during short (one week) and long (one year) period. Everything was registered, commented and put into context with theoretical facts. Results were evaluated too. This thesis offers different view on the activity which changed from pure gamble into new investment option.
47
Burdová, Markéta. "Cestovní ruch ve světě: asijská expanze." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-192538.
Full textAbstract:
This Master's thesis describes the development and current situation of tourism in each of the world's regions. It focuses mainly on the Asia-Pacific region as this region experiences an unprecedented growth both economic and also of international tourist arrivals. Each region is described according to the official division of world's regions by the United Nations World Tourism Organization UNWTO. The Asia-Pacific region is currently the second most visited region after Europe and it's share is constantly growing. This thesis mentions also the main factors that lead to this expansion. There is also a prediction of the development of the world tourism to the year 2030.
48
Vícenecová, Romana. "Past středního příjmu v Malajsii, Indonésii a Vietnamu - příčíny a řešení." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-206792.
Full textAbstract:
Since the beginning of the millennium, Southeast Asia has become one of the fastest growing regions in the world. After recovery from the slowdown caused by the Asian financial crisis, most of them achieved significant growth and Asian miracle was created. Thanks to the liberalization of trade, export supporting policies, cheap labour and foreign investment, many of the southeast Asian countries entered the middle income countries group, which the World Bank defines with the Gross National Income per capita in the range from 1 045 USD to 12 760 USD. However, some countries in Southeast Asia are experiencing economic slowdown now and some of them fell into so called middle income trap. It is an economic phenomenon, which describes the situation when the country is no longer able to use its comparative advantages in the form of labour intensive production and its economic growth stagnates. Such economies find themselves on the edge between poor countries with cheap labour and advanced economies with high income. The main goal of the diploma thesis is to examine the topic of middle-income trap on chosen economies of Southeast Asia - Malaysia, Indonesia and Vietnam. The thesis is focused on the evaluation of their economic situation, the depth of the middle income trap and possible solutions for each of these countries.
49
Morin, Julien. "The Jurassic evolution of the Tian Shan region (Central Asia) : geodynamic context and paleogeographic consequences." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REN1B030.
Full textAbstract:
La région intracontinentale du Tian Shan (Asie Centrale) est une zone clé pour comprendre l’évolution long terme des continents en général et de l’Asie en particulier. Si son évolution géodynamique paléozoïque et cénozoïque est assez bien comprise et caractérisée par une succession d’orogénèses, son histoire Mésozoïque reste quant à elle assez mal contrainte. Le Jurassique est une période particulière au sein de ce contexte globalement compressif. En effet, à la fin du Trias l’Eurasie était largement entourée par des zones de subductions conduisant à de l’extension au Jurassique inférieur – moyen au sein du domaine Caspien/Turan à l’ouest et à de l’extension Jurassique – Crétacé au sein des domaines Sibérie – Mongol à l’est. Néanmoins, l’évolution paléogéographique et cinématique Jurassique de la région du Tian Shan, correspondant probablement à une zone de relais entre ces deux domaines dominés par de l’extension, sont encore mal comprises. Pour ce faire, nous avons mené des analyses sédimentaires sur différents bassins associés à la chaîne du Tian Shan et compilé les différentes données disponibles afin de caractériser l’évolution des environnements de dépôts et des conditions climatiques au cours du temps. En parallèle, nous avons effectué des études géomorphologiques et compilé les données de thermochronologie basse température pour reconstruire l’évolution paléotopographique de la région du Tian Shan. Durant le Jurassique inférieur - début du Jurassique moyen, l’évolution topographique du Tian Shan était dominée par l’aplanissement progressif d’un relief Paléozoïque supérieur à Mésozoïque inférieur, localement réactivé par des évènements tectoniques éphémères. La sédimentation, dans les bassins bordants la chaîne et dans les bassins intra- montagneux était caractérisée par des dépôts alluviaux à lacustres déposés dans des conditions humides. Durant cette période, la région du Tian Shan était dominée par de la tectonique compressive à décrochante. A l’ouest, le Sinémurien – Pliensbachien marque le début de la sédimentation dans le bassin de Yarkand-Fergana. A cette période, une activité tectonique le long de la faille de Talas Fergana/Karatau conduisit à l’ouverture du bassin de Yarkand-Fergana sous forme d’hémi-graben. L’extension, et donc l’ouverture du bassin, a persisté durant le Jurassique moyen. Ces épisodes de déformations et leurs chronologies ne peuvent pas être liés à la collision du bloc de Qiangtang, mais peuvent être associés à l’extension induite par la subduction de la Néo-Téthys affectant les domaines Caspien/Turan à l’ouest. Nous proposons que le champ de contrainte extensif induit par la zone de subduction de la Néo-Tethys ait également joué un rôle majeur en contrôlant l’évolution topographique et cinématique tardi Jurassique inférieur – moyen de la région du Tian Shan. Pendant la période tardi Jurassique moyen – Jurassique supérieur, peu d’indices de déformations existent dans le Tian Shan mais également dans les domaines Caspien –Turan. Nous proposons que la période de la fin du Jurassique moyen – début du Jurassique supérieur corresponde à une période de relative quiescence tectonique. Enfin, la transition Jurassique – Crétacé est marquée par une réactivation tectonique conduisant à l’inversion du bassin de Yarkand-Fergana et à la création de relief localisé dans la chaine du Tian Shan<br>The strongly intracontinental Tian Shan region, in Central Asia represents a key area to understand the long term evolution of continents in general and Asia in particular. If its Paleozoic and Cenozoic geodynamics are well understood and characterized by a succession of orogenesis driven by accretion of continental blocks, its Mesozoic evolution remains poorly constrained. Within this largely compressive geodynamic setting, the Jurassic period corresponds to a peculiar time span dominated by widespread extension within the Caspian – Turan domain to the west and within the Siberian/Mongolian domain to the east. However, the Jurassic paleogeographic and kinematic evolution of the probable relay zone corresponding to the Tian Shan region is yet to be fully understood. To do so, we conducted sedimentological analyses within several basins associated to the Tian Shan Range and compiled previously published sedimentological data in order to characterize the evolution of the depositional environments through time as well as to document climate conditions. In parallel, we conducted geomorphological analyses and compiled both detrital geochronology and low - temperature thermochronology data to describe the paleotopographical evolution of the Tian Shan area, especially constraining the location and the timing of relief building in the range. During the Early to early Middle Jurassic, the topographic evolution of the Tian Shan Range was dominated by progressive planation of late Paleozoic to early Mesozoic relief, locally interrupted by short-lived tectonic uplift. Throughout the region, contemporaneous sedimentation was characterized by alluvial to lacustrine strata deposited under humid conditions. During this period, recurrent limited deformation events associated with strike slip and compressive tectonics occurred. To the west of the Tian Shan, the Early Jurassic Sinemurian (?) – Pliensbachian marks the onset of sedimentation, at least in the northern Yarkand-Fergana Basin. At that time, renewed activity along the Talas- Fergana/Karatau fault led to the opening of the Yarkand-Fergana Basin as a half-graben. Continuous opening of this basin occurred during the late Early – Middle Jurassic. These episodes of deformation and their timing cannot be related to the far-field effects of the Qiangtang collision but could instead, be associated to the coeval subduction-related extension affecting the Caspian – Turan domains to the west of the Tian Shan area. We propose that this extensional stress-field, induced by the Neo-Tethys subduction, played a major role in driving the late Early to early Middle Jurassic tectonic and topographic evolution of the Tian Shan region. During the late Middle to early Late Jurassic, few evidences of deformation exist in the Tian Shan or within the Caspian – Turan domains. We propose that the late Middle – early Late Jurassic corresponded to a period of relative tectonic quiescence in the area. Finally, the Late Jurassic – Early Cretaceous transition was marked by a tectonic reactivation leading to the inversion of the Yarkand – Fergana Basin and to localized relief building in the Tian Shan
50
Sengxeu, Noudy. "Les Déterminants de l’accès aux antiépileptiques essentiels en Asie du Sud-Est." Thesis, Limoges, 2020. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/8aefa020-6117-4a0f-89c3-9032f85d5d5a/blobholder:0/2020LIMO0045.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
L'épilepsie est un trouble neurologique qui touche environ 70 millions de personnes dans le monde. Une proportion de 70 % pourrait vivre sans crise grâce à une utilisation appropriée des antiépileptiques (AE). Cependant, l'accès aux AE reste insuffisant dans les pays en développement avec un déficit thérapeutique élevé, supérieur à 75 %. Le but de cette étude était d’évaluer la disponibilité, l’accessibilité, la qualité des AE en bout de chaine de dispensation, ainsi que les connaissances et qualification des personnes délivrant des médicaments aux patients en Asie du Sud-Est.Globalement, 21,1 % des points de vente visités au Laos et 52,2 % au Cambodge disposaient d'au moins un AE. Le phénobarbital 100 mg était le plus disponible (14,3 % au Laos et 35,5 % au Cambodge). Au Laos, la phénytoïne 100 mg et le phénobarbital 100 mg étaient les plus abordables (respectivement 1,0 et 1,2 jours de travail pour acheter un mois de traitement). Au Cambodge, le phénobarbital 50 mg et 100 mg étaient les plus abordables (0,6 et 0,5 jour de salaire, respectivement). Aucune contrefaçon n'a été identifiée. La proportion d'AE de mauvaise qualité était de 15,0 % au Laos et 23,9 % au Cambodge. Concernant les connaissances et qualification, 40,8 % des répondants au Cambodge et 38,5 % au Laos étaient des pharmaciens. Un total de 87,0 % des personnes interrogées au Cambodge connaissaient au moins un AE, contre 67,3 % au Laos (p=0,003). La connaissance des interactions entre AE et contraception orale n’était presque jamais connue. La même étude est en cours de réalisation en Thaïlande. Cette étude a permis de quantifier et qualifier différents facteurs qui contribuent au déficit thérapeutique tant au Laos qu'au Cambodge. La disponibilité des traitements reste faible, avec des AE de mauvaise qualité dans les deux pays. Une politique du médicament visant à améliorer les paramètres étudiés permettrait de réduire le déficit thérapeutique de l’épilepsie<br>Epilepsy is a neurological disorder that affects approximately 70 million people worldwide, 70% of whom do not have access to appropriate treatment. A proportion of 70% could live seizure-free with appropriate use of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). However, access to AEDs remains insufficient in developing countries with a high treatment gap, above 75%. The aim of this study was to evaluate the availability, accessibility, quality of end-of-dispensing chain AEDs, and the knowledge and qualifications of pharmacy-dispensing workers to patients in Southeast Asia.Overall, 21.1% of the outlets visited in Lao and 52.2% in Cambodia had at least one AED. Phenobarbital 100 mg was the most available (14.3% in Lao and 35.5% in Cambodia). In Lao, phenytoin 100 mg and phenobarbital 100 mg were the most affordable (1.0 and 1.2 working days to purchase one month of treatment, respectively). In Cambodia, phenobarbital 50 mg and 100 mg were the most affordable (0.6 and 0.5 days of salary, respectively). No counterfeit drug was identified. The proportion of poor-quality AEDs was 15.0% in Lao and 23.9% in Cambodia. Regarding knowledge and skills, 40.8% of respondents in Cambodia and 38.5% in Lao were pharmacists. A total of 87.0% of respondents in Cambodia knew at least one AED, compared to 67.3% in Lao (p=0.003). Knowledge of the interactions between AEDs and oral contraception was almost never known. The same study in Thailand is currently in progress.This study has quantified and qualified various factors that contribute to the treatment gap in both Lao and Cambodia. The availability of treatment remains low, with poor quality AEDs in both countries. A drug policy aimed at improving the parameters studied would reduce the treatment gap for epilepsy