Journal articles: 'Asperger syndrome/diagnosis'

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Korendo, Marta. "DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF THE AUTISTIC SPECTRUM DISORDER AND ASPERGER SYNDROME." Acta Neuropsychologica 15, no. 1 (March 12, 2017): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/12321966.1238142.

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The aim of the paper was to described substantial symptoms making possible a clinical differential diagnosis of autism and Asperger syndrome. Those differences do not me rely reflect the intensification of negative features but that Autism and Asperger syndrome are separate syndromes, which, however, share a common spectrum of symptoms. Making a differential diagnosis is essential due to different therapeutic and educational needs of children suffering from those syndromes. The most evident differences are language and communication, manipulative behaviours, social relations as well as manual skills. The first important difference is language, which has been neglected so far since the research concentrated on communication and its disorders. While language is of a high diagnostic value that allows early identification of symptoms specific for Asperger syndrome. The second difference is a very high level of manipulative behaviours in Asperger syndrome which leads to disorders in social functioning of such individuals. Therefore, dealing with manipulation is a significant therapeutic task. At the same time, manipulative behaviours occurring in Asperger syndrome should be distinguished from resistence manifested by autistic children. Moreover, children with Asperger show a need of social relations despite considerable lowering of social competencies, and failures to communicate provoke the intensification of deviant behaviours. Finally, children with autism and Asperger syndrome vary in the level of manual skills. Though initial picture may be very similar, the potential of people with Asperger syndrome for gaining proper graphomotor skills is considerably higher due to the lack of deep disorders in motor planning.

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Fitzgerald, Michael, and Aiden Corvin. "Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of Asperger syndrome." Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 7, no. 4 (July 2001): 310–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/apt.7.4.310.

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Asperger syndrome is an uncommon condition, but probably more common than classic autism (the only published population study estimated prevalence at 36 per 10 000 children for Asperger syndrome and 5 per 10 000 for autism (Ehlers & Gillberg, 1993)). Misdiagnosis or delayed diagnosis of this disorder is a serious problem, and the average age at diagnosis is several years later than for autism (Gillberg, 1989). Obviously, this can be traumatic for individuals and families; furthermore, the most effective intervention programmes begin early, and establishing management strategies at an early age can minimise later behavioural problems (Howlin, 1998).

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Hippler, Kathrin, and Christian Klicpera. "A retrospective analysis of the clinical case records of ‘autistic psychopaths’ diagnosed by Hans Asperger and his team at the University Children's Hospital, Vienna." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 358, no. 1430 (February 28, 2003): 291–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2002.1197.

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To date, it is questionable whether the diagnostic criteria for Asperger syndrome (AS) as stated by ICD–10 or DSM–IV still reflect Asperger's original account of ‘autistic psychopathy’ (AP) from the 1940s. The present study examined 74 clinical case records of children with AP diagnosed by Hans Asperger and his team at the Viennese Children's Clinic and Asperger's private practice between 1950 and 1986. The characteristic features of the children are outlined, including reasons for referral, parental background, behavioural problems, cognitive functioning, communication and interests. Results show that the patients of Asperger described in our study represent a subgroup of children with very high intellectual functioning, specific circumscribed interests and talents but impaired social, communication and motor skills. Sixty–eight percent of the sample met ICD–10 criteria for AS, while 25% fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for autism. Implications for the diagnosis of AS are discussed.

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Rosqvist, Hanna Bertilsdotter. "Normal for an Asperger: Notions of the Meanings of Diagnoses Among Adults with Asperger Syndrome." Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities 50, no. 2 (April 1, 2012): 120–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1352/1934-9556-50.2.120.

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Abstract This study explores the production of a counterhegemonic discourse of “autistic normalcy” among adults with high-functioning autism by analyzing notions of diagnosis. The discourse analyses are based on material from ethnographic fieldwork in a Swedish educational setting. Study participants were 3 male and 9 female adults who had been diagnosed with Asperger syndrome. The notion of diagnosis comprises issues concerning coming out and knowledge production. The findings capture an ongoing reformulation process among people involved in the autistic self-advocacy movement when it comes to the meanings of Asperger syndrome and what it means to be a person with Asperger syndrome.

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Klin, Ami, and Fred R. Volkmar. "Asperger syndrome: diagnosis and external validity." Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America 12, no. 1 (January 2003): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1056-4993(02)00052-4.

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Perez Torres, Lisset. "Disorders of the autistic spectrum: asperger syndrome and its repercussion in academic performance." Journal of America health 1, no. 2 (July 2, 2018): 22–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.37958/jah.v1i2.8.

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This research based on social, health and especially educational reality, involves us professionally in view of the fact that the majority of professional people, especially teachers, are not familiar with autism spectrum disorder, specifically with Asperger's Syndrome. and they may come to think that a child with an autistic ability behaves in a different way, and they find it difficult to interact with other classmates, therefore this may be difficult to understand conventional social rules and may seem of little importance for society, people with Asperger Syndrome (SA), in English Asperger syndrome (AS), have an average IQ and are likely to have teaching and learning problems like those who do not, however, have their learning needs They may be different from those of other children. Asperger's syndrome is a type of autism. Autism affects the way in which a person interprets the language, communicates and socializes. Until 2013, this syndrome used to be considered a condition in itself, with its own diagnosis. From that moment on, the guide used by doctors, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, commonly known as DSM-5, changed the classification of Asperger's syndrome.

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Bowman, Eimer Philbin. "Asperger's Syndrome and Autism: The Case for a Connection." British Journal of Psychiatry 152, no. 3 (March 1988): 377–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.152.3.377.

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There is considerable disagreement on the classification of Asperger's syndrome and its relationship to autism. Unlike autism, Asperger's is not usually recognised before 30 months of age, and speech delay is not typical. However, if a child exhibits all the symptoms of autism apart from these two features, are these sufficient grounds for withholding a diagnosis of autism? This paper describes four boys and their father who, by presenting at various points on the autistic/Asperger spectrum, embody this dilemma for the diagnostician. The implications for research and clinical practice are discussed.

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Accardo, P. "Early Diagnosis of Autism and Asperger Syndrome." AAP Grand Rounds 3, no. 4 (April 1, 2000): 41–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/gr.3-4-41-a.

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Powell, Trevor, and Louise Acker. "Adults’ Experience of an Asperger Syndrome Diagnosis." Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities 31, no. 1 (May 29, 2015): 72–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1088357615588516.

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Ubhi, Maneeka, Kanu Achinivu, Stefano Seri, and Andrea E. Cavanna. "Motor stereotypies in adult patients with Tourette syndrome." Future Neurology 15, no. 2 (May 2020): FNL42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/fnl-2019-0031.

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Aim: Correctly diagnosing repetitive behaviors in patients with Tourette syndrome (TS) can be challenging. The differential diagnosis between tics and stereotypies is of particular importance, because of treatment implications. Methods: We assessed the prevalence and clinical characteristics of stereotypies in a large sample of adult patients with TS attending a specialist clinic. Results: Mild stereotypies were reported by 21/148 patients (14.2%). Patients with stereotypies were significantly more likely to have a comorbid diagnosis of Asperger syndrome, attention-deficit and hyperactivity disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder, compared with patients without stereotypies. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the presence of Asperger syndrome significantly predicted stereotypy severity. Conclusion: Stereotypies are not rare in adults with TS and other neurodevelopmental conditions, especially Asperger syndrome.

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Berney, Tom. "Asperger syndrome from childhood into adulthood." Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 10, no. 5 (September 2004): 341–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/apt.10.5.341.

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Asperger syndrome, a form of autism with normal ability and normal syntactical speech, is associated with a variety of comorbid psychiatric disorders. The disorder is well known to child psychiatry, and we are beginning to recognise the extent of its impact in adulthood. The article reviews the diagnosis and assessment of Asperger syndrome and its links with a wide range of psychiatric issues, including mental disorder, offending and mental capacity. It also describes the broader, non-psychiatric management of Asperger syndrome itself, which includes social and occupational support and education, before touching on the implications the disorder has for our services.

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Banasiak, Małgorzata. "The challenges of modern education – a student with Asperger Syndrome (autism spectrum disorder) in a classroom." Special School LXXXII, no. 3 (June 30, 2021): 186–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.9545.

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Currently, many students in mainstream schools have been diagnosed with Asperger Syndrome or symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ICD10). Since the term Asperger Syndrome has been adopted in both scientific and colloquial language and is associated with specific dysfunctions in specific spheres, I will use this term for the purposes of this article. Some of these students may have associated difficulties, e.g., in learning or ADHD. In schools, it is not uncommon to also find students who exhibit autism or Asperger syndrome behaviour but without a diagnosis. By participating in the standard education cycle, teaching in elementary schools become a challenge for teachers because they face many challenges themselves. The purpose of the article is to show the difficulties faced by students with Asperger syndrome at school. An indication of how teachers can organize work in the classroom to ensure optimal working conditions for students with AS and to avoid provoking unnecessary tensions and frustration that would disturb work during the lesson will be provided.

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Dein, Kalpana, and Marc Woodbury-Smith. "Asperger syndrome and criminal behaviour." Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 16, no. 1 (January 2010): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/apt.bp.107.005082.

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SummaryThe importance of considering antisocial behaviour among people with autism-spectrum disorders is apparent from the significant number of case reports and case series describing criminal behaviour of people with a diagnosis of Asperger syndrome. The evidence so far does not support a specific association between the syndrome and criminal offending. However, a small yet significant number of offenders with autism who engage in illegal behaviour find themselves socially excluded or detained in secure provisions for prolonged periods. This article gives an overview of the scant empirical evidence relating to criminality within the context of Asperger syndrome, and offers suggestions for managing the syndrome in mentally disordered offenders.

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Kavaliotis, Paschalis. "Accurate Diagnosis of the Syndrome in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders and Parents’ Resilience." Journal of Educational and Developmental Psychology 7, no. 1 (February 14, 2017): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jedp.v7n1p218.

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Autism is considered to be a much more serious syndrome than other developmental disorders and according to studies it affects the resilience of the parents with an autistic child to a larger degree, comparatively. In this article the results of the investigation between the family resilience of the parents and their child’s diagnosis of the syndrome are presented, as it was regarded that, taking into consideration the autism syndrome and Asperger syndrome, the difficulties in a row of levels would be particularly more severe in diagnosed cases of autism. The parents of 312 autistic children in Greece, all of them couples, namely 624 men and women constituted the population sample. It was found that compared to Asperger syndrome at least, in cases of an autistic child’s upbringing, the parents’ resilience is more fragile, their stress higher and certainly the social support they receive is comparatively reduced.

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Mulrine, Christopher F., and Betty Kollia. "Diagnosing and Teaching Students with Social Communication Disorder in Included Classrooms." Journal of Education and Learning 9, no. 4 (June 25, 2020): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jel.v9n4p94.

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Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) was for many years considered to be one of five pervasive developmental disorders (PDD) as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR) published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA, 2000). These disorders included Autism, Rett Syndrome, Childhood Disintegrative Disorder, PDD-NOS (not otherwise specified), and Asperger’s syndrome. The 2013, fifth revision of the manual (DSM-5) presented a modification in the diagnosis for Autism Spectrum Disorder. It is now being diagnosed as an inclusive disorder of a range of symptoms or autism related symptoms from mild to severe (APA, 2013). It has dropped four of the previous diagnoses and is now only one encompassing disability called Autism Spectrum Disorder. Using the new DSM-5 diagnostic criteria some students who were previously diagnosed as having Asperger’s Syndrome do not fit the new Autism Spectrum Disorder criteria. These students might now be diagnosed with Social Communication Disorder (SCD). This diagnosis meets the symptoms presented by these individuals more appropriately. SCD describes the social difficulties and pragmatic language differences that impact comprehension, production, and awareness in conversation that are not caused by delayed cognition or other language delays.

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Skafle, Ingjerd, Elia Gabarron, Anders Dechsling, and Anders Nordahl-Hansen. "Online Attitudes and Information-Seeking Behavior on Autism, Asperger Syndrome, and Greta Thunberg." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 9 (May 7, 2021): 4981. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094981.

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The purpose of this study was to examine Internet trends data and sentiment in tweets mentioning autism, Asperger syndrome, and Greta Thunberg during 2019. We used mixed methods in analyzing sentiment and attitudes in viral tweets and collected 1074 viral tweets on autism that were published in 2019 (tweets that got more than 100 likes). The sample from Twitter was compared with search patterns on Google. In 2019, Asperger syndrome was closely connected to Greta Thunberg, as of the tweets specifically mentioning Asperger (from the total sample of viral tweets mentioning autism), 83% also mentioned Thunberg. In the sample of tweets about Thunberg, the positive sentiment expressed that Greta Thunberg was a role model, whereas the tweets that expressed the most negativity used her diagnosis against her and could be considered as cyberbullying. The Google Trends data also showed that Thunberg was closely connected to search patterns on Asperger syndrome in 2019. The study showed that being open about health information while being an active participant in controversial debates might be used against you but also help break stigmas and stereotypes.

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Ranghetti, Francesca, Luca Milani, and Paola Di Blasio. "Disfunzioni dell’elaborazione sensoriale nella sindrome di Asperger." Medico e Bambino pagine elettroniche 24, no. 3 (March 31, 2021): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.53126/mebxxiv068.

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This study was carried out in an attempt to investigate the correlation between potential sensory processing disorders in individuals with Asperger syndrome (AS) and the perceptions of said disorders by their parents. The pilot study was implemented by creating two complementary surveys, one for people diagnosed with AS and one for their parents. The study, which involved 10 people with Asperger syndrome and 10 of their respective mothers, revealed how parents’ awareness about sensory issues encountered by their children in daily life shows only modest correlations when compared to their children’s reported lived experience. The analyses carried out showed that in most of the cases of this study, the answers of the parent/child are moderately in agreement, and yet some differences between the responses of the two groups are present. In particular, the degree of discomfort caused by different sensory stimuli (artificial brightness in a room, the noise of chairs moving on the floor, aircrafts noise, and switching from lighter to heavier clothing) and the amount of stimuli that are considered intolerable differed from parent to child. In fact, in their open answers individuals with an ASD diagnosis have indicated a higher number of disturbing sensory stimuli compared with those of their parents.

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Schwarzová, Lucie. "POSSIBILITIES OF SUPPORT OF SPECIAL NEEDS STUDENTS AT THE GRADUATION EXAM - CASE STUDY OF A STUDENT WITH ASPERGER SYNDROME FOCUSING ON THE MODIFICATION OF GRADUATION EXAM CONDITIONS." SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 3 (May 25, 2018): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2018vol1.3389.

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The aim of the paper is the theoretical anchoring of the autism spectrum disorder focusing mainly on the Asperger syndrome, as well as the classification of disorders according to the International Statistical Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-V). The paper contains an overview of the legal regulations related to the possible modifications of the common part of the graduation exam. The research part is based on qualitative methodology, it includes a case study. Based on an intentional selection (age and diagnosis), a student with Asperger syndrome was chosen for the case study, who applied at the educational support center for the modification of the graduation exam conditions. Regarding the data collection, the research methods included a semi-structured interview with the legal representatives (with the consent of the student of age), and a class teacher, and the study of the documents kept in the educational support center. The research part contains information on the personal and schooling history, as well as on the symptoms reflecting the diagnostic dyad. The conclusion offers an overview of the specific support measures provided to the student for the common part of the national graduation exam. The aim of the study is to explore whether the symptoms of the Asperger syndrome diagnosis reflected in the deficiencies at school may be fully compensated through the modification of the graduation exam conditions.

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Helles, Adam, I. Carina Gillberg, Christopher Gillberg, Eva Billstedt, and Märta Wallinius. "Asperger syndrome in childhood – personality dimensions in adult life: temperament, character and outcome trajectories." BJPsych Open 2, no. 3 (May 2016): 210–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjpo.bp.116.002741.

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BackgroundTemperament and character have been shown to be important factors in understanding psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorder. Adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have repeatedly been shown to have a distinct temperament and character, but this has not been evaluated in relation to psychiatric comorbidity and ASD diagnostic stability.AimsTo examine temperament and character in males that were diagnosed with ASD in childhood and followed prospectively over almost two decades.MethodTemperament and character were assessed in 40 adult males with a childhood diagnosis of ASD. Results were analysed by the stability of ASD diagnosis over time and current psychiatric comorbidity.ResultsThree distinct temperament and character profiles emerged from the data. Those no longer meeting criteria for ASD had high reward dependence while those with a stable ASD diagnosis and psychiatric comorbidity showed elevated harm avoidance and low self-directedness and cooperativeness. Finally, those with a stable ASD and no comorbidity showed low novelty seeking and somewhat elevated harm avoidance.ConclusionsTemperament and character are important factors correlated with long-term diagnostic stability and psychiatric comorbidity in males diagnosed with ASD in childhood.

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Lugnegård, Tove, Maria Unenge Hallerbäck, and Christopher Gillberg. "Psychiatric comorbidity in young adults with a clinical diagnosis of Asperger syndrome." Research in Developmental Disabilities 32, no. 5 (September 2011): 1910–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2011.03.025.

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Helles, Adam, Carina I. Gillberg, Christopher Gillberg, and Eva Billstedt. "Asperger syndrome in males over two decades: stability and predictors of diagnosis." Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 56, no. 6 (October 4, 2014): 711–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12334.

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Duong, Bich-Thu, Ravi Savarirayan, and Ingrid Winship. "Incidental diagnosis of HLRCC following investigation for Asperger Syndrome: actionable and actioned." Familial Cancer 15, no. 1 (August 15, 2015): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10689-015-9829-5.

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Russell, Emily, Kate Sofronoff, Emily Russell, and Kate Sofronoff. "Anxiety and Social Worries in Children with Asperger Syndrome." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 39, no. 7 (July 2005): 633–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/j.1440-1614.2005.01637.x.

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Objective: The current study examined anxiety and social worries in a group of children with Asperger syndrome (AS). Method: Sixty-five children with AS were compared with a clinically anxious sample and a normative sample using parent and child reports. Results: Comparisons between clinically anxious children and children with AS showed similar scores on overall anxiety and on six anxiety subscales using child reports. Parent reports revealed higher ratings of overall anxiety and described children with AS experiencing more obsessive–compulsive symptoms and physical injury fears than clinically anxious children. Conclusions: Children with AS without a diagnosis of anxiety, present with more anxiety symptoms than a normal population and with a different profile than a clinically anxious population. Study limitations are identified and considerations for future research presented.

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Gardner, Marcia Rubenstein. "Understanding and Caring for the Child With Asperger Syndrome." Journal of School Nursing 17, no. 4 (August 2001): 178–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10598405010170040201.

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Nurses in a variety of settings encounter children with the unfamiliar diagnosis of Asperger syndrome (AS). This disorder, which falls clinically along the autism spectrum, is receiving increasing attention because of its inclusion in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) as one of the pervasive developmental disorders. The characteristic features of AS include deficits in social skills, atypical understanding of and use of pragmatic language, behavior problems, and a restricted set of interests. Cognitive abilities vary, and some children with AS have high intelligence. In addition, many children with AS have other conditions, such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, Tourette’s syndrome, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and depression. The disorder can result in significant functional difficulties in the home, school, and community contexts. A case study highlights the features of AS, and a related individualized school health care plan demonstrates the school nurse’s role in family and staff education, monitoring for comorbidities, behavioral management, medication management, support to family members, and referral.

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Higham, Lorraine, Imran Piracha, and Juli Crocombe. "Asperger syndrome, internet and fantasy versus reality – a forensic case study." Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities 10, no. 6 (November 7, 2016): 349–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/amhid-07-2015-0034.

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Purpose People with Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are known to have difficulties in their social communication and interaction. The internet is a twenty-first century phenomenon that provides such individuals with a world in which they can exist without the awkwardness of face-to-face contact. The purpose of this paper is to start to illustrate the high risks that can occur when the internet is used as the main forum for interaction in individuals who are socially impaired. Design/methodology/approach This paper provides a brief summary of literature in relation to ASD and risk of offending behaviour followed by a case study of a young man with a diagnosis of Asperger syndrome who was convicted of conspiracy to murder. Findings This paper concludes that possible deficits in central coherence, theory of mind and social skills, combined with extensive periods of time spent alone on the internet forums and a late diagnosis of ASD, may place individuals at risk of committing a serious offence. Originality/value This paper highlights the difficulties that people with Autism may have in separating fantasy from reality and the high level of risk that can occur as a result.

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NAIDU, ANITHA, IAN JAMES, ELIZABETA MUKATOEVA-LADINSKA, and RUTH BRIEL. "Diagnosis of Asperger Syndrome in a 66-year-old male presenting with depression." International Psychogeriatrics 18, no. 1 (March 2006): 171–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610206213474.

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Clarke, Thomas, Anna Tickle, and Alinda Gillott. "Substance use disorder in Asperger syndrome: An investigation into the development and maintenance of substance use disorder by individuals with a diagnosis of Asperger syndrome." International Journal of Drug Policy 27 (January 2016): 154–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2015.06.003.

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Russell, Ailsa J., David Mataix-Cols, Martin Anson, and Declan G. M. Murphy. "Obsessions and compulsions in Asperger syndrome and high-functioning autism." British Journal of Psychiatry 186, no. 6 (June 2005): 525–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.186.6.525.

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BackgroundObsessive–compulsive behaviours are common and disabling in autistic-spectrum disorders (ASD) but little is known about how they compare with those experienced by people with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD).AimTo make such a comparison.MethodA group of adults with high-functioning ASD (n=40) were administered the Yale–Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale and Symptom Checklist and their symptoms compared with a gender-matched group of adults with a primary diagnosis of OCD (n=45). OCD symptoms were carefully distinguished from stereotypic behaviours and interests usually displayed by those with ASD.ResultsThe two groups had similar frequencies of obsessive–compulsive symptoms, with only somatic obsessions and repeating rituals being more common in the OCD group. The OCD group had higher obsessive–compulsive symptom severity ratings but up to 50% of the ASD group reported at least moderate levels of interference from their symptoms.ConclusionsObsessions and compulsions are both common in adults with high-functioning ASD and are associated with significant levels of distress.

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Figueira, Mónica, and Inmaculada Fuentes-Durá. "Social cognition and communication skills in Asperger syndrome young adults." Psychology, Society, & Education 5, no. 2 (April 28, 2017): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.25115/psye.v5i2.502.

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Abstract: The aim of this study is to compare patients with Asperger syndrome (AS) and control participants on social cognition tasks and communication skills. Twenty young adults were assessed in three social cognition domains; recognition of basic emotions, recognition of complex emotions and Theory of Mind (ToM). In addition participants completed a self-report questionnaire as a measure of social communication skills. The results indicate that adults with AS perform below neurotypical control participants in emotion processing, ToM and communication skills. There were no significant correlations between the variables of social cognition and communication skills in the group of AS. Taken together, results suggest that people with a diagnosis of AS present a deficit in ToM and emotional processing as well as in communication skills. However, it was not possible to identify a significant association between the variables of social cognition and communication skills. Cognición social y habilidades de comunicación en adultos jóvenes con síndrome de Asperger Resumen: El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar la ejecución de personas con síndrome de Asperger (AS) en tareas de cognición social y de habilidades comunicacionales. Para ello se evaluaron veinte adultos jóvenes en tres áreas de la cognición social, reconocimiento de emociones básicas, reconocimiento de emociones complejas y Teoría de la Mente (ToM). Además los participantes completaron un autoinforme sobre habilidades de comunicación social. Los resultados indican que los adultos con SA obtienen una peor ejecución en las tareas de procesamiento de las emociones (tanto básicas como complejas), en tareas de ToM y en habilidades de comunicación. No se han obtenido correlaciones significativas entre las variables de cognición social y las habilidades de comunicación. En conjunto, los resultados sugieren que las personas con un diagnóstico de SA presentan un déficit en el procesamiento emocional y de ToM, así como en las habilidades de comunicación. Sin embargo, no fue posible identificar una asociación significativa entre las diferentes variables de cognición social evaluadas y las habilidades de comunicación.

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Howlin, Patricia, and Anna Asgharian. "The diagnosis of autism and Asperger syndrome: findings from a survey of 770 families." Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology 41, no. 12 (December 1999): 834–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0012162299001656.

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Howlin, Patricia, and Anna Asgharian. "The diagnosis of autism and Asperger syndrome: findings from a survey of 770 families." Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology 41, no. 12 (February 13, 2007): 834–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8749.1999.tb00550.x.

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Rodríguez Muñoz, Francisco J. "The construction of cooperative and inferential meaning by children with Asperger syndrome." Topics in Linguistics 20, no. 1 (June 1, 2019): 54–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/topling-2019-0004.

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Abstract This study aims to apply the Gricean theory of conversational cooperation to the example of inferential meaning in the oral speech of children with pragmatic deficit. Firstly, the analysis pays attention to the use of tropic inferences and particularized implicatures in conversation. Secondly, it focuses on the degree of maintenance or flouting with regard to conversational maxims. On average, study participants are 11.15 years old and possess a confirmed clinical diagnosis of Asperger syndrome. Results suggest a rare understanding and production of tropic inferences and particularized implicatures in dialogues, as well as the systematic application of the maxim of quality, the generalized non-fulfilment of the maxim of quantity and different degrees of fulfilment according to the remaining maxims.

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Gillberg, I. Carina, Adam Helles, Eva Billstedt, and Christopher Gillberg. "Boys with Asperger Syndrome Grow Up: Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Disorders 20 Years After Initial Diagnosis." Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 46, no. 1 (July 26, 2015): 74–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-015-2544-0.

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Sharma, Shilpi, Lisa Marks Woolfson, and Simon C. Hunter. "Confusion and inconsistency in diagnosis of Asperger syndrome: a review of studies from 1981 to 2010." Autism 16, no. 5 (August 2, 2011): 465–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361311411935.

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Rosenberg, Rebecca E., Walter E. Kaufmann, J. Kiely Law, and Paul A. Law. "Parent Report of Community Psychiatric Comorbid Diagnoses in Autism Spectrum Disorders." Autism Research and Treatment 2011 (2011): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/405849.

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We used a national online registry to examine variation in cumulative prevalence of community diagnosis of psychiatric comorbidity in 4343 children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Adjusted multivariate logistic regression models compared influence of individual, family, and geographic factors on cumulative prevalence of parent-reported anxiety disorder, depression, bipolar disorder, and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder or attention deficit disorder. Adjusted odds of community-assigned lifetime psychiatric comorbidity were significantly higher with each additional year of life, with increasing autism severity, and with Asperger syndrome and pervasive developmental disorder—not otherwise specified compared with autistic disorder. Overall, in this largest study of parent-reported community diagnoses of psychiatric comorbidity, gender, autistic regression, autism severity, and type of ASD all emerged as significant factors correlating with cumulative prevalence. These findings could suggest both underlying trends in actual comorbidity as well as variation in community interpretation and application of comorbid diagnoses in ASD.

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Coo, H., H. Ouellette-Kuntz, M. Lam, C. T. Yu, D. Dewey, F. P. Bernier, A. E. Chudley, et al. "Correlates of age at diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders in six Canadian regions." Chronic Diseases and Injuries in Canada 32, no. 2 (March 2012): 90–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.24095/hpcdp.32.2.05.

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Introduction Early identification of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is important, since earlier exposure to behavioural intervention programs may result in better outcomes for the child. Moreover, it allows families timely access to other treatments and supports. Methods Using generalized linear modeling, we examined the association between child and family characteristics and the age at which 2180 children were diagnosed with ASD between 1997 and 2005 in six Canadian regions. Results A diagnosis of pervasive developmental disorder-not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS) or Asperger syndrome, rural residence, diagnosis in more recent years, and foreign birthplace were associated with a later age at diagnosis. Children who are visible minorities or who have siblings with ASD were more likely to be diagnosed earlier. Collectively, these factors explained little of the variation in age at diagnosis, however. Conclusion While it is encouraging that ethnocultural identity, neighbourhood income, urban or rural residence, and sex of the child were not major contributors to disparities in the age when children were identified with ASD, more work is needed to determine what does account for the differences observed. Regional variations in the impact of several factors suggest that aggregating data may not be an optimal strategy if the findings are meant to inform policy and clinical practice at the local level.

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Kočovská, Eva, Eva Billstedt, Asa Ellefsen, Hanna Kampmann, I. Carina Gillberg, Rannvá Biskupstø, Guðrið Andorsdóttir, Tormóður Stóra, Helen Minnis, and Christopher Gillberg. "Autism in the Faroe Islands: Diagnostic Stability from Childhood to Early Adult Life." Scientific World Journal 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/592371.

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Childhood autism or autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has been regarded as one of the most stable diagnostic categories applied to young children with psychiatric/developmental disorders. The stability over time of a diagnosis of ASD is theoretically interesting and important for various diagnostic and clinical reasons. We studied the diagnostic stability of ASD from childhood to early adulthood in the Faroe Islands: a total school age population sample (8–17-year-olds) was screened and diagnostically assessed for AD in 2002 and 2009. This paper compares both independent clinical diagnosis and Diagnostic Interview for Social and Communication Disorders (DISCO) algorithm diagnosis at two time points, separated by seven years. The stability of clinical ASD diagnosis was perfect for AD, good for “atypical autism”/PDD-NOS, and less than perfect for Asperger syndrome (AS). Stability of the DISCO algorithm subcategory diagnoses was more variable but still good for AD. Both systems showed excellent stability over the seven-year period for “any ASD” diagnosis, although a number of clear cases had been missed at the original screening in 2002. The findings support the notion that subcategories of ASD should be collapsed into one overarching diagnostic entity with subgrouping achieved on other “non-autism” variables, such as IQ and language levels and overall adaptive functioning.

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Raja, Michele, and Antonella Azzoni. "Thought disorder in Asperger syndrome and schizophrenia: Issues in the differential diagnosis. A series of case reports." World Journal of Biological Psychiatry 10, no. 4-3 (January 2009): 944–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15622970701687303.

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McConachie, Helen, Ann Le Couteur, and Emma Honey. "Can a Diagnosis of Asperger Syndrome be Made in Very Young Children with Suspected Autism Spectrum Disorder?" Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 35, no. 2 (April 2005): 167–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-004-1995-5.

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Cederlund, Mats, Bibbi Hagberg, Eva Billstedt, I. Carina Gillberg, and Christopher Gillberg. "Asperger Syndrome and Autism: A Comparative Longitudinal Follow-Up Study More than 5 Years after Original Diagnosis." Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 38, no. 1 (March 6, 2007): 72–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-007-0364-6.

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Gillberg, Christopher, and Björn Kadesjö. "Why Bother About Clumsiness? The Implications of Having Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD)." Neural Plasticity 10, no. 1-2 (2003): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/np.2003.59.

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Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a common motor problem affecting—even in rather severe form—several percent of school age children. In the past, DCD has usually been called ‘clumsy child syndrome’ or ‘non-cerebralpalsy motor-perception dysfunction’. This disorder is more common in boys than in girls and is very often associated with psychopathology, particularly with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorders/ autistic-type problems. Conversely, children with ADHD and autism spectrum problems, particularly those given a diagnosis of Asperger syndrome, have a very high rate of comorbid DCD. Psychiatrists appear to be unaware of this type of comorbidity in their young patients. Neurologists, on the other hand, usually pay little attention to the striking behavioral and emotional problems shown by so many of their ‘clumsy’ patients. A need exists for a much clearer focus on DCD—in child psychiatry and in child neurology—both in research and in clinical practice.

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Hankin, Cheryl S., Lorrin M. Koran, Amy Bronstone, Donald W. Black, David V. Sheehan, Eric Hollander, Jeffrey D. Dunn, et al. "Adequacy of Pharmacotherapy Among Medicaid-Enrolled Patients Newly Diagnosed with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder." CNS Spectrums 14, no. 12 (December 2009): 695–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852900023956.

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ABSTRACTObjective: To determine the adequacy of pharmacotherapy received by patients with newly-diagnosed obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), based on current practice guidelines.Methods: A 9 year (1997–2006) retrospective claims analysis of adults enrolled in Florida Medicaid for at least 3 continuous years was conducted to determine the percentage who received both a minimally effective duration (≥ 8 continuous weeks) and dose of first-line OCD pharmacotherapy during the year following their first (“index”) OCD diagnosis.Results: Among 2,960,421 adult (≥ 18 years of age) enrollees, 2,921 (0.1%) were diagnosed with OCD. Among the 2,825 OCD patients without comorbid Asperger syndrome or autism, 843 had newly-diagnosed OCD and at least 12 months of follow-up data after their index diagnosis. Among these 843 patients, 588 (69.7%) received first-line OCD pharmacotherapy but only 323 (38.3%) received a minimally effective pharmacotherapy trial in the year following their index diagnosis.Conclusions: Among clinically-diagnosed persons with OCD (<10% of those with the disorder), a minority of newly-diagnosed patients receive a minimally effective pharmacotherapy trial consistent with current standards of care. Reasons such as limited patient adherence and/or physician awareness of guidelines must be identified and redressed to ameliorate the patient, healthcare system, and economic burdens associated with OCD.

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Anckarsäter, H., B. Hofvander, E. Billstedt, I. C. Gillberg, C. Gillberg, E. Wentz, and M. Råstam. "The sociocommunicative deficit subgroup in anorexia nervosa: autism spectrum disorders and neurocognition in a community-based, longitudinal study." Psychological Medicine 42, no. 9 (December 20, 2011): 1957–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291711002881.

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BackgroundA subgroup of persons with anorexia nervosa (AN) have been proposed to have sociocommunicative problems corresponding to autism spectrum disorders [ASDs, i.e. DSM-IV pervasive developmental disorders (PDDs): autistic disorder, Asperger's disorder, PDD not otherwise specified (NOS)]. Here, clinical problems, personality traits, cognitive test results and outcome are compared across 16 subjects (32%) with teenage-onset AN who meet or have met ASD criteria (AN+ASD), 34 ASD-negative AN subjects and matched controls from a longitudinal Swedish study including four waves of independent assessments from the teens to the early thirties.MethodThe fourth wave included the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID)-I and the SCID-II (cluster C, i.e. ‘anxious’ PDs) interviews, the Asperger Syndrome Diagnostic Interview, self-assessments by the Autism Spectrum Quotient and the Temperament and Character Inventory, neurocognitive tests by subscales from the Wechsler scales, continuous performance tests, Tower of London, and Happé's cartoons.ResultsThe ASD assessments had substantial inter-rater reliability over time (Cohen's κ between 0.70 and 0.80 with previous assessments), even if only six subjects had been assigned a diagnosis of an ASD in all four waves of the study, including retrospective assessments of pre-AN neurodevelopmental problems. The AN+ASD group had the highest prevalence of personality disorders and the lowest Morgan–Russell scores. The non-ASD AN group also differed significantly from controls on personality traits related to poor interpersonal functioning and on neurocognitive tests.ConclusionsA subgroup of subjects with AN meet criteria for ASDs. They may represent the extreme of neurocognitive and personality problems to be found more generally in AN.

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Thornton, Kirtley E. "Neurotherapy and Connectivity." Biofeedback 44, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 218–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5298/1081-5937-44.4.03.

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Much of the research involving the quantitative EEG (QEEG), in terms of scientific research and clinical interventions, has focused on the four frequency ranges (Delta, Theta, Alpha, Beta) and their respective amplitudes (microvolt levels). The Beta frequency has typically been separated into segments defined by frequency. These measures can be conceptualized as involving different measures of the brain's arousal level. The other conceptual measure is focused on the communication patterns within the brain and involves coherence and phase measures. These communication measures have revealed scientific and clinically relevant information regarding the brain's functioning. This paper examines the communication problems and patterns in the brain in different clinical conditions: autism, Asperger syndrome, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, Alzheimer's disease/dementia, depression, traumatic brain injury, and cognitive performance. The consistent pattern across all of these conditions is that a decrease in the communication values is related to an increased probability of the presence of the diagnosis.

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Kenny, Hayley, and Alison Jane Stansfield. "How useful are the Adult Asperger Assessment and AQ-10 within an adult clinical population of all intellectual abilities?" Advances in Autism 2, no. 3 (July 4, 2016): 118–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aia-03-2016-0009.

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Purpose – The Adult Asperger Assessment (AAA) was designed to be a screening tool to identify adults with Asperger syndrome and/or high-functioning autism. The AAA includes three questionnaires; the Autism Quotient (AQ), the Empathy Quotient (EQ) and the Relatives Questionnaire (RQ). The Autism Quotient-10 (AQ-10) was designed to be a “red flag” for healthcare professionals considering referral for ASD assessment. The purpose of this paper is to determine the usefulness of the AAA and AQ-10 as part of an adult autism diagnostic pathway that includes patients of all intellectual ability. Design/methodology/approach – Results were obtained for all patients who had received a clinical decision at Leeds Autism Diagnostic Service, which is a service that assesses patients of all intellectual ability, during 2015, n=214. Of these 132 were included in the analysis, 77 patients were excluded for not completing the AAA and four were excluded for not receiving a clinical decision. Findings – Results suggest that patients diagnosed with ASD without intellectual disabilities score on average 35 on the AQ, 17 on the EQ and 20 on the RQ. Those not diagnosed with ASD score on average 33 on the AQ, 22 on the EQ and 15 on the RQ. Patients with intellectual disabilities, scores are lower on the AQ, and higher on the EQ and RQ than those without intellectual disabilities. These results are the same regardless of diagnosis of ASD. The RQ is the only questionnaire to result in a significant difference between those diagnosed and not diagnosed. Results suggest that the AQ-10 is not useful in this clinical population. Research limitations/implications – This study was undertaken as part of a service development improvement process. The specific demographics of this clinical population may have influenced the findings. The process will need to be repeated to ensure that the results are consistent across time and increased sample size. The population of patients with an intellectual disability is small, further studies into the use of the AAA or the design of other intellectual disability specific screening tools should be pursued. It is of note that the AAA was never intended for use within an intellectual disability population. Originality/value – This is an original paper as it will be the first to consider the usefulness of each of the aspects of the AAA collectively. It will be the first to assess: the AQ-10 alongside the AAA, the usefulness of the AAA regardless of intellectual ability and the usefulness of the AAA within a clinical population by using the diagnostic outcome as the benchmark of the usefulness of the AAA scores. This paper will only be discussing the scores generated by the AAA, and the correlation of these scores with a diagnosis.

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Myhr, Gail. "Autism and other Pervasive Developmental Disorders: Exploring the Dimensional View." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 43, no. 6 (August 1998): 589–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674379804300607.

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Objective: To examine empirical data on children with autistic disorder (AD), Asperger's disorder, and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS) for continuities or distinguishing features between disorders and to see to what extent the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) diagnostic criteria reflect observed data. Method: Studies were identified in 4 ways. 1) A Medline search from 1976 to the present of articles with the key words autism, pervasive developmental disorder, autistic spectrum disorder, and Asperger; of these articles, those with mesh headings or textwords “cluster,” which identified cluster analyses deriving pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) subtypes, were retained. 2) The Journal of Autistic and Developmental Disorders from 1990 to the present was hand-searched to identify other empirically derived studies on diagnosis, prevalence, classification, and validity of PDD subtypes. 3) Key review articles were searched for their references. 4) The references of all identified articles were searched. Results: Eight cluster studies were retained for their relevance to diagnostic issues, as were 7 empirically derived studies delineating clinical characteristics of children with AD, Asperger's syndrome, or PDD-NOS. Data suggest that children with PDD may fit into 1 of 2 overlapping groups, including a lower-functioning group with greater developmental compromise, social aloofness, and a greater number of autistic symptoms and a higher-functioning group with higher IQ, fewer autistic symptoms, and more prosocial behaviour. The PDD subtypes resemble each other and can be seen as existing on a continuum, differing only by degree of impairment. Conclusion: Children exhibiting the triad of autistic impairments can be seen as suffering from disorders on a PDD continuum. While the DSM-IV does identify a lower-functioning autistic group (AD), the higher-functioning group is less well served. Asperger's disorder as defined in the DSM-IV is not clearly distinguishable from AD and PDD-NOS, and the PDD-NOS subcategory is not operationalized. Further research is required to elaborate criteria for the higher-functioning PDD group, and measures related to etiology, outcome, and treatment response may help determine which diagnostic criteria can meaningfully separate one disorder from another.

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Limburg, Joanne. "‘But That's Just What You Can't Do’: Personal Reflections on the Construction and Management of Identity Following a Late Diagnosis of Asperger Syndrome." Life Writing 13, no. 1 (December 18, 2015): 141–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14484528.2016.1120639.

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Łucka, Izabela, Joanna Pleskot-Kaczmarek, Agnieszka Rynkiewicz, and Ewa Przybyła-Ożóg. "Zespół Aspergera u bliźniąt – dylematy diagnostyczne i terapeutyczne. Opis przypadku." Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna 14, no. 1 (May 30, 2014): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.15557/pipk.2014.0007.

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Steinberg, A. S., and A. L. Voskov. "Work of Support Group for Adults with Asperger’s Syndrome in Russia." Autism and Developmental Disorders 18, no. 2 (2020): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/autdd.2020180208.

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Problems with Asperger's syndrome diagnostic in adults in Russia and obsolete practice of replacement of the diagnosis after age of 18 caused necessity of organization of specialized supports and efforts for social adaptation of such individuals. Experience of organization and leading the support group (that works since 2010) for adults with Asperger’s syndrome and high functioning autism is described: conditions, rules and recommendations for its organization. The discussed topics include autism awareness, social integration, personal relationships, autism symptoms and coping strategies, independent life. The participants report that the group is beneficial as a comfortable place for socialization, life experience exchange, development of self-acceptance, self-awareness and independent life skills. Involvement of psychologists in leading of some group meetings showed the necessity to extend their knowledge about autism spectrum disorders in adults. A review of screening tests and other aspects of self-diagnosis is given. Analysis of functioning of the support group for people with Asperger's syndrome and high-functioning autism confirmed large demand on this kind of help and its necessity for improving life quality.

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Anderson, Stephen, and Jane Morris. "Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for People with Asperger Syndrome." Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 34, no. 3 (December 23, 2005): 293–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1352465805002651.

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People with Asperger syndrome (AS) appear to have higher than expected rates of co-morbid psychiatric disorder. The main co-morbid diagnoses are anxiety disorders and depression, but eating disorders, obsessive compulsive disorder, substance abuse and bipolar affective disorder have all been reported. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) is used effectively to treat these conditions, so could it be used in people who also have Asperger syndrome? This paper reviews important components and characteristics of cognitive behaviour therapy in relation to its use with people who have Asperger syndrome with reference to the relevant literature and to feedback from people with AS. The use of CBT in people with Asperger syndrome appears promising, but further work is needed to evaluate its effectiveness and to examine which particular aspects of therapy are helpful.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Asperger syndrome/diagnosis'

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