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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Astrocytes'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Contreras-Sesvold, Carmen Sesvold Carmen Contreras. "Reactive astrocytes : phenotypic and functional characteristics and astrocytes as neural stem cells /." Download the thesis in PDF, 2006. http://www.lrc.usuhs.mil/dissertations/pdf/ContrerasSesvold2006.pdf.

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2

Feresten, Abigail Helms. "Astrocytes in psychotic disorder." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/45435.

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Astrocyte dysregulation has been implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BPD), however the exact nature of astrocytic alterations remains to be identified. I investigated whether levels of four astrocyte-specific proteins; glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), aldehyde dehydrogenase type 1L1 (ALDH1L1), vimentin, and excitatory amino acid transporter type 1 (EAAT1) are altered in SCZ and BPD. Immunohistochemical staining of ALDH1L1 and GFAP in human grey and white matter was also performed, and staining patterns compared qualitatively. Relative concentra

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3

Jai-Yoon, Sul. "Calcium signalling in astrocytes." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.391921.

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4

Škovierova, H., S. Mahmood, E. Blahovcova, J. Strnadel, J. Sopkova, and E. Halašova. "Homocystene and human astrocytes." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2016. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/44950.

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Astrocytes are multipotent and serve surprisingly large and diverse variety of functions, providing for the overall brain homeostasis, assisting in neurogenesis, determining the microarchitecture of the grey matter, and defending the brain through evolutionary conserved astrogliosis programs. Astrocytes are specifically involved in various neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, and various forms of dementia. Homocysteine is a nonessential sulphur-containing amino acid that had been linked with neurodegenerative diseases and aging.

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5

James, L. R. "Calcium signal transduction in astrocytes." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.605022.

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Ca<sup>2+</sup> signals can exhibit great spatiotemporal complexity, leading to the hypothesis that the dynamics of Ca<sup>2+</sup> signals may allow astrocytes to discriminate between stimuli. An <i>in vitro</i> model system of primary cerebellar and cortical astrocytes was tailored to test this hypothesis, by comparing the kinetics of the Ca<sup>2+</sup> signal evoked by different receptor agonists. It was found that known physiological agonists triggered highly heterogeneous responses, but there were no systematic trends in the specific kinetic parameters of Ca<sup>2+</sup> signals that dep

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6

Cambray-Deakin, M. "Astrocytes : targets for neuroactive substances." Thesis, Open University, 1985. http://oro.open.ac.uk/56910/.

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7

Cahoy, John David. "Genomic analysis of highly purified astrocytes reveals in vivo astrocyte gene expression : a new resource for understanding astrocyte development and function /." May be available electronically:, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/login?COPT=REJTPTU1MTUmSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=12498.

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8

Mhyre, Andrew James. "Mechanisms of estrogen signaling in astrocytes /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6266.

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9

Siushansian, Ramin. "Vitamin C transport by cerebral astrocytes." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq21315.pdf.

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10

Blaszczyk, Lucie. "Etude des cellules astrocytaires et microgliales thalamiques dans un modèle de douleur neuropathique chez le rat." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0081/document.

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La douleur chronique est une pathologie invalidante de longue durée notamment caractériséepar trois symptômes : l’allodynie (un stimulus non douloureux est perçu comme douloureux),l’hyperalgésie (un stimulus douloureux est perçu comme encore plus douloureux) et desdouleurs ambulatoires. Quand cette douleur est due à une lésion ou une dysfonction du systèmenerveux on parle de douleur neuropathique. Chez les patients et les modèles animaux dedouleurs neuropathiques, les études ont montré que les neurones thalamiques étaienthyperexcitables. Les cellules gliales, astrocytes et microglies, sont des

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11

Chen, Xiaoqian. "The identification of 14-3-3[gamma] in astrocytes and its mechanism in protecting astrocytes from ischemia /." View Abstract or Full-Text, 2002. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?BIOL%202002%20CHEN.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 2002.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 180-202). Also available in electronic version. Access restricted to campus users.

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12

Carney, Karen. "Caractérisation Protéomique Des Prolongements Astrocytaires au Cours de la Plasticité Synaptique." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0270/document.

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Les astrocytes sont les cellules les plus abondantes dans le cerveau où ils sontimpliquées dans une myriade de fonctions telles que la neurogénèse, l’homéostasieionique, le soutien métabolique, l’élimination des substances toxiques et dans laréponse aux lésions cérébrales. Des altérations fonctionnelles des astrocytes ont étéassociées avec des pathologies telles que l’épilepsie, la depression et laschizophrénie. A ce titre, l’étude de la contribution astrocytaire aux fonctionssynaptiques revêt un intérêt clinique et sociétal assez conséquent. Dans cette thèse,j’ai évalué le potentiel de plusie

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13

Morgan, Sarah V. "Tight junction protein expression in human astrocytes." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/14403/.

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Tight junctions are formed from a complex of different individual proteins. These complexes are expressed by epithelial cells and form an intercellular barrier which restricts and regulates paracellular permeability. Tight junction proteins have also been shown to be expressed in non-epithelial cells which do not form tight junctions, including astrocytes. The function(s) of these proteins within non-epithelial cells, however, remains unclear. This study aims to characterise the expression of tight junction proteins in astrocytes and investigate the function(s) of these proteins in these cells

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14

O'Brien, Emma Rosemary. "The role of astrocytes in brain metastasis." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:60efc7bd-4f00-4e84-a964-c4ef55009dfb.

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15

Supattapone, Surachai. "The effects of endothelin on rat astrocytes." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.279908.

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16

Nash, Besma. "The dual role of astrocytes in myelination." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2010. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2378/.

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Astrocytes are the most abundant cell within the central nervous system (CNS) and yet despite this, the true extent of their role in health and disease has not been fully elucidated. In the undamaged CNS, they are termed quiescent, where they maintain homeostasis. However, after injury or disease astrocytes become reactive where they are described as a physical and molecular barrier to regeneration. Emerging literature has suggested the existence of an additional phenotype of astrocyte, termed the activated astrocyte. These astrocytes are thought to enhance regeneration by creating a more grow

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17

Hashemian, Sanazalsadat. "Interaction between nerve fiber formation and astrocytes." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Histologi med cellbiologi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-88366.

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Parkinson’s disease, the second most common neurodegenerative disorder,is characterized by loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons. To date,there is no defined cause and cure for the disease. An ideal treatmentstrategy is to replace the lost neurons by transplanting fetal dopaminergicneurons to the brain of parkinsonian patients. Clinical trials have beenperformed and the outcome was variable where one significant obstaclewas the limited graft reinnervation of the host brain. To study this issue,organotypic tissue culture can be utilized to monitor dopaminergic nervefiber outgrowth in vitro

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18

Mead, Carole. "Studies of toxic responses in cultured astrocytes." Thesis, University of Salford, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244928.

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19

Marschinke, Franziska. "From dopamine nerve fiber formation to astrocytes." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Section for Histology and Cell Biology, Umeå University, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-20615.

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20

CHIACCHIARETTA, MARTINA. "Impact of graphene nanosheets on primary astrocytes." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/929833.

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21

Tsang, Yuen Ting. "Expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in reactive astrocytes provides neuroprotection to SH-SY5Y cells against six-hydroxydopamine toxicity invitro." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2012. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/1392.

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22

Smith, Maria Civita. "MAPPING ASTROCYTE DEVELOPMENT IN THE DORSAL CORTEX OF THE MOUSE BRAIN." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1373039738.

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23

Nadkarni, Suhita. "Dynamics of Dressed Neurons: Modeling the Neural-Glial Circuit and Exploring its Normal and Pathological Implications." Ohio : Ohio University, 2005. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1125689320.

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24

Le, Douce Juliette. "Altération métabolique et déficit synaptique dans la maladie d'Alzheimer : rôle de la PHGDH astrocytaire." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066552/document.

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Les patients atteints de la MA souffrent d'altérations métaboliques et synaptiques précoces. Via la glycolyse et le cycle de Krebs, le métabolisme du glucose permet la production d'ATP, essentielle à l'activité et la plasticité synaptique. Contrairement aux neurones, les astrocytes utilisent majoritairement la glycolyse pour métaboliser le glucose. En plus de la production d'énergie, la glycolyse fournit les précurseurs indispensables à la synthèse de biomolécules comme la L-sérine. Cet acide aminé est produit à partir du glucose par la déviation du 3-phosphoglycérate (3PG), un intermédiaire g

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25

Syed, Nasser. "Arginine vasopressin and somatostatin receptors in rat astrocytes." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2006.

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26

Small, Lorne N. (Lorne Neil). "The composition of inclusions specific to Gomori astrocytes." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22805.

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Gomori astrocytes, found in periventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus, contain large, electron dense, pleomorphic inclusions. The Gomori inclusions emit an orange-red autofluorescence, consistent with porphyrin and stain with diaminobenzidine, indicative of peroxidase activity. Although the orange-red autofluorescence is suggestive of porphyrins, it has not been shown that porphyrins concentrate in Gomori inclusions. The present study shows that a radioactively labeled porphyrin precursor does localize to Gomori inclusions. The peroxidase activity is thought to result from redox active transi

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27

Cookson, Mark R. "Studies of activation and toxicity in cultured astrocytes." Thesis, University of Salford, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308094.

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28

Vladimirov, Andrew A. "Metabolic receptor cross-talk and excitotoxicity in astrocytes." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.399955.

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29

Martin-Biran, Magali. "Etude par spectroscopie de RMN du métabolisme des neurones et des astrocytes en culture primaire." Bordeaux 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR28314.

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Dans la perspective de mieux comprendre les phénomènes de compartimentation cellulaire au sein du système nerveux central, nous avons choisi de définir les caractéristiques métaboliques des neurones et des astrocytes en culture primaire homogène. Le devenir métabolique du [1-13C]glucose dans les neurones et les astrocytes cérébelleux, de même que dans les astrocytes corticaux, a été caractérisé par spectroscopie de RMN. Les astrocytes, contrairement aux neurones, synthétisent la glutamine. La maturation des voies de biosynthèse de cet acide aminé est retardée dans les astrocytes cérébelleux pa

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30

Abjean, Laurene. "Les astrocytes réactifs, des partenaires anti-agrégants dans la maladie de Huntington : identification des mécanismes impliqués dans le dialogue neurone-astrocyte." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS088.

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La maladie de Huntington (MH) est une maladie neurodégénérative causée par une extension de répétitions du codon CAG dans le gène de la Huntingtine (Htt). Cette maladie est caractérisée par la mort des neurones striataux et la présence d’agrégats de Htt mutée (mHtt). De plus, au cours de la MH, les astrocytes, qui sont essentiels au bon fonctionnement neuronal, changent d’état et deviennent réactifs. La réactivité astrocytaire est caractérisée par des changements morphologiques et transcriptomiques mais l’impact fonctionnel de cette réactivité reste peu compris.Afin d’étudier le rôle des astro

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31

Moreno, García Álvaro. "Endocannabinoid modulation of astroglial cells in multiple sclerosis." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022BORD0171.

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La sclérose en plaques (SEP) est une maladie inflammatoire chronique à médiation immunitaire du système nerveux central et est une cause majeure de handicap chez les jeunes adultes. Il est bien établi que l'activation des astrocytes est à l'origine de l'inflammation chronique et de la neurodégénérescence dans le modèle d'encéphalomyélite auto-immune expérimentale (EAE) de la SEP et que la modulation in vivo de la signalisation astrocytaire a des effets bénéfiques sur la progression de la maladie. L'identification des facteurs conduisant à l'activité pathogène des astrocytes dans la SEP contrib

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32

Eraso, Pichot Abel. "Adaptive regulation of calcium excitability and energy metabolism by CREB-dependent transcription in astrocytes: study of the mechanisms governing astrocyte plasticity." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/664170.

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Cada cop més evidencies suggereixen que els astròcits participen en les altes funcions cerebrals, controlant des de la transmissió sinàptica fins a les ones cerebrals globals i els processos d’aprenentatge i memòria. Diferents mecanismes han sigut proposats com a responsables d’aquests processos mediats per astròcits, entre ells, l’alliberació de gliotransmissors a partir de les senyals de calci així com la de lactat semblen els principals efectors. L’existència d’aquest control de les funcions cerebrals per part dels astròcits suggereix que aquestes cèl·lules poden regular les funcions cerebr

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33

Blum, Andrew E. "G Protein-Coupled Receptor Regulation of ATP release from Astrocytes." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1264192022.

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34

Stephan, Jonathan Verfasser], Christine R. [Akademischer Betreuer] Rose, and Dieter [Akademischer Betreuer] [Willbold. "Mechanisms of ammonium-induced depolarization of astrocytes in situ." Düsseldorf : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1015363687/34.

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35

Wrzos, Claudia. "The role of astrocytes for oligodendrocyte death and remyelination." Doctoral thesis, Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-000D-F1F4-E.

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36

Hirst, Warren David. "Serotonin receptors on astrocytes in vitro and in vivo." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.336284.

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37

Hernandez, Ernesto. "MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF LARVAL DROSOPHILA ASTROCYTES IN THE VNC." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/613064.

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Understanding the ongoing signaling between neurons and glial cells requires a detailed analysis of glial cell morphology and physiology. In particular, the shapes and distribution of glial cells help to dictate roles astrocytes play in regulating neuronal function. In each segment of the ventral nerve cord of Drosophila, the neuropil is organized into distinct motor, interneuron, and sensory neuropils. Each hemisegment of the neuropil is served by six astrocytes, with somas in characteristic positions around the edge of neuropil. Here we use Flp-out (Ito et al., 1997) and MultiColor Flp

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38

Stone, Rebecca. "Glutathione release from astrocytes; characterization and implications for neurodegeneration." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.395567.

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39

Gee, James Michael. "Genetic tools for imaging intracellular calcium dynamics in astrocytes." Thesis, The University of Utah, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10193205.

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<p> New evidence afforded by advanced live-tissue imaging techniques indicates that astrocytes, the predominant glial cell subtype, play a far more active role in synaptic physiology than was previously appreciated. Evolved iterations of genetically encoded calcium indicators, primarily the GCaMP variants, have enabled high spatiotemporal resolution detection of intracellular activity, but are limited by few options for gene transfection and expression. The goal of this dissertation work was to develop novel GCaMP-based tools for straightforward optical interrogation of astrocytic activity in

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40

Briens, Aurélien. "Contrôle du système d'activation du plasminogène par les astrocytes." Caen, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CAEN3144.

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L’activation du plasminogène en plasmine par l’activateur tissulaire du plasminogène (tPA) initie la fibrinolyse dans le compartiment sanguin. Mais les enzymes de ce système sont aussi retrouvées dans le parenchyme cérébral où elles participent à des processus physiologiques comme la plasticité synaptique et à des processus pathologiques comme la mort neuronale excitotoxique en renforçant notamment la signalisation glutamatergique. Il doit donc exister des mécanismes cérébraux de régulation du système d’activation du plasminogène. Les astrocytes sont des cellules gliales coopérant avec les neu

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41

Tournier, Cathy. "Regulation des map kinases dans les astrocytes de rat." Paris 11, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA11T007.

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42

Khan, Dilaware [Verfasser]. "The Relationship between Astrocytes, Inflammation and Epileptogenesis / Dilaware Khan." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1140525824/34.

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43

Reyes, Reno Cervo. "The role of mitochondria and plasma membrane CA²⁺ transport systems in CA²⁺-dependent glutamate release from rat cortical astrocytes." Thesis, Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2009. https://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2010r/reyes.pdf.

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44

PROVENZANO, FRANCESCA. "Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes and exosome-shuttled miRNAs ameliorate the reactive and neurotoxic phenotype of mouse SOD1G93A astrocytes and human-derived SOD1A4V astrocytes." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/996729.

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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease affecting primarily motor neurons (MNs) but involving also non-neuronal cells. Nowadays, it is well recognised that astrocytes, microglia and oligodendrocytes play a central role in disease onset and progression. In particular, astrocytes acquire a toxic phenotype characterized by an abnormal proliferation and by the release of neurotoxic factors, including pro-inflammatory cytokines (Lee et al., 2016). We have previously shown that the intravenous administration of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in SOD1G93A mice prolonged

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45

Hamel, Rodolphe. "Biologie du virus zika dans les cellules cutanées et les astrocytes." Thesis, Montpellier, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MONTT003.

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Le virus Zika (ZIKV), virus découvert pour la première fois à la fin des années quarante, est un arbovirus émergent récemment arrivé sous le feu des projecteurs à l’occasion d’une pandémie rapide à l’échelle mondiale. Appartenant à la famille des Flaviviridae, ce flavivirus est transmis par les moustiques du genre Aedes. Alors qu’on le croyait relativement peu pathogène, ce virus se révèle être la cause probable d’une vague de complications neurologiques, incluant l’apparition de microcéphalies et de syndromes de Guillain-Barré. De plus, il n’existe à l’heure actuelle ni vaccins ni traitements

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46

Ghezali, Grégory. "Control of synaptic transmission by astroglial connexin 30 : molecular basis, activity-dependence and physiological implication." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066423/document.

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Les astrocytes périsynaptiques participent activement, au côté des neurones, dans le traitement de l’information cérébrale. Une propriété essentielle des astrocytes est d’exprimer un niveau élevé de protéines appelées connexines (Cxs), et formant les sous-unités des jonctions communicantes. Étonnamment, bien qu’il ait été suggéré très tôt que la Cx30 astrocytaire soit impliquée dans des processus cognitifs, son rôle exact dans la neurophysiologie demeure cependant encore mal connu. Nous avons récemment révélé que la Cx30, via une fonction non-canal inédite, contrôle la force et la plasticité d

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47

Lefevre, Yan. "Rôle de la glie dans la douleur chronique d'origine cancéreuse chez le rat." Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR22090/document.

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Dans le présent travail, le rôle de la glie dans l’expression de la douleur cancéreuse et de la douleur neuropathique a été étudié de façon comparative. Le modèle animal de douleur cancéreuse a été obtenu par injection osseuse dans le tibia, chez la rate Sprague-Dawley, de cellules de carcinome mammaire de type MRMT-1. Le modèle de douleur neuropathique a été obtenu chez le rat Wistar par ligature des nerfs spinaux L5 et L6. Les données obtenues par l’analyse du comportement douloureux en réponse à la stimulation par des filaments de von Frey ont permis de quantifier l’allodynie et l’hyperalgé

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48

Ma, Meihui. "Interactions of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 proteins with astrocytes." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq23632.pdf.

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49

Li, Lizhen. "The role of reactive astrocytes in brain ischemia and neurotrauma /." Göteborg : Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Göteborg University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2077/772.

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Sabri, Farideh. "Astrocytes during HIV infection of the brain : relevance for neuropathogenesis /." Stockholm, 2000. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2000/91-628-4536-5/.

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