Journal articles: 'Astrofisica'

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Scuderi, Salvatore. "The ASTRI Mini-Array: A New Pathfinder for Imaging Cherenkov Telescope Arrays." Universe 10, no. 3 (March 16, 2024): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe10030146.

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The ASTRI Mini-Array is an Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) project to build and operate an array of nine Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) at the Teide Astronomical Observatory of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias in Tenerife (Spain) based on a host agreement with INAF and, as such, it will be the largest IACT array until the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory starts operations. Implementing the ASTRI Mini-Array poses several challenges from technical, logistic, and management points of view. Starting from the description of the innovative technologies adopted to build the telescopes, we will discuss the solutions adopted to overcome these challenges, making the ASTRI Mini-Array a great instrument to perform deep observations of the galactic and extra-galactic sky at very high energies.

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CHINNICI, ILEANA. "19TH CENTURY SPECTROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS IN ITALIAN ASTRONOMICAL OBSERVATORIES." Nuncius 15, no. 2 (2000): 671–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/182539100x00092.

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Abstracttitle RIASSUNTO /title Questo paper esamina l'attivit di ricerca condotta in Italia nella seconda met del XIX secolo nel campo della nascente astrofisica, soffermandosi sugli strumenti allora utilizzati dai principali esponenti di questa disciplina e sui costruttori italiani di strumenti spettroscopici. Si tenta quindi di dare una spiegazione della debolezza dell'industria italiana in questo settore che si inquadra nella crisi generale del settore degli strumenti scientifici nel XIX secolo in Italia.

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Bernstein, H. H., R. Hering, M. Badiali, D. Cardini, and A. Emanuele. "Methods of HIPPARCOS Double Star Parameter Estimation for Relative and Absolute Astrometry within the FAST Consortium." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 135 (1992): 439–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s025292110000693x.

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AbstractThis paper outlines the details of astrometric parameter determination of double stars from HIPPARCOS observations as prepared in the FAST consortium. Methods of parameter estimation are developed for relative astrometry and absolute astrometry. The capability of the procedures will be demonstrated using simulated observations, in describing the particular steps of a Monte Carlo simulation which have been executed at the Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale (IAS) and at the Astronomisches Rechen–Institut (ARI).

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Stanghellini, Letizia. "Multiple shell Planetary Nebulae: Evolutionary paths and observed configurations." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 180 (1997): 319–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900131158.

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Recent observations of multiple shell planetary nebulae confirm the existing subdivision into two morphological types: attached halo and detached halo. The multiple shell phenomenon appears in about twenty-five percent of round and elliptical planetary nebulae of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias morphological survey. The analysis of these nebulae together with that of their central stars lead to the interpretation that detached halo nebulae are formed through discontinuous mass loss at the Asymptotic Giant Branch tip. The attached halo nebulae, instead, are probably produced via dynamical nebular shaping.

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Foreword, Editorial,. "The Tenth International Workshop on MULTIFREQUENCY BEHAVIOUR OF HIGH ENERGY COSMIC SOURCES Palermo, Italy, 2013." Acta Polytechnica CTU Proceedings 1, no. 1 (December 5, 2014): i—xii. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/app.2014.01.9001.

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Organizing Institutions: Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali IAPS-INAF, Roma, Italy Dpt de Cargas Utiles y Ciencias del Espacio, DCUCE-INTA Madrid, Spain E.O. Hulburt Center for Space Research, HCA-NRL, Washington D.C., USA Max-Planck Institut fr Extraterrestrische Physik, MPE, Garching, Germany St. John’s College, SJC, Annapolis MD, USA Institute für Astronomie und Astrophysik, Karls Eberhard, Universität SAND 1, Tübingen, Germany ASCR - Astronomical Institute, Ondřejov, Czech Republic CTU - Czech Technical University, Prague, Czech Republic

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Jablonski, F., R. Baptista, J. Barroso, C. D. Gneiding, F. Rodrigues, and R. P. Campos. "Calibration of the UBVRI high-speed photometer of Laboratorio Nacionale de Astrofisica, Brazil." Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 106 (November 1994): 1172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/133495.

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Foreword, Editorial,. "Workshop on The Golden Age of Cataclysmic Variables and Related Objects - II ." Acta Polytechnica CTU Proceedings 2, no. 1 (February 23, 2015): ii—xvii. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/app.2015.02.9001.

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Organizing Institutions: INAF – Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali, Roma – INAF-IAPS, Roma, Italy INTA – Dpt. de Cargas Utiles y Ciencias del Espacio, INTA-DCUCE, Madrid, Spain Czech Republic Academy of Sciences – Astronomical Institute, ASCR-AI, Ondřejov, Czech Republic Czech Technical University, CTU in Prague, Czech Republic Department of Physics, Technion, Haifa, Israel Russian Academy of Sciences – Institute of Astronomy, RAS-IA, Moscow, Russia INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte, INAF-OAC, Napoli, Italy Department of Astronomy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA

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HERNANI BURZACO, JUAN TOMAS. "THE LITTLE iSIM, A STORY ABOUT SATLANTIS: THE ASTROPHYSICS OF LOOKING DOWN." DYNA 97, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.6036/10307.

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Any birth, any access to life requires determination, coordination of cooperating organs and a remarkable energy threshold to overcome the resistances of this process. In a company as well. Satlantis was born in Florida, in October 2013, after a 3-year pregnancy within the Astrophysics Department of the University of Florida, in a birth captained by the father of the creature himself, Rafael Guzman, director of the department and in the presence of the family, Cristina Garmendia and myself.

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Busko, I. C., and J. E. Steiner. "“On the Broad Hα Component of IC 5063, IC 5135 and NGC 2992”." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 134 (1989): 90–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900140446.

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As part of a high resolution (0.55Å) spectroscopic survey of southern Seyfert galaxies, we observed a number of objects in the Hα region. The main goal of this survey is to study the profiles of the narrow lines in Seyfert 1 and Seyfert 2 galaxies. As a by-product, one can search for and analyse weak broad components in Ha that sometimes show up when Seyfert 2 galaxies are observed with high resolution and high signal to noise. Such objects are usually classified as Seyfert 1.8 or 1.9. The search and detailed study of these objects is of great importance for characterizing the weak end of the luminosity function of active galactic nuclei (AGN). The observations were made with a two channel intensified Reticon at the Coude spectrograph of the 1.6m telescope at the Laboratorio Nacional de Astrofisica (CNPq/LNA).

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Scuderi, Salvatore. "The ASTRI Program." EPJ Web of Conferences 209 (2019): 01001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201920901001.

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The ASTRI (Astrofisica con Specchi a Tecnologia Replicante Italiana) program was born as a collaborative international effort led by the Italian National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF) to design and realize, within the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) framework, an end-to-end prototype of the Small-Sized Telescope (SST) in a dual-mirror configuration (2M). While the activities concerning the characterization of the prototype are under completion, the program entered a new phase. With the final aim of contributing at the production of the SST telescopes for the CTAO Southern site, we started the development of nine telescopes based on the evolution of the ASTRI prototype design to work as pathfinder for the CTAO. Furthermore, together with the CHEC (Compact High Energy Camera) collaboration, the ASTRI team presented a proposal, that will be evaluated with other proposals, to deliver to CTAO the complete set of SST telescopes.

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Femenia, B., R. Rebolo, C. M. Gutierrez, M. Limon, and L. Piccirillo. "The Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias–Bartol Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropy Experiment: Results of the 1994 Campaign." Astrophysical Journal 498, no. 1 (May 1998): 117–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/305549.

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MINIATI, MARA. "AA.VV., Astronomia e astrofisica in URSS. A cura di Livio Gratton. Bari, Edizioni Dedalo 1987, 166 pp." Nuncius 2, no. 2 (1987): 297–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/182539187x00358.

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Brunetto, R., T. Pino, E. Dartois, A. T. Cao, L. d'Hendecourt, G. Strazzulla, and Ph Bréchignac. "Ion irradiation effects on sooting flames by-products." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 4, S251 (February 2008): 435–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921308022096.

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AbstractCarbonaceous extraterrestrial matter is observed in a wide variety of astrophysical environments. Spectroscopic signatures reveal a large variety of chemical structure illustrating the rich carbon chemistry that occurs in space. In order to produce laboratory analogues of the carbonaceous cosmic dust, a new chemical reactor has been built in the Laboratoire de Photophysique Moléculaire. It is a low pressure flat burner providing flames of premixed hydrocarbon/oxygen gas mixtures, closely following the model system used by the combustion community. In such a device the flame is a one-dimensional chemical reactor offering a broad range of combustion conditions and sampling which allows production of many and various by-products. In the present work, we have studied the effect of ion irradiation (200-400 keV), at the Laboratorio di Astrofisica Sperimentale in Catania, on several samples, ranging from strongly aromatic to strongly aliphatic materials. Infrared and Raman spectra were monitored to follow the evolution of the films under study, and characterize the irradiation process-induced modifications.

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Steck, T., T. von Clarmann, H. Fischer, B. Funke, N. Glatthor, U. Grabowski, M. Höpfner, et al. "Bias determination and precision validation of ozone profiles from MIPAS-Envisat retrieved with the IMK-IAA processor." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 7, no. 2 (March 30, 2007): 4427–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-7-4427-2007.

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Abstract. This paper characterizes vertical ozone profiles retrieved with the IMK-IAA (Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research, Karlsruhe – Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia) science-oriented processor from spectra measured by the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) aboard the environmental satellite Envisat. Bias determination and precision validation is performed on the basis of correlative measurements by ground-based lidars, Fourier transform infrared spectrometers, and microwave radiometers as well as balloon-borne ozonesondes, the balloon-borne version of MIPAS, and two satellite instruments (Halogen Occultation Experiment and Polar Ozone and Aerosol Measurement III). Percentage mean differences between MIPAS and the comparison instruments for stratospheric ozone are within ±10%. The precision in this altitude region is estimated at values between 5 and 10% which gives an accuracy of 15 to 20%. Below 18 km, the spread of the percentage mean differences is larger and the precision increases to values of more than 20% depending on altitude and latitude. The main reason for the degraded precision at low altitudes is attributed to undetected thin clouds which affect MIPAS retrievals, and to the influence of uncertainties in the water vapor concentration.

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Steck, T., T. von Clarmann, H. Fischer, B. Funke, N. Glatthor, U. Grabowski, M. Höpfner, et al. "Bias determination and precision validation of ozone profiles from MIPAS-Envisat retrieved with the IMK-IAA processor." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 7, no. 13 (July 11, 2007): 3639–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-3639-2007.

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Abstract. This paper characterizes vertical ozone profiles retrieved with the IMK-IAA (Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research, Karlsruhe – Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia) science-oriented processor from high spectral resolution data (until March 2004) measured by the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) aboard the environmental satellite Envisat. Bias determination and precision validation is performed on the basis of correlative measurements by ground-based lidars, Fourier transform infrared spectrometers, and microwave radiometers as well as balloon-borne ozonesondes, the balloon-borne version of MIPAS, and two satellite instruments (Halogen Occultation Experiment and Polar Ozone and Aerosol Measurement III). Percentage mean differences between MIPAS and the comparison instruments for stratospheric ozone are generally within ±10%. The precision in this altitude region is estimated at values between 5 and 10% which gives an accuracy of 15 to 20%. Below 18 km, the spread of the percentage mean differences is larger and the precision degrades to values of more than 20% depending on altitude and latitude. The main reason for the degraded precision at low altitudes is attributed to undetected thin clouds which affect MIPAS retrievals, and to the influence of uncertainties in the water vapor concentration.

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Ermolli, I., T. Chatzistergos, F. Giorgi, V. M. S. Carrasco, A. J. P. Aparicio, and I. Chinnici. "Solar Observations by Angelo Secchi. I. Digitization of Original Documents and Analysis of Group Numbers over the Period of 1853–1878." Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 269, no. 2 (December 1, 2023): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ad0886.

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Abstract Angelo Secchi, an Italian Jesuit and prominent scientist of the 19th century, and one of the founders of modern astrophysics, observed the Sun regularly at the Collegio Romano in Rome, Italy, for more than 25 yr. Results from his observations are reported in articles published in the scientific journals of the time, as well as in drawings and personal notebooks that are stored in the historical archive of the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma. The latter material, which reports solar observations performed from 1853–1878, includes original documents from Secchi and from a few of his close collaborators. The above unique material has recently been digitized for preservation purposes and for allowing the scientific exploitation of data not easily accessible so far. A total of more than 5400 digital images have been produced. Here we present the archival material and the new digital data derived from it. We also present results obtained from our primary analysis of the new digital data. In particular, we produced new measurements of the group number from 1853–1878, which will be available for future recalibration of the group number series.

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Federici, Memmo, and Bruno L. Martino. "A COMPUTER CLUSTER SYSTEM FOR PSEUDO-PARALLEL EXECUTION OF GEANT4 SERIAL APPLICATION." Acta Polytechnica 53, A (December 18, 2013): 829–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/ap.2013.53.0829.

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Simulation of the interactions between particles and matter in studies for developing X-rays detectors generally requires very long calculation times (up to several days or weeks). These times are often a serious limitation for the success of the simulations and for the accuracy of the simulated models. One of the tools used by the scientific community to perform these simulations is Geant4 (Geometry And Tracking) [2, 3]. On the best of experience in the design of the AVES cluster computing system, Federici et al. [1], the IAPS (Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali INAF) laboratories were able to develop a cluster computer system dedicated to Geant 4. The Cluster is easy to use and easily expandable, and thanks to the design criteria adopted it achieves an excellent compromise between performance and cost. The management software developed for the Cluster splits the single instance of simulation on the cores available, allowing the use of software written for serial computation to reach a computing speed similar to that obtainable from a native parallel software. The simulations carried out on the Cluster showed an increase in execution time by a factor of 20 to 60 compared to the times obtained with the use of a single PC of medium quality.

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Barmenkov, Yuri O., Pablo Muniz-Canovas, Alexander V. Kir'yanov, Josue Adin Minguela-Gallardo, Georgina Beltrán-Pérez, Jose Luis Cruz, and Miguel V. Andres. "Noise fiber lasers." Suplemento de la Revista Mexicana de Física 2, no. 1 Jan-Mar (March 31, 2021): 116–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.31349/suplrevmexfis.2.1.116.

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In this paper, we present a brief review of the noise operation mode of fiber lasers. These lasers were studied recently by collaborative group that includes researchers, professors, and Ph.D. students from the Centro de Investigaciones en Optica, A.C. (Leon, Guanajuato, Mexico) and from the Universidad de Valencia (Valencia, Spain). Meanwhile, the pioneer works in this topic important for understanding the physics behind fiber lasers’ operation and for practical applications were done with the active participation of Dr. Evgeny Kuzin from the Instituto Nacional de Astrofisica, Optica y Electronica (Puebla, Mexico) and Dr. Georgina Beltrán-Pérez from the Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (Puebla, Mexico), whose Ph.D. study was supervised by him. The fiber lasers under study were based on commercial erbium- and ytterbium-doped fibers as gain media and operated in continuous-wave and actively Q-switched regimes. All these fiber lasers were arranged in Fabry-Perot cavity configuration with fiber Bragg gratings as narrow-band reflectors. In the case of actively Q-switched lasers a standard fiberized acousto-optic modulator was placed close to the rear (100%) reflector. The most important conclusion of all the works grounding the present review is that, independently on laser operation regime, continuous wave or actively Q-switched, these fiber lasers operate in the extremely noise regime with the photon statistics described by Bose-Einstein distribution inherent to narrow-band thermal light sources.

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Bravo-Alfaro, Hector. "An Undergraduate Program for Astronomy in México." Transactions of the International Astronomical Union 24, no. 3 (2001): 164–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0251107x00000614.

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Astronomy in México has an ancient tradition, reinforced during the twentieth century by groups working in theoretical and observational astronomy. During the 1990s, the Great Millimeter Telescope (a single 50-m antenna) has been approved, and a 6-m infrared telescope is under study. Graduate and undergraduate programs must be improved to prepare future Mexican and Latin American astronomers to take advantage of these facilities. To meet the challenge, two traditional Mexican programs (Instituto de Astronomia-UNAM and Instituto Nacional de Astrofisica, Optica y Electronica-INAOE) are updating their graduate programs. Similarly, the Departamento de Astronomía de la Universidad de Guanajuato is joining physicists in the first undergraduate program in México in physics and engineering with an option in astrophysics. This will prepare students for industry, academia or national laboratories, either in physics or astronomy. Jobs in academia have been scarce; many students had to give up their goals after one or two postdoctoral positions. Graduate and undergraduate programs must adjust, by broadening the scope of present programs so that students are better prepared for other job opportunities. We present a B.Sc. program designed by astronomers and physicists to try to address some of these concerns and to prepare the students for either continuing with graduate studies or finding employment in an ever-changing job market. (Co-author is Victor Migenes, Guamajato, México.)

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Cutajar, D., A. Magro, J. Borg, K. Z. Adami, G. Bianchi, G. Pupillo, A. Mattana, et al. "PyBIRALES: A Radar Data Processing Backend for the Real-Time Detection of Space Debris." Journal of Astronomical Instrumentation 09, no. 01 (February 26, 2020): 2050003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2251171720500038.

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The growing population of artificial satellites in near-Earth orbit has made the monitoring of orbital debris objects ever more important. Orbital debris objects pose a threat to these satellites as their orbit cannot be changed in order to avoid a collision. In recent years, the European Space Agency (ESA)’s Space Surveillance and Tracking (SST) programme has been assisting national institutions in the upgrading of their space debris detection and monitoring capabilities. One of the latest such systems within this programme is the BIRALES space surveillance system based in Italy. The receiving antenna is a radio telescope that is made up of 32 receivers which are placed on eight parabolic cylindrical reflectors of the North–South arm of the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF)’s Northern Cross. This work introduces a new software backend which was developed for this novel space debris sensor. The system was designed to be a fast, highly configurable software backend for the radio telescope’s acquisition and processing system and whose monitoring and control can be realized by a simple front-end web-based application. The real-time detection of Resident Space Object (RSO) is an important prerequisite for such a system as it gives the operator an immediate feedback loop on any detections whilst keeping the storage requirements at a minimum given that there is no need to save the raw data. The detection of high-velocity objects is achieved by means of a specially developed data processing pipeline that uses the received raw antenna voltages to generate a number of beams, collectively known as a multipixel, that cover the Field of View (FoV) of the instrument. The trajectory of the detected objects is determined by considering the illumination sequence within this multipixel. The initial results on known objects represent the first steps in extending the growing network of European SST systems.

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Stiller, G. P., M. Kiefer, E. Eckert, T. von Clarmann, S. Kellmann, M. García-Comas, B. Funke, et al. "Validation of MIPAS IMK/IAA temperature, water vapor, and ozone profiles with MOHAVE-2009 campaign measurements." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions 4, no. 4 (July 11, 2011): 4403–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amtd-4-4403-2011.

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Abstract. MIPAS observations of temperature, water vapor, and ozone in October 2009 as derived with the scientific level-2 processor run by Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK) and CSIC, Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia (IAA) and retrieved from version 4.67 level-1b data have been compared to co-located field campaign observations obtained during the MOHAVE-2009 campaign at the Table Mountain Facility near Pasadena, California in October 2009. The MOHAVE-2009 measurement campaign provided measurements of atmospheric profiles of temperature, water vapor/relative humidity, and ozone from the ground to the mesosphere by a suite of instruments including radio sondes, frost point hygrometers, lidars, microwave radiometers and FTIR spectrometers. For MIPAS temperatures (version V4O_T_204), no significant bias was detected in the middle stratosphere; between 22 km and the tropopause MIPAS temperatures were found to be biased low by up to 2 K, while below the tropopause, they were found to be too high by the same amount. Above 12 km up to 45 km, MIPAS water vapor (version V4O_H2O_203) is well within 10 % of the data of all correlative instruments, while a high bias of up to 10 % is found in comparison to ground-based microwave instruments around 45 km. The well-known dry bias of MIPAS water vapor above 50 km due to neglect of non-LTE effects in the current retrievals has been confirmed. Some instruments indicate that MIPAS water vapor might be biased high by 20 to 40 % around 10 km (or 5 km below the tropopause), but a consistent picture from all comparisons could not be derived. MIPAS ozone (version V4O_O3_202) has a high bias of up to +0.9 ppmv around 37 km which is due to a non-identified continuum like radiance contribution. No further significant biases have been detected. Cross-comparison to co-located observations of other satellite instruments (Aura/MLS, ACE-FTS, AIRS) is provided as well.

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Nirahua, Juliana, Jony Taihuttu, and Venty Sopacua. "PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR BERBASIS BLENDED LEARNING DAN CRITICAL THINKING SKILL PADA MATA KULIAH ASTROFISIKA DALAM MENYONGSONG ERA REVOLUSI INDUSTRI 4.0." Jambura Physics Journal 2, no. 1 (June 2, 2020): 24–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.34312/jpj.v2i1.6869.

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Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan bahan ajar berbasis blended learning dan critical thinking skill pada mata kuliah Astrofisika dan untuk mengetahui kelayakan dari bahan ajar berbasis blended learning dan critical thinking skill yang dikembangkan. Penelitian pengembangan ini menggunakan model pengembangan 4-D dari Thiagarajan yang meliputi 4 tahapan define, design, develop, dan disseminate. Namun pada penelitian ini hanya sampai pada tahapan develop karena hasil penelitian sudah tercapai. Hasil validasi bahan ajar oleh ahli media dan ahli materi menunjukkan bahwa bahan ajar yang dikembangkan valid dan layak untuk diujicobakan. Hasil uji coba pada 30 mahasiswa Astrofisika program studi pendidikan fisika menunjukkan bahwa Bahan Ajar Astrofisika berbasis Blended Learning and Critical Thinking SkillI telah memenuhi standar kelayakan sebagai bahan ajar yang dapat digunakan untuk melatihkan keterampilan berpikir kritis mahasiswa, dapat digunakan secara klasikal dan mandiri, secara online dan offline (face to face).

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Laeng, A., J. Plieninger, T. von Clarmann, U. Grabowski, G. Stiller, E. Eckert, N. Glatthor, et al. "Validation of MIPAS IMK/IAA methane profiles." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 8, no. 12 (December 16, 2015): 5251–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-5251-2015.

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Abstract. The Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) is an infrared (IR) limb emission spectrometer on the Envisat platform. It measures trace gas distributions during day and night, pole-to-pole, over an altitude range from 6 to 70 km in nominal mode and up to 170 km in special modes, depending on the measurement mode, producing more than 1000 profiles day−1. We present the results of a validation study of methane, version V5R_CH4_222, retrieved with the IMK/IAA (Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung, Karlsruhe/Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia, Grenada) MIPAS scientific level 2 processor. The level 1 spectra are provided by the ESA (European Space Agency) and version 5 was used. The time period covered is 2005–2012, which corresponds to the period when MIPAS measured trace gas distributions at a reduced spectral resolution of 0.0625 cm−1. The comparison with satellite instruments includes the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS), the HALogen Occultation Experiment (HALOE), the Solar Occultation For Ice Experiment (SOFIE) and the SCanning Imaging Absorption spectroMeter for Atmospheric CHartographY (SCIAMACHY). Furthermore, comparisons with MkIV balloon-borne solar occultation measurements and with air sampling measurements performed by the University of Frankfurt are presented. The validation activities include bias determination, assessment of stability, precision validation, analysis of histograms and comparison of corresponding climatologies. Above 50 km altitude, MIPAS methane mixing ratios agree within 3 % with ACE-FTS and SOFIE. Between 30 and 40 km an agreement within 3 % with SCIAMACHY has been found. In the middle stratosphere, there is no clear indication of a MIPAS bias since comparisons with various instruments contradict each other. In the lower stratosphere (below 25 km) MIPAS CH4 is biased high with respect to satellite instruments, and the most likely estimate of this bias is 14 %. However, in the comparison with CH4 data obtained from cryogenic whole-air sampler (cryosampler) measurements, there is no evidence of a high bias in MIPAS between 20 and 25 km altitude. Precision validation is performed on collocated MIPAS–MIPAS pairs and suggests a slight underestimation of its uncertainties by a factor of 1.2. No significant evidence of an instrumental drift has been found.

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Nasution, Hasiolan. "TAFSIR ILMI MUKJIZAT AL-QUR’AN TENTANG ASTROFISIKA." TAFAKKUR : Jurnal Ilmu Al-Qur'an dan Tafsir 4, no. 2 (June 30, 2024): 231–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.62359/tafakkur.v4i2.255.

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This article aims to express the Koran's views on astrophysics, one of the fields of science that studies the properties of physical phenomena and astronomical objects in the Universe. Some of Allah's verses are written and some are implied. The Qur'an is the written verse of Allah while the universe is the written verse of Allah. Because both are verses from Allah, there should be no conflict between the two because they both come from Allah SWT. This effort was carried out using qualitative methods and combining them with thematic interpretation methods. So it was found that the Koran talks a lot about written verses such as the sky, light, sun, moon, stars, black holes, and life outside the earth.

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Sasono, Mislan, and Pujianto Pujianto. "PENDEKATAN KONSTRUKTIVISTIK MELALUI METODE LEARNING CYCLE UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PENGUASAAN KONSEP FISIKA PADA MATAKULIAH ASTROFISIKA." Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika dan Keilmuan (JPFK) 1, no. 1 (March 18, 2015): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.25273/jpfk.v1i1.11.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) mendapatkan langkah-langkah penerapan pendekatan konstruktivistik melalui metode learning cycle yang dapat mengaktifkan mahasiswa dalam proses belajar mengajar dan 2) mengetahui apakah pendekatan konstruktivistik melalui metode learning cycle dapat membantu mahasiswa dalam meningkatkan penguasaan konsep fisika pada matakuliah astrofisika . Penelitian ini dilakukan berdasarkan observasi dan permasalahan yang terjadi pada mahasiswa fisika IKIP PGRI Madiun yang mengikuti matakuliah astrofisika. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (Classroom Action Research) dengan subjek penelitian mahasiswa semester III yang mengikuti matakuliah astrofisika. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam tiga siklus dan setiap siklus terdiri dari rencana, tindakan, observasi, serta refleksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siklus ketiga adalah tindakan paling efektif jika dibandingkan dengan siklus yang lain. Tahap-tahap metode learning cycle pada siklus ketiga dapat mengaktifkan mahasiswa dalam proses pembelajaran fisika. Penerapan pendekatan konstruktivistik melalui metode learning cycle dapat meningkatkan penguasaan konsep fisika pada mahasiswa.

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Ariska, Melly, Hamdi Akhsan, Muhammad Muslim, and Siti Nur Azizah. "Pemahaman Konsep Awal Mahasiswa Pendidikan Fisika Terhadap Materi Benda-Benda Langit dalam Perkuliahan Astrofisika." Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Fisika 5, no. 3 (October 31, 2021): 405. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jipf.v5i3.3523.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pemahaman konsep awal pra-perkuliahan mahasiswa program studi pendidikan fisika FKIP Universitas Sriwijaya yang akan mengikuti perkuliahan astrofisika. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif yaitu mengidentifikasi pemahaman konsep awal materi benda-benda langit pada mata kuliah astrofisika. Topik benda benda langit merupakan salah satu topik yang dibahas dalam perkuliahan astrofisika yang merupakan perkuliahan pilihan wajib pada program studi pendidikan fisika. Penelitian ini menggunakan tes diagnostik dua tingkat yang terdiri dari opsi pertanyaan dan opsi alasan. Sampel penelitian yaitu 22 (dua puluh dua) mahasiswa yang akan mengikuti perkuliahan astrofisika. Penelitian ini menghasilkan bahwa pemahaman konsep awal tentang benda-benda langit yang dimiliki oleh mahasiswa sebelum perkuliahan diberikan cenderung heterogen. Pemahaman yang tepat tentang materi benda-benda langit masih beragam dengan pemahaman yang tidak tepat maupun hanya bersifat tebakan. Tergambar bahwa lebih banyak mahasiswa dengan pemahaman yang tidak komprehensif dibandingkan dengan yang pemahaman konsep yang tepat. Hasil penelitian yang berupa gambaran pemahaman konsep awal mahasiswa ini bisa diimplikasikan oleh pengampuh mata kuliah astrofisika untuk menentukan teknik pembelajaran inovatif yang akan digunakan selama pembelajaran agar mahasiswa bisa memperbaiki pemahaman konsep awal yang belum tepat. This study aims to understand the initial pre-lecture concept of students of the physics education program, FKIP Sriwijaya University, who will take astrophysics lectures. The method used in this study is a descriptive method to identify the understanding of the initial concept of celestial objects in the astrophysics course. Celestial bodies are topics discussed in astrophysics lectures, which are compulsory elective courses in physics education study programs. This study uses a two-level diagnostic test consisting of question options and reasonable options. The research sample is 22 (twenty-two) students who will take astrophysics lectures. This study showed that the initial concept of celestial objects that students had before the lecture was given tended to be heterogeneous. The correct understanding of the material of the celestial bodies is still diverse with an incorrect understanding or only guesswork. It is illustrated that more students have an incomplete understanding than those with a proper understanding of the concept. The study results in the form of an overview of students' initial concept understanding can be implied by astrophysics course supervisors to determine innovative learning techniques that will be used during learning so that students can improve their understanding of initial concepts that are not yet appropriate.

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Al-Ayubi, Muhammad Shalehuddin. "PEMBELAJARAN ASTROFISIKA BERBASIS LITERASI AL-QUR’AN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN TEKNOLOGI PEMBELAJARAN." Jurnal Teknodik 25, no. 1 (July 1, 2021): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.32550/teknodik.v25i1.780.

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Melati, Asih. "Pengembangan Modul Praktikum Astrofisika Seri Alat Solarscope Berbasis Integrasi Interkoneksi." INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS 5, no. 01 (December 16, 2015): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/ijap.v5i01.274.

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The development of laboratory-based lecture materials with integrated and interconnected value is a requirement for study and practical materials and in line with the vision and mission of UIN Sunan Kalijaga. As a result, the optimization of laboratory’s equipment is urgently needed. Although UIN Sunan Kalijaga Laboratory have had Solarscope telescope – which have a guidebook in German language – for six years, it was not optimally used even it can be used to satisfy the desires to observe astronomical objects economically, accurately and easy to operate. Based on above, this research propose to create a lab-work module for Solarscope with integration and interconnection value. This research used 4D methodology (Define, Design, Develop and Disseminate) and have passed the assessment and validation phase from material, media and integrated-interconnected value experts. The data analysis of the module which was mapped by Sukarja into 5 scale mark resulted in good grade in the module assessment by material experts with 80% from the ideal mark with most of the complaint is in the formula typing which is not clear in its derivative. The module assessment by media experts scored very good grade with 88.89% from the ideal mark regarding the content and the figures of the module. Lastly, from the integrated-interconnected value experts marked in good grade with 73.50% from the ideal mark and suggested the addition of supported Al-Qur’an verses and relevant exclamation of the Al-Qur’an’s passages. With all of these assessment results, this module can be used as the material of astrophysics lab-work and for supporting students’ researches with integration-interconnection value and enhance the university’s book collection which will support the vision and mission of UIN Sunan Kalijaga

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Vanzi, L., A. Marconi, and S. Gennari. "NICMOS3 Detector for Spectroscopy." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 167 (1995): 231–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900056485.

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We present some results about the use of an engineering grade NICMOS3 array for medium resolution spectroscopy. All the work described here was performed at the Infrared Laboratory of the Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri in Florence and at the Italian Telescope TIRGO (Citterio 1978). The detector has been mounted on the LonGSp (Longslit Gornergrat Spectrometer), an instrument designed and set into operation in Arcetri and described in Gennari and Vanzi (1994).

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Much, R., A. Carramiñana, J. L. A. Fordham, H. Kawakami, and R. Michel. "High Time Resolution Observations of the Crab Pulsar with the UCL MIC Detector." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 177 (2000): 85–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100059108.

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AbstractHigh time resolution (41.4μs) observations of the Crab Pulsar have been undertaken on the 2.1m telescopes at San Pedro Martir and the Observatorio Astrofisico Guillermo Haro (MX) in January/February 1999. In our prelimenary analysis of the Crab Pulsar’s light curve we obtained a slightly narrow widths on the seondary pulse than that reported by Percival et al. Our data indicate the presence of substructures in the pulsar’s main pulse, though not statistically convincing.

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Vince, O., and G. Damljanovic. "Research of blazars at the Astronomical observatory of Belgrade." Serbian Astronomical Journal, no. 188 (2014): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/saj1488067v.

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At the beginning of 2013, we have a team of scientists at the Astronomical Observatory of Belgrade, focusing on observations and research of blazars. At the same time, we established a cooperation with the Astronomical Observatory of Torino (Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino), center for the Whole Earth Blazar Telescope (WEBT) international collaboration. In this paper, we describe the WEBT project, present our equipment as well as some preliminary results. We also point to some issues that we have encountered during the one year experience and found important from the observational point of view.

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Pénicaud, Alain. "El buckminsterfullereno y sus hermanos los fullerenos." Educación Química 6, no. 1 (August 30, 2018): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/fq.18708404e.1995.1.66733.

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El C60 por sus propiedades, su simetría fascinante, y los retos que presenta, se ha vuelto la molécula consentida de muchos cientificos (químicos, fisicoquímicos, fisicos, astrofisicos, ...) en los últimos años. Varios artículos ya presentaron parte del tema al lector mexicano (Pisanty, 1991; Guevara, 1992; Terrones, 1993).

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Poidomani, Giancarlo. "Il decollo e l'internazionalizzazione dell'ateneo catanese: Annibale Riccò e l'osservatorio astrofisico etneo (1885-1919)." ARCHIVIO STORICO PER LA SICILIA ORIENTALE, no. 1 (September 2019): 95–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/asso2019-001009.

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García-Comas, Maya, Bernd Funke, Manuel López-Puertas, Norbert Glatthor, Udo Grabowski, Sylvia Kellmann, Michael Kiefer, et al. "Version 8 IMK–IAA MIPAS temperatures from 12–15 µm spectra: Middle and Upper Atmosphere modes." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 16, no. 21 (November 10, 2023): 5357–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-5357-2023.

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Abstract. Motivated by an improved European Space Agency (ESA) version of calibrated Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) spectra (version 8.03), we have released version 8 of MIPAS temperatures and pointing information retrieved from 2005–2012 MIPAS measurements at 12–15 µm in the Middle Atmosphere (MA), Upper Atmosphere (UA) and Noctilucent Cloud (NLC) measurement modes. The Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research–Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia (IMK–IAA) retrieval processor in use considers non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (non-LTE) emission explicitly for each limb scan. This non-LTE treatment is essential to obtain accurate temperatures above the mid-mesosphere because at the altitudes covered, up to 115 km, the simplified climatology-based non-LTE treatment employed for the Nominal (NOM) measurements is insufficient. Other updates in MA/UA/NLC version 8 non-LTE temperature retrievals from previous data releases include more realistic atomic oxygen and carbon dioxide abundances, an updated set of spectroscopic data, an improved spectral shift retrieval, a continuum retrieval extended to altitudes up to 58 km, consideration of an altitude-dependent radiance offset retrieval, the use of wider microwindows above 85 km to capture the offset, an improved accuracy in forward model calculations, new a priori temperature information, improved temperature horizontal gradient retrievals and the use of MIPAS version 5 interfering species where available. The resulting MIPAS MA/UA/NLC IMK–IAA temperature dataset is reliable for scientific analysis in the full measurement vertical range for the MA (18–102 km) and the NLC (39–102 km) observations and from 42 to 115 km for the UA observations. The random temperature errors, dominated by the instrumental noise, are typically less than 1 K below 60 km, 1–3 K at 60–70 km, 3–5 K at 70–90 km, 6–8 K at 90–100 km, 8–12 K at 100–105 km and 12–20 K at 105–115 km. Random pointing correction errors, also mainly arising from instrumental noise, are on average 50 m for tangent altitudes up to 60 km and decrease linearly to values smaller than 20 m for altitudes above 95 km. The vertical resolution is 3 km at altitudes below 50 km, 3–5 km at 50–70 km, 4–6 km at 70–90 km, 6–10 km at 90–100 km and 8–11 km at 100–115 km. The systematic errors in retrieved temperatures below 75 km are driven by uncertainties in the CO2 spectroscopic data and, above 80 km, by uncertainties in the non-LTE model parameters (including collisional rates and atomic oxygen abundance) and the CO2 abundance. These lead to systematic temperature errors of less than 0.7 K below 55 km, 1 K at 60–80 km, 1–2 K at 80–90 km, 3 K at 95 km, 6–8 K at 100 km, 10–20 K at 105 km and 20–30 K at 115 km. Systematic errors in the tangent altitude correction, mainly arising from CO2 spectroscopic uncertainties, are 250 m at 20 km, 200 m at 40–60 km, 100 m at 80 km and smaller than 50 m above 90 km. The consistency between the MA/UA/NLC and the NOM IMK–IAA datasets is excellent below 70 km (typical 0.5–1 K differences). The comparison of this temperature dataset with co-located Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) temperature measurements shows excellent agreement, with differences typically within 1.5 K below 90 km, 1–3 K at 90–95 km, 1–5 K at 95–100 km, 1–8 K at 100–105 km and 1–10 K above. The agreement with SABER improves with respect to previous MIPAS IMK–IAA data versions.

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Warell, J. "Properties of the hermean regolith: iii. disk-resolved vis–NIR reflectance spectra and implications for the abundance of iron☆☆Based on observations made with the Nordic Optical Telescope, operated on the island of La Palma jointly by Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden, in the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias." Icarus 161, no. 2 (February 2003): 199–222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0019-1035(02)00055-6.

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Selegue, John P. "Review of Fulleranes: The Hydrogenated Fullerenes Fulleranes: The Hydrogenated Fullerenes . Edited by Franco Cataldo (Actinium Chemical Research Institute, Rome, Italy) and Susana Iglesias-Groth (Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, Tenerife, Spain). From the series, Carbon Materials: Chemistry and Physics, 02. Edited by F. Cataldo and P. Milani . Springer Science + Business Media B.V. : Dordrecht, Heidelberg, London, New York . 2010 . xiv + 278 pp. $189. ISBN 978-1-4020-9886-4 ." Journal of the American Chemical Society 133, no. 6 (February 16, 2011): 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja111721f.

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Alifia, Chafila Nursyifa. "REPRESENTASI PESAN MORAL DALAM FILM “THE THEORY OF EVERYTHING” (ANALISIS SEMIOTIKA ROLAND BARTHES)." LAYAR: Jurnal Ilmiah Seni Media Rekam 10, no. 1 (January 17, 2024): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.26742/layar.v10i1.3106.

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ABSTRACT Film is not far from the word work of art, a film is not foreign to society by presenting entertainment, experiences, and new knowledge for the audience. The film directed by James Marsh entitled “The Theory Of Everything” is a genre film Biography, Drama, Romance which contains a lot of moral message to the first love story of Stephen Hawking’s life journey that led him to become a famous and successful physicist. The film is adapted from Jane’s 2007 book “Traveling to Infinity: My Life With Stephen”. The author aims (1) description of the meaning of Denotation in the film “The Theory Of Everything” by James Marsh (2) description of the meaning Connotation in the film “The Theory Of Everything” (3) Knowing myths in the film “The Theory Of Everything”. The theory used by the author is the theory of Roland Barthes using semiotic analysis consisting of Denotation, Connotation and Myth. The result obtained by the author are related to the representation of moral messages from Stephen Hawking in the film “The Theory Of Everything” the author finds a representation of Stephen Hawking’s life journey as a student majoring in Astrophysics by identifying the Denotation, Connotation and Myth in the scenes in the film “The Theory Of Everything” this research uses qualitative with Roland Barthes semiotic analysis approach. ABSTRAK Film tidak jauh dari kata karya seni, sebuah film bukan hal asing bagi masyarakat dengan menyajikan hiburan, pengalaman, dan pengetahuan baru bagi penonton. Film yang disutradarai oleh James Marsh berjudul “The Theory Of Everything” merupakan film bergenre Biography, Drama, Romance yang mengandung banyak tentang pesan moral hingga kisah cinta pertama dari Stephen dengan berbagai lika-liku perjalan hidup Stephen Hawking yang membawanya menjadi seorang fisikawan terkenal dan sukses. Film ini diadaptasi dari buku yang ditulis oleh Jane tahun 2007 lalu yang berjudul “Traveling to Infinity: My Life With Stephen”. Penulis bertujuan (1) deskripsi makna Denotasi dalam film “The Theory Of Everything” karya James Marsh (2) deskripsi makna Konotasi dalam film “The Theory Of Everything” (3) Mengetahui mitos dalam film “The Theory Of Everything”. Teori yang digunakan penulis adalah teori Roland Barthes dengan menggunakan analisis semiotika yang terdiri dari Denotasi, Konotasi dan Mitos. Hasil yang diperoleh penulis berkaitan dengan representasi pesan moral dari Stephen Hawking dalam film “The Theory Of Everything” penulis menemukan representasi perjalanan hidup Stephen Hawking sebagai mahasiswa jurusan Astrofisika dengan mengidentifikasi Denotasi, Konotasi dan Mitos yang ada dalam scene-scene dalam film “TheTheory Of Everything” penelitian ini menggunakan kualitatif dengan pendekatan analisis semiotika Roland Barthes.

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YOLDAŞ, Ezgi, and Ali DAL. "V1130 Cyg ve V461 Lyr Örten Çift Sistemlerinin Sergilediği Aktivitenin Doğası." Turkish Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics, December 11, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55064/tjaa.1191938.

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Bu çalışmada, ``The Challenges of Modelling the Activities Occurring on Eclipsing Binaries V1130 Cyg and V461 Lyr'' başlıklı "Revista Mexicana de Astronomia y Astrofisica Vol. 57, pp. 335-349 (2021)" künyeli makalemizin geniş Türkçe özeti sunulacaktır ve hedef sistemlerin Kepler Uydusu ile elde edilen verilerinin analiz sonuçlarını içermektedir. (O-C)II artıklarının incelenmesiyle özellikle V461 Lyr'in sergilediği kromosferik aktivite etkisinin oldukça baskın olduğu görülmüştür. V1130 Cyg için 94 flare, V461 Lyr için 255 flare tespit edilmiştir. Flareler OPEA modeli olarak tanımlanan modelleme yöntemi ile kromosferik aktivitenin doyma seviyesi belirlenmiş ve istatistiksel yöntemler, literatürden farklı olarak V1130 Cyg flarelerinin iki, V461 Lyr flarelerinin ise üç farklı OPEA modeli ile modellenmesi gerektiğini göstermiştir. Ayrıca, V1130 Cyg göç dönemi 0.34 yıl olan tek lekeye, V461 Lyr dört lekeye sahiptir. V461 Lyr sisteminin bileşenlerinin iki lekesi aynı bileşen üzerinde olacak şekilde göç dönemleri 11.58 yıl ve 10.59 yıl, diğer bileşen üzerindeki 11.81 yıl ve 12.84 yıl olarak bulunmuştur.

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Blanco, Carlo. "Quali le modalità per la nomina a Direttore dell'Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania?" Bullettin of the Gioenia Academy of Natural Sciences of Catania 52, no. 382 (December 22, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.35352/gioenia.v52i382.76.

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Dall'istituzione dell'Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania e fino al 1982 la funzione di Direttore era attribuita all'Ordinario di materie astronomiche dell'Università di Catania, per cui le modalità della nomina seguivano i passaggi accademici di assegnazione della Cattedra. Con l'emanazione del D.P.R. 163 del 1982 che istituisce l'autonomia degli Osservatori, la funzione di Direttore, con nomina del Ministro della Pubblica Istruzione a seguito di indicazioni del Consiglio Ricerche Astronomiche, è estesa anche agli Astronomi Ordinari dell'Osservatorio. Con l'istituzione dell’INAF, nel 1999, è il suo Presidente che nomina il Direttore fra quelli selezionati dal Consiglio di Amministrazione con procedure consultive nelle quali è coinvolto anche il personale dell'Osservatorio.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Astrofisica'

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