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1

Xu, Yao-Hua, Shuai Yang, Hang Li, Ji-Ming Lv, and Na Bai. "Adaptive Noise-Resistant Low-Power ASK Demodulator Design in UHF RFID Chips." Electronics 10, no. 24 (December 20, 2021): 3168. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10243168.

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This paper presents a new signal demodulator for ultra-high frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) tag chips. The demodulator is used to demodulate amplitude shift keying (ASK) modulated signals with the advantages of high noise immunity, large input range and low power consumption. The demodulator consists of a charge pump, an envelope detector, and a comparator. In particular, the demodulator provides a hysteresis input signal to the comparator through two envelope detectors, resulting in better noise immunity. The demodulator is based on a standard 0.13 µm CMOS process. The demodulator is suitable for demodulating high frequency signals at 900 MHz with a data rate of 128 Kbps and can operate up to 78 °C. The input signal has a peak of 1.2 V and consumes as little as 113.6 nW. The demodulator also has a noise immunity threshold of approximately 3.729 V.
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2

Li, Qinglong, Yong Xu, Qiao Li, Kun Peng, and Xian Zhang. "A Demodulation Circuit For Analog Front End Of Passive Tag Chip." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2065, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2065/1/012007.

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Abstract The demodulation circuit designed in this paper is suitable for the analog front end of passive UHF RFID tag chip, which can handle ASK signals with large changes in amplitude, modulation depth and signal frequency. Its performance meets the requirements of standards ISO/IEC 18000-6C and GB/T 29768-2013. Envelope detection circuit and limiter circuit are simple in structure and do not consume power. The comparison reference voltage is taken according to the average value of the envelope high and low levels, and is less affected by the dynamic changes of the input signal. Changing the width-to-length ratio of the MOSFETs in the feedback path of the comparator can adjust the hysteresis, with strong noise suppression and controllable sensitivity. The demodulator is implemented with TSMC 0.18 μm standard CMOS process. The simulation results show that the ASK signal modulation depth that the demodulator can handle is as low as 30%, and the maximum pulse width demodulation error is only 0.43%.
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3

Dastanian, Rezvan, Ebrahim Abiri, and Khadije Taherinia. "Threshold voltage-level change in ASK demodulator related to RF input signal amplitude for the ultra-high frequency RFID passive tag." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 9, no. 1 (November 23, 2015): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078715001567.

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In this paper, an amplitude shift keying (ASK) demodulator with 100% modulation depth is proposed. In order to achieve the higher power and wider reading range the designed ASK demodulator works in the ultra-high frequency. In this design, the average detector and voltage divider are used in order to define the appropriate threshold voltage level for the radio frequency input signal which leads to the accurate data detecting even at long distances between the tag and reader. In addition, for diminishing the power dissipation of the proposed demodulator, an enable input is used in the buffer and comparator. This circuit is simulated in 0.18 μm complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) technology with Cadence software. Its power dissipation and chip area are 3.9 nW and 0.0025 mm2, respectively.
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4

MUTASHAR, SAAD, M. A. HANNAN, S. A. SAMAD, and A. HUSSAIN. "DEVELOPMENT OF BIO-IMPLANTED MICRO-SYSTEM WITH SELF-RECOVERY ASK DEMODULATOR FOR TRANSCUTANEOUS APPLICATIONS." Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology 14, no. 04 (July 3, 2014): 1450062. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219519414500626.

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This paper deals with the development of bio-implanted micro-system with low-power and high data rate based on amplitude shift keying (ASK) modulation technique to stimulate nerves and muscles. The modified system is operated by a low-frequency band 13.56 MHz according to the industrial-scientific-medical (ISM) bands to avoid the biological tissue damage. The data rate on the demodulator side is from 1 Mb/s and up to 1.5 Mb/s depending of generating binary signal (T BIT = 1 μs or 0.5 μs) with modulation index of 13% and modulation rate 7.3%, 9% and 11%, respectively. The proposed inductive coupling link achieves 73% of link efficiency. The modified rectifier with self-threshold voltage cancellation techniques and voltage regulator without thermal protection circuit and without passive elements occupies small area that is modified to generate adequate and stable DC voltages of 1.8 V. A new ASK demodulator structure based on two comparators is developed to extract a synchronized demodulated signal with minimum error. Thereby no need for clock recovery circuit and delay-locked loops (DLL) circuits for data synchronization at 1 Mb/s and 1.250 Mb/s of speed. The system designed using OrCAD Pspice 16.2 is based on 0.35 μm technologies.
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5

Tzung-Je Lee, Ching-Li Lee, Yan-Jhih Ciou, Chi-Chun Huang, and Chua-Chin Wang. "All-MOS ASK Demodulator for Low-Frequency Applications." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs 55, no. 5 (May 2008): 474–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2007.912687.

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Lee, Hyongmin, Jisung Kim, Dongwoo Ha, Taehoon Kim, and Suhwan Kim. "Differentiating ASK Demodulator for Contactless Smart Cards Supporting VHBR." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs 62, no. 7 (July 2015): 641–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2015.2415653.

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7

Chua-Chin Wang, Chih-Lin Chen, Ron-Chi Kuo, and Doron Shmilovitz. "Self-Sampled All-MOS ASK Demodulator for Lower ISM Band Applications." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs 57, no. 4 (April 2010): 265–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2010.2043474.

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8

Lee, Tzung-Je. "9.9 V ASK Demodulator Using Differential Shaper for High-Impedance Electrode." Circuits, Systems, and Signal Processing 33, no. 7 (March 14, 2014): 2027–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00034-014-9755-z.

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9

Kafi Kangi, Mohammad, Mohammad Maymandi-Nejad, and Mahshid Nasserian. "A Fully Digital ASK Demodulator With Digital Calibration for Bioimplantable Devices." IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems 23, no. 8 (August 2015): 1557–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2014.2343946.

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10

Kim, J., and K. Pedrotti. "202pJ/bit area-efficient ASK demodulator for high-density visual prostheses." Electronics Letters 48, no. 9 (2012): 477. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el.2012.0037.

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11

Wang, De-Ming, Jian-Guo Hu, and Jing Wu. "An HF Passive RFID Tag IC With Low Modulation Index ASK Demodulator." IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 66, no. 3 (March 2019): 2164–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tie.2018.2840514.

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12

Bhanja, Mousumi, Surya Prakash Tamang, Ritika Das, and Baidyanath Ray. "Design Methodology of High Frequency M-ary ASK, FSK and QAM." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 24, no. 10 (October 25, 2015): 1550152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126615501522.

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This paper proposes a high data rate, low-power, low-voltage design of OTA-based M-ary ASK, FSK and QAM modulator and demodulator circuits. Conventional D/A converter of M-ary circuit has been replaced with the operational transconductance amplifier-based n-bits to 2n level converter which operates with input frequencies up to 2.1 GHz. OTA-based oscillator and PLL is being designed for high speed M-ary FSK. Eye diagram analysis has been carried out, conforming a very low signal distortion. Theoretical analysis of bit error rate has been done. The circuit analysis and simulation results confirm the reliability and accuracy of the design. Effective layouts and die photographs of the proposed designs are also presented.
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13

Ghiggino, P. "Novel square-law demodulator for use in coherent ASK/FSK heterodyne optical receivers." Electronics Letters 25, no. 12 (1989): 803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19890542.

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14

Navaii, Mehdi Lotfi, Mohsen Jalali, and Hamed Sadjedi. "A 34-pJ/bit Area-Efficient ASK Demodulator Based on Switching-Mode Signal Shaping." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs 64, no. 6 (June 2017): 640–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2016.2599262.

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15

Wang, Chua-Chin, Tzung-Je Lee, U. Fat Chio, Yu-Tzu Hsiao, and Jia-Jin J. Chen. "A 570-kbps ASK demodulator without external capacitors for low-frequency wireless bio-implants." Microelectronics Journal 39, no. 1 (January 2008): 130–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mejo.2007.10.010.

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16

Mousavi, Narges, Mohammad Sharifkhani, and Mohsen Jalali. "Ultra‐low power current mode all‐ MOS ASK demodulator for radio frequency identification applications." IET Circuits, Devices & Systems 10, no. 2 (March 2016): 130–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-cds.2014.0252.

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17

Willner, A. E. "Simplified model of an FSK-to-ASK direct-detection system using a Fabry-Perot demodulator." IEEE Photonics Technology Letters 2, no. 5 (May 1990): 363–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/68.54707.

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18

MUTASHAR, SAAD, M. A. HANNAN, SALINA A. SAMAD, and AINI HUSSAIN. "EFFICIENT DATA AND POWER TRANSFER FOR BIO-IMPLANTED DEVICES BASED ON ASK MODULATION TECHNIQUES." Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology 12, no. 05 (December 2012): 1240030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219519412400301.

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This paper presents a fully integrated system for implanted micro-system devices with efficient power and data transfer based on amplitude shift keying (ASK) modulation techniques. A proposed efficient class-E power amplifier is presented. The design presents a full transcutaneous inductive powering system to transfer power and data from an outside human body to implanted devices such as implanted microsystems to stimulate and monitor the nerves and muscles with low band frequency of 13.56 MHz according to the industrial–scientific–medical (ISM) band to avoid the tissue damage. A novel ASK demodulator powered with 1.9 V is proposed with a power recovery system. The modulation index is 13% and the modulation rate 7.3% with data rate 1 Mbit/s, and with power efficiency 66%. The system has been designed using 0.35-μm fabricated CMOS technology. The mathematical model is given and the design is simulated using OrCAD PSpice 16.2 software tool and for real-time simulation, the electronic workbench MULISIM 11 has been used to simulate the class-E power amplifier.
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19

Gong, C. S. A., Muh-Tian Shiue, Kai-Wen Yao, Tong-Yi Chen, Yin Chang, and Chun-Hsien Su. "A Truly Low-Cost High-Efficiency ASK Demodulator Based on Self-Sampling Scheme for Bioimplantable Applications." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers 55, no. 6 (July 2008): 1464–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2008.916422.

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20

Baik, Seungyeob, Arup K. George, and Junghyup Lee. "An Ultra-low-power Fully-differential ASK Demodulator with 12.5 pJ/bit FOM for Implantable Biomedical Applications." JOURNAL OF SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE 18, no. 5 (October 31, 2018): 626–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5573/jsts.2018.18.5.626.

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21

DJEMOUAI, ABDELOHAHAB, and MOHAMAD SAWAN. "CIRCUIT TECHNIQUES FOR EFFECTIVE WIRELESS TRANSFER OF POWER AND DATA TO ELECTRONIC IMPLANTS." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 16, no. 05 (October 2007): 801–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126607003903.

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Novel circuit techniques and design approaches are proposed in this paper to build a controller dedicated to wireless power and data transmission systems used in the area of implantable devices such as sensors and neurostimulators. The aim of this controller is to regulate automatically the level of the power to be transferred and to modulate the carrier signals during data transmission. It includes several new integrated building blocks such as integrated pulse-width modulator (PWM), RF envelope detector, frequency-locked loop (FLL), and amplitude-shift keying (ASK) modulator and demodulator. CMOS 0.18 μm technology is used to implement this controller that operates at 1.8 V power supply and a frequency of 20 MHz. Preliminary postlayout simulation results prove that all the main blocks of the controller (the FLL, the PWM, and the ASKD) operate adequately. From simulation results, the time response of the system is estimated at 0.8 μs. The complete controller has been recently submitted for fabrication.
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22

Park, Byeonggyu, Tae-Gwon Yun, Kyongsu Lee, and Jin-Ku Kang. "An Inductively Coupled Power and Data Link with Self-referenced ASK Demodulator and Wide-range LDO for Bio-implantable Devices." JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science 17, no. 1 (February 28, 2017): 120–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5573/jsts.2017.17.1.120.

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23

Jomehei, Maryam Gharaei, Samad Sheikhaei, and Behjat Forouzandeh. "A novel ultra low power ASK demodulator for a passive UHF RFID tag compatible with C1 G2 EPC standard protocol." Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing 75, no. 1 (February 8, 2013): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10470-013-0037-7.

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24

Lee, Shuenn-Yuh, Tsung-Yen Chen, Chieh Tsou, and Yuan-Sun Chu. "Wireless energy-harvesting circuit and system with error-correction ASK demodulator for body sensor network with ultra-high-frequency RFID healthcare system." IET Wireless Sensor Systems 8, no. 1 (February 1, 2018): 36–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-wss.2017.0082.

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25

Abbasizadeh, Hamed, Sang Yun Kim, Behnam Samadpoor Rikan, Arash Hejazi, Danial Khan, Young Gun Pu, Keum Cheol Hwang, Youngoo Yang, Dong In Kim, and Kang-Yoon Lee. "Design of a 900 MHz Dual-Mode SWIPT for Low-Power IoT Devices." Sensors 19, no. 21 (October 28, 2019): 4676. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19214676.

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This paper presents a duty cycle-based, dual-mode simultaneous wireless information and power transceiver (SWIPT) for Internet of Things (IoT) devices in which a sensor node monitors the received power and adaptively controls the single-tone or multitone communication mode. An adaptive power-splitting (PS) ratio control scheme distributes the received radio frequency (RF) energy between the energy harvesting (EH) path and the information decoding (ID) path. The proposed SWIPT enables the self-powering of an ID transceiver above 20 dBm input power, leading to a battery-free network. The optimized PS ratio of 0.44 enables it to provide sufficient harvested energy for self-powering and energy-neutral operation of the ID transceiver. The ID transceiver can demodulate the amplitude-shift keying (ASK) and the binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) signals. Moreover, for low-input power level, a peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) scheme based on multitone is also proposed for demodulation of the information-carrying RF signals. Due to the limited power, information is transmitted in uplink by backscatter modulation instead of RF signaling. To validate our proposed SWIPT architecture, a SWIPT printed circuit board (PCB) was designed with a multitone SWIPT board at 900 MHz. The demodulation of multitone by PAPR was verified separately on the PCB. Results showed the measured sensitivity of the SWIPT to be −7 dBm, and the measured peak power efficiency of the RF energy harvester was 69% at 20 dBm input power level. The power consumption of the injection-locked oscillator (ILO)-based phase detection path was 13.6 mW, and it could be supplied from the EH path when the input power level was high. The ID path could demodulate 4-ASK- and BPSK-modulated signals at the same time, thus receiving 3 bits from the demodulation process. Maximum data rate of 4 Mbps was achieved in the measurement.
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26

Gong, Cihun-Siyong Alex. "Investigation of efficient ASK demodulation for wirelessly powered biodevices." Electronics Letters 48, no. 4 (2012): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el.2011.3898.

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27

Chernoyarov, O. V., A. N. Glushkov, V. P. Litvinenko, V. A. Mironov, and A. V. Salnikova. "Coherent demodulation of the two-level APSK signals with the symbol amplitude estimation." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2094, no. 2 (November 1, 2021): 022050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2094/2/022050.

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Abstract The study focuses on the algorithms for the coherent demodulation of the two-level amplitude phase-shift keyed signals with an estimate of the received symbol amplitude carried out by its relative comparison with the preceding symbol amplitude. Determining calibrated values of the symbol amplitudes in order to compare them with the preset threshold values is considered unnecessary in this case. Phase demodulation is implemented based on the phase detector of the multi-level phase-shift keyed signals. Symbol amplitudes are determined by the quadrature channels responses. Both analog and digital demodulation algorithms are considered. Simulation of the demodulation algorithm is carried out.
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28

Sandell, Magnus, Filippo Tosato, and Amr Ismail. "Efficient Demodulation of General APSK Constellations." IEEE Signal Processing Letters 23, no. 6 (June 2016): 868–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2016.2560241.

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29

Yuan, Fei. "Design techniques for ASK demodulators of passive wireless microsystems: a state-of-the-art review." Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing 63, no. 1 (September 16, 2009): 33–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10470-009-9379-6.

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30

Lu, Zhi Jia, Zhen Yong Liu, Wan Qiang Han, and Yu Jian Li. "Analysis of Channel Transmission Performance in UHF RFID System." Advanced Materials Research 1049-1050 (October 2014): 1876–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1049-1050.1876.

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This paper analyzes the characteristics of four kinds of possible channels in UHF RFID communication system, and makes a deep analysis on additive white Gaussian noise channel and binary symmetric channel. At the same time, it sets up the ASK modulation and demodulation simulation models of those two kinds of channels, summarizing the relationship between the bit error rate and the variety of signal to noise ratio of those two kinds of system. Finally, it concludes the optimal parameter of transmission process in the RFID system in experiments.
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31

Siuzdak, J., and W. van Etten. "BER evaluation for phase and polarization diversity optical homodyne receivers using noncoherent ASK and DPSK demodulation." Journal of Lightwave Technology 7, no. 4 (April 1989): 584–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/50.19084.

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32

Sadiq, Md Wahid, and Md Ahasan Kabir. "Design and implementation of reconfigurable ASK and FSK modulation and demodulation algorithm on FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array)." Sensors International 3 (2022): 100155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sintl.2021.100155.

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33

Ye, Dawei, Yu Wang, Yingfei Xiang, Liangjian Lyu, Hao Min, and C. J. Richard Shi. "A Wireless Power and Data Transfer Receiver Achieving 75.4% Effective Power Conversion Efficiency and Supporting 0.1% Modulation Depth for ASK Demodulation." IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 55, no. 5 (May 2020): 1386–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2019.2943871.

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34

Patmasari, Raditiana, Inung Wijayanto, R. S. Deanto, Y. P. Gautama, and Hurianti Vidyaningtyas. "Design and Realization of Automatic Packet Reporting System (APRS) for Sending Telemetry Data in Nano Satellite Communication System." Journal of Measurements, Electronics, Communications, and Systems 4, no. 1 (June 30, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.25124/jmecs.v4i1.1692.

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To communicate with the ground station, nano satellite requires a communication system that serves in real time to regulate the procedure with ground station. One of the missions of nano satellites is the retrieval of telemetry data from sensors that transmitted using APRS technology (Automatic Packet Reporting System). We designed a prototype to monitor sensor by utilizing the APRS. Real-time sensor data was transmitted to monitor through radio using AX.25 protocol. On the transmitter side, an APRS Tracker integrated with a microprocessor ATMEGA 1284P to modulate the AFSK signal. The existence of this AFSK signal is used to transmit and receive telemetry data using handy talky. We use a computer with AGWPE software to demodulate the AFSK signal and UI-View32 to show the telemetry data. The results showed that the telemetry data can be displayed on the receiver side and acquired in real time. The accuracy of temperature sensor received by the receiver is 92.97%, and humidity sensor is 90.57%. There was a delay of 1 second for the reception of telemetry data directly.
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35

Veglia, Jorge E., David L. La Red Martinez, and Reinaldo J. R. Scappini. "Desarrollo Y Simulación De Un Modelo De Transceptor Basado En Prime Para Simulación Sobre Canal PLC." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 14, no. 27 (September 30, 2018): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2018.v14n27p229.

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The choice of modification technique for a communications system depends to a large extent on the nature and characteristics of the medium in which it must operate (Hrasnica et al., 2005). In a PLC (Power Line Communications) system, the first applications in the LDR band (oriented to the control of devices) operated with monocarrier modulations, such as ASK, BPSK, and FSK. This allows for low implementation costs, provided that it operates at low data rates and with an error correction system. It is clear that applications require a higher data rate. The modulation technique must overcome challenges such as the necessary equalization for the cause of the non-linearity of the channel, or avoid the propagation delays and the multipath caused by the impedance differences in the branches. Likewise, it must offer flexibility and avoid the use of certain frequencies if they are altered or assigned to another service and, therefore, cannot be used in PLC. In this scenario, one of the techniques that have been imposed in the most used developments in NB-PLC as in BB-PLC has been Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). One of its most attractive aspects from the point of view of its complexity is the possibility of implementing the structure of its multifrequency modulation and demodulation scheme through a simple Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) and its corresponding direct transform, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). Based on this technique, an appropriate transceiver scheme for operating on a PLC channel model was presented. This development implements the error correction technique proposed for NB-PLC.
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36

Narimanzadeh, Mahsa, and Alireza Andalib. "All optical binary ASK demodulator using photonic crystal based nonlinear ring resonator." Optica Applicata 50, no. 1 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.37190/oa200105.

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In this paper we will propose and design an all optical amplitude shift keying demodulator using a photonic crystal based nonlinear ring resonator. The proposed structure will be designed such that it can generate digital 0 and 1 based on the amplitude of the input signal. The working mechanism is based on controlling the optical behavior of the resonant ring using optical intensity. The proposed structure was simulated using plane wave expansion and finite difference time domain methods. The simulation results show that the rise and fall times for the proposed structure are 0.5 and 0.1 ps, respectively.
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37

P. M., Basavaraj, Manjunath B., Prashanth P., and Chandrashekara. "Design of Low Power ASK CMOS Demodulator Circuits for passive Ultra High Frequency Tag." International Journal of Future Computer and Communication, 2012, 369–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijfcc.2012.v1.98.

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38

Chen, Yifei, Yan Liu, Yongfu Li, Guoxing Wang, and Mingyi Chen. "An Energy-efficient ASK Demodulator Robust to Power-carrier-interference for Inductive Power and Data Telemetry." IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems, 2022, 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tbcas.2022.3146559.

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39

"Performance Research on Variable Data Rate Reconfigurable Architecture for SDR Receiver." International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering 8, no. 2S8 (September 17, 2019): 1008–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.b1002.0882s819.

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In Early days, communications systems used amplitude and frequency modulation schemes in which bandwidth constraint is one of the major challenge to accommodate more data rates. As the data rate requirement increased drastically till date, The applications demands more data rates for communication using less bandwidth is considered as an efficient communication system. For achieving communication with high data rates using less bandwidth, technology migrated to digital modulation schemes. In this phase new modulation techniques like ASK, FSK, PSK were realised. ASK and FSK modulation schemes bandwidth efficiency is less as compared to PSK schemes. For best utilisation of bandwidth efficiency and less inherent noise levels, PSK schemes are used, which is suitable for high data rate applications. In this paper QPSK modulation and demodulation technique is selected for realising the variable data rate in the range of 1.2MBPS as the best bandwidth with efficient reconfigurable architecture designed for software defined radio receiver.
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