Academic literature on the topic 'Associate Alumni'
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Journal articles on the topic "Associate Alumni"
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Punzi, P. E., J. Nye, J. E. Swasey, and R. W. Thomas. "Career Advancement Comparison Between Ornamental Horticulture Associate Degree and Nondegree Programs." HortTechnology 9, no. 1 (1999): 114–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.9.1.114.
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This study was conducted to determine if there is a difference between the career advancement of alumni of ornamental horticulture associate (terminal) degree and nondegree programs. A survey of the alumni of three associate degree and three nondegree training programs was administered, using guidelines from career advancement validation research conducted at Alverno College, Milwaukee. Wis. (Ben-Ur and Rogers, 1994). Six programs were selected from North Carolina, Maine, Ohio, and southeastern Canada, including parts of Ontario and Quebec and all of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia. The programs were selected because of their perceived high reputations, as based on a survey sent to eight selected Longwood Gardens staff (Kennett Square, Pa.) and six professors in the Plant and Soils Science Department at the University of Delaware (Newark). Survey respondents were initially chosen based on their knowledge of the field of horticulture and of ornamental horticulture educational programs. The statistical analysis of the data did not support the presupposition that there would be a significant difference between the career advancement in favor of graduates from horticultural associate degree programs.
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Midgen, Joseph. "ALUMNI SURVEY OF ENTRY GOALS, SATISFACTION, AND JOB BENEFITS ASSOCIATED WITH THE ASSOCIATE DEGREE." Community Junior College Research Quarterly of Research and Practice 11, no. 3 (1987): 179–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0361697870110305.
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Baker, Nancy J., Madison Cutler, and Elizabeth Sopdie. "Perceived Influence of Medical Students’ Community Health Assessment Projects." Family Medicine 52, no. 8 (2020): 586–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.22454/fammed.2020.381413.
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Background and Objectives: To achieve overall health, physicians must understand how community and population health impacts individual health. Although several US medical schools have incorporated community health assessment project requirements into traditional curricula, examples in longitudinal integrated clerkships are unknown. This study was designed to assess alumni perceptions of the influence of community health assessment projects, a core component of the University of Minnesota Rural and Metropolitan Physician Associate Program’s (RPAP/MetroPAP) 9-month longitudinal integrated curriculum. Methods: This 2018 study consisted of a descriptive cross-sectional survey of 480 RPAP/MetroPAP alumni who completed 457 community health assessment projects between 2004/2005 and 2016/2017. The authors administered a 14-item survey requesting date and location of RPAP/MetroPAP 9-month placement, name of project, source of project idea, and perception of project influence on professional activities. Quantitative data were collected using 4-point Likert scales. We collected qualitative data with open text boxes. Results: The survey response rate was 42.29% (203/480). A key finding was alumni perceived project ideas arising from community partners had greater impact on their acquisition of several community engagement skills. One-half reported projects influenced their professional activities, evidenced by ongoing community engagement, interest and participation in public health and preventive health initiatives, efforts to learn about specific health issues, social determinants of health and patient advocacy. Conclusions: This exploratory study suggests medical student community health assessment projects enhance community engagement and soliciting project ideas from community partners increases student acquisition of community engagement skills.
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Hausmann, Leslie R. M., and M. Scott DeBerard. "Reflections on growing leadership capacity through formal training and mid-career peer connections." Translational Behavioral Medicine 10, no. 4 (2020): 886–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tbm/ibaa060.
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Abstract In this commentary, two alumni of the 2018 Society of Behavioral Medicine Mid-Career Leadership Institute reflect on their experiences in the year-long program. Each was at different stages of their career and went into the program for different reasons. One was seeking purpose and direction after being promoted to Associate Professor. The other had been awarded full professorship and was contemplating a career move into administration. Assigned to the same learning community within the institute, they stayed in touch through monthly peer-mentoring calls over the course of the year. These calls both reinforced what they learned during the leadership institute and provided a forum for brainstorming how to maximize their career opportunities and traverse their distinct career challenges. Both have since gone through significant career changes, thanks to the validation, inspiration, and support provided by the leadership institute. Both continue to reap the benefits from participating in the leadership institute as they navigate the new and exciting landscape of their changing careers.
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Suyanto, Suyanto, and Usman Ependi. "Pengujian Usability dengan Teknik System Usability Scale pada Test Engine Try Out Sertifikasi." MATRIK : Jurnal Manajemen, Teknik Informatika dan Rekayasa Komputer 19, no. 1 (2019): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.30812/matrik.v19i1.503.
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Test engine try out is an information system used by prospective alumni students to practice the questions in taking the certification exams at Bina Darma University. Exercises that can be done on this test engine are vendor certifications such as Microsoft Technology Associate, SAP, NIIT, PASAS, CISCO, and various other certifications. To ascertain whether the test engine is in line with the expectations and needs of the participants try out then an evaluation is carried out. The evaluation technique used is usability with the system usability scale approach. System usability scale is an information system evaluation technique that looks at three aspects, namely adjective rating, grade scale, acceptability by involving end users in the evaluation process. In the process of evaluating the usability scale system, ten instruments were used as a measure of evaluation. From the evaluation, the final result is 87.33. According to these conditions, it can be concluded that the test engine try out from the side of the adjective rating includes the excellence group, from the grade scale side including B group, and from the acceptability side including the acceptable group.
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El-Hamamsy, Laila Shukry. "Planning and development of rural and semi-urban settlements." Ekistics and The New Habitat 69, no. 412-414 (2002): 140–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.53910/26531313-e200269412-414400.
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The author, a cultural anthropologist, Professor Emeritus, Social Research Center, American University in Cairo, and a member of UNESCO's International Bioethics Committee and Egypt's National Bioethics Committee, after completing her Ph. D studies at Cornell University, has been for 25 years Professor and Director of the Social Research Center, American University in Cairo, while also acting as Senior Fellow, Population Center, Harvard University; Senior Visiting Associate, Population Program, California Institute of Technology; Research Project Director, United Nations Research Institute for Social Development, Geneva. Parallel to the above, she has been consultant for, and member of numerous international evaluation missions and expert committees of the UN Economic and Social Department, the UN Population Division, UNFPA, UNESCO, UNICEF, WHO and FAO. She has also been Secretary General of the Organization for the Promotion of Social Sciences in the Middle East; member of the Smithsonian Center for the Study of Man and of the Board of the International Union for Ethnological and Anthropological Sciences; member of the World Society for Ekistics (WSE),of which she was Vice-President for four years. The various distinctions awarded to Dr El-Hamamsy for her overall scientific achievements include the Distinguished Alumni Award of the American University in Cairo and the President Award of the American Anthropological Association. The text that follows is a slightly edited and revised version of a paper presented at the WSE Symposion "Defining Success of the City in the 21st Century," Berlin, 24-28 October, 2001.
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Mashevskyi, Oleh, and Olga Sukhobokova. "“American Talks” – Educational and Scientific Project of the Ukrainian Association for American Studies and the Faculty of History of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv." American History & Politics Scientific edition, no. 8 (2019): 88–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2521-1706.2019.08.09.
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The article deals with the educational project «American Talks», implemented during 2018-2019 by the non-governmental organization Ukrainian Association for American Studies and the Department of Modern and Contemporary History of Foreign Countries of the Faculty of History, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. A series of meetings, lectures, discussions on topical issues of American history and politics, Ukrainian-American relations, the place of personality in the modern world, the formation of leaders and their role in American society are covered. Lecture-discussion «Education at American Universities» by Associate Professor Alexander Komarenko was devoted to discussing opportunities for Ukrainian youth to study at American universities, financing American university education, system of management and coordination of educational projects, correlation of local and federal educational systems. The event in the Framework event within the American Talks project, organized by the Chairman of the Board of NGOs Ukrainian Association for American Studies, Associate Professor Makar Taran, on «The USA and China in the 21st Century: Global Competition of the Superpower of the Present and the Superpower of the Future», was devoted to the most important aspects of the current relations between the two superpowers, prospects for their development and the implications of these processes for international relations. It was emphasized that the US-China relations are the most important bilateral relations of global importance and their significance for the whole world, and for Ukraine in particular, will only grow. An opportunity to become a woman in the American society as an individual, her prospects for education and professional development, and family attitudes toward women who have a successful career was addressed by an event titled «Women’s Careers in the United States: Benefits, Challenges, Opportunities» with American filmmaker, lawyer Sharon Rowven, and producer, director and screenwriter Andrea Blaugrund Nevins. In May 2019, at the Faculty of History of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, a lecture-discussion was held by a well-known American journalist, a civil servant of Ukrainian descent, ex-director of the Ukrainian Voice of America service, Adrian Karmazin. This meaningful event was attended by students, studying under the American and European Studies program, as well as alumni, teachers of History Faculty, representatives of the Ukrainian Association for American Studies, specialists in international relations and counteraction to Russian hybrid information warfare against Ukraine. Ukrainian-American Educational Dialogue – a discussion about university-based humanitarian education in Ukraine and the USA between students and teachers of the American and European Studies program at the Taras Shevchenko National University and Nazareth College (State of New York, USA), aimed at informing US colleagues about the history and current development of Ukrainian university education, sharing experience in higher education in the humanities and discussing prospects for cooperation.
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Cannon, Nathan H., David N. Herda, and Thomas M. Puffer. "Colleagues for Life? Post-Employment Citizenship among Big 4 Alumni." Accounting Horizons 33, no. 3 (2019): 25–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/acch-52422.
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SYNOPSIS Using a sample of 2,533 Big 4 alumni, we examine factors associated with alumni's proclivity to benefit their former firm (post-employment citizenship). Based on social exchange theory, we predict and find that alumni who perceive their firm treated them fairly and adequately supported them during their time with the firm are more inclined to engage in post-employment citizenship. We provide theoretical and practical contributions to the literature by also investigating the role of post-employment experiences on alumni's commitment to the firm and citizenship behavior. Although we predict and find that firm commitment decreases after individuals exit the firm, we find that formal and informal alumni outreach activities appear to help mitigate this decline. Although most prior research on public accounting alumni models “alumni affiliation” as a binary trait, we illustrate that the nature and quality of alumni affiliation is variable and identify some of the underlying mechanisms influencing alumni behavior.
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Buttram, Mance E., Maria E. Pagano, and Steven P. Kurtz. "Foster care, syndemic health disparities and associations with HIV/STI diagnoses among young adult substance users." Sexually Transmitted Infections 95, no. 3 (2018): 175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2017-053490.
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ObjectivesFoster care history is associated with many health and social problems, including sexual risk behaviours, HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). This cross-sectional study compares sexual risk behaviours among a sample of young adult substance users in Miami (N=602) with and without foster care histories.MethodsParticipants completed a comprehensive assessment which included sections on foster care, sexual risk behaviours and related health and social problems. Logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between foster care history, associated syndemic vulnerabilities and increased likelihood of having a prior HIV/STI diagnosis.ResultsBivariate analyses indicated that foster care alumni were more likely to report a prior HIV/STI diagnosis, higher condomless sex frequencies, being high on alcohol or drugs during sex, sexual victimisation and a history of homelessness compared with other participants in the sample (p<0.05). Multivariate analyses revealed that foster care history, sexual victimisation and group sex participation are associated with a prior HIV/STI diagnosis (p<0.05). Group sex participation doubled the odds of a prior HIV/STI diagnosis for foster care alumni, compared with other participants (p<0.5).ConclusionsThis exploratory study identifies characteristics that distinguish foster care alumni from non-alumni and signals the need to better serve the sexual and related health needs of individuals with foster care histories. Clinicians and healthcare providers should provide foster care alumni with detailed HIV/STI risk reduction information and resources and services to address related syndemic vulnerabilities (eg, victimisation and homelessness).
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English, Peter, Margarietha Johanna de Villiers Scheepers, David Fleischman, Jacqueline Burgess, and Gail Crimmins. "Developing professional networks: the missing link to graduate employability." Education + Training 63, no. 4 (2021): 647–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/et-10-2020-0309.
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PurposeResponding to increasing external pressure, universities are developing new strategies to illustrate the impact of their degrees on graduate employability. This paper investigates how alumni regard the development of their professional networks during their tertiary education in relation to employability and the associated pedagogical implications.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative approach using semi-structured interviews with 18 business and arts alumni from a regional university.FindingsThe findings reveal the importance of developing a professional network by cultivating social capital while at university. Alumni identify all forms of work-integrated learning (WIL), connectedness through social media, the role of university staff and volunteering as concrete ways to develop a professional network and enhance employability.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper has pedagogical implications to develop graduate employability and WIL. Universities should draw from alumni networks to help develop students' bridging capital through industry-facing WIL projects. Educators should design assessment tasks in which students develop contacts and networking capabilities with alumni and other professionals using various platforms (e.g. social media). In addition, educators should promote the benefits of voluntary work and invite alumni and other industry stakeholders to co-design and co-teach areas of curriculum.Originality/valueDrawing from the experiences of alumni re-routes the channel of communication from institutions expressing the importance of professional networks in relation to employability, to credible industry alumni confirming this importance. Few previous studies have taken this “outside-in approach” to emphasise and validate the importance of developing professional networks in relation to employability, particularly at regional universities.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Associate Alumni"
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Hawkins, Martin E. "An evaluation of selected Dallas Theological Seminary alumni in the role of assistant and associate pastor in the local church." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2000. http://www.tren.com.
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Loveday, Christine Hawk. "An Analysis of the Variables Associated with Alumni Giving and Employee Giving to a Mid-Sized Southeastern University." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1216.
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The purpose of this study was to determine if there was a relationship among selected demographic variables and donor or nondonor status of alumni and employees at the participating university. The variables involving alumni were gender, highest degree earned, and college of major study. The variables regarding employees were gender and position. The study was conducted using archived alumni data from the Alumni Association’s database program and the archived employee data from the Office of Human Resources’ database program. The population for this study consisted of the 76,728 alumni and the 2,279 full-time employees of a mid-sized southeastern university during the fiscal year 2009-2010. The results of the data analysis gave insight into what degree alumni and employees gave back to their university and place of employment. For example, 3.9% of alumni were found to be donors while 18.4% of employees were shown to be donors. The percentage of alumni who donated increased with each advanced degree earned. Males in both categories, alumni and employees, donated at a higher percentage than females. In the employee category, faculty were shown to donate at a higher percentage than administrators or staff. The study provided an increase in the body of knowledge of the variables of alumni giving and employee giving at the participating university.
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Kimberling, Cheryl Gray. "The Sociological Factors Associated with the Career Development of Women Theological Graduates." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1988. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332363/.
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Because it is representative of other Southern Baptist seminaries and distinguished by a vigorous graduate program, Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary (SWBTS) was chosen as the institution from which the population was taken. The study, conducted in 1984, collected data about women graduates of SWBTS for the years 1975, 1978, and 1981, with the following purposes: (1) to develop a profile of women who choose seminary education as an avenue of career preparation; (2) to determine the degree of influence of significant others --individuals in the family, school, peer group, and the church -- on women pursuing graduate education in order to prepare for ministry vocations. Among the findings of the study are these observations: 1. Despite a consistently supportive role from church pastors about respondents' career choices before, during, and after seminary, few seminary graduates encountered clergywomen as role models, or received material support from their home churches, and many encountered gender bias and discrimination as they sought ministry-related careers throughout their educational careers and afterwards. 2. The most desired career choices expressed by respondents include missionary, age group minister, counselor, minister of education, and college or seminary teacher. 3. The least desired career choices of respondents include minister of music, graded choir director, church musician, minister of outreach, pastor, associate pastor, chaplain, and recreation specialist. 4. Mothers, fathers, campus ministers, close friends, fellow seminary students, and missionaries and mission activities were cited, variously, as positively influencing seminary graduates at different stages of their careers. The study's conclusions include the further observation that despite disturbing discrimination against them, the women querried remained faithful to the Southern Baptist denomination, desired to serve, and wished for self improvement in their study and growth.
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Forné, González Susanna. "Canvis cognitius i cerebrals associats a una intervenció fonològica intensiva en alumnes amb dificultats lectores." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670503.
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Introducció: la dislèxia és el trastorn de l’aprenentatge més freqüent en la població infantil amb repercussions importants en el desenvolupament acadèmic, social i emocional dels infants que la pateixen. En els darrers anys s’ha fet un gran esforç per identificar quins són els factors de risc de les dificultats lectores i desenvolupar noves metodologies per ajudar als infants a superar-les. S’ha demostrat que la intervenció primerenca té més èxit que la tardana i que els programes d’entrenament intensiu poden beneficiar els nens i les nenes amb dificultats de lectura. Objectiu: avaluar els canvis cognitius i cerebrals associats a l’aplicació d’un programa intensiu d’entrenament fonològic informatitzat per millorar el rendiment lector en infants de primer cicle d’educació primària amb dificultats lectores. Metodologia: trenta-dos nens i nenes amb dificultats de lectura es van assignar aleatòriament a cadascun dels dos grups d’intervenció amb una durada de 16 setmanes, el grup amb dificultats lectores d’entrenament intensiu informatitzat (sessions diàries individuals de 10-15 minuts, 5 dies a la setmana), DLEI (n=20), centrat en el treball de consciència fonològica, fonèmica, descodificació i velocitat lectora i el grup amb dificultats lectores d’entrenament ordinari a l’aula (1 sessió setmanal de 50 minuts cadascuna, en grup reduït), DLEO (n=12), que va rebre reforç tradicional de lectura a l’escola basat en lectura col·lectiva i modelatge de la mestra. Els nens i les nenes sense dificultats lectores es van assignar al grup de control C (n=24). Tots/es els i les alumnes van ser valorats mitjançant un protocol cognitiu i de neuroimatge en dos moments temporals, abans i després de la intervenció. Resultats: tant els infants del grup DLEI com DLEO van mostrar un major rendiment de lectura després de la intervenció sent superior el del grup DLEI. El grup de C no va mostrar canvis significatius durant el mateix període. Vam observar que presentar rendiments baixos en les variables de precisió i velocitat lectora de pseudoparaules, precisió lectora de paraules i text així com en ortografia natural són predictores d’un baix rendiment en lectura. Tanmateix, la velocitat lectora de lletres, la precisió lectora de pseudoparaules i l’ortografia natural serien les tres variables predictores de l’èxit de la reeducació intensiva. El perfil lector dels alumnes amb dificultats lectores (65,62%) va ser d’afectació mixt. Les anàlisis VBM van objectivar un % de VSB superior en el grup DLEI associat a la intervenció intensiva. Conclusions: els resultats suggereixen que la intervenció primerenca intensiva basada en l’entrenament fonològic, és una estratègia eficaç per solucionar les dificultats de lectura que s’hauria d’utilitzar a l’escola com a primer enfocament per afrontar-les.<br>ntroducción: la dislexia es el trastorno de aprendizaje más frecuente en la población infantil con repercusiones importantes en el desarrollo académico, social y emocional de los niños y las niñas que la padecen. En los últimos años se ha hecho un gran esfuerzo para identificar cuáles son los factores de riesgo de las dificultades lectoras y desarrollar nuevas metodologías para ayudar a los niños y niñas a superarlas. Se ha demostrado que la intervención precoz tiene más éxito que la tardía y que los programes de entrenamiento intensivo pueden beneficiar a los niños y niñas con dificultades lectoras. Objetivo: evaluar los cambios cognitivos y cerebrales asociados a la aplicación de un programa intensivo de entrenamiento fonológico informatizado para mejorar el rendimiento lector en niños y niñas de primer ciclo de educación primaria con dificultades lectoras. Metodología: treinta y dos niños y niñas con dificultades lectoras fueron asignados aleatoriamente a cada uno de los dos grupos de tratamiento con una duración de 16 semanas, el grupo de entrenamiento intensivo informatizado (sesiones diarias individuales de 10-15 minutos, 5 días a la semana), DLEI (n=20), centrado en el trabajo de conciencia fonológica, fonémica, decodificación y velocidad lectora y el grupo de entrenamiento ordinario en el aula (1 sesión semanal de 50 minutos cada una, en grupo reducido), DLEO (n=12), que recibió refuerzo tradicional de lectura en la escuela basado en lectura colectiva y modelado de la maestra. Los niños y niñas sin dificultades lectoras fueron asignados al grupo control, C (n=24). Todos los alumnos y alumnas fueron valorados mediante un protocolo cognitivo y de neuroimagen en dos momentos temporales, antes y después de la intervención. Resultados: los niños y niñas del grupo DLEI y DLEO mostraron un mayor rendimiento de lectura después de la intervención siendo superior el del grupo DLEI. El grupo C no mostró cambios significativos durante el mismo período. Pudimos observar que presentar rendimientos bajos en las variables de precisión y velocidad de pseudopalabras, precisión lectora de palabras y texto así como en ortografía natural son predictoras de dificultades lectoras. A su vez, la velocidad lectora de letras, la precisión lectora de pseudopalabras y la ortografía natural serían las tres variables predictoras del éxito de la reeducación intensiva. El perfil lector de los y las alumnos/as con dificultades lectoras (65,62%) fue de afectación mixto. Los análisis VBM objetivaron un % de VSB superior en el grupo DLEI asociado a la intervención intensiva. Conclusiones: los resultados sugieren que la intervención precoz intensiva basada en entrenamiento fonológico, es una estrategia eficaz para solucionar las dificultades de lectura y que se puede utilizar en la escuela como primer enfoque para afrontar estas dificultades.<br>Introduction: dyslexia is the most common learning disorder in children population and there have a great impact on academic, social and emotional development to the child that suffer from it. Over the last few years there has been a great amount of effort in order to identify what are the risk factors related to reading disabilities and to develop new methodologies to help children to overcome them. It has been proved that an early intervention has a better success than a late one, and that intensive training programs can benefit little boys and girls with reading disabilities. Goal: the evaluation of brain and cognitive changes related to the use of a phonological intensive training software program to improve reading performance on children with reading disabilities in first and second grade. Methodology: thirty-two little boys and girls with reading disabilities were randomly assigned to two intervention groups in 16-week period; one of theses two groups was the intensive training software program group (10-15 minutes individual daily training sessions, 5 days per week) DLEI (n=20), focused on phonological conscience work, phonemics, decoding and reading speed, and the classic "training-at-classroom" group (1 weekly 50 minutes session in small groups), DLEO (n=12), that had received reading reinforcement at school based on collective reading and teacher modelling. Normal readers (C) were assigned to the control group (n=24). All young boys and girls were evaluated through a cognitive and neuroimaging protocol in two temporal stages, before and after the intervention. Results: both DLEI and DLEO kids showed an improved reading capacity after the intervention, with better results on the DLEI group. C group did not show substantial changes on the same period. We found that a low performance on the accuracy and reading speed of pseudowords, words and text reading accuracy and also in natural orthography are predictor variables of a low reading performance. Nevertheless, reading speed of letters, reading accuracy of pseudowords and natural orthography are the three predictor variables that show a favourable outcome of an intensive training. The reading profile of students with reading disabilities (65,62%) was a mixed involvement. VBM analysis put in objective terms a higher percentage of VSB in the DLEI group related to intensive intervention. Conclusions: results suggest that an early intensive intervention based on phonological training is an effective strategy to solve reading disabilities and it can be used at school as a first approach to face up with such disabilities.<br>Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Programa de Doctorat en Psiquiatria
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Lopes, Leizinara Gonçalves [UNESP]. "Efeitos da luz visível associada à ftalocianina de cloro-alumínio na inativação da Borrelia anserina." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/139358.
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000864070.pdf: 3276572 bytes, checksum: beb57da1d24a51f67b6dd1ab7e4b0878 (MD5)<br>Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)<br>A terapia fotodinâmica se apresenta como uma opção clínica promissora para o tratamento de tumores e, de infecções causadas por vírus e bactérias por meio do uso de fotossensibilizadores não tóxicos. A ftalocianina, quando associada à luz visível, possui propriedades fotofísicas vantajosas apresentando alta absorção na faixa de espectro luminoso vermelho. A borreliose aviária é uma doença aguda e septicêmica, causada pela bactéria Borrelia anserina, transmitida pelo carrapato Argas miniatus, podendo levar a morte. A enfermidade possui grande importância econômica para a avicultura, por causar alto índice de mortalidade em aves. O estudo teve como objetivo verificar se o soro parasitado com Borrelia anserina, tratado com luz visível associada à ftalocianina de cloro-alumínio, quando inoculado in vivo, é capaz de provocar a enfermidade, e quando in vitro, mantém sua capacidade de crescimento em meio Barbour-Stoenner-Kelly. Foram utilizados 11 frangos doadores de soro parasitado e 42 galinhas receptoras, separadas em sete grupos experimentais, in vivo e in vitro, para ambas as etapas. Grupo controle, grupo doença parasitado com B. anserina, grupo Imunossupressão, grupo luz visível, grupo nanoemulsão, grupo ftalocianina e grupo tratado realizado com luz visível associada à emulsão de ftalocianina de cloro-alumínio. O acompanhamento foi realizado a cada cinco dias, durante 45 dias após a inoculação, com realização de exame clínico, espiroquetemia, reação em cadeia da polimerase quantitativa, dosagem de Imunoglobulina Y, colesterol, triglicerídeos, fosfatase alcalina, alanina aminotransferase e aspartato aminotransferase, volume globular e proteína plasmática total. Foi possível concluir que a associação de luz visível e ftalocianina de cloro-alumínio tem efeito favorável no controle da enfermidade, redução da carga parasitária e taxa de mortalidade<br>Photodynamic therapy is presented as a promising clinical option for the treatment of tumors, viruses and bacteria through the use of nontoxic photosensitizers. When the phthalocyanine is combined with visible light, have advantageous on the photophysical properties presenting high absorption in the red light spectrum range. Avian Spirochetosis is an acute and septicemic disease, caused by the bacterium Borrelia anserina, transmitted by Argas miniatus and can lead to death. The disease has great economic importance to the poultry industry, because this causes a high mortality in aviculture. The study had as objective to determine the serum infested with Borrelia anserina, treated using visible light associated with chloro-aluminum phthalocyanine, when inoculated in vivo, is capable of causing illness, and when in vitro, retains its capacity for growth amid Barbour-Stoenner-Kelly. Were used 11 chicken serum donors parasitized and 42 receiving chickens, in seven separate experimental groups, in vivo and in vitro for both steps. Control group, parasitized disease group B. anserina, immunosuppression group, light group visible, nanoemulsion group, phthalocyanine group and treated group conducted with visible light associated with emulsion chloro-aluminum phthalocyanine. Follow-up was conducted every five days, for 45 days after inoculation with conducting clinical examination, spirochetemia, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Immunoglobulin Y dosage, cholesterol, triglycerides, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, Globular volume and plasma total protein. It was concluded that visible light association and chloro-aluminum phthalocyanine has a favorable effect on the control of the disease, reduction in parasite burden and mortality rate
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Lopes, Leizinara Gonçalves. "Efeitos da luz visível associada à ftalocianina de cloro-alumínio na inativação da Borrelia anserina /." Botucatu, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/139358.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Raimundo Souza Lopes<br>Coorientador: Antonio Claudio Tedesco<br>Banca: Regina Kiome Takahira<br>Banca: José Jurandir Fagliari<br>Banca: Aureo Evangelista Santana<br>Banca: Adivaldo Henrique da Fonseca<br>Resumo: A terapia fotodinâmica se apresenta como uma opção clínica promissora para o tratamento de tumores e, de infecções causadas por vírus e bactérias por meio do uso de fotossensibilizadores não tóxicos. A ftalocianina, quando associada à luz visível, possui propriedades fotofísicas vantajosas apresentando alta absorção na faixa de espectro luminoso vermelho. A borreliose aviária é uma doença aguda e septicêmica, causada pela bactéria Borrelia anserina, transmitida pelo carrapato Argas miniatus, podendo levar a morte. A enfermidade possui grande importância econômica para a avicultura, por causar alto índice de mortalidade em aves. O estudo teve como objetivo verificar se o soro parasitado com Borrelia anserina, tratado com luz visível associada à ftalocianina de cloro-alumínio, quando inoculado in vivo, é capaz de provocar a enfermidade, e quando in vitro, mantém sua capacidade de crescimento em meio Barbour-Stoenner-Kelly. Foram utilizados 11 frangos doadores de soro parasitado e 42 galinhas receptoras, separadas em sete grupos experimentais, in vivo e in vitro, para ambas as etapas. Grupo controle, grupo doença parasitado com B. anserina, grupo Imunossupressão, grupo luz visível, grupo nanoemulsão, grupo ftalocianina e grupo tratado realizado com luz visível associada à emulsão de ftalocianina de cloro-alumínio. O acompanhamento foi realizado a cada cinco dias, durante 45 dias após a inoculação, com realização de exame clínico, espiroquetemia, reação em cadeia da polimerase quantitativa, dosagem de Imunoglobulina Y, colesterol, triglicerídeos, fosfatase alcalina, alanina aminotransferase e aspartato aminotransferase, volume globular e proteína plasmática total. Foi possível concluir que a associação de luz visível e ftalocianina de cloro-alumínio tem efeito favorável no controle da enfermidade, redução da carga parasitária e taxa de mortalidade<br>Abstract: Photodynamic therapy is presented as a promising clinical option for the treatment of tumors, viruses and bacteria through the use of nontoxic photosensitizers. When the phthalocyanine is combined with visible light, have advantageous on the photophysical properties presenting high absorption in the red light spectrum range. Avian Spirochetosis is an acute and septicemic disease, caused by the bacterium Borrelia anserina, transmitted by Argas miniatus and can lead to death. The disease has great economic importance to the poultry industry, because this causes a high mortality in aviculture. The study had as objective to determine the serum infested with Borrelia anserina, treated using visible light associated with chloro-aluminum phthalocyanine, when inoculated in vivo, is capable of causing illness, and when in vitro, retains its capacity for growth amid Barbour-Stoenner-Kelly. Were used 11 chicken serum donors parasitized and 42 receiving chickens, in seven separate experimental groups, in vivo and in vitro for both steps. Control group, parasitized disease group B. anserina, immunosuppression group, light group visible, nanoemulsion group, phthalocyanine group and treated group conducted with visible light associated with emulsion chloro-aluminum phthalocyanine. Follow-up was conducted every five days, for 45 days after inoculation with conducting clinical examination, spirochetemia, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Immunoglobulin Y dosage, cholesterol, triglycerides, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, Globular volume and plasma total protein. It was concluded that visible light association and chloro-aluminum phthalocyanine has a favorable effect on the control of the disease, reduction in parasite burden and mortality rate<br>Doutor
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Liu, Hua. "A study of the cutting performance in abrasive waterjet contouring of alumina ceramics and associated jet dynamic characteristics." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2004. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16110/1/Hua_Liu_Thesis.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Abrasive waterjet (AWJ) cutting is one of the most recently developed nontraditional manufacturing technologies. It has been increasingly used in industry owing to its various distinct advantages over the other cutting technologies. However, many aspects of this technology require to be fully understood in order to increase its capability and cutting performance as well as to optimize the cutting process.
This thesis contains an extensive literature review on the investigations of the various aspects in AWJ machining. It shows that while considerable work has been carried out, very little reported research has been found on the AWJ contouring process although it is a common AWJ cutting application. Because of the very nature of the AWJ cutting process, the changing nozzle traverse direction involved in AWJ contouring results in kerf geometrical or shape errors. A thorough understanding of the AWJ contouring process is essential for the reduction or elimination of these shape errors. It also shows that a lack of understanding of the AWJ hydrodynamic characteristics has limited the development of cutting performance models that are required for process control and optimization.
Accordingly, a detailed experimental investigation is presented in this thesis to study the various cutting performance measures in AWJ contouring of an 87% alumina ceramic over a wide range of process parameters. For a comparison purpose, the study also considers AWJ straight-slit cutting. The effects of process parameters on the major cutting performance measures in AWJ contouring have been comprehensively discussed and plausible trends are amply analysed. It finds that the taper angles on the two kerf walls are in different magnitudes in AWJ contouring. The kerf taper on the outer kerf wall increases with the arc radius (or profile curvature), while that on the inner kerf wall decreases. Moreover, the depth of cut increases with an increase in arc radius and approaches the maximum in straight cutting for a given combination of parameters. The other process variables affect the AWJ contouring process in a way similar to that in straight cutting. The analysis has provided a guideline for the selection of process parameters in the AWJ contouring of alumina ceramics.
In order to predict the cutting performance in process planning and ultimately optimize the cutting process, mathematical models for the major cutting performance measures in both straight-slit cutting and contouring are developed using a dimensional analysis technique. The models are then verified by assessing both qualitatively and quantitatively the model predictions with respect to the corresponding experimental data. It shows that the models can adequately predict the cutting performance measures and form the essential basis for developing strategies for selecting the optimum process parameters in AWJ cutting.
To achieve an in-depth understanding of the jet dynamic characteristics such as the velocity and pressure distributions inside a jet, a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation is carried out using a Fluent6 flow solver and the simulation results are validated by an experimental investigation. The water and particle velocities in the jet are obtained under different input and boundary conditions to provide an insight into the jet characteristics and a good understanding of the kerf formation process in AWJ cutting. Various plausible trends and characteristics of the water and particle velocities are analysed and discussed, which provides the essential knowledge for optimizing the jet performance through optimizing the jetting and abrasive parameters.
Mathematical models for the water and particle velocity distributions in an AWJ are finally developed and verified by comparing the predicted jet characteristics with the corresponding CFD simulation data. It shows that the jet characteristics models can yield good predictions for both water and particle velocity distributions in an AWJ. The successful development of these jet dynamic characteristics models is an essential step towards developing more comprehensive mathematical cutting performance models for AWJ cutting and eventually developing the optimization strategies for the effective and efficient use of this advanced manufacturing technology.
8
Liu, Hua. "A Study of the Cutting Performance in Abrasive Waterjet Contouring of Alumina Ceramics and Associated Jet Dynamic Characteristics." Queensland University of Technology, 2004. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16110/.
Full textAbstract:
Abrasive waterjet (AWJ) cutting is one of the most recently developed nontraditional manufacturing technologies. It has been increasingly used in industry owing to its various distinct advantages over the other cutting technologies. However, many aspects of this technology require to be fully understood in order to increase its capability and cutting performance as well as to optimize the cutting process. This thesis contains an extensive literature review on the investigations of the various aspects in AWJ machining. It shows that while considerable work has been carried out, very little reported research has been found on the AWJ contouring process although it is a common AWJ cutting application. Because of the very nature of the AWJ cutting process, the changing nozzle traverse direction involved in AWJ contouring results in kerf geometrical or shape errors. A thorough understanding of the AWJ contouring process is essential for the reduction or elimination of these shape errors. It also shows that a lack of understanding of the AWJ hydrodynamic characteristics has limited the development of cutting performance models that are required for process control and optimization. Accordingly, a detailed experimental investigation is presented in this thesis to study the various cutting performance measures in AWJ contouring of an 87% alumina ceramic over a wide range of process parameters. For a comparison purpose, the study also considers AWJ straight-slit cutting. The effects of process parameters on the major cutting performance measures in AWJ contouring have been comprehensively discussed and plausible trends are amply analysed. It finds that the taper angles on the two kerf walls are in different magnitudes in AWJ contouring. The kerf taper on the outer kerf wall increases with the arc radius (or profile curvature), while that on the inner kerf wall decreases. Moreover, the depth of cut increases with an increase in arc radius and approaches the maximum in straight cutting for a given combination of parameters. The other process variables affect the AWJ contouring process in a way similar to that in straight cutting. The analysis has provided a guideline for the selection of process parameters in the AWJ contouring of alumina ceramics. In order to predict the cutting performance in process planning and ultimately optimize the cutting process, mathematical models for the major cutting performance measures in both straight-slit cutting and contouring are developed using a dimensional analysis technique. The models are then verified by assessing both qualitatively and quantitatively the model predictions with respect to the corresponding experimental data. It shows that the models can adequately predict the cutting performance measures and form the essential basis for developing strategies for selecting the optimum process parameters in AWJ cutting. To achieve an in-depth understanding of the jet dynamic characteristics such as the velocity and pressure distributions inside a jet, a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation is carried out using a Fluent6 flow solver and the simulation results are validated by an experimental investigation. The water and particle velocities in the jet are obtained under different input and boundary conditions to provide an insight into the jet characteristics and a good understanding of the kerf formation process in AWJ cutting. Various plausible trends and characteristics of the water and particle velocities are analysed and discussed, which provides the essential knowledge for optimizing the jet performance through optimizing the jetting and abrasive parameters. Mathematical models for the water and particle velocity distributions in an AWJ are finally developed and verified by comparing the predicted jet characteristics with the corresponding CFD simulation data. It shows that the jet characteristics models can yield good predictions for both water and particle velocity distributions in an AWJ. The successful development of these jet dynamic characteristics models is an essential step towards developing more comprehensive mathematical cutting performance models for AWJ cutting and eventually developing the optimization strategies for the effective and efficient use of this advanced manufacturing technology.
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Ruiz, Julissa Janet Robles. "Condicionamento do esmalte com óxido de alumínio associado ao ácido fosfórico na colagem indireta de braquetes." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23151/tde-28052013-194823/.
Full textAbstract:
O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a resistência de união e a interface de falha da colagem de braquetes colados pela técnica indireta após o condicionamento do esmalte com jato de óxido de alumínio de 27, 50 e 90 m seguido da aplicação de ácido fosfórico a 37%; e avaliar quantitativa e qualitativamente as alterações da superfície do esmalte após os diferentes tipos de condicionamento. A amostra foi constituída por 104 pré-molares superiores. Na primeira parte da pesquisa 80 dentes foram divididos aleatoriamente em 4 grupos (n=20) que receberam diferentes condicionamentos das faces linguais: G1 (controle)- ácido fosfórico a 37%; G2, G3 e G4- jato de óxido de alumínio de 27, 50 e 90 m, respectivamente, antes da aplicação de ácido fosfórico. Braquetes linguais foram colados indiretamente com o mesmo material e metodologia nos 4 grupos. A força máxima de cisalhamento requerida para descolar os braquetes foi determinada por meio de uma máquina de ensaios mecânicos universal, e a interface de falha na colagem, por meio do Índice de Resina Remanescente (ARI). Para a avaliação quantitativa dos efeitos provocados no esmalte pelos diferentes condicionamentos, 20 dentes foram divididos aleatoriamente em 4 grupos, e suas faces linguais foram condicionadas de acordo com o protocolo proposto anteriormente. A rugosidade do esmalte (Ra) antes e após o seu condicionamento foi determinada por meio de um microscópio a laser confocal. Na avaliação qualitativa foram utilizados 4 dentes, que foram condicionados segundo protocolo descrito anteriormente. O teste ANOVA de um critério foi utilizado para comparar a resistência adesiva e o incremento de rugosidade entre os grupos. As diferenças entre as pontuações do ARI foram avaliadas com o teste de Kruskal-Wallis. Foi adotado nível de significância de 5% em todas as avaliações estatísticas. Não foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre os quatro tipos de condicionamento de esmalte quando avaliou-se as médias de resistência de união e o incremento de rugosidade. Também não foram verificadas diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre as pontuações do ARI. O resultado da avaliação qualitativa evidenciou padrões diferentes de condicionamento entre o esmalte condicionado com ácido fosfórico e o esmalte condicionado com óxido de alumínio associado ao ácido. No esmalte condicionado com ácido, observaram-se leves irregularidades correspondentes com o padrão tipo III de Silverstone; enquanto no esmalte condicionado com jato de óxido de alumínio de 27, 50 e 90 m mais ácido fosfórico verificaram-se padrões similares de condicionamento, com superfícies de textura áspera bastante uniforme, presença de múltiplas elevações com diferentes alturas e bordas arredondadas, semelhantes ao padrão tipo II de Silverstone. Assim, concluiu-se que o condicionamento do esmalte com óxido de alumínio associado ao ácido não incrementou a resistência de união de braquetes colados indiretamente, não modificou a quantidade de resina remanescente, nem aumentou a rugosidade do esmalte. No entanto, produz um padrão de condicionamento diferente ao obtido com o ácido.<br>The purpose of this study was to compare the bond strength and the bond failure location of indirectly bonded brackets after enamel conditioning with 27, 50 and 90 m aluminum oxide followed by application of 37% phosphoric acid; and to analyze quantitatively and qualitatively the alterations on the enamel surface after the different conditionings. The sample consisted of 104 superior premolars. In the first stage of this research, 80 teeth were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=20) that received different conditionings at the lingual faces: G1 (control)- 37% phosphoric acid, G2, G3 and G4- 27, 50 and 90 m aluminum oxide, respectively, before applying phosphoric acid. The lingual brackets were indirectly bonded using the same material and methodology in the 4 groups. The maximum shear bond strength required to debond the brackets was determined using a mechanical testing machine, and the bond failure location through the Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI). For the quantitative analysis of the effects caused in the enamel due to the different conditionings, 20 teeth were randomly divided into 4 groups, and their lingual faces were conditioned according to the previously described protocol. The enamel roughness (Ra) before and after conditioning was measured using a confocal laser scanning microscope. In the qualitative analysis 4 teeth that were conditioned according to the previously described protocol were used. One-way ANOVA analysis was used to compare the bond strength and the roughness increment between the groups. The differences among the ARI scores were analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis test. A 5% significance level was adopted for all statistical analysis. No statistical differences were observed among the 4 types of enamel conditionings when the mean shear bond strength and roughness increase were compared. There were not also statistically significant differences between the ARI scores. The results of the qualitative analysis showed different conditioning patterns between the enamel prepared with phosphoric acid and the enamel treated with aluminum oxide associated to phosphoric acid. In the acid-etching enamel, slight irregularities corresponding to Silverstones type III pattern were found; while in the enamel conditioned with aluminum oxide of 27, 50 and 90 m followed by phosphoric acid, similar conditioning patterns were found, with rough surfaces highly uniform, presence of multiple elevations of different heights and rounded edges, similar to Silverstones type II pattern. In conclusion, the enamel conditioning with aluminum oxide associated to phosphoric acid did not increase the bond strength of indirectly bonded brackets; it did not modify the quantity of remnant resin nor increased the enamel roughness. However, it produced a conditioning pattern different to the one obtained with acid.
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Macedo, Érika de Oliveira Dias de. "Desenvolvimento e caracterização de cerâmicas coloridas para uso ortodôntico à base de alumina associada ao feldspato." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/87178.
Full textAbstract:
Esta tese teve como objetivo desenvolver e caracterizar peças cerâmicas obtidas a partir de pós de alumina nas cores rosa e azul, produzidos por processo experimental. O desenvolvimento deste novo processo de produção gerou a necessidade de proteção realizada por meio de pedido de depósito de patente. Os pós produzidos foram caracterizados quanto à distribuição granulométrica e conformados por prensagem uniaxial em discos com 12 (±0,2)mm de diâmetro e 1,2 (±0,2)mm de espessura e os protocolos de sinterização foram definidos em função da cor e da concentração do aditivo utilizado. O feldspato foi escolhido como aditivo de sinterização para que a mesma ocorresse via fase líquida. Ele foi adicionado nas concentrações de 10, 15 e 20% tanto para os grupos de cor rosa (grupos R10, R15 e R20) quanto para os de cor azul (grupos A10, A15 e A20). Após a sinterização as peças foram analisadas quanto ao módulo de elasticidade, microdureza Vickers, rugosidade de superfície e tenacidade à fratura. O módulo de elasticidade variou de 183,2 a 157 GPa, nos grupos de cor rosa, e nos grupos de cor azul os valores variaram de 101,1 a 176,6 GPa. A rugosidade apresentou valores entre 0, 43 e 0,72 μm para os grupos de cor rosa e 0,39 e 0,6 μm para os grupos de cor azul. A dureza Vickers variou de 418,7 a 623,1 para a cor rosa e de 366,9 a 632 para cor azul. A tenacidade média para os grupos de cor rosa variou de 0,72 a 1,97 MPa.m1/2 e de 0,82 a 1,9 MPa.m1/2 para os grupos de cor azul. O grupo R10 apresentou valores médios de rugosidade significativamente maiores tanto em relação ao grupo R20 quanto ao grupo A10. As demais concentrações não apresentaram diferença significativa em relação às cores. A média dos valores de dureza do grupo A10 foi significativamente maior em relação às demais concentrações na mesma cor, no entanto não houve diferença quando comparado ao grupo R10. Os valores médios do módulo de elasticidade foram significativamente maiores nos grupos de cor rosa em relação aos grupos de cor azul para as mesmas concentrações com exceção do grupo R20 que apresentou valores menores, porém sem significância estatística. A tenacidade à fratura apresentou diferença estatística significativa apenas na comparação entre os grupos R10 e R20. Os valores de tenacidade mais próximos ao relatado pela literatura foram apresentados pelos grupos R20 e A20, porém há diferenças nos métodos de análise da tenacidade entre os estudos. As peças de cor azul com 10% de feldspato apresentaram os resultados mais favoráveis tanto em comparação com as diferentes concentrações na mesma cor quanto entre as diferentes cores.<br>The aim of this thesis was to develop and characterize ceramic pieces obtained from alumina powders in pink and blue colors produced by experimental procedure. The development of this new production process led to the need for protection of the knowledge generated thus an application for patent was done. The powders produced were characterized for particle size distribution and uniaxial pressed into discs with 12 (± 0.2) mm in diameter and 1.2 (± 0.2) mm thick. The sintering protocols were defined according to the color and concentration of the additive used. For sintering to happen into liquid fase the feldspar was chosen as a sintering additive. It was added at concentrations of 10, 15 and 20% for both pink (R10, R15 e R20) and blue (A10, A15 e A20) groups. After the sintering process an analysis of the elastic modulus, the Vickers hardness, surface roughness and fracture toughness of the samples were performed. The elastic modulus values ranged from 183.2 to 157 GPa in pink groups and 101.1 to 176.6 GPa in blue groups. The roughness mean varied between 0,43 and 0,72 μm in pink groups and between 0.39 and 0.6 μm in blue groups. The Vickers hardness number ranged from 418.7 to 623.1 in pink groups and from 366,9 a 632 in blue groups. The fracture toughness mean to pink groups ranged from 0.72 a 1.97 MPa.m1/2 and from 0.82 a 1.9 MPa.m1/2 to blue groups. The R10 group had significantly higher roughness mean values when compared to the groups R20 and A10. No significant difference was found on the others groups. The hardness average values of the A10 group were significantly higher when compared to other concentrations on the same color, however there was no difference when compared to the R10 group. The average values of the elastic modulus were significantly higher in pink groups when compared to blue groups for the same concentrations except the R20 group that showed lower values, but without statistical significance. The fracture toughness results showed a statistically significant difference when R10 and R20 groups were compared. The toughness values closer to those reported in the literature were presented by R20 and A20 groups, but there are differences in the methods of analysis of toughness between studies. The blue pieces with 10% of feldspar showed the most favorable results compared both between different concentrations of the same color as between different colors at the same concentration.
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1
Tochigi, Eita, Bin Miao, Shun Kondo, Naoya Shibata, and Yuichi Ikuhara. "TEM Characterization of Lattice Defects Associated with Deformation and Fracture in α-Al2O3." In The Plaston Concept. Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7715-1_7.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractAlumina (α-Al2O3) is one of the representative structural ceramics. To understand its mechanical responses, the lattice defect behavior of alumina has been investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for many years. In this report, we review our recent research progress on TEM structural analysis of lattice defects in alumina. In the first half, the core atomic structure and dissociation reaction of b = $$1/3<11\bar{2}0>$$ 1 / 3 < 11 2 ¯ 0 > , $$<1\bar{1}00>$$ < 1 1 ¯ 00 > , and $$1/3<\bar{1}101>$$ 1 / 3 < 1 ¯ 101 > dislocations formed in low-angle grain boundaries are investigated by atomic-resolution TEM observations. Based on experimental results, the slip deformation behavior associated with those dislocations is discussed. In the second half, the formation of $$1/3<11\bar{2}0>$$ 1 / 3 < 11 2 ¯ 0 > dislocations and fracture of Zr-doped ∑13 grain boundary of alumina are observed by in situ TEM nanoindentation. Furthermore, these indented samples were observed by atomic-resolution scanning TEM. The mechanisms of the deformation and fracture phenomena are discussed in detail.
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Rhodes, David, and Margaret Wang. "Learn to Lead: Developing Curricula that Foster Climate Change Leaders." In Education and Climate Change. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57927-2_2.
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AbstractIn this chapter, we identify the need for a curriculum that is intended to not only enable educators to teach about climate change, but to also foster leaders who can engage in policy analysis and civic action related to the issue of climate change. Unlike Chap. 10.1007/978-3-030-57927-2_3, which details a whole-school approach, we have specifically focused our attention on developing a curriculum with an associated implementation plan since the ability of teachers to build transferable leadership skills in younger generations are integral to any larger reform initiative. Ultimately, the efficacy of the curriculum is enhanced by a more holistic approach to the prioritization of climate change action in the context of schools and broader education systems, so a synthesis of approaches is recommended.The Climate Change Leadership Curriculum was designed in collaboration with the Arava Institute (AI), an organization in Israel that brings together Israelis, Palestinians, Jordanians and international students from outside the region to engage in environmental and peace-building education. The work of AI is specific to tertiary education, so our initiative to build a climate change leadership curriculum constitutes an attempt to expand the reach of the mission and pedagogy of AI to encompass secondary education. The implementation plan also involves leveraging the network of AI to find partners for implementing the curriculum. The fact that there are AI alumni who work in secondary education opened possibilities for dissemination of the curriculum in collaboration with teachers who have a deep understanding of the pedagogy. As teachers integrate the curriculum into their particular contexts, our plan was to not only support them in the implementation, but to also solicit feedback to continually improve the resources and identify the most effective ways to provide support. This will enable us to make the curriculum accessible to teachers from diverse backgrounds in a wide variety of contexts, inside and outside of the target region.
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Keller, Morton, and Phyllis Keller. "Governing the Affluent University." In Making Harvard Modern. Oxford University Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195144574.003.0015.
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When Conant left the presidency in 1953, Harvard was still under the sway of its traditional soft-shoe, old boy administrative style. Pusey felt no great obligation to modernize governance. To the end of his presidential days, he relied on an almost ostentatiously small staff. When he came to work each morning, he opened his own mail. Here as elsewhere, older folkways stubbornly endured. Pusey’s closest associates in the 1950s were two very different breeds of cat. One was personal assistant William Bentinck-Smith ’37, an affable, cool-minded former journalist with a facile pen (something the president lacked). Bentinck-Smith was Pusey’s amanuensis and a close adviser on a variety of alumni and policy matters, very much as Calvert Smith had been for Conant in the 1940s. “I worked for him for eighteen extraordinary years, in a relationship of mutual trust and intimacy,” Bentinck-Smith recalled. Pusey’s (improbable) other close confidant was Faculty of Arts and Sciences dean McGeorge Bundy. If Pusey was as much a product of middle America as a Harvard president was likely to be, Bundy was as close to an aristocrat as America was likely to produce. He was a scion of the Boston Lowells, self-confident enough to have gone not to Harvard but to Yale. Rumor had it that the Corporation put pressure on Pusey to make Bundy dean of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences. Fellow Roger Lee told the president-elect in the summer of 1953: “only if a first-rate administrator is available and thoroughly briefed before the opening of college will you yourself be free to deal with the many policy questions which will naturally arise with a change in the presidency.” Pusey himself says that he was attracted by an acerbic Bundy review of William Buckley’s assault on the liberal university, God and Man at Yale. Only thirty-four when he became dean in 1953, associate professor of Government Bundy soon showed those who didn’t know it already that he had as sharp a mind as anybody in the University. A consummate meritocrat, he handled his faculty with effortless ease, and for the most part they loved it.
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Min, Junhong, Madhave N. Segal, and M. Deniz Dalman. "The Identity Salience and Emotional Attachment Strategies in Alumni-University Relationships." In Marketing and Consumer Behavior. IGI Global, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-7357-1.ch058.
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Higher education has never truly recognized the importance of garnering the resources of alumni by expending university efforts in developing, controlling, and maintaining relationships with alumni. The purpose of this research is to tackle the long-term relationship marketing question. Drawing on the social marketing and relationship marketing literature, the authors propose and empirically test the roles of two relationship marketing strategies, namely identity salience and emotional attachment, in the alumni-university relationship. While the identity salience strategy encourages alumni to connect their identity to their former university, the emotional attachment strategy triggers the psychological ownership that leads alumni to proactively engage in university activities. Based on results of data collected from a large Midwestern university, the identity salience strategy was found to greatly affect symbolic consumption behavior while the emotional attachment strategy was found to strongly promote relationship-specific volunteering. The results also revealed that three social benefits, including development of a business network, enhancement of a friendship network, and enjoyment of participation, are associated with the two relationship marketing strategies. The authors conclude with a discussion addressing limitations of the study as well as practical and theoretical implications of the findings.
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Keller, Morton, and Phyllis Keller. "Managing Harvard." In Making Harvard Modern. Oxford University Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195144574.003.0011.
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Harvard’s evolution from a Brahmin to a meritocratic university involved alterations in its governance as well as the makeup of its students and faculty. The cozy, we-happy-few atmosphere of the past began to give way to more professional administration. As a chemist accustomed to overseeing a laboratory and working systematically on problems, Conant rejected Eliot’s and Lowell’s style of running the University “largely ‘under their hats.’ ” His close associate Calvert Smith recalled that he devoted the pre-World War II years to seeking “a modus operandi adaptable to the present size and complexity of the institution, which at the same time still fitted in with the traditional precedents.” But the embedded culture of a venerable, decentralized university made change difficult. Looking back in 1952, Conant concluded that administration at Harvard was not very different from what it had been in Lowell’s day. He saw the central administration “as a sort of holding company responsible for the activities of some 20-odd operating companies.” There were occasional ineffective attempts to draw up a Harvard organizational chart, but as Corporation Secretary David Bailey conceded, “the difficulties of setting down complex relationships in black and white have always prevented their being cast in final form.” The University, he thought, “is suffering from acute decentralization.” For all his commitment to institutional change, Conant relied as did his predecessors on graduates of the College with strong institutional loyalties. When he assumed office in 1933, he brought in Jerome Greene to be both his and the Corporation’s secretary. Until his retirement in 1943, this consummate civil servant was Conant’s closest counselor on alumni and other matters. Greene’s successor was A. Calvert Smith, a classmate of Conant. Smith had strong public relations skills, honed by several decades in the wilds of New York’s investment and banking world, not unlike Greene’s background. Soon after he came into office Conant made John W. Lowes, the son of Higginson Professor of English John Livingston Lowes, his financial vice president. But it was not easy to work this new position into the existing Harvard structure, especially with power-seeking Treasurer William Claflin on the scene. When Lowes left for military service in September 1941, Conant told him his position would not exist when he returned.
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J. Fratantuono, Michael. "“The Imperative—and the Challenges—of Introducing a Citizen-Leader Development Program in an Undergraduate Liberal Arts Setting”." In Higher Education - New Approaches to Accreditation, Digitalization, and Globalization in the Age of Covid [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.100002.
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Leadership, especially that associated with collaborative endeavors, is important for addressing emerging, increasingly complex challenges. That development is relevant to liberal arts colleges that are dedicated to educating generalists rather than specialists. The author maintains that such an education helps young people cultivate three sets of individual characteristics: values, capabilities, and aspirations. As well, it provides young people opportunities to become involved in a six-part iterative process intended to promote positive change. In spring of 2019, the author’s home institution Dickinson College launched a call for proposals from faculty, staff, and alumni that were consistent with the College’s mission and strategic priorities; and would strengthen its competitive position and deepen its relationships with stakeholders. Over a two-year period, the author played a central role in (1) helping shape a proposal originated by two alumni and (2) with several Dickinson community members, translating the proposal to an implementation plan. The efforts fell short; but the author learned lessons about such an endeavor. A well-conceived plan must find the areas of intersection among the interests of key stakeholders. A plan must be of scale that enables organizational practicality and financial feasibility. Successful implementation hinges on the components of good collaborative leadership highlighted above. Explanation and launch of a plan must create excitement among sponsors and potential beneficiaries.
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Rhamdhani, M. A., G. A. Brooks, M. A. Dewan, B. J. Monaghan, and L. Prentice. "Production Methods for Aluminum: Alternative." In Encyclopedia of Aluminum and Its Alloys. CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351045636-140000389.
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The production of Al from its ores at present relies on the Bayer (alumina production) and the Hall–Heroult (Al production) process. The cost associated with alumina production and apparent disadvantages of the Hall–Heroult process have led to intensive research to find alternative routes for Al production. The direct carbothermal reduction process has been thoroughly investigated as an alternative technique. Another alternative includes the indirect carbothermal reduction route where alumina (or aluminous ores) is first reduced to intermediate Al compounds before reduced further to Al. The present study reviews and provides systematic thermodynamic analyses of alternative Al production routes. In this paper, a comprehensive review of alternative Al production techniques focusing on the indirect carbothermal reduction routes is presented. These include carbochlorination, carbonitridation and carbosulphidation routes for the formation of intermediate Al compounds, followed by various Al extraction processes.
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Wanjau, Stephen Kahara. "Enterprise Resource Planning System Implementation in Higher Education Institutions." In Advances in Systems Analysis, Software Engineering, and High Performance Computing. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7678-5.ch010.
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The world over, higher education institutions have resorted to the use of ERP system to automate operations on a standardized platform in line with their strategic plans. This is because ERP system supports a “do-it-all” approach to organizational management in addition to education managers' quest to improve quality of service to their students and the need to meet regional as well as global standards. In most institutions, operational areas such as student admission, finance, procurement, examination management, staffing, and alumni management can now be done through the ERP system. This chapter examines the issues associated with implementation of ERP system in higher education institutions. After studying this chapter, you should be able to: appreciate the various strategies for ERP system implementation, identify the factors leading to successful implementation of ERP system in higher education institutions, distinguish between the different models for successful ERP system implementation, and understand the metrics for measuring success rate of ERP system implementation.
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Garcia, Raul. "Effects of Military Environment on Students' Emotional Intelligence Development." In Advances in Educational Marketing, Administration, and Leadership. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-6636-7.ch007.
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There are 65 military schools in the United States with many sharing the same goals and objectives, which are to develop and prepare students for leadership roles and for post-secondary academic success. Other than anecdotal claims by their alumni, these schools lack the evidence of how this is achieved. This study aims at providing such evidence by assessing the effects of a school's military environment on the students' development of emotional intelligence (IE) as measured by the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire-Short-Form. EI has been associated with academic success and higher leadership effectiveness. This exploratory analysis finds a positive correlation between leadership education level and students' EI scores (r= .28, <; .05), and a regression analysis (F(1, 51)= 4.20, p&lt; .05) predicts and EI score increase of 17% for each year of exposure to the school's military environment. This study suggests that the school's military environment inherently fosters social emotional learning, which in turn positively influences the development of the students' EI.
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Queluz, Dagmar de Paula. "Prefácio." In Alterações sistêmicas e bucais associadas ao estresse em enfermeiros. Bookerfield Editora, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53268/bkf22050498.
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Apresentar uma obra a ser publicada na área da Odontologia é um desafio, pois vivemos como nunca a era da busca do saber para melhor compreender os fatos. Esta publicação corresponde à versão final da Dissertação de Mestrado Profissional apresentada à Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (FOP-UNICAMP) como parte dos requisitos exigidos para a obtenção do título de Mestre em Odontologia em Saúde Coletiva (2011-2014), defendida pelo aluno Danilo Rodrigues e orientada por mim. O objetivo do estudo propôs associar a presença de estresse emocional com as alterações sistêmicas e bucais em enfermeiros de um hospital público de referência na região de Piracicaba-SP. Participaram todos os enfermeiros do hospital, de ambos os gêneros, de diferentes idades e etnias, com nível de formação superior. Os enfermeiros responderam ao questionário de Sintomas de Estresse (ISSL) e, junto a esse, responderam ao questionário de doenças/sintomas psicossomáticos. Em seguida passaram por avaliação estomatológica da cavidade bucal, de acordo com os critérios de Boraks (1996). Convido aos leitores de conhecer os resultados, desejando boa leitura e reflexões. Danilo Rodrigues é aluno egresso, sempre se mostrou um bom aluno, comprometido, responsável, participativo, respeitoso e com ótimo aproveitamento. Tem uma história profissional clínica e acadêmica, exercendo há 17 anos a profissão de cirurgião-dentista clínico, além de ter sido presidente da APCD Regional São João da Boa Vista de 2017-2020. Não tenho dúvida do orgulho pelo ex-orientado e ex-aluno de pós-graduação da FOP-UNICAMP. Profa. Dra. Dagmar de Paula Queluz Professora Associada no Departamento de Ciências da Saúde e Odontologia Infantil na Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba – UNICAMP; Doutora em Clínica Odontológica; Mestre em Ciências da Saúde Pública (MSPH-EUA); Especialista em Odontologia do Trabalho; Especialista em Ergonomia; Especialista em Saúde Coletiva; Especialista em Dentística; Cirurgiã-Dentista
Conference papers on the topic "Associate Alumni"
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Al-Nuaimi, Mounyah Waiel, Ranin Abidi, Banan Mukhalalati, et al. "An Examination of the Employment Preparedness, Job Satisfaction, and Impact in the Workplace of Qatar University Pharmacy Alumni: A Mixed Methods Study." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2021.0132.
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Introduction: The level of alumni’s job satisfaction and preparedness has been found to affect the impact in the workplace. Little is known about alumni’s employment experience in Qatar. Objective: The aim of this study is to explore the employment preparedness, job satisfaction and impact in the workplace of College of pharmacy graduates in Qatar. Methods: A sequential exploratory mixed methods study was conducted. For the qualitative phase, data were collected by focus groups and were analyzed thematically. Quantitative data collection involved administration of a validated questionnaire. Results: Research findings suggested that college of Pharmacy (CPH) alumni were mostly well prepared in terms of knowledge and skills. They were mostly satisfied about the curriculum and the experiential learning experience. The participants were challenged by the lack of deep knowledge and skills needed for their area of expertise. COVID-19 pandemic was associated with increased workload and stress. Being a Qatar University graduate facilitated the recruitment process. Lastly, a positive impact in the workplace was reported through implementation of NAPRA competencies and AFPC learning outcomes. Conclusion: This study will facilitate the understanding of factors that affect the preparedness, job satisfaction of CPH alumni and their impact in the workplace, which will ultimately enhance the learning experience in CPH.
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Li, Y., and K. A. Khor. "Plasma Spheroidized Alumina/Zircon Mixtures." In ITSC 2000, edited by Christopher C. Berndt. ASM International, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2000p0871.
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Abstract The plasma-spray process is specified by the associated processing parameters, where these influence the properties of the resultant deposits. This article describes the preparation and processing of composite powders for use in thermal spraying by mixing high purity zircon and alumina powders. The spheroidized powder were obtained by high energy ball milling and rapid solidification from the molten state during plasma spraying. The article discusses the processes involved in spray drying and plasma spheroidization, describing thermal analysis and mullitization kinetics in the spheroidized alumina/zircon mixtures.
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Tran, D. K., A. S. Kobayashi, and K. W. White. "Process Zone of Polycrystalline Alumina." In ASME 1997 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1997-0684.
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Abstract A number of papers, which were published during the past fifteen years, have attributed the small KIC in ceramics to the frontal and trailing fracture process zones (FPZ) associated with the crack tip. The toughness due to these two FPZ’s have been refereed to as the intrinsic and extrinsic toughness, respectively (Ritchie, 1997). Theoretical papers on the frontal FPZ considered only the crack tip shielding effect by the microvoids and did not estimate the dissipated energy by the generation and coalescence of these microvoids. Also earlier theoretical and experimental papers on the trailing FPZ considered only the crack bridging effect due to the fiber in a ceramic composite and its influence on the fracture toughness with the exception of Guo et. al. (1997) who used a hybrid experimental-numerical technique to estimate the dissipated energy in an alumina double cantilever beam (DCB) specimen. The objective of this paper is to present further results on the extrinsic fracture energy dissipated in a high density polycrystalline alumina.
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Li, Wenhao, Chen Yang, and Akira Nakayama. "Theoretical Conclusions About the Claims of Anomalous Heat Transfer Enhancement Associated With Nanofluids." In ASME 2013 11th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2013-73056.
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A theoretical answer to the controversial issue on the anomalous convective heat transfer in nanofluids has been provided, exploiting the Buongiorno model for convective heat transfer in nanofluids with modifications to fully account for the effects of nanoparticle volume fraction distributions on the continuity, momentum and energy equations. Firstly, a set of exact solutions have been obtained for hydrodynamically and thermally fully developed laminar nanofluid forced convection flows in channels and tubes, subject to constant heat flux. From the solutions, it has been concluded that the anomalous heat transfer rate, exceeding the rate expected from the increase in thermal conductivity, is possible in such cases as titania-water nanofluids in a channel, alumina-water nanofluids in a tube and also titania-water nanofluids in a tube. Moreover, the maximum Nusselt number based on the bulk mean nanofluid thermal conductivity is captured when the ratio of Brownian and thermophoretic diffusivities is around 0.5, which can be exploited for designing nanoparticles for high-energy carriers. Secondly, another set of exact solutions have been obtained for free convection in a vertical channel filled with a nanofluid, exploiting the Buongiorno model with nanoparticle volume fraction modifications. The effects of the bulk mean volume fraction of nanoparticles, the ratio of Brownian and thermophoretic diffusivities and the buoyancy ratio on both velocity and temperature profiles has been investigated in depth for the first time. The volume fraction of nanoparticles increases exponentially towards the cold wall, which makes the velocity and temperature gradients steeper near the hot wall than those near the cold wall. Unlike the case of forced convection, no anomalous heat transfer enhancement has been observed in this case of free convection, so that the Nussult number based on the thermal conductivity of nanofluid stays close to unity as in pure base fluid free convection.
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Ahmaniemi, S., J. Knuuttila, and T. Mäntylä. "Residual Stresses in Plasma Sprayed Alumina and Chromia Coatings and Their Effect on Wear." In ITSC 1999, edited by E. Lugscheider and P. A. Kammer. Verlag für Schweißen und verwandte Verfahren DVS-Verlag GmbH, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc1999p0219.
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Abstract In this paper, different aluminum phosphate sealing treatment temperatures and substrate preheating temperatures are used to produce different coating properties. X -ray residual stress analyzer is used as a NDT inspection method to find out undesired coating defects. The wear properties of plasma-sprayed aluminum oxide and chromium oxide coatings are studied as a function of spray parameters and post-treatments. The residual stress states are associated with other coating properties such as dry wear resistance. Hardness and porosity as well as microstructure compared. The aim of this paper is to find connections between residual stresses and other coating properties. It was observed that there is good correlation between stress state, abrasion resistance and sealing treatment temperature when considering chromia coatings. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
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Vafaei, Saeid, and Dongsheng Wen. "Critical Heat Flux During Subcooled Flow Boiling of Alumina Nanofluids in a Narrow Channel." In 2010 14th International Heat Transfer Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ihtc14-22267.
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This work reported an experimental study of flow boiling of pure water and aqueous alumina nanofluids in a 0.5 millimetre narrow channel. An open-ended stainless steel microchannel system is constructed where liquids are supplied by a syringe pump and heated by a variable DC power source, with synchronized measurement of the surface temperature distribution along the channel and pressure fluctuations associated with bubbles. The effect of nanoparticle concentration, inlet subcooling and mass flow rate and on critical heat flux in a microchannel is investigated. A modest increase in CHF is observed for nanofluids, being higher at higher particle concentrations and higher inlet subcoolings. Regular fluctuations in temperature and pressure signals suggest a cyclic boiling events occurring in the narrow channel; the large pressure fluctuation, coupling with the surface temperature and inlet temperature fluctuations, would affect flow boiling mechanisms in narrow channels.
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Choi, Sung R., and John P. Gyekenyesi. "Slow Crack Growth Analysis of Advanced Structural Ceramics Under Combined Loading Conditions — Damage Assessment in Life Prediction Testing." In ASME Turbo Expo 2000: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/2000-gt-0062.
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Slow crack growth analysis was performed with three different loading histories including constant stress-rate/constant stress-rate testing (Case I loading), constant stress/constant stress-rate testing (Case II loading), and cyclic stress/constant stress-rate testing (Case III loading). Strength degradation due to slow crack growth and/or damage accumulation was determined numerically as a function of percentage of interruption time between the two loading sequences for a given loading history. The numerical solutions were examined with the experimental data determined at elevated temperatures using four different advanced ceramic materials, two silicon nitrides, one silicon carbide and one alumina for the Case I loading history, and alumina for the Case II loading history. The numerical solutions were in reasonable agreement with the experimental data, indicating that notwithstanding some degree of creep deformation presented for some test materials slow crack growth was a governing mechanism associated with failure for all the test materials.
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Soboyejo, W. O., C. Mercer, S. Allameh, B. Nemetski, N. Marcantonio, and J. Ricci. "Microstructural Characterization of Micro-Textured Titanium Surfaces." In ASME 2000 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2000-2674.
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Abstract This paper presents the results of a multi-scale microstructural characterization of micro-textured Ti-6Al-4V surfaces that are used in biomedical implants. The hierarchies of substructural and microstructural features associated with laser micro-texturing, polishing and surface blasting with alumina pellets are elucidated via atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical microscopy (OM). The nano-scale roughness profiles associated with the different surface textures are elucidated via AFM. Sub-micron precipitates and dislocation substructures associated with wrought processing and laser processing are revealed by TEM. Micro- and meso-scale images of the groove structures are then discussed using OM and SEM. The implications of the results are discussed for the optimization of laser processing schemes for the fabrication of micro-textured surfaces that will facilitate the self organization of proteins, and the attachment of mammalian cells to the Ti-6Al-4V surfaces in biomedical implants.
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Lamarre, J. M., P. Marcoux, M. Perrault, R. C. Abbott, and J. G. Legoux. "Performance Analysis and Modeling of Thermally Sprayed Resistive Heaters." In ITSC2011, edited by B. R. Marple, A. Agarwal, M. M. Hyland, et al. DVS Media GmbH, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2011p0482.
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Abstract Many processes and systems require hot surfaces. These are usually heated using electrical elements located in their vicinity. However, this solution is subject to intrinsic limitations associated with heating element geometry and physical location. Thermally spraying electrical elements directly on surfaces can overcome these limitations by tailoring the geometry of the heating element to the application. Moreover, the element heat transfer is maximized by eliminating the air gap between the heater and the surface to be heated. This paper is aimed at modeling and characterizing resistive heaters sprayed on metallic substrates. Heaters were fabricated using a plasma-sprayed alumina dielectric insulator and a wire flame sprayed iron-based alloy resistive element. Samples were energized and kept at a constant temperature of 425°C for up to four months. SEM cross-section observations revealed the formation of cracks at very specific locations in the alumina layer after thermal use. Finite element modeling shows that these cracks originate from high local thermal stresses and can be predicted according to the considered geometry. The simulation model was refined using experimental parameters obtained by several techniques such as: emissivity and time-dependent temperature profile (infra-red camera), resistivity (four probe technique), thermal diffusivity (laser flash method) and mechanical properties (micro and nanoindentation). The influence of the alumina thickness and the substrate material on crack formation was evaluated.
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Clarke, D. R., and V. K. Tolpygo. "Thermal Cycling Induced Bond-Coat Rumpling as a Precursor to TBC Failure." In ASME 2000 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2000-2682.
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Abstract Microstructural observations of TBCs failed under thermal cycling conditions reveal that failure is associated with extensive local separations between either the thermally grown oxide and the TBC or within the TBC itself close to the thermally grown oxide. Based on extensive microstructural characterization and measurements of concentration profiles within the bond-coat, we present a new model for the cause of these separations based on local increases in the density of the bond coat associated with the beta-NiAl to gamma-prime Ni3Al phase transformation. The phase transformation, driven by aluminum depletion required to form the protective alumina thermally grown oxide, is constrained by the overlying TBC thereby generating tensile stresses across the TBC/TGO interface and its vicinity. The observations and evidence for the new model will be described together with the role of thermal cycling.