Journal articles: 'Association for Sustainable Land Use in Zimbabwe'

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KORI, EDMORE, AGNES MUSYOKI, and NTHADULENI S. NETHENGWE. "AN EVALUATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY OF GRAZING LANDS USING THE ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT TOOL: A CASE OF CHIRUMANZU DISTRICT, ZIMBABWE." Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 15, no. 04 (December 2013): 1350017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1464333213500178.

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The 1992 United Nations World Commission on Environment and Development Summit underscored the need to conduct environmental sustainability evaluations. Such evaluations are important as they communicate the relationship between natural resources extraction and environmental regenerative capacity. We use the Ecological Footprint tool to evaluate the environmental sustainability of grazing landuse for Chirumanzu District of Zimbabwe. Empirical evidence presented here relates to livestock data obtained from the Veterinary Department and a sample household survey. Results revealed the presence of a large ecological reserve, depicting sustainable utilization of environmental resources. Further unravelling of the results, however, revealed under utilisation of the available biocapacity. Livestock-limited environmentally sustainable is the concept used to describe this scenario. Further interpretation of the large ecological reserve indicates insecure land tenure system, low livestock ownership and difficult economic hardships faced by resettled farmers. The paper recommends that the government adopts policies that encourage the development of a sustainable livestock sector.

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Mamedov, Amrakh I., Atsushi Tsunekawa, Nigussie Haregeweyn, Mitsuru Tsubo, Haruyuki Fujimaki, Takayuki Kawai, Birhanu Kebede, et al. "Soil Structure Stability under Different Land Uses in Association with Polyacrylamide Effects." Sustainability 13, no. 3 (January 29, 2021): 1407. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13031407.

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Soil structural stability is a vital aspect of soil quality and functions, and of maintaining sustainable land management. The objective of this study was to compare the contribution of four long-term land-use systems (crop, bush, grass, and forest) coupled with anionic polyacrylamide (PAM = 0, 25, and 200 mg L−1) application on the structural stability of soils in three watersheds of Ethiopia varying in elevation. Effect of treatments on soil structural stability indices were assessed using the high energy moisture characteristic (HEMC, 0–50 hPa) method, which provides (i) water retention model parameters α and n, and (ii) soil structure index (SI). Soil (watershed), land use and PAM treatments had significant effects on the shape of the water retention curves (α, n) and SI, with diverse changes in the macropore sizes (60–250; >250 μm). Soil organic carbon (SOC) content and SI were strongly related to soil pH, CaCO3 soil type-clay mineralogy, exchangeable Ca2+, and Na+ (negatively). The order of soil SI (0.013–0.064 hPa−1) and SOC (1.4–8.1%) by land use was similar (forest > grass > bush > cropland). PAM effect on increasing soil SI (1.2–2.0 times), was inversely related to SOC content, being also pronounced in soils from watersheds of low (Vertisol) and medium (Luvisol) elevation, and the cropland soil from high (Acrisol) elevation. Treating cropland soils with a high PAM rate yielded greater SI (0.028–0.042 hPa−1) than untreated bush- and grassland soils (0.021–0.033 hPa−1). For sustainable management and faster improvement in soil physical quality, soil properties, and land-use history should be considered together with PAM application.

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Nurlaila, Ida, and Sonny Yuliar. "Multiculturality in the Indonesia's Biofuel Innovation Initiative: Critical issues of land use and sustainable environment." Journal of ASIAN Behavioural Studies 3, no. 6 (January 4, 2018): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/jabs.v3i6.246.

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The Presidential decree was triggered national-scale energy plant cultivation to all districts. It is based on the assumption that Indonesia's energy security problem need to be addressed for accommodating poverty and environment problems. Until today the main objective of the program has not materialized, social conflicts that emerged mostly triggered by land usage and environment issues. While energy-economic calculation is central in the biofuel program conception, the evidences reveal a wide range of cultural issues taking a significant position in the program adoption at rural communities. In other words, multiculturality is a critical issue in the biofuel program adoption.. Keywords: biofuel innovation, land use, sustainable environment, multiculturality, collective learning eISSN 2514-7528 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.

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Zhovtonog, Olga, Vitalii Polishchuk, and Kateryna Chorna. "Land consolidation and creation of water user organizations for sustainable use and restoration of irrigation." Environmental Economics and Sustainable Development, no. 7(26) (2020): 92–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.37100/2616-7689/2020/7(26)/12.

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The article presents the results of system analysis of the problems in irrigated agriculture and irrigation restoration in Ukraine. The results of classification of water and land use conditions within the irrigation systems are given in this paper. The methodological approaches to the development of integrated plans for consolidation of water and land resources have been elaborated. Based on the surveys and questionnaires in the studied regions, 5 groups of land fragmentation problems were identified, which are outlined in this study and illustrated on some examples with using maps. The following types of conditions of water use were distinguished: lease of land plots by one large farm or agroholding within the area of one or more water distribution channels of large irrigation systems; the using of lands of intra-farm irrigation systems, which typically belong to the territories of individual village councils and are served by several water intake structures, and a large number of medium and small tenants; the using by several tenants of an area serviced by one water intake structure or one pumping station; fragmentation of land use and land ownership conditions within a single field; the presence of land plots with different leases terms within the individual fields, used by one agricultural enterprise. According to the types of land use conditions, three options for integrated land consolidation plans for irrigation systems were proposed. In order to develop integrated land consolidation plans and to restore irrigation, a complex analysis of land use maps and maps of the projected irrigation area will be needed. Therfore, it is necessary to establish a dialogue with stakeholders, namely with all farms, farmers and individual landowners on drawing up the most economically and environmentally optimal land consolidation plan within irrigation restoration areas. When drawing up such a plan, it is necessary to carry out an expert evaluation of the different scenarios of irrigation restoration, taking into account the composition of crops, probable techniques and methods of irrigation. Once the consolidation plan has been agreed, it is important to have a permanent land users association in place to attract and invest in irrigation restoration and to operate the irrigation infrastructure after the restoration. The issues of creating Water User's associations (WUA) in the irrigation areas was considered; the role of associations and land consolidation in restoring the on-farm irrigation network was determined. The list of functions of Water User’s associations has been provided, the main one of which is the exploitation of on-farm irrigation systems and water distribution between water users.

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Guerra, Antonio José Teixeira, José Fernando Rodrigues Bezerra, Luis Dias da Mota Lima, Jane Karina Silva Mendonça, Tatiana Teixeira Guerra, Christl Buhmann, David Garry Paterson, et al. "Land rehabilitation with the use of biological geotextiles, in two different countries." Sociedade & Natureza 22, no. 3 (December 2010): 431–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1982-45132010000300002.

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This paper assesses the role of biological geotextiles on non-agricultural erosion environments, based on studies in the mine tailings Gauteng Province (South Africa) and urban area of São Luis City (Brazil). Gauteng Province (South Africa) has suffered immense problems related to sustainable rehabilitation of mine dumps. This is a huge challenge, as wastes are highly susceptible to both water and wind erosion. Establishing a grass cover to reduce erosion is the dominant reclamation method. Covering the slopes with biological geotextiles might constitute another option for mining companies to reduce erosion and aid natural re-vegetation. The objective of the waste part of this study was to determine the beneficial effect of palm mat cover on erosion control, using rainfall simulation. Results clearly illustrated that application of palm-mats more than halved the sediment load in runoff, thereby having the potential to effectively stabilize tailing dam slopes. Covering tailings with palm-mats did not reduce runoff or improve water infiltration, however. In São Luis City, biological geotextile mats were constructed from palm leaves which are an effective, sustainable and economically-viable soil conservation technique. At Sacavém Community biological geotextile mats were used in association with barriers of wooden stakes and the construction of terraces along contour lines. The aim is to minimize soil erosion, by intercepting rainfall, retarding runoff velocity and sediment loss.

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Lin, Ciyun, Kang Wang, Dayong Wu, and Bowen Gong. "Passenger Flow Prediction Based on Land Use around Metro Stations: A Case Study." Sustainability 12, no. 17 (August 23, 2020): 6844. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12176844.

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High-density land uses cause high-intensity traffic demand. Metro as an urban mass transit mode is considered as a sustainable strategy to balance the urban high-density land uses development and the high-intensity traffic demand. However, the capacity of the metro cannot always meet the traffic demand during rush hours. It calls for traffic agents to reinforce the operation and management standard to improve the service level. Passenger flow prediction is the foremost and pivotal technology in improving the management standard and service level of metro. It is an important technological means in ensuring sustainable and steady development of urban transportation. This paper uses mathematical and neural network modeling methods to predict metro passenger flow based on the land uses around the metro stations, along with considering the spatial correlation of metro stations within the metro line and the temporal correlation of time series in passenger flow prediction. It aims to provide a feasible solution to predict the passenger flow based on land uses around the metro stations and then potentially improving the understanding of the land uses around the metro station impact on the metro passenger flow, and exploring the potential association between the land uses and the metro passenger flow. Based on the data source from metro line 2 in Qingdao, China, the perdition results show the proposed methods have a good accuracy, with Mean Absolute Percentage Errors (MAPEs) of 11.6%, 3.24%, and 3.86 corresponding to the metro line prediction model with Categorical Regression (CATREG), single metro station prediction model with Artificial Neural Network (ANN), and single metro station prediction model with Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), respectively.

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Marzukhi, Marlyana Azyyati, Dasimah Omar, and Oliver Ling Hoon Leh Hoon Leh. "Re-appraising Regulatory Framework of Planning and Land Law System towards Sustainable Development in Malaysia." Asian Journal of Behavioural Studies 3, no. 9 (January 5, 2018): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v3i9.70.

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This paper is produced from an initial background of a research and based on the outlined objectives: I) to assess the principles of planning law and land law systems in Malaysia as an instrument for sustainable development. II) to identify the shortcomings in the use of present legislative framework and approaches between Town and Country Planning Act 1976 and National Land Code 1965. The paper is purely based on literature review and the current understanding of the regulatory framework with further identification on key problems and conflicts that involved between both laws.Keywords: Planning law; Land law; Sustainable; DevelopmenteISSN 2398-4295 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.

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Musundire, R., C. J. Zvidzai, C. Chidewe, B. K. Samende, and A. Chemura. "Habitats and nutritional composition of selected edible insects in Zimbabwe." Journal of Insects as Food and Feed 2, no. 3 (June 15, 2016): 189–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/jiff2015.0083.

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Edible insects are gaining recognition as food with potential of contributing to attainment of household food security. In sub-Saharan Africa, sustainable use of insects as food is threatened by lack of data on host plants and habitatassociations. In addition, lack of nutritional data on most edible insects reduces consumer confidence and limits integration of insect consumption with other food sources. This study was undertaken to review, collate and assembledispersed information of some edible insects of Zimbabwe. Data on species identities, host plants and habitats weregathered for 14 species from reputable literature sources and Bulawayo Natural History Museum records. In addition, nutritional assessments were carried out on 10 widely consumed insects in Zimbabwe. Standard ecological samplingprocedures were used to collect insect specimens. Proximate analyses were conducted following the Association of Official Analytical Chemists standard procedures using dried pulverised material. Majority (60%) of reviewedinsects had reliable host plants and habitats records. More than half of these were recorded in agro-ecosystems. On dry matter basis, protein content ranged from 22%(Gryllotalpa africana) to 55.4% (Gonimbrasia belina); fat content ranged from 10.8% (G. africana) to 41.6% (Macrotermes natalensis). Ash content was >10% in the ground dwelling G. africana (12.6%) and Eulopida mashona larvae (10.9%). Wide species differences were recorded for carbohydrate content; 0.4% in M. natalensis and 47.2% in G. africana. Carbohydrates content was inversely relatedto protein and fat contents for all insects. Energy and fat contents were positively related in all the insects. Overall, insect species from this study have high proximate constituents that can match plant and animal products diets andcan be considered as potential viable alternative nutritious food sources. Findings from this study are expected to promote greater recognition of insects as food in Zimbabwe and encourage up-scaling of their sustainable utilisation.

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Rubakula, Gelas, Zhanqi Wang, and Chao Wei. "Land Conflict Management through the Implementation of the National Land Policy in Tanzania: Evidence from Kigoma Region." Sustainability 11, no. 22 (November 11, 2019): 6315. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11226315.

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The land policy in Tanzania, which has been implemented since 1995, aims to resolve land-use problems. This study explored the implementation of land policy in rural Tanzania. A cross-sectional multiple data collection technique was performed during the period July–November, 2017 to examine whether the policy has addressed land issues, including land conflicts. The findings indicate a significant association between immigrants and land conflicts, thus implying an insecure land tenure. The results also show that the realization of land policy was hampered by insufficient budgetary allocation and too few land staff to spearhead the land policy and legislation requirements. In view of these findings, this article suggests that the government must mobilize the resources required for registering communal land and simultaneously reinforce the use of social institutions, cultural norms, and adjoining landowners in securing land rights. This decision will encourage the majority of rural landowners (peasants and herdsmen) to invest in their land for higher and sustainable production.

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Lim, Jaewon, and Jae Hong Kim. "Joint Determination of Residential Relocation and Commuting: A Forecasting Experiment for Sustainable Land Use and Transportation Planning." Sustainability 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 182. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11010182.

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This article applies matrix forecasting methods to the investigation of residential relocation and commuting patterns that are highly interconnected, but often analyzed separately. More specifically, using recent inter-county migration and commuting pattern data for the three largest metropolitan areas in California, it examines how residential relocation and commuting are associated in the regions and whether a unified framework—in which household relocation and commuting flow matrices are jointly determined—can improve the forecasting performance. The relocation–commuting association is found to differ substantially by region, suggesting the importance of region-specific factors in shaping the interrelationship. Joint forecasting, however, can attain a higher accuracy compared to the two separate projections, although the forecasting performance varies based on the method employed.

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Shati, Nelson, Ignatio Madanhire, and Emmanuel Mashonjowa. "Selection Criteria for a Tobacco Curing Solar Thermal Collector Energy System in Zimbabwe." South Florida Journal of Development 2, no. 3 (July 7, 2021): 3998–4013. http://dx.doi.org/10.46932/sfjdv2n3-016.

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The main objective of the current paper is to select an appropriate tobacco curing solar thermal collector. Tobacco is the second largest foreign currency earner after gold in Zimbabwe. The crop’s post-harvest activities have adverse effects through application of fossil fuels especially firewood. Firewood and coal burning have negative consequences of increasing the greenhouse effects, air pollution, high levels of deforestation causing subsequent land degradation and soil nutrients depletion. Small-scale tobacco farmers are economically disempowered and resort to use firewood as the main tobacco curing fuel source. In embracing modern trends of going green, introducing solar thermal technology in Zimbabwe becomes a prerequisite. In a survey conducted among small-scale tobacco farmers in July 2020, majority of them unanimously accepted a paradigm shift towards sustainability through adopting tobacco curing solar technologies. The system should be robust, reliable, durable, affordable and sustainable for farmers to have usage confidence and guaranteeing uninterrupted performance as tobacco is temperature and humidity sensitive. The main energy generation component is the solar thermal collector with solar photovoltaic supplying the system’s electricity needs. The paper develops solar technology selection criteria through literature review. Selection made upon reviewing all the factors is the solar thermal air flat-plate collector.

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Mugambiwa, Shingirai, and Jabulani Makhubele. "Anthropogenic flash floods and climate change in rural Zimbabwe: Impacts and options for adaptation." Technium Social Sciences Journal 21 (July 9, 2021): 809–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v21i1.3977.

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Zimbabwe has been affected by numerous floods-related disasters in the recent past. These disasters often left rural communities in difficult socioeconomic situations. Floods are among the major water-related hazards and natural disasters worldwide. They are associated with excess rainfall, resulting in river overflow due to climate change . Developing countries constitute a large number of losses caused by water hazards. Thereby, in these countries, the vulnerabilities of households that depend on rain fed agriculture and livestock production for their livelihoods increases. This review paper seeks to establish the association between anthropogenic flash floods and climate change and unearth the impacts; vulnerabilities and adaptation options associated with anthropogenic flash floods in rural Zimbabwe. The study found that numerous anthropogenic activities perpetuate an increase in flood risk. These include littering, river or dam regulation measures, intensified land use and emissions of greenhouse gases, which subsequently result in global climate change. The impacts of flash floods established in the study include drought, food insecurity, displacements, malnutrition and severe effects on subsistence economy. The study concluded that even though most rural communities in Zimbabwe are vulnerable to the effects of floods, they have devised numerous diverse adaptation strategies to cope with the changes in the environment.

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Shao, Yajing, Xuefeng Yuan, Chaoqun Ma, Ruifang Ma, and Zhaoxia Ren. "Quantifying the Spatial Association between Land Use Change and Ecosystem Services Value: A Case Study in Xi’an, China." Sustainability 12, no. 11 (May 30, 2020): 4449. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12114449.

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The impact of land use and land cover (LULC) change on ecosystem services value (ESV) varies in different spatial locations. Although many studies have focused on quantifying the effect of LULC change on ESV, few have considered the spatial heterogeneity of the relationship between LULC change and ESV. Therefore, this study examines the relationship between ESV and LULC change from a spatial perspective in Xi’an City. We divide the study area into 10,522 grid cells, based on land cover data from 2000 to 2018, and we identify the spatial-temporal dynamics of LULC change. Next, we employ the Benefits Transfer Method (BTM) to evaluate the ESV, and the ESV is corrected by the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). A geographically weighted regression (GWR) model and ordinary least squares (OLS) regression model are used to assess the spatial association of LULC change and ESV. The results show that the total ESV loss is 6.57 billion yuan (Chinese yuan), and the loss rate is 12.18%. The distribution of ESV shows an obvious spatial heterogeneity, and the low-value area of ESV expands eastward from the main urban area. More than 50% of total ESV is provided by woodland. From 2000 to 2018, the land use pattern in Xi’an underwent a significant change with the developed land increasing by 64.09%, whereas farmland decreased by 12.49%. Based on the GWR model, the relationship between LULC change and ESV in Xi’an showed a significant negative association and spatial heterogeneity. Our study results provide a new way to effectively identify the relationship between LULC change and ESV, and in turn, to fully understand the ecological trends at the regional scale, laying a foundation for regional sustainable development.

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Wegrzyn, Victor A. "Sustainable Commercial Vegetable Production with Minimal Use of Synthetic Fertilizers and Pesticides." HortScience 25, no. 2 (February 1990): 170a—170. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.2.170a.

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Sustainable production systems are characterized as systems that can be physically and biologically maintained in perpetuity, can avoid adverse environmental and health problems, and can be economically profitable. Organic vegetable production systems are one example of sustainable farming enterprises. In California, organic production and postharvest handling techniques are closely defined by legislation. Of the several grower groups representing organic farmers in the state, the California Certified Organic Farmers is the largest, representing 382 growers that farmed a total area of 10,375 ha in 1988. Of these, 200 growers are vegetable producers. Another organization active among organic growers in California, as well as Mexico, Central American countries, and the Caribbean, is the Organic Crop Improvement Association. Marketing organizations such as the Nutri-Clean Program, which tests produce for pesticide residues and certifies specific residue standards, and the Organic Market News and Information Service facilitate the sale of organic produce in California. Cultural practice information for organic vegetable production is difficult to find, particularly techniques that would allow a grower to switch from conventional to organic production. University researchers and extension workers have so far been of little help, although the Univ. of California Sustainability Program at Davis is beginning research and education activities. Funding for these activities is inadequate, and the program is understaffed. There is need for long-term, interdisciplinary, on-farm studies to study organic production techniques in a realistic setting. At present, the reward system in place in land-grant institutions offers little encouragement to researchers to engage in this kind of work. There are formidable obstacles to increasing the use of organic materials for crop fertilization. The nutrient content of the state's manure and organic waste supplies is probably insufficient to meet the fertility needs of California's crops. In addition, since the majority of land currently producing vegetable crops in California is leased, long-term soil fertility investments are a risky undertaking.

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Schmidt, Jennifer, Douglas Clark, Nils Lokken, Jessica Lankshear, and Vera Hausner. "The Role of Trust in Sustainable Management of Land, Fish, and Wildlife Populations in the Arctic." Sustainability 10, no. 9 (September 1, 2018): 3124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10093124.

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Sustainable resource management depends on support from the public and local stakeholders. Fish, wildlife, and land management in remote areas face the challenge of working across vast areas, often with limited resources, to monitor land use or the status of the fish-and-wildlife populations. Resource managers depend on local residents, often Indigenous, to gain information about environmental changes and harvest trends. Developing mutual trust is thus important for the transfer of knowledge and sustainable use of land resources. We interviewed residents of eight communities in Arctic Alaska and Canada and analyzed their trust in resource governance organizations using mixed-methods. Trust was much greater among Alaska (72%) and Nunavut (62%) residents than Churchill (23%). Trust was highest for organizations that dealt with fish and wildlife issues, had no legal enforcement rights, and were associated with Indigenous peoples. Local organizations were trusted more than non-local in Alaska and Nunavut, but the opposite was true in Churchill. Association tests and modeling indicated that characteristics of organizations were significantly related to trust, whereas education was among the few individual-level characteristics that mattered for trust. Familiarity, communication, and education are crucial to improve, maintain, or foster trust for more effective management of natural resources in such remote communities.

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Yan, Jinfeng, Ruiming Xiao, Fenzhen Su, Jinbiao Bai, and Feixue Jia. "Impact of Port Construction on the Spatial Pattern of Land Use in Coastal Zones Based on CLDI and LUT Models: A Case Study of Qingdao and Yantai." Remote Sensing 13, no. 16 (August 6, 2021): 3110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13163110.

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Ports are an important type of land use in coastal cities, and the development of ports has a significant influence on the spatial pattern of land use in port cities. However, the research focusing on economic indicators hardly reflects the process of changes in the spatial distribution of land development in coastal port cities. This paper introduces a spatial association rule method to establish a coastline and land development intensity (CLDI) model and land use transfer (LUT) model in the vertical direction of coastal zones to mine the association rules between shoreline change and land development intensity along the sea–land gradient in the Qingdao and Yantai coastal zones and to explore the important land development sequence patterns. The results showed that, in the early stage of regional development, the land development intensity decreased from sea to land. In the later stage, as the industry transferred to nearby towns, the land units with extremely strong and strong levels started to move to the end or middle of the sequence. With the improvement of the urban construction level, the simple LUT pattern sequence that increased building land through the occupation of cultivated land and forestland was replaced gradually by complex sequences with multiple components. The relationship between land development and distance from the port showed that the areas with strong land development intensity gradually moved from coastal to inland areas over time. Port shipping has a profound influence on port city land use patterns. Industrial transfer drives the development of surrounding towns during the metaphase. This trend was used to build a second port to realize the division of transportation capacity, as the old port’s carrying capacity tended to become saturated. This paper revealed the general changes in the important land use patterns in port areas through a comparative study of the Qingdao and Yantai port areas and the differences among different geographical locations and development processes. This study provides a reference for the rational planning of coastal zone spatial layouts and provides a model basis for the analysis of the spatial structure of coastal zones. This information can be used to coordinate the relationship between ports and cities and promote the sustainable development of coastal zones.

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Kaczorowska, Maria. "Przyszłość systemów rejestracji nieruchomości wobec rozwoju inteligentnych technologii. Wybrane problemy prawne na tle wniosków z konferencji „Common Vision Conference 2016. Migration to a Smart World”, Amsterdam, 5–7 czerwca 2016 roku." Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne 15, no. 2 (June 30, 2017): 301–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.25167/osap.1287.

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The development of information technologies offers new possibilities of use of information collected in public registers, such as land registers and cadastres, which play a significant role in establishing the infrastructure for spatial information. Efficient use of spatial information systems with the purpose of a sustainable land management shall be based on en suring the interconnection of different information resources, data exchange, as well as a broad access to data. The role of land registration systems in the context of technological advancement was the subject of the Common Vision Conference 2016. Migration to a Smart World, held on 5–7 June 2016 in Amsterdam. The conference was organized by Europe’s five leading mapping, cadastre and land registry associations, cooperating within a “Common Vision” agreement: EuroGeographics, Permanent Committee on Cadastre, European Land Registries Association, European Land Information Service and Council of European Geodetic Surveyors. The discussion during the conference focused on topics regarding the idea of smart cities, marine cadastre, interoperability of spatial data, as well as the impact of land registers and cadastres on creating the infrastructure for spatial information and developing e-government, at both national and European levels. The paper aims to present an overview of issues covered by the conference and also to highlight some important problems arising from implementing advanced technology solutions in the field of land registration.

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Bwama Meyi, Marcel, Viviane Musungay, Grégoire Mashala Bitwakamba, and Romeo Ciminello. "Evaluation Of Soja Productivity (Imperial Variete And Canada) In Association With Maize (Bamboo Variete) In The Ecological Conditions Of Sustainable Use Of Sake / Nord Kivu." European Journal of Sustainable Development 8, no. 3 (October 1, 2019): 475. http://dx.doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2019.v8n3p475.

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With a view to using land capital in an efficient and effective manner with a view to encouraging sustainable development in this ecological area of North Kivu; and to help minimize land-use conflicts, we have thought of establishing a combination of crops (soybean and maize) as a technique that can help maximize yields / ha and household income, while maintaining the fertility gradient of the soil. The effectiveness of Soybean-maize associations offers interesting prospects for improving the sustainability of production systems.The trial was arranged in randomized randomized blocks with 5 treatments and 3 replicates. For this study we used 2 soybean varieties that are: imperial and canada, with a variety of corn (bamboo).The arrangement of the association was of the type MBILI-MOJA which means two Soya lines intercepted by a corn line. The parameters studied were the phenological and productive parameters which are: survey rate, neck diameter, height at flowering, number of leaves per foot, average number of pods per plant for soybean, average number of seeds of soybean pod, percentage of pod burst, soybean biomass removal, number of ears per plant, weight of 100 soybean and corn seeds, plot production (in kg), yield per tonne per hectare and the LER.The GENSTAT descovery software allowed us to analyze the variance of our data and the averages were separated using the PPDS at the 5% threshold.The performance of the associations was as follows:Imperial: 1,6 L.E.R =, L.E.R> 1 (there is a productive advantage in this association with corn bamboo); Canada: 2,33 LER =, LER> 1 (there is a productive advantage in this association with bamboo maize.) In both cases, there is maintenance of biodiversity and soil fertility.with maize as the imperial variety, that of 2.33 by the performance of LER. Fertility of the soil has been maintained from this technique which promotes soil and atmospheric nitrogen which crops need for their growth and productivity. Keywords: Soybean, maize, Association, Development sustainability, LER, SAKE / North Kivu

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Shutes, B., J. B. Ellis, D. M. Revitt, and L. N. L. Scholes. "Constructed wetlands in UK urban surface drainage systems." Water Science and Technology 51, no. 9 (May 1, 2005): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2005.0281.

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This paper presents the outcome of an inventory of planted wetland systems in the UK which are classified according to land use type and are all examples of sustainable drainage systems. The introduction of constructed wetlands to treat surface runoff essentially followed a 1997 Environment Agency for England and Wales report advocating the use of “soft engineered” facilities including wetlands in the context of sustainable development and Agenda 21. Subsequently published reports by the UK Construction Industry Research and Information Association (CIRIA) have promoted the potential benefits to both developer and the community of adopting constructed wetlands and other vegetated systems as a sustainable drainage approach. In addition, the UK Environment Agency and Highways Agency (HA) have recently published their own design criteria and requirements for vegetative control and treatment of road runoff. A case study of the design and performance of a constructed wetland system for the treatment of road runoff is discussed. The performance of these systems will be assessed in terms of their design criteria, runoff loadings as well as vegetation and structure maintenance procedures. The differing design approaches in guidance documents published in the UK by the Environment Agency, CIRIA and HA will also be evaluated.

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Taylor, G., I. S. Donnison, D. Murphy-Bokern, M. Morgante, M.-B. Bogeat-Triboulot, R. Bhalerao, M. Hertzberg, et al. "Sustainable bioenergy for climate mitigation: developing drought-tolerant trees and grasses." Annals of Botany 124, no. 4 (September 13, 2019): 513–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcz146.

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Abstract Background and Aims Bioenergy crops are central to climate mitigation strategies that utilize biogenic carbon, such as BECCS (bioenergy with carbon capture and storage), alongside the use of biomass for heat, power, liquid fuels and, in the future, biorefining to chemicals. Several promising lignocellulosic crops are emerging that have no food role – fast-growing trees and grasses – but are well suited as bioenergy feedstocks, including Populus, Salix, Arundo, Miscanthus, Panicum and Sorghum. Scope These promising crops remain largely undomesticated and, until recently, have had limited germplasm resources. In order to avoid competition with food crops for land and nature conservation, it is likely that future bioenergy crops will be grown on marginal land that is not needed for food production and is of poor quality and subject to drought stress. Thus, here we define an ideotype for drought tolerance that will enable biomass production to be maintained in the face of moderate drought stress. This includes traits that can readily be measured in wide populations of several hundred unique genotypes for genome-wide association studies, alongside traits that are informative but can only easily be assessed in limited numbers or training populations that may be more suitable for genomic selection. Phenotyping, not genotyping, is now the major bottleneck for progress, since in all lignocellulosic crops studied extensive use has been made of next-generation sequencing such that several thousand markers are now available and populations are emerging that will enable rapid progress for drought-tolerance breeding. The emergence of novel technologies for targeted genotyping by sequencing are particularly welcome. Genome editing has already been demonstrated for Populus and offers significant potential for rapid deployment of drought-tolerant crops through manipulation of ABA receptors, as demonstrated in Arabidopsis, with other gene targets yet to be tested. Conclusions Bioenergy is predicted to be the fastest-developing renewable energy over the coming decade and significant investment over the past decade has been made in developing genomic resources and in collecting wild germplasm from within the natural ranges of several tree and grass crops. Harnessing these resources for climate-resilient crops for the future remains a challenge but one that is likely to be successful.

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Ortiz-Marquez, Juan Cesar Federico, Mauro Do Nascimento, Maria de los Angeles Dublan, and Leonardo Curatti. "Association with an Ammonium-Excreting Bacterium Allows Diazotrophic Culture of Oil-Rich Eukaryotic Microalgae." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 78, no. 7 (January 20, 2012): 2345–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.06260-11.

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ABSTRACTConcerns regarding the depletion of the world's reserves of oil and global climate change have promoted an intensification of research and development toward the production of biofuels and other alternative sources of energy during the last years. There is currently much interest in developing the technology for third-generation biofuels from microalgal biomass mainly because of its potential for high yields and reduced land use changes in comparison with biofuels derived from plant feedstocks. Regardless of the nature of the feedstock, the use of fertilizers, especially nitrogen, entails a potential economic and environmental drawback for the sustainability of biofuel production. In this work, we have studied the possibility of nitrogen biofertilization by diazotrophic bacteria applied to cultured microalgae as a promising feedstock for next-generation biofuels. We have obtained anAzotobacter vinelandiimutant strain that accumulates several times more ammonium in culture medium than wild-type cells. The ammonium excreted by the mutant cells is bioavailable to promote the growth of nondiazotrophic microalgae. Moreover, this synthetic symbiosis was able to produce an oil-rich microalgal biomass using both carbon and nitrogen from the air. This work provides a proof of concept that artificial symbiosis may be considered an alternative strategy for the low-N-intensive cultivation of microalgae for the sustainable production of next-generation biofuels and other bioproducts.

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Sheikh, Ripon, Md Akramul Islam, Arifa Sharmin, Rahul Biswas, and Joydeb Kumar. "Sustainable Agroforestry Practice in Jessore District of Bangladesh." European Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences 3, no. 1 (January 9, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejfood.2021.3.1.150.

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The systematic Agroforestry practice is being popular day by day in Monirampur Upazilla of Jessore district of Bangladesh. Considering this situation, the present research work was conducted with a view to know agroforestry practice and to find out the potentialities of agroforestry based on sustainability. Multistage sampling technique method by using semi-structured questionnaires was followed in the field survey to collect data and information in the year of 2014-2016 from 140 respondents in Monirampur Upazilla of Jessore district in Bangladesh to fulfill the purpose of the research. The results showed that most of the respondents are middle aged (45%), education level is primary (32%) with medium size family (54%) and 74% of the respondents are involved in agriculture. Communication exposure is very low (70%) with low organizational participation (55%). The results illustrated that the respondents preferred homestead agroforestry (55%) as their major land use practice followed by livestock under tree cover (16%), tree crop association (13%), boundary plantation (9%) and woodlot agroforestry (7%) in the research area. Besides, 80% respondents get all benefits (environmental, social, economic, and biological) followed by economic benefit directly (10%), social benefit directly (5%), environmental benefit directly (3%), and biological benefit directly (2%). Most of them (90%) get security, employment generation and household income which accelerate their livelihood pattern. Majority respondents (64%) showed more favorable attitudes, 29% respondents showed favorable attitudes, only 7% showed neutral attitudes and no one shows negative attitudes towards agroforestry. Housing condition, proper sanitation, and asset possessions before practicing agroforestry were 40%, 77% and 35% respectively and after practicing agroforestry that changed condition are 75%,100% and 60% which revealed that peoples are benefitted due to practice of agroforestry. The result also revealed that majority primary educated respondents are involved in agriculture with medium size family mostly practiced mixed agroforestry around homestead along with livestock under tree cover, tree crop association, boundary plantation, woodlot agroforestry through possessing more favorable attitudes which ensures environmental, social, economical, biological benefits, enhance livelihood pattern, security, employment, household income etc. But communication exposure and organizational participation should be increased to adopt more technique and technology. Thus, agroforestry improve the proper utilization of resources; enhance environmentally friendly, socio-economic sustainable production system and livelihood which is socially reasonable and economically feasible through diversification of input and output which reflects that agroforestry is a sustainable system in Bangladesh.

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Campos-Sánchez, Francisco Sergio, Francisco Javier Abarca-Álvarez, Javier Molina-García, and Palma Chillón. "A GIS-Based Method for Analysing the Association Between School-Built Environment and Home-School Route Measures with Active Commuting to School in Urban Children and Adolescents." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 7 (March 29, 2020): 2295. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072295.

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In the current call for a greater human health and well-being as a sustainable development goal, to encourage active commuting to and from school (ACS) seems to be a key factor. Research focusing on the analysis of the association between environmental factors and ACS in children and adolescents has reported limited and inconclusive evidence, so more knowledge is needed about it. The main aim of this study is to examine the association between different built environmental factors of both school neighbourhood and home-school route with ACS of children and adolescents belonging to urban areas. The ACS level was evaluated using a self-reported questionnaire. Built environment variables (i.e., density of residents, street connectivity and mixed land use) within a school catchment area and home-school route characteristics (i.e., distance and pedestrian route directness—PRD) were measured using a geographic information system (GIS) and examined together with ACS levels. Subsequently, the association between environmental factors and ACS was analysed by binary logistic regression. Several cut-off points of the route measures were explored using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. In addition, the PRD was further studied regarding different thresholds. The results showed that 70.5% of the participants were active and there were significant associations between most environmental factors and ACS. Most participants walked to school when routes were short (distance variable in children: OR = 0.980; p = 0.038; and adolescents: OR = 0.866; p < 0.001) and partially direct (PRD variable in children: OR = 11.334; p < 0.001; and adolescents: OR = 3.513; p < 0.001), the latter specially for children. Mixed land uses (OR = 2.037; p < 0.001) and a high density of street intersections (OR = 1.640; p < 0.001) clearly encouraged adolescents walking and slightly discouraged children walking (OR = 0.657, p = 0.010; and OR = 0.692, p = 0.025, respectively). The assessment of ACS together with the environmental factors using GIS separately for children and adolescents can inform future friendly and sustainable communities.

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Amiril, Assa, Abdul Hadi Nawawi, Roshana Takim, and Siti Nur Farhana Ab. Latif. "Sustainability Factors and Performance." Asian Journal of Quality of Life 3, no. 9 (January 6, 2018): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajqol.v3i9.86.

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A Transportation infrastructure projects often involve the considerable land use and huge resource that can cause serious impacts to the environment and social dislocation. Hence, implementation of sustainable factors is essential. This paper attempts (1) to review infrastructure project sustainability factor and performance, and (2) to propose a framework o relationship between the sustainability factors and performance for railway projects in Malaysia. The results from the literature show that sustainability factors and performance can be categorized under environment, economic, social, engineering/resource utilization and project managementKeywords: Transportation; infrastructure project; sustainability factors; sustainability performanceeISSN 2398-4279 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.

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Firozjaei, Mohammad Karimi, Solmaz Fathololoumi, Qihao Weng, Majid Kiavarz, and Seyed Kazem Alavipanah. "Remotely Sensed Urban Surface Ecological Index (RSUSEI): An Analytical Framework for Assessing the Surface Ecological Status in Urban Environments." Remote Sensing 12, no. 12 (June 24, 2020): 2029. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12122029.

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Urban Surface Ecological Status (USES) reflects the structure and function of an urban ecosystem. USES is influenced by the surface biophysical, biochemical, and biological properties. The assessment and modeling of USES is crucial for sustainability assessment in support of achieving sustainable development goals such as sustainable cities and communities. The objective of this study is to present a new analytical framework for assessing the USES. This analytical framework is centered on a new index, Remotely Sensed Urban Surface Ecological index (RSUSEI). In this study, RSUSEI is used to assess the USES of six selected cities in the U.S.A. To this end, Landsat 8 images, water vapor products, and the National Land Cover Database (NLCD) land cover and imperviousness datasets are downloaded for use. Firstly, Land Surface Temperature (LST), Wetness, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), and Normalized Difference Soil Index (NDSI) are derived by remote sensing methods. Then, RSUSEI is developed by the combination of NDVI, NDSI, Wetness, LST, and Impervious Surface Cover (ISC) with Principal Components Analysis (PCA). Next, the spatial variations of USES across the cities are evaluated and compared. Finally, the association degree of each parameter in the USES modeling is investigated. Results show that the spatial variability of LST, ISC, NDVI, NDSI, and Wetness is heterogeneous within and between cities. The mean (standard deviation) value of RSUSEI for Minneapolis, Dallas, Phoenix, Los Angeles, Chicago and Seattle yielded 0.58 (0.16), 0.54 (0.17), 0.47 (0.19), 0.63 (0.21), 0.50 (0.17), and 0.44 (0.19), respectively. For all the cities, PC1 included more than 93% of the surface information, which is contributed by greenness, moisture, dryness, heat, and imperviousness. The highest and lowest mean values of RSUSEI are found in “Developed, High intensity” (0.76) and “Developed, Open Space” (0.35) lands, respectively. The mean correlation coefficient between RSUSEI and LST, ISC, NDVI, NDSI, and Wetness, is 0.47, 0.97, −0.31, 0.17, and −0.27, respectively. The statistical significance of these correlations is confirmed at 95% confidence level. These results suggest that the association degree of ISC in USES modeling is the highest, despite the differences in land cover and biophysical characteristics in the cities. RSUSEI could be very useful in modeling and comparing USES across cities with different geographical, climatic, environmental, and biophysical conditions and can also be used for assessing urban sustainability over space and time.

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Proto, Andrea R., Giuseppe Zimbalatti, Lorenzo Abenavoli, Bruno Bernardi, and Soraya Benalia. "Biomass Production in Agroforestry Systems: V.E.Ri.For Project." Advanced Engineering Forum 11 (June 2014): 58–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.11.58.

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The biomass for energy purposes, coming from agroforestry systems and timber industry, can provide various environmental and socio-economic benefits. Among all renewable energy sources, agroforestry biomass represents both an important alternative source to fossil fuels and an opportunity for the socio-economic development of various marginal areas in Italy. In particular, agroforestry is a collective name of land use systems in which woody perennials are grown in association with herbaceous plants and/or livestock in a spatial arrangements, a rotation, or both in which there are both ecological and economic interactions between the tree and the non-tree components of the system. Estimating availability of biomass resources is important to assess bioenergy production potential and so bioenergy contribution to annual energy demand. In the supply of biomass to energy use, the planning of operations is the basis for sustainable development of agroforest system. Most existing forest practice rules and recommendations did not anticipate this increased extraction of woody biomass and offer no specific guidance on how much removal is healthy for ecosystems. Intensification of biomass utilization, particularly for energy and fuel needs, presents a range of potential environmental risks. Therefore, the research focuses on development of guidelines for increasing a sustainable biomass supply chain at local scale, in order to facilitate energy planning that considers the local system carrying capacity and the potential of substitution of fossil fuels.

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Simoniello, Christina, Philippe Tissot, David McKee, John Adams, Robyn Ball, and Raymond Butler. "A Cooperative Approach to Resource Management: Texas Game Fish Win." Marine Technology Society Journal 44, no. 5 (September 1, 2010): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.44.5.5.

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AbstractJust as humans succumb to hypothermia, fishes can die if their core body temperature falls below their lower lethal limit. Record-setting cold weather in the southern United States between January 8 and 12, 2010, put numerous recreational game fish species at risk, particularly those living in the shallow, rapidly cooled waters of the Laguna Madre, Texas. Cognizant of the danger of barge traffic in the Land Cut, a section of the Intracoastal Waterway in the Laguna Madre, poses to cold-stressed fishes, Gulf Intracoastal Canal Association (GICA) members voluntarily sacrificed $7,000 per tow to protect the resource. Described here is the collaboration among academics at Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, Texas A&M University, industry leaders from the Gulf Intracoastal Canal Association, and conservationists from the Coastal Conservation Association Texas, which led to the pooling of financial and human resources to mitigate game fish mortalities during a recent extreme cold weather event, or norther, as Texans refer to it. A new water temperature forecasting tool, in development and tested in this partnership, is discussed in terms of ecosystem-based management, of which a key component is engaging multiple stakeholders in a collaborative process to define problems and find solutions. The partnership exemplifies the mission of the developing U.S. Integrated Ocean Observing System and Gulf of Mexico Coastal Ocean Observing System Regional Association to use data and tools to provide information, to deliver that information to decision makers in a timely manner, and to make and implement decisions that promote sustainable use of resources.

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Ganguly, K., and G. Ravi Shankar. "Geo-Environmental Appraisal For Studying Urban Environment And Its Associated Biophysical Parameters Using Remote Sensing And GIS Technique." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-8 (November 28, 2014): 717–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-8-717-2014.

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This study investigated the influences of urbanization on urban ecological and thermal environment as well as the relationships of all the biophysical parameters with each other utilizing multi-temporal datasets of CORONA (1967), Landsat TM (1992 and 2009), Landsat ETM+ (2002), IRS R2 LISS-3 (2012) and Landsat 8 (2014). The urban environmental issues related to land use and land cover, greenness, surface wetness and impervious surface were assessed using change detection, SAVI, MNDWI and IBI models respectively. The land surface temperature (LST) was also retrieved from thermal infrared band of each Landsat TM, ETM+ and Landsat 8. Based on these parameters, the urban expansion, urban heat island effect and the relationships of LSTs to other biophysical parameters were analyzed. Results indicate the area ratio of impervious surface in Pune sub-urban zone increased significantly, which grew from 1.41 % in 1967 to 8.47 % in 1992 and further to 22.45 % and 44.7 % in 2002 and 2014 respectively. Simultaneously, the intensity of urban heat island increased in observed years. A correlation analyses revealed that, the association of impervious surface to other two variables i.e. greenness and land surface wetness is negatively correlated (R2 = 0.616 and 0.607 respectively). Whereas, LST possessed a strong positive correlation with impervious surfaces (R2 = 0.658). The present study provided an integrated research approach and the outcome of the study is very useful in environmental modelling and sustainable development of urban areas and natural resources conservation.

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Islam, Sabrina, C. Emdad Haque, Shakhawat Hossain, and David Walker. "Association among ecological and behavioural attributes, dengue vector and disease control: a cross-sectional study of the city of Dhaka, Bangladesh." International Health 12, no. 5 (November 30, 2019): 444–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/inthealth/ihz079.

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Abstract Background This study examines vector density, the prevailing knowledge, awareness, attitudes and practice (KAAP) of community members regarding dengue disease and their willingness to pay (WTP) for vector control in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Methods A population-based, cross-sectional study design was followed: (i) an entomological survey was carried out in 727 randomly selected households in 12 wards, representing four urban ecological zones and (ii) a survey of 330 household heads was conducted to study their KAAP. The χ2 test and multinomial logistic regression (MLR) were applied to investigate factors associated with WTP and other variables. Results The Stegomyia indices significantly vary among the urban zones, revealing that the paved and built areas with concentrated public/commercial services have the highest mosquito density. Most respondents (93.9%) knew about dengue and its severity (90.3%); however, many of them were unaware (79.3%) about the types of mosquitoes causing dengue. MLR modelling reveals that average spending per month for mosquito control, household income and knowledge about the effects of land use and seasonality on dengue were significantly associated with the WTP for controlling the dengue vector. Conclusions Concerted efforts should be made to increase awareness about dengue transmission and develop community-based sustainable dengue vector control programmes involving both the public and private sectors.

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Gusakov, E. V. "Theoretical and methodological basis of megacluster development of agro-industrial complex." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Agrarian Series 57, no. 2 (May 18, 2019): 151–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/1817-7204-2019-57-2-151-161.

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The local and world practice shows that clustering as a form of association of business entities for development of industrial and business activities is an important direction for development of agri-food sector, as well as the arrangement of territories based on efficient use of land, labor, material, technical and financial resources. The article dwells of studies of theoretical and methodological basis of megacluster development of agro-industrial complex. It has been determined that currently four possible concepts (paradigms) can be applied regarding agro-industrial complex (AIC): AIC as a self-sufficient system, AIC as a megacorporation, AIC as a specific market, AIC as a separate society. Study has been carried out and an integrated layout has been designed for arrangement and functioning of an integrated management system for agro-industrial complex sustainable development. Groups of factors determining stability of short-term and long-term development of agro-industrial complex as a megacluster are identified. A number of principles for sustainable functioning of agro-industrial complex as a megacluster were formed: Infrastructure balance, management system improvement, rational territorial and intrasectoral distribution of production, balanced agro-industrial production in terms of resources, etc. These principles and their interpretation have been formulated for agro-industrial complex as a megacluster for the first time. Their novelty consists both in aggregate selection, reflecting stable functioning of agro-industrial complex as a megacluster under new conditions, and in reflecting the most significant aspects of megacluster's activity being the main links in its sustainable functioning chain.

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Fresán, Ujué, Winston J. Craig, Miguel A. Martínez-González, and Maira Bes-Rastrollo. "Nutritional Quality and Health Effects of Low Environmental Impact Diets: The “Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra” (SUN) Cohort." Nutrients 12, no. 8 (August 9, 2020): 2385. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12082385.

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Current dietary patterns are negatively affecting both the environment and people’s health. Healthy diets are generally more environmentally friendly. However, few studies have focused on the health consequences of diets with low environmental impact. We analyzed differences in the dietary composition (types of food, macro- and micro-nutrients) of those diets with high and low environmental impact, according to greenhouse gas emission and resources use (water, land and energy) using data from a Spanish cohort (17,387 participants), collected by means of a validated food frequency questionnaire. Cox analyses were used to assess the association of dietary environmental impact with total mortality risk. At a given level of energy intake, diets with lower environmental impact contained higher amounts of plant-based foods and lower levels of animal-derived products. Less polluting diets involved higher amounts of polyunsaturated fats and dietary fiber and lower amounts of saturated fats and sodium. However, diets associated with less environmental damage also contained more added sugars, but lower levels of vitamin B12, zinc and calcium. We did not detect any association between dietary environmental impact and risk of mortality. Diets should not only produce minimal environmental impact, but the maximum overall benefits for all key dimensions encompassed in sustainable diets.

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Sadiq, M. S., N. Karunakaran, and I. P. Singh. "DYNAMICS OF ROOT AND TUBER CROPS ACREAGE ALLOCATION AND YIELD ADJUSTMENT IN NIGERIA." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 7, no. 2 (February 28, 2019): 144–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v7.i2.2019.1016.

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This paper empirically studied the growth pattern and supply response of root and tuber crops farmers in Nigeria using annual time series data sourced from FAO database. The data spanned from 1961-2014 and covered area, yield and price of yam, cassava and potatoes crops. The data were analyzed using the growth model, instability index, production decomposition analysis model and Engel-Granger two-step model. Findings showed that area was responsible for the paradigm shift in the production of selected root and tuber crops in Nigeria and not productivity which is very essential for sustainable agriculture due to shrinking of land resource owing to competing demand for its use as evidenced by incessant attacks of herdsmen on arable crop farmers. Generally, the farmers respond to price incentives in reallocating their area and adjusting their yield for all the selected crops. It was also observed that acreage and yield for all the selected crops had long-run association with the price and non-price factors; likewise, it established long-run equilibrium. So the need for price forecast mechanism to checkmate cob-web cycle which affects the balance between supply and demand for the root and tuber crops in the country and increase in production of crops achieved by increasing productivity of land-combination of technology and efficiency in the utilization of resources is recommended.

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Rezaeian, Bita, Mohammad Rahim Rahnama, Jafar Javan, and Omid Ali Kharazmi. "The Impact of Built Environment Characteristics on Energy Consumption Using Geographically Weighted Regression in Mashhad, Iran." Journal of Sustainable Development 10, no. 5 (September 29, 2017): 198. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v10n5p198.

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Concerns over rising fuel consumption have prompted research into the influences of built environments on travel behavior. On the basis of data from origin-destination(OD) travel survey data of Mashhad (74287 trip data in 2011) and using Geographically Weighted Regression, socio-demographic characteristics, are shown to be strongly and positively associated with the fuel consumption per capita (car ownership elasticity=0.347878); we also found a positive association between distance to center and designs that are not pedestrian friendly with fuel consumption (average block size=0.147489, distance to center =0.334953) Although the study demonstrates a moderately strong negative elasticity between population density and the fuel consumption(population density = -0.259335). It suggests that the largest energy consumption reductions would come from creating compact communities which have land-use diversity and more walkable areas with pedestrian cycling infrastructure around all of the stations along transit lines.In order to enhance a sustainable urban plan, the socio-economic driving factors should be considered as one of the main element of energy consumption as well.

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MOHAMMED, ESSAM YASSIN, INA PORRAS, MARYANNE GRIEG-GRAN, LUIZA LIMA, AFRIANO SOARES, JOÃO TEZZA NETO, and VIRGILIO VIANA. "ASSESSING PREFERENCES FOR COMPENSATION PACKAGES USING THE DISCRETE CHOICE METHOD: THE CASE OF THE BOLSA FLORESTA PROGRAM IN AMAZONAS, BRAZIL." Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 15, no. 04 (December 2013): 1350021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s146433321350021x.

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Natural ecosystems, including forest ecosystems, continue to be degraded or converted at an alarming rate. To complement or substitute regulatory approaches to ecosystem management, market-based instruments such as "payments for ecosystem services" (PES) have been introduced and are gaining popularity. One of the prominent PES schemes in the world is the Bolsa Floresta Program (BFP) in the State of Amazonas, Brazil. The BFP was established by the Government of the State of Amazonas through its Secretariat for Environment and Sustainable Development in 2006 and is implemented by the Amazonas Sustainable Foundation. The BFP, which is a voluntary program to reduce deforestation and promote sustainable development by rewarding the communities for changing their land use practices, has four main components: the Bolsa Floresta Income; Bolsa Floresta Social; Bolsa Floresta Family; and Bolsa Floresta Association. A study was conducted to assess the preferences of the participating households in three reserves, namely: Rio Negro, Juma, and Uatumã, for different payment packages with varying combinations of the bolsas relative to the status quo option. The discrete choice method and an open ended question format were used to elicit the preferences of the participant households. The discrete choice model results showed that the majority of the respondents (about 80 per cent) in the three reserves chose an alternative which offered a 20 per cent increase in direct cash payments to households as their most preferred alternative. On the other hand, the majority of respondents who were subjected to open question stated that they would like to see an increase in benefits that fall under the Bolsa Floresta Social category.

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Racault, Abdulaziz, George, Menon, C, Punathil, McConville, et al. "Environmental Reservoirs of Vibrio cholerae: Challenges and Opportunities for Ocean-Color Remote Sensing." Remote Sensing 11, no. 23 (November 24, 2019): 2763. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11232763.

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The World Health Organization has estimated the burden of the on-going pandemic of cholera at 1.3 to 4 million cases per year worldwide in 2016, and a doubling of case-fatality-rate to 1.8% in 2016 from 0.8% in 2015. The disease cholera is caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae that can be found in environmental reservoirs, living either in free planktonic form or in association with host organisms, non-living particulate matter or in the sediment, and participating in various biogeochemical cycles. An increasing number of epidemiological studies are using land- and water-based remote-sensing observations for monitoring, surveillance, or risk mapping of Vibrio pathogens and cholera outbreaks. Although the Vibrio pathogens cannot be sensed directly by satellite sensors, remotely-sensed data can be used to infer their presence. Here, we review the use of ocean-color remote-sensing data, in conjunction with information on the ecology of the pathogen, to map its distribution and forecast risk of disease occurrence. Finally, we assess how satellite-based information on cholera may help support the Sustainable Development Goals and targets on Health (Goal 3), Water Quality (Goal 6), Climate (Goal 13), and Life Below Water (Goal 14).

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Maas, Suzanne, Paraskevas Nikolaou, Maria Attard, and Loukas Dimitriou. "Heat, Hills and the High Season: A Model-Based Comparative Analysis of Spatio-Temporal Factors Affecting Shared Bicycle Use in Three Southern European Islands." Sustainability 13, no. 6 (March 16, 2021): 3274. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13063274.

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Bicycle sharing systems (BSSs) have been implemented in cities worldwide in an attempt to promote cycling. Despite exhibiting characteristics considered to be barriers to cycling, such as hot summers, hilliness and car-oriented infrastructure, Southern European island cities and tourist destinations Limassol (Cyprus), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (Canary Islands, Spain) and the Valletta conurbation (Malta) are all experiencing the implementation of BSSs and policies to promote cycling. In this study, a year of trip data and secondary datasets are used to analyze dock-based BSS usage in the three case-study cities. How land use, socio-economic, network and temporal factors influence BSS use at station locations, both as an origin and as a destination, was examined using bivariate correlation analysis and through the development of linear mixed models for each case study. Bivariate correlations showed significant positive associations with the number of cafes and restaurants, vicinity to the beach or promenade and the percentage of foreign population at the BSS station locations in all cities. A positive relation with cycling infrastructure was evident in Limassol and Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, but not in Malta, as no cycling infrastructure is present in the island’s conurbation, where the BSS is primarily operational. Elevation had a negative association with BSS use in all three cities. In Limassol and Malta, where seasonality in weather patterns is strongest, a negative effect of rainfall and a positive effect of higher temperature were observed. Although there was a positive association between BSS use and the number of visiting tourists in Limassol and Malta, this is predominantly explained through the multi-collinearity with weather factors rather than by intensive use of the BSS by tourists. The linear mixed models showed more fine-grained results and explained differences in BSS use at stations, including differences for station use as an origin and as a destination. The insights from the correlation analysis and linear mixed models can be used to inform policies promoting cycling and BSS use and support sustainable mobility policies in the case-study cities and cities with similar characteristics.

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Wu, Xueying, Yi Lu, Yaoyu Lin, and Yiyang Yang. "Measuring the Destination Accessibility of Cycling Transfer Trips in Metro Station Areas: A Big Data Approach." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 15 (July 24, 2019): 2641. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16152641.

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Cycling is a green, sustainable, and healthy choice for transportation that has been widely advocated worldwide in recent years. It can also encourage the use of public transit by solving the “last-mile” issue, because transit passengers can cycle to and from transit stations to achieve a combination of speed and flexibility. Cycling as a transfer mode has been shown to be affected by various built environment characteristics, such as the urban density, land-use mix, and destination accessibility, that is, the ease with which cyclists can reach their destinations. However, cycling destination accessibility is loosely defined in the literature and the methods of assessing cycling accessibility is often assumed to be equivalent to walking accessibility using the same decay curves, such as the negative exponential function, which ignores the competitive relationship between cycling and walking within a short distance range around transit stations. In this study, we aim to fill the above gap by measuring the cycling destination accessibility of metro station areas using data from more than three million bicycle-metro transfer trips from a dockless bicycle-sharing program in Shenzhen, China. We found that the frequency of bicycle-metro trips has a positive association with a trip distance of 500 m or less and a negative association with a trip distance beyond 500 m. A new cycling accessibility metric with a lognormal distribution decay curve was developed by considering the distance decay characteristics and cycling’s competition with walking. The new accessibility model outperformed the traditional model with an exponential decay function, or that without a distance decay function, in predicting the frequency of bicycle-metro trips. Hence, to promote bicycle-metro integration, urban planners and government agencies should carefully consider the destination accessibility of metro station areas.

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Xiao, Yiping, Yan Song, and Xiaodong Wu. "How Far Has China’s Urbanization Gone?" Sustainability 10, no. 8 (August 20, 2018): 2953. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10082953.

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China’s rapid urbanization has attracted wide international attention. However, it may not be sustainable. In order to assess it objectively and put forward recommendations for future development, this paper first develops a four-dimensional Urbanization Quality Index using weights calculated by the Deviation Maximization Method for a comprehensive assessment and then reveals the spatial association of China’s urbanization by Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis. The study leads to three major findings. First, the urbanization quality in China has gradually increased over time, but there have been significant differences between regions. Second, the four aspects of urbanization quality have shown the following trends: (i) the quality of urban development has steadily increased; (ii) the sustainability of urban development has shown a downward trend in recent years; (iii) the efficiency of urbanization improved before 2006 but then declined slightly due to capital, land use, and resource efficiency constraints; (IV) the urban–rural integration deteriorated in the early years but then improved over time. Third, although the urbanization quality has a significantly positive global spatial autocorrelation, the local spatial autocorrelation varies between eastern and western regions. Based on these findings, this paper concludes with policy recommendations for improving urbanization quality and its sustainability in China.

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TWOMLOW, STEVE, BEKELE SHIFERAW, PETER COOPER, and J. D. H. KEATINGE. "INTEGRATING GENETICS AND NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT FOR TECHNOLOGY TARGETING AND GREATER IMPACT OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH IN THE SEMI-ARID TROPICS." Experimental Agriculture 44, no. 2 (April 2008): 235–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479708006340.

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SUMMARYGood management of natural resources is the key to good agriculture. This is true everywhere – and particularly in the semi-arid tropics, where over-exploitation of fragile or inherently vulnerable agro-ecosystems is leading to land and soil degradation, productivity decline, and increasing hunger and poverty. Modern crop varieties offer high yields, but the larger share of this potential yield can only be realized with good crop management. The International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), working over a vast and diverse mandate area, has learned one key lesson: that technologies and interventions must be matched not only to the crop or livestock enterprise and the biophysical environment, but also with the market and investment environment, including input supply systems and policy. Various Natural Resource Management (NRM) technologies have been developed over the years, but widespread adoption has been limited for various reasons: technical, socio-economic and institutional. To change this, ICRISAT hypothesizes that ‘A research approach, founded on the need to integrate a broad consideration of technical, socio-economic and institutional issues into the generation of agricultural innovations will result in a higher level of adoption and more sustainable and diverse impacts in the rainfed systems of the semi-arid tropics.’ Traditionally, crop improvement and NRM were seen as distinct but complementary disciplines. ICRISAT is deliberately blurring these boundaries to create the new paradigm of IGNRM or Integrated Genetic and Natural Resource Management. Improved varieties and improved resource management are two sides of the same coin. Most farming problems require integrated solutions, with genetic, management-related and socio-economic components. In essence, plant breeders and NRM scientists must integrate their work with that of private and public sector change agents to develop flexible cropping systems that can respond to rapid changes in market opportunities and climatic conditions. The systems approach looks at various components of the rural economy – traditional food grains, new potential cash crops, livestock and fodder production, as well as socio-economic factors such as alternative sources of employment and income. Crucially the IGNRM approach is participatory, with farmers closely involved in technology development, testing and dissemination. ICRISAT has begun to use the IGNRM approach to catalyse technology uptake and substantially improve food security and incomes in smallholder farm communities at several locations in India, Mali, Niger, Vietnam, China, Thailand and Zimbabwe.

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Yao, Jing, Ya Ping Wang, and Xiaoxiang Zhang. "Spatial Patterns of Urban Expansion in Chinese Cities." Abstracts of the ICA 1 (July 15, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-419-2019.

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Abstract. China has experienced high rate urbanization in recent years, with urban population increased from 460 to 750 million and the built-up area of metropolis expanded by almost 60% since 2000. Urban landscape has been dramatically changed by intensified inner-city development and urban sprawl. In recent years, the changes in urban form has transformed from expansion to restructuring. A good understanding of urban expansion and spatial restructuring as a consequence of urbanization has important policy implications, enhancing the knowledge of spatial variations in urban growth in transitional Chinese cities and assisting with sustainable urban and regional planning.Using the Landsat satellite images from 1995 to 2015, this research explores urban expansion and its spatial patterns in second-tier Chinese cities, taking Tianjin, Hangzhou and Chengdu as examples, which are the leaders in the urbanization in Northern, Eastern and Western China, respectively. The study area includes the city proper in the three case study cities. Figure 1 shows the expansion of urban area in the three cities over the study time period. By visual inspection, it can be observed that the spatial pattern of urban land use growth varies across the three cities. For example, Tianjin has been largely expanding towards the east, particularly the Tianjin Binhai New Area, which has been rapidly developed into a new city core. The city of Chengdu seems having been expanding toward all directions of the surrounding area, integrated with the adjacent towns into a larger urban agglomeration. Further work will focus on quantitative analysis of the spatial patterns of urban expansion using geographical information system (GIS)-based spatial analytics, as well as the association between urban expansion and socioeconomic changes, with a reflection on the role of national/local policies.

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Häner, Raphael, Gabriella Ries, Stefan Vögtli, and Philipp Schoch. "Eine Vorwärtsstrategie für Buchenholz ist eine Vorwärtsstrategie für Waldeigentümer (Essay)." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 170, no. 4 (July 1, 2019): 189–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2019.0189.

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A strategy for beech wood is a strategy for forest owners (essay) In the two cantons of Basel-Land and Basel-Stadt, there are about 8.2 million m3 of growing stock, of which 3.2 million m3 or 40% is beech. Due to general economic conditions, in recent decades forest owners have had increasing difficulty in adding value to their wood. To remedy this situation, they contributed to the construction of the Basel wood-fired heating plant, which has been producing heat and energy from about 100 000 loose cubic metres (lcm; 36 000 m3) of forest wood from the two Basel cantons and about 140 000 lcm forest wood and waste wood from the surrounding area every year since 2008. In 2012, they launched the project “Building with Beech”, which aims to replace concrete and steel in building construction with beech lumber. The plant in question – Fagus Suisse SA – became operational this year. As a result, the forest owners of the two Basel cantons are no longer only producers of wood in the rough, but also stakeholders in the wood processing industry. However, measures in the field of wood processing are not enough to bring forestry enterprises back to profitability. They need a strategy to give value to other forest ecosystem services. The association WaldBeiderBasel has developed a catalogue of services that highlights the possibilities in this area. The key to success for the forest enterprises lies in recognising their own strengths and particularities and in intelligent cooperation with the private sector. It is important that forest owners and forest enterprises adapt to the needs of society and that their forest management practices demonstrate the sustainable use of natural resources.

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W. Bruno, KABORE, SOULAMA Soungalo, BAMBARA Dasmané, BEMBAMBA Michel, and HIEN Edmond. "Effet de Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth. et Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Kunth ex Walp. sur les paramètres de fertilité du sol." Journal of Applied Biosciences 156 (December 26, 2020): 16078–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.35759/jabs.156.2.

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Objectif : L’agroforesterie est l’une des techniques permettant d’atténuer les effets néfastes de la dégradation des terres. Cette étude vise à évaluer le potentiel agroforestier de deux espèces de légumineuses Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth. et Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Kunth ex Walp., promues dans l’agroforesterie. Méthodologie et résultats : Pour cela les paramètres physico-chimiques et biologiques des sols sous houppier et hors houppier de Albizia lebbeck et Gliricidia sepium ont été caractérisés. Des tests de comparaison de moyennes, une ANOVA à mesures répétées et une analyse en composante principale (ACP) ont permis de comparer les sols sous houppier et hors houppier des deux espèces. Les résultats montrent que Albizia lebbeck et Gliricidia sepium ont eu un effet positif sur la biomasse microbienne, l’activité respiratoire et la densité de spores des sols (P< 0,05). Albizia lebbeck et Gliricidia sepium ont également induit une amélioration des paramètres physico-chimiques des sols sous houppiers. Conclusion et application des résultats : Ces résultats permettent de conclure que l’utilisation des deux espèces de ligneuses en association avec les cultures garantit une exploitation durable des sols. Ces résultats peuvent servir à améliorer la production végétale en agroforesterie. Mots clés : Fertilité des sols, agroforesterie, Albizia lebbeck ; Gliricidia sepium; Burkina Faso ABSTRACT Effect of Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth. and Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Kunth ex Walp. on soil fertility parameters Objective: Agroforestry is one of the techniques to mitigate the negative effects of land degradation. This study aims to assess the agroforestry potential of two species of legumes Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth. and Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Kunth ex Walp., promoted in agroforestry. Methodology and Results: For this, the physico-chemical and biological parameters of the soils under the crown and outside the crown of Albizia lebbeck and Gliricidia sepium were characterized. Comparison of means tests, repeated measures ANOVA and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to compare the soils under crown and outside the crown of the two species. The results show that Albizia lebbeck and Gliricidia sepium had a positive effect on microbial biomass, respiratory activity and soil spores’ density (P Kabore et al., J. Appl. Biosci. 2020 Effet de Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth. et Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Kunth ex Walp. sur les paramètres de fertilité du sol 16079 <0.05). Albizia lebbeck and Gliricidia sepium also induced an improvement in the physico-chemical parameters of soils under crowns. Conclusion and application of results :These results allow to conclude that the use of the two woody species in association with the cultures guarantees a sustainable use of soils. These results can be used to improve crop production in agroforestry. Keywords: soil fertility, agroforestry, Albizia lebbeck; Gliricidia sepium; Burkina Faso

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Cory, Michael John. "Connecting users to trusted geospatial information for Europe." Abstracts of the ICA 1 (July 15, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-52-2019.

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Abstract. In recent years, we have seen an explosion in location-based services. Whether it is maps, cadastral data or land registration, geospatial information is driving applications to realise social, economic and environmental benefits for us all. Yet in the age of ‘Big Data’ and the ‘Internet of Things’, how can we know which data sources are reliable and how easy is it to find accurate, high-quality and detailed information that we can trust? Knowing that reliable sources exist, and where to obtain them, is essential for governments and those making critical decisions that affect all our lives. As the official bodies responsible for national cadastre, land registration, geodetic surveying and mapping activities in Europe, European national mapping and cadastral agencies (NMCAs) fulfil an essential role providing definitive and detailed geospatial information. In an ever-changing world, NMCAs play an important and often critical role in helping to address the key global and regional issues that affect society, such as climate change, sustainable development, a digital economy, migration, security and health. With these challenges extending beyond national borders, society now expects a borderless digital economy and property market, as well as fully connected national databases for stronger cross-border emergency planning and environmental monitoring. As their membership association, EuroGeographics is committed to supporting European NMCAs as they improve access to their rich source of trusted, authoritative geospatial information. EuroGeographics is an independent international not-for-profit organisation representing Europe’s National Mapping, Cadastral and Land Registration Authorities. We believe in a society empowered by the use of trusted geospatial services from these official national sources. EuroGeographics strength lies in our extensive membership and we are proud to represent more than 60 organisations from 46 countries covering the whole of geographical Europe. We deliver benefits for each regardless of the geographical, technical, political, organisational, linguistic and business parameters in which they work. We support the public good by representing our members’ interests, maintaining networks that help our members improve their capabilities and role, and by facilitating access to and use of our members’ geospatial data and services. EuroGeographics’ has the strategic objective of facilitating access to our members’ authoritative data for international users of harmonised, pan-European, geospatial information and services. It coordinates the compilation and production of pan-European datasets, and has been active in exploring the development of online services. The Open European Location Services (Open ELS) project has developed services to demonstrate and test the level of interest in pan-European authoritative geospatial information. EuroGeographics has coordinated this two-year project which was co-financed by the European Union’s Connecting Europe Facility working with partners from member organisations in Finland, Germany, Great Britain, Norway, Poland, Spain, Sweden and The Netherlands. The Project has focused on facilitating access to, and encouraging the take up and use of this information, and is strongly user orientated with a programme of activities to support the digital economy. As well as test services, an Open ELS data policy has been developed which applies only to the geospatial pan-European data and services developed and maintained by EuroGeographics and its members through the Open ELS Project. The Policy was drafted using research which revealed the scope of open geospatial data from official national sources across Europe, and revealed the diversity of policy, business and legal approaches across Europe to what is ‘open’ data. Additional research, carried out by Deloitte and EuroGeographics, found that small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) in Europe have a strong appetite for more cross-border authoritative data which could help them improve their product and service offerings, save money and become more competitive. The research highlighted four potential benefits from providing harmonised single access to pan-European geospatial information: The possibility to improve existing products and services offering; the possibility to develop new products and services; the reduced time and costs of dealing with different national mapping and cadastral agencies; and the reduced time and costs for acquiring and accessing data. Key findings from these research activities will be presented, along with an outline of the project, and what it has achieved.

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Effendy, Rochmad, Rofiqul Amin, and Ginanjar Indra Kusuma Nugraha. "Meningkatkan Kinerja Kelembagaan Organisasi Air Minum Berbasis Masyarakat Himpunan Penduduk Pengguna Air Minum HIPPAM." ETHOS (Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian) 8, no. 1 (January 31, 2020): 5252. http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/ethos.v8i1.5252.

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Abstract. Clean water is an indicator of life and quality of human life. It is no wonder that the provision of clean water and sanitation is included in the sixth goal of the 17 items Sustainable Development Goals agreed in the UN General Assembly Resolution by 193 Member States and global civil society on 25 September 2015. Unfortunately this mulya goal has not been fully achieved, especially for residents of Malang Regency. Data released by the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) of Malang Regency shows that households that still use river / rain water as a necessity of life reached 0.44 and 0.54 in 2016 and 2017. Those included in this category are residents of Segenggeng Hamlet, Wonokerso Village Pakisaji District. As a result of the poverty that plagued which was then exacerbated by the contours of the land in their area which required them to dig 50 meters more to obtain ground water. For the process of managing this service, the Mangga 2 Water User Occupation Association (HIPPAM) was formed as a continuation of the Mangga 1 clean water supply program which was established in mid-2010 in the Wonokerso sub-village. The capacity of the built water reservoir can accommodate 15 thousand cubic meters to serve 365 households in 10 RTs and two RWs. However there are several obstacles encountered; (1) Institutional; This community-based clean water mining organization does not yet have a legal entity; (2) The financial administration and administration of the HIPPAM secretariat are simple and not yet neatly archived. (3) Structured formal communication with customers and stakeholders has not been carried out properly. This is evidenced by the large arrears in account payments. Through this Community Partnership Program a draft of the initial draft of the Statutes and by-laws has been prepared by a drafting team representing all elements of the community. They can do this after participating in a series of training activities from authorized sources. Also, the capacity of individual administrators has increased by providing some printed materials as guidelines for working with water services. The performance of the institution is also the case through the provision of a computer that functions for the operational SIM application for payment of drinking water tariffs. Communication with customers that had not previously been carried out has also been carried out.Keywords: HIPPAM; Provision of Community-Based Drinking Water; Community Self-Reliance Institutions; National Program for Community Empowerment in Urban AreasAbstrak. Air bersih merupakan indikator kehidupan dan kualitas kehidupan manusia. Tidak heran kalau penyediaan air bersih dan sanitasi (Clean water and Sanitation) dimasukkan dalam tujuan keenam dari 17 butir Sustainable Development Goals (tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan) yang telah disepakati dalam Resolusi Majelis Umum PBB oleh 193 Negara Anggota dan masyarakat sipil global tanggal 25 September 2015. Sayang tujuan mulya ini belum sepenuhnya tercapai terutama untuk warga Kabupaten Malang. Data yang dikeluarkan Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) Kabupaten Malang menunjukkan rumah tangga yang masih menggunakan air sungai/ hujan sebagai kebutuhan kehidupan mencapai 0,44 dan 0,54 pada tahun 2016 dan 2017. Mereka yang termasuk dalam kategori ini adalah penduduk Dusun Segenggeng Desa Wonokerso Kecamatan Pakisaji. Akibat kemiskinan yang mendera yang kemudian diperburuk dengan kontur tanah di wilayah mereka yang mengharuskan mereka untuk menggali 50 meter lebih untuk memperoleh air tanah. Untuk proses pengelolaan layanan ini dibentuk Himpunan Pendudukan Pengguna Air Minum (HIPPAM) Mangga 2 sebagai kelanjutan dari program pengadaan air bersih Mangga 1 yang telah yang didirikan pertengahan 2010 di dusun Wonokerso. Kapasitas tandon air yang terbangun dapat menampung 15 ribu meter kubik dapat melayani 365 rumah tangga di 10 RT dan dua RW. Namum ada beberapa kendala yang dihadapi; (1) Kelembagaan ; organisasi pengambangan air bersih berbasis masyarakat ini belum memiliki badan hukum; (2)Administrasi keuangan dan ketata usahaan sekretariat HIPPAM yang sederhana dan belum rapi terarsipkan. (3) Komunikasi formal terstruktur dengan pelanggan dan stakeholder belum terlaksanan dengan baik. Ini dibuktikan dengan banyakanya tunggakan pembayaran rekening. Lewat Program Kemitraan Masyarakat ini telah tersusun sebuah naskah draft awal Anggaran Dasar dan Anggaran Rumah Tangga oleh tim penyusun yang mewakili semua unsur warga masyarakat. Mereka dapat melakukan ini setelah mengikuti serangkaian kegiatan pelatihan dari nara sumber yang berwenang. Juga kapasitas individu pengurus telah meningkat dengan memberikan beberapa materi cetak sebagai panduan kerja layanan air minum. Kinerja lembaga juga demikian lewat pemberian satu komputer yang berfungsi untuk operasional SIM aplikasi rekening pembayaran tarif air minum. Komunikasi dengan pelanggan yang sebelumnya belum pernah dilaksanakan juga telah dilakukan.Kata Kunci : HIPPAM; Penyediaan Air Minum Berbasis Masyarakat ; Lembaga Keswadayaan Masyarakat; Program Nasional Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Mandiri Perkotaan

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Knode, Tom. "Technology Focus: Health, Safety, and Environment (August 2021)." Journal of Petroleum Technology 73, no. 08 (August 1, 2021): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/0821-0055-jpt.

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In some respects, the prospect of returning to some degree of normality is evident on the horizon. However, climate and the future of energy show little sign of a return to prepandemic normalcy. The future of our energy system is being transformed, and oil and gas are crucial for energy stability as well as the transformation. One of the miracles over the past year has been the accumulated knowledge around the human genome and application of this science to the rapid development of efficacious vaccines. As within oil and gas, humans can rise to the challenge to solve complex problems when identified. This is playing out as we see societal drivers around climate change and net-zero carbon emissions. Over the past year, SPE produced 11 events focused on the energy transition and continued the development of the Gaia Sustainability Program initiated by the SPE Health, Safety, Environment, and Sustainability (HSES) discipline. It is now a thriving community of SPE members across all disciplines committed to enabling and empowering all members and other interested parties who wish to engage in the alignment of the future of energy with sustainable development. An on-demand library of Gaia Talks and other resources has been built using the strategic programming framework (www.spe.org/en/gaia). Advances in our understanding and application of technology, and the development of those who can use it to better the world, are highlighted in the selections made for this month’s Technology Focus—genome sequencing of invasive species, technology to identify fatigue, and development of human capital for the industry in Kazakhstan. We must not forget the key element in any strategic improvement of performance: the human being. This starts with developing human capital at the university level. The industry is also working on progressing our understanding and application of human factors and human performance. As mentioned in the October 2020 JPT, the oil and gas industry has formed the Human Performance Oil and Gas (HPOG) alliance modeled after the very successful Dropped Objects Prevention Scheme program. The return to a more-normal life also means that our traditional conference model can reengage membership. Face-to-face meetings accelerate networking and the transfer of knowledge, which is core to the SPE mission. Events focusing on HSES this year include a planned in-person gathering the first week of November: HSES Focus on the Future—Responding to Changes and How the HSES Function Will Grow (3–5 November). This event will primarily cover health, environment, and sustainability with one panel on land transportation safety. It is strategically planned for the same week and at the same hotel in Fort Worth, Texas, where the American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers will hold its first Joint Congress on Safety (1–3 November). A key element in building strategies within the SPE HSES discipline is the future of the function. Leading the efforts around this will be the newly formed HSES Executive Advisory Committee (EAC). This EAC, led by Fawaz (Fuzzy) Bitar, senior vice president of HSE and carbon at BP and former chair of the International Association of Oil and Gas Producers, includes HSE leadership from various upstream operators and contractors and will help with guidance and direction for SPE HSES Technical Director Annamaria Petrone. The EAC will hold a meeting and participate in plenary panels during the SPE HSES event in November. Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org. SPE 202737 6×6 Occupational Health Hazard Risk Rating Matrix: A Useful Tool in the Determination of Risk Levels of Workplace Health Hazards by Bufford Ang, Abu Dhabi National Oil Company, et al. OTC 30840 Self-Certification and Safety Compliance for Robotics Platforms by Osama Farouk Zaki, Heriot-Watt University, et al. SPE 201312 Long-Term, Periodic Aerial Surveys Cost-Effectively Mitigate Methane Emissions by Sri Sridharan, Pioneer Natural Resources, et al.

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Vinh, Pham Quang, Nguyen Thi Thu Ha, Nguyen Thanh Binh, Nguyen Ngoc Thang, La Thi Oanh, and Nguyen Thien Phuong Thao. "Developing algorithm for estimating chlorophyll-a concentration in the Thac Ba Reservoir surface water using Landsat 8 Imagery." VIETNAM JOURNAL OF EARTH SCIENCES 41, no. 1 (January 8, 2019): 10–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/0866-7187/41/1/13542.

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This study aims at developing a regional algorithm to quantify chlorophyll-a concentration (Chla) in the Thac Ba Reservoir surface-water using Landsat 8 imagery basing on in-situ data of Chla and above-water reflectance taken in both dry and rainy seasons 2018. In situ datasets obtained from 30 water sampling sites show a strong correlation (R2=0.73) with the reflectance ratio of two Landsat 8 (L8) bands, the green band (band 3: B3) versus the red band (band 4: B4), B3 / B4, by an exponential equation. The algorithm for estimating Chla using this ratio was well-matched up the validation using multiple-dates in-situ datasets (R2 = 0.82; RMSE ~ 5%) and was then applied to L8 images level 2 acquired in both dry and rainy seasons to understand the spatiotemporal distribution of Chla over the reservoir. Obtained maps of Chla present clearly two trends: (1) Chla in the reservoir water in the dry season (averaged at 15.3 mg/m3) is relatively lower than those in the rainy season (averaged at 17.0 mg/m3); (2) In both seasons, Chla increased from water area in front of the Chay River mouth to the center of the reservoir. The algorithm and method outlined in this study could be applied to monitoring Chl in other inland waters having similar features as the Thac Ba Reservoir water.ReferencesAPHA, 1998. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 20th edition. American Public Health Association, Washington DC, 1220p.Bac N.A., Viet N.D., Ha N.T.T., Huong H.T.T., 2017. Identifying eutrophication status of shallow waters based on estimated trophic state index from satellite data. Journal of Science and Technology, 55(4C), 85-89.Bernardo N., Watanabe F., Rodrigues T., Alcântara E., 2017. Atmospheric correction issues for retrieving total suspended matter concentrations in inland waters using OLI/Landsat-8 image. Advances in Space Research, 59(9), 2335-2348.Boucher J., Weathers K.C., Norouzi H., Steele B., 2018. Assessing the effectiveness of Landsat 8 chlorophyll a retrieval algorithms for regional freshwater monitoring. Ecological Applications, 28(4), 1044-1054.Carlson R.E., 1977. A trophic state index for lakes1. Limnology and oceanography, 22(2), 361-369.Carlson R.E., Simpson J., 1996. A coordinator’s guide to volunteer lake monitoring methods. North American Lake Management Society, 96, 305.DWR - Directorate of Water Resource, 2017. Report on weather conditions, water supplies, flood control and irrigations security No. 49/BC-TCTL-QLCT to Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development (in Vietnamese) on October 16th, Hanoi, Vietnam. Gholizadeh M.H., Melesse A.M., Reddi L., 2016. A comprehensive review on water quality parameters estimation using remote sensing techniques. Sensors, 16(8), 1298.Gitelson A., Stark R., Oron G., Dor I., 1997. Monitoring of polluted water bodies by remote sensing. IAHS Publications-Series of Proceedings and Reports-Intern Assoc Hydrological Sciences, 242, 181-188.Ha N.T.T., Koike K., 2011. Integrating satellite imagery and geostatistics of point samples for monitoring spatio-temporal changes of total suspended solids in bay waters: application to Tien Yen Bay (Northern Vietnam). Frontiers of Earth Science, 5(3), 305.Kutser T., 2009. Passive optical remote sensing of cyanobacteria and other intense phytoplankton blooms in coastal and inland waters. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 30(17), 4401-4425.Kutser T., 2012. The possibility of using the Landsat image archive for monitoring long time trends in coloured dissolved organic matter concentration in lake waters. Remote Sensing of Environment, 123, 334-338.Michelutti N., Blais J.M., Cumming B.F., Paterson A.M., Rühland K., Wolfe A.P., Smol J.P., 2010. Do spectrally inferred determinations of chlorophyll a reflect trends in lake trophic status?. Journal of Paleolimnology, 43(2), 205-217.Mobley C.D., 1999. Estimation of the remote-sensing reflectance from above-surface measurements. Applied Optics, 38(36), 7442-7455.Nhung P.T., Canh B.D., Ha N.T.T., Linh N.T., 2016. Modeling spatial-temporal distribution of total suspended solids concentrations in Day Estuary water using Landsat 8 Imagery. Proceeding of the 7th International Symposium Hanoi Geoengineering 2016 on Energy and Sustainability, Hanoi, October 21-22, 69-75.Olmanson L.G., Bauer M.E., Brezonik P.L., 2008. A 20-year Landsat water clarity census of Minnesota's 10,000 lakes. Remote Sensing of Environment, 112(11), 4086-4097.Padisák J., Borics G., Grigorszky I., Soroczki-Pinter E., 2006. Use of phytoplankton assemblages for monitoring ecological status of lakes within the Water Framework Directive: the assemblage index. Hydrobiologia, 553(1), 1-14.Palmer S.C., Kutser T., Hunter P.D., 2015. Remote sensing of inland waters: Challenges, progress and future directions. Remote Sens. of Environ. Special Issue: Remote Sensing of Inland Waters, 157(1), 1-8.Quang N.H., Sasaki J., Higa H., Huan N.H., 2017. Spatiotemporal Variation of Turbidity Based on Landsat 8 OLI in Cam Ranh Bay and Thuy Trieu Lagoon, Vietnam. Water, 9(8), 570.Son N.H., Anh B.T, Thuy N.T.T, 2000. Investigation of the Fisheries in Farmer-Managed Small Reservoir in Thai Nguyen and Yen Bai Province. Proceedings of an International Workshop on Reservoir and Culture-based Fisheries: Biology and Management. Bangkok, Thailand 15-18 February, 246-257.Tebbs E.J., Remedios J.J., Harper D.M., 2013. Remote sensing of chlorophyll-a as a measure of cyanobacterial biomass in Lake Bogoria, a hypertrophic, saline-alkaline, flamingo lake, using Landsat ETM+. Remote Sensing of Environment, 135, 92-106.Thuy D.B., Canh B.D., Ha N.T.T., Thao N.T.P., Nhi B.T., 2016. Modeling spatial distribution of total suspended solids concentration in Ha Long Bay water during the first quarter of 2016 using co-kriging interpolation and auxiliary data from Landsat 8 imagery. Proceeding of the 7th International Symposium Hanoi Geoengineering 2016 on Energy and Sustainability, Hanoi, October 21-22, 148-153.Tiwari S.P., Shanmugam P., Ahn Y.H., Ryu J.H., 2012. A Reflectance Model for Relatively Clear and Turbid Waters. Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research, 3(1), 325-337.UNEP, 2014. Review of existing water quality guidelines for freshwater ecosystems and application of water quality guidelines on basin level to protect ecosystems. Technical background document for theme 1: “Water Quality and Ecosystem Health”. First International Environment Forum for Basin Organizations towards Sustainable Freshwater Governance, 26-28 November 2014, Nairobi, Kenya.US Environmental Protection Agency, 2009. National lakes assessment: a collaborative survey of the nation's lakes, 103p.Vermote E., Justice C., Claverie M., Franch B., 2016. Preliminary analysis of the performance of the Landsat 8/OLI land surface reflectance product. Remote Sensing of Environment, 185, 46-56.Watanabe F., Alcantara E., Rodrigues T., Rotta L., Bernardo N., Imai N., 2018. Remote sensing of the chlorophyll-a based on OLI/Landsat-8 and MSI/Sentinel-2A (Barra Bonita reservoir, Brazil). Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 90(2), 1987-2000.Yang Z., Anderson Y., 2016. Estimating chlorophyll-a concentration in a freshwater lake using Landsat 8 Imagery. J. Environ. Earth Sci., 6(4), 134-142.

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Silitonga, Mirdat, Herien Puspitawati, and Istiqlaliyah Muflikhati. "MODAL SOSIAL, COPING EKONOMI, GEJALA STRES SUAMI DAN KESEJAHTERAAN SUBJEKTIF KELUARGA PADA KELUARGA TKW." JKKP (Jurnal Kesejahteraan Keluarga dan Pendidikan) 5, no. 1 (April 17, 2018): 20–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/jkkp.051.03.

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The achievement of family well - being is an aspiration of all families including families of migrant workers, to achieve the well - being of one of the ways that the families of migrant workers with the departure of the wife work as domestic servants in various countries. The purpose of this study was to analyze social capital, economic coping, sress symptomâ€™s husband and family subjektive well - being of women migrant workers. This research use cross sectional studies. The location was chosen purposively in Tanggeung Village, Pagermaneuh Village, Margaluyu Village, Karangtengah Village, Tanggeung District and Pasirdalam Village Kadupandak District, Cianjur, West Java, Indonesia. Seventy five families were selected purposively among the families of women migrant workers. The finding indicates that social capital is in the moderate category, the coping economy is in the moderate category, the sress symptomâ€™s husband is in the low category and the family well-being is in the low category. Finding in this study family subjective well-being is influenced by income per capita, sress symptomâ€™s husband and economic coping. Keywords: economic coping, family subjective well-being, social capital, stress symptom Abstrak Kesejahteraan keluarga merupakan sesuatu yang ingin dicapai seluruh keluarga, termasuk keluarga Tenaga Kerja Wanita (TKW), untuk mencapai kesejahteraan tersebut salah satu cara yang dilakukan oleh keluarga TKW adalah mengirim istri sebagai pembantu rumah tangga di berbagai negara. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis modal sosial, coping ekonomi, gejala stres suami, dan kesejahteraan subjektif keluarga TKW. Penelitian ini menggunakan cross sectional studies. Lokasi dipilih dengan metode purposive di Provinsi Jawa Barat, Kabupaten Cianjur, Kecamatan Tanggeung, Desa Pagermaneuh, Desa Marguluyu, Desa Karangtengah, Desa Tanggeung, Kecamatan Kadupandak, Desa Pasirdalam. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 75 keluarga TKW dengan metode purposive sampling. Penelitian ini menemukan modal sosial berada pada kategori sedang, coping ekonomi berada pada kategori sedang, gelaja stres suami berada pada kategori rendah, dan kesejahteraan subjektif berada pada kategori rendah. Penelitian ini juga menemukan kesejahteraan keluarga berpengaruh terhadap pendapatan perkapita, gelaja stres suami, dan coping ekonomi. Kata kunci : coping ekonomi, gejala stres, kesejahteraan subjektif, modal sosial. References [BPS] Badan Pusat Statistik. 2016. Data provinsi termiskin 2016. Berita Resmi Statistik [internet]. 4 Januari 2016. [diunduh 2016 September 7]; Tersedia pada: http://www.bps.go.id. [BPS] Badan Pusat Statistik Jawa Barat. 2016. Garis Kemiskinan Menurut Kabupaten/Kota di Jawa Barat (Rp/kapita/bulan), 2005-2014. Berita Resmi Statistik [internet]. 4 Januari 2016, [diunduh 2016 September 7]; Tersedia pada: http://jabar.bps.go.id. Alfiasari. 2008. Analisis modal sosial dalam pemberdayaan ekonomi keluarga miskin di Kelurahan Kedung Jaya, Kecamatan Tanah Sareal, Kota Bogor. Vol. 1 no. 1 edisi Januari. Bogor (ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor. Borner, Shively J, Wunder G, Wyman S. 2012. How do rural households respond to economic shocks? Insights from hierarchical analysis using global data. International Association of Agricultural Economists. Casey L. 2013. Stress and wellbeing in Australia survey 2013. Australian Psychological Society Carbonell A F. 2005. Income and well-being: an empirical analysis of the comparison income effect. Journal of Public Economics: 89 (2005) 997 â€“ 1019. Coleman J S. 1988. â€œSocial capital in the creation of human capital.â€ American Journal of Sociology 94 (Supplement): S95-S120. Celia M, Lenore M. 2004. Somali Women and Well-Being: Social Networks and Social Capital among Immigrant Women in Australia. Human Organization. Vol. 63 :88 Djohan R. 2008. Leader & Social Capital : Lead to Togetherness. Jakarta: Fund Asia Education Debebe Z, Mebratie A, Sparrow R, Abebaw D, Dekker M, Alemu G, Bedi A. 2013. Coping with shocks in rural Ethiopia. Working Paper. African Studies Centre. Dercon S. 2000. Income risk, coping strategies and safety nets. Background paper World Development Report 2000/01: Centre for the Study of African Economies, Oxford University, Department of Economics Diener E, Tay L. 2013. Rising Income and the Subjective Well-Being of Nations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology: Vol. 104, No. 2, 267â€“276 DOI: 10.1037/a0030487 Dwyer A, Cummings A. 2001. Stress, Self-Efficacy, Social Support, and Coping Strategies in University Students. Canadian Journal of Counselling. Vol. 35:3 Ersado L, Alderman H, Alwang J. 2014. Changes in Consumption and Saving Behavior before and after Economic Shocks: Evidence from Zimbabwe. http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/380136 Fujiwara F, Kawachi I. 2008. Social Capital and Health A Study of Adult Twins in the U.S. American Journal of Preventive Medicine. Vol. 35: 2 Garcia M, McDowell T. 2010. Mapping Social Capital: A Critical Contextual Approach For Working with Low-Status Families. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy. Vol. 36 No. 1: 96. 10.1111/j.1752-0606.2009.00188.x Grootaert C. 1999. Social capital, household walfare and poverty in Indonesia. Working Paper, No.6. Washington DC, USA: The World Bank. Social Development Department. Hasanah U, Nadiroh, Neolaka A. 2017. The Influence of Couple Interaction, Roles Differences, and Social-Economic Status on Motherâ€™s Stress Coping. American Scientific Publisher. Vol. 23 10868 â€“ 10870. Helliwell J F, Huang H, Wang S. 2013. Social Capital and Well-Being in Times of Crisis. Journal Happiness Study: DOI 10.1007/s10902-013-9441-z Headey B, Wooden Mark. 2004. The Effects of Wealth and Income on Subjective Well-Being and Ill-Being. Melbourne Institute of Applied and Social Research: IZA DP No. 1032. Hyyppa M. T, Maki J. (2003). Social participation and health in a community rich in stock of social capital. Health Education Research, 18(6), 770â€“779. Hossain S. 2006. Poverty, household strategies, and coping with urban life: examining livelihood framework in Dhaka City, Bangladesh. Bangladesh e-Journal of Sociology, Vol. 2, No. 1. Jain A K, Giga S I, Cooper C L. 2013. Stress, Health and Well-Being: The Mediating Role of Employee and Organizational Commitment. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health: doi:10.3390/ijerph10104907 Jaya, Sumertajaya I M, 2008, Pemodelan persamaan struktural dengan partial least square. Semnas Matematika dan Pendidikan Matematika. Vol. 1 118 - 132 Jha R, Nahrajan H K, Pradhan K. 2012. Household Coping Strategies and Welfare: Does Governance Matter? NCAER Working Papers on Decentralisation and Rural Governance in India. Krantz. 2001. The Sustainable Livelihood Approach to Poverty Reduction. Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency Kawachi I. 2006 Commentary: social capital and health: making the connections one step at a time. Int J Epidemiol. Vol. 35:989 â€“93. Lazarus, R S, Folkman, S, 1984. Stress, Appraisal, and Coping. New York: Springer. Mohnen S, Beate V B, Flap H, Subramanian S, Groenewegen P. 2015. The Influence of Social Capital on Individual Health: Is it the Neighbourhood or the Network?. Soc Indic Res. Vol. 121:195â€“214 DOI 10.1007/s11205-014-0632-8 Markovic, M, Manderson, L. (2002). Crossing national boundaries: Social identity formation among recent immigrant women in Australia from former Yugoslavia. Identity: An International Journal of Theory and Research, 2, 303-316. Puspitawati H. 2012. Gender dan Keluarga. Bogor (ID): IPB Press. ____________. 2013. Ekologi Keluarga: Konsep dan Lingkungan. Bogor (ID): IPB Press. ____________. 2013. Pengantar Studi Keluarga. Bogor (ID): IPB Press. Puspitawati H, Herawati T. 2013. Metode Penelitian Keluarga. Bogor (ID): IPB Press. Rebecca P, Crnic K A, Cox M J, Mills W R. 2013. The Family Model Stress and Maternal Psychological Symptoms: Mediated Pathways From Economic Hardship to Parenting. Journal of Family Psychology: DOI: 10.1037/a0031112 Rosidah U, Hartoyo, Istiqlaliyah. 2012. Kajian strategi koping dan perilaku investasi anak pada keluarga buruh pemetik melati gambir. Jurnal Ilmu Keluarga dan Konsumen, Vol. 5, No. 1. Stevenson B, Wolfers J. 2013. Subjective Well-Being and Income: Is There Any Evidence of Satiation? American Economic Review. 103(3): 598â€“604 http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.103.3.598 Welsh J A, Berry H L. 2009. Social capital and mental health and well-being. National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University Wills E, Orozco L, Forero C, Pardo O, Andonova V. 2011. The relationship between perceptions of insecurity, social capital and subjective well-being: Empirical evidences from areas of rural conflict in Colombia. The Journal of Socio-Economics. Vol. 40 88â€“96 Yip W, Subramanian S. V, Mitchell A D, Lee D, Wang J, Kawachi I. 2007. Does social capital enhance health and well-being? Evidence from rural China. Journal Social Science & Medicine: 35 â€“ 49

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Lee, Benjamin. "Sustainable land use: A farm forester's perspective." Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association, January 1, 2007, 107–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.33584/jnzg.2007.69.2698.

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With its first National Annual General Meeting in 1955, The New Zealand Farm Forestry Association was formed by farmers interested in planting trees for a variety of reasons: soil erosion control, shade and shelter for livestock, timber and round wood production for use on farm and logs for sale.

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49

Chivasa, Norman. "Sustainability of food production support services offered by Sustainable Agriculture Trust to subsistence farmers in Bikita District, Zimbabwe." Jàmbá: Journal of Disaster Risk Studies 11, no. 1 (May 20, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/jamba.v11i1.526.

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In developing countries, food production challenges continue to persist, despite interventions at household levels such as input provision to address farmers’ resource constraints and training in conservation farming to improve land use and management by farmers. In Bikita District of Zimbabwe, concerns over the viability of conservation farming and input support services in helping out subsistence farmers to mitigate food production challenges remain unresolved. This research, therefore, evaluated the sustainability of support services offered by the Sustainable Agriculture Trust to subsistence farmers taking Ward 13 of Bikita District as a case study. Data collection involved two qualitative methods, namely structured interviews and focus group discussions, with 32 household heads comprising 18 women and 14 men. Results showed that the capacity by subsistence farmers to continue practising conservation farming using retained maize, sorghum and cowpea seed varieties and still produce better yields even after the Sustainable Agriculture Trust’s exit justify the hypothesis that conservation farming is a sustainable food production intervention. This study therefore concludes that the proficiency by subsistence farmers in Ward 13 of Bikita District carries the implication that training household heads in conservation farming means developing more subsistence farmers capable of producing their own food even amidst unpredictable rains, heat waves and shortening rainfall seasons.

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Ncube-Phiri, Siduduziwe, Alice Ncube, Blessing Mucherera, and Mkhululi Ncube. "Artisanal small-scale mining: Potential ecological disaster in Mzingwane District, Zimbabwe." Jàmbá: Journal of Disaster Risk Studies 7, no. 1 (February 27, 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/jamba.v7i1.158.

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Artisanal small-scale mining (ASM) has devastating impacts on the environment, such as deforestation, over-stripping of overburden, burning of bushes and use of harmful chemicals like mercury. These environmental impacts are a result of destructive mining, wasteful mineral extraction and processing practices and techniques used by the artisanal small-scale miners. This paper explores the ecological problems caused by ASM in Mzingwane District, Zimbabwe. It seeks to determine the nature and extent to which the environment has been damaged by the ASM from a community perspective. Interviews, questionnaires and observations were used to collect qualitative data. Results indicated that the nature of the mining activities undertaken by unskilled and under-equipped gold panners in Mzingwane District is characterised by massive stripping of overburden and burning of bushes, leading to destruction of large tracts of land and river systems and general ecosystem disturbance. The research concluded that ASM in Mzingwane District is an ecological time bomb, stressing the need for appropriate modifications of the legal and institutional frameworks for promoting sustainable use of natural resources and mining development in Zimbabwe. Government, through the Ministry of Small Scale and Medium Enterprises, need to regularise and formalise all gold mining activities through licensing, giving permanent claims and operating permits to panners in order to recoup some of the added costs in the form of taxes. At the local level, the Mzingwane Rural District Council (MRDC) together with the Environmental Management Agency (EMA) need to design appropriate environmental education and awareness programmes targeting the local community and gold panners.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Association for Sustainable Land Use in Zimbabwe'

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