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Journal articles on the topic 'At-risk metrics'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Haupt, Adam Christian, Jonathan Alt, and Samuel Buttrey. "Identifying students at risk in academics." Journal of Defense Analytics and Logistics 1, no. 1 (2017): 8–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jdal-05-2017-0008.

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Purpose This paper aims to use a data-driven approach to identify the factors and metrics that provide the best indicators of academic attrition in the Korean language program at the Defense Language Institute Foreign Language Center. Design methodology approach This research develops logistic regression models to aid in the identification of at-risk students in the Defense Language Institute’s Korean language school. Findings The results from this research demonstrates that this methodology can detect significant factors and metrics that identify students at-risk. Additionally, this research

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Prem, Katherine P., Dedy Ng, Hans J. Pasman, Mike Sawyer, Yuyan Guo, and M. Sam Mannan. "Risk measures constituting a risk metrics which enables improved decision making: Value-at-Risk." Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries 23, no. 2 (2010): 211–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jlp.2009.08.003.

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Di Clemente, Annalisa. "Comparing Different Systemic Risk Measures for European Banking System." International Business Research 12, no. 1 (2018): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v12n1p35.

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This research examines and compares the performances in terms of systemic risk ranking for three different systemic risk metrics based on daily frequency publicly available data, specifically: Marginal Expected Shortfall (ES), Component Expected Shortfall (CES) and Delta Conditional Value-at-Risk (&Delta;CoVaR). We compute &Delta;CoVaR, MES and CES by utilizing EVT principles for modelling marginal distributions and Student&rsquo;s t copula for describing the dependence structure between every bank and the banking system. Our objective is to attest whether different systemic risk m

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Singh, Satwinder, and K. S. Kahlon. "Object oriented software metrics threshold values at quantitative acceptable risk level." CSI Transactions on ICT 2, no. 3 (2014): 191–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40012-014-0057-1.

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Tsan, Min-Fu, and Yen Nguyen. "Assessing the Quality and Performance of Human Research Protection Programs to Guide Compliance Oversight Activities." Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics 13, no. 3 (2018): 270–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1556264618776460.

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Routine on-site reviews should focus primarily on facilities that are at risk of harming human subjects. Using human research protection program performance metric data from 107 facilities, we defined a facility to be at risk when one of its noncompliance/incident rates was among the top three highest rates of that performance metric. Based on 14 performance metrics with noncompliance and incidents in 2017, 27 facilities were identified to be at risk. These 27 facilities at risk, while constituting only 25% of all facilities, contributed to 70% ± 25% ( M ± SD; range = 32%-100%) of all reported

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Foote, Mike. "Temporal variation in extinction risk and temporal scaling of extinction metrics." Paleobiology 20, no. 4 (1994): 424–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0094837300012914.

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Many areas of paleobiological research require reliable extinction metrics. Branching-and-extinction simulations and data on Phanerozoic marine families and genera are used to investigate the relationship between interval length and commonly used extinction metrics. Normalization of extinction metrics for interval length is problematic, even when interval length is known without error, because normalization implicitly assumes some model of variation in extinction risk within an interval. If extinction risk within an interval were constant, or if it varied but played no role in the definition o

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Hu, Jianhui, Amy J. H. Kind, and David Nerenz. "Area Deprivation Index Predicts Readmission Risk at an Urban Teaching Hospital." American Journal of Medical Quality 33, no. 5 (2018): 493–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1062860617753063.

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A growing body of evidence has shown that neighborhood characteristics have significant effects on quality metrics that evaluate health plans or health care providers. Using a data set of an urban teaching hospital patient discharges, this study aimed to determine whether a significant effect of neighborhood characteristics, measured by the Area Deprivation Index, could be observed on patients’ readmission risk, independent of patient-level clinical and demographic factors. This study found that patients residing in more disadvantaged neighborhoods had significantly higher 30-day readmission r

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Devaraj, Susan M., Bonny Rockette-Wagner, Rachel G. Miller, et al. "The Impact of a Yearlong Diabetes Prevention Program-Based Lifestyle Intervention on Cardiovascular Health Metrics." Journal of Primary Care & Community Health 12 (January 2021): 215013272110298. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21501327211029816.

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Introduction The American Heart Association created “Life’s Simple Seven” metrics to estimate progress toward improving US cardiovascular health in a standardized manner. Given the widespread use of federally funded Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP)-based lifestyle interventions such as the Group Lifestyle Balance (DPP-GLB), evaluation of change in health metrics within such a program is of national interest. This study examined change in cardiovascular health metric scores during the course of a yearlong DPP-GLB intervention. Methods Data were combined from 2 similar randomized trials offerin

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Rosenthal, Susan, Stefani Russo, Katherine Berg, et al. "Identifying Students at Risk of Failing the USMLE Step 2 Clinical Skills Examination." Family Medicine 51, no. 6 (2019): 483–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.22454/fammed.2019.429968.

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Background and Objectives: New standards announced in 2017 could increase the failure rate for Step 2 Clinical Skills (CS). The purpose of this study was to identify student performance metrics associated with risk of failing. Methods: Data for 1,041 graduates of one medical school from 2014 through 2017 were analyzed, including 30 (2.9%) failures. Metrics included Medical College Admission Test, United States Medical Licensing Examination Step 1, and clerkship National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME) Subject Examination scores; faculty ratings in six clerkships; and scores on an objective s

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Chang, Ching-Pao. "Software Risk Modeling by Clustering Project Metrics." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 25, no. 06 (2015): 1053–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194015500175.

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Together with the development and integration of software technologies, an increase in the complexity of the software development environment has made identifying software risks challenging. Identifying software risks, which is a critical activity in project management, is challenging because numerous factors may affect software projects. In this paper, an approach to identify software-risk items is proposed in which data collected from past software projects are mined to construct software-risk models. The prediction models obtained can be used to identify potential software risks for subsequ

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Albanese, Claudio, Yannick Armenti, and Stéphane Crépey. "XVA metrics for CCP optimization." Statistics & Risk Modeling 37, no. 1-2 (2020): 25–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/strm-2017-0034.

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AbstractBased on an XVA analysis of centrally cleared derivative portfolios, we consider two capital and funding issues pertaining to the efficiency of the design of central counterparties (CCPs). First, we consider an organization of a clearing framework, whereby a CCP would also play the role of a centralized XVA calculator and management center. The default fund contributions would become pure capital at risk of the clearing members, remunerated as such at some hurdle rate, i.e. return-on-equity. Moreover, we challenge the current default fund Cover 2 EMIR sizing rule with a broader risk ba

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Van Vuuren, Gary Wayne, and Dirk Visser. "Trading book risk metrics: A South African perspective." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 19, no. 1 (2016): 118–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v19i1.1316.

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The regulatory market risk metric – Value at Risk – has remained virtually unchanged since its introduction by JP Morgan in 1996. Many prominent examples of market risk underestimation have undermined the credibility of VaR, prompting the search for better, more robust measures. Expected shortfall and procyclical capital buffers have been proposed by regulatory authorities, but neither is without problems. Bubble VaR – a coherent measure which avoids many of the pitfalls to which other measures have succumbed – was designed to be both forward-looking and countercyclical. Although tested on oth

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Sanchez, Tarquino, David Naranjo, Jack Vidal, Diego Salazar, Cristina Pérez, and Marianela Jaramillo. "Analysis of academic performance based on sociograms: A case study with students from at risk groups." Journal of Technology and Science Education 11, no. 1 (2021): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.3926/jotse.1110.

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The present work analyzes the academic performance of students from at-risk groups from the perspective of Social Network Analysis (SNA), studying the academic and interaction information of 45 students belonging to at-risk groups who attended a pilot socio-academic course during one academic term. This information was used to create a sociogram, which served as the basis for determining the centrality metrics of the SNA. The relationships between these metrics and the academic variables were then studied by means of correlation analysis and linear regression with LASSO standardization. As a p

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Rudilosso, Salvatore, Carlos Laredo, Víctor Vera, et al. "Acute Stroke Care Is at Risk in the Era of COVID-19." Stroke 51, no. 7 (2020): 1991–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/strokeaha.120.030329.

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Background and Purpose: The purpose of the study is to analyze how the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic affected acute stroke care in a Comprehensive Stroke Center. Methods: On February 28, 2020, contingency plans were implemented at Hospital Clinic of Barcelona to contain the COVID-19 pandemic. Among them, the decision to refrain from reallocating the Stroke Team and Stroke Unit to the care of patients with COVID-19. From March 1 to March 31, 2020, we measured the number of emergency calls to the Emergency Medical System in Catalonia (7.5 million inhabitants), and the Stroke Codes

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Barysauskas, Constance, Carole Kathleen Dalby, Paul J. Catalano, and Joseph O. Jacobson. "Potential pitfalls of binary reporting metrics using a QOPI end-of-life (EOL) sample." Journal of Clinical Oncology 32, no. 30_suppl (2014): 261. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2014.32.30_suppl.261.

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261 Background: Practice accountability through measurement is emergent in the United States. The National Quality Forum has adopted several EOL metrics as national standards. Care at EOL is highly variable due to patient and family preference, symptom management, and psychosocial care. We hypothesize binary measures with fixed cut-points limit the understanding of EOL practice thus reducing opportunities for care improvement. Methods: We previously demonstrated limitations of the QOPI sampling methodology among all patients at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Satellites following the QOPI samplin

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Mills, Harriet L., Andrea Turner, Lisa Morgans, et al. "Evaluation of metrics for benchmarking antimicrobial use in the UK dairy industry." Veterinary Record 182, no. 13 (2018): 379. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.104701.

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The issue of antimicrobial resistance is of global concern across human and animal health. In 2016, the UK government committed to new targets for reducing antimicrobial use (AMU) in livestock. Although a number of metrics for quantifying AMU are defined in the literature, all give slightly different interpretations. This paper evaluates a selection of metrics for AMU in the dairy industry: total mg, total mg/kg, daily dose and daily course metrics. Although the focus is on their application to the dairy industry, the metrics and issues discussed are relevant across livestock sectors. In order

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Staessen, Jan A., Lutgarde Thijs, Wen-Yi Yang, et al. "Interpretation of Population Health Metrics." Hypertension 75, no. 3 (2020): 603–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/hypertensionaha.119.14217.

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Our objective was to gain insight in the calculation and interpretation of population health metrics that inform disease prevention. Using as model environmental exposure to lead (ELE), a global pollutant, we assessed population health metrics derived from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1988 to 1994), the GBD (Global Burden of Disease Study 2010), and the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development. In the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, the hazard ratio relating mortality over 19.3 years of follow-up to a blood lead increase at baselin

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Stillman, Paul E., Ian Krajbich, and Melissa J. Ferguson. "Using dynamic monitoring of choices to predict and understand risk preferences." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 50 (2020): 31738–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2010056117.

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Navigating conflict is integral to decision-making, serving a central role both in the subjective experience of choice as well as contemporary theories of how we choose. However, the lack of a sensitive, accessible, and interpretable metric of conflict has led researchers to focus on choice itself rather than how individuals arrive at that choice. Using mouse-tracking—continuously sampling computer mouse location as participants decide—we demonstrate the theoretical and practical uses of dynamic assessments of choice from decision onset through conclusion. Specifically, we use mouse tracking t

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Craig, Aimee-Louise, Stephanie Buijs, and Steven Morrison. "Evaluation of veterinary antimicrobial benchmarking systems at farm-level in Europe: implications for the UK ruminant sector." Veterinary Record 187, no. 10 (2020): 402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.105727.

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BackgroundA number of European countries currently conduct mandatory farm-level benchmarking for antimicrobial usage (AMU). This review describes the systems used, with emphasis on metric type and practical implications.MethodsThis report describes examples of four types of metrics used to measure AMU: count-based, mass-based, daily dose-based and course-based, each with its own advantages and disadvantages.ResultsThe Netherlands, Belgium, Denmark and Switzerland use daily dose-based metrics to benchmark AMU at farm-level, but each country diverges from the European Surveillance of Veterinary

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Huault, Isabelle, and Hélène Rainelli-Weiss. "A Market for Weather Risk? Conflicting Metrics, Attempts at Compromise, and Limits to Commensuration." Organization Studies 32, no. 10 (2011): 1395–419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0170840611421251.

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Veromaa, Veera, Hannu Kautiainen, Ulla Saxen, Kirsi Malmberg-Ceder, Elina Bergman, and Päivi E. Korhonen. "Ideal cardiovascular health and psychosocial risk factors among Finnish female municipal workers." Scandinavian Journal of Public Health 45, no. 1 (2016): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1403494816677661.

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Aims: Ideal cardiovascular health has been defined by the American Heart Association as the absence of disease and the presence of seven key health factors and behaviours. However, little is known about the mental aspects associated with ideal cardiovascular health metrics. The objective of this study was to assess the relationships between psychosocial risk factors and ideal cardiovascular health metrics among Finnish women at municipal work units. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Finland among 732 female employees (mean±SD age 48±10 years) from ten work units in 2014. Ideal c

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Panattoni, Laura, Catherine Fedorenko, Karma Kreizenbeck, et al. "Lessons From Reporting National Performance Measures in a Regional Setting: Washington State Community Cancer Care Report." Journal of Oncology Practice 14, no. 12 (2018): e801-e814. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jop.18.00410.

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Regional public reporting of performance measures in oncology can facilitate local decision making across stakeholders, but small numbers of patients and clinics pose a challenge to creating statistically robust measures. In this article, we describe our development of the Community Cancer Care in Washington State: Quality and Cost Report, the first publicly available report showing clinic-level quality and cost measures at the regional level. We learned key lessons in how to adapt national performance reporting to our regional setting using a registry-linked multipayer claims database. In sho

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Kesireddy, Veena, Yubo Tan, David Kline, et al. "The Association of Life’s Simple 7 with Aldosterone among African Americans in the Jackson Heart Study." Nutrients 11, no. 5 (2019): 955. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11050955.

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Background: Among African Americans (AAs), attaining higher levels of American Heart Association (AHA) ideal cardiovascular health (Life’s Simple 7 [LS7]) is associated with lower risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD). We previously showed that aldosterone is associated with higher risk of diabetes and CVD in AAs. Thus, we investigated the association of LS7 metrics with aldosterone in the Jackson Heart Study (JHS). Methods: Ideal metrics were defined by AHA 2020 goals for health behaviors (smoking, dietary intake, physical activity, and body mass index) and health factors (total c

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Dickey, James W. E., Ross N. Cuthbert, Michael Rea, et al. "Assessing the relative potential ecological impacts and invasion risks of emerging and future invasive alien species." NeoBiota 39 (October 19, 2018): 103–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.39.28519.

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Invasive alien species (IAS) cause myriad negative impacts, such as ecosystem disruption, human, animal and plant health issues, economic damage and species extinctions. There are many sources of emerging and future IAS, such as the poorly regulated international pet trade. However, we lack methodologies to predict the likely ecological impacts and invasion risks of such IAS which have little or no informative invasion history. This study develops the Relative Impact Potential (RIP) metric, a new measure of ecological impact that incorporates per capita functional responses (FRs) and proxies f

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Dickey, James W. E., Ross N. Cuthbert, Michael Rea, et al. "Assessing the relative potential ecological impacts and invasion risks of emerging and future invasive alien species." NeoBiota 40 (October 19, 2018): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.40.28519.

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Invasive alien species (IAS) cause myriad negative impacts, such as ecosystem disruption, human, animal and plant health issues, economic damage and species extinctions. There are many sources of emerging and future IAS, such as the poorly regulated international pet trade. However, we lack methodologies to predict the likely ecological impacts and invasion risks of such IAS which have little or no informative invasion history. This study develops the Relative Impact Potential (RIP) metric, a new measure of ecological impact that incorporates per capita functional responses (FRs) and proxies f

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DeVogel, Nicholas, N. Yoganandan, A. Banerjee, and F. A. Pintar. "Hierarchical process using Brier Score Metrics for lower leg injury risk curves in vertical impact." BMJ Military Health 166, no. 5 (2019): 318–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jramc-2018-001124.

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IntroductionParametric survival models are used to develop injury risk curves (IRCs) from impact tests using postmortem human surrogates (PMHS). Through the consideration of different output variables, input parameters and censoring, different IRCs could be created. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility of the Brier Score Metric (BSM) to determine the optimal IRCs and derive them from lower leg impact tests.MethodsTwo series of tests of axial impacts to PMHS foot–ankle complex were used in the study. The first series used the metrics of force, time and rate, and covariat

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Mazzotti, D. R., T. Leppänen, S. Sands, et al. "0593 Hypoxemia During Sleep Disordered Breathing and Cardiovascular Disease: A Comparison of Different Oxygen Desaturation Measures." Sleep 43, Supplement_1 (2020): A227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.590.

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Abstract Introduction The apnea-hypopnea index has been used to characterize obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity. However, this metric is limited in providing information about cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Recent studies proposed alternative metrics that capture frequency, duration, depth, and combinations of duration and depth of hypoxemia. This study provides a systematic evaluation of the association between conventional or novel nocturnal hypoxemia metrics and the incidence of CVD and CV mortality in the Sleep Heart Health Study (SHHS). Methods We used data from 5,042 participants

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Rao, Anirudh, Debashish Dutta, Pratim Kalita, et al. "Probabilistic seismic risk assessment of India." Earthquake Spectra 36, no. 1_suppl (2020): 345–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/8755293020957374.

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This study presents a comprehensive open probabilistic seismic risk model for India. The proposed model comprises a nationwide residential and non-residential building exposure model, a selection of analytical seismic vulnerability functions tailored for Indian building classes, and the open implementation of an existing probabilistic seismic hazard model for India. The vulnerability of the building exposure is combined with the seismic hazard using the stochastic (Monte Carlo) event-based calculator of the OpenQuake engine to estimate probabilistic seismic risk metrics such as average annual

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Poel, Robert, Elias Rüfenacht, Evelyn Hermann, et al. "The predictive value of segmentation metrics on dosimetry in organs at risk of the brain." Medical Image Analysis 73 (October 2021): 102161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.media.2021.102161.

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Harhay, Meera N., Maya K. Rao, Kenneth J. Woodside, et al. "An overview of frailty in kidney transplantation: measurement, management and future considerations." Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 35, no. 7 (2020): 1099–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gfaa016.

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Abstract The construct of frailty was first developed in gerontology to help identify older adults with increased vulnerability when confronted with a health stressor. This article is a review of studies in which frailty has been applied to pre- and post-kidney transplantation (KT) populations. Although KT is the optimal treatment for end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), KT candidates often must overcome numerous health challenges associated with ESKD before receiving KT. After KT, the impacts of surgery and immunosuppression represent additional health stressors that disproportionately impact ind

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Terzić, Ivica, and Marko Milojević. "EVALUATING MEASURES OF MARKET RISK IN CIRCUMSTANCES OF GLOBAL FINANCIAL CRISIS – EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM FIVE COUNTRIES." CBU International Conference Proceedings 1 (June 30, 2013): 75–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.12955/cbup.v1.17.

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The purpose of this paper is to evaluate performance of value-at-risk (VaR) produced by two risk models: historical simulation and Risk Metrics. We perform three backtest: unconditional coverage, independence and conditional coverage. We present results on both VaR 1% and VaR 5% on a one-day horizon for the following indices: S&P 500, DAX, SAX, PX and Belex 15. Our results show that Historical simulation 500 days rolling window approach satisfies unconditional coverage for all tested indices, while Risk Metrics has many rejection cases. On the other hand Risk Metrics model satisfies indepe

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Guo, Daoxia, Zhengbao Zhu, Chongke Zhong, et al. "Prognostic Metrics Associated with Inflammation and Atherosclerosis Signaling Evaluate the Burden of Adverse Clinical Outcomes in Ischemic Stroke Patients." Clinical Chemistry 66, no. 11 (2020): 1434–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/hvaa201.

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Abstract Background Conventional prognostic risk factors can only partly explain the adverse clinical outcomes after ischemic stroke. We aimed to establish a set of prognostic metrics and evaluate its public health significance on the burden of adverse clinical outcomes of ischemic stroke. Methods All patients were from the China Antihypertensive Trial in Acute Ischemic Stroke (CATIS). We established prognostic metrics of ischemic stroke from 20 potential biomarkers in a propensity-score-matched extreme case sample (n = 146). Pathway analysis was conducted using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. In

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Panattoni, Laura Elizabeth, Catherine R. Fedorenko, Mikael Anne Greenwood-Hickman, et al. "How do clinics perform across multiple end of life metrics?" Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 31_suppl (2017): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.31_suppl.86.

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86 Background: National bodies have proposed a number of metrics to measure quality of care at the end of life (EOL). MACRA legislation allows clinics to select the metrics they report to CMS. The self-selection of reported metrics leaves open questions about how representative certain measures, particularly in isolation, may be of overall EOL care in community settings. We examined the consistency of clinical-level performance across three common EOL metrics. Methods: We linked cancer registry records for solid tumor cancer patients diagnosed in Washington State from 2013-2016 with claims fro

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Panattoni, Laura Elizabeth, Catherine R. Fedorenko, Karma L. Kreizenbeck, et al. "Lessons from Reporting National Performance Measures in a Regional Setting: Washington State Community Cancer Care Report." Journal of Clinical Oncology 36, no. 30_suppl (2018): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2018.36.30_suppl.105.

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105 Background: While many quality metrics are generated and reported at a national level, regionally reported metrics may be more meaningful to stakeholders and more amenable to locally-generated interventions aimed at improving quality. We present the lessons learned from adapting national performance reporting standards to our regional setting. Methods: We linked 2014-2016 Washington State cancer registry records with Medicare and commercial insurance claims, capturing about 70% of the state’s cancer patients. A consortium of payers, oncology providers, and patients selected metrics from na

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Quinn, Matthew. "Australia – how do we compare as an exploration destination?" APPEA Journal 59, no. 1 (2019): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj18044.

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A country’s competitiveness as a destination to conduct oil and gas exploration and production operations can be assessed through analysis of key metrics including discovered volumes, new field wildcat success rate, average field size, discovered volumes per new field wildcat, fiscal terms, sanctity of contract, regulatory burden and civil society risk. When compared globally, Australia ranks very high for aboveground risk factors, well for discovered volumes and discovered volumes per new field wildcat but sits towards the lower end of the dataset for fiscal terms. When assigning each metric

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Watkins, Lanier, and John S. Hurley. "The Next Generation of Scientific-Based Risk Metrics." International Journal of Cyber Warfare and Terrorism 6, no. 3 (2016): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijcwt.2016070104.

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One of the major challenges to an organization achieving a certain level of preparedness to “effectively” combat existing and future cyber threats and vulnerabilities is its ability to ensure the security and reliability of its networks. Most of the existing efforts are quantitative, by nature, and limited solely to the networks and systems of the organization. It would be unfair to not acknowledge that for sure some progress has been achieved in the way that organizations, as a whole, are now positioning themselves to address the threats (GAO 2012). Unfortunately, so have the skill sets and r

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Agarwal, Vinod, James V. Koch, and Robert M. McNab. "Differing Views of Lodging Reality: Airdna, STR, and Airbnb." Cornell Hospitality Quarterly 60, no. 3 (2018): 193–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1938965518777218.

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Airbnb is an Internet-based firm that connects potential short-term renters with hosts who own or control rental properties. Its rapidly expanding activities are tracked by Airdna, an independent firm that generates seemingly conventional performance metrics describing Airbnb. These metrics include occupancy rates, average daily rates, and revenue per available room. However, Airdna does not adhere to long-established STR definitions for these variables. Using data from Virginia Beach, Virginia, we demonstrate that Airdna’s performance metrics exhibit notable upward biases vis-á-vis STR’s metr

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CROUCH, EDMUND A., DAVID LaBARRE, NEAL J. GOLDEN, JANELL R. KAUSE, and KERRY L. DEARFIELD. "Application of Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessments for Estimation of Risk Management Metrics: Clostridium perfringens in Ready-to-Eat and Partially Cooked Meat and Poultry Products as an Example†." Journal of Food Protection 72, no. 10 (2009): 2151–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-72.10.2151.

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The U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food Safety and Inspection Service is exploring quantitative risk assessment methodologies to incorporate the use of the Codex Alimentarius' newly adopted risk management metrics (e.g., food safety objectives and performance objectives). It is suggested that use of these metrics would more closely tie the results of quantitative microbial risk assessments (QMRAs) to public health outcomes. By estimating the food safety objective (the maximum frequency and/or concentration of a hazard in a food at the time of consumption) and the performance objective (the ma

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Erlandson, Kristine M., Thomas G. Travison, Hao Zhu, et al. "Application of Selected Muscle Strength and Body Mass Cut Points for the Diagnosis of Sarcopenia in Men and Women With or at Risk for HIV Infection." Journals of Gerontology: Series A 75, no. 7 (2020): 1338–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glaa083.

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Abstract Background Persons with HIV may experience greater mobility limitations than uninfected populations. Accurate tools are needed to identify persons at greatest risk of decline. We evaluated the performance of novel muscle weakness metrics (grip, grip/body mass index [BMI], grip/weight, grip/total body fat, grip/arm lean mass) and association with slowness and falls in older persons with or at risk for HIV infection as part of the work of the Sarcopenia Definitions and Outcomes Consortium (SDOC). Methods We assessed the prevalence of sarcopenia among 398 men (200 HIV+, 198 HIV−) from th

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Kelley, Mireille E., Jillian E. Urban, Derek A. Jones, et al. "Analysis of longitudinal head impact exposure and white matter integrity in returning youth football players." Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics 28, no. 2 (2021): 196–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2021.1.peds20586.

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OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to characterize changes in head impact exposure (HIE) across multiple football seasons and to determine whether changes in HIE correlate with changes in imaging metrics in youth football players. METHODS On-field head impact data and pre- and postseason imaging data, including those produced by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), were collected from youth football athletes with at least two consecutive seasons of data. ANCOVA was used to evaluate HIE variations (number of impacts, peak linear and rotational accelerations, and risk-weighted cumulative expos

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Tong, Barry, Hala Borno, Fern Alagala, et al. "Streamlining the genetics pipeline to increase testing for patients at risk for hereditary prostate cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 6_suppl (2021): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.6_suppl.66.

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66 Background: At UCSF, ~850 men with metastatic prostate cancer are seen annually, all of whom should receive germline genetic testing. Prior to our study, the GU medical oncology program offered a self-pay, take-home genetic testing kit (30-gene panel) to patients with metastatic prostate cancer. Patients with positive test results were referred for genetic counseling. For this study, the UCSF Cancer Genetics and Prevention program partnered with the GU medical oncology program, adapting a Genetic Testing Station (GTS) to expand access and accommodate testing needs. At Prostate GTS, a geneti

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Hammerl, Marlene, Michaela Zagler, Martina Zimmermann, et al. "Supratentorial Brain Metrics Predict Neurodevelopmental Outcome in Very Preterm Infants without Brain Injury at Age 2 Years." Neonatology 117, no. 3 (2020): 287–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000506836.

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<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Very preterm infants are at risk for adverse neurodevelopmental outcome. To better identify children without brain injury at risk for developmental sequelae, we assessed predictive values of supratentorial brain metrics in relation to outcome. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Very preterm infants underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at term-equivalent age. Infants with any grade of supra- or infratentorial brain injury according to Kidokoro et al. [Pediatrics 2014;134:e444–53] were excluded. Supratentorial brain metrics (b

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Clift, Ashley K., Erwann Le Lannou, Christian P. Tighe, et al. "Development and Validation of Risk Scores for All-Cause Mortality for a Smartphone-Based “General Health Score” App: Prospective Cohort Study Using the UK Biobank." JMIR mHealth and uHealth 9, no. 2 (2021): e25655. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/25655.

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Background Given the established links between an individual’s behaviors and lifestyle factors and potentially adverse health outcomes, univariate or simple multivariate health metrics and scores have been developed to quantify general health at a given point in time and estimate risk of negative future outcomes. However, these health metrics may be challenging for widespread use and are unlikely to be successful at capturing the broader determinants of health in the general population. Hence, there is a need for a multidimensional yet widely employable and accessible way to obtain a comprehen

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Karlsgodt, Katherine H. "Using Advanced Diffusion Metrics to Probe White Matter Microstructure in Individuals at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis." American Journal of Psychiatry 176, no. 10 (2019): 777–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2019.19080808.

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Vaniqui, A., R. Canters, F. Vaassen, et al. "PD-0303: Plan quality assessment for rectal cancer patients using prediction of organ-at-risk dose metrics." Radiotherapy and Oncology 152 (November 2020): S156—S157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8140(21)00327-3.

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Smith, Jennifer, Birinder Praneet Purewal, Alison Macpherson, and Ian Pike. "Metrics to assess injury prevention programs for young workers in high-risk occupations: a scoping review of the literature." Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada 38, no. 5 (2018): 191–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.24095/hpcdp.38.5.01.

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Introduction Despite legal protections for young workers in Canada, youth aged 15–24 are at high risk of traumatic occupational injury. While many injury prevention initiatives targeting young workers exist, the challenge faced by youth advocates and employers is deciding what aspect(s) of prevention will be the most effective focus for their efforts. A review of the academic and grey literatures was undertaken to compile the metrics—both the indicators being evaluated and the methods of measurement—commonly used to assess injury prevention programs for young workers. Metrics are standards of

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Churová, Vendula, Roman Vyškovský, Kateřina Maršálová, David Kudláček, and Daniel Schwarz. "Anomaly Detection Algorithm for Real-World Data and Evidence in Clinical Research: Implementation, Evaluation, and Validation Study." JMIR Medical Informatics 9, no. 5 (2021): e27172. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/27172.

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Background Statistical analysis, which has become an integral part of evidence-based medicine, relies heavily on data quality that is of critical importance in modern clinical research. Input data are not only at risk of being falsified or fabricated, but also at risk of being mishandled by investigators. Objective The urgent need to assure the highest data quality possible has led to the implementation of various auditing strategies designed to monitor clinical trials and detect errors of different origin that frequently occur in the field. The objective of this study was to describe a machin

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Advani, Sonali D., and Mohamad G. Fakih. "The evolution of catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI): Is it time for more inclusive metrics?" Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 40, no. 6 (2019): 681–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2019.43.

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AbstractCatheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) has long been considered a preventable healthcare-associated infection. Many federal agencies, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), and public and private healthcare organizations have implemented strategies aimed at preventing CAUTIs. To monitor progress in CAUTI prevention, the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) CAUTI metric has been adopted nationally as the primary outcome measure and has been refined over the past decades. However, this surveillance metric may underestimate infectious and noninfectious cat

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Jordan, Sumanas W., Matthew A. Corriere, Carla Y. Vossen, Frits R. Rosendaal, and Elliot L. Chaikof. "Flow-simulated thrombin generation profiles as a predictor of thrombotic risk among pre-menopausal women." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 108, no. 08 (2012): 258–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1160/th12-02-0098.

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SummaryA large number of individuals are at risk for deep venous thrombosis (DVT) due to alterations in multiple coagulation factors and inhibitors secondary to malignancy, drug interactions, or other general medical conditions. Traditional metrics of haemostasis such as prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, and bleeding time, generally estimate anticoagulation status and bleeding risk rather than thrombosis risk. The objective of this study was to correlate a novel, systems-based metric of clotting potential to risk of DVT from a database derived from the Leiden Thrombophilia Study (

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Starr, Thomas B., and Gary M. Marsh. "Methodological Challenges in the Statistical Analysis of Epidemiology Studies: use of Average Exposure Metrics in Historical Cohort Designs." Open Medicine Journal 3, no. 1 (2016): 238–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874220301603010238.

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An important methodological challenge in the analysis of historical occupational cohort data is choosing the most appropriate metric for the average exposure of the workers under study. We describe and illustrate the many issues associated with this challenge using a recent re-analysis by Kopylev [1] of lung cancer mortality in the National Cancer Institute (NCI) acrylonitrile cohort study. Kopylev proposed the routine use of both Average Exposure and Average Intensity when analyzing epidemiological cohort data. However, due to the methodological issues that arise with these metrics, we have c

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