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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Assisted Reproduction Technologies'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 7 February 2022

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1

Nieminen, Sanni. "Assisted Reproductive Technologies and Medically Assisted Reproduction in the Context of the European Convention on Human Rights : Legal and Social Perspectives." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-153905.

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2

Maqhashu, Ayanda. "Application of assisted reproduction technologies on the indigenous Nguni cows and heifers." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1016096.

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The aims of the study were to compare superovulatory (SO) response rate and embryo quality recovered; consequently, correlate sperm motility with fertilization rate on superovulated stud Nguni cows and heifers. Furthermore, compare oestrous synchronization response and pregnancy rate of three breed type cows (Brahman, Bonsmara and Nguni) of different body condition scores following timed artificial insemination in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) and Limpopo provinces. Nguni stud cows (n= 15) and heifers (n= 10) aged 4-6 and 2-3 years were used as embryo donors. Superovulation of donors involved insertion

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3

Timlin, Claire. "Strategies for Improving Reproductive Efficiency of Beef Cattle with Assisted Reproductive Technologies." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/98841.

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Reproductive efficiency in beef cattle can be improved with reproductive technologies at the herd, individual cow, and embryonic levels. Decreasing the bull:cow ratio for natural service after fixed time artificial insemination (FTAI) can alleviate economic burden associated with FTAI. In experiment 1, the total number of cows exposed per bull was negatively correlated with pregnancy rate to natural service on first return to estrus after FTAI in fall herds. The number of open cows per bull in fall herds using one natural service sire was negatively correlated with pregnancy rate on first retu

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4

Timlin, Claire Lourdine. "Strategies for Improving Reproductive Efficiency of Beef Cattle with Assisted Reproductive Technologies." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/98841.

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Reproductive efficiency in beef cattle can be improved with reproductive technologies at the herd, individual cow, and embryonic levels. Decreasing the bull:cow ratio for natural service after fixed time artificial insemination (FTAI) can alleviate economic burden associated with FTAI. In experiment 1, the total number of cows exposed per bull was negatively correlated with pregnancy rate to natural service on first return to estrus after FTAI in fall herds. The number of open cows per bull in fall herds using one natural service sire was negatively correlated with pregnancy rate on first retu

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5

Blawut, Bryan Joseph. "Enhancing Saugeye (Sander vitreus x S. canadensis) Production Through the Use of Assisted-Reproduction Technologies." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1492169462975574.

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6

Orrmalm, Auran Alex. "Från pre-human till post-human : Embryots reproduktiva status i skärningspunkten mellan stat och medicin." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för kultur och lärande, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-19571.

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The aim of the thesis is twofold: the first aim is to identify a number of reproductive logics that are used to construct Swedish regulation of embryo donation for reproductive use as either ethical or unethical in the governmental – and medical discussions – and to examine how these logics are interconnected with notions of gender and parenthood. The second aim is to identify a number of tensions that arise in the application of the governmental ethical logic on the embryo and embryo donation and discuss how these tensions can be solved with a feminist material approach. I argue that the term

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7

Van, Zyl Estee Alwelien. "The effect of incubation time and temperature on sperm motility, human sperm DNA and assisted reproductive technologies (ART) outcome." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96793.

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Thesis (MMed)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In all Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) procedures the semen sample is handled, processed, prepared and manipulated before use in the fertilization process. During these incubation times, the sperm cells are exposed to factors that may inflict damage to the sperm structure and DNA integrity, impair its functional abilities and subsequently lead to fertilization failure and poor ART outcome. Two of the very basic, but important factors that may have an impact on the sperm quality are time and temperature exposure. The p

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8

Moreno, Adi. "Crossing borders : remaking gay fatherhood in the global market." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/crossing-bordersremaking-gay-fatherhood-in-the-global-market(af873916-b0ba-48fb-9a18-b6d8ce99846b).html.

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Over the past decade, a ‘gayby boom’ (Richman, 2002) has occurred in the Israeli male-gay community: hundreds of gay couples became fathers through cross-border commercial surrogacy. This rise was accompanied by political struggles over access to surrogacy for same-sex couples within Israel. This study explores first, the causes of this sudden rise in ‘gay surrogacy’; and second, the social implications, especially pertaining to the alteration of family norms in the 21st century. Drawing on Science and Technology Studies (STS), surrogacy is analysed as an 'assemblage', consisting of the intera

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9

Brochard, Marie. "Normes reproductives, infertilité et nouvelles technologies de reproduction au Sénégal : le genre et le don." Thesis, Paris 5, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA05H032.

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Au Sénégal, les normes sociales instituent le mariage et la procréation comme des règles fondamentales pour les couples. Les personnes infertiles sont de ce fait stigmatisées et subissent des pressions de la part de leurs familles et de leur entourage. D’une part, elles ont des difficultés à structurer leur identité sociale dans ce pays où la féminité est associée à la maternité et où la masculinité est associée à la paternité. D’autre part, elles sont symboliquement endettées par rapport à leurs familles car l’« enfant » constitue le contre-don de la vie qu’elles ont reçue à la naissance. Le

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10

Ocak, Gulsevim Evsel. "Controversial Issues Related To Reproductive Biotechnology: An Empirical Study." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614077/index.pdf.

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This study examines the problems which are created by assisted reproductive techniques on the individuals and their decisions about the reproduction. In the study, the data of a field study which was conducted in 2010 is used in order to make the examination deeper and to give a qualitative and quantitative dimension to the theoretical framework. Through the sociological analysis of both controversial issues occurred by pre-natal reproductive technologies such as sex selection, abortion, PGD, IVF babies, disability, etc. and personal decisions which are impossible to be given independent from

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11

Sadraie, Maryam. "Implementation of clinical assisted reproduction technologies for the improvement of in vitro production of porcine embryos : from IVF clinic to pig farm." Thesis, University of Kent, 2017. https://kar.kent.ac.uk/61268/.

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The world population is predicted to rise from 7 to 9 billion in the next 30 years, and per capita, meat consumption is predicted to increase by 20% at this time. This places a demand on current food producers globally (particularly pork producers as 40% of global meat consumption is pig meat) that is not sustainable unless sufficient innovations are implemented. Livestock production also contributes 18% of the earth's global warming, and this is also set to increase. Solving these problems necessitates producing increased amounts of meat from fewer animals in a shorter amount of time. UK comp

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12

Aldrovandi, Andrea. "O acesso às tecnologias reprodutivas: garantias e limites jurídicos." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UCS, 2006. https://repositorio.ucs.br/handle/11338/150.

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O presente estudo trata das garantias e limites jurídicos ao acesso às técnicas de reprodução humana assistida no Brasil. As tecnologias reprodutivas podem ser utilizadas em benefício do indivíduo que pretende gerar um filho, com o objetivo de prevenção de doenças e para realizar o projeto parental, constituindo método disponível para o planejamento da vida reprodutiva. Diante disso, o seu acesso encontra guarida no direito à saúde, e nos direitos sexuais e reprodutivos, que foram inseridos em nosso ordenamento por meio da previsão constitucional do direito ao planejamento familiar, reconhecen

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13

Lewis, Samantha Vanessa. "The constitutional and contractual implications of the application of chapter 19 of the Children's Act 38 of 2005." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2011. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_4530_1319010066.

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In this research, I carefully and coherently examine Chapter 19 of the Children's Act 38 of 2005 as the first legislation to afford surrogate motherhood agreements legal recognition in South Africa. I argue that the application of Chapter 19 imposes a number of unwarranted limitations on several of the constitutional rights of the parties to a surrogacy agreement. In addition, I propose that Chapter 19 is not in accordance with the principal of the best interests of the child. I examine the history of surrogate motherhood in South Africa and establish that, prior to the enactment of Chapter 19

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14

Lanius, Manuela. "Reprodução artificial : os impasses do desejo." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/15014.

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A infertilidade é para muitas mulheres geradora de sofrimento psíquico, visto que a reprodução humana condiz com a perpetuação do ser. Tendo como método de estudo a psicanálise, podemos pensar o desejo de filho como sintoma do laço conjugal e, ainda na cultura contemporânea, inscrição de feminilidade para algumas mulheres. Casais inférteis, atualmente, têm a chance de recorrer às Novas Tecnologias de Reprodução Assistida, ao invés de buscar a adoção ou de permanecer sem filhos. Esta pesquisa faz uma discussão acerca das chamadas Novas Tecnologias Reprodutivas e estuda os efeitos que a infertil

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15

Alfano, Bianca. "Reprodução assistida: a organização da atenção às infertilidades e o acesso às técnicas reprodutivas em dois serviços público-universitários no Estado do Rio de Janeiro." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2014. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=9221.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico<br>Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro<br>Nesta tese foram analisadas iniciativas e ações individuais e coletivas de gestores e profissionais de dois Hospitais Público-Universitários de Saúde, que mantêm serviços de referência no atendimento às infertilidades, no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. É visada a implementação de tecnologias de reprodução assistida (RA) pelo SUS, no Estado. O estudo constou de entrevistas com profissionais de saúde destes serviços e especialistas na área que ali atuam, leitura de prontuários

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16

Tasa-Vinyals, Elisabet. "“Thanks to a good fairy you were born” : An intersectional feminist analysis of ovum donation advertising found in the public space in Barcelona." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema Genus, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-141619.

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Gamete donors are actively searched by companies dedicated to assisted reproduction in the Spanish State, and advertising is not only legal but rather common. This thesis provides an overview of the main themes that arise from the analysis of mostly visual materials used to promote ovum donation in public spaces in Barcelona, and critically links them to current debates in intersectional feminist cultural studies of technoscience, bodily theory and visual studies. Conceptual and affective tensions between characterisations of women’s bodies, reproductive function and desires are identified and

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17

Chambers, Georgina Mary Women's &amp Children's Health Faculty of Medicine UNSW. "Economic analysis of assisted reproductive technologies." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Women's & Children's Health, 2008. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/42057.

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Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) are widely accepted as clinically effective in the treatment of infertility. However, there is a scarcity of economic information to influence decision making. Four studies were undertaken to inform public health policy and clinical practice in relation to equitable and effective resource allocation of ART. Study One used a detailed cost-analysis and decision-analytic model of Australian ART registry data to calculate age-specific costs per live-birth (all maternal ages; AUD 32,903). Study Two expanded the methodology to analyse economic aspects of ART

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18

Romdhane, Samira. "Les nouvelles technologies de l’assistance médicale à la procréation (amp) et la qualité des gamètes et des embryons : évaluation de l’épigénome." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO10143/document.

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Les techniques d’assistance médicale à la procréation particulièrement l’induction de l’ovulation, la maturation in vitro des ovocytes et la culture embryonnaire prolongée impliquent la manipulation des gamètes ainsi que les embryons à des moments critiques de leur maturation et développement qui sont également des étapes clé du remodelage épigénétique. Par conséquent, elles pourraient interférer avec la reprogrammation épigénétique, en particulier la mise en place de la méthylation des gènes soumis a empreinte au cours de l'ovogenèse, ou son maintien au cours du développement préimplantatoire

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19

Morrow, Brenda Patrice. "Parenthood motivation and attitudes toward assisted reproductive technologies." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq23432.pdf.

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20

Hoogendijk, Christiaan F. (Christiaan Frederik). "Sperm DNA fragmentation : implications in assisted reproductive technologies." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/21626.

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Dissertation (PhD)--University of Stellenbosch, 2007.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Male fertility has for many years been defined in vitro as the ability of sperm to fertilize oocytes and to obtain early cleavage-stage embryos. Spermatozoa comprise of an extraordinary high percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acids in their plasma membrane. Due to an extremely low content of cytoplasm, sperm cells have a particularly low potential to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS), and are therefore highly sensitive to oxidative processes, which lead to sperm nucleus DNA damage/fragmentation. Normally, DN

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21

Spyropoulos, Evanthia. "Overcoming infertility in an age of assisted reproductive technologies." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq23506.pdf.

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22

Slabbert, Marisa. "Investigating alternative sperm preservation methods for assisted reproductive technologies." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/40838.

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Introduction: Cryopreservation of human sperm is considered a routine practice in assisted reproduction laboratories. Semen samples are mainly cryopreserved as a back-up for procedures, donor sperm, and validation of samples from human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients. Human immunodeficiency virus semen samples generally result in a low yield of purified spermatozoa after decontamination. These samples need to be cryopreserved for later use. Unlike conventional cryopreservation, vitrification does not use harmful cryoprotectants, thereby potentially reducing sperm damage. Vitrification

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23

Valenzuela, Alcaraz Brenda I. "Cardiovascular assessment in fetuses and children conceived by assisted reproductive technologies." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/401805.

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BACKGROUND: Approximately, five million children have been born as a result of using assisted reproductive technologies (ART). Although the majority of ART children are born healthy; there are several reports of increased rate of pregnancy complications and worse perinatal outcomes in this population that may contribute to long-term health consequences according to the fetal programming hypothesis. Due to these techniques are relatively new, the effect of ART on later stages of development and adult susceptibility are uncertain. The main hypothesis of this thesis is that fetuses conceived by

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24

Cherniawsky, Katherine Mary. "A child of one's own, assisted reproductive technologies and law in Canada." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0019/MQ47125.pdf.

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25

Hinkins, Matthew. "Effects of assisted reproductive technologies on gene expression in early human development." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.598020.

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There is mounting experimental evidence that the manipulation and extended culture of human and animal gametes and preimplantation embryos in vitro can result in epigenetic disruption. In humans, a number of surveys also suggest that these changes may bring about an increased incidence of imprinting diseases such as Beckwith Wiedemann Syndrome and Angelman Syndrome following the use of Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART). Similarly, Large Offspring Syndrome caused by the aberrant methylation of the imprinted 19f2r gene is a well characterised risk following in vitro fertilisation (IVF) in

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26

Iqbal, M. "Access to assisted human reproductive technologies in the light of Islamic ethics." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2013. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1399055/.

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The purpose of this thesis is to evaluate the hypothesis that infertile Muslim couples living in secular societies or otherwise are unduly restricted in their approach in making use of the facilities now available through modern human reproductive technologies. This is mainly because of the unbending and categorical fixation of the early interpretations of Islamic allegorical verses of the Qur’an by Islamic jurists who remain steadfast in refusing to contemplate the present advanced nature of the changing world. To date, this unilaterally uncompromising attitude of Islamic jurists has not allo

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27

Lanes, Andrea. "Pregnancy and Neonatal Outcomes Associated with the Use of Assisted Reproductive Technologies." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36022.

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Assisted reproductive technologies have become a common method used to treat infertility. These techniques have advanced quickly since the first birth of an in vitro fertilization (IVF) baby in 1978, at the Royal Oldham Hospital in the United Kingdom. Currently, IVF with or without intracytoplasmic sperm injection, is used throughout the world to achieve oocyte retrieval, fertilization, implantation of an embryo, clinical pregnancy, ongoing clinical pregnancy, and a live-born infant. The rationale for selecting one type of fertility treatment over another is multifactorial: the confirmed or un

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Santos, Gomes Barbara Micaela. "Development of novel tools for assisted reproductive technologies based on electrically switchable surfaces." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2018. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/8690/.

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A variety of stimuli have been explored in the last few decades to develop dynamic interfaces with biotechnological and biomedical applications, such as biosensors, point of care devices, cell behaviour control and tissue engineering. In this work, the use of an electrical stimulus was explored for the development of a smart switchable surface with the ability to, in an on-demand fashion, expose and conceal progesterone - an ovarian steroid hormone which plays a crucial role as a modulator of sperm function. In this system, an electric potential drives a conformational change in the surface bo

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29

Szleper, Katia. "Risques et responsabilités médicales dans les nouvelles technologies de la reproduction humaine." Paris 8, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA081245.

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Les lois, dites lois bioethiques du 29 juillet 1994, reglementent les activites de procreations medicalement assistees et limitent ainsi la liberte de chacun de procreer. Les techniques medicales modernes de reproductions artificielles et de diagnostics prenatals sont des techniques destinees a pallier la sterilite et a prevenir les anomalies genetiques. L'information liee a ces nouvelles technologies est diffusee dans la presse et dans le public, uniquement comme un traitement miracle, et leurs "techniciens" sont presentes comme des "medecins-procreateurs". Cependant, la realite de la pratiqu

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Bathgate, Roslyn Anne. "Studies on the cryopreservation of boar spermatozoa and its integration into assisted reproductive technologies." Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1279.

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PhD<br>The aim of this thesis was to investigate the possibility of integrating frozen-thawed boar semen into reproductive technologies and into commercial production of pigs in Australia. This was to be achieved by establishing a semen freezing and AI regime that was of a standard acceptable to industry, and integrating the resultant frozen-thawed sperm into other reproductive technologies, such as flow cytometric sperm sorting and IVF. Initially, a protocol for freezing and thawing boar semen was established, based on the method described by Westendorf et al. (1975) and attempts were made

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Bathgate, Roslyn. "Studies on the cryopreservation of boar spermatozoa and its integration into assisted reproductive technologies." Connect to full text, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1279.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, 2005.<br>Title from title screen (viewed 13 January 2009). Degree awarded 2005; thesis submitted 2004. Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the Faculty of Veterinary Science. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print form.

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Botha, Nina. "Making a Baby : a Social Investigation of Assisted reproductive Technologies in and around Pretoria." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/53458.

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Making a baby is a chapter-based ethnography of infertility treatments and the people who make use of them in Gauteng. There are four chapters, starting with 'Behind the Curtain'. In the first chapter, the context, both historical and theoretical, of this work is given. Difficulties experienced in accessing people who are undergoing fertility treatments, difficulties in classifying the couples struggling to conceive discussed here as middle class (and why I choose to classify them as such) as well as outlining the history and development of infertility treatments in South Africa follows.

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Khoueiry, Rita. "Empreinte parentale et Aide Médicale à la Procréation : evaluation de l’impact de différents facteurs sur la mise en place et/ou le maintien du marquage différentiel des gènes soumis à empreinte dans des ovocytes et des embryons humains issus de l’AMP." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO10344.

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Les marqueurs épigénétiques, en particulier la méthylation de l’ADN des gènes soumis à empreinte parentale, sont sensibles aux changements environnementaux. Les techniques de l’aide médicalisée à la procréation (AMP) nécessitant la manipulation des gamètes et des embryons in vitro et dans la plupart des cas la stimulation hormonale de l’ovulation des patientes, peuvent interférer avec la reprogrammation et/ou le maintien de la méthylation des gènes soumis à empreinte. Afin d’évaluer ce risque nous avons analysé le profil de méthylation de KvDMR1, qui régule l’expression de KCNQ1OT1, dans des o

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Strickler, Tara Leigh. "Improving Assisted Reproductive Technologies in the Endangered Black-Footed Ferret: Artificial Insemination and Sperm Cryopreservation." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1267057806.

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Kayaalp, Emre. "Political economy and ethic of care : toward a unified theory of utilization of assisted reproductive technologies." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=102515.

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Any ethical argument involving the problems of access to assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) should entail the discussion of the decision protocol and consider the individual deliberating on the appropriateness of these remedies from the point of view of self and community. Yet, arguments based on patients' own moral calculations are rare in the bioethics literature. The moral voice behind most discourses concerning ARTs is that of an outwardly independent spectator, who nonetheless proceeds to justify a personally significant worldview in the utilization of these resources. Investigator

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Stern, Kristina. "New reproductive technologies : the legal regulation of disputes which arise when individuals when individuals seek assisted conception." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.241222.

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Torrance, David Alan. "Christian kinship : relatedness in Christian practice and moral thought." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2017. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/269744.

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Ideas of kinship play a significant role in structuring everyday life, and yet kinship has been neglected in Christian ethics, as well as moral philosophy and bioethics. Attention has been paid in these disciplines to the ethics of ‘family,’ but little regard has been paid to the fact that kinship is not a given, but is culturally contingent. The thesis seeks to remedy the neglect in recent Christian theological ethics by drawing on resources from the history of Christian thought and practice. It uses social anthropology both to unsettle the accounts of kinship used in Christian ethics, and to

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38

Vincent, Rebecca Naomi. "Investigation into DNA methylation and gene expression profiles of imprinted regions in infants conceived via assisted reproductive technologies." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/52856.

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A correlation has been found between babies born through assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) and an increased risk of genomic imprinting disorders such as Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS), Angelman syndrome (AS), and Silver-Russell syndrome (SRS), as well as other diseases in later life such as diabetes and obesity. In order to assess whether in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) impact the establishment of DNA methylation and/or gene expression patterns of imprinted regions, cord blood and placental tissue were collected from babies born after IVF and

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Wheatley, Alison Louise. "Good soldiers, good guys, and good parents : the meanings of donation and donated tissue in the context of the Danish donor sperm industry." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/26038.

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Denmark is a major exporter of both anonymous and identity-release donor sperm worldwide, and is home to one the world's largest sperm bank networks. The country's legal framework allows for sperm donors to make the choice whether to be anonymous or to release their identity to potential offspring, in contrast to the majority of European countries which require either anonymity or identity-release donation. As such, it represents a chance for researchers to draw comparisons between donors who have explicitly made these different choices. This thesis draws on data from thirteen in-depth semi-st

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Wu, Elizabeth Xianshi. "X-chromosome inactivation and FMR1 CGG repeat and AGG interspersion number in female newborns conceived by assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs)." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/42609.

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Pregnancies derived from in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) are associated with increased rates of chromosome abnormalities, congenital malformations, low birth weight, pre-term births, multiple gestations, and imprinting disorders. Assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) enable sub-fertile individuals to circumvent the natural selective pressures involved in human reproduction. The risks of ARTs may be due to the underlying causes of subfertility in these individuals or to the artificial processes used to achieve pregnancy. X-chromosome inactivation (

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Lentz, Vanessa. "Asking the inconceivable? Physician-patient conflict regarding the utilization of assisted reproductive technologies(ARTs) by HIV-seropositive couples: medical, ethical and legal considerations." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=18296.

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First recognized in 1981, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) continues to foster considerable medical and ethical debate among physicians with regards to treatment options in reproductive medicine. During the first decade of the HIV/AIDS epidemic, fear of viral transmission prompted many physicians to refuse to treat non-HIV-related conditions in infected individuals. In the last decade, long-term prognosis for HIV-infected individuals has risen dramatically, fuelled by the development of potent antiretroviral therapies. Given their improved state of health, an increasing number of

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Beltran, Anzola Any Alejandra. "Evaluation de l'état de santé périnatal des enfants nés après assistance médicale à la procréation : trois études transversales réalisées à partir d'une cohorte monocentrique incluant 3829 issues de grossesse." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0639/document.

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L’Assistance Médicale à la Procréation est considérée comme une solution thérapeutique en cas d’infertilité. Au-delà des questions économiques et éthiques qui sont soulevées au niveau de la société, l’impact sur la santé des enfants nés grâce à ces techniques pose de nombreuses questions. En effet, ces techniques ont été introduites chez l’homme sans aucun essai clinique ni aucune évaluation sur les effets à long terme sur la santé.Dans ce travail, nous présentons trois études réalisées à partir d’une cohorte de plus de 3000 enfants (singletons et jumeaux) constituée depuis 1994 au sein du ser

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Egede, Hephzibah. "The social stigmatisation of involuntary childless women in Sub-Saharan Africa : the gender empowerment and justice case for cheaper access to assisted reproductive technologies?" Thesis, Cardiff University, 2015. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/91231/.

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This thesis considers the social stigmatisation of involuntary childlessness in Sub-Saharan Africa. It explores the socio-legal issues that arise when involuntary childlessness is given a gendered meaning and how this contributes to the social stigmatisation of involuntarily childless women in this developing region. The social stigmatisation of involuntarily childless women in Sub-Saharan Africa has been widely documented in the social science literature. This body of literature on the gendered meaning of infertility and its impact on involuntary childless women has helped to change attitudes

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Vialle, Manon. "Infertilité "normale" vs infertilité "pathologique" : une opposition en question : normes et pratiques françaises de l'AMP face à l'infertilité féminine liée à l'âge." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0159.

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La croissance de l’infertilité féminine liée à l’âge dans les sociétés européennes et nord-américaines suscite une augmentation de demandes en matière d’assistance médicale à la procréation (AMP) et amène chaque société à s’interroger sur ses normes et pratiques. En France, cette question est un révélateur de la spécificité du modèle bioéthique qui encadre les techniques d’AMP, ainsi que de ses tensions et contradictions croissantes. La particularité de ce modèle est de se présenter comme strictement « thérapeutique » et de reposer sur l’opposition entre infertilité « normale » et infertilité

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Silva, Isabela Machado da. "O desenvolvimento da relação do casal durante a transição para a parentalidade no contexto da reprodução assistida : um estudo longitudinal da gestação ao primeiro ano de vida do bebê." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/71825.

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Este trabalho investigou o desenvolvimento da relação coparental e conjugal durante o processo de transição para a parentalidade, no contexto da reprodução assistida. Realizou-se um estudo de caso coletivo longitudinal. Três casais responderam a entrevistas individuais semiestruturadas em três momentos: (a) a gestação (b) após o terceiro mês de vida do bebê e (c) após o primeiro ano do bebê. Os dados foram submetidos a uma análise narrativa, que enfocou tanto as particularidades de cada casal, como suas semelhanças. Sugere-se a existência de um processo de diferenciação crescente da relação do

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Alcoba, Diego Duarte. "Utilização de células foliculares ovarianas para o aprimoramento de técnicas de reprodução assistida e para a compreensão da falência ovariana precoce." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/143596.

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A infertilidade é uma condição clínica que acomete até 15% dos casais em idade reprodutiva. Como forma de tratamento para essa parcela da população a Medicina Reprodutiva dispõe de várias técnicas de Reprodução Assistida que visam auxiliar o casal na obtenção da gestação. O primeiro passo para obtenção de sucesso na Medicina Reprodutiva é o correto diagnóstico da infertilidade e, do ponto de vista didático, as causas de infertilidade podem ser classificadas em: feminina, masculina, mista ou desconhecida. A causa feminina de infertilidade apresenta como importante fator o ovariano, representado

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Simonavičienė, Aušra. "Pagalbinių apvaisinimo būdų taikymo etinės problemos pacientų požiūriu." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2007. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20070803.110500-16012.

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Darbo tikslas. Išanalizuoti pagalbinių apvaisinimo būdų taikymo etines problemas pacientų požiūriu. Uždaviniai. Ištirti ir palyginti vaisingų ir nevaisingų šeimų požiūrį į pagalbinius apvaisinimo būdus; Nustatyti etines problemas, kylančias nevaisingoms šeimoms, naudojant pagalbinius apvaisinimo būdus; Įvertinti nevaisingų šeimų požiūrį į pagalbinių apvaisinimo būdų įstatyminę bazę. Tyrimo metodika. Anoniminė anketinė apklausa. Tirtos dvi respondentų grupės: nevaisingi asmenys (vaisingumo asociacijos nariai, n=93) ir vaisingi asmenys (besilaukiančios moterys, n=146). Rezultatai. Didžioji dali

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El, Fekih Sahar. "Impact des facteurs maternels et paternels sur les résultats de FIV / ICSI et investigations génétiques des spermatozoïdes d'hommes infertiles." Thesis, Brest, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BRES0088/document.

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L’infertilité concerne 8 à 12% des couples en âge de procréer. Face à ce problème, des prises en charge médicales peuvent être proposées comme la fécondation in vitro (FIV) et l’injection intracytoplasmique de spermatozoïde (ICSI). Toutefois, le taux d’échec de ces techniques reste relativement élevé. Dans la première partie, l’impact des facteurs maternels et paternels sur les résultats de 194 cycles de FIV et 586 cycles d’ICSI a été étudié. L’âge maternel, le nombre d’ovocytes ponctionnés et matures influencent principalement les résultats. Ni l’âge paternel ni les paramètres spermatiques (n

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Nichols, Stephanie. "Analysis of Oocyte Quality in the Rhesus Macaque (Macaca mulatta)." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2007. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1078.

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Many primate populations face the threat of extinction due to habitat loss, intensive agriculture, hunting for meat, the pet trade and/or use in traditional medicines. An alternative approach to in situ conservation includes gene banking and the use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART), such as oocyte in vitro maturation (IVM) and in vitro fertilization (IVF). Although many of these 'high-tech' solutions have not yet been proven viable for pragmatic wildlife conservation, basic research and development of these emerging tools can provide necessary information needed to optimize th

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Agranonik, Marilyn. "Cesariana e gestação múltipla : avaliação de seus impactos sobre a saúde infantil." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/87117.

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Introdução: O Brasil está passando por uma transição demográfica e epidemiológica, com melhorias na área da saúde. Apesar desse cenário, as taxas de baixo peso ao nascer (BPN) e a mortalidade infantil permanecem altas. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar o impacto do uso extensivo de tecnologias, como o parto cesáreo e a concepção assistida, sobre resultados perinatais, durante os últimos 16 anos. Esse objetivo foi dividido em duas partes: (1) avaliação do impacto do aumento da taxa de parto cesáreo no BPN, de acordo com tipo de hospital (privado, público ou misto) e (2) avaliação do impacto das

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