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Journal articles on the topic 'Assimilation (Phonetics)'
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Ali Al-Fadhli, Dr Bushra Hussein. "Structural phonemes in the Linguistic research in Previously and Currently." ALUSTATH JOURNAL FOR HUMAN AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 227, no. 1 (December 1, 2018): 345–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.36473/ujhss.v227i1.699.
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Linguistic sounds are studied by two branches: phonetics and phonology. The orientalists have studied Arabic phonemes and their phonetic variance like slanting or intensification in the field of phonetics because they are pronunciational changes that do not alter the meaning of the word in Arabic.
Most orientalists see the historical transformations of sounds (unconditional) are from phonetics whereas other orientalists, while others view it as being part of phonology. The orientalists paid great attention to the study of the structural changes of sounds (conditional) like assimilation, and substitution and other phenomena which are subjected to the phonetic laws that enter in phonology.
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Flemming, Edward. "Scalar and categorical phenomena in a unified model of phonetics and phonology." Phonology 18, no. 1 (May 2001): 7–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952675701004006.
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It is often assumed that there is a sharp division between phonetic and phonological processes, but the two are often strikingly similar, as in the case of phonetic consonant–vowel coarticulation and phonological assimilation between consonants and vowels. Parallels of this kind are best accounted for if both types of phenomena are analysed within a unified framework, so similarities result from the fact that both phonetic and phonological processes are subject to the same constraints. A unified model of phonetics and phonology is developed and exemplified through the analysis of parallel phonetic and phonological assimilation processes. The model operates in terms of scalar phonetic representations to accommodate phonetic detail, but categorical phenomena can still be derived from the interaction of speech production constraints with constraints that motivate the formation of distinct categories of sounds for the purposes of linguistic contrast.
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Haładewicz-Grzelak, Małgorzata. "Zabrocki’s structural phonetics in the case study of velar POA assimilation in Latinate prefixation in RP English." Lingua Posnaniensis 56, no. 2 (December 1, 2014): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/linpo-2014-0011.
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Abstract Zabrocki understood structural phonetics as a branch of phonetics concerned with analyzing acodal (substantial) systems (cf. Bańczerowski 1980: 13). In this theory, each sound has a specific acoustic and articulatory substance. Zabrocki constructed linear substantial sound structures based on measuring the amount of substance implied in the articulation. Diachronic structural phonetics, in turn, is the application of synchronically defined phonetic and acoustic relations to the study of language change. This paper investigates a synchronic scenario for velar POA assimilation in Latinate prefixation in English and tests the findings against the tenets of Zabrocki’s theory. The results show that Zabrocki’s structural phonetics perfectly accounts for the empirical findings. The corpus of investigation is comprised of realizations of all RP English Latinate prefixes ending with /n/, collected from various pronunciation dictionaries (online and paper). As a collateral corpus, recordings of two native speakers of English were made in which they produced some of the corpus material, as well as nonce words and unusual lexemes not listed in pronunciation dictionaries
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Tucker, Benjamin V., and Natasha Warner. "What it means to be phonetic or phonological: the case of Romanian devoiced nasals." Phonology 27, no. 2 (July 21, 2010): 289–324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952675710000138.
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Abstract phonological patterns and detailed phonetic patterns can combine to produce unusual acoustic results, but criteria for what aspects of a pattern are phonetic and what aspects are phonological are often disputed. Early literature on Romanian makes mention of nasal devoicing in word-final clusters (e.g. in /basm/ ‘fairy-tale’). Using acoustic, aerodynamic and ultrasound data, the current work investigates how syllable structure, prosodic boundaries, phonetic paradigm uniformity and assimilation influence Romanian nasal devoicing. It provides instrumental phonetic documentation of devoiced nasals, a phenomenon that has not been widely studied experimentally, in a phonetically underdocumented language. We argue that sound patterns should not be separated into phonetics and phonology as two distinct systems, but neither should they all be grouped together as a single, undifferentiated system. Instead, we argue for viewing the distinction between phonetics and phonology as a largely continuous multidimensional space, within which sound patterns, including Romanian nasal devoicing, fall.
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Shurpaeva, M. I. "Regularities of mastering the accent of the Russian language of bilingual students." Язык и текст 5, no. 2 (2018): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/langt.2018050202.
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The article deals with the specifics of mastering the accentological norms of the Russian language of bilingual students. The regularities of assimilation of stress associated with the peculiarities of the native language and the properties of Russian stress. Types of exercises and tasks for development of skills of selection of shock syllable, assimilation of formative and semantic functions of stress are offered. The necessity of taking into account the relationship of phonetics, grammar and vocabulary in the process of assimilating the norms of stress bilingual students.
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Łukaszewicz, Beata. "The dynamical landscape: phonological acquisition and the phonology–phonetics link." Phonology 38, no. 1 (February 2021): 81–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952675721000051.
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During acquisition children internalise adult-based phonological patterns and alternately adopt and discard child-specific patterns reflecting their unskilled production. The child-specific patterns are often assumed to be low-level phonetic effects, and so, in a classical modular feedforward grammar, they should not interfere with the higher-level adult-based phonology. This paper reports an interaction in which the application of a categorical adult-based process (Voice Assimilation) is conditioned by a gradient child-specific process (fricative devoicing). Acoustic analyses of longitudinal data from a Polish-speaking child reveal variable Voice Assimilation effects in target voiced fricative–stop/stop–fricative clusters (voicing and devoicing), correlated with the extent of voicing in fricatives in non-assimilatory contexts. I analyse this phonology–phonetics trade-off by appealing to symbol-like dynamical representations, expressed in the language of non-linear mathematics. Such representations offer a non-derivational link between the qualitative and quantitative aspects of speech. Variability ensues as a natural consequence of grammar change.
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Morhunova, Nadiia Serhiivna, Daria Volodymyrivna Riazantseva, Stanislava Оleksandrivna Prykhodko, Inha Yevhenivna Semenenko, and Iryna Mykolaivna Kushnir. "The Effectiveness of the Use of Nationally Oriented Methodology in the Study of the Ukrainian Language by Chinese Students (Phonetic Aspect)." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 13, no. 10 (October 2, 2023): 2439–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1310.02.
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In the process of studying the Ukrainian language as a foreign language, Chinese students experience the greatest difficulties in learning the phonetic aspect of the language, which is due to significant differences between the typologically distant Chinese and Ukrainian languages. The study analyzed the peculiarities of the Ukrainian language from the point of view of teaching phonetics to students from China, and identified typical phonetic errors of Chinese students in the pronunciation of Ukrainian sounds. In order to methodically justify the selection of phonetic material, a comparative analysis of the phonetic systems of the Chinese literary (Putonghua) and Ukrainian languages was carried out, which made it possible to identify difficulties in teaching the Chinese to pronounce Ukrainian, which are caused by the peculiarities of the Chinese language, and to classify the pronunciation of Ukrainian sounds according to the difficulty of assimilation in comparison with Chinese sounds. The Curriculum for the phonetic course of the Ukrainian language for Chinese students and the methodological tools for its implementation are presented. The results of the conducted research and pedagogical experiment testify to the effectiveness of the developed nationally oriented method of studying the phonetics of the Ukrainian language by Chinese students based on taking into account the differences between the two languages.
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Shirobokova, N. N., and N. N. Fedina. "Some of the features of the consonant system of the Chalkan language." Languages and Folklore of Indigenous Peoples of Siberia, no. 38 (2019): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/2312-6337-2019-2-51-57.
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In the following article, we describe the changes that have occurred in Chalkan phonetics over the last 70 years. We compare the consonant system data collected by N. A. Baskakov to modern research data of Siberian experimental phonetics. Certain differences between the Chalkan phonetic systems and other Siberian languages are revealed. We also describe the phonetic processes that are currently taking place in the modern Chalkan language. We list the following changes in Chalkan consonantism: nasalization of labial consonants in anlaut (p- → m-), denasalization of labial consonants in inlaut (-m- → -β-), spirantization of occlusive labial phonemes in inlaut (-p- → -β-), replacement of the anlaut č- by the Altai ħ-, removal of the final fricative low-obstruent super-weak -ɣ. In Siberian Turkic languages, including the Chalkan language (as well as some Kipchak languages, including Kyrgyz, Kazakh, etc.), one may observe a process that can be characterized as a shift of phonotactic trends typical for monosyllabic roots in inter-morphemic clusters of consonants. As the model of affix annexation via connective vowels disappeared, the number of inter-morphemic consonant combinations increased, intensifying the processes of assimilation. Cases of progressive assimilation are the most common: if a stem ends with a vowel or a sonorous consonant, the first obstruent consonant of the affix is either voiced or sonorous (tүn=de ‘at night’, palъ=ɡe ‘to the child’ in Chalkan). If a stem ends with a voiceless consonant, the first consonant of the affix is also voiceless (pᴜlᴜt(t)e ‘on a cloud’, kaske ‘to a goose’ in Chalkan). The Chalkan languages possesses traits typical for Southern Siberian Turkic languages; however, it also has traits similar to those of Kipchak languages, namely the relatively high degree of preservation of voiceless intervocalic consonants in stems (whereas in inter-morphemic positions they are voiced).
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Markus-Narvila, Liene. "Ieskats Virgas izloksnes fonētikā un morfoloģijā." Vārds un tā pētīšanas aspekti: rakstu krājums = The Word: Aspects of Research: conference proceedings, no. 24 (December 2, 2020): 114–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.37384/vtpa.2020.24.114.
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Virga subdialect is one of the subdialects of Southwestern Kurzeme, which belongs to Semigallian subdialects of the Middle Latvian dialect. The characteristics of Virga subdialect can be traced by using mostly three sources: materials of Latvian folklore, the compiled answers to the questions of the Dialectal Atlas of Latvian collection programme, and collected texts of the subdialects, including the materials of expeditions in Virga subdialect collected in the 21st century. These three sources are the primary material for the article. The phonetic and morphological features of Virga subdialect are generally consistent with the phonetical and morphological features typical throughout the Southwestern Kurzeme region. The sections of the article focus on the typical and most representative features in phonetics and morphology of Virga subdialect and reveal their relationship with the typical features of the subdialects used in the whole area. Phonetics of Virga subdialect is characterised by the use of broad e, ē in infinitives, palatal consonant ŗ, assimilation of ln to ll, the loss of sounds in different positions, anaptyxis, and vowel extension before the consonant r. Morphology of Virga subdialect is characterised by the abbreviation of verbs (ne)būt, (ne)iet in the past tense, the third person; ē-stem substantives; āio-stem verbs; the use of suffix ūz-. In the future, further research of Virga subdialect is important in order to determine the stability of the use of the registered features and register other features of the subdialect. Studies of the nearest neighbouring subdialects should also be carried out to allow a wider scientific in-depth analysis of the subdialects used in the area.
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Asadchykh, Oksana, Nataliia Sorokina, Tetiana Pereloma, Oleksandra Popova, and Vladyslava Konotopets. "Mobile applications in developing phonetic competence of the Chinese language." Global Chinese 10, no. 1 (April 1, 2024): 21–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/glochi-2023-0027.
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Abstract This work examines the relevance and practical value of using mobile applications to develop phonetic competence in the Chinese language among future philologists–sinologists. The study aims to analyse the advantages of mobile applications for both classroom and autonomous learning, focussing on their structure and functions. The research methods employed include theoretical substantiation and the characterization of Standard Mandarin and HelloChinese mobile applications. This study asserts that incorporating these mobile applications enhances the assimilation of practical material and increases students’ motivation to master Chinese phonetics. Furthermore, the researchers have developed a set of exercises that utilize these mobile applications, aiming to improve students’ phonetic competence in the Chinese language, whether in a foreign language classroom or during autonomous learning. Results of the research are based on a quantitative investigation, which demonstrates the effectiveness of mobile applications at all stages of future philologists–sinologists’ language practice. Additionally, the use of mobile applications assists in monitoring students’ performance through intermediate assessments. The research findings further confirm the high efficiency of mobile applications in developing phonetic competence, particularly in the context of distance learning.
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Velichkova, L. V., and O. V. Abakumova. "PHONETIC AND PSYCHOLINGUISTIC APPROACH TO CONSIDERATION OF SPEECH PATHOLOGY "STUTTER"." Modern Linguistic and Methodical-and-Didactic Researches, no. 1(32) (December 31, 2021): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.36622/mlmdr.2021.32.1.005.
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Problem statement. The article examines the phenomenon of stuttering from a phonetic and psycholinguistic point of view. Speech rhythm has recently become a close object of research in phonetics and speech. The actual data from these studies have not penetrated significantly into the field of speech therapy. The speech rhythm is considered from the point of view of physiology, neurolinguistics, psycholinguistics. Data on the primary assimilation of the parameters of the speech rhythm of the native language from the point of view of phonetics create the idea of "inscribing" articulatory movements into the rhythmic matrix of words and phrases. Violations in the implementation of this matrix make it possible to trace the behavior of articulatory complexes when the rhythmic basis fails. The paper describes an experimental study of speech rhythm disturbance as the cause of speech errors (pathologies). Results and conclusion. Verbal and non-verbal components are used to rhythmize speech activity. Corrective techniques are used, because of which a prolonged emotionally positive state arises, and the voluntary use of a new speech program begins. This state is introduced in the process of auto-training. Emotionally comfortable state when using rhythmized speech is fixed on functional speech training. We are talking about strengthening the speech rhythm of the native language without distorting its parameters.
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Bolozky, Shmuel. "Constraints on Ease of Articulation in the Phonetics of Israeli Hebrew Casual Speech." Hebrew Studies 64, no. 1 (2023): 189–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hbr.2023.a912657.
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Abstract: In the casual speech register, speakers naturally tend to facilitate ease of articulation, usually through processes of assimilation, reduction and elision, occasionally by insertion of certain vowels or consonantal glides. Such processes of assimilation, reduction or elision usually affect elements perceived to be weak, or minimal, and whose presence is not truly required (phonetically, or semantically), or that are easily recoverable from the context. There are, however, constraints on ease of articulation processes, preventing them from violating certain phonetic restrictions. There are also independent considerations that prevent reduction, elision or assimilation if they may affect significant semantic distinctions that are too essential to ignore. Thus, for instance, there exists a preference for secondary stress assignment resulting in alternating rhythm of stressed and unstressed syllables in connected Hebrew speech; the configuration realigns itself in cases of vowel deletion, or when a "minimal" vowel is inserted to prevent sonority-hierarchy violations, or when a "stress clash" arises, and one of the syllables may need to be destressed to accommodate the alternating stress rhythm. However, another constraint assures that no destressing of the main stress of regular lexical items occur if the word concerned cannot easily be reconstructed from the context. Furthermore, no shifting is allowed in the placement of the main lexical stress, unless it is a function word or a very frequent, easily identified lexical item. A few phonetic constraints will be discussed in some detail, as well as semantic ones reassuring that the processing of meaning will not be negatively affected by phonetic "ease-of-articulation" processes.
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Kim, Hyun. "Phonetics of Korean /ɯ/ following bilabial consonants -Is vowel rounding an assimilation?-." Journal of Korean Linguistics 98 (June 30, 2021): 83–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.15811/jkl.2021..98.004.
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Recasens, Daniel. "Typology of mixing articulatory gestures in phonetics and phonology." Loquens 6, no. 1 (February 27, 2019): 057. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/loquens.2019.057.
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The present paper analyzes the typology of cases of gestural blending in sequences of homorganic phonetic segments and indicates how gestural blending mechanisms differ from other processes of intersegmental adaptation commonly referred to as coarticulation and assimilation. The article establishes a distinction between three gestural blending types: by static intermediation, by dynamic intermediation, and by articulatory overlap. These mechanisms are analyzed with lingual configuration and linguopalatal contact data for sequences of lingual consonants from Catalan and other languages. An interpretation of gestural blending mechanisms is proposed which is based on notions such as the degree of articulatory adaptability of different lingual regions and the manner of articulation requirements for the consonants involved.
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Petek, Ercan, and Marlen Adilov. "Language of Abai poems manuscripts (some phonetic differences)." Turkic Studies Journal 4, no. 1 (2022): 70–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2664-5157-2022-1-70-85.
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The version of the Murseit manuscripts written in 1907 is one of the main original works of Abai. As known, Abai’s poems were written and prepared for publication by Murseit Bikeuly (1860-1917). The poems and words of edification that he wrote down during Abai’s lifetime, he handed over to the press after the poet’s death. Thanks to his patient work, these texts are now known to a wide range of readers. Murseit Bikeuly perfectly knew the written language of that time, and Abai instructed him, who was engaged in teaching in the Semipalatinsk region, to write down his poems. Abai’s manuscripts, written by himself, unfortunately, has not yet been found. The article analyzes the linguistic features of the manuscript of Abai’s poems written in Arabic graphics by Murseit Bikeuly. The article provides a brief analysis of the phonetic differences between the handwritten text and the phonetics of the modern Kazakh language. The issues related to phonetic patterns, namely the law of synharmonism, regressive assimilation, phonetic variations, spelling rules are considered. The linguistic analysis is confirmed by illustrations from the desired manuscript and other works of Abai.
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Romanov, D. A. "The Problem of Assimilation in Softness of Dental Consonants in Modern Speech Practice." Russian language at school 80, no. 2 (March 19, 2019): 88–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.30515/0131-6141-2019-80-2-88-91.
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The article discusses the current state of the system of assimilative softening of dental consonants before soft dentals, which was compulsory and regular for Russian phonetics in the past. The factors that facilitate and hinder such regular softening are revealed. A detailed description of the orthoepic norm in the considered area is given and recommendations are formulated for presenting this material in new orthoepic reference books.
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Capovilla, Fernando. "Phonological reading route in Portuguese: Paradoxical precise non-word decoding contrary to purported conversion grammar rules." International Journal of Psychology and Neuroscience 9, no. 1 (April 30, 2023): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.56769/ijpn09101.
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Abstract It is traditionally said that the phonological reading route operates based on the application of grapheme-to-phoneme conversion rules. Indeed, know-why decoding is based on orthoepic grammatical rules that specify how grapheme pronunciation depends on grapheme position. However, know-how decoding performance may be based on intuition derived from drill-and-practice modeling and shaping. It may occur in the absence of rules, and even in opposition to the rules readers subscribe to. The present study explores that paradox. In Portuguese pronunciation, the “S” coda is uttered as /z/ when preceding voiced attacks (B, D, G, J, L, M, N, V, Z). Even though Brazilian fluent readers exhibit that assimilation phonetic process in their reading aloud, they tend to be unaware of it. When asked how “S” is to be uttered, they state the inter-vowel grammar position rule: “We always utter ‘S’ as /s/, except when it occurs in between vowels. In that case, and only in that case, we utter ‘S’ as /z/.” In the present study, 40 elementary-school students (3rd-6th grades, aged 8-11 years) read aloud 18 non-words: ASBA, ASCA, ASDA, ASFA, ASGA, ASJA, ASKA, ASLA, ASME, ASNA, ASPA, ASQUA, ASRA, ASSA, ASTA, ASVA, ASXA, ASZA. Results: Upon being interviewed before reading, each student stated the same grammar inter-vowel position rule. During reading, younger students failed to perform phonetic junctions due to syllabification. Long inter-syllabic pauses prevented phonetic junction and, thence, “S”-coda assimilation. In contrast, older students showed perfectly fluent and precise know-how decoding performance. Due to their extensive history of drill-and-practice modeling and shaping, they performed phonetic junction and thus presented perfect “S”-coda voicing. They were surprised upon realizing they performed perfectly and in perfect contrast to the rule they had just stated. Their teachers were submitted to the same task and were equally puzzled and even ashamed. In conclusion: (1) When reading fluency emerges, syllabification is replaced by a phonetic junction. Therefore, the emergence of the phonetic assimilation process of “S”-coda voicing may be regarded as a reading-fluency landmark; (2) Once reading fluency emerges, the phonetic assimilation process of “S”-coda voicing emerges with it as an unconscious process that occurs independently from grammar position rules, and in complete opposition to them; (3) Know-how decoding performance is based on intuition derived from drill-and-practice modeling and shaping. It may be dissociated from know-why decoding knowledge, which is based on orthoepic grammatical rules that specify how grapheme pronunciation depends on grapheme position. Know-how decoding performance may occur in the absence of rules, or even in total contrast to the rules that readers subscribe to, due to phonetic processes that readers are unaware of, such as assimilation. Therefore, the assumption that “the phonological route works based on the application of conversion rules” is unwarranted. Instead, phonological route works based primarily on intuitive decoding derived from the statistical distribution of grapheme-phoneme patterns in language, which is implemented by drill-and-practice modeling and shaping. Orthoepic grammar rules are secondarily added to inform intuition so that conversion is made dependent on grapheme position. Keywords: Reading, Decoding, Phonology, Phonetics, Rule, Expectancy.
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Sedó, Beatriz, Lauren B. Schmidt, and Erik W. Willis. "Rethinking the phonological process of /s/ voicing assimilation in Spanish: An acoustic comparison of three regional varieties." Studies in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics 13, no. 1 (May 27, 2020): 167–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/shll-2020-2027.
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AbstractSpanish is described as having an /s/ regressive voicing assimilation process by which the sibilant is voiced when followed by a voiced consonant. However, experimental studies documenting the nature of the process – including variation in its realization across speech varieties – are limited. The current study presents an acoustic analysis of the phonetic nature of the process, including an analysis of the linguistic and social factors which influence voicing of the /s/. Using an identical controlled phrase elicitation task, rates and location of voicing within the /s/ segment were compared across three varieties of Spanish: Mexican Spanish (Mexico City) and two Peninsular varieties (León and Vitoria). Different voicing rates and different linguistic voicing predictors were found across dialects. The data suggest that /s/ voicing before a voiced consonant is far from a categorical process in Spanish, with variable rates of application between 43% and 63%. We propose that, based on the data, /s/ voicing in Spanish is, in fact, better understood as a progressive voicing process (i. e. continuation of voicing from the previous vowel), and that the linguistic factors that condition voicing can be explained in part through articulatory and aerodynamic mechanisms. We also discuss the phonetics and phonology of the process.
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Saienko, Nataliia. "The influence of phonetic competence on the success of cross-cultural communication." Bulletin of Kharkov National Automobile and Highway University 1, no. 102 (January 26, 2024): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.30977/bul.2219-5548.2023.102.1.104.
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Problem. The developed phonetic competence is a prerequisite for successful cross-cultural communication, as it ensures mutual understanding of interlocutors in communication. The limited number of hours for learning a foreign language in a technical university, on the one hand, and the emergence of an increasing number of digital educational tools, on the other hand, require the search for new means of teaching phonetics in the context of preparation for cross-cultural communication. Goal. To analyze the methods of developing phonetic skills of non-linguistic HEI students and to propose new approaches to the combined development of phonetic and sociocultural competences using modern digital technologies. Methodology. It is determined that mastering the phonetic system of the language means a high level of development of phonetic skills, which include auditory-pronunciation, intonation, receptive and reproductive skills. The stages of formation of phonetic competence are traced, and a number of principles underlying the teaching of pronunciation are highlighted. The existing approaches to the formation of phonetic competence are analyzed, it is indicated that most effectively the task of teaching pronunciation can be solved using the audio-lingual method, which involves repeated listening and pronunciation of speech fragments, and leads to the formation of certain language automatisms. When developing new methods of forming phonetic competence, mobile technologies can be actively used, which allow learning the language at any convenient time and in any convenient place. Results. For the combined formation of phonetic and cross-cultural competences using the audio-lingual method, the course "Cultural sketches" was developed, which included thirty culture-related topics covering the most diverse fields of culture: Each topic was presented as an audiovisual file with parallel translation, the texts were processed using translingual strategies, which imply the alternating use of native and foreign languages, giving students the opportunity to practice language fragments as many times as they needed to consolidate the material and bring it to automaticity. Originality. Phonetic competence was formed in combination with cross-cultural competence, which implies assimilation of a wide range of sociocultural knowledge from various fields of human activity, using the method of audiovisual translation, which was implemented thanks to the use of mobile technologies. Practical value. The experience of practical work with the use of mobile tools for teaching phonetics shows that this approach makes it possible to increase the level of phonetic competence in the use of the English language by future specialists, and also stimulates them to self-development and independent activity.
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Alsoudi, Omar Mohammad Abed Alwali. "The Broken Plural in Arabic." English Linguistics Research 12, no. 1 (March 28, 2023): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/elr.v12n1p22.
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This paper aims to examine types and patterns of the broken plural in Arabic and the impact of phonological rules and ascending and descending diphthongs on the formation of the broken plural in Arabic. It also highlights particular phonological processes such as assimilation, dissimilation, and ascending and descending diphthongs so that it appears that these diphthongs have been phonetically changed by virtue of sound elision, sometimes accomplished by compensation (sound replacement) and sometimes without compensation; on the other hand, the diphthong may remain unchanged since it maintains the clarity and easiness of the linguistic form. Based on what I have so far studied in Arabic grammar, ancient Arabic grammarians explained these patterns alongside the linguistic changes that occur whilst contemporary Arabic scholars used creative and innovative ways to explain them more precisely and accurately. It could be argued that phonetic transcription has played a key role in that. Therefore, this paper is an academic endeavor to study the linguistic aspects of the broken plural in Arabic, with a particular focus on their syntax, phonetics and phonology.
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Bárkányi, Zsuzsanna. "The acquisition of voicing assimilation by advanced Hungarian learners of Spanish." Revista Española de Lingüística Aplicada/Spanish Journal of Applied Linguistics 31, no. 1 (August 27, 2018): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/resla.17016.bar.
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Abstract This study examines the effect of explicit phonological instruction on the acquisition of variable /s/ voicing in Spanish by advanced Hungarian learners. Hungarian and Spanish have very similar, yet not identical, voicing assimilation (VA) systems; the most important difference lies in the pre-sonorant context as sonorant consonants trigger voicing assimilation in Spanish but not in Hungarian. Data were collected in acoustic experiments from 7 native speakers of Northern Peninsular Spanish and 12 Hungarian university students who were advanced learners of Spanish. The latter group was tested twice: before and after a three-month Spanish phonetics and phonology course. Our data reveal that this amount of instruction is not enough for L2 speakers to overcome their first language VA system, which might be attributed, in part, to the variable allophonic nature of the process and the similarity between the two languages’ VA systems.
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Yusupov, Otabek Yakubovich. "The russification legacy of historical monuments of Uzbekistan." Linguistics and Culture Review 5, S1 (November 13, 2021): 1535–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21744/lingcure.v5ns1.1746.
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This article illustrates the naming convention of historical monuments by the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union in Uzbekistan. The Russification is a form of cultural assimilation during which the non-Russian communities whether voluntary or involuntary gave up their culture or statehood or language in favor of the Russian culture. Undeniably, the Russification in the naming convention of Uzbekistan’s historical monuments still bears its legacy. For instance, the names of archaeological finding on the territories of Selengur—Kulbulak and Teshiktash—pronounced in the Russian phonetics rather than Uzbek. Rather, Kulbulak is ought to be spelled Qulbuloq; and, Teshiktash—Teshiktosh.
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Yusupov, Otabek Yakubovich. "russification legacy of historical monuments of Uzbekistan." Linguistics and Culture Review 5, S2 (November 11, 2021): 1030–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21744/lingcure.v5ns2.1718.
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This article illustrates the naming convention of historical monuments by the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union in Uzbekistan. The Russification is a form of cultural assimilation during which the non-Russian communities whether voluntary or involuntary gave up their culture or statehood or language in favor of the Russian culture. Undeniably, the Russification in the naming convention of Uzbekistan’s historical monuments still bears its legacy. For instance, the names of archaeological finding on the territories of Selengur—Kulbulak and Teshiktash—pronounced in the Russian phonetics rather than Uzbek. Rather, Kulbulak is ought to be spelled Qulbuloq; and, Teshiktash—Teshiktosh.
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Gutiérrez, César. "The relationship between palatalisation and labial consonants in Castilian Spanish." Loquens 7, no. 1 (May 31, 2021): e071. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/loquens.2020.071.
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In spite of the many studies devoted to the palatal outcomes of the Latin clusters PL and FL in Old Spanish, some other clusters and sequences composed of labial consonants such as -PUL-, -BVL-, -BE,I-, -VE,I- and -MI- have received little attention. The aim of this paper is to analyze the phonetic aspects of the diachronic evolution of these clusters and sequences into their Old Spanish outcomes [ʎ], [ɟ] y [ɲtʃ]. To this end, experimental, dialectal and comparative data from Old Spanish as well as from other Romance languages will be used. This will lead to the conclusion that the sound changes in both [Clabial + l] and [Clabial + j] clusters were based on the same articulatory mechanisms: a strengthening of the segment following the labial consonant and the later deletion of the labial, if it was a stop, or its assimilation to the point of articulation of the palatal, if it was a nasal. The implications of these conclusions for the evolution of pl and fl clusters in Old Spanish, as well as for the methodology in historical phonetics, will be pointed out.
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Celata, Chiara, Silvia Calamai, Irene Ricci, and Chiara Bertini. "Nasal place assimilation between phonetics and phonology: An EPG study of Italian nasal-to-velar clusters." Journal of Phonetics 41, no. 2 (March 2013): 88–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wocn.2012.10.002.
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Willms, Lothar. "Augusta Treverorum Vulgaris: Linguistic Change and Cultural Integration in the Vulgar Latin Inscriptions of Trier (germany)." Acta Antiqua Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 59, no. 1-4 (September 25, 2020): 651–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/068.2019.59.1-4.56.
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SummaryThe copious corpus of deviations from standard Latin from Trier spans more than 800 years (50 BC–800 AD) and comprises both pagan and Christian inscriptions, the latter exclusively on tombstones. This paper points out the most salient non-standard features in the categories of phonetics, morphology, syntax and vocabulary. Most of them conform to standard Vulgar Latin, but some yield features of the inscriptions’ area, such as Western Romance (preservation of final -s, voicing intervocalic stops), Gallo-Romance (qui instead of quae, nasalisation), and the extinct Moselle Romance. A few features might reflect Gaulish substrate influence ([u] > [y], e before nasals > i, ē > ī, ō > ū, -m > -n). Clues for palatalisation and the raisings ē > ī, ō > ū are the most prominent phonetic features, the latter supporting, combined with the preservation of final -s, a renewed paradigm of nominal inflection. Morphosyntactic changes are driven by analogy and regularisations. Starting at the fringes, the erosion of case syntax ended up in a complete breakdown. Christianity fostered the recording of previously undocumented substandard features, completed the assimilation of Celtic (which pagan polytheism and the upwards mobility of Roman society had initiated) and supported the cultural integration of Germanic immigrants.Piae memoriae Henrici Heinen, viri doctissimi
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Hadiyatulloh, Rifqi, Ekaning Dewanti Laksmi, and Suharyadi Suharyadi. "Investigating EFL Teachers’ Difficulties in Connected Speech." Jurnal Pendidikan: Teori, Penelitian, dan Pengembangan 6, no. 9 (September 15, 2021): 1376. http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/jptpp.v6i9.14983.
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<p class="Abstrak"><strong>Abstract:</strong> English teachers must have adequtae knowledge of pronunciation like phonetics and phonology. They also must be able to perform a good speaking performance as they must be linguistic models for their students in the class. This study investiagted several phonological aspects of connected speech such as linking, elision, and assimilation by EFL English teachers. The result revealed that assimilation was the most difficult phonological aspects of connected speech rather than linking or elision. The major difference between English and native language of the teachers could be the main reason of their contrains related to connected speech aspects.</p><strong>Abstrak:</strong> Guru bahasa Inggris harus memiliki pengetahuan yang memadai tentang pengucapan seperti fonetik dan fonologi. Mereka juga harus mampu berbicara dengan baik karena mereka harus menjadi panutan bagi siswa mereka di kelas. Penelitian ini menyelidiki beberapa aspek fonologis dari <em>connected speech</em>, seperti <em>linking, elision</em>, dan <em>assimilation </em>oleh guru bahasa Inggris. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa asimilasi merupakan aspek fonologis yang paling sulit daripada linking atau elision. Perbedaan utama antara bahasa Inggris dan bahasa pertama guru bisa menjadi alasan utama kendala yang dialami mereka terkait dengan aspek tersebut.
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Shahid, Anam, Taiyyiba Bibi, and Mubashir Iqbal. "Nasalization in the Urdu Language: Assimilation and Gemination Patterns of Words Having /n/ Phoneme." Global Social Sciences Review VII, no. II (June 30, 2022): 236–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2022(vii-ii).24.
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This study aims to explore the assimilation and germination phenomenon of words having "/n/". The auto segment-al Theory of (Goldsmith,1976) is used as a theoretical framework. (Alkumet, 2020) have elaboratedâÂÂAuto segment-al theory that phonetics presentation is an aggregation of supra-segment-al parts of speech, which have some initial problem of how the multiple levels of sequences can be related or linked. This research shows that "/n/" in words having "/n/" and "/b/" combination at the word middle level tend to assimilate into "/m/", but the combination remains intact at word initial and final level and germination of "/n/" is speaker-dependent. Celata, Calamai, Ricci, and Bertini (2013) have manifested the role of style and placement of phoneme in a word is crucial for a sound to get assimilated. It has been elucidated that groups of people sharing the same cultural schema and level of education tend to speak differently.
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Boizou, Loïc, and Asta Kazlauskienė. "Lithuanian and French Sounds: Comparative Analysis of Articulatory Features." Sustainable Multilingualism 17, no. 1 (November 18, 2020): 173–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sm-2020-0018.
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SummaryThe aim of this article is to analyze the differences between Lithuanian and French sounds and to provide a general outlook of the Lithuanian articulatory phonetics mainly intended for French speakers. Such a comparative analysis is relevant because (a) there is no consistent equivalent between written and spoken language, even in Lithuanian, which has a relatively young written language, (b) the international phonetic alphabet does not always accurately reflect differences in pronunciation, (c) the contrastive perspective helps learners to focus on differences that could be unnoticed. Besides the articulatory aspects, the orthographic issues where the spoken form cannot be directly deduced from the written form by a simple relation from grapheme to sound but depends on the graphemic context (mainly related to some assimilation processes) are given a special attention. The questions that remain controversial between Lithuanian phoneticians (such as the retroflex status of the phonetic counterparts of <š> and <ž>) are also mentioned. The comparative analysis shows that the two systems exhibit significant differences: most sounds are not shared. Nevertheless, differences are often slight, so that it is more an issue of orthoepics. Attention should be paid to the differences in the duration and qualitative characteristics of long and short vowels and the relation of graphemes <a, e, o, i> to sounds. From the point of view of consonants, [], [r, rj], [x, ] are problematic, their pronunciation must be learned separately. The pronunciation of palatalized consonants as simple consonants, and not as clusters with [j] as the second element, is also challenging for French speakers.
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Yemelyanova, Olena, Mariia Titareva, and Tetiana Popova. "THE PECULARITIES OF SEMANTIC COMPRESSION IMPLEMENTATION IN POPULAR ENGLISH TALK SHOWS." Research Bulletin Series Philological Sciences 1, no. 193 (April 2021): 127–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.36550/2522-4077-2021-1-193-127-133.
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The article deals with the analysis of semantic compression application in popular English talk shows. The purpose of this paper is to define language compression, to outline the expediency of its use in English media discourse, to name ways of compression implementation in popular talk shows and to consider the level of influence of principle of linguistic efforts economy on achieving communicative goals between interlocutors. Basic information on the concept of linguistic compression and features of its use at different language levels, in particular phonetic, morphological, lexical, semantic and syntactic is presented. Linguistic compression is used in oral and written discourse, in formal and informal texts. The text gives valuable information on the structure and characteristics of media discourse, its grammatical, lexical and phonetic features. The article focuses on a detailed analysis of the main linguistic means that serve to reduce the symbolic structure of language, which leads to the brevity of expression, contains the data on key properties of linguistic compression that help make the text more concise. Special attention is paid to the phonetic methods of linguistic compression in English talk shows: it is manifested through such means as reduction, assimilation, loss, fusion and other processes. Among the syntactic means of compression, such methods used for linguistic efforts economy as contamination, segmentation and parceling, ellipse, univerbation, abbreviation, composite words, inclusion and use of foreign words or components are analyzed. The article points out the importance of adequate transfer of information with preservation of expressive nuances and observance of stylistic language norms. The article is of interest for further researches on the topic of linguistic efforts economy in oral and written speech styles, can be used in researches in linguistics, lexicology, phonetics.
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Aksenova, Anna V. "Italian Lexical Interference in the Romanian-Speaking Environment." Current Issues in Philology and Pedagogical Linguistics, no. 3(2021) (September 25, 2021): 183–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.29025/2079-6021-2021-3-183-194.
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This study focuses on the semantic borrowings, their structure and classification. Borrowings constitute a special layer of vocabulary in terms of both nomination and motivation. It is known that interference is a change in the language system under the influence of another language. The author notes that the phenomenon of interference includes not only the processes of word borrowing (known as lexical borrowing), but also linguistic calque. Borrowings occur because of a more or less direct contact between languages. Special attention is paid to lexical and semantic borrowings, their structure and classification. It is noted that the borrowed words themselves most often fill the lexical gaps that exist in the Romanian language and are associated with the emergence of new realities. The author analyzes various ways of assimilation of borrowed units. For centuries, the Romanian language has demonstrated a certain “flexibility” in the morphophonological assimilation of borrowings. On the basis of factual material, it was established that in the case of the Romanian language in the Italian-speaking environment, there is a complete or partial encapsulation of the morphological structure of the word, while its phonetics undergoes a process of adaptation. The borrowed words that do not assimilate are motivated by the novelty of the referent.
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Mykhailivna Bogush, Alla, Tetiana Mykhailivna Korolova, and Oleksandra Volodymyrivna Popova. "A Comparative Analysis of English and Chinese Reading: Phonetics, Vocabulary and Grammar." Arab World English Journal, no. 3 (November 15, 2020): 255–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.24093/awej/elt3.22.
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The article covers the issues related to the development of reading skills of the students majoring/minoring in English and Chinese (as non-native languages). In the backdrop of linguistic differences between English and Chinese, this action research was conducted to investigate the components of the reading skills, which are to be developed within the Bachelor programs. The primary purpose of the article is to analyze the methodological background for teaching Ukrainian students to perceive information from authentic texts. The methods of induction and deduction enabled us to analyze and generalize the theoretical bases for the investigated topic, to systemize the results of the study (the reading tactics and strategies, classification of reading activities). The study was based on focused observation using the register as a tool for data collecting for two semesters each in three groups of third-year students at Ushynsky University. The total sample size was 54. The article presents an analysis of difficulties in reading English and Chinese texts: 1) phonological level – differences in sound pronunciation (English: /T/, /D/ /w/, /N/, /x/, etc.; Chinese: the alveolo-palatal consonants j, q, x; affricates zh, z; consonant r, etc.), the phonetic phenomena (English: nasal plosion, lateral plosion, loss of plosion, assimilation, reduction/elision, etc.; Chinese: tone, erization); 2) lexical level – conversion (in English) and transposition (in Chinese), homonymy, polysemy; 3) grammatical level – the division of lexicon into parts of speech, different word order in English and Chinese sentences, (non)segmentation of English and Chinese syntagms/clauses/compound sentences, use of tenses, etc. The article contains some recommendations for English and Chinese reading classrooms.
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Mndeme, Anuarite Samwel, and Nestory Nyamwala Ligembe. "Phonological Processes of Shambaa." International Journal of English Literature and Social Sciences 7, no. 3 (2022): 041–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijels.73.8.
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This study set out to describe the phonological processes of Shambaa and establish phonological rules governing the phonological processes of Shambaa. The study was done at Mlalo, Ubiri and Vuga villages found in Lushoto District Tanga Region-Tanzania. The target population of the study were adult native speakers of Shambaa. The study used a purposive sampling procedure to select 10 participants from whom data was collected through interviews, documentary review and observation. The data were presented and analyzed using phonetics and phonological rules. The findings of the study reveal that phonological processes which occur in Shambaa are glide formation, vowel lengthening, high vowel deletion, glide insertion, vowel nasalization, consonants deletion, epenthesis, voicing, homorganic nasal assimilation, aspiration and substitution. Finally, the study recommends, that other researchers conduct more research on the Shambaa language and come up with more theories and results.
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Величкова, Л. В., and О. В. Абакумова. "PHONETIC AND PSYCHOLINGUISTIC APPROACH TO CONSIDERATION OF SPEECH PATHOLOGY "STUTTER"." НАУЧНЫЙ ЖУРНАЛ СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ЛИНГВИСТИЧЕСКИЕ И МЕТОДИКО-ДИДАКТИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ, no. 1(49) (March 17, 2021): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.36622/vstu.2021.24.42.005.
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Постановка задачи. В статье исследуется явление заикания с фонетической и психолингвистической точки зрения. Речевой ритм сравнительно недавно стал пристальным объектом исследования в фонетике и речеведении. Актуальные данные этих исследований не проникли в значительной степени в область логопедии. Рассматривается речевой ритм с точки зрения физиологии, нейролингвистики, психолингвистики. Данные о первичном усвоении параметров речевого ритма родного языка создают с точки зрения фонетики представление о «вписывании» артикуляционных движений в ритмическую матрицу слова и фразы. Нарушения же в реализации этой матрицы дают возможность проследить поведение артикуляционных комплексов при сбое ритмической основы. В работе описывается экспериментальное исследование нарушения речевого ритма как причина речевых ошибок (патологий). Результаты и выводы. Вербальные и невербальные компоненты используются при ритмизации речевой деятельности. Используются коррекционные приёмы, в результате которых возникает пролонгированное эмоционально положительное состояние и начинается произвольное использование новой речевой программы. Данное состояние вводится в процессе аутотренинга. Эмоционально комфортное состояние при использовании ритмизированной речи закрепляется на функциональных речевых тренировках. Речь идет об усилении речевого ритма родного языка без искажения его параметров. Problem statement. The article examines the phenomenon of stuttering from a phonetic and psycholinguistic point of view. Speech rhythm has recently become a close object of research in phonetics and speech. The actual data from these studies have not penetrated significantly into the field of speech therapy. The speech rhythm is considered from the point of view of physiology, neurolinguistics, psycholinguistics. Data on the primary assimilation of the parameters of the speech rhythm of the native language from the point of view of phonetics create the idea of "inscribing" articulatory movements into the rhythmic matrix of words and phrases. Violations in the implementation of this matrix make it possible to trace the behavior of articulatory complexes when the rhythmic basis fails. The paper describes an experimental study of speech rhythm disturbance as the cause of speech errors (pathologies). Results and conclusion. Verbal and non-verbal components are used to rhythmize speech activity. Corrective techniques are used, because of which a prolonged emotionally positive state arises, and the voluntary use of a new speech program begins. This state is introduced in the process of auto-training. Emotionally comfortable state when using rhythmized speech is fixed on functional speech training. We are talking about strengthening the speech rhythm of the native language without distorting its parameters.
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Abidin, Zainal. "ASIMILASI DALAM ISOLEK BONAI ULAKPATIAN." Madah: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra 7, no. 2 (May 12, 2017): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.26499/madah.v7i2.426.
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This study aims at describing the assimilation of Bonai Ulakpatian isolect in Riau Province. This study is a linguistics research about sound changing that occurs on the different sounds to be the same sounds at the position between two vowels in the middle of a word in an isolect that is used by Bonai ethnic group in Ulakpatian Village, Rokan Hulu Regency. The data of the research is the utterances data of Bonai ethnic group community that referred to in selection of language data. The data were collected by applying interview method by using conversation and recording technique. The data were described phonetically by using IPA symbol, the data were compared with PM and made conclusion The result of the research shows that Bonai Ulakpatian isolect has four assimilation forms at the position between two vowels in the middle of a word, namely 1) PM *nd/v-v> BU [n]/v-v, 2) PM *ŋg/v-v> BU [ŋ]/v-v, 3) PM *mb/v-v> BU [m]/v-v that are total progressive assimilation and phonetics assimilation, and 4) PM *nj/v-v> BU [ñ]/v-v that are reciprocal and phonemic assimilation. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan asimilasi pada isolek Bonai Ulakpatian yang terdapat di Provinsi Riau. Kajian ini merupakan kajian linguistik tentang perubahan bunyi yang terjadi pada bunyi-bunyi berbeda menjadi sama, yang berada pada posisi antara dua vokal di tengah kata dalam sebuah isolek yang digunakan oleh suku Bonai di Desa Ulakpatian, Kabupaten Rokan Hulu. Data berupa tuturan masyarakat suku Bonai dikumpulkan dengan penerapan metode cakap dan metode simak dengan menggunakan teknik pancing dan teknik rekam. Analisis data dilakukan dengan pentranskripsian fonetis dengan simbol IPA, pembandingan data dengan leksikon PM, dan penarikan simpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa isolek Bonai Ulakpatian memiliki empat bentuk asimilasi pada posisi antara dua vokal di tengah kata, yaitu 1) PM*nd/v-v> BU [n]/v-v, 2) PM*ŋg/v-v> BU [ŋ]/v-v, 3) PM*mb/v-v> BU [m]/v-v yang merupakan asimilasi progresif total dan asimilasi fonetis, dan 4) PM*nj/v-v> BU [ñ]/v-v yang merupakan asimilasi resiprokal dan fonemis.
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Bystrov, D. M., and M. S. Yastrebov-Pestritskiy. "“REVERSE” ORDER OF SLAVIC PALATALIZATIONS." Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series History and Philology 32, no. 3 (July 8, 2022): 431–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2412-9534-2022-32-3-431-444.
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The historical phonetics of Slavic languages inevitably raises the question of the origin of the so-called second and third palatalizations (*k > *c), to clarify their articulatory causes and historical parallels for the palatalizations themselves - or for their components. The accepted names of Slavic palatalizations (“first”, “second”, “third”) are conditional. How much they are conditional is the question that will be attempted to reveal in this small study. The article considers the model of Slavic palatalizations that combines the models by D. Cohen and H. Lunt, i. e. the following order of palatalizations: progressive, then 2 regressive (that gives *c), then 1 regressive (that gives *č). Advantages of this model are shown, and the relative chronology of sound changes leading to the observed system of Slavic palatalizations is described in detail. This approach helps us to re-analyze the cases of progressive palatalization in Slavic and propose a new formula for it, leaving out the right context and position after ę, which is explained differently. The new formula looks as follows: K after {r̥, ī/ĭ, ū/ou (questioned), š}. Then a depalatalization is observed before ū/ŭ, n, l, r, which is unambiguously late in case of ū. This formula leads us to relation of Slavic progressive palatalization to Pedersen’s RUKI law in satəm languages, if we consider both of them as progressive assimilation of tongue retraction feature. Reflex of *Kti might be one more consequence of this assimilation.
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Abidin, Zainal. "ASIMILASI DALAM ISOLEK BONAI ULAKPATIAN." Madah: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra 7, no. 2 (May 12, 2017): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.31503/madah.v7i2.426.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims at describing the assimilation of Bonai Ulakpatian isolect in Riau Province. This study is a linguistics research about sound changing that occurs on the different sounds to be the same sounds at the position between two vowels in the middle of a word in an isolect that is used by Bonai ethnic group in Ulakpatian Village, Rokan Hulu Regency. The data of the research is the utterances data of Bonai ethnic group community that referred to in selection of language data. The data were collected by applying interview method by using conversation and recording technique. The data were described phonetically by using IPA symbol, the data were compared with PM and made conclusion The result of the research shows that Bonai Ulakpatian isolect has four assimilation forms at the position between two vowels in the middle of a word, namely 1) PM *nd/v-v> BU [n]/v-v, 2) PM *ŋg/v-v> BU [ŋ]/v-v, 3) PM *mb/v-v> BU [m]/v-v that are total progressive assimilation and phonetics assimilation, and 4) PM *nj/v-v> BU [ñ]/v-v that are reciprocal and phonemic assimilation.AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan asimilasi pada isolek Bonai Ulakpatian yang terdapat di Provinsi Riau. Kajian ini merupakan kajian linguistik tentang perubahan bunyi yang terjadi pada bunyi-bunyi berbeda menjadi sama, yang berada pada posisi antara dua vokal di tengah kata dalam sebuah isolek yang digunakan oleh suku Bonai di Desa Ulakpatian, Kabupaten Rokan Hulu. Data berupa tuturan masyarakat suku Bonai dikumpulkan dengan penerapan metode cakap dan metode simak dengan menggunakan teknik pancing dan teknik rekam. Analisis data dilakukan dengan pentranskripsian fonetis dengan simbol IPA, pembandingan data dengan leksikon PM, dan penarikan simpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa isolek Bonai Ulakpatian memiliki empat bentuk asimilasi pada posisi antara dua vokal di tengah kata, yaitu 1) PM*nd/v-v> BU [n]/v-v, 2) PM*ŋg/v-v> BU [ŋ]/v-v, 3) PM*mb/v-v> BU [m]/v-v yang merupakan asimilasi progresif total dan asimilasi fonetis, dan 4) PM*nj/v-v> BU [ñ]/v-v yang merupakan asimilasi resiprokal dan fonemis.
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Korolova, Tetiana, and Svetlana Yukhimets. "PHONETIC TYPOLOGY." Scientific Research Issues of South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky: Linguistic Sciences 2023, no. 37 (December 2023): 51–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2023-37-4.
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In spite of many works in the field of phonetics some problems of typology still want systematisation both on segmental and suprasegmental levels. Experimental research is one of them. The research is aimed at determining phonetic typologi- cal characteristics in English and Ukrainian on segmental and suprasegmental levels. The results of the research demonstrate the significant amount of typo- logically similar characteristics in English and Ukrainian. The presence of fore lingual and back lingual vowels, plosives, fricatives, voiced and voiceless conso- nants, such phenomena as reduction and assimilation in both languages under investigation testify to it. Similar mechanisms of word stress production that is the total energy data (dynamic characteristics and duration time) is another mark of typological similarity of English and Ukrainian. The intonation models, the degree of stability of intonation models, sentence stress variability, the same functions of intonation in the process of speech produc- tion show similar mechanisms of prosody elements’ interaction. The most stable in both languages are the prosodic models of attitudinal and emotional functions of intonation. The status of different functions (the attitudinal function, sense-group delimitation, sense-groups relation, communicative type of utterances, sentence stress) of intonation changes from the subordinate one (as in the function of di- vision into sense groups) up to the dominating one (as in the function reflect- ing the speaker’s emotional state). In correspondence with this status and the poly-functional character of intonation the resulting intonation contour mainly preserves the relevant prosodic features of the dominating intonation function in English and Ukrainian. The qualitative and quantitative differences of segmental (phonematic length of vowels in English, phonemic length of consonants in Ukrainian, some difference in articulation) and suprasegmental units (variety of melody contour structure, prevalence of dynamic characteristics in English and temporal in Ukrainian) in the languages under investigation are explained by linguacultural peculiarities of the communities, their historical development
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Davydov, Tycho, and Andrey Ivanovich Gorshkov. "Adaptation of Iranian and Semitic loanwords in the Ancient Greek language: 'garden' / ' garden of Eden’ (on the example of the lexemes παράδεισος and a number of γάνος-γανναθ — (αλ)γοναιναθ)." Litera, no. 8 (August 2021): 30–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8698.2021.8.36284.
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The object of this research is the problems of functionality of Iranian and Semitic loanwords in the Ancient Greek language, while the subject is the lexemes παράδεισος, γάνος, γανναθ, (αλ)γοναιναθ. The authors meticulously examine such aspects of the topic as the morphological and phonetic assimilation of foreign language lexicon, nonobservance of phonotactics of the Greek language, impact of folk etymology upon the word form , absence of diacritics in conveying Semitic borrowings in the Greek language. Special attention is given to the problems of etymologization, nuances of dictionary definitions throughout different periods: classical, Hellenistic, Hellenistic-Roman, Late Antique, and Byzantine. It is noted that over time, close ties with barbarian peoples affected the Greek language itself. The main conclusion consists in determination of the gradation of lexemes under review in accordance with the degree of their adaptation to the Greek phonetics and phonotactics, as well as morphology. The author's special contribution to this research consists in proving the results and conclusions of a range of previous studies, as well as in critical coverage of the controversial concepts. The novelty lies in the proposed etymology of the lexeme παράδεισος, and the new interpretation of its vocalism. The relevance of this work lies in involving rare lexicon, which previously has not received due attention within the existing scientific tradition.
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Hirobumi, Sato Rahmat, and Jamian Mohamad. "Hipotesis Pengimbuhan me(N)- dan menge- dalam Bahasa Melayu Standard." Jurnal Bahasa 20, no. 2 (December 4, 2020): 231–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.37052/jb(1)no3.
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This study focuses on the intricacies of the collisions of prefixes me(n)- and pe(n)- with root words in standard Malay. Some scholars use the idea of "available existing choice", while others from the generative stream use the idea of "generative rules" with fixing the forms meng- {məN-} and peng- {pəN-} as basic morphemes. Both ideas in fact do not deviate from the rules of assimilation of articulation area at the boundary of two morphemes. However, the intricacies of the collisions of two morphemes have not been clarified physiologically. The phenomenon of the collisions of two morphemes has been observed since the 19th century but the details of the collision process have not been studied scientifically. Evidently, the generative rules in use now are not correct based on the physical experiment. We begin by presenting a hypothesis on the forming processes of the variations of prefixes concerned in terms of physiology and computer-aided acoustic phonetics (ANALYSIS [I] - [VI]). In the second stage, another similar form of affixes, i.e. the prefixes menge-, penge- or the confixes menge-/-kan, penge-/-an are hypothesized as new forms in Malay, influenced by the Sundanese prefix nge(n)- (ANALYSIS [VII]).
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Hirobumi, Sato, and Jamian Mohamad. "Hipotesis Proses Pengimbuhan me(N)- dan menge- dalam Bahasa Melayu Standard." Jurnal Bahasa 20, no. 2 (December 4, 2020): 231–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.37052/jb20(2)no3.
Full textAbstract:
This study focuses on the intricacies of the collisions of prefixes me(N)- and pe(N)- with root words in standard Malay. Some scholars use the idea of "available existing choice", while others from the generative stream use the idea of "generative rules" with fixing the forms meng- {məN-} and peng- {pəN-} as basic morphemes. Both ideas in fact do not deviate from the rules of assimilation of articulation area at the boundary of two morphemes. However, the intricacies of the collisions of two morphemes have not been clarified physiologically. The phenomenon of the collisions of two morphemes has been observed since the 19th century but the details of the collision process have not been studied scientifically. Evidently, the generative rules in use now are not correct based on the physical experiment. We begin by presenting a hypothesis on the forming processes of the variations of prefixes concerned in terms of physiology and computer-aided acoustic phonetics (ANALYSIS [I] - [VI]). In the second stage, another similar form of affixes, i.e. the prefixes menge-, penge- or the confixes menge-/-kan, penge-/-an are hypothesized as new forms in Malay, influenced by the Sundanese prefix nge(N)- (ANALYSIS [VII]).
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Kravets, Tatiana V., N. Ya Bulatova, Olga N. Morozova, and Svetlana V. Androsova. "VOWEL HARMONY IN THE EASTERN DIALECT GROUP OF THE EVENKI LANGUAGE." Theoretical and Applied Linguistics, no. 3 (2017): 45–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.22250/2410-7190_2017_3_4_45_65.
Full textAbstract:
Structural feature uniting the Turkic, Mongolian and Tungus languages is vowel harmony (assimilation of vowels within a single word). Phonetics of the Evenki language, which belongs to the Manchu-Tungus group, according to the current classification of the languages of the world, is characterized by the vowel harmony law, when all the vowels of the Evenki language are divided into two harmony groups, and a neutral one. Group 1 (hard): /е:/, /а/, /а:/, /о/, /о:/; Group 2 (soft): /з/, /з:/; Neutral Group: Л/, Л:/, /и/, /и:/. In accordance with vowel harmony law, within a single word, the distribution of hard and soft vowels in the word suffix is strictly determined by the vowel in the word root. We conclude that vowel harmony in Selemdzha local accent of the Evenki language is of mixed type: palatal harmony (that regulates not only vowel distribution but the distribution of hard and soft allophones of the previous consonant within the syllable) accompanied by labial harmony functioning for the short phoneme /о/. Vowel harmony violations characteristic for Standard Evenki can be eliminated by the phenomenon of Eastern а-type accent.
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Davis, Garry W., and Gregory K. Iverson. "Segment Organization in the High German Consonant Shift." American Journal of Germanic Linguistics and Literatures 7, no. 2 (1995): 111–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1040820700001566.
Full textAbstract:
In consequence of the familiar High German consonant shift, the voiceless stops /p t k/ became the affricates /pf ts kx/, simplifying later to the geminate fricatives /ff ss (‘ƷƷ’) xx/ in certain environments. It has long been assumed that the affricates developed only from aspirated allophones of /p t k/, thus accounting for the retention of plain stops in /s/-clusters and a few other positions, but it is not obvious why particularly aspiration, ensuing from a laryngeal gesture of spread glottis, should have resulted in the oral property of affrication. Neither is it clear how etymologically simplex segments, upon deaffrication in certain environments, might have resulted in geminates without further stipulation. Proceeding from essentially traditional assumptions, and at the same time addressing important questions about Germanic phonetics raised by Vennemann (1984), the present paper attributes the triggering of the affrication event to an early factoring out, or segmentalization, of the feature for aspiration, i.e., pre-OHG [phthkh] → [ph th kh]. Explanations are then proposed for the development of affricates out of these now disegmental sequences via place assimilation from the stops, and of the affricates into geminate fricatives (postvocalically and in some postconsonantal environments) via assimilatory weakening.
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Lobanovskaya, E. V., and S. V. Muratova. "Morphological Characteristics of English Borrowings in the German Language in the Globalization Era." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University 22, no. 2 (July 8, 2020): 525–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2020-22-2-525-532.
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The article reveals the role of a foreign language / languages in the context of linguistic globalization and multiculturalism. The research featured the current attitude of German society to foreign languages and cultures. The authors believe that there is no contradiction between the modern multilingualism requirements and the promotion of German in the European community as a wholesome and stable language. As borders between languages become transparent, the development of linguistic consciousness acquires a special role. The research objective was to identify the motives behind borrowing that result from the needs of modern European community. The authors also explained the cases of incomplete or impossible assimilation of borrowings in German. They revealed some characteristics of English borrowings in German. For instance, hyphenation refers to the spelling of nouns borrowed from English. English verbs acquire German forms of weak verbs and their conjugation endings. Most borrowed nouns proved to have an unstable grammatical gender, while some of them are likened to German nouns and receive inflections. The syntagmatics of English adjectives is determined by English phonetics. The authors believe that the study of linguistic globalization will be useful to those interested in the development of European languages.
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Gutorova, E. Y., and S. N. Ponomaschuk. "SONG AND POEM AS A METHODICAL TOOL OF TEACHING THE CHINESE LANGUAGE." Juvenis Scientia, no. 11-12 (2019): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.32415/jscientia.2019.11-12.05.
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The problem of using songs and poems in the process of teaching phonetics, vocabulary and grammar of the Chinese language is examined in the article. With the rise of China in the international arena more and more people believe that learning Chinese has a great development potential and prospect. The number of Chinese learners had increased, improving the teaching methods and technics in Chinese classrooms. Songs and poetry are the most accessible forms of art in people's daily life, as they are closely related to language. Chinese itself has significant musicality in terms of tones, streams and phonemes. Thereby the use of Chinese songs as a tool to enrich Chinese classroom teaching forms is already supported by theories and practices, but still requires further research. The existence of this concept is very important not only for certain language skills, but also for comprehensive assimilation with cultural and aesthetic properties. In the article there is analyze of educational literature of Chinese and Russian authors. One such study guide is the «学唱中国歌» - textbook, written by Yu Peng and Jiao Yu Mei. In article there is survey of foreign and Russian students studying at the Northeast Normal University of Changchun is conducted to identify the main problems of using song and poetic materials in a Chinese language lesson.
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Nycz, Krzysztof, and Zygmunt Tęcza. "On the Pronunciation Dictionaries of Contemporary German: The Concepts of Phonetic Standard and Differences in Specific Phonetic Issues." International Journal of Lexicography 33, no. 4 (December 20, 2019): 463–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijl/ecz032.
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Abstract The aim of the following paper is to discuss some phonetics-based differences between four modern pronunciation dictionaries of the German language: Großes Wörterbuch der deutschen Aussprache (1982), Deutsches Aussprachewörterbuch (2009), DUDEN Aussprachewörterbuch (2000) and DUDEN Aussprachewörterbuch (2015). First, attention is paid to the concept of phonetic standard declared by the respective dictionary authors. After that, a number of specific phonetic issues are outlined which pinpoint some striking divergences between the dictionaries under analysis. The divergences occur in description and interpretation of certain phenomena in the field of vowels (diphthongs, half-long vowels, vocalic reductions), consonants (the /r/ allophones, affricates, consonant assimilations) as well as suprasegmental features (word stress marking).
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Marchenko, Nataliia Viktorivna, Halyna I. Yuzkiv, Iryna M. Ivanenko, Olena M. Khomova, and Kateryna M. Yanchytska. "Electronic Educational Resources for Teaching Ukrainian as a Second Language." International Journal of Higher Education 10, no. 3 (February 4, 2021): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v10n3p234.
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The article analyzes the effective electronic resources used in teaching Ukrainian as a second language. The authors highlight informational, educational, and controlling resources. Using electronic resources in the Ukrainian language teaching and learning process facilitates the development of an active vocabulary and critical thinking of the international students, lexical and linguistic competence, intensive study of phonetics, spelling, grammatical features of the language, and the diversity of the educational process. The significant effect of these resources in learning a foreign language is related to digitization and how it has affected the modern young generation, who cannot imagine their lives without varieties of gadgets. Mobile applications, which can be downloaded to any device, are designed for students to learn the lexical minimum, develop the correct pronunciation, improve their spelling and vocabulary, and practice making sentences. At the same time, the use of electronic resources when studying Ukrainian as a second language requires the students to be thoroughly self-organized and motivated. They are programmed only to reproduce a certain lexical or grammatical field, have no student-teacher or student-student feedback, aimed at checking the level of knowledge assimilation at a certain stage. Electronic resources should be used, under the control of a teacher, as a simulator for mastering the lexical minimum and grammar. These resources cannot replace communicative situations and speech cases, during which students actively use vocabulary and master speech constructions, and thus acquire lexical competence.
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Muhammad, Abduljabar A., and Ibrahim A. Al- Samrahy. "The Phenomenon of Assimilation of Al-Tha'alabi (875 AH) In His Interpretation Al-Jawaher Al-Hissan." Koya University Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 3, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 106–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.14500/kujhss.v3n2y2020.pp106-116.
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This study examines one of the phonetic phenomena in the interpretation of Al-Jawaher Al-Hissan for Al-Tha’alibi (d.875 AH), which is: assimilation. It occurs due to the influence of sounds and the contiguity surrounding sounds, and often it is occurring in environments that the speaker tends to rush in the utterance of words, and mix them together, and not to give the letter its phonetic right to fully pronounce it. The assimilation is a way to reduce the difficulties in pronouncing sounds and get rid of identical or similar sounds that are occurring sequentially. Because the Arabs have the independence to tilt their tongue from a position and then return it to it, it is not easy for a speaker to move an organ of articulation twice in a row while uttering two identical sounds or sounds produced from the same area of articulation. Arab grammarians and recitation scholars have both focused in their treaties on assimilations and classified it into different categories, depending on their approaches. This research follows the classification of Al-Tha’alibi’s, who classifies assimilations into: progressive, regressive, and coalescent. These types were reflected in the different Quran recitations which bears witness to Arab’s various dialects. In addition to assimilation, there is another linguistic term called the voicing of the identical letters, which is a well-known phonological Arabic language feature.
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Samboruk, L. A. "Language economy means in modern English educational discourse at different levels of the language system." Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology 28, no. 4 (January 5, 2023): 154–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/2542-0445-2022-28-4-154-159.
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The present article is aimed at examining the effect of linguistic economy within the modern university English-speaking environment based on the institutional educational discourse. A huge number of people are involved in the virtual space today including both students and teaching staff, and due to that expansion, the active application of this media channel is accompanied by increasing intercultural character and fast adaption of English-speaking trends to the conditions of foreign communicative reality. It is highly relevant nowadays to identify and systematize the structural and semantic features of English texts in the format of corresponding messages. It is also necessary to mention the cognitive information variety and integrity of Internet textual chats, characterized by language economy markers. The following general scientific methods and research means are applied in the present study: a descriptive method, method of observation, quantification and classification methods accompanied by special ways and means of systematic approach to linguistic analysis, and elements of discourse analysis. As a result of linguistic analysis of the corresponding language units located on educational platforms of English and American universities, it was discovered that Internet communication tends to resist awkwardness and superfluity. At the lexical level, small-format messages are characterized by the presence of various types of abbreviations and neologisms. At the syntactic level, the desire to save time and energy finds verbal expression in the abundance of short sentences, homogeneous sentence members, passive and secondary predicative constructions. In phonetics the principle of linguistic economy is evidently manifesting itself in assimilation
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Horyachok, Inna, and Svitlana Voytalyuk. "THE USE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PROCESS OF TEACHING PHILOLOGICAL DISCIPLINES FOR POLONIST STUDENTS." Academic Notes Series Pedagogical Science 1, no. 204 (October 2022): 84–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.36550/2415-7988-2022-1-205-84-90.
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The article reveals the peculiarities of the use of information and communication technologies in the process of teaching philological disciplines for Polonist students. It was determined that information and communication competence is one of the key competences of a modern educated person. The essence of the concept of "information and communication technologies" is clarified, the understanding of information and communication competence is outlined, and the positive factors of ICT in the modern educational process are pointed out. The article defines the main didactic functions that are implemented with the help of ICT in the process of teaching philological disciplines for Polonist students: cognitive, developmental, research, communicative. An overview and description of the information and communication technologies used in the process of studying philological disciplines by Polonist students was made, in particular, these are online resources for creating presentations, quizzes, book trailers, tests, mind maps, etc. It is suggested to use Prezi, Google Docs, Haiku Deck - these are cloud services that can be used to create various presentations in classes on "History of Polish Literature", "Polish Literature in the Art System", "Linguistic Studies" and others. For practical lessons on "Practical Course of the Polish Language", "Phonetics, Morphology, Lexicology and Phraseology of the Polish Language", we suggest using various platforms for creating quizzes, practical tasks and flashcards with didactic tasks. Conducting electronic monitoring of students, which is the basis for obtaining an objective assessment of the level of educational achievements, should be carried out using various online resources. Attention in the article is focused on the effectiveness of teaching students usig ICT. It is indicated that information and communication technologies allow to intensify the educational process, to increase the speed of perception, understanding and depth of assimilation of knowledge.