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1
Kogi, Kazutaka. "Linking better shiftwork arrangements with safety and health management systems." Revista de Saúde Pública 38, suppl (December 2004): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0034-89102004000700011.
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OBJECTIVE: Various support measures useful for promoting joint change approaches to the improvement of both shiftworking arrangements and safety and health management systems were reviewed. A particular focus was placed on enterprise-level risk reduction measures linking working hours and management systems. METHODS: Voluntary industry-based guidelines on night and shift work for department stores and the chemical, automobile and electrical equipment industries were examined. Survey results that had led to the compilation of practicable measures to be included in these guidelines were also examined. The common support measures were then compared with ergonomic checkpoints for plant maintenance work involving irregular nightshifts. On the basis of this analysis, a new night and shift work checklist was designed. RESULTS: Both the guidelines and the plant maintenance work checkpoints were found to commonly cover multiple issues including work schedules and various job-related risks. This close link between shiftwork arrangements and risk management was important as shiftworkers in these industries considered teamwork and welfare services to be essential for managing risks associated with night and shift work. Four areas found suitable for participatory improvement by managers and workers were work schedules, ergonomic work tasks, work environment and training. The checklist designed to facilitate participatory change processes covered all these areas. CONCLUSIONS: The checklist developed to describe feasible workplace actions was suitable for integration with comprehensive safety and health management systems and offered valuable opportunities for improving working time arrangements and job content together.
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TAGUCHI, Toshio, and Masanori OHSONE. "Compliance Activities of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd." Journal of The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan 131, no. 6 (2011): 357–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejjournal.131.357.
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Nagaraj, B. V. "Concurrent engineering at Titan Industries Ltd: a case study from the watch industry." International Journal of Manufacturing Technology and Management 6, no. 3/4 (2004): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmtm.2004.005409.
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Sato, Shuji, and Shizuo Suzuki. "IHI Zone Logic Application to Electrical Outfitting on Highly Sophisticated Ships." Journal of Ship Production 6, no. 02 (May 1, 1990): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsp.1990.6.2.93.
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Outfitting electrical cable in highly sophisticated ships, such as research vessels and patrol boats, has a significant impact on every aspect of ship construction, modernization, overhaul, and repair. In other words, cost, schedule adherence, and quality for very sophisticated ships are fully dependent on the performance of the electrical work. Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries, Co., Ltd. (IHI) has been exploiting zone logic, also recognized as group technology, for construction of virtually all ship types. But, the extensive cable footage in sophisticated ships requires special considerations and techniques. This paper presents practical design and production processes for zone outfitting electric cable. Special focus is on:functional and detail design,conversion of system-oriented design data to zone-oriented work packages called "pallets," andwork methods currently employed in IHI shipyards.
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Lloyd, M. R., and M. Mason. "Large Electrical Machines: Powering a Business Renaissance for the Twenty-First Century." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 207, no. 2 (May 1993): 69–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1993_207_065_02.
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GEC ALSTHOM Large Machines Limited is a traditional heavy engineering company specializing in electrical machines (Fig. 1), and has successfully evolved over 90 years of operation. This historical success, however, led to a very functionalized layout of workshops and facilities totally unsuited to the present dynamic world market. Through a company-wide improvement programme the company has been restructured within the existing buildings and site to take advantage of the latest cellular technology, using numerous innovative concepts in manufacture and adoption of just in time (JIT), total quality management (TQM) and design for manufacture (DFM) concepts in a low volume manufacturing environment. The project involved the complete redesign of the factory layout, introduction of new products and equipment and concepts, resulting in dramatically improved leadtimes, inventories and sales per employee. The case study is probably unique in that the programme was executed while increasing full production and involved the adoption of techniques often only associated with volume manufacture.
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Mazur, Anna M., Tomasz Korniluk, and Roman Domański. "Measuring and Testing the Parameters of a Battery Pack Designed for Powering Unmanned Aircraft Systems at Various Temperatures." Transactions on Aerospace Research 2017, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 46–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/tar-2017-0021.
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Abstract This paper describes results of tests dedicated to studying – in simulated environmental conditions – operation of a battery pack designed for powering unmanned aircraft systems. In particular, the tests concerned determining the electrical parameters of battery packs, with and without radiators, during their operation in changing environmental conditions and resistance to large temperature fluctuations. Amicell, a high density lithium polymer battery manufactured by the Israeli Amit Industries ltd., was selected for testing. The test results present characteristics of the batteries tested in different temperatures and allow for designing and trying out proper battery protections against environmental conditions, with the intention to attain continuous and correct operation. The tests have been carried out in the accredited Environmental Test Laboratory which is part of the Department of Avionics of the Institute of Aviation in Poland.
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Erhun, Mercy O., and Daniel O. Johnson. "A Legal Framework for Sustainable Electrical Energy Industry in Nigeria." Energy and Environment Research 8, no. 2 (November 26, 2018): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/eer.v8n2p45.
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Nigeria has fairly adequate endowment of energy resources, yet the country is lagging behind in terms of access to reliable and affordable energy supply. The country faces serious challenges as a result of declining electricity generation from domestic power plants. This steady decline has led to a near failure of the electric power sector. Electricity supply required to place Nigeria on the path of economic growth and sustainable development is in very short supply. The country has just 45 electrification rate, with only 54.7% of her population electrified as at 2016. More than 80 million people are still without access to electricity with frequent power failure. This has contributed to the slow economic growth currently experienced in Nigeria. Regular power supply is the hallmark of a developed economy. Nigeria is blessed with energy resources which could be harnessed to provide various modern energy services and which could have played essential role in the effort to alleviate poverty in the country. There is failure to mobilize the required resources for the development of energy resources in Nigeria. Around 1,500MW of Nigeria’s hydropower potential is currently being used, contributing to about 30% of the total amount of electricity produced. The large amount of gas associated with oil exploration operations is being wasted through flaring instead of being valuably used for power generation and industrial processes. Current patterns of production and consumption of energy are not sustainable. This paper highlights the importance of sustainable electric energy development in attaining sustainable development in Nigeria.
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Masubuchi, Nami, Marito Araki, Kaho Shioiri, Sota Kitazawa, Yoshihiko Kihara, Yuta Ohira, Fumiko Nomura, Tadashi Matsuura, and Norio Komatsu. "Use of Ppmx-T003 As a Potent Inhibitor of Erythrocytosis in Polycythemia Vera." Blood 136, Supplement 1 (November 5, 2020): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-138387.
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Iron incorporation through transferrin (Tf) and its receptor, TfR1, plays a critical role in erythropoiesis. We hypothesized that blockade of TfR1 may be a promising strategy to suppress erythrocytosis observed in polycythemia vera (PV). To examine this possibility, we developed PPMX-T003, a monoclonal antibody against human TfR1, through phage display screening. PPMX-T003 was observed to bind to TfR1 with a high affinity(Kd= 3.56×10-10)and presented strong ability to suppress the growth of PV model cell lines such as HEL (EC50= 0.07 nM). PPMX-T003 induced TfR1 internalization but blocked the recycling of the receptor presumably because it was strongly bound, even in the endosome, which switched the fate of TfR1 from recycling to degradation. Consequently, the PPMX-T003 treatment greatly reduced the intracellular iron concentration, along withcell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase in HEL cells. In contrast, PPMX-T003 failed to block cell proliferation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells that expressed a subtle level of TfR1. These findings suggest that PPMX-T003 is a potent inhibitor for cells whose growth is dependent on iron incorporation by TfR1. This led us to examine whether PPMX-T003 blocked the endogenous erythroid colony (EEC) formation in erythroid progenitor cells in PV. We observed that PPMX-T003, at a concentration of 40 ng/mL, exhibited complete blockade of EEC formation inJAK2 V617F-positive PV patients' cells. Although hydroxycarbamide (HU) and phlebotomy are well-established treatment strategies for the management of hematocrit in PV patients, there is a risk of secondary leukemia associated with HU treatment and side effects such as fatigue and restless leg syndrome due to phlebotomy-induced iron deficiency. Therefore, we suggest PPMX-T003, which may preferentially suppress erythrocytosis without changing the iron level in peripheral blood, as an alternative treatment for PV patients. Disclosures Ohira: PPMX: Current Employment, Current equity holder in private company. Nomura:PPMX: Current Employment. Matsuura:PPMX: Current Employment. Komatsu:Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Novartis Pharma KK, Shire Japan KK: Speakers Bureau; AbbVie: Other: member of safety assessment committee in M13-834 clinical trial.; PPMX: Consultancy, Research Funding; Meiji Seika Pharma Co., Ltd.: Patents & Royalties: PCT/JP2020/008434, Research Funding; Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., PharmaEssentia Japan KK, AbbVie GK, Celgene KK, Novartis Pharma KK, Shire Japan KK, Japan Tobacco Inc: Consultancy; Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shire Japan KK, Novartis Pharma KK, PharmaEssentia Japan KK, Fuso Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd., Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Corporation, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., Takeda Pharmaceutica: Research Funding.
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Masrikhan, Masrikhan, and Dwi Agustina Kurniawati. "FLOW SHOP SCHEDULING BASED ON PALMER-NEH, GUPTA-NEH AND DANNENBRING-NEH ALGORITHMS TO MINIMIZE THE ENERGY COST." SINERGI 25, no. 2 (January 23, 2021): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.22441/sinergi.2021.2.001.
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In the manufacturing industry, the most widely used equipment is equipment that uses electricity. Electricity cost is one of the highest operational production costs after labor cost. So, it is very important to save and optimize the use of electrical equipment. One of the manufacturing industries is Taru Martani, Ltd. This research aims to minimize the energy cost by proposing three hybrid algorithms, namely Palmer-NEH, Gupta-NEH, and Dannenbring-NEH methods. Some scheduling evaluation is done using the Efficiency Index (EI) and Relative Error (RE) parameters. It is concluded that the Palmer-NEH and Gupta-NEH methods are the best methods with the lowest energy cost compared with company's actual method and the Dannenbring-NEH method. Based on the Palmer-NEH and Gupta-NEH methods, both methods can save the makespan up to 399.13 minutes or 6.65 hours compared with the company's actual method. With these methods, the company is also able to save the production cost by Rp. 818,043.00.
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Preston, I. M. H. "Availability of electrical power." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B. Biological Sciences 92, no. 1-2 (1987): 91–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269727000009556.
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SynopsisThe organisation of the generation and supply of electricity in Scotland by the South of Scotland Electricity Board and the North of Scotland Hydro Electric Board is detailed and differences from the other nationalised energy industries in Scotland and from the arrangements for the supply of electricity in England and Wales noted. The present plant position is described and the flexibility in the fuels used underlined. The experiences of the last thirty years are analysed and an account given of the response of the Boards to the crises of dramatic oil price increases and the 1984/85 dispute in the coal industry. Attention is given to the forward planning problems arising from the long construction time of a new station and the delays that may be involved with public inquiries. The opportunities for exporting power to England after the modest anticipated rises in Scottish demands are met are cited as a factor in the budgetting. The difficulties the Combined Heat and Power projects, being studied for a number of major cities including Edinburgh, present to the Boards are listed. Finally the implications for suppliers and contractors of the necessary replacement before the end of the century of equipment associated with the distribution system are noted.
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Austin, Oshin Ola. "Advanced Control And Development of Hydro and Diesel Generator Hybrid Power System Models for Renewable Energy Microgrids." Journal La Multiapp 2, no. 3 (August 11, 2021): 16–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.37899/journallamultiapp.v2i3.383.
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The Nigerian power problem resulted to incessant and erratic supply of electricity and this has destroyed many industrial processes in the country. It has reduced productivity and has increased unemployment rate in the country to over 50million (this figure is over 70% of Nigerian youths). This has led many of the youths in the country to crime. It has led to the deaths of many innocent people in the country. As of 2016, the electricity energy consumption in the world from the world fact book revealed that the average power per capita (watts per person) in the United States is 1,377 Watts. In Canada, it is 1704 Watts per person and in South Africa; it is 445 Watts per person and in Australia, average power per capita (watts per person) is as high as 1,112 Watts. Whereas, the average electricity consumed in watts per person in Nigeria is just 14 Watts. Unfortunately, this has put the country in a rank of 189 out of 219 countries estimated. In this research work, a Hybrid Electric Power System (HEPS) which comprises Hydro Electric Power Plant (HEPP) and Diesel Generator (DG) was modelled and a control algorithm was established to improve the performance of the system. Hybrid power system mathematical and Simulink models were developed. The output power of the developed Simulink model was be optimized using optimum power point optimization techniques and control algorithms. Simulink models of the two components of the Hybrid Electric Power System were produced using MATLAB/Simulink software. The develop Simulink models was interconnected and final model was developed. The results obtained revealed that the problems associated with conventional methods of power generation was overcomed by the development of this renewable and non-renewable energy resources Hybrid Electric Power System (HEPS) models.
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Kihara, Yoshihiko, Marito Araki, Misa Imai, Yosuke Mori, Mei Horino, Satoko Ogata, Syunpei Yoshikawa, et al. "Therapeutic Potential of an Antibody Targeting the Cleaved Form of Mutant Calreticulin in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms." Blood 136, Supplement 1 (November 5, 2020): 9–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-141159.
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Mutant calreticulin (CALR) has been shown to play a causal role in the development of essential thrombocythemia (ET) and primary myelofibrosis (PMF) via activation of the thrombopoietin receptor MPL. The oncogenic property of mutant CALR originates from a +1 frameshift mutation in its carboxyl-terminal domain, which is found in approximately 30% of patients with ET and PMF. Because the domain is uniquely found in mutant CALR, it has been recognized as a neoantigen and can therefore be used to target CALR-mutant cells using immunotherapy. In the present study, we found that a large portion of the domain generated by the frameshift in the mutant CALR was cleaved by an endoprotease belonging to the subtilisin family in multiple cell lines and primary cells. The cleaved form of mutant CALR was detected in the cell lysate; however, it was more abundant in the culture supernatant, implying that the cleavage occurred on the cell surface and/or outside the cells. Using mass spectrometric analysis, we determined the cleavage site of mutant CALR. To examine whether the cleavage was required for the oncogenic properties of mutant CALR, we introduced point mutations at the cleavage site. The mutant CALR construct that was resistant to protease cleavage exhibited full oncogenic capacity when expressed in UT-7/TPO cells. Consistent with this observation, chemical inhibition of the protease, which blocked the cleavage of mutant CALR, did not interfere with mutant CALR-dependent cell growth in UT-7/TPO cells. Next, we generated B3, a rat monoclonal antibody that recognized the mutant-specific sequence, even after cleavage. B3 recognized both the uncleaved and cleaved forms of mutant CALR by immunoblot in cell lysates prepared from the platelets and peripheral blood cells of CALR-mutant ET and PMF patients. B3 also recognized mutant CALR expressed on the cell surfaces of monocytes and granulocytes from CALR-mutant ET and PMF patients. Based on these results, we developed B3-chimera, a mouse chimeric antibody of B3, and evaluated its therapeutic potential for ET in vivo. We used an ET mouse model created by transplantation of LSK (lin-sca1+c-kit+) cells transduced with CALR del52 into the bone marrow. Intravenous injection of B3-chimera markedly suppressed the thrombocytosis induced by CALR del52, which was associated with a significant reduction in the megakaryocyte count in the bone marrow (Figure 1). In conclusion, we demonstrated that targeting the cleaved form of mutant CALR on the cell surface was a promising strategy for the treatment of CALR-mutant myeloproliferative neoplasms. Disclosures Akazawa: ITOCHU CHEMICAL FRONTIER Corporation: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Komatsu:Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shire Japan KK, Novartis Pharma KK, PharmaEssentia Japan KK, Fuso Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd., Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Corporation, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., Takeda Pharmaceutica: Research Funding; AbbVie: Other: member of safety assessment committee in M13-834 clinical trial.; PPMX: Consultancy, Research Funding; Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Novartis Pharma KK, Shire Japan KK: Speakers Bureau; Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., PharmaEssentia Japan KK, AbbVie GK, Celgene KK, Novartis Pharma KK, Shire Japan KK, Japan Tobacco Inc: Consultancy; Meiji Seika Pharma Co., Ltd.: Patents & Royalties: PCT/JP2020/008434, Research Funding.
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Kim, Tae-Kyung, Hae-In Yong, Samooel Jung, Hyun-Wook Kim, and Yun-Sang Choi. "Technologies for the Production of Meat Products with a Low Sodium Chloride Content and Improved Quality Characteristics—A Review." Foods 10, no. 5 (April 28, 2021): 957. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10050957.
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In recent years, consumer concerns regarding high levels of sodium chloride (NaCl) intake have increased, given the associated risk of cardiovascular disease. This has led food industries to consider lowering the use of sodium in food products. However, it is well known that the addition of NaCl to meat products enhances their quality, including water-holding capacity, emulsification capacity, juiciness, and texture. Thus, it is difficult to completely remove salt from meat products; however, it is possible to reduce the salt content using salt substitutes, flavor enhancers, textural enhancers, or other processing technologies. Several recent studies have also suggested that processing technologies, including hot-boning, high pressure, radiation, and pulsed electric fields, can be used to manufacture meat products with reduced salt content. In conclusion, as the complete removal of NaCl from food products is not possible, combined technologies can be used to reduce the NaCl content of meat products, and the appropriate technology should be chosen and studied according to its effects on the quality of the specific meat product.
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Hauser, Robert A., Hadas Barkay, Hubert H. Fernandez, Stewart A. Factor, Joohi Jimenez-Shahed, Nicholas Gross, Leslie Marinelli, et al. "Long-Term Deutetrabenazine Treatment Is Associated With Continued Improvement in Tardive Dyskinesia in the Completed 3-Year Open-Label Extension Study." CNS Spectrums 26, no. 2 (April 2021): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852920002606.
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AbstractBackgroundThe 12-week ARM-TD and AIM-TD studies in tardive dyskinesia (TD) patients showed statistically significant improvements in TD symptoms with deutetrabenazine. The completed open-label extension (OLE) study (SD-809-C−20) evaluated long-term efficacy and safety of deutetrabenazine in TD.MethodsPatients who completed ARM-TD or AIM-TD enrolled in the OLE study, with deutetrabenazine dose titrated based on dyskinesia control and tolerability. Change from baseline in Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) score was assessed by local site raters. Treatment success was evaluated locally as patients being “much improved” or “very much improved” on Clinical Global Impression of Change (CGIC).Results343 patients enrolled in the OLE study; 6 patients were excluded from analyses. At Week 54 (n=249; dose [mean±SE]: 38.7±0.66mg/day), mean change from baseline in AIMS score was –4.8±0.28; 66% of patients experienced treatment success. At Week 106 (n=194; dose: 39.3±0.75mg/day), mean change from baseline in AIMS score was –5.4±0.33; 65% of patients experienced treatment success. At Week 145 (n=160; dose: 39.4±0.83mg/day), mean change from baseline in AIMS score was –6.6±0.37; 73% of patients experienced treatment success. Treatment was generally well tolerated across 723 patient-years of exposure through Week 158, and exposure-adjusted incidence rates (incidence/patient-years) for akathisia/restlessness were 0.01, somnolence/sedation were 0.07, and symptoms which may represent parkinsonism or depression were 0.08 each.ConclusionsPatients who received long-term treatment with deutetrabenazine achieved sustained improvement in AIMS scores. Findings from this open-label trial with response-driven dosing suggest the possibility of increasing benefit over time.FundingTeva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Petach Tikva, Israel
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Le, Yanqun, Hiroyuki Kojima, and Kazuhiko Matsuda. "Cooperative Obstacle-Avoidance Pushing Transportation of a Planar Object with One Leader and Two Follower Mobile Robots." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 17, no. 1 (February 20, 2005): 77–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2005.p0077.
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This paper proposes a cooperative obstacle-avoidance pushing transportation system using one leader and two follower mobile robots. Its usefulness and effectiveness are illustrated and confirmed numerically as well as experimentally. The cooperative obstacle-avoidance pushing transportation control consists of the obstacle configuration measurement phase by the leader mobile robot, the trajectory-planning phase and the pushing transfer control phase by the two follower mobile robots. In the obstacle configuration measurement phase, the leader mobile robot moves by use of the obstacle-avoidance vehicle control method constructed with six infrared sensors and the pattern recognition algorithm, and three waypoints for the trajectory planning of the follower mobile robots are extracted. In the trajectory-planning phase, the two follower mobile robots receive the three modified waypoints from the leader mobile robot through wireless communication systems, and the obstacle-avoidance trajectories by use of cubic spiral and straight-line segments are generated. Then, in the pushing transfer control phase, a planar object is transported with the pushing and constraining forces resulting from the passive compliance mechanisms attached to the follower mobile robots, and the shock is effectively reduced by the passive compliance mechanisms. From the numerical simulation and experimental results using autonomous mobile robots (MK-01X developed by Fuji Heavy Industries Ltd.), it is confirmed that the planar object can be successfully transported by pushing from the start configuration to the goal in spite of the existence of the obstacle.
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Lan, Tian Syung, Chao Hua Kuo, and Chu Ching Liang. "Construction of System Dynamics Model on Service Strategy and Resource Management." Applied Mechanics and Materials 284-287 (January 2013): 3662–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.284-287.3662.
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Competitiveness of a company has been based on the ability of locating and solving the com-mercial troubles more quickly and effectively than other competitors. For small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), it is necessary to expand the boundaries of the traditional organizations and promote across-domain knowledge in different industries. Thus, the opportunities of industrial in-novation can be increased, and the bright future of the industry can also be confirmed. In Taiwan, there are numerous SMEs in various industries. Conducting and researching in resource conservation service innovation technology and transforming system are deemed to be important for modern enterprises. This research was aimed at building a service-oriented system for saving the energy and reducing discharges to perform a new mechanism of resource conservation services for SMEs. The project “Construction of System Dynamics Model on Service Strategy and Resource Management” was aimed to assist “Wai Cheong Electrical Engineering Co., Ltd.”at Chung Hsing Industry Park in Miaoli. The System Dynamics was primarily introduced into this project for per-formance analysis, so that the proposed performance evaluation model could be formulated. With the performance evaluation on the indicators, the overall performance structure was clarified as well. After the reliability analysis of the proposed model was verified, the data provided dynamic results on demand forecasting, quality control, and marketing management for decision making. Then, the effectiveness would be practically adjusted for different quality levels to predict the actual need. It’s the essential way to recognize the cost variation and observe other parameters of the marketing strategy. The strategy was effective to achieve the goals of removing the strategic planning con-straints and reducing resource consumption caused by improper decisions. In conclusion, the con-struction of this model would enhance the opportunity to succeed and achieve in the company’s op-timum profits when confronting the current dynamic and competitive market environment.
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Bocos-Bintintan, Victor, and Ileana Andreea Ratiu. "Fast Sensing of Hydrogen Cyanide (HCN) Vapors Using a Hand-Held Ion Mobility Spectrometer with Nonradioactive Ionization Source." Sensors 21, no. 15 (July 26, 2021): 5045. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21155045.
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Sensitive real-time detection of vapors produced by toxic industrial chemicals (TICs) always represents a stringent priority. Hydrogen cyanide (HCN) is definitely a TIC, being widely used in various industries and as an insecticide; it is a reactive, very flammable, and highly toxic compound that affects the central nervous system, cardiovascular system, eyes, nose, throat, and also has systemic effects. Moreover, HCN is considered a blood chemical warfare agent. This study was focused toward quick detection and quantification of HCN in air using time-of-flight ion mobility spectrometry (ToF IMS). Results obtained clearly indicate that IMS can rapidly detect HCN at sub-ppmv levels in air. Ion mobility spectrometric response was obtained in the negative ion mode and presented one single distinct product ion, at reduced ion mobility K0 of 2.38 cm2 V−1 s−1. Our study demonstrated that by using a miniaturized commercial IMS system with nonradioactive ionization source model LCD-3.2E (Smiths Detection Ltd., London, UK), one can easily measure HCN at concentrations of 0.1 ppmv (0.11 mg m−3) in negative ion mode, which is far below the OSHA PEL-TWA value of 10 ppmv. Measurement range was from 0.1 to 10 ppmv and the estimated limit of detection LoD was ca. 20 ppbv (0.02 mg m−3).
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Inano, Tadaaki, Marito Araki, Soji Morishita, Misa Imai, Yoshihiko Kihara, Maho Okuda, Masafumi Ito, et al. "Concomitant Occurrence of Polyclonal Hematopoiesis and Cell-Autonomous Megakaryopoiesis in Triple-Negative Essential Thrombocythemia." Blood 136, Supplement 1 (November 5, 2020): 27–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-134494.
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Somatic mutations in JAK2, MPL, and CALR are found in approximately 80% of patients with essential thrombocythemia (ET), whereas the remaining patients are negative for disease-defining mutations and are defined as triple-negative (TN). Studies have shown that some patients with TN-ET harbor non-canonical mutations in JAK2 and MPL; however, the failure to identify recurrent mutations in most patients has made the pathogenesis of TN-ET ambiguous (Milosevic Feenstra et al. Blood 2016, Cabagnols et al. Blood 2016). In this study, we screened 483 patients suspected as having ET in a single center, performed mutation analysis for JAK2 V617F, CALR exon 9, and MPL exon 10, and centrally reviewed bone marrow specimens. We identified 23 patients with TN-ET based on the WHO 2016 criteria. Sequencing analysis of these patients revealed non-canonical mutations in JAK2 and MPL in 4 cases. Whole exome-sequencing analysis of genomic DNA from peripheral blood and CD3-positive cells from 9 patients revealed that 2 patients harbored somatic mutations in other genes; 7 patients showed no detectable somatic mutation. A STAT5 reporter assay revealed that unlike JAK2 V617F and MPL W515L, all non-canonical mutants of JAK2 or MPL activated STAT5 similar to wild-type proteins, suggesting that these mutations did not drive the disease. Statistical analysis of clinical records revealed that patients with TN-ET were mostly young (median age of 36.0 years), female (18/23, 78.3%), and had neither a history of thrombosis nor progression to secondary myelofibrosis and leukemia, demonstrating the unique characteristics of TN-ET. The presence of clonal hematopoiesis, analyzed using genomic DNA purified from granulocytes of peripheral blood from female patients in a human androgen receptor assay, revealed that only 1 out of 15 patients was clonal. Hypothesizing that TN-ET was reactive thrombocytosis, the concentrations of cytokines promoting platelet production such as thrombopoietin (TPO) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the serum were analyzed. However, no significant differences in concentrations were observed among ET with driver mutations, TN-ET, and healthy individuals. We next examined the capacity of hematopoietic stem cells from patients with TN-ET to form megakaryocytic colonies. CD34-positive cells purified from cryopreserved bone marrow cells were cultured in the absence or presence of TPO. CD34-positive cells derived from patients with TN-ET exhibited an equivalent capacity to form megakaryocytic colonies compared to those from patients with ET harboring a driver mutation, even in the absence of TPO (Figure 1). Thus, in TN-ET, megakaryopoiesis may have been induced in a cell-autonomous manner. In 10 patients with TN-ET with available blood count data, no sign of thrombocytosis was observed before ET development, indicating that thrombocytosis was not hereditary but rather occurred via an alternate mechanism, such as aberrations in epigenomic regulation that induced cellular transformation (Ohnishi et al, Cell 2015). Taken together, TN-ET is a distinctive disease entity associated with polyclonal hematopoiesis and paradoxically caused by hematopoietic stem cells harboring a capacity for cell-autonomous megakaryopoiesis. Figure 1 Disclosures Komatsu: Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Novartis Pharma KK, Shire Japan KK: Speakers Bureau; PPMX: Consultancy, Research Funding; Meiji Seika Pharma Co., Ltd.: Patents & Royalties: PCT/JP2020/008434, Research Funding; AbbVie: Other: member of safety assessment committee in M13-834 clinical trial.; Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shire Japan KK, Novartis Pharma KK, PharmaEssentia Japan KK, Fuso Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd., Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Corporation, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., Takeda Pharmaceutica: Research Funding; Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., PharmaEssentia Japan KK, AbbVie GK, Celgene KK, Novartis Pharma KK, Shire Japan KK, Japan Tobacco Inc: Consultancy.
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Koasidis, Konstantinos, Anastasios Karamaneas, Alexandros Nikas, Hera Neofytou, Erlend A. T. Hermansen, Kathleen Vaillancourt, and Haris Doukas. "Many Miles to Paris: A Sectoral Innovation System Analysis of the Transport Sector in Norway and Canada in Light of the Paris Agreement." Sustainability 12, no. 14 (July 20, 2020): 5832. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12145832.
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Transport is associated with high amounts of energy consumed and greenhouse gases emitted. Most transport means operate using fossil fuels, creating the urgent need for a rapid transformation of the sector. In this research, we examine the transport systems of Norway and Canada, two countries with similar shares of greenhouse gas emissions from transport and powerful oil industries operating within their boundaries. Our socio-technical analysis, based on the Sectoral Innovation Systems approach, attempts to identify the elements enabling Norway to become one of the leaders in the diffusion of electric vehicles, as well as the differences pacing down progress in Canada. By utilising the System Failure framework to compare the two systems, bottlenecks hindering the decarbonisation of the two transport systems are identified. Results indicate that the effectiveness of Norway’s policy is exaggerated and has led to recent spillover effects towards green shipping. The activity of oil companies, regional and federal legislative disputes in Canada and the lack of sincere efforts from system actors to address challenges lead to non-drastic greenhouse gas emission reductions, despite significant policy efforts from both countries. Insights into the effectiveness of previously implemented policies and the evolution of the two sectoral systems can help draw lessons towards sustainable transport.
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Gezer, Ferhat, Şeref Turhan, and Yüksel Ufuktepe. "Radiometric analysis of micas used in many industries and evaluation of radiological hazards." Radiochimica Acta 109, no. 8 (July 16, 2021): 643–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ract-2021-1019.
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Abstract Mica group minerals have been utilized in various industries such as paint, cement, rubber, plastic, paper, automotive, cosmetics, textile, etc. due to their unique electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties. In this study, the radiometric properties of 58 mica samples collected from three quarries operated commercially in Turkey were investigated using gamma-ray spectroscopy with an HPGe detector. The average activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K analyzed in mica samples were found as 12, 44, and 2763 Bq kg−1, respectively. The radon emanation coefficient and radon mass exhalation rate of mica samples varied from 4 to 22% with an average of 10% and 0.4–5.9 µBq kg−1 s−1 with an average of 2.6 µBq kg−1 s−1, respectively. The radiological hazard caused by the utilization of mica samples as raw materials in the cement and concrete industry was evaluated for adults by calculating the gamma index and annual effective dose due to external exposure indoor. The study results revealed that there are no significant radiological hazards associated with the utilization of mica samples as building raw materials.
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Xue, Feng, Qian Huang, Chuanlei He, and Bharat Pathak. "Using an Entropy-GRA, TOPSIS, and PCA Method to Evaluate the Competitiveness of AFVs – The China Case." Promet - Traffic&Transportation 32, no. 5 (October 5, 2020): 655–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.7307/ptt.v32i5.3417.
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With the increase in severe environmental problems associated with fossil fuel vehicles, the development of Alternative Fuel Vehicles (AFVs) has led to their promotion and use in Chinese provinces and cities. The comprehensive evaluation of competitiveness of the AFV industry in Chinese cities is beneficial to analyse the effects and relationships of different factors to promote the sustainable development of the AFV industry and guide the growth paths of the cities. An industrial competitiveness evaluation index system is established based on the characteristics of AFVs, and the development of the AFV industry in ten typical cities in China is comprehensively evaluated based on the Grey Relative Analysis (GRA) Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to the Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) methods. To evaluate the results, the entropy weighting method is used for the weight distribution, and the industrial competitiveness rankings of ten cities are obtained by the entropy-GRA, TOPSIS, PCA (EGTP) method. The results show that Beijing is ranked first, followed by Shanghai, and Qingdao is ranked last. By analysing the correlation between the evaluation methods and indicators, it is found that EGTP has a high correlation with the other three evaluation methods, which proves the rationality of the weighted linear combination of GRA and the other three methods. Indices C5 (pure electric car proportion) and C13 (average concentration of PM2.5) were outliers due to the small number of samples.
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Ballas, Apostolos, and Efthimios Demirakos. "The valuation implications of strategy in R&D-intensive industries." Journal of Applied Accounting Research 19, no. 3 (September 10, 2018): 365–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jaar-11-2015-0096.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the valuation impact of firm’s strategic choices in a setting of intangibles-rich industries. Design/methodology/approach The authors adopt the conceptual framework of Miles and Snow (1978, 2003), which identifies three viable types of firms based on their organizational strategy profiles: defenders, prospectors and analyzers. The authors use a replicable strategy score, whose scoring convention is based on rolling ratings of six ratios for the previous four years (Bentley et al., 2013), to distinguish between prospector and defender strategies. Findings The authors offer empirical evidence that supports the hypothesis that prospector strategies are positively associated with firm value in the industries of electronics and electrical equipment, pharmaceuticals and biotechnology and technology hardware and equipment. The authors do not find evidence to support such a relationship in the software and computer services sector. Research limitations/implications The results of this study have significant implications for researchers, who adopt a market-based accounting research framework to examine the characteristics, performance and valuation of firms with different strategic orientation. Practical implications The findings of this paper are useful to managers, who would like to pursue a value-adding strategy in dynamic industrial environments that are characterized by high levels of innovation, risk and growth. Originality/value Although previous studies have yielded mixed results with respect to the association between firm’s performance and prospector strategy, the authors identify a set of R&D-intensive industries, where the implementation of the prospector strategy adds significant value to the shareholders’ wealth.
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Triggle, C. R., and M. Wolowyk. "Calcium Channels Symposium." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 68, no. 11 (November 1, 1990): 1472–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y90-223.
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Calcium is an essential element for just about all cellular processes, and yet abnormally high levels of cellular calcium can cause cell death. The processes that control cellular levels of this metal ion are thus of critical importance to both normal and pathophysiological conditions. Essential in the regulation of intracellular calcium levels are the calcium channels associated with cell membranes, for instance, with the plasma and sarcoplasmic reticulum membranes of muscle cells. In recent years, there has been a tremendous increase in our knowledge of the structure and function of these channels. However, we also now realize that the term "calcium channels" is used to refer to a rather heterogeneous population of entities. In some instances, notably receptor-operated calcium channels, we have only indirect evidence for their existence, whereas with the voltage-dependent channels, considerable information is now available on their comparative physiology, pharmacology, and biochemistry. The main objective of the Symposium presented in Calgary during the 1989 CFBS meeting was to bring together experts in the area of the calcium channels associated with both smooth and striated muscle function so that they could present the current state of knowledge in this area.Dr. David Triggle, from the State University of New York in Buffalo, reviewed the importance of calcium and calcium channels in cellular function and highlighted the pharmacology of calcium channel antagonists particularly with respect to their effects on the L-type calcium channels associated with smooth muscle. Dr. Sidney Fleischer from Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, focused on his work associated with the isolation and characterization of the calcium release channel – ryanodine receptor of the sarcoplasmic reticulum from striated muscle. Dr. Fleischer has referred interested readers to his recent review in the 1989 issue of the Annual Reviews of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry (18: 333–364). Dr. Balwant Tuana from the University of Ottawa presented an update complemented by original data from his laboratory in the Department of Pharmacology on the current state of knowledge of the structure of the L-type calcium channel associated with both skeletal and cardiac muscle. The last two speakers, Dr. Wayne Giles and Dr. Hamid Akbarali, both from the Department of Medical Physiology at the University of Calgary, completed the program by presenting a review of data concerning the electrical physiological properties of calcium-activated channels in cardiac and smooth muscle. Their manuscript highlights their recent studies, with co-workers in Calgary, of the properties of calcium-activated potassium currents from the human cystic artery.The organizers of this symposium, hosted by the Pharmacological Society of Canada, gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Alberta Heart and Stroke Foundation, Alberta Heritage Foundation for Medical Research, Canadian Heart and Stroke Foundation, Canadian Federation of Biological Societies, Charles River Laboratories (Canada Ltd.), SynPhar Laboratories Inc., Fisher Scientific Ltd., Novopharm Ltd., and Mandel Scientific Co. Ltd. The artistic contribution from Sylvia Ficken of Medical Audiovisual Services in the Faculty of Medicine at Memorial University of Newfoundland, who drew the symposium logo reproduced on the title page, is also gratefully acknowledged.
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Pransky, Joanne. "The Pransky interview: Dr Martin Buehler, Executive R & D Imagineer at Walt Disney Imagineering and renowned expert in advanced robotics." Industrial Robot: An International Journal 42, no. 6 (October 19, 2015): 497–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ir-08-2015-0153.
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Purpose – The following article is a “Q & A interview” conducted by Joanne Pransky of Industrial Robot Journal as a method to impart the combined technological, business and personal experience of a prominent, robotic industry engineer-turned successful business leader, regarding the commercialization and challenges of bringing technological inventions to market while overseeing a company. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – The interviewee is Dr Martin Buehler, Executive R & D Imagineer, at Walt Disney Imagineering. Dr Buehler is a global expert in robot manipulation and mobile robots and has led the innovative R & D and product development for some of the world’s top robot organizations. In this interview, Dr Buehler shares some of his personal and business experiences of his 25-year journey. Findings – Dr Buehler studied electrical engineering at the University of Karlsruhe and received the MSc and PhD degrees in electrical engineering from Yale University, and after a PostDoc at MIT’s Leglab in locomotion, he became a professor at McGill University in 1991, with tenure since 1997. His research focused on dynamic grasping, direct drive motor control and legged robots. From 2003 to 2008, Dr Buehler was Director of Robotics at Boston Dynamics, and he was Director of Research at iRobot Corporation from 2008 to 2011. He served as VP and General Manager of Hospital Robots for Vecna Technologies from 2011 to 2013 and Senior Director of R & D and Director, R & D Center Munich for Covidien from 2013-2015. Originality/value – Dr Buehler is best known in the academic world for his expertise in “intermittent dynamical” robotic tasks, such as dynamic manipulation and dynamically stable legged locomotion. His research led to multiple breakthroughs in legged robot projects like BigDog and RHex. In the corporate world, Buehler’s passion is to translate robotics technologies into successful product solutions. He does this by the implementation of key management strategies including Scrum and rapid and systematic experimental iteration. In addition to holding several patents, Dr Buehler is an Advisory Editorial Board member for the International Journal of Robotics Research and formerly served for ten years as the Associate Editor for the Journal of Field Robotics. Dr Buehler is a bestowed IEEE Fellow and was the recipient of the prestigious Robotics Industry Association’s 2012 Engelberger Award for Technology.
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Russak, Edward M., and Edward M. Bednarczyk. "Impact of Deuterium Substitution on the Pharmacokinetics of Pharmaceuticals." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 53, no. 2 (August 23, 2018): 211–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1060028018797110.
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Objective: Stable heavy isotopes of hydrogen, carbon, and other elements have been incorporated into drug molecules, largely as tracers for quantitation during the drug development process. Studies involving the human use of drugs labeled with deuterium suggest that these compounds may offer some advantages when compared with their nondeuterated counterparts. Deuteration has gained attention because of its potential to affect the pharmacokinetic and metabolic profiles of drugs. Deutetrabenazine (Austedo, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd) is the first deuterated drug to receive Food and Drug Administration approval. This deuterated form of the drug tetrabenazine is indicated for the treatment of chorea associated with Huntington’s disease as well as tardive dyskinesia. Ongoing clinical trials suggest that a number of other deuterated compounds are being evaluated for the treatment of human diseases and not merely as research tools. Data Sources: A search of the MEDLINE (1946 to present) database was undertaken using the Ovid interface. The search was conducted using the heading deuterium and then limited to Administration & Dosage, Adverse Effects, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacology, Poisoning, Therapeutic Use, and Toxicity. Study Selection and Data Extraction: All articles were reviewed and those with human information were included. Review articles were likewise interrogated for additional published human data. Conclusions: Deuterated compounds may, in some cases, offer advantages over nondeuterated forms, often through alterations in clearance. Deuteration may also redirect metabolic pathways in directions that reduce toxicities. The approval of additional deuterated compounds may soon follow. Clinicians will need to be familiar with the dosing, efficacy, potential side effects, and unique metabolic profiles of these new entities.
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Herencsar, Norbert, Todd J. Freeborn, Aslihan Kartci, and Oguzhan Cicekoglu. "A Comparative Study of Two Fractional-Order Equivalent Electrical Circuits for Modeling the Electrical Impedance of Dental Tissues." Entropy 22, no. 10 (October 3, 2020): 1117. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e22101117.
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Background: Electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is a fast, non-invasive, and safe approach for electrical impedance measurement of biomedical tissues. Applied to dental research, EIS has been used to detect tooth cracks and caries with higher accuracy than visual or radiographic methods. Recent studies have reported age-related differences in human dental tissue impedance and utilized fractional-order equivalent circuit model parameters to represent these measurements. Objective: We aimed to highlight that fractional-order equivalent circuit models with different topologies (but same number of components) can equally well model the electrical impedance of dental tissues. Additionally, this work presents an equivalent circuit network that can be realized using Electronic Industries Alliance (EIA) standard compliant RC component values to emulate the electrical impedance characteristics of dental tissues. Results: To validate the results, the goodness of fits of electrical impedance models were evaluated visually and statistically in terms of relative error, mean absolute error (MAE), root mean squared error (RMSE), coefficient of determination (R2), Nash–Sutcliffe’s efficiency (NSE), Willmott’s index of agreement (WIA), or Legates’s coefficient of efficiency (LCE). The fit accuracy of proposed recurrent electrical impedance models for data representative of different age groups teeth dentin supports that both models can represent the same impedance data near perfectly. Significance: With the continued exploration of fractional-order equivalent circuit models to represent biological tissue data, it is important to investigate which models and model parameters are most closely associated with clinically relevant markers and physiological structures of the tissues/materials being measured and not just “fit” with experimental data. This exploration highlights that two different fractional-order models can fit experimental dental tissue data equally well, which should be considered during studies aimed at investigating different topologies to represent biological tissue impedance and their interpretation.
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Venkatesh, C., and J. Baskaran. "Development and Performance Evaluation of Bio-Degradable Nanocutting Fluid." International Journal of Nanoscience 18, no. 06 (September 25, 2018): 1850036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219581x18500369.
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Various cutting fluids are available in the cutting fluid market to provide good machining performances for metal cutting industries. Incidentally, most of the cutting fluids are synthetic and semisynthetic in nature, and although they are beneficial to the industries, they are posing health and environmental issues. Even if these cutting fluids have sufficient properties required for good machining, the major constraints associated with these fluids are their nature of nonbiodegradability and nonfriendliness to the environment. To overcome these difficulties, intense research is carried out to develop biodegradable and effective cutting fluids. In this research, a novel castor oil-based cutting fluid infused with nanomolybdenum (MoS2) particles has been developed and its various machining properties have been investigated. Various important cutting parameters like surface roughness, tool life, and cutting force were investigated using this newly developed biodegradable nanofluid as a cutting fluid. Comparative experimental studies have also been undertaken with sunflower oil blend and conventional synthetic oil. Observed results validated that the newly developed castor oil-based nanofluid improves the surface finish and tool life by minimizing the cutting force developed to the considerable extent.
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Han, Dan. "Researches of Detection of Fraudulent Financial Statements Based on Data Mining." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 14, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2017.6119.
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Financial statement fraud has been one of the biggest challenges in the modern business world. Financial accounting fraud detection (FAFD) has become an emerging topic of great importance for academic, research and industries. In this paper, the effectiveness of Data Mining (DM) classification techniques in detecting firms that issue fraudulent financial statements (FFS) and deals with the identification of factors associated to FFS are explored. Our study investigates the usefulness of Data Mining techniques including Decision Trees, Neural Networks and Bayesian Belief Networks in the identification of fraudulent financial statements. At last, we compare the three models in terms of their performances.
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Kirito, Keita, Kazuya Shimoda, Katsuto Takenaka, Albert Qin, Oleh Zagrijtschuk, Toshiaki Sato, Narihisa Miyachi, Hiroaki Kawase, Katsuya Yonezu, and Norio Komatsu. "The Rationale, Design, and Baseline Characteristics of a Phase 2 Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Ropeginterferon Alfa-2b (P1101) in Japanese Patients with Polycythemia Vera for Whom the Current Standard of Care Is Difficult to Apply." Blood 136, Supplement 1 (November 5, 2020): 24–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-142504.
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Polycythemia vera (PV) is the most common type of Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). PV is a long-term debilitating and life-threatening condition as it is associated with the risk of thrombosis, hemorrhage, and a long-term propensity to develop myelofibrosis and secondary acute myeloid leukemia. Early intervention with disease-modifying treatment that can eradicate the mutated clones is needed to prevent disease progression and transformation. To date, therapeutic options for PV are limited and no cure is available. Most low-risk patients with PV are treated with phlebotomy and low-dose aspirin to manage increased blood viscosity and reduce the risk of vascular events, whereas high-risk patients require cytoreductive treatment. Several cytoreductive agents are available and hydroxyurea (HU) is commonly used as a first-line therapy. Ruxolitinib, a JAK2 inhibitor, is approved as a second-line treatment of PV restricted to patients who are resistant to or intolerant of HU. While interferon alfa agents have reported efficacy in patients with PV, their use has been limited by tolerability concerns. Ropeginterferon alfa-2b (P1101), a long-acting, mono-PEGylated proline interferon, was developed for the treatment of PV. The novel formulation of P1101 improves its pharmacokinetic properties allowing once every 2 weeks administration and offering improved tolerability and convenience. P1101 was evaluated for the treatment of PV in the phase 3 PROUD-PV trial and its extension study CONTINUATION-PV. In CONTINUATION-PV, a significantly higher proportion of patients treated with P1101 achieved complete hematologic response (CHR) with improved disease burden at 36 months compared with patients treated with HU. P1101 has recently been approved by the European Medicines Agency and the Taiwan Food and Drug Administration as monotherapy in adults for the treatment of PV without symptomatic splenomegaly. Here, we describe a phase 2 study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of P1101 in Japanese patients with PV for whom the current standard of treatment is difficult to apply. This is an ongoing phase 2, open-label, multicenter, single-arm study. Eligible patients receive subcutaneous administration of P1101, starting at 100 μg with dose escalation by 50 μg every 2 weeks until stabilization of hematological parameters at the highest tolerated dose. The dose is maintained at the highest dose that can be tolerated and delivers the best disease response. The maximum recommended single dose is 500 μg every 2 weeks. Low-dose aspirin is administered during the 52 weeks of study treatment, unless contraindicated. At weeks 36 and 52, the primary study endpoint, phlebotomy-free CHR, is analyzed. Secondary endpoints include changes in hematocrit, white blood cell count, platelet count, and spleen size from baseline; time requiring no phlebotomy; time to first response; and duration of response maintenance. After completion of 52-weeks of treatment, collection of the long-term follow-up information (blood parameters, molecular and cytogenetic data, safety parameters, and optional bone marrow data) will be continued until the drug becomes commercially available for all patients. Key eligibility criteria include patients diagnosed with PV according to the WHO criteria, a total cumulative HU treatment duration < 3 years at screening, and patients where the current standard therapy is difficult to apply. The study population includes patients across a wide age range (26 to 72 years) with the median age of 54. Patients are 55% female, 48.3% received prior HU therapy, and 93.1% are JAK2 V617F mutation positive. Patients with a documented history of refractoriness to HU, previous use of interferon alfa, or symptomatic splenomegaly are not eligible. Additional baseline characteristics are shown in Table 1. This study addresses an unmet need for patients where standard therapy cannot be applied. The study population includes younger patients who would require treatment, patients who are classified as low risk of thrombosis, but are considered to be candidates for cytoreductive therapy based on disease-related symptoms, and patients who are intolerant to HU. Data from these patients will be used to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of P1101 and help patients for whom the standard of care is difficult to apply. Trial results are anticipated for Q3 2021. NCT04182100. Disclosures Kirito: Novartis Pharma KK: Honoraria; Shire Japan: Honoraria; Pharmaessential Japan: Honoraria. Shimoda:Otsuka Pharmaceutical: Research Funding; Asahi Kasei Medical: Research Funding; Japanese Society of Hematology: Research Funding; The Shinnihon Foundation of Advanced Medical Treatment Research: Research Funding; Pfizer Inc.: Research Funding; Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd.: Research Funding; CHUGAI PHARMACEUTICAL CO., LTD.: Research Funding; Merck & Co.: Research Funding; Astellas Pharma: Research Funding; AbbVie Inc.: Research Funding; PharmaEssentia Japan: Research Funding; Perseus Proteomics: Research Funding; Celgene: Honoraria; Shire plc: Honoraria; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Honoraria; Takeda Pharmaceutical Company: Honoraria; Novartis: Honoraria, Research Funding. Komatsu:Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shire Japan KK, Novartis Pharma KK, PharmaEssentia Japan KK, Fuso Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd., Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Corporation, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., Takeda Pharmaceutica: Research Funding; Meiji Seika Pharma Co., Ltd.: Patents & Royalties: PCT/JP2020/008434, Research Funding; Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Novartis Pharma KK, Shire Japan KK: Speakers Bureau; AbbVie: Other: member of safety assessment committee in M13-834 clinical trial.; PPMX: Consultancy, Research Funding; Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., PharmaEssentia Japan KK, AbbVie GK, Celgene KK, Novartis Pharma KK, Shire Japan KK, Japan Tobacco Inc: Consultancy.
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Sajatovic, Martha, Amanda Wilhelm, Stacy Finkbeiner, Hadas Barkay, Nayla Chaijale, Nicholas Gross, and Mark Forrest Gordon. "Long-Term Safety and Efficacy of Deutetrabenazine in Younger and Older Patients With Tardive Dyskinesia." CNS Spectrums 26, no. 2 (April 2021): 157–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852920002527.
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AbstractBackgroundTardive dyskinesia (TD) is an involuntary movement disorder that is more prevalent in older patients. However, there is limited information on TD treatment for this population. In two 12-week pivotal trials (ARM-TD and AIM-TD), TD patients demonstrated significant improvements in Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) score with deutetrabenazine versus placebo.MethodsPatients who completed ARM-TD or AIM-TD enrolled in an open-label extension (OLE) study. This post hoc analysis assessed change and percent change from baseline in AIMS score, response rates for ≥50% AIMS improvement, Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC), Clinical Global Impression of Change (CGIC), and safety in younger (<55 years) and older (≥55 years) patients.ResultsThis analysis included 119 younger and 218 older patients enrolled in the OLE. Data presented at Week 145 (mean±SE): total deutetrabenazine dose was 39.4±1.39mg/day and 39.5±1.04mg/day in younger and older patients, respectively. Changes from baseline in AIMS score were –6.7±0.62 and –6.5±0.47, respectively (percent changes of –61.4%±4.10% and –54.6%±3.01%). The majority of younger and older patients achieved treatment success per CGIC (67% and 76%) and PGIC (64% and 63%) and achieved ≥50% AIMS response (76% and 62%). Deutetrabenazine was generally well tolerated in both groups. Exposure-adjusted incidence rates (incidence/patient-years) were <0.01 and 0.02 for akathisia, 0.07 (both) for somnolence and sedation, 0.04 and 0.11 for parkinson-like events, and 0.06 and 0.09 for depression in younger and older patients, respectively.ConclusionsDeutetrabenazine treatment was associated with sustained improvements in AIMS score and was well tolerated in both younger and older TD patients.FundingTeva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Petach Tikva, Israel
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Trujillo, Ricardo Matias, Daniela Estefanía Barraza, Martin Lucas Zamora, Anna Cattani-Scholz, and Rossana Elena Madrid. "Nanostructures in Hydrogen Peroxide Sensing." Sensors 21, no. 6 (March 21, 2021): 2204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21062204.
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In recent years, several devices have been developed for the direct measurement of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a key compound in biological processes and an important chemical reagent in industrial applications. Classical enzymatic biosensors for H2O2 have been recently outclassed by electrochemical sensors that take advantage of material properties in the nano range. Electrodes with metal nanoparticles (NPs) such as Pt, Au, Pd and Ag have been widely used, often in combination with organic and inorganic molecules to improve the sensing capabilities. In this review, we present an overview of nanomaterials, molecules, polymers, and transduction methods used in the optimization of electrochemical sensors for H2O2 sensing. The different devices are compared on the basis of the sensitivity values, the limit of detection (LOD) and the linear range of application reported in the literature. The review aims to provide an overview of the advantages associated with different nanostructures to assess which one best suits a target application.
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Wang, Shuiyuan, Xiang Hou, Lan Liu, Jingyu Li, Yuwei Shan, Shiwei Wu, David Wei Zhang, and Peng Zhou. "A Photoelectric-Stimulated MoS2 Transistor for Neuromorphic Engineering." Research 2019 (November 11, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/2019/1618798.
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The von Neumann bottleneck has spawned the rapid expansion of neuromorphic engineering and brain-like networks. Synapses serve as bridges for information transmission and connection in the biological nervous system. The direct implementation of neural networks may depend on novel materials and devices that mimic natural neuronal and synaptic behavior. By exploiting the interfacial effects between MoS2 and AlOx, we demonstrate that an h-BN-encapsulated MoS2 artificial synapse transistor can mimic the basic synaptic behaviors, including EPSC, PPF, LTP, and LTD. Efficient optoelectronic spikes enable simulation of synaptic gain, frequency, and weight plasticity. The Pavlov classical conditioning experiment was successfully simulated by electrical tuning, showing associated learning behavior. In addition, h-BN encapsulation effectively improves the environmental time stability of our devices. Our h-BN-encapsulated MoS2 artificial synapse provides a new paradigm for hardware implementation of neuromorphic engineering.
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Tepper, Stewart J., Tamar Lin, Tal Montal, Alon Ironi, and Carrie Dougherty. "Real-world Experience with Remote Electrical Neuromodulation in the Acute Treatment of Migraine." Pain Medicine 21, no. 12 (September 16, 2020): 3522–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pm/pnaa299.
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Abstract Objective Remote electrical neuromodulation (REN) is a nonpharmacological acute migraine treatment that stimulates upper-arm peripheral nerves. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of REN for acute treatment of migraine in a real-world setting. Methods Real-world data were collected from patients who were using REN (Nerivio®, Theranica Bio-Electronics Ltd., Israel) between October 1, 2019, and March 31, 2020. Patients recorded their symptoms at baseline, two hours, and 24 hours post-treatment. Patients were stratified based on the type of visit and provider; in-person visits with headache specialists (HS group) or virtual visits with nonheadache specialists (NHS group). Efficacy outcome focused on intra-individual consistency of response across multiple attacks. Results We found that 58.9% (662/1,123) of the patients in the HS group and 74.2% (23/31) of the patients in the NHS group experienced pain relief at two hours in at least 50% of their treated attacks and 20.0% (268/1,339) of the patients in the HS group and 35.6% (16/45) of the patients in the NHS group experienced pain freedom at two hours in at least 50% of their treated attacks. The effects of REN on associated symptoms and improvement in function were also consistent in both groups. The incidence of device-related adverse events was very low (0.5%). Conclusions Real-world data confirm that REN results in meaningful clinical benefits with minimal side effects. REN may provide an effective drug-free treatment option for achieving consistent relief from migraine symptoms and may reduce the use of acute medications.
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Yang, Chun-Ming, Kuen-Suan Chen, Ting-Hsin Hsu, and Chang-Hsien Hsu. "Supplier Selection and Performance Evaluation for High-Voltage Power Film Capacitors in a Fuzzy Environment." Applied Sciences 9, no. 23 (December 3, 2019): 5253. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9235253.
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Rapid advances in technology have shortened the upgrade and replacement cycles in industries such as electronics, household appliances, and communication technologies. Within these industries, high-voltage power film capacitors have become indispensable electrical components due to their good electrical performance and high reliability. The selection and evaluation of suppliers of these capacitors is therefore increasingly important. Suppliers play a crucial role in the electronics industry; the quality of their products determines the degree to which the quality of the final product can be guaranteed. Supplier quality also affects the ability of all the members in a supply chain to control costs. Evaluation by decision-makers is highly significant in the supplier selection process. However, when the opinions of multiple decision-makers are combined, issues such as cognitive differences, fuzzy linguistics, and uncertainty are common. This study presents a supplier performance index SPL and derives the estimates of the index SPL and its statistical properties. The proposed index is not only helpful for the accurate measurement of supplier performance; it can also reduce cognitive differences among evaluators in the decision-making process (that is, the sample variability associated with the Likert scale). Evaluation scores for each criterion for the linguistic labels are converted to triangular fuzzy numbers in order to reduce ambiguity. Subsequently, integrated crisp values are obtained by defuzzification in a fuzzy inference system. A real-world case study of the supplier selection of high-voltage power film capacitors is provided to illustrate the efficacy of the proposed method.
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Yusuf-Habeeb, Munirat Olafemi, and Aina Olalekan Kazeem. "Appraisal of Conflict Management as a Tool for Achieving Industrial Harmony." Nile Journal of Business and Economics 3, no. 7 (December 14, 2017): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.20321/nilejbe.v3i7.119.
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<p>This study sought to appraise the efficacy of conflict management in achieving industrial harmony in Etisalat Nig. Ltd. Conflict has been observed to take a dangerous trend in Nigeria thus the urgent need for its proper management and transformation as essential for peace and progress in the workplace. The problem of conflict in organizations has not only persistently led to low productivity in the industries but also in the disruption in the growth and development of the economy as a whole. The major concern of this study was to determine ways of sustaining harmonious industrial relations in the future thereby avoiding disruptive conflicts. The study adopted the survey research design using questionnaires to collect primary data where a total of 320 respondents were randomly selected from the population as the sample size and 300 respondents returned their questionnaires representing 97% response rate. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Hypotheses were tested through chi-square method. The findings revealed that poor conflict management has devastating effects on Industrial Harmony of Etisalat Nigeria. It was also revealed that conflict is associated to performance standard targets. To this end, it was recommended that the standards set by management be specific, measurable, achievable, realistic and should have time limit. It was also recommended that management should enhance communication with staff to address issues that can produce conflicts before they break open. And also, the management should disseminate information or give orders clearly by formally instructing employees on the use of written guidelines (e.g. memos, circular etc.) and procedures to prevent communication gap, so that staffs will have a clear understanding and correct interpretation of all information and instructions which in turn lead to industrial Harmony.</p>
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Barkay, Hadas, Robert A. Hauser, Amanda Wilhelm, Maria Wieman, Mark Forrest Gordon, and Juha-Matti Savola. "Minimal Clinically Important Difference in AIMS Score Based on CGIC and PGIC in Patients With Tardive Dyskinesia Treated With Deutetrabenazine." CNS Spectrums 26, no. 2 (April 2021): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852920002552.
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AbstractBackgroundDeutetrabenazine is FDA approved for tardive dyskinesia (TD) based on two 12-week, placebo-controlled studies evaluating safety and efficacy in patients with baseline Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) score ≥6. Deutetrabenazine reduced overall AIMS scores compared with placebo in ARM-TD (–3.0 vs –1.6, P=0.019) and AIM-TD (24 mg/day, –3.2 vs –1.4, P=0.003; 36 mg/day, –3.3 vs –1.4, P=0.001). This analysis assessed Minimal Clinically Important Difference (MCID) in AIMS score in patients with TD treated with deutetrabenazine.MethodsMCID is the smallest change from baseline in AIMS score that is meaningful for patients. MCID analyses were performed based on Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC) and Clinical Global Impression of Change (CGIC) as anchors described by Hauser et al., where MCID is the difference between patients treated with deutetrabenazine who were minimally improved and patients treated with placebo who were unchanged. Additional MCID definitions were explored: difference between patients who demonstrated treatment improvement versus those who did not (Method 2); difference between patients who demonstrated treatment success versus those who did not (Method 3).Results295 patients were analyzed. Based on PGIC, the suggested MCID was –2.8. Results were similar for Method 2 (75% of patients had treatment improvement; MCID = –2.8) and Method 3 (38% of patients had treatment success; MCID = –2.6). Based on CGIC, the suggested MCID was –2.6. Results were similar for Method 2 (76% of patients had treatment improvement; MCID = –2.8) and Method 3 (41% of patients had treatment success; MCID = –3.0). Therefore, the suggested MCID for deutetrabenazine is –3.ConclusionsThe MCID for change in AIMS score based on PGIC and CGIC for deutetrabenazine was –3 regardless of the analytical method. Findings suggest an AIMS score reduction of ~3 is associated with clinically meaningful improvement in TD symptoms.FundingTeva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Petach Tikva, Israel
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Hoffman, Susan C., and Mark S. Hoffman. "Implementation of a Shared Human Factors Support Program between Academia and Industry." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 31, no. 3 (September 1987): 285–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193128703100303.
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Human factors research programs within commercial industries are frequently avoided because of escalating costs associated with data collection and reduction. Other prohibiting factors limiting the use of traditional research methods in industry are manpower costs, accounting procedures for overhead allocation, and the availability of qualified personnel. The department of Computer and Electrical Engineering Technology at Kent State University, Tuscarawas Campus has developed a program for supporting the projects from the NCR Human Factors Department of the Retail Systems Division. This program has provided students an opportunity to (1) acquire new skills rarely experienced in classroom assignments; (2) obtain financial assistance, and (3) obtain exposure to potential employers. This program began as a pilot and has continued to grow because of the demand in retail businesses for the work supported by the students.
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Lapko, Inna V., Alla V. Zheglova, Inessa A. Bogatyreva, and Kristina V. Klimkina. "Health-saving measures in preventing diseases associated with working conditions." HEALTH CARE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION 65, no. 4 (September 7, 2021): 372–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.47470/0044-197x-2021-65-4-372-378.
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Introduction. The health of employees of harmful industries indicates its disadvantage and dependence on behavioural and occupation risk factors, promoting the formation of diseases associated with their impact. In this regard, it is essential to improve hygienic and medical-preventive measures to strengthen and restore the health of the able-bodied population, based on the use of health-saving principles aimed at developing skills for a healthy lifestyle and monitoring predictors of functional disorders of the body and the health of workers. The purpose of the study. Implementation and evaluation of the effectiveness of preventive measures using health-saving methods to optimise the production environment and extend the longevity of workers working in harmful working conditions. Material and methods. Two hundred eighty-two employees of the “Starooskolsky plant of automotive electrical equipment named after A.M. Mamonov” exposed to harmful factors of the working environment were examined. The health status of employees was assessed according to the data of periodic and preventive medical examinations, medical documentation, with an assessment of the prevalence of priority classes of diseases. Behavioural risk factors (smoking, physical activity, the nature of nutrition) and associated functional indices of health disorders were studied: body mass index, biochemical indices. A health-saving program was proposed and tested, including an organisational, training and monitoring unit. Results. The health status assessment of the workers of the studied enterprise showed the structure of morbidity to be formed by cardiovascular pathology, diseases of the spine and joints, respiratory organs, the psycho-emotional sphere, endocrinopathy, reaching almost 70%. More than half of the employees are overweight against the background of an unbalanced and irrational diet, a low level of physical activity, and lipid metabolism disorders. The introduction and testing of a preventive program developed on principles of health saving contributed to improving the health of employees and reducing morbidity. Conclusion. The recommended set of health-saving measures contributed to optimising working environment conditions, correcting the state of health of employees, and prolongation of labour longevity.
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Yoshimura, Y., and T. Tsumoto. "Dependence of LTP induction on postsynaptic depolarization: a perforated patch-clamp study in visual cortical slices of young rats." Journal of Neurophysiology 71, no. 5 (May 1, 1994): 1638–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1994.71.5.1638.
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1. To see whether there is a threshold of postsynaptic depolarization for induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) or depression (LTD) of synaptic transmission, perforated patch-clamp recordings were carried out under microscopic observation from 61 layer II/III neurons in visual cortical slices of young rats. Electrical stimulation given to nearby neurons was paired with stepwise shifts (30- or 300-ms duration) of clamped membrane potential of the recorded neurons to various levels. 2. Excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) were elicited by focal stimulation of a nearby pyramidal cell-like neuron. As the intensity of stimulation was increased, EPSCs emerged abruptly with 100% probability, and their peak latencies and amplitudes remained almost constant up to more than twice the threshold, indicating that the EPSCs were elicited monosynaptically. 3. LTP of EPSCs was induced in 11 of the 15 cells after pairing with a step to -20 mV and in 5 of the 14 cells after pairing with a step to -40 mV. No LTP was observed when the postsynaptic cells were clamped at -60, -70, or -90 mV. Significant LTD was not seen at any membrane potential level tested. There was no significant difference between the duration of potential shift of 30 and 300 ms during the pairing procedure in induction probability of LTP and magnitude of LTP, if it was induced. 4. These results suggest that LTP is induced by synaptic inputs associated with postsynaptic depolarization above the threshold around -40 mV at synapses linking layer II/III neurons in the developing visual cortex.
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Shahid, Salman, Sharul Sham Dol, Abdul Qader Hasan, Omar Mustafa Kassem, Mohamed S. Gadala, and Mohd Shiraz Aris. "A Review on Electrical Submersible Pump Head Losses and Methods to Analyze Two-Phase Performance Curve." WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON FLUID MECHANICS 16 (February 9, 2021): 14–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/232013.2021.16.3.
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Electrical submersible pumps (ESP) are referred to as a pump classification whose applications arebased upon transporting fluids from submersible elevations towards a fixed pipeline. Specific ESP pumps areutilized in offshore oil and gas facilities that are frequently employed in transport of Liquefied Natural Gas(LNG) terminals. Transport of LNG is a multiphase process that causes operational challenges for ESP due topresence of air pockets and air bubbles; presenting difficulties, such as cavitation and degradation to pumpcomponents. This performance degradation causes an economic risk to companies as well as a risk to pumpperformance capabilities, as it will not be able to pump with the same pressure again. Operational references formultiphase flow in ESP are limited; thus, this research paper reports multistage pumping, review offundamentals, previous experimental as well as modelling work benefitting future literature for a potentialsolution. Industries consume power to cope up with the losses associated with pumping two-phase fluidscausing company’s fortune. Preceding experimental work on single along with multiphase flow illustrate adistinct flow pattern surrounding the area around pump impeller while the pump is in operation. Throughexperimental observation, four flow patterns were observed and studied when gas was varied at different flowrates. Increasing the intake pressure proved to increase pump performance at two-phase flow. Experimentalstudy of multiphase flow with LNG fluid is expensive; thus, experimental validation is accomplished on asingle stage pump with external intervention of air bubbles to simulate LNG vaporization at fixed pressure andtemperature difference.
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Baptista, Peter M., Paula Martínez Ruiz de Apodaca, Marina Carrasco, Secundino Fernandez, Phui Yee Wong, Henry Zhang, Amro Hassaan, and Bhik Kotecha. "Daytime Neuromuscular Electrical Therapy of Tongue Muscles in Improving Snoring in Individuals with Primary Snoring and Mild Obstructive Sleep Apnea." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 9 (April 27, 2021): 1883. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10091883.
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Study Objectives: Evaluating daytime neuromuscular electrical training (NMES) of tongue muscles in individuals with Primary Snoring and Mild Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA). Methods: A multicenter prospective study was undertaken in patients with primary snoring and mild sleep apnea where daytime NMES (eXciteOSA® Signifier Medical Technologies Ltd., London W6 0LG, UK) was used for 20 min once daily for 6 weeks. Change in percentage time spent snoring was analyzed using a two-night sleep study before and after therapy. Participants and their bed partners completed sleep quality questionnaires: Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the bed partners reported on the nighttime snoring using a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Results: Of 125 patients recruited, 115 patients completed the trial. Ninety percent of the study population had some reduction in objective snoring with the mean reduction in the study population of 41% (p < 0.001). Bed partner-reported snoring reduced significantly by 39% (p < 0.001). ESS and total PSQI scores reduced significantly (p < 0.001) as well as bed partner PSQI (p = 0.017). No serious adverse events were reported. Conclusions: Daytime NMES (eXciteOSA®) is demonstrated to be effective at reducing objective and subjective snoring. It is associated with effective improvement in patient and bed partner sleep quality and patient daytime somnolence. Both objective and subjective measures demonstrated a consistent improvement. Daytime NMES was well tolerated and had minimal transient side effects.
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Biswas, Aviroop, Colette N. Severin, Peter M. Smith, Ivan A. Steenstra, Lynda S. Robson, and Benjamin C. Amick III. "Larger Workplaces, People-Oriented Culture, and Specific Industry Sectors Are Associated with Co-Occurring Health Protection and Wellness Activities." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 12 (December 4, 2018): 2739. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15122739.
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Employers are increasingly interested in offering workplace wellness programs in addition to occupational health and safety (OHS) activities to promote worker health, wellbeing, and productivity. Yet, there is a dearth of research on workplace factors that enable the implementation of OHS and wellness to inform the future integration of these activities in Canadian workplaces. This study explored workplace demographic factors associated with the co-implementation of OHS and wellness activities in a heterogenous sample of Canadian workplaces. Using a cross-sectional survey of 1285 workplaces from 2011 to 2014, latent profiles of co-occurrent OHS and wellness activities were identified, and multinomial logistic regression was used to assess associations between workplace demographic factors and the profiles. Most workplaces (84%) demonstrated little co-occurrence of OHS and wellness activities. Highest co-occurrence was associated with large workplaces (odds ratio (OR) = 3.22, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.15–5.89), in the electrical and utilities sector (OR = 5.57, 95% CI = 2.24–8.35), and a high people-oriented culture (OR = 4.70, 95% CI = 1.59–5.26). Promoting integrated OHS and wellness approaches in medium to large workplaces, in select industries, and emphasizing a people-oriented culture were found to be important factors for implementing OHS and wellness in Canadian organizations. Informed by these findings, future studies should understand the mechanisms to facilitate the integration of OHS and wellness in workplaces.
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Abd-Mutalib, Hafizah, Che Zuriana Muhammad Jamil, Rapiah Mohamed, Nor Atikah Shafai, and Saidatul Nurul Hidayah Jannatun Naim Nor-Ahmad. "Firm and Board Characteristics, and E-Waste Disclosure: A Study in the Era of Digitalisation." Sustainability 13, no. 18 (September 18, 2021): 10417. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131810417.
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Business sectors face the advent of digitalisation, bringing attention to e-waste, or waste generated from obsolete electrical and electronic appliances. In addressing this issue, the study intends to examine e-waste disclosure by Bursa Malaysia listed firms. Specifically, this study investigates the extent and quality of e-waste disclosure, observes whether the reporting differs between industries and the boards on which the firms are listed, and investigates if e-waste disclosure is associated with firm and board characteristics. A total of 92 firms in the telecommunication and technology industries, listed on the Main and Ace boards of Bursa Malaysia, were selected as samples. The results reveal that despite an indication that e-waste reporting applies to the two sectors, only 16% of the firms report their commitment to managing e-waste. The disclosure shows how e-waste reporting is low in quantity and is circulated with only very general, qualitative information. An independent sample t-test reveals that firms listed on the Main board report significantly more e-waste information than their counterparts. Another t-test indicates an insignificant difference in e-waste disclosure between the firms under study. Furthermore, firm size significantly impacts e-waste disclosure, while firm performance, board size, and board gender diversity show insignificant impact. The results of this preliminary study shed some light on business firms’ commitment towards their e-waste management and reporting, which is a substantial factor for Malaysia to achieve environmental sustainability.
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Cardoza, Diego, Inmaculada Romero, Teresa Martínez, Encarnación Ruiz, Francisco J. Gallego, Juan Carlos López-Linares, Paloma Manzanares, and Eulogio Castro. "Location of Biorefineries Based on Olive-Derived Biomass in Andalusia, Spain." Energies 14, no. 11 (May 25, 2021): 3052. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14113052.
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A biorefinery integrated process based on lignocellulosic feedstock is especially interesting in rural areas with a high density of agricultural and agro-industrial wastes, which is the case for olive crop areas and their associated industries. In the region of Andalusia, in the south of Spain, the provinces of Jaén, Córdoba and Seville accumulate more than 70% of the olive wastes generated in Spain. Therefore, the valorisation of these wastes is a matter of interest from both an environmental and a social point of view. The olive biorefinery involves a multi-product process from different raw materials: olive leaves, exhausted olive pomace, olive stones and olive tree pruning residues. Biorefinery processes associated with these wastes would allow their valorisation to produce bioenergy and high value-added renewable products. In this work, using geographic information system tools, the biomass from olive crop fields, mills and olive pomace-extracting industries, where these wastes are generated, was determined and quantified in the study area. In addition, the vulnerability of the territory was evaluated through an environmental and territorial analysis that allowed for the determination of the reception capacity of the study area. Then, information layers corresponding to the availability of the four biomass wastes, and layers corresponding to the environmental fragility of the study area were overlapped and they resulted in an overall map. This made it possible to identify the best areas for the implementation of the biorefineries based on olive-derived biomass. Finally, as an example, three zones were selected for this purpose. These locations corresponded to low fragility areas with a high availability of biomass (more than 300,000 tons/year) in a 30 km radius, which would ensure the biomass supply.
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Luo, Xing Ling, An Quan Zou, and Chun Guang Quan. "A Study on the Carbon Emissions Calculation Model of Iron and Steel Products Based on EIO-LCA." Applied Mechanics and Materials 713-715 (January 2015): 2970–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.713-715.2970.
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Carbon emission has become a global focus. The construction of carbon emissions calculation model is helpful for its control. Currently, there is still no uniform method about accounting on the carbon emissions of steel products. The common calculation models are not totally suitable for China. To make up for the shortcomings of them, this paper defines the life cycle system of the iron and steel products based on EIO-LCA, measures the quantity of the direct, indirect carbon emissions and carbon emission deduction in various stages of this life cycle, identifies the hotspot and department which contributes most in carbon emission, and takes Hunan Valin Xiangtan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd (abbreviated Xiang Gang) as an example to validate it. It shows that 2103.87kg of carbon in total would be emitted when one tonne of steel is produced by Xiang Gang. Among the total, the quantity of direct, indirect and deductible carbon emission are 2033.5kg, 216.75kg and 146.38kg respectively, namely carbon emissions of producing per ton of steel is 2.1 tons. Direct carbon emissions from all stages of the life cycle of steel products mainly exist in the stage of steel production and transportation. And ferrous metal smelting and rolling processing industry are the largest emissions industries of the total indirect emissions. Converting by-product gas, heat, and pressure into electrical energy use can reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 146kg, which is the equivalent of reducing carbon dioxide emissions per ton of steel 0.15 tons. Therefore, in order to make the carbon dioxide emissions reach the advanced domestic level of 1.7 tons per ton steel, the iron and steel enterprises can meet emissions reduction targets by strengthening control of carbon emission and improving the efficiency of the utilization of secondary energy from small and large scale.
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Yahya Saleh Ibrahim, Aishatu Abdullahi Na’ibi, and Suleiman Usman. "Mobbing, organizational trust, voice and deviance behaviour among environmental health and safety professionals in Nigeria." International Journal of Science and Research Archive 2, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 194–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2021.2.2.0066.
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This paper aims at assessing the present circumstances strongly associated with healthcare workers in Nigeria. Particular reference is to the recognition of the fact that mobbing and/or bullying stressors are being meted on environmental health workers by other medical and paramedical workers in the field in Nigeria. The study used environmental health workers as sampled population as well includes different actors from the healthcare work force to identify certain key elements associated with mobbing and/or bullying in a set of job-related organizational contexts. The data were obtained using an adopted questionnaire used by previous researchers. In line with this topic three objectives were developed Mobbing and Organizational Trusts, Mobbing and Voice Behaviour, Mobbing and Deviance behaviour. The total number of questionnaires distributed was 220 out of which 200 were dully filled and return for analysis. The results indicated that there is significant relationship between environmental health workers precisely working in the primary, secondary and tertiary healthcare being mobbed or bullied. The identified scene for such act has been identified to be when patients or guest are present in the facility where they work, at meetings or work briefing and during special area inspections. Worst still, was the non-inclusion of environmental health workers in the scheme of building plan, supervision, approval and smooth handing over of projects after completion for lifecycle inspection. The act tends to discourage their job performance and increase the prevalence of diseases related to environmental factors and conditions in the country. Chances are that an environmental health worker may be bullied if the officer insisted on inspecting sites where other professionals (Civil, mechanical, electrical, architects, surveyors amongst other) are in charge during construction. These led to the environmental health workers to suffer from psycho-industrial ailments or work stress, enjoy little satisfaction from their working conditions, and failed to perceive opportunities for promotions in their organizations and future progression in the profession. The implications of these findings could assist in reassuring environmental health workers enviable future, greater challenges and hopes, reduction IN environmentally driven diseases, policy recognition and medical family reintegration by facilitating, good social professional relationships among healthcare workers in the country.
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Kato, Shoichiro, Takaaki Maekawa, Hiraku Ogata, Yukiko Osawa, Kawasaki Kota, Kohei Takada, Takehiro Sone, et al. "Chitinase 3-like 1 Produced By Fibrocytes Promotes Myelofibrosis." Blood 134, Supplement_1 (November 13, 2019): 4197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-125525.
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Introduction Monocyte-derived fibrocytes are spindle-shaped fibroblast-like blood cells derived from a sub-population of CD14+ monocytes. Recent studies have shown that fibrocytes play a key role in the pathogenesis of primary myelofibrosis (MF), and these cells have attracted attention as novel therapeutic targets for MF treatment. Using a Romiplostim (Rom)-induced murine MF model, we have previously reported that fibrocyte differentiation, which is directly induced by activating the thorombopoietin receptor signaling pathway, can potentially trigger the progression of MF (Leukemia 2017; 31: 2709). However, the precise molecular mechanism of fibrocyte activity in MF have not been elucidated. To address this question, we compared the RNA sequencing-based gene expression profiles of monocytes and fibrocytes and detected that fibrocytes exhibited a higher level of Chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1) expression than monocytes. CHI3L1, an 18-glycosyl hydrolase-related molecule, is a member of the enzymatically inactive chitinase-like protein family. These proteins are associated with inflammation, tissue remodeling, and organ fibrosis. Therefore, we hypothesized that CHI3L1 produced by fibrocytes is potentially involved in the progression of MF and could be a therapeutic target. In the present study, we evaluated CHI3L1 using serum samples obtained from patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) and a Rom-induced murine MF model. Methods Monocytes and fibrocytes (Day 9 and Day 12) were prepared using peripheral blood samples from healthy volunteers. Following total RNA extraction, RNA qualification, and library preparation, a Hiseq4000 (Illumina) system was used for RNA sequencing. ELISA-based analyses were performed using the supernatant of the blood cells to confirm the presence of the CHI3L1 protein. Furthermore, we determined the serum CHI3L1 levels of MPN patients with or without MF using ELISA-based analyses. Overall, 21 patients without MF and 31 patients with MF (MF-1 to MF-3) were enrolled after obtaining written informed consent. Using the Rom-induced murine MF model, we performed in vivo analyses of Chi3l1. Female C57BL/6J mice (8-week-old) were administered with 1 mg/kg Rom once a week for 2 or 3 weeks, following which serum samples, spleens, and bone marrow samples were examined. To eliminate fibrocytes, clodronate liposomes were administered to mice. Chi3l1-deficient (Chi3l1−/−) mice were administered with Rom in the same manner. Following these treatments, RT-PCR and histopathological analyses of bone marrow were conducted. Non-contact co-culture assays of human fibrocytes and fibroblasts were performed using the human fibroblast cell line HS-5 to evaluate the interaction between CHI3L1 and fibroblasts. HS-5 cells were cultured using the supernatant of fibrocytes with or without the neutralizing antibody for CHI3L1 and mRNA expression of HS-5 cells was examined. Results Comparing the RNA sequencing gene expression profiles of monocytes and fibrocytes revealed a significant increase in CHI3L1 expression associated with fibrocyte differentiation. ELISA-based analyses of human monocyte and fibrocyte supernatants confirmed that the secretion of CHI3l1 protein concurred with the amount of mRNA expression (P < 0.01) (a). We demonstrated that CHI3L1 levels were elevated in in serum samples obtained from MPN patients with MF (N = 31) compared with those obtained from patients without MF (N = 21; P = 0.027) (b). High levels of Chi3l1 mRNA expression were observed in the bone marrow of the Rom-induced murine MF model (P < 0.01), which was abrogated by clodronate treatment. Furthermore, compared with wild-type mice, Chi3l1−/− mice showed fewer reticulin fibers in silver-stained bone marrow sections (c) and significantly decreased Col3A1 and Acta2 mRNA expression in the bone marrow (P < 0.05). In addition, co-culture assays demonstrated that HS-5 cells cultured with the supernatant of fibrocytes showed significantly higher levels of COL1A1 and COL3A1 expression (P < 0.05) than that of monocytes and the addition of CHI3L1 neutralizing antibody abrogated these increases (d). Conclusion CHI3L1 is involved in the interaction between fibrocytes and fibroblasts and this molecule exacerbates the progression of bone marrow fibrosis by promoting the production of the extracellular matrix. Therefore, CHI3L1 could be a potential therapeutic target for MF treatment. Figure Disclosures Makishima: Bristol-Myers Squibb: Research Funding. Komatsu:Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.: Research Funding; Fuso Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd.: Research Funding; Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Pharma Essentia: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Novartis K.K: Speakers Bureau. Kimura:JSPS KAKENHI: Research Funding.
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Nassereddine, M., J. Rizk, M. Nagrial, A. Hellany, N. Moubayed, and N. Karami. "Hidden High Voltage Safety Risks for Parallel High Voltage Transmission Lines." MATEC Web of Conferences 171 (2018): 02005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201817102005.
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High voltage (HV) infrastructures market is growing due to the corresponding growth in industries and population. To ensure continuous and reliable electrical power supply, existing substation and transmission lines are being upgraded to accommodate the additional load requirements. These upgrades involve up-rating the existing transmission lines or the installation of new lines. To save on easement cost and reduce the environmental impacts, transmission lines are occupied the same easement or path. This parallel option introduces the risk of induced voltage which could reach an unsafe condition and jeopardize the safety of works and people. This paper analysis and highlight the hidden risk associated with two parallel transmission lines that connected the same high voltage substation. The theoretical study which is supported by the case study shows the high risk potential tempering with the OHEW on the isolated circuit while the other one is still energized
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Frank, Samuel, Christina Vaughan, David Stamler, David Oakes, Mat D. Davis, Nicholas Gross, Mark Forrest Gordon, et al. "Evaluation of the Safety of Deutetrabenazine at Higher Doses to Treat Chorea in Huntington’s Disease." CNS Spectrums 26, no. 2 (April 2021): 162–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852920002618.
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AbstractBackgroundIn the First-HD pivotal trial, the maximum deutetrabenazine dose evaluated to treat chorea associated with Huntington’s disease (HD chorea) was 48 mg/d, which is the approved maximum dose for this population. In ARC-HD, an open-label extension study evaluating the long-term efficacy and safety of deutetrabenazine to treat HD chorea, dosage ranged from 6 mg/d to 72 mg/d, with doses ≥12 mg/d administered twice daily. Doses in ARC-HD were increased by 6 mg/d per week in a response-driven manner based on efficacy and tolerability until 48 mg/d (Week 8). At the investigator’s discretion, further increases were permitted by 12 mg/d per week to a maximum of 72 mg/d. This post-hoc analysis evaluates the safety and tolerability of deutetrabenazine >48 mg/d compared to ≤48 mg/d to treat HD chorea in ARC-HD.MethodsPatient counts and safety assessments were attributed to patients when they received a dose of either ≤48 mg/d or >48 mg/d. For 9 selected adverse events (AEs), we compared AE rates adjusted for duration of drug exposure (as number of AEs/year) at ≤48 mg/d or >48 mg/d. The AE rates were determined after titration when participants were on stable doses of deutetrabenazine.ResultsAll 113 patients were exposed to doses ≤48 mg/d (177.1 patient-years) and 49 patients were ever exposed to doses >48 mg/d (74.1 patient-years). In patients taking deutetrabenazine >48 mg/d compared to ≤48 mg/d after the titration period, there were no apparent differences in exposure-adjusted AE rates.ConclusionsBased on clinical experience, some patients with HD may benefit from doses higher than 48 mg/d to adequately control chorea. These doses were tolerated without apparent increase in the exposure-adjusted rates of selected AEs after titration. This analysis does not address the occurrence of other AEs or whether adequate efficacy was achieved at lower doses, factors that may have influenced dose increases.FundingTeva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Petach Tikva, Israel
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Jimenez-Shahed, Joohi, Hadas Barkay, Karen E. Anderson, Hubert H. Fernandez, Stewart A. Factor, Robert A. Hauser, Maria Wieman, Mark Forrest Gordon, and Juha-Matti Savola. "Effect of Deutetrabenazine on Metabolic Parameters in the Treatment of Tardive Dyskinesia." CNS Spectrums 26, no. 2 (April 2021): 159–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852920002564.
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AbstractBackgroundDeutetrabenazine, a novel vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) inhibitor, is approved by the FDA for treatment of tardive dyskinesia (TD) in adults. Dopamine-receptor antagonists (DRAs) are associated with worsening of metabolic parameters, including weight gain, hyperlipidemia, and elevated blood glucose. This post hoc analysis assessed the short- and long-term effects of deutetrabenazine treatment on weight and metabolic parameters in individuals treated for TD.MethodsTwo 12-week, randomized placebo-controlled trials (RCTs) of deutetrabenazine for patients with TD evaluated either fixed dosing (AIM-TD; 12, 24, or 36 mg) or dose titration (ARM-TD; max dose, 48 mg/day). Patients completing ARM-TD or AIM-TD were included in an open-label extension (OLE) study, in which all patients underwent response-driven titration of deutetrabenazine from 12 mg/day up to a maximum total dose of 48 mg/day. Weight, body mass index (BMI), serum glucose, serum total cholesterol, and serum triglycerides were evaluated at baseline and during treatment in the RCTs and in the OLE.ResultsIn the RCTs, 282 and 133 patients received deutetrabenazine or placebo. At baseline, 77% of patients used DRAs. At Week 12, no meaningful changes in weight were observed, with mean (standard error) weight changes of 0.9–1.2 (0.3–0.5) and 0.2 (0.3) kg in the deutetrabenazine and placebo groups, respectively, and mean BMI changes of 0.3–0.5 (0.1–0.2) and 0.1 (0.1) kg/m2. 337 patients were included in the analysis of the OLE study. No meaningful changes were observed in weight (mean change: 0.4 [0.4] kg at Week 54, –0.5 [0.6] kg at Week 106, and –1.1 [0.6] kg at Week 145) or BMI (mean change: 0.1 [0.2] kg/m2 at Week 54, –0.2 [0.2] kg/m2 at Week 106, and –0.3 [0.2] kg/m2 at Week 145). Across the studies, no meaningful changes were observed in triglyceride, cholesterol, or glucose levels.ConclusionDeutetrabenazine does not affect common metabolic parameters in patients with TD, even during long-term exposure.FundingTeva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Petach Tikva, Israel