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Rossetti, Lavinia. "Super Air : The asthma inhaler for superheroes." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för design (DE), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-45143.
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Nobody can live without oxygen. What happens when you have a chronic disorder that prevents the oxygen from reaching your lungs? This condition is called asthma and affects millions of people. Symptoms might be from a wheezing to a severe asthma attack with airways obstruction. It is difficult, above all for children, to accept a condition that might unexpectedly come anytime. The Super-air inhaler is thought as a Super Hero, the worship the child has for the Hero will make the child feel strong and he will not feel ashamed of using it when having an attack. The inhaler has also been designed to make it easy for the child to take his medicine during the day and at night time too.
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Gaytan, Monika. "The association of dust events with asthma exacerbation in the U.S.-Mexico Border children." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2009. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.
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Zainal, Abidin Emilia. "Indoor air pollution, second-hand smoke exposure and respiratory health symptoms among Malaysian schoolchildren." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2011. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=186220.
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Background: Exposure to indoor air pollutants has been associated with poorer respiratory health in children. This study investigates the respiratory health of Malaysian schoolchildren in relation to indoor air pollution. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 2,164 schoolchildren aged 10-11 years in urban and semi-rural schools. Parents completed a questionnaire and concentrations of air pollutants were measured in schools. SHS exposure was assessed using salivary cotinine. Results: The WHO Air Quality Guideline for PM2.5 was exceeded for most of the semi-rural schools while almost all of the urban schools exceeded the annual exposure limit for NO2. The Geometric Mean salivary cotinine concentrations for non-smoking schoolchildren were 0.47 ng/ml. The 3 main predictors of nocturnal cough were the presence of a current smoker at home (OR 1.97; 95% CI: 1.31-2.96), the absence of exhaust system in the kitchen (OR 1.67; 95% CI: 1.03-2.68) and the use of air conditioning (OR 3.10; 95% CI: 1.37-5.71). Exposure to SHS of ≥4 hours per day (OR 2.53; 95% CI: 1.55-4.14) explained approximately 6.0% of the likelihood of reporting doctor-diagnosed asthma. For the measure of asthma severity, NO2 and log average family size were the 2 predictors of limited speech during wheeze; NO2 concentrations of >50 μg/m3 contributes an OR of 5.98 (95% CI: 1.02-34.9) and log average family size with an OR of 14.6 (95% CI: 1.70-126). Conclusion: This study has identified that many Malaysian schoolchildren experience exposure to air pollution indoors that exceeds WHO guidance limits for several pollutants. There was no clear relationship between traffic-generated air pollutants and children’s respiratory health but there was a strong relationship between the number of hours children were exposed to SHS and asthma. There is a need for increased enforcement of existing smoke-free legislation and policies to reduce children’s exposure to SHS.
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James, Christine. "HEPA Filtration Emproves Asthma Control in Children Exposed to Traffic-related Airborne Pollutants." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin152241466911486.
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Lin, Xia, and 林夏. "Study on the effect of air pollutant exposure on synthesis of IgE in asthmatic children." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206933.
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Objective
Large quantities of epidemiological studies manifest that indoor and outdoor air pollutants may trigger and aggravate asthma symptoms, whose mechanism, however, has not been completely made clear yet. As shown by the result of the experiment in which in-vitro cells and animals are exposed to high-density air pollution, the triggering effect of air pollution on asthma is associated with inflammatory reaction, IgE expression and regulation pathways. However, there is a lack of evidence from population studies to support that association. This study plans to conduct continuous monitoring over indoor and outdoor air pollutants facing the asthmatic children from Beijing with a view to carry out an overall assessment of their exposure to air pollutants. Meanwhile, biomarkers which are directly reflecting airway inflammation as well as the signal molecules which are related to IgE expression and regulation are monitored. The next step is to establish an exposure-effect relationship to explore the trigger effect of air pollutants on childhood asthma.
Methods
1. Questionnaires were used to collect general information (including age, drug use, indoor home decoration, passive smoking, diet during the study, indoor mildew, allergic history, history of diseases and family heredity history) in 60 asthmatic children (males, Han nationality, aged 5 to 14 years)from Beijing who were recruited into this study.
2. A comprehensive evaluation was conducted on their exposure levels of air pollutants by continuous monitoring of indoor PM2.5, black carbon, benzene, toluene, xylene and formaldehyde in their houses and collecting monitoring data with respect to PM2.5, PM10, NO2and SO2at air quality monitoring sites near their houses. Benzene, toluene and xylene were measured by two-stage thermal desorption-gas chromatography (GC), formaldehyde by AHMT spectrophotometry, mass concentration of PM2.5by gravimetric method, black carbon in PM2.5by multi-wavelength absorption spectroscopy. The concentration data of ambient outdoor air pollutants were available from the real-time air quality publishing platform of Beijing Municipal Environmental Monitoring Center.
3. Exhaled FeNO of asthmatic children were taken as biomarkers reflecting their airway inflammation. FeNO was measured by electrochemical method (off-line monitoring).
4. Trigger effect of air pollution on IgE signaling pathway of asthmatic children was investigated by determining signal molecules of two signaling pathways related to IgE expression and regulation in peripheral serum. Signal molecules were determined by ELISA.
5. Confounding factors were controlled by stratification analysis and multiple linear regression model, and a comprehensive analysis was conducted of the triggering effect of air pollution on children asthma.
Results
1. During the research, as for subjects, concentrations of indoor PM2.5, BC, formaldehyde, benzene, toluene, m-, p-and o-xylenes were 55.3±29.9 μg/m3, 3.8±1.4 μg/m3,62.2±42.7 μg/m3, 13.1±15.9 μg/m3, 18.7±16.7 μg/m3, 7.9±7.9 μg/m3and 3.1±5.0 μg/m3, respectively. The7-day weighted average concentrations of outdoor PM2.5, PM10, SO2and NO2were 101.3±87.6μg/m3, 152.8±88.4μg/m3, 48.6±39.8 μg/m3and 63.1±27.7μg/m3, respectively. There was a significant correlation between 7-day weighted average concentrations of indoor and outdoor PM2.5 simultaneously (r=0.697, P<0.001), with a indoor/outdoor PM2.5concentration ratio (I/O ratio) of 0.86±0.39 (P25-P75ranging from 0.62 to 1.01).
2. After adjusting for such influencing factors as age, types of asthma, and season, analysis of all subjects found that FeNO was significantly positively correlated with either benzene in indoor air, or PM2.5, SO2and NO2 in ambient outdoor air. Separate analysis of subjects untreated with inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) found that FeNO was significantly positively correlated with PM2.5, SO2and NO2 in ambient outdoor air, while this correlation was not significant in the ICS-treated group.
3. In serum, there was a significantly positive correlation between signal molecules in the two regulatory pathways of IgE expression. After adjusting for such influencing factors as age, types of asthma, and passive smoking. No effect of air pollutants on level of signaling molecule was observed in this study.
Conclusion
Monitoring results of indoor and outdoor air pollutants show that, at a high level of exposure to air pollutants, exposure of asthmatic children to indoor and outdoor air pollutants may cause or aggravate the airway inflammation. Administration of ICSs can control or attenuate the airway inflammation caused by air pollutants in asthmatic children, while the level of signaling molecule in the regulatory pathway of IgE expression in serum may not be an ideal marker for reflecting the trigger effect of air pollution on children asthma.published_or_final_version
Public Health
Master
Master of Public Health
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Sweet, Laura Louise. "The Impact of an Urban Intervention to Mediate Indoor Environmental Hazards on Asthma Outcomes in Children." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1343509149.
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Wolfe, Christopher L. "A Comparison between Two Exposure Assessment Methods for Traffic Related Air Pollution (TRAP) and Their Ability to Predict Lung Function and Disease SeverityiIn Asthmatic Children." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1399629695.
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Lin, Mei. "Short-term effects of ambient air pollution on asthma hospitalization in children: Case-crossover and time series analyses." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6132.
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Case-crossover and time series analyses were used to assess associations between ambient air pollutants and asthma hospitalization among children 6--12 years of age living in Toronto between 1981 and 1993. Exposures averaged over periods varying from one to seven days were used. The results from bi-directional case-crossover and time series analyses were similar. Coarse particulate matter (PM10--2.5) was significantly associated with asthma hospitalization in both males and females. The data showed no significant effects of fine (PM2.5) and thoracic (PM10) particulate matter on asthma hospitalizations. Gaseous pollutants, including carbon dioxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) were significantly related to asthma hospitalization in males or females or both sexes, but ozone (O3) was not. These studies provide strong evidence for asthma hospitalization in children in relation to relatively low levels of ambient air pollution, and suggest that reducing current ambient levels of air pollution will have important population health benefits.
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Stevens, Emma. "Urban air pollution as a trigger of children's asthma : what do parents & health professionals think?" Thesis, Imperial College London, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.272276.
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Lothrop, Nathan, Khaleel Hussaini, Dean Billheimer, and Paloma Beamer. "Community-level characteristics and environmental factors of child respiratory illnesses in Southern Arizona." BIOMED CENTRAL LTD, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624712.
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Background: Lower respiratory illnesses (LRIs) and asthma are common diseases in children < 5 years of age. Few studies have investigated the relationships between multiple, home-based social and environmental risk factors and asthma and LRIs in children. Of those that have, none have focused exclusively on children < 5 years of age, who are more physiologically vulnerable and spend more time at home compared to older children. Further, no studies have done so at the community level. Methods: We modeled relationships between emergency department visits and hospitalization rates for asthma and LRIs for children < 5 years and geographic risk factors, including socio-economic and housing characteristics, ambient air pollution levels, and population density in Maricopa and Pima Counties, Arizona, from 2005 to 2009. We used a generalized linear model with a negative binomial observation distribution and an offset for the population of very young children in each tract. To reduce multicollinearity among predictors, socio-economic characteristics, and ambient air pollutant levels were combined into unit-less indices using the principal components analysis (PCA). Housing characteristics variables did not exhibit moderate-to-high correlations and thus were not included in PCA. Spatial autocorrelation among regression model residuals was assessed with the Global Moran's I test. Results: Following the regression analyses, almost all predictors were significantly related to at least one disease outcome. Lower socio-economic status (SES) and reduced population density were associated with asthma hospitalization rates and both LRI outcomes (p values < 0.001). After adjusting for differences between counties, Pima County residence was associated with lower asthma and LRI hospitalization rates. No spatial autocorrelation was found among multiple regression model residuals (p values > 0.05). Conclusions: Our study revealed complex, multi-factorial associations between predictors and outcomes. Findings indicate that many rural areas with lower SES have distinct factors for childhood respiratory diseases that require further investigation. County-wide differences in maternal characteristics or agricultural land uses (not tested here) may also play a role in Pima County residence protecting against hospitalizations, when compared to Maricopa County. By better understanding this and other relationships, more focused public health interventions at the community level could be developed to reduce and better control these diseases in children < 5 years, who are more physiologically vulnerable.
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Truluck, Timothy Francis. "Hospital admission patterns of childhood respiratory illness in Cape Town and their association with air pollution and meteorological factors." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17402.
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Bibliography: pages 103-119.The aims of this study were (a) to examine the profile of hospital admissions for selected respiratory illnesses for two major hospitals in Cape Town, and (b) to analyse the association of such admissions with air pollution indicators and meteorological variables. The first part of the study investigated the admission patterns of coloured and African children under twelve years of age who were diagnosed as suffering from asthma or acute respiratory infections at two major teaching hospitals in Cape Town. Computerized hospital admission records covering the years 1988-1990 from the overnight holding wards of the Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital and Tygerberg Hospital were used to determine patterns with respect to diagnosis, gender, race, age and date of admission. During the three year study period, respiratory admissions at both hospitals accounted for 15 078 (47.3%) out of a total of 31 887 admissions. Acute respiratory infections accounted for 63.6% and asthma 37.4 % of these respiratory admissions. Two factors of interest were noted: (1) Considerably more males than females were admitted with both asthma and acute respiratory infections. (2) Asthma admissions to Red Cross Hospital among African children were proportionally much less than those of coloured children when compared to the proportions of admissions for acute respiratory infections. After removal of the seasonal effect, a multiple linear regression model was fitted to the data to determine the individual associations between admissions and ambient environmental variables. Significant associations were found between: (1) acute respiratory infections and oxides of nitrogen, soiling index, and temperature; (2) asthma and oxides of nitrogen (3) total admissions and soiling index, average temperature and minimum temperature (negative). The study concluded that despite generally low levels of air pollution in Cape Town, childhood respiratory admissions to Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital and Tygerberg Hospital were statistically significantly associated with some ambient air pollutants as well as temperature. However, given the nature of both the exposure and admissions databases, these results should be treated with caution. More representative site selections for air pollution monitors, as well as searching and controlling for possible confounding factors (i.e. indoor air pollution, parental smoking, overcrowding), would allow a better understanding of the current air pollution problem and the possible effects on the respiratory health of children in metropolitan Cape Town.
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Sidorchuk, Anna. "Environmental and lifestyle factors, including viral infections, in relation to development of allergy among children in Saint-Petersburg and Stockholm /." Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2007. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2007/978-91-7357-309-2/.
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Rancière, Fanny. "Phénotypes respiratoires et allergiques chez l'enfant jusqu'à l'âge de 4 ans en relation avec son environnement de vie : étude de la cohorte de naissance PARIS." Thesis, Paris 5, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA05S006.
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Contexte: La compréhension de l’histoire naturelle de l’asthme et des allergies au cours de la petite enfance est encore parcellaire. De plus, il persiste encore des incertitudes quant à la contribution des facteurs comportementaux et environnementaux au développement de ces maladies. Objectifs: 1) Etudier l’histoire naturelle des symptômes respiratoires et allergiques chez l’enfant de 0 à 4 ans en identifiant des phénotypes basés sur ces symptômes par des analyses de cluster, 2) Caractériser ces phénotypes au regard de leurs co-morbidités et de leurs facteurs de risque, en particulier ceux liés à l’environnement de vie des enfants incluant leur exposition précoce à la pollution atmosphérique d’origine automobile (PAA). Matériel et méthodes: Ce travail de thèse s’inscrit dans le cadre du suivi de la cohorte de naissances PARIS (Pollution and Asthma Risk: an Infant Study) mise en place en 2003 et incluant 3840 nouveau-nés. Des auto-questionnaires régulièrement renseignés par les parents ont permis de documenter l’état de santé des enfants en termes de symptômes et de pathologies respiratoires/allergiques, ainsi que leur mode et cadre de vie. La sensibilisation allergénique a été déterminée par dosage des IgE spécifiques dans le sang à l’âge de 18 mois. L’exposition à la PAA intégrant les différents lieux de vie (domicile, lieu de garde) a été évaluée pour la première année de vie des enfants par un modèle de dispersion, l’indice ExTra. L’identification de phénotypes respiratoires/allergiques entre 0 et 4 ans a été effectuée par des analyses de cluster transversales et longitudinales. Les co-morbidités et facteurs de risque associés aux phénotypes ont été étudiés. Résultats : Entre 0 et 4 ans, des sifflements ont été rapportés chez 31% des enfants, et une toux sèche nocturne chez 38%. Ils sont respectivement 43% et 38% à avoir éprouvé des symptômes évocateurs de rhinite allergique et de dermatite atopique. La prévalence cumulée des maladies diagnostiquées par un médecin était de 12,2% pour l’asthme, 39,4% pour l’eczéma et 3,8% pour le rhume des foins. L’étude des trajectoires des symptômes de sifflements, toux sèche nocturne, rhinite allergique et dermatite atopique a permis d’identifier un groupe avec une faible prévalence de symptômes [n=1236, 49,0%] et quatre phénotypes respiratoires/allergiques distincts: deux transitoires («rhinite transitoire» [n=295, 11,7%] et «sifflements transitoires» [n=399, 15,8%]), non associés avec la sensibilisation IgE dépendante, et deux persistants («toux/rhinite» [n=284, 11,3%] et «dermatite» [n=308, 12,2%]), associés à la sensibilisation allergénique. Le phénotype «rhinite transitoire» était associé à l'exposition postnatale au tabagisme, pouvant irriter les voies respiratoires. Le phénotype «sifflements transitoires» était lié au sexe masculin et au contact avec d'autres enfants (frères et sœurs plus âgés, fréquentation d'une crèche). Les facteurs de risque des deux phénotypes associés aux IgE comprenaient la présence d’antécédents parentaux d'allergie, ainsi que l'exposition potentielle à des allergènes et au stress, connues pour jouer un rôle dans le développement des maladies allergiques. Nos résultats montrent également qu’au regard de la symptomatologie allergique, l’exposition précoce à la PAA semble impacter davantage certains sous-groupes d’enfants (ceux de sexe masculin, ceux ayant un terrain familial d’asthme/d’allergie et ceux dont la mère a souffert d’un problème grave de santé). Conclusion: Ce travail contribue à mieux comprendre l’histoire naturelle des manifestations respiratoires et allergiques durant les années préscolaires et suggère l'existence de différents phénotypes avant l'âge scolaire. Le fait qu'ils diffèrent en termes de facteurs de risque et de sensibilisation renforce la plausibilité de profils distincts, potentiellement liés aux irritations et aux infections pour les phénotypes transitoires, et à l'allergie pour les phénotypes persistantsBackground: The natural history of asthma and allergies during childhood is still not fully understood. In addition, there are still some uncertainties about the contribution of behavioral and environmental factors to the development of these pathologies. Objectives: 1) To study the natural history of respiratory and allergic symptoms in children from birth to age 4 years by identifying phenotypes based upon these symptoms using cluster analyses, 2) To characterize these phenotypes with regard to their comorbidity and risk factors, especially those related to the life environment of children, including their early exposure to traffic-related air pollution (TAP). Methods: This work is part of the follow-up of the PARIS (Pollution and Asthma Risk: an Infant Study) birth cohort, implemented in 2003 and including 3840 newborns. Self-administered questionnaires regularly filled in by parents were used to collect information about the health status of children in terms of respiratory/allergic symptoms and diseases, as well as about lifestyle/environment characteristics. IgE-mediated sensitisation was determined at the age of 18 months. Exposure to TAP integrating the different places of residence and day-care was assessed in the first year of life of children using a dispersion model, the ExTra index. Respiratory/allergic phenotypes were identified between 0 and 4 years by cross-sectional and longitudinal cluster analyses. Comorbidity and risk factors associated with phenotypes were studied. Results: Between 0 and 4 years, wheezing has been reported in 31% of children, and dry night cough in 38%, whereas 43% and 38% have experienced symptoms suggestive of allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis, respectively. The prevalence of doctor-diagnosed diseases in the first 4 years was 12.2% for asthma, 39.4% for eczema and 3.8% for hay fever. The study of joint trajectories of symptoms such as wheezing, dry night cough, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis identified a group with low prevalence of symptoms [n=1236, 49.0%] and four distinct phenotypes: two transient ("transient rhinitis" [n=295, 11.7%] and "transient wheeze" [n=399, 15.8%]), without any relation with IgE sensitisation, and two persistent ("cough/rhinitis" [n=284, 11.3%] and "dermatitis" [n=308, 12.2%]) associated with allergic sensitisation. Transient rhinitis phenotype was only associated with tobacco smoke exposure, which could irritate the airways. Transient wheeze phenotype was related to male sex and contact with other children (older siblings, day-care attendance). Lastly, risk factors for both IgE-associated phenotypes encompassed parental history of allergy, potential exposure to allergens and stress, known to be associated with the development of allergic diseases. With regard to allergic symptomatology, our results also show that the impact of early exposure to TAP could be more important in some subgroups of children (boys, children with parental history of allergy, and children whose mother experienced a serious health problem). Conclusion: This work contributes to a better understanding of the natural history of respiratory/allergic symptoms during preschool years, and provides evidence for the existence of different phenotypes before school age. The fact they differ in terms of sensitisation and risk factors reinforces the plausibility of distinct profiles, potentially linked to irritation and infections for the transient phenotypes, and to allergy for the persistent phenotypes
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Missagia, Suelem. "Avaliação do pico de fluxo expiratório em crianças e adolescentes e sua associação com material particulado inalável (PM10) nos municípios de Anchieta e Guarapari (ES)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5160/tde-10052013-103606/.
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INTRODUÇÃO: As doenças respiratórias têm sido associadas com a emissão de poluentes atmosféricos, tanto por fontes fixas quanto por fontes móveis, em estudos de bases agregadas. Poucos estudos de base individual têm sido relatados na literatura investigando essa associação, principalmente nas cidades de pequeno e médio porte. Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos da poluição do ar sobre sintomas respiratórios e pico de fluxo expiratório (PFE) em estudantes de três escolas públicas, localizadas em área de exposição e área de não exposição à dispersão da pluma de poluentes provenientes da mineradora localizada no município de Anchieta - ES. MÉTODOS: Estudo de Painel, avaliando a emissão de poluentes da mineradora citada anteriormente, no período de maio de 2008 a maio de 2009. Dois grupos foram definidos de acordo com o status de exposição (área exposta e área não exposta) dos participantes para as emissões industriais. Foram recrutados 121 alunos, com idade entre 8-16 anos, selecionados aleatoriamente entre todos os alunos matriculados nessas escolas. O tamanho da amostra foi baseado na prevalência de doenças respiratórias no município segundo a faixa etária escolhida. Após responderem um questionário de sintomas respiratórios auto-aplicado (ISAAC), medidas individuais diárias de PFE foram realizadas nos alunos selecionados, duas vezes ao dia, uma pela manhã e outra a noite. Concentrações médias diárias de PM10, temperatura e umidade relativa do ar foram coletadas através da rede de monitoramento localizada na cidade. A associação entre os registros diários de PFE e PM10 foi investigada através de modelos de regressão de efeitos mistos, controlando para a temperatura média, umidade relativa média, status de exposição e índice de massa corpórea. RESULTADOS: Dos 121 participantes randomizados, quatro desistiram e 117 foram avaliados: 65 na área exposta e 52 na área não exposta. Foi identificada uma prevalência de asma de 16,9% na área exposta e 15,4% na área não exposta. Foram realizadas aproximadamente 70.000 medidas de PFE. Para todos os participantes, o aumento de 14?g/m3 do PM10 foi associado significativamente com o decréscimo nas medidas percentuais do PFE da manhã e da noite (-1,04%, 95% IC: -1,32; -0,77 e - 1,2%, 95% IC: -1,49; -0,92, respectivamente). Para o grupo de asmáticos, também houve uma associação significativa entre o aumento de PM10 e o decréscimo do percentual do PFE da manhã e da noite (-1,21%, 95% IC: - 1,80; -0,62 e -1,66%, 95% IC: -2,27; -1,05, respectivamente). Esses efeitos foram encontrados em concentrações de PM10 abaixo do padrão brasileiro de qualidade do ar recomendado. CONCLUSÕES: Houve uma associação entre o aumento de PM10 na atmosfera e a diminuição da medida de pico de fluxo expiratório em toda a população estudada, independentemente da área de exposição, tanto para a população geral quanto para o grupo de asmáticosThe association between respiratory diseases and air pollutant emissions from both, stationary and mobile sources have been reported in several ecological studies. However, few studies using epidemiological individual designs have been found in the literature investigating this association in small and medium cities. Objective: To evaluate the effects of air pollution on respiratory symptoms and peak expiratory flow (PEF) in students from three public schools located inside and outside areas of exposure to air pollution mining plume dispersion in the municipality of Anchieta - ES. METHODS: Panel study, from May 2008 to May 2009. Two groups were defined according to the participants exposure status (exposed area and unexposed area) for industrial emissions. Among all students enrolled in schools located in the two areas were selected 121 children and adolescents aged between eight and 16 years. The sample size was based on the prevalence of respiratory diseases in the municipality according to the chosen age group. After answering a self-reported respiratory symptoms questionnaire (ISAAC), daily PEF measurements were performed in each one of selected students, twice a day, in the morning and at night. Average daily PM10, temperature and humidity were collected by the monitoring network in the city during the period of study. Association between daily records of PEF and PM10 were assessed using mixed effects regression models, controlling to the average temperature, humidity, exposure status, and body mass index. RESULTS: Four participants gave up and 117 were evaluated: 65 in exposed and 52 in unexposed areas. About 70,000 PEF measures were performed. Asthma prevalence was 16.9% in the exposed area and 15.4% in the unexposed area. For all participants, increases of 14?g/m3 of PM10 were associated with decreases of PEF measurements in the morning and in the evening (-1.04%, 95% CI: -1.32; -0.77 and -1.2%, 95% CI: -1.49; -0.92 respectively). For the asthmatic group, increases of PM10 also induced decreases of PEF in the morning and in the evening (- 1.21%, 95% CI: -1.80; -0.62 and -1.66%, 95% CI: -2.27; -1.05 respectively). Adverse effects were found in PM10 concentrations below the recommended air quality Brazilian standard. CONCLUSIONS: There was an association between the increasing of PM10 in the atmosphere and reduced lung function in the entire study population, regardless of the exposure area, for both the general population and the asthmatic group
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Assoufi, B. K. "Cold air, asthma and airways reactivity." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/46945.
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Kamath, S. V. "Inflammation in paediatric asthma." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269034.
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Dennis, John Hugh. "The generation and measurement of aerosols in the investigation of asthma and occupational asthma." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357001.
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Smith, Nerida Ann. "The effects of intervention on medication compliance and asthma control in children with asthma." University of Sydney, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1613.
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Doctor of PhilosophyAsthma can be a chronic disorder requiring regular medications if the symptoms are persistent. The regimen is often complex, involving a number of drugs and a variety or routes of administration. Although drug therapy may not alter the natural history of asthma it can improve lung function enabling those with asthma to lead as near a normal life as possible. Thus medication compliance is an important factor in the managemnt of asthma. (Note : Special enclosures (Publication reprints) at end of thesis have been removed for digital submission, with permission of author)
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Russell, Linda Moreno. "The effects of family functioning, child behaviors, and asthma beliefs on asthma management in children and adolescents /." Digital version accessible at:, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Oldham, M. A. "Statistical modelling of asthma and air pollution data." Thesis, Swansea University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.638363.
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This thesis is motivated by the particular modelling requirements of data collected by a General Practitioner who wished to study the relationship between incidences of asthma and air pollution in Glyn Neath, a small mining village in South Wales. We consider the need to model the function of an individual's peak expiratory flow in such a way that the possible influence of airborne pollutants is testable, using only the binary time series of attacks available for each patient. Korn and Whittemore (1979) presented a threshold model which considered an individual's resistance to an 'onslaught' of pollution. A subtle adaptation of the principles of their research has allowed this methodology to be adapted to the requirements of this thesis. We present a model which is motivated by medically-based criteria and is capable of generating events corresponding to acute episodes of asthma. Statistical analysis of the model introduces correlated random variables with survival probabilities requiring the integration of the appropriate multi-dimensional Normal probability density function. We develop a novel approach for approximating the correlation structure which allows this integration to be reduced to a single dimension. For parameter estimation we consider the method of maximum likelihood and examine the properties of the maximum likelihood estimates. Initial exploration of the estimates indicate that they are substantially biased and hence further refinement of the approximated correlation structure is necessary. The research has achieved its original aim of developing medically based statistical methods.
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Toop, Leslie John. "Cough sound analysis in children with asthma." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.361104.
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Tan, Chee Chun. "Spirometry Use in Children Hospitalized with Asthma." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1321888428.
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Heaton, Richard Walter. "Cold air challenge in airways disease." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.235876.
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Hederos, Carl-Axel. "Asthma in young children : epidemiology, burden of asthma and effects of a parental information program /." Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2007. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2007/978-91-7357-251-4/.
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McGovern, Colleen M. "COPE for Asthma: A Cognitive Behavioral Skills-Building Intervention for Children with Asthma and Anxiety." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1541269539391523.
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Khan, Md Sanaur Rahman School of Women?s & Children?s Health UNSW. "Improving the management of childhood asthma." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Women?s and Children?s Health, 2003. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/19256.
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Objectives: To improve the management of childhood asthma. Subjects & Setting: Children admitted with asthma from 1st January 2000 to 31st December 2000; and children discharged with asthma from Emergency Department (ED) of Sydney Children?s Hospital (SCH) between 16th October 2000 and 28th February 2002. Methods: There were two major studies addressing aspects of asthma management, namely the retrospective in-patient study and the prospective ED presentation study. Each of these was subdivided in two different studies to address different research questions. In the first retrospective study, a priori criteria for theoretical "time ready for discharge" (TRD) for asthmatic admissions were defined based on frequency of use of salbutamol. In the second retrospective study, we followed 361 children for 1 year from the date of their discharge, to find out whether those who received asthma education, written asthma action plan, and preventer medications at the time of discharge and whose follow?up was arranged prior to discharge, represented to the ED or were readmitted. The prospective study, which also addressed two different research questions, was a randomised-controlled trial in which parents of 310 children who had been discharged from ED with asthma, received written asthma materials only or received telephone consultation in addition to written materials. Background severity and control of asthma were assessed in baseline study from parent?s reported symptom frequency and medication uses. Outcome measures: readmission and representation to the ED, regular use of preventer medications, possession and use of written asthma action plan, and asthma symptom measures. Results: (1) 116 (27.7%) children were discharged before our theoretical TRD and only 2 child who were discharged after achieving TRD, developed symptoms which required oxygenation and more frequent doses of salbutamol. Both readmission and representation to ED within one week of discharge were uncommon. (2) 121 children represented within 1 year of their discharge, of whom 68 children were readmitted. Both receiving asthma education during admission and arranging follow-up prior to discharge were associated with a decreased likelihood of representation as well as readmission (P > 0.001). (3) In RCT, the baseline study showed that 14% of children were not receiving appropriate preventer therapy despite indications; and a further 34% had frequent symptoms despite receiving preventer therapy. 62% of the parents reported of having written asthma action plan but less than 50% of them reported using it regularly. At follow up we observed both possession and use of written asthma action plan (p = 0.002) as well as regular use of preventer medications (p = 0.001) were improved in the intervention group compared with the control group. Conclusions: Discharge on 3-hourly rather than 4-hourly doses of salbutamol appears safe and shortens length of stay by an average of 5.5 hrs. Both asthma education and follow-up at the time discharge appear to reduce readmission and representation to ED. Telephone consultation can increase the regular use of preventer medications and written asthma action plan.
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Erasmus, Esther W. "Insights into the psychobiology of personality of individuals living with chronic asthma to inform treatment planning." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-06292007-163159.
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Cox, Karen R. (Karen Rose). "Effects of a self-care deficit nursing theory-designed nursing system on symptom control in children with asthma." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3036817.
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Turczynowicz, Leonid. "Asthma and risk factors in South Australia : an ecologic analysis." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09MPM/09mpmt933.pdf.
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Includes CD-ROM inside back cover of volume 2. Bibliography: p. 178-222. Aims to identify current risk factors for asthma and to determine which of these factors, at the population level, is associated with asthma prevalence in children in South Australia. In addition, modelling techniques are used to determine which factors are significant predictors of asthma prevalence in 4 to 5 year old children in S.A. Study results show that at the population level, 9 risk factors are significantly associated with lifetime prevalence and 24 factors with period prevalence. Study findings are generally consistent with existing literature.
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溫煜讚 and Yuk-tsan Wun. "A study of the peak expiratory flow rates in children in a general practice." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1990. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31981422.
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Modi, Avani C. "Adherence in children with cystic fibrosis and asthma." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0005641.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Florida, 2004.Typescript. Title from title page of source document. Document formatted into pages; contains 94 pages. Includes Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Mai, Xiao-Mei. "Asthma, bronchial hyperresponsiveness and body weight in children /." Linköping : Univ, 2003. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2003/med806s.pdf.
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Hijazi, Nariman. "Epidemiology of asthma among children in Saudi Arabia." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.322584.
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Piotrowska, Zofia. "Rhinovirus-associated wheezing and asthma in young children." [New Haven, Conn. : Yale University], 2008. http://ymtdl.med.yale.edu/theses/available/etd-12092008-151207/.
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Sinha, Ian. "Outcomes in clinical trials in children with asthma." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2011. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3193/.
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The selection of outcomes is a critically important decision when designing randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Informed clinical decisions can only be based on the results of RCTs that have measured outcomes of importance to both clinicians and patients. It can be difficult to know which outcomes should be measured in RCTs. Some groups advocate core outcome sets, which are a minimum set of outcomes that should be measured, and reported, in all clinical trials in a given condition. These increase the likelihood that important outcomes are measured, reduce nonuniformity between studies, and reduce the risk of outcome reporting bias. We systematically reviewed studies that determined which outcomes to measure in clinical trials in children, and found that such work had been conducted in only few conditions, and the quality of existing work was variable. Few studies used structured consensus techniques to reach agreement about which outcomes to measure in trials, and parents were seldom involved. No studies included children. One condition in which there were no robust recommendations about which outcomes to measurein RCTs was childhood asthma, which is a condition of considerable global importance. We subsequently aimed to assess whether the absence of a core outcome set for RCTs of children with asthma meant that certain outcome domains were measured less frequently than others, and whether there was nonuniformity between studies in terms of outcomes selected. We conducted a systematic review of RCTs of children with asthma, published between January 1988 and December 2007, and found that the included studies focussed on short-term disease activity, but quality of life, functional status, and long-term outcomes were infrequently measured. Certain outcomes were measured and reported in various ways. We recommended that a core outcome set should be developed for childhood asthma, using structured consensus techniques, such as the Delphi process. In order to aid the development of such a core set, we first systematically reviewed studies that used the Delphi process to determine which outcomes to measure in clinical trials. We observed variations in the methodology used, identified potential sources of bias, and provided recommendations about how such studies could be conducted and reported. In order to develop a core outcome set for childhood asthma, we used a Delphi process to ascertain the views of 46 clinicians, and around 100 parents and young people, about which outcomes are most important and relevant from their perspective, when making shared decisions about regular therapies which control asthma. The most important outcomes were symptoms, exacerbations, and quality of life. Although consensus still needs to be reached amongst other groups of individuals involved in clinical trials, we conclude that these outcomes should be measured, and reported, in all RCTs that aim to evaluate the effectiveness of regular therapies for children and young people with asthma.
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Ferrugio, Carla Ianni. "Caregivers description of illness in children with asthma." FIU Digital Commons, 1998. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3315.
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Recent studies identify infants, toddlers and preschoolers as high risk groups exhibiting vulnerability and increased morbidity rates associated with asthma. The data collected via review of ER medical records, were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, where appropriate. The study was conducted on a convenience sample of 110 asthmatic children brought to a Children's Emergency Room (ER) in West Palm Beach, Florida for urgent care. This retrospective descriptive correlational study examined the relationship between the caregiver's description of the child's presenting illness and degree of the asthma exacerbation upon admission to the emergency department for management. Relationships between/among these variables were also explored for children with or without a primary care provider and health insurance.
Research findings lend support to the hypothesis (p = .001) that the lesser the degree of severity of the child's asthma exacerbation, the less likely caregivers will describe respiratory distress as the presenting illness. However, the findings fail to support the hypotheses that caregivers of children with a primary care provider or health insurance coverage are more likely to appropriately describe the presenting illness as respiratory distress. Other findings point to the need for client-tailored management plans to maximize caregivers and/or child learning about asthma and its management, client education and follow up.
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Delane, Tiffany. "Childhood Asthma in the Midwest." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5549.
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In spite of the National Asthma Education and Prevention Program guidelines outlining how to diagnose, treat, and educate asthmatics, asthma morbidity and mortality rates are still mounting. Furthermore, the minority population has disproportionately higher rates of unfavorable outcomes from asthma, thereby diminishing their quality of life. The study's theoretical framework was based on the health belief model and explored associations of asthma control with self-efficacy and asthma education. Few studies focus on asthma inequity. The purpose of this quantitative study was to assess relationships between asthma control, race, asthma education, and healthcare utilization amongst asthmatic children residing in the Midwest. Secondary data from the Centers for Disease Control's Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System's Asthma Call-back Survey were used (n=477,221). Participant characteristics were examined using descriptive statistics. A sequence of bivariate and logistic regression analysis was used to test each hypothesis. The findings revealed significant associations amongst asthma control, race, asthma education, and healthcare utilization. In addition, children with uncontrolled asthma have greater visits to the emergency department and to their pediatrician's office due to their asthma symptoms. Moreover, the study results indicated that African American children experienced uncontrolled asthma at a higher rate when compared to other children, consequently decreasing their quality of life. The study showed the need for policy change to expand funding and programs aimed at decreasing uncontrolled asthma by improving asthma education, especially in African American communities, in hope of empowering asthmatics to play a vital role in their health and increasing their quality of life.
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Norris, Gary. "Air pollution and the exacerbation of asthma in an arid, western, US city /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10108.
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HOWARD, JOANNE KAY HERGENROTHER. "COGNITIVE ADAPTATION AND THE SCHOOLAGER WITH ASTHMA." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/183895.
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The purpose of this study was to examine the interrelationships among the themes of Taylor's (1983) Cognitive Adaptation Theory for schoolagers with asthma. In addition, the influence of Taylor's (1983) themes on the children's social behavior was also tested. The three themes of Taylor's (1983) theory included A Search for Meaning, Restoration of Self-Esteem, and Gaining a Sense of Self-Mastery. Two components of A Search for Meaning included the Impact of Disease and the Cause of Disease. Relating Behaviors-Cooperating Behaviors was the index of social behavior. Forty-five Caucasian children between the ages of seven and ten years who had a diagnosis of asthma and did not have any mental disability were the convenient sample. Data were collected in the children's homes. Three questionnaires and two interviews were used to measure Taylor's (1983) themes and Relating Behaviors-Cooperating Behaviors. Descriptive statistics were used to answer the research questions and provide additional findings related to the conceptual framework. Two relationships among Taylor's (1983) themes were significant (p ≤ .05). Children who reported greater impact of asthma upon their lives (Impact of Disease) reported lower self-esteem (Restoration of Self-Esteem). Children who reported greater impact of asthma upon their lives (Impact of Disease) also reported a lesser internal locus of control orientation (Gaining a Sense of Self-Mastery). The Cause of Disease was the only concept which correlated significantly with Relating Behaviors-Cooperating Behaviors and thus, influenced this concept. Children who named a cause for their asthma reported more relating and cooperating skills. The Cause of Disease explained 6.5% of the variance for Relating Behaviors-Cooperating Behaviors. Characteristics of the children's asthma condition and their families were significantly related to the themes of Taylor's (1983) theory and Relating Behaviors-Cooperating Behaviors. Developmental differences were found from age group analyses. The classification of the children's responses for the cause of asthma and reliability and validity estimation for the HIIS were also reported. Five potential sources of error which may have affected the findings included design, instrument, subject, investigator, and specification errors. Suggestions for future research with the conceptual framework were discussed.
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Amin, Priyal. "Which is the Optimum Predictor of Childhood Asthma, Persistent Wheezing or the Asthma Predictive Index?" University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1396531716.
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McCants, Kellie M. "Factors affecting treatment regimen adherence in children and adolescents with asthma." Connect to this title online, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1041866923.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2004.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xv, 134 p.; also includes graphics Includes bibliographical references (p. 101-108). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center
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Harris, Katherine Marie. "The impact of suboptimal asthma control and adherence to medication on health-related outcomes for children with asthma." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2018. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/53581.
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Asthma is the most common long-term condition in children in the United Kingdom (UK). Asthma-related hospitalisations and mortality are disproportionally higher in the UK, compared with other European countries, however the reasons for this disparity remain unclear. A putative explanation is that that prevalence of suboptimal asthma control in children in the UK is higher than in continental Europe. If this is indeed correct, then the drivers of suboptimal control, such as poor adherence to therapy resulting from poor understanding of the role of preventer medication (inhaled corticosteroids (ICS)) in UK children would be of significant clinical interest. Therefore, in this thesis, I sought to first identify the levels of asthma control and medication adherence in a non-random sample of London secondary school children. Then, I used focus groups to further highlight the barriers to good medication adherence, and generate insights into potential solutions. To achieve these aims, I developed and implemented an online questionnaire to be delivered in schools, which included the validated Asthma Control Test (ACT). Methods: This thesis is divided into three main sections. The first and second sections include original data from an observational research study, which collected data about asthma control, from 24 London secondary schools between December 2014 and March 2016. The aim of the first section was to assess current levels of asthma control and medication adherence among children with asthma in London secondary schools. Data were collected using an online questionnaire, which included the validated ACT to measure asthma control, as well as additional questions about knowledge, healthcare use, medication use, school attendance, lifestyle and emotion and behaviour, using the validated Me and My School (M&MS) questionnaire. The second section of this thesis includes data generated from six focus groups, conducted in four London secondary schools with 56 students. In order to generate data to inform future interventions, discussions focused on the barriers to medication adherence among teenagers, and how these barriers could be addressed. The third section comprises a systematic review of school-based self-management interventions for children with asthma. The review uses a mixed-methods approach, and includes both quantitative and qualitative study data. A process evaluation is also included, to identify intervention elements that are associated with implementation success. Results: 766 children with asthma from 24 schools were surveyed. Almost half of the students (45.7%; n = 350) had poor asthma control by ACT score. Adherence with asthma medication was low, regardless of asthma control (56.2% self-reported forgetting to use their ICS "preventer" inhaler; 29% self-reported not using their SABA "reliever" inhaler when they needed it, at least some of the time). Health care involvement was relatively high, with at least one unplanned GP visit, due to asthma in the previous four weeks, reported by 28.1% of students; at least one unplanned hospital visit was self-reported by 15.7% of students; and at least one unplanned school nurse visit due to asthma was self-reported by 16% of students. At least one whole school absence was reported by 20.9% of students. Unplanned medical care and school absences were higher among children with poor asthma control, according to the ACT. Themes from focus groups suggested that social stigma, fear of embarrassment, forgetfulness, and incorrect attitudes towards medication were all contributory factors to poor medication adherence. Communications with healthcare professionals were also identified as key unmet needs of teenagers with asthma. The findings from the meta-analyses, included in the systematic review of school-based self-management interventions, showed that such interventions were effective in improving several outcomes, largely related to healthcare use. These included hospitalisations, emergency department (ED) visits, and health-related quality of life. There was no evidence that school-based interventions improved school absences, experiences of day and night time symptoms, or the use of medication. The findings from the analysis of the process evaluation studies showed that a theoretical framework is important in the development of a successful intervention. Conclusions: First, in a large non-random sample of secondary school children with asthma, the proportion of children with suboptimal control is worryingly high, and this is associated with general poor adherence to prescribed therapy asthma. Second, focus groups identified practical and social barriers to good adherence, that should be addressed in future studies. Third, previous studies suggest that school based interventions are effective in reducing incidences of unplanned and urgent healthcare use. The systematic review included studies that included relatively hard-to-reach populations, suggesting that such interventions may be effective across diverse populations, including those considered hard-to-reach. The findings in this thesis informed the development of a school-based self-management intervention, to be piloted in London secondary schools, and an NIHR-funded global research group award on improving asthma control in African children.
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Clark, Nina Annika. "Effect of ambient air pollution on development of childhood asthma." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/2400.
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Asthma prevalence is increasing worldwide and the causes of this increase are largely unknown. There is increasing recognition of the importance of early environmental exposures in childhood asthma development. Outdoor air pollution has been shown to trigger asthma symptoms but its role in incident disease remains controversial. To address these questions, I investigated the effect of in utero and first year of life exposure to ambient air pollution on risk of asthma diagnosis in a nested case-control study.
All children born in Southwestern British Columbia in 1999 and 2000 (N=37,401) were assessed for incidence of asthma diagnosis at age 3 - 4 years using hospitalization and primary physician records. Exposure to ambient air pollution was estimated for the gestational period and first year of life using high-resolution pollution surfaces derived from government monitoring station data as well as land use regression models adjusted for temporal variation. Conditional logistic regression analyses were used to estimate effects of CO, NO, NO₂, PM₁₀, PM₂.₅, O₃, SO₂, black carbon, wood smoke and proximity to roads and point sources on asthma diagnosis.
Elevated risks of asthma diagnosis were observed with increased early life exposure to CO, NO, NO₂, PM₁₀, SO₂, black carbon and proximity to point sources. Effects were generally larger for first year exposures than in utero exposures, and larger for girls than boys.
The results indicate that early life exposure to air pollution is associated with increased risk of asthma diagnosis in early childhood. Although the effect sizes are small, air pollution exposure in urban areas is ubiquitous so may have significant effects at the population level. These results should be confirmed when children are older and asthma diagnosis is more robust.
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Atkinson, Richard William. "Aeroallergens, air pollution and asthma morbidity : a time series analysis." Thesis, St George's, University of London, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.430429.
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Friedman, Abby H. "Parenting factors related to asthma and anxiety in children." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2007. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=4983.
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Murdoch-Schon, Allison. "A study of parents and their children with asthma." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq23436.pdf.
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Wallace, Andrea Schneider. "Accessing asthma care : a case study of urban children /." Connect to full text via ProQuest. IP filtered, 2006.
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Thesis (Ph.D. in Nursing) -- University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center, 2006.Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 188-199). Free to UCDHSC affiliates. Online version available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations;
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Shaw, Michele R. "Perceptions of Exercise Among School Aged Children with Asthma." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194722.
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This grounded theory driven study explored the predominant categories and concepts involved with perceptions of exercise among school aged children with asthma. Ten children (five males, five females), ages 8-12, with various asthma disease severity, were interviewed in their homes. In addition, nine parents completed a health history questionnaire. The emergent grounded theory: The process of creating perceptions of exercise was identified from the data. The ongoing creation of perceptions of exercise was influenced by four predominant categories: perceived benefits, striving for normalcy, exercise influences, and asthma's influence. Because process is an ongoing occurrence, the four predominant categories may influence the creation of exercise perceptions simultaneously, or at different times and in various ways dependent upon the characteristics of the child and their unique situations and experiences (context). Perceived benefits, striving for normalcy, exercise influences, and asthma's influence were identified categories involved with the interactions, actions, and consequences interwoven throughout the creation of perceptions of exercise process. These categories help explain how exercise perceptions are developed from the participants' perspective. The process of creating perceptions of exercise is a continuous, circular, happening with the consequences leading to the development of exercise perceptions. The context may change but the overall process retains applicability to creating perceptions of exercise. The subjective insight gained throughout the development of the theory: the creation of perceptions of exercise, gives light to numerous areas for future nursing research and practice in hopes of improving the overall quality of life among this population.
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Beynon, Stephanie Jane. "Behaviour Problems in Children with Asthma and their Siblings." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Educational Studies and Human Development, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/3158.
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The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between asthma and behaviour,
between children with asthma (mean age= 6.11), and their siblings without asthma (mean age=
6.03). Maternal reports of children’s behaviour with asthma (N=10) and their siblings without
asthma (N=10) were measured using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Additional
questions on asthma severity and general health were also included. Using a Chi-square method
for matched pairs, the findings indicated that children with asthma did not have more behaviour
problems than their siblings who did not have asthma. However, children with asthma were more
likely to have tantrums and problems with attention than were their siblings without asthma. The
total behaviour score indicated that for seven of the sibling pairs their behaviour was similar, in
that there were no problems. Additionally, children who had asthma and took preventer
medication were less likely to have behaviour problems than children who did not use asthma
preventers. This study was limited by the small sample size and the reliance on maternal reported
measure of behaviour. Important factors that might affect behaviour in children with asthma and
their siblings were identified, and directions for future research and clinical practice have been
proposed.
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Tang, Ho-ming Raymond. "Empathy and psychological adjustment in Chinese children with asthma." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29789497.
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