Dissertations / Theses: 'Astrology in the Middle Ages'

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Juste, David. "Alchandreana: les plus anciens traités astrologiques latins d'origine arabe (Xe siècle)." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211731.

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Coulon, Jean-Charles. "La magie islamique et le « corpus bunianum » au Moyen Âge." Thesis, Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040027/document.

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Al-Būnī est une figure centrale dans l'étude de la magie en Islam au Moyen Âge. En effet, son principal traité, le Šams al-maʿārif al-kubrā (Le « grand » soleil des connaissances), est le plus grand manuel de magie se basant sur le Coran, les beaux noms de Dieu, les invocations aux anges, etc. Malheureusement, à ce jour, cette oeuvre nous est connue à travers des éditions se basant sur des manuscrits très tardifs, fort éloignés du contenu des manuscrits des oeuvres ayant pu être écrites par al-Būnī : en témoignent les nombreux anachronismes. Aussi, ce travail de recherche propose de faire l'analyse et d'établir une édition critique d'une partie du « corpus bunianum » : le Šams al-maʿārif wa-laṭāʾif al-ʿawārif (Le soleil des connaissances et les grâces exquises) dans sa version courte (la supposée plus ancienne), al-Lumʿa l-nūrāniyya (La lueur luminescente) et d'autres traités qui ont contribué à former le Šams al-maʿārif. L'édition de ces textes correspondant au « noyau historique » de cet immense corpus met en évidence les éléments les plus anciens des oeuvres attribuées à al-Būnī et les influences ayant contribué à la formation d'une magie islamique, se référant non plus essentiellement à des autorités grecques, indiennes, mésopotamiennes, etc., mais aussi au Coran, à la tradition prophétique et aux traditions magiques, mystiques et kabbalistiques juives, chrétiennes et musulmanes. Intimement liée aux sphères du pouvoir, cette littérature magique participe également à leur mise en scène et reflète leur évolution
Indeed, his main treatise, the Šams al-maʿārif al-kubrā (The "Great" Sun of Knowledge), is the most important magic manual based on the Qurʾān, the beautiful names of God, invocations to the angels, etc. Unfortunately, until now, this work has been known to us through editions based on very late manuscripts, very different from the contents of manuscripts of works written by al-Būnī as the many anachronisms point out. In this research, we propose an analysis and a critical edition of part of the "corpus bunianum": Šams al-maʿārif wa-laṭāʾif al-ʿawārif (The Sun of Knowledge and the ExquisiteGraces) in its short version (the supposedly more ancient one), al-Lumʿa l-nūrāniyya (The Luminescent Glow) and other treaties that have been used to write down the Šams al-maʿārif. Editing these texts corresponding to the "historic core" of this vast corpus highlights the oldest parts of the works attributed to al-Būnī and the influences that contributed to the formation of an Islamic magic, referring not only to Greek authorities, Indian, Mesopotamian, etc.., but also to the Qurʾān, the prophetic tradition and magical, mystical and Kabbalistic Jewish, Christian and Muslim traditions.Closely linked to realms of power, this magical literature also contributes to their splendour andreflects their evolution

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Soreau, Véronique. "« La médecine par les plantes et les étoiles entre le quinzième et le seizième siècle en Angleterre. Édition inédite d'une sélection de textes en moyen-anglais de quatre manuscrits situés à Trinity College Library, Cambridge : MSS O.1.13, O.5.26, R.14.32, R.14.51, et commentaires. Deux volumes. »." Thesis, Poitiers, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018POIT5023.

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C'est par l'édition inédite d'une sélection de textes d'exception en moyen-anglais provenant de quatre manuscrits situés à Trinity College Library à Cambridge : MSS O.1.13, O.5.26, R.14.32 et R.14.51 que peuvent renaître les recettes médicales, les charmes, les traités astrologiques et médicaux, les poèmes médicaux et les poèmes sur les vertus des plantes en moyen anglais. Ces trésors de la période médiévale appartiennent à une tradition culturelle et scientifique ancestrale : la médecine ou philosophie naturelle, héritage de l'Egypte et des auteurs et traducteurs grecs, latins et arabes. Ce qui constitue le coeur de cette thèse est la volonté de mettre en lumière ces remèdes naturels confectionnés avec les plantes curatives, et l'influence des astres sur la santé de l'homme du moyen âge. Une introduction générale offre tout d'abord un aperçu du contexte de la médecine médiévale. Elle est suivie d'une deuxième introduction à l'édition présentant d'abord la description codicologique complète et détaillée des quatre manuscrits étudiés, puis des principes de l'édition. Les textes édités dans la troisième partie centrale, tous en moyen anglais, ont été choisis pour leur originalité ou parfois, au contraire, pour leur conformité avec la médecine médiévale, pratiquée notamment par le savant universitaire et le praticien lettré de terrain. Deux volumes nous guident sur le chemin de l'édition de ces textes médicaux issus de quatre manuscrits de Trinity College Library et rassemblés autour de trois thèmes principaux tels que la médecine théorique, astrologique, et pratique. Sept catégories présentent alors les différents textes : De la théorie des humeurs, Médecine astrologique, L'usage pratique de la médecine et les moyens de diagnostic, Les remèdes aux maux : Les saignées et Comment guérir par la nature, Exemples de deux panacées : le romarin et la bétoine, Les moments propices à la cueillette des plantes, Les remèdes par les essences des plantes. Chaque section introduit les textes par une analyse contextuelle du thème, accompagnée d'une étude spécifique sur l'origine et la source de chaque texte. Chacun d'entre eux est suivi de son propre glossaire. Enfin, succédant aux conclusions et à la bibliographie, l'annexe offre au lecteur une entrée dans les coulisses du travail du transcripteur et éditeur. Cette dernière partie nous livre l'analyse et l'édition d'un riche et long poème sur les vertus des plantes et joint deux séries de fac-similés de deux textes édités dans la présente thèse et sélectionnés des manuscrits R.14.32 et O.1.13 sur les vertus des plantes : l'un en vers, l'autre en prose présentant les pages abîmées de la plus longue version existante du célèbre : Lytil boke of the vertuys of rosmaryn. Nul doute que de tels textes médicaux en moyen-anglais présentent un intérêt fondamental pour la recherche médiévale anglo-saxonne éditoriale, linguistique et littéraire. Ces sources pourraient également susciter la curiosité des scientifiques et botanistes, puisque l'étude des plantes et des étoiles et leur influence sur la santé de l'homme, fait toujours l'objet de recherches qui prouvent continuellement ces liens indéfectibles
It is through an original edition of exceptional selected texts in Middle English from four manuscripts of Trinity College Library in Cambridge : MSS O.1.13, O.5.26, R.14.32, R.14.51 that Middle English medical recipes, charms, medical and astrological treatises, medical poems and poems on the virtues of plants can now be given a new lease of life. These medical treasures belong to an ancestral traditional culture and science : medicine or natural philosophy, which was inherited fron Egyptian, Greek, Latin and Arabic authors and translators. This intention to bring to light these natural herb remedies and the influence of stars on medieval people's health constitues the heart of this thesis. It is first provided with a general introduction developing the historical context of medieval medicine. A second introduction to the edition firstly presents a complete and detailed codicological description of the four manuscripts, and secondly the editorial principles. The texts edited here in the main and third part, all written in Middle English, have been chosen for their originality, and sometimes, on the contrary, for their conformity with medieval medicine practised by scholars and other skilled praticians. Two volumes contain the texts edited from the four manuscripts of Trinity College Library, gathered according to major themes such as theoretical, astrological, and practical medicine. Seven categories present the different texts : Of the humoral theory, Astrological meddicine, Practical use of medicine and the means for diagnosis, The remedies : blood letting and how to cure by the help of nature, Two panaceas : rosemary and betony, The gathering of plants : auspicious moments, The remedies based on the waters of plants. Each section presenting the texts is introduced by a contextual analysis of the theme, and focuses on its origins and its sources. Each text is also followed by its own glossary. Lastly, the annex, following the conclusion and the bibliography, offers the reader a look behind the scene of the work of the transcriber and editor. It is composed of the analysis and edition of a poem on the vertues of plants edited in this thesis and selected from manuscripts R.14.32 and O.1.13. One is composed of verses, the other is a prose text which badly preserved pages represent the longest version of the famous poem, the Lytil boke on the vertuys of rosemaryn. There is no doubt that such Middle English medical texts present a fundamental interest for the editorial, linguistic and literary fields of research on the Middle Ages. Such sources may also aouse the curiosity of scientists and botanists, as the study of the plants, the stars and their influence on man's health, still under study, has already been proved

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Ferrand, Angélique. "Du Zodiaque et des hommes : temps, espace, éternité dans les édifices de culte entre le IVe et le XIIIe siècle." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCH017/document.

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Cette thèse porte sur la question de la figuration des signes du Zodiaque entre Antiquité et Moyen Âge et en particulier dans les églises entre le XIe et le XIIIe siècle. Le cœur de cette thèse est l’analyse d’un corpus de 260 occurrences des signes du Zodiaque et Occupations des mois, qu’ils soient associés ou non, au sein de la décoration ecclésiale entre le XIe siècle et la fin du XIIIe siècle. Cette période correspond à la « renaissance » et à l’essor de la figuration du Zodiaque dans un tel contexte. L’étude est organisée en trois parties. La première est consacrée à l’historiographie, à la présentation du corpus réuni, puis aux origines, réappropriations et transmissions de la tradition zodiacale entre Antiquité et Moyen Âge. La deuxième partie envisage la répartition du Zodiaque dans l’édifice ecclésial. Sa place dans le décor extérieur et en lien avec le thème de la Porta coeli est discutée avant de passer à sa place dans la structuration du décor intérieur. Du sol à la voûte en passant par les chapiteaux, piliers et arcs, la distribution des signes du Zodiaque dans l’espace ecclésial est analysée au regard des dynamiques liées aux notions de transitus et d’iter et à une certaine polarisation du lieu ecclésial. La troisième partie commence par aborder les enjeux de la figuration des signes zodiacaux dans leurs rapports dynamiques avec les Occupations des mois. Ensuite, la re-sémantisation chrétienne de chacun des signes du Zodiaque est observée grâce à une mise en série des occurrences du corpus. Enfin, l’ensemble se conclut par une approche synthétique mettant en lumière les articulations entre ciel et terre traduites par le biais des signes zodiacaux et leur pendant mensuel/terrestre. Leur insertion dans un contexte iconographique plus large lié à l’histoire chrétienne et selon une perspective eschatologique est considérée afin de montrer que les signes du Zodiaque sont comme des opérateurs entre terre et ciel, à la fois dans le lieu ecclésial tendu vers son modèle céleste et dans un contexte iconographique articulant charnel et spirituel, humain et divin
This dissertation deals with the iconography of the Zodiac between Antiquity and Middle Age, in particular in churches between the XIth and the XIIIth century. The heart of the dissertation is the analysis of a corpus of 260 items. These items concern the figuration of the signs of the Zodiac and the Labors of the months, whether or not combinated, within ecclesial ornamentation between the XIth and the XIIIth century. This period corresponds to the “renaissance” and to the growth of the figuration of the Zodiac in this context. The study is divided into three parts. The first section deals with historiography and with the presentation of the corpus. Then, the origins, re-appropriations and transmissions of the zodiacal tradition between Antiquity and Middle Ages are discussed. The second section considers the distribution of the Zodiac in church. Its role in exterior ornamentation relating to the theme of the Porta coeli and its role in the structuring of intern ornamentation are observed. From the floor to the vault, through capitals, pillars and arches, distribution of the Zodiac in ecclesial space is analyzed in the light of the notions of transitus and iter and in the light of a certain focusing of the ecclesial place. The third section begins with the stakes of the figuration of the zodiacal signs and their dynamic relationship with the Labors of the months. Then, the “re-sémantisation” of each of the zodiacal signs is observed. Finally, the last chapter is an overall view of the connections between heavens and earth which find expression in signs of the Zodiac and the Labors of the months. Their place is considerated according to their iconographical context linked to Christian history and from an eschatological perspective. Signs of the Zodiac are like operators between heavens and earth, both in the ecclesial space tented towards its celestial model and in an iconographical context which connect caro and spiritus, the Human and the Divine

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Назаренко, Олена В`ячеславівна, Елена Вячеславовна Назаренко, Olena Viacheslavivna Nazarenko, and E. M. Kovalyova. "The translation in the middle ages." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2015. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/40029.

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In the Middle Ages the main attention was paid to the translations in the field of mathematics, medicine, astronomy, astrology, because Europe remains relatively poor in its scientific achievements. In the period of Middle Ages the universal Latin was replaced by Spanish. The city Toledo took the lead in the matter of translation achievements. It was the Spanish translators, who with the help of King Alfonso X in XII century introduced their own cultural tradition, the so-called "Toledo School" which opened the world culture for Europe. "Toledo School" has an outstanding role in the habituation of medieval Europe with the scientific and philosophical achievements of previous civilizations. The translators of Toledo significantly influenced the formation of Western scientific worldview. It is thanks to Averroes and Avicenna Europe discovered Aristotle and Plato. All this created the basis for the establishment of the first universities here.

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Alrasheed, Khalid Mosleh. "The postcolonial Middle Ages a present past /." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=2065749111&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Ogata, Kiwako. "Elephant in Antiquity and the Middle Ages." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/257007.

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The aim of this study is to describe the evolution of knowledge and representation of an animal – elephant – from Antiquity to the Middle Ages up to the 13th century in the West and to demonstrate continuity and changes, from one civilization to another, especially in its visual representations. We tried to introduce the fruits of contemporary study of philosophical and ethical thought on the animal and its relationship with man, represented especially by Jacques Derrida and Giorgio Agamben. The study therefore, discusses not only the relationship between man and the elephant, but also includes a consideration of the attitude of man toward the animal in general, a theme discussed already by Philon and Plutarch. The study takes a similar approach with the study on the monster which became more popular after the 1980s. Study of the monster raises questions on the relationship between "ourselves" and "the others" and on the boundary between them. The relation between "us human beings" and "monsters" can be projected on the relation between "us human beings" and "the animals except men". In Judaism and Christianity, man is created in the image of God and placed at the pinnacle of the hierarchy of the creatures. He is allowed by God to exercise dominion over other animals (and to eat them). Domination of other peoples (including monstrous races) is justified by the idea that other peoples lack reason just as animals lack it. Because of its huge size, peculiar appearance, and remarkable intelligence, the elephant is one of the most surprising pieces of the evidence of God's marvellous Creation. That is why scenes of the "creation of the animals", "Adam naming animals" and Noah's Ark often included the elephant. In particular, the elephant's trunk was praised as a mystery of creation from the time of Aristotle and Pliny. However, the elephant was often considered half animal, half monster, and in consequence "other" par excellence. It is illustrated on the Souvigny Pillar with monsters and monstrous races. Therefore, the elephant was used sometimes as a symbol of "appropriation" of other peoples and their culture by Europeans, as in portraits of Alexander the Great and the Diadokoi wearing exuviae elephantis, head dresses made from elephant's scalp. To analyse visual images, we took into consideration various factors that form an image, such as artists' scientific knowledge of the animal, influence from the words (written or pronounced), use of model books, transmission of iconography among itinerant artists and ateliers, and the imagination of artists and programme makers who tend to fill any lack of information by knowledge of other animals, etc. Minute observation on some details of the visual representation of the elephant helped to reveal some aspects of the inter-relationship of various factors, especially between text and image.
Ce travail cherche à suivre le fil de l'évolution des connaissances sur un animal- l'éléphant- et sa représentation de l'Antiquité au Moyen Age dans l'Occident pour en éclaircir les continuités et changements notables. Nous avons cherché à situer nos recherches sur l'iconographie concernant l'éléphant dans le courant contemporain de pensée philosophique et éthique sur les animaux, représentée par Jacques Derrida et Giorgio Agamben notamment. C'est pourquoi les considérations sur l'attitude de l'homme contre l'animal en général, à partir de Philon et Plutarque occupe une partie assez importante de notre thèse. Nous avons adopté une approche similaire à l'étude sur le monstre qui a connu un développement remarquable surtout après les années 80. Les études sur les monstres adressent des questions concernant les rapports entre "soi " et "les autres" et les limites entre eux. Les rapports entre "nous" et "les monstres" sont une projection des rapports entre le "nous homme" et les "autres animaux excepté l'homme". L'homme est créé à la ressemblance de Dieu dans le Judaïsme et le Christianisme. Mettre sous la domination les autres peuples, dont aussi les peuples monstrueux se justifie par leur identification aux animaux dépourvus de raison. L'éléphant constitue une évidence de la grande variété de l'œuvre créatrice de Dieu par excellence, mais dans le même temps il a été considéré mi animal mi monstre à cause de sa dimension et de sa forme particulière. Il a été connu presque toujours comme africain ou indien et donc "étranger", et en conséquence "autre". La représentation visuelle de l'éléphant est donc utilisée quelquefois comme symbole d'appropriation d'un autre peuple et de sa culture par les Européens. Notre travail reconnait que les représentations visuelles de l'éléphant n’oscillent pas seulement entre les deux pôles de " réel" et "non réel", mais qu'elles consistent plutôt en divers éléments. Ces éléments sont: la connaissance scientifique sur l'animal, l'influence directe des mots (écrits et émis par la voix), l'usage de modèles visuels (carnet des modèles), la transmission par les artistes itinérants, l'action de l'imagination de l'artiste ou du programmateur iconographique qui essaie de combler l'information manquante par la connaissance sur d'autres animaux, etc. On ne connait pas bien les rapports entre celui qui a commandé l'objet d'art ou l’édifice, l'auteur du programme iconographique et l'artiste ou constructeur au Moyen Age, et vérifier les relations entre ces éléments n'est pas facile, mais l'observation de certains détails a permis d'en mettre au clair quelques éléments.
Doctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Robichaud, Paul Joseph. "David Jones, modernism, and the Middle Ages." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/NQ63655.pdf.

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Rider, Catherine Rosemary. "Magic and impotence in the Middle Ages." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.407131.

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Geuenich, Dieter. "Zukunftsvorstellungen im Mittelalter - Future in the Middle Ages." Gerhard-Mercator-Universitaet Duisburg, 2001. http://www.ub.uni-duisburg.de/ETD-db/theses/available/duett-12172001-135105/.

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Wenn wir Heutige uns mit den Gedanken der Menschen längst vergangener Zeiten, soweit sie uns schriftlich überliefert sind, beschäftigen, stellen wir oft erstaunliche Übereinstimmungen fest. Diese Beobachtung dürfte auch einer der Gründe dafür sein, daß geschichtliche Rückblicke zunehmend populärer werden und historische Ausstellungen große Menschenmengen anlocken. Für unser Thema - dies sei vorweg bemerkt - gilt dies jedoch nicht. Das mittelalterliche Denken über das Kommende hat mit den heutigen Vorstellungen von der Zukunft, mit unserer Fortschrittsgläubigkeit im Bereich der Technik, der Medizin, ja der menschlichen Erkenntnis überhaupt, nichts gemeinsam. Hinzu kommt, daß unsere Gegenwart nicht im geringsten den Zukunftsvorstellungen des Mittelalters entspricht. Dennoch erscheint es nicht überflüssig, sich mit den mittelalterlichen Vorstellungen von der Zukunft zu beschäftigen; es sei denn, wir wollten uns Heutige so wichtig nehmen, daß wir nur die Linien in der geschichtlichen Entwicklung verfolgen wollen, die geradlinig zu uns führen. Die Geschichtlichkeit des Menschen sollte jedoch umfassender betrachtet werden als ausschließlich aus der gegenwärtigen Sicht.

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Bayless, Martha. "Parody in the Middle Ages : the Latin tradition." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.385364.

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Summers, Dominic. "Norfolk church towers of the later Middle Ages." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2011. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/36359/.

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Storm, William M. "The Creation of Heaven in the Middle Ages." Thesis, Marquette University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3666124.

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My dissertation focuses on the intersection of the discourses of space and place, art, religion, and politics in poetical accounts of heaven. My study investigates how authors deploy these various traditions to create a heaven that accommodates the needs of a particular audience. Heaven is, according to Yi-Fu Tuan, a "mythical place," which cannot be located. To avoid the problems of a "mythical place," we represent that location with slightly-blurred experiential knowledge or communally-sanctioned practices. The creation of heaven, I argue, does not occur ex nihilo but through a refashioning of knowledge and practices to engage audiences with descriptions of heaven. To examine this concept, I primarily analyze the descriptions of place in Pearl and Piers Plowman, while providing discussion of Paradiso, The Vision of Tnugdal, and episodes from the writings of Hadewijch that offer competing and complementing visions. This study offers an opportunity to view heaven not as simply a consistent and monolithic feature of society but as a created site. Rather than examining heaven solely as art, or only through doctrinal concerns, heaven must be considered in terms of a variety of discourses. The layering of art, politics, religion, and space and place remind readers of the medieval religious project. God, for the medieval, was not an abstract ideal but an ever-present quality of their daily existences; as God could be seen in all facets of life, so too can heaven be seen through aspects of life that seem mundane and removed from ethereal experience.

The first chapter of The Creation of Heaven in the Middle Ages outlines the problem of considering heaven as a monolithic entity. By tracing the history of heaven, the chapter demonstrates that we cannot view heaven as outside of time and place; heaven responds to the needs of particular audiences. As such, heaven cannot be considered only a religious place; heaven is a place that depends upon the engagement of multiple ideas, including theories of space and place, art history, and politics. The second chapter investigates the places of the afterlife in Pearl and Piers Plowman. While similarities exist between the two, each text offers a striking vision of the afterlife; and while a cityscape, and a besieged church and tower evoke distinct impressions of heaven, the chapter examines how each of these visions forces the reader to wonder if heaven might be a viable end. The third chapter engages in how the aesthetic choices of heaven work to create meaning within the mind of the reader. The larger goals of medieval aesthetics, embodied in stained-glass windows, reflect the projects of Pearl and Piers Plowman, namely to teach through a series of highly colored and instructive scenes. The final chapter offers a view of heaven through the political atmospheres of Ricardian England, reflecting the various choices of that monarch that impacts not only earth but also the heavenly retinue. A brief postscript closes out the dissertation that asks how these medieval visions might allow us to view the current interest of heaven, which can be seen in the popularity and success of life after death accounts

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Kleineke, Hannes. "The Dinham family in the later middle ages." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.287243.

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Eustace, Frances. "Insular secular carolling in the Late Middle Ages." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/50286f95-6cc6-46f7-ad79-900a0a51ee5d.

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This study shows the importance of carolling in the celebrations and festivities of medieval Britain and demonstrates its longevity from the eleventh century to the sixteenth. It illustrates the flexibility of the English carole form for adaptation to include content in high and low registers and its suitability for use on all occasions and by different communal peer groups. It also shows that the carole was part of a developmental trajectory that was not totally subsumed by the dominance, from the sixteenth century onwards, of the religious, composed, polyphonic carol and the subsequent use of the name to denote a specifically Christian Christmas hymn. Although the vast majority of extant texts in carol form, from the late medieval period, are religious in subject content, secular carolling was far more prevalent than the textual record implies. The dance-song elements of the medieval carole were so strongly woven into the vernacular cultural fabric of the British Isles that their threads can be traced through the folk-songs and dances of subsequent centuries. This study contextualises the written evidence and re-integrates the various components of the activity in order to illuminate our understanding of the universally popular medieval, participatory, pastime of carolling.

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Norrie, James. "Land and cult : society and radical religion in the diocese of Milan, c.990-1130." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:8bcf7186-2591-446e-bd6d-a52876ae4f54.

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This thesis asks how cities changed the world, by conducting a close study of urban change in Milan during the long eleventh-century. The growth of the city both transformed and responded to religion and the rural landscape around it. The radicalism of social change in this period is above all reflected by the emergence of the popular movement for religious reform known as the Pataria. Between 1057 and 1075 this social campaign against simony and clerical marriage revolted against episcopal authority, and the kinship groups which stood behind it. In size and radicalism, the social movement had no parallel in contemporary Europe. In order to account for the extent of social and religious change in eleventh century Milan, this thesis engage with both the historiography of socio-economic change, and contemporary religious reform. Chapter 1 characterises the political and religious institutions which shaped Milan in this period. Chapter 2 studies how property relations and land management changed under the pressure of urban growth, underlining the precocious extension of city market relations from the 1050s in the north-east of the diocese. These rural changes enabled rapidly expanding growth and complexity in the city, mapped using a range of evidence in Chapter 3. Chapter 4 offers a new social account of the origins of the Pataria, which foregrounds the transformation of social relations in the north-east of the diocese especially. Chapters 5 and 6 explore how saints' cults and urban ritual and liturgy were crucial to the reproduction of authority in an evermore complex urban environment, and how for this reason these structures were contested by the Pataria.

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Saak, Eric Leland. "Religio Augustini: Jordan of Quedlinburg and the Augustinian tradition in late medieval Germany." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186376.

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This study focuses on the Expositio Orationis Dominicae of the little known Augustinian friar Jordan of Quedlinburg (d. 1370/80). An edition of this work is presented in Part One. Jordan's treatise originated from lectures he held in the Order's studium at Erfurt in 1327. As such, they offer insight into the 'other side' of the Augustinian School, the teaching in the studia not associated with a university. In the fourteenth century there were 32 studia generalia in which Augustinians could receive the prerequisite instruction for the 'degree' lector, the license to teach in any school of the Order except for those associated with a university. The theology of the other side of the Augustinian school was more representative of the Order's theology than were the Sentences commentaries of the Order's magistri. Furthermore, the office of lector was not merely a stage within the Order's educational system. The lectors were the legislators of the Order's doctrine. Jordan's theology was thoroughly Augustinian. This becomes apparent when his theology is placed in context of the religio Augustini. Jordan exhorted his brothers to be the imitators of Augustine and to follow Augustine's religion. Thus, they were not to remain cloistered in their cells, but were to bring the riches of the contemplative life to society at large by teaching and preaching. In this light, the religio Augustini offers the foundation for an historical interpretation of late medieval Augustinianism, rather than one based on theological definitions of the term Augustinian. For the late medieval Augustinian Hermit, it was the religio Augustini that made one an Augustinian.

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Kim, Kyunghyun. "Tribuni plebis and res publica in the middle ages." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.407923.

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Loseby, Simon Thomas. "Marseille in late antiquity and the early Middle Ages." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.356966.

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Lewis, David Glynne. "A peculiar prosperity : Windsor in the high Middle Ages." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.438208.

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Tietze, Gwendolyn Veronika. "Writing the middle ages : medieval music in the 1920s." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.420993.

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Bailey, M. D. "At the margin : Suffolk Breckland in the Middle Ages." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.383715.

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Nevell, Richard. "The archaeology of castle slighting in the Middle Ages." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/33181.

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Medieval castle slighting is the phenomenon in which a high-status fortification is demolished in a time of conflict. At its heart are issues about symbolism, the role of castles in medieval society, and the politics of power. Although examples can be found throughout the Middle Ages (1066–1500) in England, Wales and Scotland there has been no systematic study of the archaeology of castle slighting. Understanding castle slighting enhances our view of medieval society and how it responded to power struggles. This study interrogates the archaeological record to establish the nature of castle slighting: establishing how prevalent it was chronologically and geographically; which parts of castles were most likely to be slighted and why this is significant; the effects on the immediate landscape; and the wider role of destruction in medieval society. The contribution of archaeology is especially important as contemporary records give little information about this phenomenon. Using information recovered from excavation and survey allows this thesis to challenge existing narratives about slighting, especially with reference to the civil war between Stephen and Matilda (1139–1154) and the view that slighting was primarily to prevent an enemy from using a fortification. The thesis proposes a new framework for understanding how slighting is represented in the archaeological record and how it might be recognised in the future. Using this methodology, a total of 60 sites were identified. Slighting often coincides with periods of civil war, illustrating the importance of slighting as a tool of social control and the re-assertion of authority in the face of rebellion. Slighting did not necessarily encompass an entire site some parts of the castle – halls and chapels – were typically deliberately excluded from the destruction. There are also examples which fit the old narrative that slighting was used to prevent a fortification falling into enemy hands, but these cases are in the minority and are typically restricted to Scotland during the Scottish Wars of Independence. Given the castle’s role in shaping the landscape – acting as a focus for seigneurial power and precipitating the creation and growth of towns – it is important to understand how slighting effected nearby associated settlements. The evidence suggests that larger towns were able to prosper despite the disruption of slighting while smaller settlements were more likely to decline into obscurity. Importantly towns themselves were very rarely included in the destruction of slighting.

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Zale, Sanford C. "Unofficial Histories of France in the Late Middle Ages /." The Ohio State University, 1995. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487861396026567.

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Cowan, Yuri Allen. "William Morris and the Middle Ages : two socialist dream-visions /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ55498.pdf.

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Blythe, James M. "Ideal government and the mixed constitution in the Middle Ages /." Princeton, NJ : Princeton Univ. Press, 1992. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/276580729.pdf.

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Neufeld, Christine Marie. "Xanthippe's sisters : orality and femininity in the later Middle Ages." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=38251.

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This dissertation contributes to medieval feminist scholarship by forging new insights into the relationship between gender theory and developing notions of orality and textuality in late medieval Europe. I examine three conventional satirical depictions of women as deviant speakers in medieval literature---as loquacious gossips, scolding shrews and cursing witches---to reveal how medieval perceptions of oral and textual discursive modes influenced literary representations of women. The dissertation demonstrates that our comprehension of the literary battle between the sexes requires a recognition and understanding of how discursive modes were gendered in a culture increasingly defining itself in terms of textuality. My work pursues the juxtaposition of the rational, literate male and the irrational, oral female across a wide range of texts, from Dunbar and Chaucer's courtly literature, to more socially diffused works, such as carols, sermon exempla and the Deluge mystery plays, as well as texts, like Margery Kempe's autobiography and witchcraft documents, that pertain to historical women. I demonstrate the social impact of this convention by anchoring these literary texts in their socio-historical context. The significance of my identification of this nexus of orality and femininity is that I am able to delineate an ideology profoundly affecting the way women's speech and writings have been received and perceived for centuries. This notion of gendered discourse can also redefine how we perceive medieval literature. Mikhail Bakhtin's discursive principles---ideas that stem from his application of the dynamics of oral communication and performance to the literary text---help to liberate new meanings from old texts by allowing us to read against the grain of convention. Both Bakhtin's theory of dialogism and Walter Ong's summary of the psychodynamics of orality suggest that orally influenced discourse is less interested in monolithic truth than in the art of tellin

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Fluck, Katherine. "Medieval topics : perception, rhetoric and representation in the Middle Ages." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=60032.

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This thesis is an architectural investigation of perception, depth and representation. It explores the changing historical relationship between "two-dimensional" representation and architecture in an effort to understand the effects of modern perspectival depth on the making of architecture. The non-perspectival, medieval representations studied in this paper, are not looked upon as primitive forerunners of renaissance perspective, but as being expressive of a completely different notion and location of depth. In an attempt to access this "other" depth, the move from nonperspectival to perspectival perception and representation is looked at in relation to the change in perceptual values, brought on by the move from the largely oral culture of the Middle Ages, to the increasing textual culture of Renaissance and Modern ages. Perhaps without the fixity, neutrality and disengagement inherent in both perspectival and textual perception, architectural depth might return to the active world of human experience.

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Dick, Bryan. "Framing 'Piracy' : restitution at sea in the later Middle Ages." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2010. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2244/.

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The focus of the thesis is the diplomatic and legal implications of the capture of ships at sea in the later Middle Ages. It challenges key assumptions in much secondary literature concerning the definition of piracy, seeking to explore several major themes relating to the legal status of shipping in periods of war or diplomatic tension in this period. The thesis draws primarily on diplomatic, legal and administrative records, largely those of English royal government, but also makes use of material relating to France, Holland and Zealand, Flanders and the Hanse. The majority of studies on this subject stress the importance of developments which occurred in the fifteenth century, yet I have found it necessary to follow the development of the law of prize, diplomatic provisions for the keeping of the sea and the use of devolved sea-keeping fleets back to the start of the thirteenth century. This thesis questions the tendency of historians to attach the term ‘piracy’, with its modern legal connotations, to a variety of actions at sea in the later Middle Ages. In the absence of a clear legislative or semantic framework a close examination of the complexity of practice surrounding the judgement of prize, the provision of restitution to injured parties, and diplomatic mechanisms designed to prevent disorder at sea, enables a more rounded picture to emerge. A detailed examination of individual cases is set within the broader conceptual framework of international, commercial and maritime law. Chapter 1 provides a study of the wartime role of devolved flees by means of a case study of Henry III’s Poitou campaigns of 1242-3. It demonstrates that private commissioned ships undertook a variety of naval roles including the transport of troops, patrolling the coast and enforcing blockades. Further, it argues that it is anachronistic to criticise private shipowners for seeking profit through attacks on enemy shipping as booty was an integral incentive in all forms of medieval warfare. Chapter 2 provides a detailed examination of the application of letters of marque, one of the principal means of obtaining redress for injuries suffered at the hands of the subject of a foreign sovereign. It demonstrates that far from being a justification for ‘piracy’ letters of marque were highly regulated legal instruments applied in the context of an internationally accepted body of customs. Chapter 3 examines the concept of neutrality and the relationship between warfare and commerce through a study of Anglo-Flemish relations during the Anglo-Scottish wars between 1305 and 1323. It argues that universal standards of neutrality did not exist in this period and that decisions on prize took place within the context of an ever-changing diplomatic background. Chapter 4 focuses on the provision of restitution once judgement had been made through an examination of a complex dispute between English merchants and the count of Hainault, Holland and Zeeland spanning the opening decades of the fourteenth century. It emphasises the ad hoc nature of restitution with a variety of means devised to compensate the injured parties and the difficult and often inconclusive process undergone by litigants against a backdrop of competing interests, both local and national. The thesis concludes that the legal process surrounding the capture of shipping was civil rather than criminal in nature. The plaintiff’s need to obtain restitution was the driving force behind such actions rather than the state’s desire to monopolise the use of violence at sea. The reliance of the English crown on devolved shipping made such a policy fiscally impractical.

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Sinclair, Alexandra Frances Jane. "The Beauchamp earls of Warwick in the Later Middle Ages." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282304.

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Ensconced as sheriffs of Worcestershire since Norman times, the Beauchamps owed their earidom to a particularly fortunate marriage in the thirteenth century. Thereafter, they, like other magnate families, owed their increasing prosperity to marriage alliance and to royal service, found wanting only when the Crown itself exhibited weakness. Though virtually all the Beauchamp earls belonged to the later middle ages, the chance survival of their records and other factors have dictated that emphasis be laid on their history after 1369 and that, within that period, a personal bias be given to the life of the fifth earl. The balance has been redressed, however, by the discussion of other aspects not confined to the years 1401-39. The fourth earl's disgrace in 1397 marked the nadir of Beauchamp fortunes, a situation reversed by the advent of Henry IV. The beginning of the Lancastrian regime practically coincided with the majority of Earl Richard, who oversaw the recovery and expansion of the family's wealth and influence and prepared the way for their short-lived dukedom. This was extinguished, along with their earldom, on the failure of the male line in 1446. Detailed attention is given to the estate administration and finances of the fourth and fifth earls, who took an interest in such matters. As a result, they probably enjoyed a fairly steady income from land (political loss aside) in the period 1395-1423, and its expenditure reflected their current preoccupations: lawsuits, the purchase of property, the war, and patronage. The Beauchamps dispensed largesse to a numerous following, the subject of a final chapter dealing with the cost and nature of their patronage, the composition and stability of the affinity, and the interaction of the war and peace-time retinues.

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Holt, Richard Arthur. "Gloucester : an English provincial town during the later Middle Ages." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.247530.

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Zumbuhl, Mark Joseph. "The practice of Irish kingship in the Central Middle Ages." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2005. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/1209/.

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The institution of kingship was a fundamental feature of medieval Irish society; if we can better understand kingship, we can similarly gain a greater appreciation of the distinctive features of that society. This thesis investigates the practices of Irish kings and dynasties in the Central Middle Ages (roughly, the ninth to twelfth centuries) as represented by the sources. Several kingdoms and dynasties of medieval Ireland are closely studied with reference to different aspects of royal practice. There are two particular elements of this methodology. The first is to trace the practices employed by the kings of those dynasties over time; this gives us a greater sense of how kingship changed through the centuries, and enables us to move away from the static and synchronic models of kingship which have informed much previous scholarship. The second is to focus closely on these kingdoms so that we may gain a better sense of regional variation within Ireland. The investigation proceeds with the belief that Irish conditions may be better understood by reference to parallels drawn from the wider European context. This thesis demonstrates that the nature of Irish kingship and the practices of its kings are more sophisticated and varied matters than has been realised. The ‘dynamic’ model of kingship is validated, but it has become clear that we must allow for a greater degree of variation in the strategies and styles of Irish royal practice, both regionally, and as time progressed. Many features were common to the whole Irish polity; this is not surprising, for pre-Norman Ireland, as mediated to us through the sources, appears to possess a remarkably uniform culture. However, in different ways, the ruling dynasties of Mide, Ailech, Munster, Bréifne and Osraige innovated and contributed to the development of Irish royal practices, and arguably to the nature of Irish kingship itself. The thesis also re-examines the arguments which have been advanced that the nature of kingship had profoundly changed by ca 1200.

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Page, Sophie Louise. "Magic at St Augustine's, Canterbury in the late Middle Ages." Thesis, University of London, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.340649.

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Elliott, Andrew Brian Ross. "Recreation and representation : the Middle Ages on film (1950-2006)." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/88498.

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In evaluating the Middle Ages on film, this thesis combines two different critical approaches, drawn from historiography on one side and semiotics on the other. In the first chapter, I argue that historiographic criticism has largely undermined our belief in a monolithic, objective History, and that modern historical enquiry contains a tacit admission of its own subjectivity. In Chapter Two, I use these admissions to argue the case for history on film, demonstrating that in terms of the construction of history, the processes of filmmaking closely resemble those of ‘doing’ history, and that criticisms of historical films are often the same criticisms which Historians raise in respect of their own works of ‘pure history’. In the remaining chapters (3-6), I look at specific examples of types of historical character, drawn from the medieval separation of society into “those who work, those who fight and those who pray”, as well as “those who rule”. In each case, I adopt a similar methodological approach, conducting close cinematographic analysis on a range of film extracts in order to see how filmmakers have tried to construct the past visually in their representation of historical characters. Here my arguments move away from historical criticism to focus instead on aesthetics and cinematography. The overall theory is that there exist two fundamental approaches to the medieval past in film: the first iconic and syntagmatic, the second paradigmatic. Iconic approaches, I argue, work to try to recreate the lost medieval referent by using aesthetic ‘signifiers’ in order to communicate their significance to a medieval audience. The paradigm, on the other hand, works in the opposite way; in order to explain a medieval object, the filmmaker casts about for modern equivalents to use as metaphors. Where the icon recreates the object to communicate the concept, the paradigm communicates the object by re-presenting the concept.

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Chadwick, Eleanor. "Shakespeare, the Middle Ages, and contemporary historically-responsive theatre practice." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2017. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/106492/.

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This thesis explores the notion that the emergent language of theatre, and more generally of modern culture, has links to much earlier forms of storytelling and an ancient worldview, and raises questions as to how theatre practitioners might best understand and utilise early modes of entertainment and ideologies in the creation of performance work today. It examines the emergence and history of theatrical performance in Britain, with particular focus on how medieval ideologies and theatrical forms were absorbed into the practices of the first professional theatres in the early modern age, using Shakespeare’s work as a core example. Further, it uncovers and interrogates, through practice, links between performance approaches today and the ritual roots of native theatrical tradition: links which have been largely lost in Britain and much of the Western world, but which still exist in certain other cultures. The thesis includes analysis of how Shakespeare’s medieval inheritance shaped the drama he created, and demonstrates (through practice-based research) how a practical, psychosomatic understanding of residual as well as emergent modes in the plays can not only benefit practitioners seeking to stage Shakespeare’s work for today’s audiences, but also provide inspiration for the creation of new work. This research has practice as its core: drawing directly on my own theatre work, and exploring an alternative kind of ‘knowing’ through the body. It relates current trends in modern theatre practice (the immersive, the psychosomatic, the multisensory, the site-specific and so on) to the ritual, amalgamative, communal and visceral modes of early performance, interrogating particular elements such as mankind’s position in the universe, time and space, language and the body, universality versus specificity, and ritual behaviour in performance. The work concludes that the ritual, embodied, hierophanic and communal mode of medieval performance is not only what practitioners today are searching for in their experimental practice and in the intercultural engagement with other (ritualised) cultures, but also presents a way of understanding and dealing with the traumas and anxieties of society that is efficacious and malleable to any period in human history, and is especially relevant to times of great change and upheaval, such as both the early modern age of Shakespeare and our own time.

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Brigljevic, Kseniga. "The Cistercian economy in England in the later Middle Ages." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2000. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272303.

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Jones, Samantha A. "THE LOATHLY LADY AND THE MARGINS OF THE MIDDLE AGES." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin998078206.

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Nava, Teresa Marie. "Constructing authority : the Astur kingdom in the early middle ages /." May be available electronically:, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/login?COPT=REJTPTU1MTUmSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=12498.

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39

Birch, Debra Julie. "Pilgrimage to Rome in the Middle Ages : continuity and change /." Woodbridge (GB) : Boydell press, 1998. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37028262s.

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Guthrie, Shirley. "Arab social life in the Middle Ages : an illustrated study /." London : Saqi books, 1995. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb377511917.

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Rudy, Gordon. "The mystical language of sensation in the later Middle Ages /." New York : Routledge, 2002. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39266484m.

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Orning, Hans Jacob. "Unpredictability and presence : Norwegian kingship in the High Middle Ages /." Leiden ; Boston : Mass. : Brill, 2008. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb412592988.

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43

Murray, Frances. "The representation of weeping rulers in the early Middle Ages." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/15646.

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This thesis examines the representation of weeping rulers in early medieval sources, focusing on the Carolingian empire between 790 and 888. The meanings applied to tears are culturally specific: thus, exploring how, why, when and where rulers cried can illuminate the dynamics of power and ideals of kingship in this period. This thesis provides a survey of a poorly understood phenomenon. It also challenges several assumptions about the nature of early medieval power. Rulers wept not only over their own sins (a well-recognised phenomenon), but also over the sins of others and out of a desire for heavenly glory. Thus, they wept in a ‘monastic' or ‘priestly' way. This was something associated more with certain rulers than others. As such, tears can be used as a lens through which developments in ideas about the relationship between secular rulers and the ecclesiastical hierarchy can be traced. The thesis is divided into six sections. The historiographical importance of this topic is discussed in the introduction. Chapter one assesses the understanding of tears in biblical, Roman and Merovingian sources. Chapter two focuses on the representation of tears in texts associated with the court of Charlemagne (d. 814). Chapter three explores how authors loyal to Louis the Pious (d. 840) used tears to respond to criticisms of him and his wife, the Empress Judith (d. 843). Chapter four turns to exegetical material written between 820 and 860 and examines how biblical rulers were represented weeping. In particular, the reception of these previously unrecognised images in royal courts and their influence on narrative sources will be considered. Chapter five explores sources from the later ninth century, focusing particularly on the writings of Hincmar of Reims (d. 882) and Notker of St Gall (d. 912). Chapter six considers tears in three case studies drawn from post=Carolingian sources. Finally the concluding section outlines the significance of this thesis for our understanding of Carolingian and post Carolingian political culture and the history of weeping in the middle ages.

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Roberts, John E. Freed John B. "Feudalism "Tryranny of a construct" /." Normal, Ill. Illinois State University, 1990. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p9101124.

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Thesis (D.A.)--Illinois State University, 1990.
Title from title page screen, viewed November 11, 2005. Dissertation Committee: John B. Freed (chair), William C. Archer, Carl J. Ekberg, David J. MacDonald, Lawrence W. McBride. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 272-285) and abstract. Also available in print.

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Kraman, Cynthia. "Landscapes of faith and philosophy in selected late Middle English texts." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.287246.

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Fox, Rory. "The concept of time in thirteenth century western theology." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.310517.

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Yang, Jei. "Wage earners in early sixteenth century England." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.247164.

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Sutton, Anne Frances. "The mercery trade and the Mercers' Company of London : from the 1130s to 1348." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.294760.

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Love, Rosalind Claire. "The texts, transmission and circulation of some eleventh-century Anglo-Latin saints' lives." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1993. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272404.

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Wines, Andrew Roberts. "The London Charterhouse in the later Middle Ages : an institutional history." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1998. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/251655.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Astrology in the Middle Ages'

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