Books: 'Asymmetric dependence'

1

Alcock, Jamie, and Stephen Satchell, eds. Asymmetric Dependence in Finance. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119288992.

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2

Germany and the Visegrad countries between dependence and asymmetric partnership? Hamburg: Institut für Internationale Politik an der Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg, 2002.

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3

Pryce, Gwilym B. J. Dependence of equilibrium credit rationing on the nature of loan insurance: The spillover effects of asymmetric information. Glasgow: University of Glasgow, Centre for Housing Research and Urban Studies, 1996.

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4

Iggesen, Oliver A. Case-asymmetry: A world-wide typological study on lexeme-class-dependent deviations in morphological case inventories. München: Lincom Europa, 2005.

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5

Barnes, Elizabeth. Symmetric Dependence. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198755630.003.0003.

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Metaphysical orthodoxy maintains that the relation of ontological dependence is irreflexive, asymmetric, and transitive. The goal of this paper is to challenge that orthodoxy by arguing that ontological dependence should be understood as non-symmetric, rather than asymmetric. A series of cases across a wide range of ontological commitments are presented, and it is argued that each case should be understood as one in which the relation of dependence holds symmetrically. If these arguments work, however, they provide reasons to be skeptical of the way in which contemporary discussions typically lump dependence together with relations such as grounding and in virtue of, which arguably need to be understood as asymmetric. If the asymmetry of dependence is relinquished, interesting things follow for what can be said about metaphysical explanation—particularly for the prospects of explanatory holism.

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6

Satchell, Stephen, and Jamie Alcock. Asymmetric Dependence in Finance: Diversification, Correlation and Portfolio Management in Market Downturns. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2018.

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7

Limits to Power: Asymmetric Dependence and Japanese Foreign Aid Policy (Studies of Modern Japan). Lexington Books, 2003.

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8

Kutach, Douglas. The Asymmetry of Influence. Edited by Craig Callender. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199298204.003.0009.

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This chapter considers the nature of the causal asymmetry, or even more generally, the asymmetry of influence. Putting aside explanations which would appeal to an asymmetry in time as explaining this asymmetry, it aims to show, using current physical theory and no ad hoc time asymmetric assumptions, why it is that future-directed influence sometimes advances one's goals but backward-directed influence does not. The chapter claims that agency is crucial to the explanation of the influence asymmetry. It provides an exhaustive account of the advancement asymmetry that is connected with fundamental physics, influence, causation, counterfactual dependence, and related notions in palatable ways.

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9

Berndt, C. Divisions of labour: Power asymmetries and place dependence. Cambridge University, 1997.

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10

Ocampo, José Antonio. The Provision of Global Liquidity. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198718116.003.0002.

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This chapter starts by analysing three major problems of the current international monetary system: the asymmetric-adjustment problem, dependence on the monetary policy of the main reserve-issuing country, and the large demand for self-insurance by developing countries. It then explores two basic alternatives to reform the system: one route would involve a fully-fledged multi-currency reserve system; the alternative route would be to design an architecture based on the IMF’s Special Drawing Rights (SDRs), the world’s only truly global reserve asset. These two alternative routes could be mixed in a number of ways, and in fact their complementary use may be the only possible way forward. Under such a mixed system, SDRs would become a major global reserve asset and the source of financing for IMF lending, but national/regional currencies would continue to be used as international means of payment and stores of value.

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11

Schellenberg, Susanna. Perceptual Evidence. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198827702.003.0008.

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Chapter 7 introduces a distinction between two kinds of evidence: phenomenal evidence (evidence that corresponds to how our environment sensorily seems to us) and factive evidence (evidence that is determined by the environment to which we are perceptually related). Regardless of whether we are perceiving, hallucinating, or suffering an illusion, we have phenomenal evidence. However, when we perceive, we have additional factive evidence. The rational source of both phenomenal and factive evidence lies in employing perceptual capacities: perceptual states have epistemic force due to the epistemic and metaphysical primacy of employing perceptual capacities in perception over employing them in hallucination or illusion. So epistemic force stems from an asymmetric dependence of the employment of perceptual capacities in hallucination and illusion on their employment in perception. Insofar as both kinds of evidence stem from properties of the perceptual capacities employed, capacitism provides a unified account of phenomenal and factive evidence.

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12

Morawetz, Klaus. Field-Dependent Transport. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198797241.003.0020.

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Using a gauge-invariant formulation of Green’s function, the electric-field dependent kinetic equations are derived in Born and RPA (dynamically screened) approximation. The feedback and Debye–Onsager relaxation effects are discussed and explicitly calculated for two- and three-dimensional systems. It is found that only the asymmetrically screened result in accordance with the asymmetric cummulant expansion of chapter 11 can describe the correct relaxation effect. The conductivity with electron-electron interaction is presented and the adiabatic as well as isothermal approximations introduced. All expressions are calculated for an example of a quasi two-dimensional electron gas.

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13

Marmodoro, Anna. Aristotelian Powers at Work. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198796572.003.0005.

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This paper puts powers to work by developing a broadly Aristotelian account of causation, built on the fundamental idea (which Aristotle found in Plato, attributed by him to Heraclitus) that causation is a mutual interaction between powers. On this Aristotelian view, causal powers manifest them-selves in dependence on the manifestation of their mutual partners. (See also Heil, this volume; Mumford, this volume; and Martin 2008.) The manifestations of two causal power partners are co-determined, co-varying, and co-extensive in time. (See Marmodoro 2006.) Yet, causation has a direction and is thus asymmetric. This asymmetry is what underpins metaphysically the distinction between causal agent and patient. The proposed Aristotelian analysis of the interaction between mutually manifesting causal powers is distinctive, in that it pays justice to the intuition that there is agency in causation. That is, agency is not a metaphorical way of describing what causal powers do. For some powers, it is a way of being that instantiates the non-anthropomorphic sense in which powers are causal agents. This point is brought out in the paper in relation to the explanation of the concept of change. In an Aristotelian fashion, the paper argues that the distinction be-tween agent and patient in causation is pivotal to offering a realist account of causation that does not reify the interaction of the reciprocal causal partners into a relation. On the proposed view, the interaction between mutually manifesting causal partners consists in the power of one substance being realized in another substance. Specifically, the agent’s causal powers metaphysically belong to the agent, but come to be realized in the patient. The significance of this is that the interaction of the agent’s and the patient’s powers is not a relation; rather, it is an ex-tension of the constitution of the agent onto the patient, which occurs when agent and patient interact and their powers are mutually manifested. Thus the proposed Aristotelian account of causation explains the mutual interaction between manifestation partners—potentiality, agency, and change—as irreducible to one another, but interconnected.

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14

van der Hulst, Harry. Asymmetries in Vowel Harmony. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198813576.001.0001.

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This book deals with the phenomenon of vowel harmony, a phonological process whereby all the vowels in a word are required to share a specific phonological property, such as front or back articulation. Vowel harmony occurs in the majority of languages of the world, though only in very few European languages, and has been a central concern in phonological theory for many years. In this volume, Harry van der Hulst puts forward a new theory of vowel harmony, which accounts for the patterns of and exceptions to this phenomenon in the widest range of languages ever considered. The book begins with an overview of the general causes of asymmetries in vowel harmony systems. The two following chapters provide a detailed account of a new theory of vowel harmony based on unary elements and licensing, which is embedded in a general dependency-based theory of phonological structure. In the remaining chapters, this theory is applied to a variety of vowel harmony phenomena from typologically diverse languages, including palatal harmony in languages such as Finnish and Hungarian, labial harmony in Turkic languages, and tongue root systems in Niger-Congo, Nilo-Saharan, and Tungusic languages.

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15

Del Sarto, Raffaella A. Borderlands. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198833550.001.0001.

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The book proposes a profound rethink of the complex relationship between Europe—defined here as the European Union and its members—and the states of the Mediterranean Middle East and North Africa (MENA), Europe’s ‘southern neighbours’. These relations are examined through a borderlands prism that conceives of this interaction as one between an empire of sorts that seeks to export its order beyond the border, and the empire’s southern borderlands. Focusing on trade relations on the one hand, and the cooperation on migration, borders, and security on the other, the book revisits the historical origins and modalities of Europe’s selective rule transfer to MENA states, the interests underwriting these policies, and the complex dynamics marking the interaction between the two sides over a twenty-year period (1995–2015). It shows that within a system of structurally asymmetric economic relations from which Europe and MENA elites benefit the most, single MENA governments have been co-opted into the management of border and migration control where they act as Europe’s gatekeepers. Combined with specific policy choices of MENA governments, Europe’s selective expansion of its rules, practices, and disaggregated borders have contributed to rising socio-economic inequalities and the strengthening of authoritarian rule in the ‘southern neighbourhood’, with Europe tacitly tolerating serious violations of the rights of refugees and migrants at its fringes. Challenging the self-proclaimed benevolent nature of European policies and the notion of ‘Fortress Europe’ alike, the findings of this study contribute to broader debates on power, dependence, and interdependence in the discipline of international relations.

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16

Bebbington, Anthony, Abdul-Gafaru Abdulai, Denise Humphreys Bebbington, Marja Hinfelaar, Cynthia A. Sanborn, Jessica Achberger, Celina Grisi Huber, Verónica Hurtado, Tania Ramírez, and Scott D. Odell. Conclusions. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198820932.003.0006.

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This chapter synthesizes findings from Bolivia, Ghana, Peru, and Zambia. It concludes that political settlements influence the relationships between resource-dependent economies and patterns of social inclusion. However, neither authoritarian, dominant leader forms of politics, nor competitive democratic politics has fostered significant economic diversification or reduced levels of resource dependence. The extractive economy does, however, influence the dynamics of national political settlements. The rents that resource extraction makes possible, and the high cost of engaging in extractive industries, induce asymmetries and create incentives for political exclusion. Colonial and post-colonial histories of resource extraction give political valence to ideas that have helped mobilize actors who have challenged relations of power and institutional arrangements. The materiality of subsoil resources has direct implications for subnational forms of holding power that can influence resource access and control. Mineral and hydrocarbon economies bring both transnational and local political actors into the constitution of national political settlements.

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17

Corrales, Javier. Content. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190868895.003.0004.

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This chapter provides the broadest evidence on behalf of my power asymmetry argument. It begins by discussing my index of presidential powers (the dependent variable), which draws heavily from Shugart and Carey and other scholars. It then creates a measure of power asymmetry (the main independent variable): the difference between the share of seats held by Incumbent versus Opposition forces at the constituent assembly. I call this “table asymmetry.” Finally, it compares all the new constitutions to those replaced. Evidence is provided that variations in outcome are strongly correlated with variations in power asymmetry. The chapter also shows how changes in constitutions contributed to changes in regime conditions (liberal democracy declined in cases where constitutions granted presidents more power).

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18

Wigglesworth, John. Grounding in Mathematical Structuralism. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198755630.003.0012.

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The grounding relation is thought to have certain structural properties: irreflexivity, asymmetry, transitivity, and well-foundedness. This paper examines a putative case of grounding that serves as a counterexample to almost all of these properties. The example comes from non-eliminative mathematical structuralism, some versions of which argue that mathematical objects depend in some sense on the structure to which they belong, and on the other objects in that structure. Such claims generate prima facie cases of symmetric, reflexive, and non-well-founded dependence. The paper argues that this dependence constitutes a grounding relation in the structuralist case. It then argues that these dependence claims can be given a modal interpretation, and that under this interpretation the dependence claims, and therefore the associated grounding claims, are true. It follows that these cases from mathematical structuralism constitute genuine counterexamples to many of the structural properties traditionally thought to hold of the grounding relation.

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19

Wunderlich, J., K. Olejník, L. P. Zârbo, V. P. Amin, J. Sinova, and T. Jungwirth. Spin-injection Hall effect. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198787075.003.0016.

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This chapter discusses the Spin-injection Hall effect (SiHE), another member of the spin-dependent Hall effects that is closely related to the anomalous Hall effect (AHE), the spin Hall effect (SHE), and the inverse spin Hall effect (iSHE). The microscopic origins responsible for the appearance of spin-dependent Hall effects are due to the spin-orbit (SO) coupling-related asymmetrical deflections of spin carriers. Depending on the relative strength of the SO coupling compared to the energy-level broadening of the quasi-particle states due to disorder scattering, scattering-related extrinsic mechanisms or intrinsic band structure-related deflection dominate the spin-dependent Hall response. Both the iSHE and the SiHE require spin injection into a nonmagnetic system. Similar to the AHE, a spin-polarized charge current flows in the case of the SiHE and the SO coupling generates the spin-dependent Hall signal.

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20

Tietje, Christian, and Kevin Crow. The Reform of Investment Protection Rules in CETA, TTIP, and Other Recent EU FTAs: Convincing? Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198808893.003.0004.

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This chapter explores the systemic problems that plague provision-dependent investment protection reforms in CETA, TTIP, and other recent EU FTAs. The authors suggest that the current international investment system’s asymmetrical structure precludes effective reforms because reforms that ‘level the playing field’ between state and investor run counter to the logic of a system designed with the purpose of protecting investors and investments, not states. The authors suggest that a new symmetrical international investment dispute settlement structure may provide a more convincing answer to calls for reform. After beginning with a background on the necessity of and problems with ‘vagueness’ in law (both generally and in the international investment system), the chapter analyses the most prominent reforms and reform proposals in the current international investment landscape. The chapter elucidates several of the structural problems that plague these current reform proposals and demonstrates that a symmetrical approach could alleviate these problems.

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21

Onaivi, Emmanuel Shan. Development of behavioural models for the assessment of drug action on cerebral 5-hydroxytryptamine function: Measurements of the influence of 5-hydroxytryptamine agonists and antagonists in mouse models of motor inhibition, aggression, asymmetric movements, anziety and drug dependency and withdrawal. Bradford, 1987.

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Books on the topic 'Asymmetric dependence'

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