Log in

Relevant bibliographies by topics / Asymmetric risk / Journal articles

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Asymmetric risk.

Journal articles on the topic 'Asymmetric risk'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Asymmetric risk.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

Nussbaum, Maury A., Don B. Chaffin, and George B. Page. "A Biomechanical Investigation of the Asymmetric Multiplier in the Revised NIOSH Lifting Equation." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 39, no. 10 (October 1995): 709–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129503901036.

Full text

Abstract:

There is growing evidence, from epidemiological and biomechanical sources, that lifting performed in asymmetric postures is a risk factor for the development of a musculoskeletal injury. In the recent update of the NIOSH Lifting Guide, a linear Asymmetric Multiplier was added to account for this type of risk. The present study addresses the form of this Multiplier through analysis of several asymmetric lifting tasks. Both spinal loading and a derived metric of muscle injury risk were calculated as a function of asymmetry angle. The results suggest that there is a non-linear increase in injury risk with respect to asymmetry. Only moderate increases in risk were predicted for asymmetry of 0°–30°, and sharply increasing risk as asymmetry reaches 90°, implying that ergonomic intervention should be concentrated on tasks with the highest asymmetries.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

McGrath, Ryan, Terri L. Blackwell, Kristine E. Ensrud, Brenda M. Vincent, and Peggy M. Cawthon. "The Associations of Handgrip Strength and Leg Extension Power Asymmetry on Incident Recurrent Falls and Fractures in Older Men." Journals of Gerontology: Series A 76, no. 9 (May 12, 2021): e221-e227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glab133.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Background Evaluating asymmetries in muscle function could provide important insights for fall risk assessments. We sought to determine the associations of (i) handgrip strength (HGS) asymmetry and (ii) leg extension power (LEP) asymmetry on risk of incident recurrent falls and fractures in older men. Method There were 5 730 men with HGS asymmetry data and 5 347 men with LEP asymmetry data from the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) study. A handgrip dynamometer measured HGS and a Nottingham Power Rig ascertained LEP. Percent difference in maximal HGS between hands was calculated, and asymmetric HGS was defined as men in the highest quartile of dissimilarity for HGS between hands. The same approach was used to determine asymmetric LEP. Participants self-reported falls every 4 months after the baseline exam, and persons with ≥2 falls in the first year were considered recurrent fallers. Fractures and their dates of occurrence were self-reported and confirmed with radiographic reports. Results Older men in the highest HGS asymmetry quartile had a 1.20 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01–1.43) relative risk for incident recurrent falls. Likewise, men in the highest HGS asymmetry quartile had a higher risk for incident fractures: 1.41 (CI: 1.02–1.96) for hip, 1.28 (CI: 1.04–1.58) for major osteoporotic, and 1.24 (CI: 1.06–1.45) for nonspine. There were no significant associations between LEP asymmetry and recurrent falls or fractures. Conclusions Asymmetric HGS could be a novel risk factor for falls and fractures that is more feasible to measure than LEP. Fall risk assessments should consider evaluating muscle function, including HGS asymmetry.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Hughes, John S., Jing Liu, and Jun Liu. "Information Asymmetry, Diversification, and Cost of Capital." Accounting Review 82, no. 3 (May 1, 2007): 705–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/accr.2007.82.3.705.

Full text

Abstract:

Recently, there has been considerable interest among accounting researchers in the relation between asymmetric information and cost of capital. A number of empirical studies document associations between risk premiums and proxies for asymmetric information such as earnings quality. However, the theoretical foundation for these studies has yet to be fully established. In this study, we consider the effects of private signals that are informative of both systematic factors and idiosyncratic shocks affecting asset payoffs in a competitive, noisy, rational expectations setting. Taking a large economy limit, we show that (1) risk premiums equal products of betas and factor risk premiums, irrespective of information asymmetries; (2) holding total information constant, greater information asymmetry leads to higher factor risk premiums and, thus, higher costs of capital; and (3) controlling for betas, there is no cross-sectional effect of information asymmetries on cost of capital. These results provide guidance in interpreting the findings of existing empirical work and suggest specifications helpful for future research.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Lily, Jaratin, Mori Kogid, Dullah Mulok, and Rozilee Asid. "Asymmetric effect of real exchange rate risk on foreign direct investment: Empirical evidence in ASEAN-4." Journal of Research in Emerging Markets 2, no. 3 (June 14, 2020): 91–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.30585/jrems.v2i3.512.

Full text

Abstract:

This study investigates the asymmetric effect of exchange rate risk (volatility) on the real foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand (ASEAN-4) using the Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) model. The results revealed the occurrence of a long-run asymmetric cointegration between real FDI inflows and real exchange rate risk in the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand, but not in Malaysia. For the Philippines and Singapore, there is evidence of long-run asymmetry whereas short-run asymmetry exists for the case of Thailand. These findings imply that the asymmetric effects prove to be useful in providing essential information to the related parties on how FDI inflows react to exchange rate risks differently. Therefore, policymakers in ASEAN countries should be concerned about the asymmetric effect of the exchange rate volatility to mitigate the stylized effects of exchange rate movements on FDI inflows.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Lin, Bingxuan, and Chen-Miao Lin. "Asymmetric Information and Corporate Risk Management by Using Foreign Currency Derivatives." Review of Pacific Basin Financial Markets and Policies 15, no. 01 (March 2012): 1250004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219091511500068.

Full text

Abstract:

We examine how information asymmetry affects a firm's incentive to hedge versus speculate by using foreign currency derivatives. We find a quadratic relation between asymmetric information and a firm's risk management activities. In particular, we find that the firms facing medium level of information asymmetry are more likely to hedge, while firms with very high and low levels of asymmetric information tend to speculate. Moreover, we find that our results hold primary for firms operating in highly competitive industries.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Kräkel, Matthias. "Risk Taking in Asymmetric Tournaments." German Economic Review 5, no. 1 (February 1, 2004): 103–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-6485.2004.00096.x.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract A tournament is examined in which two agents with different abilities choose efforts as well as risks. According to the previous literature, the more (less) able agent should choose a low (high) risk strategy, because the first one does not want to imperil his favorable position, whereas the last one can only gain by increasing risk. We show that this is not necessarily true. Risk taking affects equilibrium efforts as well as winning probabilities. Depending on both effects diverse equilibria are possible. For example, the low and the high ability agent may both choose high risks or both choose low risks.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Ghofrani, Masoud, Manijeh Soleimanifar, and Saeed Talebian. "Control of trunk muscles activity while manual material handling symmetrically and asymmetrically, Based on Motor control strategy." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 15, no. 6 (June 30, 2021): 1736–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs211561736.

Full text

Abstract:

[Purpose] Although lifting tasks has been recognized as a primary risk factor in low back pain, the concept of lifting asymmetry is relatively new subject. To address trunk function, biomechanical studies generally measure trunk muscle activity using surface electromyography (EMG). But so far, magnitude and similarity index (SI) obtained from EMG have not been studied as indicators of the motor control during lifting task. So, the purpose of this study is to compare the trunk muscles magnitude and SI during symmetric and asymmetric lifting. [Subjects and Methods] A total of 20 healthy male with no history of lumbar spine disorders participated. Surface electromyography data were recorded from the 7 trunk muscles while the participants performed symmetric and asymmetric lifting and lowering different loads. [Results] According to Multivariate ANOVAs the phase of motion (lifting, lowering) and condition (symmetry, asymmetry) have a significant effect on SI and magnitude (p≤0.05). Load changes have no effect on SI (p=0.969) but have a significant effect on magnitude (p≤0.05). The magnitude and SI value is higher in asymmetrical lifting and lowering compare to symmetrical condition. [Conclusion] The findings reveal the SI value is higher in asymmetric conditions. This means that the amount of muscles co-contracture increased during asymmetrical conditions. Increased muscles co-contracture reinforces the hypothesis of exerting more compression on the spine in asymmetrical movement. Keywords: Asymmetrical lifting, Motor control, Electromyography

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Allen, David, Michael McAleer, and Marcel Scharth. "Asymmetric Realized Volatility Risk." Journal of Risk and Financial Management 7, no. 2 (June 25, 2014): 80–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jrfm7020080.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Liu, Yanqiong, Zhenghui Li, Yanyan Yao, and Hao Dong. "Asymmetry of Risk Evolution in Crude Oil Market: From the Perspective of Dual Attributes of Oil." Energies 14, no. 13 (July 5, 2021): 4063. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14134063.

Full text

Abstract:

Investor emotional heterogeneity and oil dual attributes are the key factors that cause the asymmetry of risks in the international crude oil market. This paper uses the monthly data from April 2003 to October 2020 to identify the dynamic characteristics of oil’s commodity attribute and financial attribute, and this paper also analyzes the asymmetric characteristics of risk evolution and risk degree in the international crude oil market under the condition of oil returns heterogeneity. The empirical results show that: first, there is heterogeneity in the influence of oil attributes on the risk evolution and risk degree of the international crude oil market; second, the alternation of oil dual attributes has a significant asymmetric impact on the risk evolution of international crude oil market; third, the sudden change of international crude oil market risk caused by oil attributes is asymmetric under different oil returns trends. Based on the empirical conclusion, this paper puts forward the corresponding policy recommendations.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Lempérière, Y., C. Deremble, T. T. Nguyen, P. Seager, M. Potters, and J. P. Bouchaud. "Risk premia: asymmetric tail risks and excess returns." Quantitative Finance 17, no. 1 (June 21, 2016): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14697688.2016.1183035.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Deakins, David, and Guhlum Hussain. "Risk Assessment with Asymmetric Information." International Journal of Bank Marketing 12, no. 1 (February 1994): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02652329410049571.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Zhu, Yue, Shuai Wang, Xiaohong Gong, Elliot K. Edmiston, Suyu Zhong, Chao Li, Pengfei Zhao, et al. "Associations between hemispheric asymmetry and schizophrenia-related risk genes in people with schizophrenia and people at a genetic high risk of schizophrenia." British Journal of Psychiatry 219, no. 1 (April 30, 2021): 392–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2021.47.

Full text

Abstract:

BackgroundSchizophrenia is considered a polygenic disorder. People with schizophrenia and those with genetic high risk of schizophrenia (GHR) have presented with similar neurodevelopmental deficits in hemispheric asymmetry. The potential associations between neurodevelopmental abnormalities and schizophrenia-related risk genes in both schizophrenia and those with GHR remains unclear.AimsTo investigate the shared and specific alternations to the structural network in people with schizophrenia and those with GHR. And to identify an association between vulnerable structural network alternation and schizophrenia-related risk genes.MethodA total of 97 participants with schizophrenia, 79 participants with GHR and 192 healthy controls, underwent diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) scans at a single site. We used graph theory to characterise hemispheric and whole-brain structural network topological metrics. For 26 people in the schizophrenia group and 48 in the GHR group with DTI scans we also calculated their schizophrenia-related polygenic risk scores (SZ-PRSs). The correlations between alterations to the structural network and SZ-PRSs were calculated. Based on the identified genetic–neural association, bioinformatics enrichment was explored.ResultsThere were significant hemispheric asymmetric deficits of nodal efficiency, global and local efficiency in the schizophrenia and GHR groups. Hemispheric asymmetric deficit of local efficiency was significantly positively correlated with SZ-PRSs in the schizophrenia and GHR groups. Bioinformatics enrichment analysis showed that these risk genes may be linked to signal transduction, neural development and neuron structure. The schizophrenia group showed a significant decrease in the whole-brain structural network.ConclusionsThe shared asymmetric deficits in people with schizophrenia and those with GHR, and the association between anomalous asymmetry and SZ-PRSs suggested a vulnerability imaging marker regulated by schizophrenia-related risk genes. Our findings provide new insights into asymmetry regulated by risk genes and provides a better understanding of the genetic–neural pathological underpinnings of schizophrenia.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Jackwerth, Jens, and Grigory Vilkov. "Asymmetric Volatility Risk: Evidence from Option Markets*." Review of Finance 23, no. 4 (July 14, 2018): 777–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rof/rfy025.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Asymmetric volatility concerns the relation of returns to future expected volatility. Much is known from option prices about the marginal risk-neutral distributions (RNDs) of S&P 500 returns and of relative changes in future expected volatility (VIX). While the bivariate RND cannot be inferred from the marginals, we propose a novel identification based on long-dated index options. We estimate the risk-neutral asymmetric volatility implied correlation (AVIC) and find it to be significantly lower than its realized counterpart. We interpret the economics of the asymmetric volatility correlation risk premium and use AVIC to predict returns, volatility, and risk-neutral quantities.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Escolano, Julio, and Vitor Gaspar. "Optimal Debt Policy Under Asymmetric Risk." IMF Working Papers 16, no. 178 (2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781475529845.001.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Berger, Allen N., Marco A. Espinosa-Vega, W. Scott Frame, and Nathan H. Miller. "Debt Maturity, Risk, and Asymmetric Information." Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2004, no. 60 (2004): 1–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17016/feds.2004.60.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Espinosa-Vega, Marco A., Allen N. Berger, Nathan H. Miller, and W. Scott Frame. "Debt Maturity, Risk, and Asymmetric Information." IMF Working Papers 05, no. 201 (2005): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781451862201.001.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Zhao, Longkai. "Corporate risk management and asymmetric information." Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance 44, no. 5 (December 2004): 727–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.qref.2004.04.001.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Bourlès, Renaud, and Dominique Henriet. "Risk-sharing Contracts with Asymmetric Information." Geneva Risk and Insurance Review 37, no. 1 (March 22, 2011): 27–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/grir.2011.2.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Halov, Nikolay, and Florian Heider. "Capital Structure, Risk and Asymmetric Information." Quarterly Journal of Finance 01, no. 04 (December 2011): 767–809. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010139211000171.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper argues that firms may not issue debt in order to avoid the adverse selection cost of debt. Theory suggests that since debt is a concave claim, it may be mispriced when outside investors are uninformed about firms' risk. The empirical literature has however paid little attention to the caveat that the "lemons" problem of external financing first identified by Myers (1984) only leads to debt issuance, i.e., a pecking order, if debt is risk free or, if it is risky, that it is not mispriced. This paper examines whether and for what firms the adverse selection cost of debt is more than a theoretical possibility and how this cost relates to other costs of debt such as bankruptcy. In the absence of any direct measure of something that is unknown to investors and thus cannot be in the econometrician's information set, we present extensive strong and robust evidence in a large unbalanced panel of publicly traded US firms from 1971 to 2001 that firms avoid issuing debt when the outside market is likely to know little about their risk.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

BERGER, ALLEN N., MARCO A. ESPINOSA-VEGA, W. SCOTT FRAME, and NATHAN H. MILLER. "Debt Maturity, Risk, and Asymmetric Information." Journal of Finance 60, no. 6 (November 10, 2005): 2895–923. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.2005.00820.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Lien, Donald, and Michael Metz. "Hedging downside risk under asymmetric taxation." Journal of Futures Markets 20, no. 4 (April 2000): 361–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-9934(200004)20:4<361::aid-fut4>3.0.co;2-9.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Mundt, Philipp, and Ilfan Oh. "Asymmetric competition, risk, and return distribution." Economics Letters 179 (June 2019): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2019.03.016.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Peski, Marcin. "Generalized risk-dominance and asymmetric dynamics." Journal of Economic Theory 145, no. 1 (January 2010): 216–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jet.2009.05.007.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Fesselmeyer, Eric, Leonard J. Mirman, and Marc Santugini. "Risk sharing in an asymmetric environment." International Review of Economics & Finance 34 (November 2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.iref.2014.06.004.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Okimoto, Tatsuyoshi. "New Evidence of Asymmetric Dependence Structures in International Equity Markets." Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis 43, no. 3 (September 2008): 787–815. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022109000004294.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractA number of recent studies finds two asymmetries in dependence structures in international equity markets; specifically, dependence tends to be high in both highly volatile markets and in bear markets. In this paper, a further investigation of asymmetric dependence structures in international equity markets is performed by using the Markov switching model and copula theory. Combining these two theories enables me to model dependence structures with sufficient flexibility. Using this flexible framework, I indeed find that there are two distinct regimes in the U. S.-U. K. market. I also show that for the U. S.-U. K. market the bear regime is better described by an asymmetric copula with lower tail dependence with clear rejection of the Markov switching multivariate normal model. In addition, I show that ignorance of this further asymmetry in bear markets is very costly for risk management. Lastly, I conduct a similar analysis for other G7 countries, where I find other cases in which the use of a Markov switching multivariate normal model would be inappropriate.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Sokolovska, Olena. "Trade Credit Insurance and Asymmetric Information Problem." Scientific Annals of Economics and Business 64, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 123–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/saeb-2017-0008.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract The presence of different risk factors in international trade gives evidence of the necessity of support in gaps that may affect exporters’ activity. To maximize the trade volumes and in the same time to minimize the exporters’ risks the stakeholders use trade credit insurance. The paper provides analysis of conceptual background of the trade credit insurance in the world. We analyzed briefly the problems, arising in insurance markets due to asymmetric information, such as adverse selection and moral hazard. Also we discuss the main stages of development of trade credit insurance in countries worldwide. Using comparative and graphical analysis we provide a brief evaluation of the dynamics of claims and recoveries for different forms of trade credit insurance. We found that the claims related to the commercial risk for medium and long trade credits in recent years exceed the recoveries, while with the political risk the reverse trend holds. And we originally consider these findings in terms of information asymmetry in the trade credit insurance differentiated by type of risk.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Sokolovska, Olena. "Trade Credit Insurance and Asymmetric Information Problem." Annals of the Alexandru Ioan Cuza University - Economics 64, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 123–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aicue-2017-0008.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract The presence of different risk factors in international trade gives evidence of the necessity of support in gaps that may affect exporters’ activity. To maximize the trade volumes and in the same time to minimize the exporters’ risks the stakeholders use trade credit insurance. The paper provides analysis of conceptual background of the trade credit insurance in the world. We analyzed briefly the problems, arising in insurance markets due to asymmetric information, such as adverse selection and moral hazard. Also we discuss the main stages of development of trade credit insurance in countries worldwide. Using comparative and graphical analysis we provide a brief evaluation of the dynamics of claims and recoveries for different forms of trade credit insurance. We found that the claims related to the commercial risk for medium and long trade credits in recent years exceed the recoveries, while with the political risk the reverse trend holds. And we originally consider these findings in terms of information asymmetry in the trade credit insurance differentiated by type of risk.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Benavides, Guillermo. "Asymmetric Volatility Relevance in Risk Management: An Empirical Analysis using Stock Index Futures." Revista Mexicana de Economía y Finanzas 16, TNEA (September 14, 2021): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.21919/remef.v16i0.704.

Full text

Abstract:

The objective of this research work is to show the relevance of asymmetries in estimating volatility. The methodology consists in the application of ARCH-type models and implied volatilities of options (IV) to estimate Value-at-Risk (VaR). These for a portfolio of stock index futures for various time horizons. The empirical analysis is carried out for the futures contracts for the Standard and Poors 500 and Mexican Stock Exchange Indices. According to the results, the IV model is superior in terms of precision compared to the ARCH-type models. It is recommended to use the relevant statistical gains when asymmetries are included with respect to when asymmetries are not used. The referred gains range from 4 to 150 basis points of minimum capital risk requirements. The originality of the present work consists of showing the importance of considering the asymmetric effects with IV and ARCH-type models in volatility forecasts within risk management analysis. It is concluded that the methodology means gains in monetary terms.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Lin, Hang, Lixin Liu, and Zhengjun Zhang. "Hedging and Evaluating Tail Risks via Two Novel Options Based on Type II Extreme Value Distribution." Symmetry 13, no. 9 (September 5, 2021): 1630. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13091630.

Full text

Abstract:

Tail risk is an important financial issue today, but directly hedging tail risks with an ad hoc option is still an unresolved problem since it is not easy to specify a suitable and asymmetric pricing kernel. By defining two ad hoc underlying “assets”, this paper designs two novel tail risk options (TROs) for hedging and evaluating short-term tail risks. Under the Fréchet distribution assumption for maximum losses, the closed-form TRO pricing formulas are obtained. Simulation examples demonstrate the accuracy of the pricing formulas. Furthermore, they show that, no matter whether at scale level (symmetric “normal” risk, with greater volatility) or shape level (asymmetric tail risk, with a smaller value in tail index), the greater the risk, the more expensive the TRO calls, and the cheaper the TRO puts. Using calibration, one can obtain the TRO-implied volatility and the TRO-implied tail index. The former is analogous to the Black-Scholes implied volatility, which can measure the overall symmetric market volatility. The latter measures the asymmetry in underlying losses, mirrors market sentiment, and provides financial crisis warnings. Regarding the newly proposed TRO and its implied tail index, economic implications can be offered to investors, portfolio managers, and policy-makers.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Zhen, Jie, Zhuopin Guo, Yiying Qu, and Hao Ren. "The Relationship between Intellectual Property Risk and Stability of Asymmetric Research and Development Alliance." Complexity 2021 (September 6, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/2949067.

Full text

Abstract:

Small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) establish asymmetric research and development (R&D) alliance with core enterprises to improve innovation efficiency. Unfortunately, the gap in the status and bargaining power between enterprises in such partnerships makes the intellectual property risk situation complicated. While gaining support and assistance from core enterprises, SMEs face the risk of exposing their core knowledge and key resources, which seriously affects the stability of R&D alliance and the sustainability of cooperative innovation. How to protect the intellectual property rights of SMEs in the asymmetric R&D alliance and improve the alliance’s stability is an urgent problem to be solved. Based on the theory of resource dependence and transaction cost, this study uses 260 high-tech companies participating in the asymmetric R&D alliance as a sample to conduct empirical research from the perspective of SMEs in a weak position. The purpose of this study is to sort out the types of intellectual property risks in the alliance and clarify the relationship between them and the stability of asymmetric R&D alliance. Furthermore, this study examines the moderating effects of contract governance mechanisms and relational contracts to explore effective governance mechanisms at the alliance level. Empirical results show that the intellectual property investment risk and the intellectual property loss risk have a significant negative impact on the stability of asymmetric R&D alliance. The contract governance mechanism negatively moderates the impact of intellectual property investment risk on the stability of the asymmetric R&D alliance. The relationship governance mechanism negatively moderates the impact of intellectual property loss risk on the stability of the asymmetric R&D alliance. The contract and relationship governance mechanism jointly negatively moderate the impact of intellectual property investment risk and loss risk on the stability of the asymmetric R&D alliance.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Santos, Gislaine Regina Santos dos, Jeam Marcel Geremia, Paola Zambelli Moraes, Raquel de Oliveira Lupion, Marco Aurélio Vaz, and Felipe P. Carpes. "Bilateral assessment of knee muscle relationships in healthy adults." Motriz: Revista de Educação Física 20, no. 3 (September 2014): 310–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1980-65742014000300010.

Full text

Abstract:

Asymmetric performance of flexor and extensor muscles of the knee may be a risk factor for knee injuries, especially the anterior cruciate ligament. Additionally, asymmetries in power and work may have correlations with fatigue and performance during functional tasks. Among untrained individuals, such asymmetries may be of potential interest for training prescription. Here, we investigated the bilateral performance of knee flexors and extensors muscle groups of untrained individuals. We quantified the torque-angle and torque-velocity relationships, as well as work, power and asymmetry indexes in 20 untrained male (25 ± 4 years old; height 1.74 ± 0.05 m; body mass 76 ± 9 kg). No significant asymmetry was observed for torque-angle and torque-velocity relationships, work and power output for knee flexor and extensor muscle groups (p < .05). Our results suggest that untrained male present symmetry in the knee flexion and extension bilateral performance. Changes in this behavior due to physical training must be monitored.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Qian, Li, Jian Guo Du, and Shuai Jin. "The Decision Analysis and Strategy for Reuse of Waste Materials Based on Game Theory under Asymmetry Information." Applied Mechanics and Materials 448-453 (October 2013): 4449–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.448-453.4449.

Full text

Abstract:

In order to explore the waste reuse problem, we establish waste reuse model composed of manufacturer1 which is a waste supplier and manufacturer 2 which is a waste buyer, when the information of recycling cost is symmetry and asymmetry. The paper gives the output and price strategy of main product under different conditions. The result shows manufacturer1 runs more risk when information of recycling cost is asymmetry. Therefore manufacturer1 needs to prevent risk associated with asymmetric information. This paper further gives manufacturer1’s cost sharing contract which reduces manufacturer1’s risk and increase profits.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Zhai, Qingqing, Rui Peng, and Jun Zhuang. "Defender–Attacker Games with Asymmetric Player Utilities." Risk Analysis 40, no. 2 (September 17, 2019): 408–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/risa.13399.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Lee, Yul W., and John D. Stowe. "Product Risk, Asymmetric Information, and Trade Credit." Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis 28, no. 2 (June 1993): 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2331291.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Tsafack, Georges. "Asymmetric Dependence Implications for Extreme Risk Management." Journal of Derivatives 17, no. 1 (August 31, 2009): 7–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3905/jod.2009.17.1.007.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Koh, Jaehan, Bin Wang, Lai C. Liu, and Kai S. Koong. "Asymmetric responses, risk seeking and internet bubble." International Journal of Electronic Finance 4, no. 4 (2010): 323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijef.2010.035728.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Bekaert, Geert, and Guojun Wu. "Asymmetric Volatility and Risk in Equity Markets." Review of Financial Studies 13, no. 1 (January 2000): 1–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rfs/13.1.1.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Ferruz, Luis, José Luis Sarto, and Laura Andreu. "Do asymmetric risk metrics influence performance persistence?" Journal of Derivatives & Hedge Funds 14, no. 1 (May 2008): 42–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/jdhf.2008.5.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Cornes, Richard, and Roger Hartley. "Risk aversion in symmetric and asymmetric contests." Economic Theory 51, no. 2 (August 2, 2009): 247–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00199-009-0490-9.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Tai, Chu-Sheng. "Asymmetric currency exposure and currency risk pricing." International Review of Financial Analysis 17, no. 4 (September 2008): 647–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.irfa.2007.09.002.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Cheng, Ping. "Asymmetric Risk Measures and Real Estate Returns." Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics 30, no. 1 (February 2005): 89–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11146-004-4833-9.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Aye, Goodness C., Mehmet Balcilar, Riza Demirer, and Rangan Gupta. "Firm-level political risk and asymmetric volatility." Journal of Economic Asymmetries 18 (November 2018): e00110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeca.2018.e00110.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Posedel Šimović, Petra, and Azra Tafro. "Pricing the Volatility Risk Premium with a Discrete Stochastic Volatility Model." Mathematics 9, no. 17 (August 25, 2021): 2038. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9172038.

Full text

Abstract:

Investors’ decisions on capital markets depend on their anticipation and preferences about risk, and volatility is one of the most common measures of risk. This paper proposes a method of estimating the market price of volatility risk by incorporating both conditional heteroscedasticity and nonlinear effects in market returns, while accounting for asymmetric shocks. We develop a model that allows dynamic risk premiums for the underlying asset and for the volatility of the asset under the physical measure. Specifically, a nonlinear in mean time series model combining the asymmetric autoregressive conditional heteroscedastic model with leverage (NGARCH) is adapted for modeling return dynamics. The local risk-neutral valuation relationship is used to model investors’ preferences of volatility risk. The transition probabilities governing the evolution of the price of the underlying asset are adjusted for investors’ attitude towards risk, presenting the asset returns as a function of the risk premium. Numerical studies on asset return data show the significance of market shocks and levels of asymmetry in pricing the volatility risk. Estimated premiums could be used in option pricing models, turning options markets into volatility trading markets, and in measuring reactions to market shocks.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Bohdalová, Mária, and Michal Greguš. "VaR BASED RISK MANAGEMENT." CBU International Conference Proceedings 1 (June 30, 2013): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.12955/cbup.v1.11.

Full text

Abstract:

In this paper we discuss the Value–at–Risk concept and we analyse the market risk by using EWMA approach. EWMA (exponentially weighted moving average) forecasting technique is a popular measure of various risks in financial risk management. We will compare standard EWMA, robust EWMA and skewed EWMA forecast of VaR. JP Morgan standard EWMA is derived from Gaussian distribution. Robust EWMA is based on Laplace distribution and skewed EWMA is a new approach derived from an asymmetric Laplace distribution. Asymmetric Laplace distribution takes into account both skewness and heavy tails in return distribution and the time varying nature of them in practice. Skewed EWMA VaR is a generalization of the standard EWMA method. Using these approaches we will analyse selected financial series (three European market indexes and one exchange rate). We have found andconfirmed that skewed EWMA forecasting of VaR outperforms the standard EWMA method.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Trouw, Michael, Stephan Weiler, and Jesse Silverstein. "Brownfield Development: Uncertainty, Asymmetric Information, and Risk Premia." Sustainability 12, no. 5 (March 6, 2020): 2046. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12052046.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper shows that brownfield redevelopment occurs at a lower than socially optimal rate due to a stigma effect. A theoretical framework is employed, incorporating asymmetric information showing this stigma within the brownfields market generates a first-mover problem. Developers require a risk premium on their rate of return to offset this stigma, which discourages investment. Asymmetric information further widens the gap between offer and asking prices, reducing successful transactions. Implications of the theoretical framework are explored using a survey of real estate developers in the Denver metropolitan area. Brownfield developers’ typical characteristics along with their risk and stigma premiums are quantified and found to be substantially in excess of cleanup costs.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Cao, H. Henry, and Dongyan Ye. "Transaction Risk, Derivative Assets, and Equilibrium." Quarterly Journal of Finance 06, no. 01 (February 15, 2016): 1650001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010139216500014.

Full text

Abstract:

We describe a rational expectations model in which there is not only asymmetric information about payoffs but also asymmetric information about the preference, proportion and precision of private information of investors. We define this payoff-irrelevant risk as transaction risk, which is described by market state variables unrelated to payoffs. When derivative assets are introduced, the prices of the derivative assets can reveal information about transaction risk. Due to the informational role of derivative-asset prices, introducing derivative assets can increase social welfare and the price of the underlying asset even though no investors are trading in these derivative assets.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Chang, Derek, Saurabh Amin, and Kerry Emanuel. "Modeling and Parameter Estimation of Hurricane Wind Fields with Asymmetry." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 59, no. 4 (April 2020): 687–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-19-0126.1.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractThis article presents an azimuthally asymmetric gradient hurricane wind field model that can be coupled with hurricane-track models for engineering wind risk assessments. The model incorporates low-wavenumber asymmetries into the maximum wind intensity parameter of the Holland et al. wind field model. The amplitudes and phases of the asymmetries are parametric functions of the storm-translation speed and wind shear. Model parameters are estimated by solving a constrained, nonlinear least squares (CNLS) problem that minimizes the sum of squared residuals between wind field intensities of historical storms and model-estimated winds. There are statistically significant wavenumber-1 asymmetries in the wind field resulting from both storm translation and wind shear. Adding the translation vector to the wind field model with wavenumber-1 asymmetries further improves the model’s estimation performance. In addition, inclusion of the wavenumber-1 asymmetry resulting from translation results in a greater decrease in modeling error than does inclusion of the wavenumber-1 shear-induced asymmetry. Overall, the CNLS estimation method can handle the inherently nonlinear wind field model in a flexible manner; thus, it is well suited to capture the radial variability in the hurricane wind field’s asymmetry. The article concludes with brief remarks on how the CNLS-estimated model can be applied for simulating wind fields in a statistically generated ensemble.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Burlakoti, Arjun, Jaliya Kumaratilake, David J. Taylor, and Maciej Henneberg. "Quantifying asymmetry of anterior cerebral arteries as a predictor of anterior communicating artery complex aneurysm." BMJ Surgery, Interventions, & Health Technologies 2, no. 1 (December 2020): e000059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjsit-2020-000059.

Full text

Abstract:

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to establish an anatomical index for early prediction of the risk of development of aneurysms in anterior communicating arterial complex (AcomAC). The asymmetric diameter of one anterior cerebral artery (ACA) to other could alter haemodynamics and may contribute to formation of aneurysms in AcomAC and be a reliable predictor of the risk of development of aneurysms.Design and settingThis is a retrospective, observational and quantitative study, which used cerebral computed tomography angiography (CCTA) scans in South Australia.ParticipantsCCTA scans of 166 adult patients of both sexes were studied.Main outcome measuresThe internal diameters of the proximal segments of ACAs (A1s) were measured. Position and presence or absence of aneurysms in AcomAC were determined. The ratio of A1 diameters was taken as a measure of A1 asymmetry.ResultsThe ratio of diameters of A1s correlated with the occurrence of AcomAC aneurysms. The risk of development of aneurysms in AcomAC was much greater (80%, OR=47.3) when one A1 segment’s radius was at least 50% larger (ie, 2.25 times cross-sectional area) than the other.ConclusionThe general information on asymmetric A1 has been published previously. The present findings have significant contribution since the A1s asymmetry ratios have been categorised in ascending order and matched with the presence of AcomAC aneurysms. The asymmetry ratio of the A1 is a good predictor for the development of AcomAC aneurysms. Reconstruction of the asymmetric A1 could be done if the technology gets advanced.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Qiu, Guo Fang, Yun Zhang, and Chong Wang. "Study on Information Asymmetry and the Risks Initiated by it in the Supply Chain Finance." Applied Mechanics and Materials 496-500 (January 2014): 2827–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.496-500.2827.

Full text

Abstract:

From the perspective of commercial banks, put the financial supply chain in the principal-agent relationship which is multi-agent and of multiple sections. This paper analyzed the principal-agent relationship between different subjects and commercial banks and information asymmetry. Secondly it also analyzes the information risk of supply chain finance caused by asymmetric information from in three aspects as risk types, risk behavior and risk loss. Finally it gives the Suggestions and countermeasures aimed to financial risk in supply chain information. It provides reference to main body understanding and the information risk of supply chain finance.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Cao, Guangxi, Yingchao Zhao, and Yan Han. "Asymmetric statistical features of the Chinese domestic and international gold price fluctuation." International Journal of Modern Physics B 29, no. 17 (June 23, 2015): 1550113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979215501131.

Full text

Abstract:

Analyzing the statistical features of fluctuation is remarkably significant for financial risk identification and measurement. In this study, the asymmetric detrended fluctuation analysis (A-DFA) method was applied to evaluate asymmetric multifractal scaling behaviors in the Shanghai and New York gold markets. Our findings showed that the multifractal features of the Chinese and international gold spot markets were asymmetric. The gold return series persisted longer in an increasing trend than in a decreasing trend. Moreover, the asymmetric degree of multifractals in the Chinese and international gold markets decreased with the increase in fluctuation range. In addition, the empirical analysis using sliding window technology indicated that multifractal asymmetry in the Chinese and international gold markets was characterized by its time-varying feature. However, the Shanghai and international gold markets basically shared a similar asymmetric degree evolution pattern. The American subprime mortgage crisis (2008) and the European debt crisis (2010) enhanced the asymmetric degree of the multifractal features of the Chinese and international gold markets. Furthermore, we also make statistical tests for the results of multifractatity and asymmetry, and discuss the origin of them. Finally, results of the empirical analysis using the threshold autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (TARCH) and exponential generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (EGARCH) models exhibited that good news had a more significant effect on the cyclical fluctuation of the gold market than bad news. Moreover, good news exerted a more significant effect on the Chinese gold market than on the international gold market.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!