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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Asymetrics'
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Fiala, Jiří. "K různým druhům asymetrií protistran smlouvy." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-11982.
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This diploma thesis discusses the problem of asymmetrically distributed information between economic agents who interact with each other. It describes the historical development of asymmetric information in economic theory. It mainly focuses on possible emergence of inefficiencies due to asymmetrically distributed information. It describes the model of adverse selection. The thesis also points out how it is possible to apply this model of adverse selection together with knowledge of contract theory to partly overcome these inefficiencies. The aim of the study is to show on concrete examples how to design optimal contract and how these optimal contract can minimize the impact of asymmetric information on economic efficiency.
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Cox, M. A. "Asymetric synthesis using coordination complexes." Thesis, Bucks New University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.380285.
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Walek, Vladislav. "Moderní asymetrické kryptosystémy." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-219311.
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Asymmetric cryptography uses two keys for encryption public key and for decryption private key. The asymmetric cryptosystems include RSA, ElGamal, Elliptic Curves and others. Generally, asymmetric cryptography is mainly used for secure short messages and transmission encryption key for symmetric cryptography. The thesis deals with these systems and implements selected systems (RSA, ElGamal, McEliece, elliptic curves and NTRU) into the application. The application can test the features of chosen cryptosystems. These systems and their performance are compared and evaluated with the measured values. These results can predict the future usage of these systems in modern informatics systems.
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Lisoněk, David. "Šifrování SMS pro mobilní komunikaci." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-235448.
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This thesis deals with encryption of short text message (SMS) in mobile communication. Introduction is dedicated to overview of the parts of GSM radiotelephone nets and SMS messages transfer . Next chapter is reserved for description of cryptographic methods especially symetric and asymetric encryptografic aproaches. A design of a SMS messages encryption and decryption techniques is in next. For SMS encryption and sign, there is used the asymetric cypher RSA. Encryption use OAEP padding schema. The public key is saved in certificate. The Symbian OS has been choosen as a suitable platform for programming of mobile devices.
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DE, LANGERON NICOLAS. "Asymetries mammaires : traitement chirurgical de 43 cas." Besançon, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BESA3100.
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Vondál, Tomáš. "Příčiny a důsledky hypoteční krize v USA." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-5971.
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The main objects of this diploma thesis are basic trends in the mortgage market in the United States and their role in the current mortgage crisis. As a theoretical background in the first part of this work are mentioned asymetric information with the optimal consumer choice regarding mortgage product and the general theory of the securitization. Practical part continues from the description of the main characteristics of the mortgage to the whole mortgage market and the role of government agencies. Following analysis is concerning the significant tendencies in the past years, which dominates in the mortgage market in the USA. The focus is mainly aimed at the growth of alternative mortgage products in connection with strong home price apreciation. Then the position of mortgage brokers and their role in the subprime sector are discusssed. Subprime sector is analysed as well and then the securitization of mortgages as the main trend in the past years is investigated. The development of the current crisis is the object of the last chapter.
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Cooksey, John Paul. "Asymetric synthesis using (pi-allyl) metal complexes." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.445378.
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Martínez, Salmeron Debora. "Three-dimensional study of the lberian red deer antler (Cervus elaphus hispanicus): application of geometric morphometrics techniques and other methodologies." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/277465.
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Over time, many studies about deer antlers, based on classical morphometry, have been done. The present study propose a new perspective on the study of Iberian red deer antlers (Cervus elaphus hispanicus) from Sierra Morena (Spain), introducing new techniques able to provide more detailed information about them. The objectives addressed in this work have been principally focused on the use of geometric morphometrics methods and photogrammetric systems based on CAD-3D technology. Three-dimensional coordinates of 217 antlers concerning both the full and half antler structure, were adapted to each objective of the study and subjected to several statistics analyses. The exhaustive characterization of the shape changes of different antler parts with age was carried out, as well as the exploration of the existence of an optimal age for the obtention of the best antlers. The antlers of youngest individuals (2 to 3 years old) showed smaller but more elongated near the skull, with straighter and vertically oriented tines; while antlers of fully-grown individuals (6 to 9 years old) were shorter near the skull and more arched distally, with longer and curved tines. The allocation of an own antler categorization, based on measures of homologation protocols, made possible the observation of an antler improvement of individuals aged between 4-9 years, as well as some deterioration from 10 to 13 years. This is important for deer management in the area studied, which also might be applicable to other species. The high variability of antlers in terms of asymmetry was studied through the evaluation of the presence of Fluctuating asymmetry (FA) and Directional asymmetry (DA). Generally, previous studies show FA on antlers. However, the presence of FA and DA was significant in the antlers sampled, being the amount of DA higher than FA. The predominance of DA, rejected the possibility of considering FA as individual quality indicator. In addition, the DA presence involved new insights about the antler asymmetry and its development, pointing to to a more intense use of the right antler side. On the other hand, the annual capacity of antlers to regenerate, where multiple pathways interact, led us to the idea that antlers may act as modular structures. Accordingly, five modularity hypotheses of different biological interest, were proposed taking into account the variation among individuals and the variation suffered at direct developmental pathways. Modularity and integration were found, highlighting the tight relationship between both phenomena in antlers. This last fact, reflected the interaction of multiple pathways along the antler growth, as well as the existence of developmental interactions transmitting the effect of random perturbations throughout the whole structure. Thus, antlers generally act as single integrated modules, performing a common function as head and eyes protection during fights. However, the modularity observed suggested the relative independent behaviour of some antler parts, as the trez tines, during antler development. Finally, a Photogrammetric Interactive Measure Method (PhIMM), based on the combination of digital methods and the use of a parametric CAD system, was proposed to complete the study. This methodology, represents advantages from the data-taking point of view, since the use of digital photographs allows to sample in the field in an economic and fast way. Furthermore, the lack of taking measures in the field is not a problem, since the CAD technology allows to create three-dimensional models of the structures on which we can perform all the measurements desired, including volumes and perimeters. In addition, the information extracted from this models can be directly shown in excel sheets, facilitating the data processing and even the introduction in other programs.La presente investigación estudia astas de ciervo Ibérico (Cervus elaphus hispanicus) mediante técnicas de morfometría geométrica y fotogrametría. Los cambios de forma de 217 cornamentas fueron caracterizados en función de la edad de los individuos. Especímenes de 2-3 años presentaron cornamentas pequeñas y alargadas, con puntas rectas y orientadas verticalmente. En cambio, las cornamentas de especímenes de 6-9 años, eran más cortas y arqueadas, con puntas largas y curvadas. La categorización propia de las astas, permitió observar una mejora de la calidad de las mismas en individuos de 4 a 9 años, y un deterioro en las de 10 a 13 años. La presencia de asimetría fluctuante (FA) y asimetría direccional (DA), también fue estudiada. Tanto FA como DA fueron significativas, siendo DA más abundante que FA. La predominancia de DA, imposibilitó considerar FA como indicador de calidad individual, y sugirió un uso más intenso de la rama derecha. Que las cornamentas pudieran ser estructuras modulares, llevó a proponer cinco hipótesis de modularidad, teniendo en cuenta tanto la variación entre individuos, como la debida a vías directas del desarrollo. La presencia de modularidad e integración en las cornamentas fue significativa. Ello reflejó tanto la interacción de múltiples vías durante el proceso de crecimiento de las cornamentas, como la existencia de interacciones capaces de transmitir perturbaciones aleatorias a lo largo de toda la estructura. Por lo tanto, las astas actuarían como un único módulo integrado. Sin embargo, la modularidad observada sugirió cierta independencia de partes como los candiles. La implementación de un método fotogramétrico interactivo de medida (PhIMM), basado en la toma de fotografías digitales y la utilización de un sistema CAD paramétrico, fue propuesto para completar el estudio. Dicha metodología, es ventajosa en la recolección de datos, puesto que la tecnología digital permite muestrear rápida y económicamente. Además, la falta del registro de ciertas medidas en el campo no es un problema, ya que la tecnología CAD permite crear modelos tridimensionales de las estructuras de interés, donde es posible realizar todas las medidas deseadas.
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Boyer, Cécile. "Microstructure et asymetries d'information sur les marches d'actions." Paris, EHESS, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000EHES0002.
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En presence d'asymetrie d'information entre les intervenants, les structures d'echange conditionnent les comportements, les prix et leurs evolutions. Or, il n'existe pas une seule mais un grand nombre de forme d'organisation des marches. La comprehension des mecanismes boursiers necessite donc l'etude micro-economique de ces structures, alors appelees microstructures. La recherche sur ce sujet est actuellement en pleine expansion. Si dans une premiere partie nous avons compare les differentes formes d'organisation, cette these est plus particulierement devolue a l'analyse de deux phenomenes qui ont marque les marches financiers durant les vingt dernieres annees. Il s'agit d'une part de l'internationalisation et du developpement des produits derives et de l'autre de l'essor des marches diriges par les ordres. Un investisseur qui soumet un ordre sur un tel marche ne sait pas s'il sera execute ni a quelle date et pour quelle quantite. Les echanges resultent de leur confrontation avec un carnet d'ordre, assimilable a des courbes d'offre et de demande. Ces specificites - l'existence d'un risque de non-execution et d'un carnet d'ordre - sont etudiees dans la deuxieme partie. De la multiplication des marches resulte celle des liens qui les unissent. En effet, une action peut maintenant etre simultanement echangee sur plusieurs bourses. De plus, les evenements marquant la vie des produits derives, comme leur liquidation influe sur les comportements d'investissement de l'action sous-jacente et donc sur son prix. Nous proposons dans une troisieme partie des. Modelisations aptes arendre compte des consequences de ces interactions entre marche.
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Tvaroh, Tomáš. "Analýza útoků na asymetrické kryptosystémy." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-81959.
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This thesis analyzes various attacks on underlying computational problem of asymmetric cryptosystems. First part introduces two of the most used problems asymmetric cryptography is based on, which are integer factorization and computation of discrete logarithm. Algorithms for solving these problems are described and for each of them there is a discussion about when the use of this particular algorithm is appropriate and when it isn't. In the next part computational problems are related to algorithms RSA and ECC and it is shown, how solving the underlying problem enables us to crack the cypher. As a part of this thesis an application was developed that measures the efficiency of described attacks and by providing easy-to-understand enumeration of algorithm's steps it can be used to demonstrate how the attack works. Based on the results of performed analysis, most secure asymmetric cryptosystem is selected along with some recommendations regarding key pair generation.
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Kokeš, Vratislav. "Asymetrie informace na pojistných trzích." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-11419.
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The work deals with the phenomenon of information asymmetry on the insurance markets. The aim of this work is to identify the information asymmetry as such and its specifics on the insurance markets, to describe and evaluate the possible procedures for its reduction and finally to estimate the future developments in this field. We use the study of the scientific literature, analysis of related legislation and insurance conditions of relevant insurance products and last but not least the author's own experience of work in the field of banking. There are described the procedures to reduce the information asymmetry such as the insurance legislation, possible modifications in the insurance conditions, information registers and expert systems.
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Vardoulakis, Alexandros P. "Essays in asset pricing under asymetric information and default." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.543599.
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McGregor, Stuart Thomas. "Clean green chemistry : enzyme-catalysed and chemical asymetric synthesis." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.485058.
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Chapter 1 provides an introduction to the metabolism of aromatic compounds by enzymes, and the use of bioproducts in synthesis. A brief introduction into the synthesis and potential applications of amino alcohols is also discussed. Finally, a summary of a number of methods for the-determination of enantiomeric excess concludes the chapter. Chapter 2 investigates the synthesis oftrans-dihydrodiols from their cis-dihydrodiol precursors. The desymmetrisation ofmeso-l,2-dihydroxycyclohexane is also discussed. The chemoenzymatic synthesis oftrans-I,2-aminocyclohexanols, including the biologically important compound vesamicol is examined. Chapter 3 explores the synthesis of a number ofcis- and trans-azido alcohols from bromo- and chIoro- benzene, and the conversion ofthe azido alcohols to cis- and trans-amino alcohols. A brief investigation into the substitution ofthe halide atom in bromobenzene-cis-diol is discussed as a potential route to a library ofcis- and (rmlS- amino alcohols. Chapter 4 is divided into three parts. The first section discusses a number of synthetic routes to vicinal cis- and trmls- amino alcohol derivatives of naphthalene. The second section outlines the bacterial metabolism ofselected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and the formation of bis-cis-diols. The final section introduces a new class of bacterial metabolites from acetonide-protected diol substrates.
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Sala, Román Xavier. "New Ruthenium complexes containing N, P and S-donor type of ligands: coordination chemistry, characterization and application to asymetric and non-asymetric catalysis." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/8043.
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Síntesi de nous complexos de Ruteni amb lligands no quirals que tenen per fórmula [Ru(phen)([9]aneS3)X] (on X = H2O, py i MeCN). Caracterització espectroscòpica electroquímica i estructural d'aquesta família de complexos. Estudi de les seves propietats catalítiques en front a l'oxidació de substrats orgànics com l'alcohol benzílic en reaccions d'electrocatàlisi. Avaluació cinètica dels mecanismes de substitució entre els complexos Ru-py i Ru-MeCN. Generació d'un interruptor molecular foto-induït.Síntesi de nous complexos quirals de Ru atropoisomèricament purs amb lligands oxazolínics que tenen per fórmula [Ru(trpy)(Ph-box-R)X] on (X = Cl, H2O, py, MeCN, 2-OH-py). Caracterització estructural exhaustiva en estat sòlid (Raig-X) en solució (RMN) i en fase gas (càlculs DFT). Avaluació de la seva activitat catalítica en reaccions asimmetriques d'epoxidació de substrats proquirals.
Síntesi de nous lligands polipiridílics quirals amb simetria C3. Estudi de la seva química de coordinació i avaluació de la seva activitat catalítica en reaccions asimmetriques d'oxidació i reducció.
Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization and redox properties of a new Ru-H2O complex containing 1,10-phenantroline and the soft [9]aneS3 ligand. Substitution pathways of a new Ru-py complex [Ru(phen)(py)([9]aneS3)]2+ to form the corresponding Ru-MeCN complex through kinetic analysis. Kinetic establishment of a reaction intermediate. Synthesis of new Ru(II) complexes containing the chiral 1,2-bis(oxazolinyl) benzene ligand. Rotationally restricted isomers were produced upon coordination to a ruthenium metal centre. Atropisomeric discrimination was observed due to steric effects between the oxazolinic and the auxiliary ligands. Evaluacion of the catalytic activity of the family of complexes in C=C double bond epoxidations.
Development of new synthetic routes toward chiral "pineno-fused" N-donor ligands. Synthesis of Ru(II) complexes containing different combinations of these new ligands with other non-chiral N-N or p-P compounds. Evaluacion of the catalytic activity of these complexes in catalytic oxidation (epoxidations) and reductions (hydrogenation and transfer hydrogenation) of C=C double bonds.
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GORNES, BERNARD. "La chirurgie des asymetries mammaires essentielles : technique du sein restant." Toulouse 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU31110.
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Haley, William Charles Jr. "The synthesis and asymetric reduction of a liquid crystalline polymer." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/11040.
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Caumel, Prakashanand. "Synthesis of novel surfactants and their use in asymetric catalysis." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.397566.
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SEVY, DAVID. "Contributions a la concurrence imparfaite : asymetries, concurrence et dynamique de marche." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993EPXX0006.
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Cette these regroupe six contributions qui s'articulent en trois chapitres, chacun etant dedie a l'analyse de modeles de concurrence oligopolistique en presence de l'un de trois facteurs classiques d'imperfections de marche, respectivement information imparfaite, externalites (internalites) et rendements croissants. Les contributions du premier chapitre explorent les enjeux d'une asymetrie d'information entre firmes et consommateurs qui porte sur la qualite des produits a la vente, en particulier les possibilites de distorsion informationnelle offertes par le jeu de la concurrence. Le deuxieme chapitre s'interroge sur les incitations a fournir a la r & d sur un marche homogene, en presence d'effets de diffusion technologique. En reponse a une deficience notoire de la r & d, notre analyse suggere un mode original de regulation qui repose sur un encadrement de la concurrence produit au moyen d'un guidage tarifaire simple; sa forme illustre les problemes specifiques attaches a la regulation d'un oligopole, ou l'intensite de la concurrence est un moyen de controle puissant, au contraire de la regulation du monopole, qui resout le compromis incitation/capture d'une rente de position dominante. Le dernier chapitre presente une theorie strategique du monopole naturel, basee sur la notion d'engagements repetes dans un contexte dynamique. L'analyse formelle fait appel a des notions de forward induction et de point focal, operationnalisees par un mode de calcul economique deja utilise par eaton & lipsey pour leur analyse du monopole naturel renouvelable. L'accent est mis sur la presence d'asymetries possiblement transitoires qui suscitent un partage intertemporel du marche et rendent compatibles l'existence de rentes et le role disciplinaire de la concurrence potentielle. Les proprietes normatives de notre solution theorique sont discutees dans une perspective strategique qui renouvelle la traditionnelle analyse de surplus
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Statnik, Jean-Christophe. "Asymetrie d'information et rationnement partiel du credit." Lille 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LIL20015.
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Cette recherche vise a legitimer le rationnement partiel du credit bancaire defini comme une situation dans laquelle la demande du debiteur est partiellement satisfaite. Nous situant dans un cadre d'asymetrie d'information "ex-ante", nous montrons que le rationnement partiel du credit est la reponse efficiente d'une banque au probleme de l'antiselection. Plus precisement, le rationnement partiel du credit s'avere etre une caracteristique du contrat de credit qui, associee au taux d'interet, permet aux banques d'identifier la qualite de chaque client. Ce resultat, de plus, se revele robuste : il resiste a l'introduction dans le modele de contrats bancaires plus sophistiques tels que le credit confirmeThis research aims at legitimising the partial rationing of bank credit established where the demand of the debtor is partly met. Being in a situation of assymetrical situation "ex-ante", the partial rationing of credit is shown to be the bank's most efficient answer to the problem of selection adverse. More precisely, the partial rationing of credit happens to be a characteristic of the loan contract, which, associated with the interest rate, enables banks to single out the credit-worthiness of every customer. The result, morever, is all the more reliable as it prevents the introduction into the model of more sophisticated bank contracts such as credit commitments
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Kleštinec, Ivan. "Európska centrálna banka: asymetrické dopady jej menovej politiky." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-194210.
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The ECB was established during the third phase of the economic and monetary union and its activities launched on 1. 7. 1998. It has become a new independent institution whose primary task became the conduct of monetary policy for countries that have accepted the euro currency. This master thesis examines the impact of monetary policy of the euro area and its asymmetric effects. ECB affects individual national economies using its strategies and instruments. Using especially interest rates makes monetary policy expansive or restrictive. For every country, belonging to euro area, has this policy different implications. Although ECB attempts to implement monetary policy for every country equally, for some countries has a monetary policy asymmetric effect. Using the Taylor rule of monetary policy, we can find contradictory effects of monetary policy.
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Kohoutek, Jakub. "Reagují ceny pohonných hmot v České republice asymetricky?" Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-199721.
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It's a subject of extensive discussion whether or not fuel prices on gas stations respond faster on an increase of oil price than on its decrease. Though this phenomenon is widely discussed in scientific literature, there's still no study focused on an asymmetric behavior of fuel prices on the Czech market. This diploma thesis fills the gap and explores the reaction of fuel prices in response to cost shocks in the environment of the Czech Republic. At the first section of thesis, there is described several economic theories explaining asymmetric reaction - especially the theories based on consumer behavior under the imperfect information assumption and the theory of tacit collusion according to which the price of previous period provides companies on oligopolistic market with a focal price for implicit cartel agreement. In the Empirical part of the thesis, I use an error correction model allowing asymmetric reaction to analyze if the retail fuel prices in the Czech Republic really react with different lag on positive and negative cost shocks. Based on several time series of gasoline and diesel prices, presence of asymmetric price reaction was proven between wholesale and retail level of supply chain.
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Lopez, Philippe. "Deux approches de l'evolution moleculaire : asymetries de composition et recherche des covarions." Paris 11, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA112356.
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L'evolution moleculaire peut s'etudier d'au moins deux manieres : la premiere approche consiste a analyser les proprietes spatiales de sequences biologiques individuelles (etude horizontale) et la seconde a comparer un grand nombre de ces sequences pour inferer des evenements historiques (etude verticale). Nous avons applique ces deux conceptions a l'etude des asymetries de composition dans les genomes complets et a celle d'un nouveau modele d'evolution, le modele gamma-covarion. Dans une premiere partie, nous etendons les analyses classiques de l'exces de g sur c, ou de a sur t, dans les sequences genomiques par l'exces de mots de 2 a 8 nucleotides sur leurs complementaires inverses. Cette technique permet de mieux predire in silico les origines de replication de certains genomes bacteriens, et surtout pour la premiere fois des archebacteries, pour lesquelles nous montrons qu'elles ont une origine unique de replication in silico, ce que nous confirmons par des experiences in vitro. Par ailleurs, la cause de asymetries de composition reste a determiner mais nous demontrons qu'elles peuvent se reduire aux effets conjugues d'une orientation biaisee des genes et d'un biais mutationnel global lie a la replication. Dans une seconde partie, nous invalidons par un test statistique la majeure partie des modeles d'evolution utilises jusqu'a present, qui postulent que le taux de substitution d'une position donnee est constant dans le temps. Cette violation des modeles est la cause d'artefacts de reconstruction en phylogenie, dont nous detaillons quelques exemples, comme la position de la racine de l'arbre universel du vivant ou encore la phylogenie des eucaryotes. Nous proposons alors un nouveau modele d'evolution a partir du modele covarion, pour lequel le taux de substitution peut varier le long de l'arbre. Les consequences de ce modele pour la phylogenie et ses possibles implementations sont discutees.
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Wojcik, Karolina. "D-glucosamine as "green" substrate in synthesis of ligands for asymetric catalysis." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00974873.
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Several ligands derived from D-glucosamine, designed for different catalytic reactions havebeen synthesized. The ligands for homogeneous catalysis based on 1,2-glucodiamine wereprepared, and used in reactions of allylic alkylation, hydrogenation and Michael addition.Supported Aqueous Phase Catalyst (SAPC) system was prepared from D-glucosamine anduse with very good results in Suzuki Miyaura cross coupling reactions. Catalyst was alsorecycled. Attempt to prepare ligands grafted on SBA-silica matrix were made as well asligands containing poly(ethylene) glycol moiety.
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Nichol, Eric Andrew. "Experimental behaviour of inelastic mass-asymetric multi-storey buildings under seismic loading." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1999. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1318017/.
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Buildings with non coincident centres of mass and stiffness respond in both translation and rotation during seismic ground excitations. This translational and rotational interaction (torsional coupling) can lead to excessive forces in some structural members. This could possibly lead to structural failure if the building is not properly designed to accommodate this response interaction. Previous elastic analytical studies have determined the structural parameters that govern the degree of torsional coupling. However, the parameters found influencing torsional coupling during inelastic response in previous analytical studies have been found to be both more numerous and contradictory than those associated with the elastic response. This study concentrates on the inelastic behaviour of a series of four storey models representing idealized buildings. These building models have been developed from a previous experimental study on the elastic behaviour of torsional coupling. In this inelastic study, hinge units have been designed and used to simulate the yielding of the column or beam members in the experimental model, while maintaining ease of repeatability between tests. The yielding moment in these hinge units can be adjusted to alter the effective strength of the columns or beams in the model. This, along with the ability to vary the floor mass distribution, column sizes (diameter and length), and stiffness distribution allows for a degree of control on the structural parameters deemed important in previous inelastic analytical studies. Results are presented which illustrate the effects that the various structural configurations have on the different measures of inelastic building response, and its vulnerability to damage. These include changes in the building frequencies, member displacement ductilities and vulnerability, hysteretic energy dissipation, and peak structural responses. The study presents a comprehensive investigation of the column-yielding building models. Additionally, select key cases of the column yielding configurations are compared to both the beam-yielding models, and a computational model.
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Veselá, Kamila. "Asymetrie informací v procesu investování do fondů kvalifikovaných investorů." Doctoral thesis, Česká zemědělská univerzita v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-259738.
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The submitted paper focuses on information asymmetry in the area of investments in qualified investors' funds. The paper focuses on qualified investors' funds in the form of open-end mutual funds that allow the subscription of allotment certificates, i.e. they offer investment opportunities. The nature of qualified investors' funds allows, compared to standard funds, the execution of more venturous investment strategies, which, however, includes much higher risk connected to the information asymmetry. The paper is based on the assumption of information asymmetry between Investment Company and potential investors. The quality of the provided information is therefore critical; however, the investor cannot be expected to have the same knowledge of the fund as does the manager of the fund. The assumption of information asymmetry is based on the differences of interests of Investment Company and potential investor. Investor's interest is to maximize his own profit (net present value), but the interest of Investment Company is to maximize his profit (fee for managing the fund). The manager, maximizing the profit (his fee for managing the fund), may try to contort information towards the investor to "lure" him into an investment and thus achieve his goal. The objective of this dissertation paper is therefore the identification of risks connected to investing in QIF (qualified investors' funds) as result of the existence of IA (information asymmetry) on the side of the investor, qualitative analysis and proposal of measures leading to the elimination of IA. It's meant (in this paper) that information asymmetry is misrepresentation of information and also the incompleteness of information. The results are the basis for two outputs of this paper: investments recommendation for potential investors and information duties recommendation focused for Investment Companies. The aim of these outputs is to eliminate the influence of IA in the process of decision -- making of potential investors.
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Kasaplar, Ozkal Pinar. "Polymer supported and homogeneous organocatalysts for asymetric reactions: from batch to continuous flow applications." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/284154.
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El objetivo general de esta tesis es establecer una ruta sintética para la inmovilización de organocatalizadores en soporte polimérico. En primer lugar, describimos el desarrollo de α,α-difenylprolinol metil/trimetilsilil éteres soportados en poliestireno (PS) a través de cicloadiciones azida-alquino catalizadas por cobre (CuAAC). Además, se tratará la preparación de tiourea homogéneas derivadas de prolina, asi como organocatalizadores de tipo squaramida y tiourea soportados en poliestireno para su uso en catálisis se enlace de hidrojeno. La formación y la aplicación de éteres de diarilprolinol inmovilizados PS se probó con éxito en reacciones de tipo Michael. Asimismo, se estudió la actividad y selectividad de tioureas bifuncionales derivadas de prolina en la reacción anti-Mannich enantioselectiva y se obtuvieron selectividades moderadas. La fácil preparación del organocatalizador de tipo squaramida soportado en PS dio lugar a, actividades y enantioselectividades elevadas en reacciones de adición de Michael. Además, todas las ventajas de los catalizadores inmovilizados sobre soporte sólido, como el reciclaje y aplicaciones de flujo continuo se han realizado con éxito. Al mismo tiempo, una tiourea organocatalitica soportada en PS ha sido elaborada con un enfoque adaptado a partir de la síntesis de la squaramida relacionada. Esta tiourea se utilizó en la reacción de α-aminación junto con la propia squaramida, proporcionando resultados de buena a moderados en la α-hydrazination de compuestos 1,3-dicarbonílicos. Por lo tanto, hemos sido capaces de desarrollar organocatalizadores soportados sobre polímero eficaces que han sido utilizados en aplicaciones de reciclaje y de flujo continuo con éxito.The general aim of this thesis is to establish a synthetic route for the immobilization of organocatalysts onto polymer support. In this work, firstly we describe the development of polystyrene-supported diarylprolinol ethers via copper-catalyzed azide alkyne cycloaddition reaction, additionally, homogeneous proline derived thiourea organocatalyst and finally, polystyrene supported hydrogen bonding squaramide and thiourea organocatalysts. The formation and application of PS-supported diarylprolinol ethers was demonstrated successfully in Michael-type reactions. Then we continued with H-bonding homogeneous organocatalysts, proline derived bifunctional thiourea organocatalysts tested in enantioselective anti-Mannich reactions. In the last part, a facile preparation of PS-supported squaramide organocatalyst was successfully demonstrated, high catalytic activities and enantioselectivities obtained in the Michael addition reactions. Furthermore, all the advantages of solid supported catalysts such as recycling, and continuous flow applications have been performed with success. At the same time, the PS-supported thiourea organocatalyst was prepared with an approach adapted from the synthesis of squaramide organocatalyst. This thiourea was used in the α-amination reaction together with squaramide organocatalyst, good to moderate results were obtained in the α-hydrazination of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds. Therefore, we have been able to develop effective polymer-supported organocatalysts and used them in the recycling and continuous flow applications successfully.
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Hadhri, Moncef. "Inter-jurisdictional fiscal competition and fiscal co-operation under imperfect capital mobility and asymetric preferences." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212272.
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Junique, Stéphane. "Surface-normal multiple quantum well electroabsorption modulators : for optical signal processing and asymetric free-space communication /." Stockholm : Informations- och kommunikationsteknik, Kungliga Tekniska högskolan, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4532.
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FERRANTE, CESAR AUGUSTO DE OLIVEIRA. "THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF FLEXURAL BEHAVIOUR OF COMPOSITE BEAMS USING ASYMETRIC STEEL SECTION PARTIALLY ENCASED." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2015. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=26352@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROCONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO
Nesta dissertação, foi desenvolvido um estudo teórico-experimental de um sistema pré-fabricado de vigamentos mistos de pisos de edificações. O modelo estrutural consiste em vigas mistas do tipo duplo T, onde as nervuras são constituídas por uma viga celular formada a partir de um perfil I laminado, parcialmente embutido na laje de concreto. Após a montagem das vigas-mistas na obra, é feito um capeamento de concreto armado para solidarização do conjunto. Uma grande vantagem deste sistema é proporcionar a integração do piso com o sistema de instalações prediais, por meio da passagem de dutos pelas aberturas do perfil metálico. São apresentados os detalhes do sistema construtivo, bem como as recomendações de projeto. Foi executada uma análise paramétrica para avaliação do comportamento estrutural em termos de eficiência estrutural, visando-se principalmente a redução de custos de fabricação e velocidade de montagem. Com base neste estudo, foi desenvolvido um programa experimental no Laboratório de Estruturas e Materiais da PUC-Rio, para análise do comportamento carga/deformação e da resistência última à flexão dos protótipos submetidos a um carregamento estático. Com os dados obtidos, fez-se uma comparação com os resultados previstos. Os resultados experimentais confirmaram as previsões de resistência fornecidas pelas recomendações de projeto.
In this research, is present a theoretical and experimental study of the prefabricated composite beams system. The structural model consists of composite beams of double T type where the ribs are constituted by an asymmetric I-section cellular beam, partially embedded in the concrete slab. After installation of the beams in the work, it is made a reinforced concrete capping for solidarity assembly. A great advantage of this system is integrate the floor with the building installations system, by passing ducts through the openings of the metal profile. This dissertation presents the system with the general details of construction and design. A parametric analysis was performed to assess the structural behavior in terms of structural efficiency. It is mainly aimed at reducing manufacturing costs and speed of assembly. Based on this study, was developed an experimental program in the Structure and Materials Laboratory at PUC-Rio, to analyze the behavior load / deformation and ultimate flexural strength of prototypes subjected to a static loading. With the obtained data, a comparison is made with the expected results analytically. The experimental results confirmed the estimated strength given by the design recommendations.
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Boudelaa, Sami. "Organisation cognitive du langage parle : fonctions des symetries au asymetries phonetiques et accentuelles dans le bilinguisme arabe-anglais." Paris 7, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA070127.
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La presente these comprend quatre chapitres et vise a comprendre le fonctionnement du processeur linguistique humain en generale et le traitement linguistique chez le bilingue en particulier. Dans le premier chapitre les acceptions des termes "bilinguisme" et "bilingue" sont precisees en insistant sur le caractere multidimensionnel du bilinguisme. Les differentes hypotheses relatives au bilinguisme sont presentees, discutees et critiquees. Le deuxieme chapitre consiste en trois experiences de "gating" ayant pour objet d'evaluer l'effet de la similarite au niveau acoustico-phonetique sur l'acces au lexique et l'organisation cognitive chez le bilingue arabe-anglais. L'ensemble des resultats permet de mettre en evidence l'effet de la symetrique segmentale sur le processeur linguistique en temps reel. Pour expliquer les resultats observes un modele est suggere (modele de la cohorte bilingue). Dans les chapitres 3 et 4, il s'agit d'evaluer la plausibilite de ce modele au niveau accentuel et d'etudier le role de l'accent lexical au cours du traitement linguistique bilingue. D'abord, une definition de l'accent est esquissee tout en insistant sur son importance lors du traitement. Puis, le caractere asymetrique de l'accent en arabe et en anglais est soulignee (chapitre 3). Enfin, deux experiences d'amorcage semantique intramodale sont realisees afin de determiner le role de l'asymetrie au niveau de l'accent sur le traitement linguistique chez le bilingue arabe-anglais. Les resultats confirment les predictions faites dans le cadre du modele de la cohorte bilingue (chapitre 4)The present dissertation focuses on arabic-english bilingualism as a means of approaching the general question of language processing and representation. It falls into four chapters in the first of which a host of definitions of bilingualism is presented and criticized. The second chapter consists in three gating experiments aiming at studying the effects of segmental symmetries on arabic-english bilinguals' processing. The results indicate clearly that the symmetrical or asymmetrical attributes of the input at the segmental level weigh heavily on the processing and representation of lexical forms. To account for these findings a model is suggested: the bilingual cohort model. Chapters 3 and 4 deal with the effects of prosodic asymmetry on the bilingual's lexical processing and representation. After a brief presentation of the notions of stress and accent (chapter 3), the implications of the bilingual cohort model as the prosodic asymmetry is investigated in two unimodal semantic priming experiments. Using a lexical decision task the results suggest that arabic-english bilinguals can function monolingually with respect to the use of lexical stress information during word recognition. It is concluded that the bilingual cohort model accounts for bilinguals' behavior with economy and provides a satisfying idea of the human language processor
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Pierrugues, Laurent. "Annuleur de Diaphonie-NEXT (Near End Crosstalk) et Modulation Clustering pour les systèmes ADSL (Asymetric Digital Subscriber Line)." Cergy-Pontoise, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005CERG0295.
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Les travaux de cette thèse visent à améliorer la portée et le débit offerts sur la voie descendante d'une transmission ADSL. La première partie du mémoire détaille la chaîne de transmission ADSL, son canal de propagation ainsi que les bruits de diaphonie. La deuxième partie se focalise sur une solution diminuant l'impact du bruit NEXT chez l'abonné. A cet effet, un second capteur à « référence bruit seul » est introduit au récepteur et un algorithme par sous-porteuse maximise le SNR Une étude statistique confirment que ce système augmente significativement les performances. La troisième partie introduit la modulation «clustering » qui permet d'améliorer les performances sur de longues lignes quel que soit l'environnement de bruit. Cette modulation regroupe les tones, ne disposant pas d'un SNR suffisant pour accueillir une constellation « minimale », en « clusters » porteurs d'une même information. Par ce biais, la capacité inutilisée d'un symbole DMT s'avère réduite de près de 75%This dissertation aims at improving ADSL downstream reach and rate. The first part details the transmission scheme, the propagation channel and crosstalk noises. The second part introduces and analyzes a NEXT crosstalk canceller based on a “noise alone reference” at the receiver. A per sub-carrier algorithm then optimizes each tone SNR. After a stochastic study and field performances, we observed that this solution increases the average tone SNR by 3dB. The last part presents a new method called Clustering Modulation which achieves rate and reach improvements irrespective of the noise environment. This technique collects unloaded tones into “clusters”, loaded with the same information. A cluster is equivalent to a virtual tone, carrying 2 bits of information and ensuring the mandatory bit error rate. By this simple tones aggregation the unused DMT capacity can be reduced up to 75%
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Walch, Jean-Pierre. "Spécialisation des hémisphères cérébraux et développement cognitif : une étude de l'évolution temporelle des asymetries perceptives chez l'enfant d'âge scolaire." Aix-Marseille 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AIX10044.
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Des donnees experimentales recentes montrent l'existence d'une asymetrie structurale des hemispheres cerebraux (substrat anatomique probable de l'asymetrie fonctionnelle) et confirment la presence tres precoce de cette organisation asymetrique. De tels faits posent le probleme des liens entre structure et fonction au cours du developpement. L'asymetrie perceptive (ap) est actuellement envisagee comme un reflet comportemental de la specialisation hemispherique. L'analyse des travaux etudiant l'evolution dans le temps des ap (chapitre 3) montre que si ce phenomene est generalement stable sur l'ensemble d'un groupe, sa stabilite individuelle est limitee. Nous nous interrogeons ici sur la signification des changements individuels. Expriment-ils la labilite du phenomene sous-jacent ou bien ontils au contraire une valeur fonctionnelle ? c'est cette deuxieme hypothese que nous tentons d'eprouver. La stabilite d'un type d'ap est etudiee a partir d'une tache d'exploration manuelle de formes chez des enfants droitiers de 6 ans a 7 ans. Chez des enfants bons lecteurs, la situation dichhaptique met en evidence une ap " en faveur de la main gauche" (apmg), une bonne stabilite des donnees de groupe et une faible stabilite des donnees individuelles, cela dans deux groupes independants (experience i) comme dans le meme groupe a 12 mois d'intervalle (experiences ii et iii). Chez des enfants mauvais lecteurs, une apmg n'est observee que lors de la deuxieme evaluation (12 mois apres la premiere) accompagnant une amelioration de la performance spatiale. Ce patron d'evolution suggere la valeur adaptative du changement dans l'ap. Ces donnees peuvent etre interpretees en termes d'interaction des effets de maturation (plasticite cerebrale) et des processus d'activation de sous-systemes cerebraux (flexibilite neuro-cognitive ou strategique)Previous experiments have proven that structural asymmetry exits between the cerebral hemispheres (a probable anatomical substrate of functional asymmetry), and have confirmed the existence of such asymmetry even before birth. These facts raise the question of the link between structure and function during development. Perceptual asymmetry is currently viewed as the behavioral reflection of hemispheric specialization. The analysis of research on the evolution of perceptual asymmetry in time (chapter 3) demonstrates that although this phenomenon is stable at the group level, it is only so to a limited degree at the individual level. Are perceptual asymmetries a manifestation of the lability of the underlying phenomenon, or on the contrary, do they have a functional value ? we have attempted to prove the second hypothesis here. The stability of one type of perceptual asymmetry is studied using a manual shapeexploration task on right-handed, 6 and 7 years old children. For the normal readers in the dichhaptic situation, the existence of perceptual asymmetry "favouring the left hand", relatively stable group data, and unstable individual data are observed in both of the two independent groups studied (experiment i), as well as in the same group tested 12 months later (experiments ii and iii). For poor readers, a left perceptual asymmetry is only observed on the second test (12 months after the first) and is accompanied by an improvment in spatial performance. This evolution pattern indicates the adaptive nature of perceptual asymmetry changes. These findings may be interpreted in terms of the interaction between the effects of maturation (cerebral plasticity) and the cerebral subsystems activation processes (neurocognitive or strategic flexibility)
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Zbránek, Lukáš. "Bezpečné kryptografické algoritmy." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-235913.
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In this thesis there is description of cryptographic algorithms. Their properties are being compared, weak and strong points and right usage of particular algorithms. The main topics are safeness of algorithms, their bugs and improvements and difficulty of breaching. As a complement to ciphers there are also hash functions taken in consideration. There are also showed the most common methods of cryptanalysis. As a practical application of described algorithms I analyze systems for secure data transfer SSH and SSL/TLS and demonstrate an attack on SSL connection. In conclusion there is recommendation of safe algorithms for further usage and safe parameters of SSH and SSL/TLS connections.
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Pavlov, Nikola. "Synthèse asymétrique d’analogues de β2-tryptophane et application en synthèse peptidique." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON20186/document.
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Le tryptophane est un acide aminé essentiel qui, en plus de son rôle dans la biosynthèse des protéines, est le précurseur biochimique de nombreux composés. Beaucoup de peptides biologiquement actifs, qui possèdent dans leurs séquences cet acide aminé contenant un substituant indole, ont des propriétés physiologiques importantes. On peut citer par exemple des dérivés comme la sérotonine, le tryptamine, le sumatriptan qui ont des effets neurophysiologiques. Les analogues de tryptophane sont aussi des « building block » important pour la synthèse de peptidomimétiques, d'analogues de produits naturels et de composés biologiquement actifs. Une autre propriété importante du tryptophane et de ses analogues concerne la fluorescence du noyau d`indole qui peut être utilisée par exemple pour l`étude de changements conformationnels d'une protéine et aussi l'étude des interactions protéine-membrane.Dans ce contexte, cette thèse est consacrée à la mise au point d'une nouvelle stratégie de synthèse asymétrique permettant d'accéder efficacement à d`analogues énantiopurs du tryptophane : les beta 2-tryptophanes (2-indolyl-beta-alanines) ainsi qu'à la synthèse et l'étude de nouveaux analogues de peptides à activité opioïdes contenant ces analogues. Nous avons développé une nouvelle stratégie de synthèse asymétrique permettant d'accéder efficacement à des analogues de beta 2-tryptophane (2-indolyl-beta-alanines) énantiopurs. - Nous avons effectué la synthèse d`un auxiliaire chiral le (R)-4-(3-hydroxy-4,4-diméthyl-2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl) benzoate de benzyle ainsi que celle du dérivé nitroacrylate correspondant : le (R)-4-(3-(3-nitroacryloyloxy)-4,4-diméthyl-2-oxo pyrrolidin-1-yl) benzoate de benzyle ((R)-10). Les composés racémiques ont également été synthétisés pour préparer les témoins racémique des molécules cibles.- Nous avons mis au point des conditions optimisées de la réaction d`alkylation de Friedel-Crafts entre ce nitroacrylate chiral et divers indoles.- Nous avons également étudié pour chaque produit ainsi obtenu les meilleures conditions de transformation conduisant à la synthèse des analogues des N-Fmoc-beta 2-tryptophanes racémiques et optiquement purs.- Nous avons contrôlé l'absence d'épimérisation pouvant se produire pendant les réactions de transformation des produits optiquement purs et déterminé sans ambiguïté la configuration absolue des 2-indolyl-beta-alanines isolées.- Nous avons synthétisé sur support solide par stratégie-(Fmoc) 4 nouveaux peptides potentiellement biologiquement actifs et 2 peptides de référence - analogues raccourcis de la nociceptineTryptophan, an essential amino acid, both functions as a building block in protein biosynthesis and as a biochemical precursor. It is abundantly found in most biologically active peptides that exhibit various physiological properties in particular hormonal and antimicrobial activities. Some of its natural derivatives like serotonin, tryptamine, and also unnatural derivatives such as sumatriptan, have neurophysiologic effects. Tryptophan analogues are also important building blocks for the synthesis of peptidomimetics, natural products and biologically active compounds. Another important property of tryptophan and tryptophan analogues is related to the fluorescence of the indole ring that can be used to study conformational changes in protein and in protein-membrane interactions. The asymmetric Friedel-Crafts alkylation of various indoles with a chiral nitroacrylate provides optically active beta-tryptophan analogues after reduction of the nitro group and removal of the chiral auxiliary. This reaction generally occurs in good yield and high diastereoselectivity (up to 90:10). We have established a new route to prepare enantiopure beta-tryptophan analogues ((S)-2-indolyl-beta-alanines). We showed that beta-nitroacrylate (R)-2 is a good chiral auxiliary for asymmetric Friedel-Crafts alkylation of indoles. (R)-2-indolyl--alanines were obtained by the same synthetic route by using the chiral compound (S)-2. beta-tryptophan analogues are delivered in their N-Fmoc-protected form, ready to use for instance in solid phase peptide synthesis, which is one of the most popular method for peptide synthesis. This study provides a new example of asymmetric beta-tryptophan analogues preparation and further studies concerning their applications in medicinal chemistry and in organic synthesis are now in progress
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LORINCZ, ERIKA. "Exploration visuo-motrice de l'espace chez le chat : asymetrie fonctionnelle et parallelisme du systeme moteur." Paris 6, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA066380.
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L'execution d'un geste de pointage en direction d'une cible mobile a ete utilisee pour etudier chez le chat, les effets de lesions cerebrales et les capacites de recuperation du systeme moteur et visuo-moteur. Une etude sur l'asymetrie fonctionnelle a parallelement ete menee sur l'animal intact. Cette derniere a montre un biais de population gauche plus intense lorsque la pratique de la tache n'est pas encore maitrisee. De plus, la patte preferee est toujours la plus rapide et le plus souvent la plus precise. Ces resultats pourraient refleter une double specialisation de l'hemisphere droit, dans le traitement des informations spatiales et dans celui des taches nouvelles cognitivement complexes. L'analyse des perturbations induites par l'interruption bilaterale simultanee des voies cerebello-thalamo-corticale et cerebello-rubro-spinale a montre que si le declenchement du geste reste retarde de facon permanente, sa precision n'est que transitoirement affectee. D'autres circuits ont donc pris en charge la realisation du pointage. L'une des hypothese implique le cortex parietal dans cette recuperation. La destruction additionnelle de cette structure induit un deficit permanent de la precision du pointage et augmente encore la latence de declenchement du geste. Cependant, les importantes capacites residuelles de ces animaux apres trois lesions cerebrales (thalamus moteur, noyau rouge, et cortex parietal), mettent en evidence l'importance du parallelisme au sein du systeme moteur. Une derniere etude s'est interessee au role du cortex parietal dans la realisation d'associations cognitives entre objets spatialement separes ou non. La destruction bilaterale de cette structure induit une totale incapacite a realiser des associations incompatibles (objets spatialement separes), sans affecter celles des associations compatibles (objets spatialement associes). Ces donnees suggerent une intervention preponderante du cortex parietal dans ce type de tache
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Pasquinelli, Matteo. "The asymetrical condition : new forms of value accumulation and conflict between knowledge economy and network society." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.542025.
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Durand, J. D. "Mesures du melange effectif et des asymetries des quarks b et c dans les desintegrations semileptoniques en electrons et en muons." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/in2p3-00002742.
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LUCOTTE, Arnaud. "Contraintes du Modele standard par les mesures de sections efficaces et asymetries Z-->ffbar avec le detecteur ALEPH au LEP." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00002529.
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Mon travail concerne le test du modele standard par la determination précise des paramètres décrivant la resonance du Z: $M_Z$, $\Gamma_Z$, $\sigma_{had}^0$ et $R_{had}$, à partir des sections efficaces fermioniques mesurées par l'expérience Aleph sur les données accumulées de 1989 à 1994. La premiere partie rappelle la définition des observables utilisees dans la description des désintégrations $e^+e^-$. La deuxieme presente le collisionneur LEP et les méthodes employees pour la determination de l'energie des faisceaux, parametre constituant la source principale d'incertitude dans la connaissance de $M_Z$ et $\Gamma_Z$. La troisieme partie presente le cadre de l'experience Aleph et la mesure de luminosité qui y est effectuee. Puis sont décrits la sélection des désintégrations hadroniques du $Z$ et le travail effectue sur l'amélioration des incertitudes systématiques. Ce dernier conduit à une mesure de la section efficace au niveau de 1 pour mille. Les sections efficaces leptoniques mesurées à Aleph y sont également reportées. Les paramètres de la résonance du $Z$ sont alors dérivés. Un accord remarquable de ces résultats avec les valeurs prédites par le modèle standard des interactions électrofaibles est obtenu. L'interprétation de ces mesures dans le cadre de ce modèle permet alors la détermination du nombre de familles de neutrinos légers et l'établissement de contraintes sur la masse du quark top manquant, en bon accord avec les mesures directes de Fermilab.
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Alhalel, Thierry. "Surveillance en ligne des processus de cplear et etude de la determination de epsilon'/epsilon par la methode des asymetries integrales." Paris 6, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA066007.
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L'experience cplear est construite pour la mesure des observables de la violation de cp a partir des asymetries de desintegration des kaons neutres. Etant donne la statistique necessaire et la faiblesse des rapports de branchement des reactions entrant en jeu, un systeme de declenchement particulierement selectif et rapide a ete elabore. Sa complexite meme a necessite la mise en place d'outils specifiques de surveillance en ligne. Par ailleurs, les donnees trigger prises en 1992 ont ete utilisees pour une premiere etude de la determination de epsilon'/epsilon par la methode des asymetries integrales. Ces deux derniers points font l'objet de la these presentee ici
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Bědajánek, Ondřej. "Infrastruktura veřejných klíčů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-217719.
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The subject of my thesis dscribes function and principles of the public key infrastructure as well as certificate authority. Under the operation system Linux was created self signed certificate authority. Web interface was devoloped in PHP for the purpose of the generation, distribution and rejection certificates. Configuration files for OpenVPN are included in the thesis and wireless security is achived by OpenVPN.
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Captier, Guillaume. "De la base du crâne dans les plagiocéphalies : étude en imagerie tridimensionnelle des malformations et déformations." Montpellier 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON11027.
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RAFFRAY, LE MEN TANNEGUY. "Consequences des paralysies congenitales unilaterales du grand oblique sur la symetrie faciale : etudes cliniques et cephalometriques a propos de 16 cas." Nantes, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NANT083M.
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Raimondi, Célia. "Formation et devenir de l'empreinte parentale chez la levure S. pombe." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066187/document.
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Des études moléculaires et génétiques ont montré qu'une empreinte épigénétique, située au niveau du locus sexuel (mat1) de la levure Schizosaccharomyces pombe, initie le changement de type sexuel. La réplication unidirectionnelle du locus mat1 permet la formation de l'empreinte sur le brin Watson. Les éléments moléculaires qui forment et protègent l'empreinte durant le cycle cellulaire restent peu connus. Afin de mieux comprendre le mécanisme de formation et de maintien de l'empreinte, j'ai caractérisé le recrutement au niveau du locus mat1 d'acteurs précoces dans le changement de type sexuel. J'ai montré que la protéine Sap1 (switch activating protein 1) est préférentiellement recrutée à l'intérieur de la séquence SS13, une séquence qui stabilise l'empreinte. Les protéines Lsd1/2 (lysine specific demethylases) qui contrôlent la pause de la fourche de réplication à mat1 et la formation de l'empreinte sont spécialement recrutées au niveau de mat1 indépendamment de l'allèle présent. La protéine Abp1 (homologue de CENP-B) est enrichie à côté de mat1 mais n'est pas impliquée dans la formation/maintien de l'empreinte. De plus, j'ai établi la signature de l'empreinte par séquençage à haut débit. En utilisant cette signature, j'ai mis en évidence que les protéines Lsd1/2 et Sap1 immunoprécipitent les deux côtés de la chromatide qui porte l'empreinte ce qui suggère la formation d'une structure protective définie comme l'imprintosomeGenetic and molecular studies have indicated that an epigenetic imprint at mat1, the sexual locus of fission yeast, initiates mating type switching. The polar DNA replication of mat1 generates an imprint on the Watson strand. The process by which the imprint is formed and maintained through the cell cycle remains unclear. To understand better the mechanism of imprint formation and stability, we characterized the recruitment of early players of mating type switch at the mat1 region. We found that the switching activating protein 1 (Sap1) is preferentially recruited inside the mat1M allele on a sequence (SS13) that enhances the imprint. The lysine specific demethylases, Lsd1/2, that control the replication fork pause at MPS1 and the formation of the imprint are specifically drafted inside of mat1, regardless of the allele. The CENP-B homolog, Abp1, is highly enriched next to mat1 but it is not required in the process. Additionally, we established the computational signature of the imprint. Using this signature, we show that both sides of the imprinted molecule are bound by Lsd1/2 and Sap1, suggesting a nucleoprotein protective structure defined as imprintosome
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Šušlík, Michal. "Vstup ČR do EMU - připravenost, rizika." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-77213.
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Cílem práce je zhodnotit schopnost České republiky nést dlouhodobé náklady související s členstvím v měnové unii. Riziko ztráty vlastní monetární politiky je analyzováno z hlediska kritérií teorie optimálních měnových oblastí. Práce se zabývá také otázkou vývoje inflace po uzavření kurzového konvergenčního kanálu. To vše je doplněno stručným shrnutím vývoje měnové integrace v západní Evropě a přímých i nepřímých přínosů přijetí jednotné měny.
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Khachatryan, Knar. "Managing microfinance institutions : linking performance with service and capital portfolios." Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00911726.
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It has been commonly acknowledged that in order to reach the target clienteles with loans at attractive terms and conditions, an appropriate technology for delivering financial services must be developed. Next to this, current developments in microfinance industry encourage MFIs to offer wide-ranging services within a multiservice portfolio including microsavings, microinsurance, remittances, mobile banking etc. One of the main pillars of this trend has become MFIs increasing interest in the expansion into the savings market to reach more poor clients as well as to lower costs by attracting presumably cheaper deposits. Joint services are tailored to better meet needs of the poor and aim at building sustainable financial systems and establishing closer and long-term relationship with clients. Furthermore, the rapid evolution of microfinance has generated another essential and closely related trend: commercialization. The focus of this dissertation is on three emerging issues associated with the development of microfinance sector: incentive mechanisms to address contract enforcement and screening problems, performance of MFIs though the lenses of combined microfinance services (credit plus savings), and performance of MFIs though the lenses of capital structure. The essays in the dissertation vary in research methodology: one essay is theoretical and two are empirical. Moreover, the data come from diverse microfinance units: Microfinance Information Exchange (MIX) online database and Microfinance Centre for Central & Eastern Europe and the New Independent States (MFC). As far as methods are concerned the empirical essays use less frequently applied methodologies in microfinance studies: seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) and propensity score matching (PSM).
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Merle, Elsa. "Mesures des sections efficaces et des asymetries di-fermioniques de 130 a 189 gev avec le detecteur aleph a lep2 - interpretations au-dela du modele standard." Chambéry, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999CHAMS010.
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La seconde phase de lep s'est deroulee a des energies dans le centre de masse de 130 a 189 gev, permettant de tester precisement le modele standard sur une large echelle en energie, au-dela du pic du boson z. Dans ce cadre, le travail effectue dans cette these concerne l'etude des processus e +e f$$f, a partir des donnees enregistrees par le detecteur aleph de 1995 a 1998, avec une luminosite intergee de 500 pb 1. Les selections des productions de paires de muon, de tau et d'electron, ainsi que des evenements hadroniques, sont developpees dans ce memoire. Les incertitudes systematique sont etudiees en detail et sont a present du meme ordre de grandeur que les erreurs statistiques, soit entre 0. 6% pour les di-electrons et 3. 5% pour les dimuons. Les mesures des sections efficaces di-fermioniques et des asymetries di-leptoniques derivees de ces selections sont en bon accord avec les predictions du modele standard ; cependant les predictions restent la source principale d'incertitudes, en particulier en ce qui concerne les contributions des ordres superieurs. Ces sections efficaces et asymetries sont sensibles a l'interference avec de possibles nouveaux canaux, par exemple a l'existence de nouvelle physique intervenant a des energies superieures a celles etudiees. Aucune deviation significative n'etant vue entre les mesures di-fermioniques et les predictions, des limites indirectes sur ces phenomenes sont obtenues. Dans le cadre des termes de contact a quatre fermions, des limites inferieures de 7 a 15 tev ont ete mises sur les echelles en energie de nouvelle physique. En considerant l'echange de nouvelles particules, les masses des leptoquarks ont ete contraintes jusqu'a 710 gev/c 2 pour les leptoquarks et 590 gev/c 2 pour les leptoquarks vecteurs ; et des limites ont ete placees sur les masses de sneutrinos avec violation de la r-parite, de quelques centaines de gev/c 2 pour de grandes valeurs de leur couplage de yukawa.
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JARDILLIER, JOHANN. "Mesure des facteurs de forme etranges du nucleon par asymetrie de violation de parite dans la diffusion elastique electron polarise-proton." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999CLF22146.
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Le modele des quarks decrit le proton comme un systeme de trois quarks uud. Or des experiences recentes (cern, slac) ont montre que les quarks etranges peuvent contribuer significativement a la masse et au spin du proton. L'experience happex apporte une information nouvelle au sujet en question du role des quarks etranges dans la structure du proton. Elle mesure l'asymetrie de violation de parite relative a la diffusion elastique electron polarise-proton car celle-ci est sensible a la contribution des quarks etranges aux facteurs de forme electromagnetiques du nucleon. L'asymetrie observee est de l'ordre de quelques ppm (partie par million). La difficulte principale de l'experience est d'identifier, d'evaluer et de minimiser, autant que possible, tous les effets systematiques susceptibles d'introduire de fausses asymetries. Cette these discute le principe de l'experience happex, sa realisation au laboratoire jefferson (jlab), le traitement et l'analyse des donnees, les erreurs systematiques, enfin presente le resultat de la premiere prise de donnees (1999) et son interpretation actuelle.
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Olmedo, Alexandra. "Politiques de stabilisation, fluctuations conjoncturelles, et non-linéarités." Cergy-Pontoise, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006CERG0311.
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Cette thèse constitue une recherche empirique sur les asymétries de cycle dans la conduite et la transmission de la politique monétaire. Par asymétrie de cycle nous faisons référence aux différences entre les phases d'expansion et de récession du cycle des affaires. Au chapitre 1 nous présentons une revue de la littérature sur la règle de Taylor et donnons réponse à la question de savoir si cette règle doit être utilisée comme un instrument normatif ou positif. Le chapitre 2 estime cette règle à l'aide d'un modèle à changement de régime markovien pour cinq économies de l'OCDE. Le chapitre 3 propose une revue de la littérature théorique et empirique sur les effets asymétriques (signe, taille et cycle) de la politique monétaire sur l'activité économique. Le chapitre 4 introduit les modèles vectoriels autorégressifs à changement de régime markovien (VAR-MS), la définition de fonction de réponse aux chocs non-linéaires que nous proposons ainsi que les résultats des simulations de Monte-Carlo qui montrent la supériorité de notre définition par rapport aux deux autres existantes dans la littérature. Le chapitre 5 étudie les asymétries de cycle via le canal traditionnel du taux d'intérêt à l'aide d'un modèle VAR-MS estimé pour l'économie américaine. Le chapitre 6 analyse les asymétries de cycle via le canal du crédit à l'aide d'un modèle VAR-MS estimé pour l'économie de la zone Euro. Les résultats de ces deux derniers chapitres sont en accord avec les enseignements de la littérature théoriqueThis thesis is an empirical research on business cycle asymmetries in the conduct and transmission of monetary policy. By business cycle asymmetries, we refer to differences between the expansion and recession phases of the business cycle. Chapter 1 is a survey of the literature existing on the Taylor rule, and provides an answer to the question whether the Taylor rule should be used as a normative or positive tool. Chapter 2 estimates this rule using a markov-switching model pour five OECD economies. Chapter 3 proposes a survey of theoretical and empirical literature regarding the asymmetrical effects (sign, size and cycle) of monetary policy on the economic activity. Chapter 4 introduces models using markov-switching autoregressive vectors (VAR-MS), our definition of the impulse-response function to non-linear shocks, as well as results of Monte-Carlo simulations, evidencing the superiority of our definition compared to the other two existing in the literature. Chapter 5 studies the business cycle asymmetries through the traditional interest rate channel using a VAR-MS estimated for the U. S. Economy. Chapter 6 analyses the business cycle asymmetries through the credit channel using a VAR-MS model estimated for the Euro-zone economy. Results from the last two chapters are in line with the findings of theoretical literature
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Breistein, Palle. "Development of highly enantioselective organocatalyzed transformations." Doctoral thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, teknik och matematik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-15621.
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Barbarini, Fernando de Lucca. "Membranas de peneira molecular de carbono obtidas pela pirólise de poli(imidas) ramificadas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/75/75131/tde-26072010-093355/.
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Nesse trabalho obtiveram-se membranas de poli(imida) ramifricada com tamanho de poro ajustável usando melamina como agente de ramificação e indutor da formação de poros. Estas poli(imidas) foram sulfonadas usando-se ácido sulfúrico concentrado eficazmente. Finalmente, obtivemos membranas de carbono molecular por pirólise sob atmosfera inerte das poli(imidas) ramificadas. Estas membranas apresentam canais micrométricos paralelos à superfície e uma estrutura assimétrica constituída de uma camada densa filtrante e uma camada com canais micrométricos paralelos à superfície altamente ordenados. A membrana apresentou boa estabilidade química frente ao ataque por radicais hidroxila gerados via reação de Fenton.In this work was obtained branched poly(imides) with tuned pore size using melamine as branching and pore induction agent. The poly(imides) with were efficiently sulfonated with concentrated sulfuric acid. Finally, the molecular sieve carbon membranes were obtained by pyrolysis under inert atmosphere of the branched poly(imides). These membranes have an asymmetric structure with a dense filtering layer and a porous layer with highly ordered channels standing parallel to the surface. These membranes display good chemical stability toward hydroxyl radical attack produced by Fenton reaction.