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Southwick, Carla. "The Risk of the Female Athlete Triad in Collegiate Athletes and Non-Athletes." DigitalCommons@USU, 2008. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/66.
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Prior research has found the female athlete triad in both female athletes and female non-athletes. This study consisted of 192 female participants attending Utah State University with 103 collegiate athletes and 89 non-athletes. The instruments used included the EAT-26, menstrual cycle history questionnaire, osteoporosis questionnaire, and time spent in exercise questionnaire. Results from the present study found a statistically significant difference between athletes and non-athletes being at risk for the triad with female athletes having a higher percentage (4.8%, 3.4%). No statistical significant correlation was found between the risk of the triad and excessive amounts of time spent in exercise in athletes (r=.113, p=.256) and non-athletes (r=-.041, p=.706). When athletes were divided into lean and non-lean athletes statistical significance was found with non-lean (17.4%) sport athletes (χ²(1,N=103)=83.971, p<.01) having a higher overall percentage of being at risk of the triad compared to the athletes involved in lean (5%) sports.
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Whyte, Megan. "Glycemic Control in a Type I Diabetic Athlete: Recommendations for Athletic Trainers in Management, Athlete Care, and Performance." Scholarly Commons, 2019. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/3605.
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Type I diabetes in athletes is a relatively rare condition and as a certified athletic trainer it is critical to know how to manage all aspects of this disease in an athlete. Current National Athletic Trainers’ Association (NATA) guidelines exist for developing a basic plan for management and care of an athlete with Type I Diabetes, but there is room to improve current guidelines, using evidence-based practice. Purpose: to address: medical management of a type I diabetic athlete as a case study, obtain first person observations from the athlete’s perspective, and provide additional evidence based practice recommendations to athletic trainers based on the findings. Methods: case study narrative with one subject, a 22-year-old male collegiate soccer player was performed. Data were collected via open-ended questionnaire, open-ended interview, and subject’s submission of pertinent medical information and records. Results: The NATA Position Statement on Type I Diabetes and other peer review articles informed this study. While NATA guidelines created a good general baseline for how to approach providing diabetic athlete care; additional recommendations are suggested based on the findings of this case study. These recommendations include: Creating safe pre-participation blood glucose ranges to prevent hypoglycemia during exercise, establishing greater knowledge about the technology the patient uses, what medical supplies the patient should be responsible for versus the athletic trainer, developing a relationship with the patient’s endocrinologist or primary care physician, and administration of insulin by an athletic trainer. These additional suggested recommendations inform athletic trainers to attain a better understanding of how to manage and care for a patient with Type I Diabetes, and increase the likelihood of both streamlining patient care and preventing metabolic crisis.
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Harris, Laura L. "Psychological impact of injury : changes in athletic training students' perceptions of the collegiate athlete /." The Ohio State University, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1302016507.
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Cloete, Carolette. "Respiratory health of the endurance athlete : prevalence of respiratory related conditions/illnesses in endurance athletes." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/18234.
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Includes bibliographical references (pages 97-102).Background: Endurance athletes, in particular triathletes and ultra-distance runners, undergo high volumes of intense training in preparation for events. There is recent epidemiological evidence that the respiratory tract is the most common system affected by illness in athletes during tournaments. Respiratory tract symptoms have also been shown to affect endurance athletes particularly in the post- event period. However, the prevalence of respiratory related illnesses including respiratory tract symptoms, asthma, and allergies in the pre-race period has not been well studied in endurance athletes. Objective: The main aims of this dissertation were 1) to review the existing literature focussing on the epidemiology, pathogenesis, possible aetiology and management of respiratory tract symptoms, asthma and allergies in athletes, and 2) to conduct an investigation to determine the pre-event period prevalence (6 weeks and 1 week before an event) and nature of respiratory tract symptoms, asthma and allergies in Ironman triathletes and ultra-distance runners. Methods: In the first part of the dissertation, a review of the literature pertaining to respiratory tract symptoms and illness was undertaken. In the second part of the dissertation, a cross-sectional descriptive study was undertaken in 441 triathletes entering the 2006 and 2007 Ironman Triathlon, and 152 ultra- distance runners in the 2009 Two Oceans Ultra-marathon. In the 1 to 3 days before the race (registration period), participants were requested to complete a validated pre-event medical questionnaire containing sections on demographics, training and previous competition, common medical conditions and detailed sections on respiratory symptoms in the 6 weeks and 1 week period before the race, as well as asthma and allergies experienced. Respiratory symptoms were divided into upper respiratory tract symptoms (URTS), lower respiratory tract symptoms (LRTS) and systemic symptoms (SS). All data obtained regarding these respiratory related illnesses were compared between the triathlete group and the ultra- distance runners. Results: The main findings in the experimental section of the dissertation were that 1) triathletes trained significantly more hours in the 6 weeks and 1 week before an event than ultra-distance runners, 2) the period prevalence (6 weeks before the race) of respiratory tract symptoms was 50% of triathletes and 35% of ultra-distance runners, 3) upper respiratory tract symptoms and particularly nasal symptoms (nasal congestion and rhinorrhoea) were significantly more common in triathletes (21 to 27%) in comparison with ultra-distance runners (12 to 17%), 4) systemic symptoms (especially pyrexia) were significantly more common in ultra-distance runners in the 1 week before an event (9.2 vs. 2.4%), 5) the point prevalence of self-reported asthma was low in both study groups (ultra-distance runners 3.4% and triathletes 8.3%) although symptoms of dry cough, wheezing, shortness of breath and "tight" chest were reported by 25 to 80% of athletes in both study populations, 6) in most cases the diagnosis of asthma was made by means of history taking and a physical examination by a physician, 7) majority of triathletes used beta 2-agonists only as the treatment of choice for asthma symptoms, while ultra-distance runners used combinations of corticosteroids and beta 2-agonist inhalers as first line treatment, 8) allergies were reported by 34% of triathletes and 22.3% of ultra-distance runners, 9) most allergic symptoms in both study groups were confined to the upper respiratory tract with hay fever ranging from 77 to 83% and sinusitis 55 to 64.2%, and 10) the most common medication used for allergies by triathletes and ultra- distance runners, were anti-histamine tablets. Conclusion: There is a high period prevalence of respiratory symptoms in triathletes and ultra-distance runners in the 6 weeks before an endurance event. Triathletes had a significantly higher prevalence of upper respiratory tract symptoms (especially nasal symptoms) in comparison to ultra-distance runners, which might be related to allergies and a higher training volume. There also appears to be a lack in proper diagnostic evaluation of asthma in these endurance athletes with suboptimal and improper treatment of asthma and allergies. Approximately 10% of ultra-distance runners had systemic symptoms in the week before the event, indicating a lack of athlete education on possible risks of exercising with a systemic illness.
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Cummings, Sarah G. "Exploring the Experiences of the Certified Athletic Trainer and the Athlete Post-Surgery." The University of Montana, 2009. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-08212008-110550/.
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Tabone, Brenda. "Knowledge and awareness of the Female Athlete Triad among female collegiate athletes at California State University, Long Beach." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1523049.
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The Female Athlete Triad is a syndrome defined by disordered eating, amenorrhea, and osteoporosis seen in female athletes. This directed project presented the assessment of knowledge and the importance of education among female athletes regarding the Female Athlete Triad. The researcher worked with the athletic department and the female athletes at California State University, Long Beach. A quantitative study, quasi-experimental, one-group design was completed. A one-group pretest- posttest was used on 45 female athletes to evaluate their knowledge base before and after the educational intervention.
Results indicated a significant increase in the athletes' scores for knowledge of the Female Athlete Triad between the pretest and posttest ( p < .01). The increase in scores signified that a 1-hour education session improved the knowledge base for the female athletes of the Female Athlete Triad. A major recommendation would be to include coaches, trainers, and parents in the educational process.
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Rennolds, Jessica L. "Impact of an Educational Intervention on Female Athlete Triad Knowledge in Female Collegiate Athletes." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1404942957.
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Allison, R. "The impact of vitamin D status upon markers of athlete health." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2017. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/7861/.
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Introduction: At present there is a pandemic of low serum vitamin D (25[OH]D) concentration, partly due to a lack of sun exposure (the primary route for synthesis) and modern lifestyle choices. The bioactive form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25[OH]2D3) exerts its biological activity by binding to the vitamin D receptor (VDR). These receptors play a central role in the biological actions of vitamin D and are expressed in nearly every tissue and cell type in the body (M. Holick, 2007). Vitamin D deficiency is widespread within many general and athletic populations and associated with a number of detrimental health conditions, including a long-term impact on cardiovascular health (M. Holick, 2007; Larson-Meyer & Willis, 2010; Pittas, Lau, Hu, & Dawson-Hughes, 2007), and the aetiology of osteomalacia and osteoporosis (M. F. Holick, 2009). Given the prevalence and potential negative morbidity associated with deficiency (Larson-Meyer & Willis, 2010), regular vitamin D testing has been recommended as part of routine athlete screening. Current literature shows inconsistent associations between vitamin D status and bone mineral density and cardiac health; (Bischoff-Ferrari, Kiel, et al., 2009; Marwaha et al., 2011) particularly in racial minorities and athletic populations. Whilst it is considered that athletes should have ‘sufficient’ vitamin D concentrations, the exact value to ‘optimise’ health is equivocal. Finally, there appears to be a ‘paradoxical relationship’ between ethnicity and vitamin D concentration, that has largely been ignored, i.e. blacks generally present with the lowest vitamin D concentrations but the greatest bone mineral density (BMD) and reduced risk of fracture (Cauley et al., 2005). Vitamin D–binding protein (DBP) may account for observed racial differences in manifestations of vitamin D (Powe et al., 2013). To date, research on vitamin D status in athletes has overlooked DBP. Whilst there are data that support the associations between vitamin D and markers of bone and cardiac health in the general population, definitive relationships in the athletic population are yet to be established. Therefore, the aim of this thesis was to examine the relationship between vitamin D and measures of bone mass and cardiac structure and function within a large, ethnically diverse cohort of healthy athletes, with a focus to the role of DBP in determining racial differences in bioavailable levels. Studies 1. Oral vs. Intramuscular Vitamin D Supplementation for Treating Insufficient Athletes 2. No Association between Vitamin D Deficiency and Markers of Bone Mass in Athletes 3. No Association between Vitamin D Status and Markers of Bone Mass in Non-Weight Bearing Athletes 4. Why don’t serum Vitamin D concentrations associate with BMD by DXA? A case of being ‘bound’ to the wrong assay? Implications for Vitamin D screening 5. Severely Vitamin D-Deficient Athletes Present Smaller Hearts than Sufficient Athletes Methodical overview Male athletes registered with the Qatar Olympic Committee (QOC) presented for pre-competition medical assessment at Aspetar Sports Medicine Hospital, Qatar. All athletes completed a vitamin D questionnaire that included questions specifically related to country of origin, sporting discipline, skin type, self-reported exposure to daily sunlight, use of sunscreen, dietary supplements and/or medication, and an assessment of skin colour. All individuals undertook bone densitometry and body composition analysis by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA; Osteocore III, Perols, France, version 5.22b). Venous blood samples were collected from athletes following an overnight fast and was analysed for PTH, calcium, albumin and serum 25[OH]D. Athletes were split into four 25[OH]D categories; severely deficient (< 10 ng/mL), deficient (10–20 ng/mL), insufficient (20–30 ng/mL), or sufficient (>30 ng/mL). Serum vitamin D binding protein (DBP) concentrations (μg/mL) were determined using a commercially available kit (R&D Systems, UK). Free, bioavailable, and DBP-bound 25[OH]D were calculated using equations from supplementary material of (Powe et al., 2013). Lastly, all individuals assessed for family history of cardiovascular disease and personal symptoms, with a physical examination, 12-lead electrocardiogram and an echocardiogram. Results The key findings from the thesis are 1) serum 25[OH]D concentrations are not associated with markers of bone mass 2) bioavailable vitamin D is a better preceptor of BMD that serum 25[OH]D concentration and 3) severely 25[OH]D deficient athletes present with smaller cardiac structure that sufficient athletes. Conclusion In a healthy, ethnically diverse athletic population, there is no relationship between serum 25[OH]D concentration and makers of bone mass, regardless of sporting type and that bioavailable vitamin D is a better predictor of bone mineral density. Suggesting that our chosen method of assessment may not be appropriate to identify true deficiencies. Systematic screening to determine 25[OH]D concentrations is expensive, and demonstrates a poor relationship to bone mass in an ethnically diverse athletic population. It can be argued that vitamin D testing should be reserved for the symptomatic athlete (i.e. musculoskeletal injury, REDs). In turn, prophylactic vitamin D supplementation (2000IU/d D3) to ‘correct’ insufficient athletes with normal bone health can be questioned, since supplementation recommendations are based on a measure that is not associated with bone health. Severely 25[OH]D deficient athletes present with smaller (< 10 ng/ml) presented significantly smaller cardiac structures than insufficient (20–30 ng/ml) and sufficient (>30 ng/ml) athletes. The precise mechanism(s) causing this cardiac hypertrophy (or in our case, lack of hypertrophy) in the 25[OH]D-deficient state remains unclear. Clinically low vitamin D concentrations are detrimental to aspects of health that influence athletic performance. Therefore, the widespread prevalence of low serum 25[OH]D concentrations should not be ignored. However, vitamin D metabolism is a rapidly evolving field, with the prospect of a more complete picture of this complex endocrine system becoming ever so closer. The challenge for future research is to determine ethnically specific concentration ranges and evidenced based guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of ‘true’ vitamin D deficiency and its impact on athlete health and performance.
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Jenkins, Jaime La Farr. "A gendered perspective on the examination of relational health, stress and coping, and athlete satisfaction among female college athletes." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0012701.
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Brown, Katie Nicole. "Nutrition Education to Minimize Health Risk: Approaches for Teaching College Students and Female High School Athletes." DigitalCommons@USU, 2013. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1474.
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Adolescence is a time of increased control over food choices and dietary practices. Participating in high school sports or attending college presents unique nutritional concerns and health risks. Some female high school athletes have low energy availability (consuming inadequate calories to compensate for exercise energy expenditure), which can result in menstrual dysfunction, bone loss, and injury, also known as the female athlete triad (Triad). College students who consume diets low in fruits and vegetables and high in fast food are at increased risk for weight gain, chronic disease, and some cancers.
Nutrition education interventions that were tailored to the participants' unique nutritional concerns yielded positive results such as increased Triad knowledge among female high school athletes and increased self-efficacy and readiness to change dietary behaviors among college students. Peer-led education was preferred by college students, but not by high school students.
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Schimek, Regina Louise. "Does Relative Energy in Sport Undermine Bone Health?" Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/31883.
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Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S) is a term expanded from the female athlete triad the is inclusive to males and females and the negative physiological symptoms impacting athlete health and performance from low energy availability. Bone health is one of the ten health consequences of RED-S. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate RED-S in female and male collegiate athletes and determine if there is an association with bone health. Thirteen participants completed an electronic survey containing the LEAF-Q and EAT-26, a three-day food diary and exercise log, and a DXA scan. Energy intake and exercise expenditure was analyzed using an ESHA food analysis processor. Participants at risk for RED-S had higher occurrences of injuries (p<0.022) and lower Z-scores (p<0.063) than those not at risk for RED-S. In conclusion, athletes at risk for RED-S may have higher occurrences of injuries and lower bone mineral density.
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Pinheiro, Amanda Emily Pinheiro. "The Relationship of Bone Density and Body Composition Between Student Athletes and a Non-Student Athlete Population." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1523273874020281.
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Hesson, Chet. "Using Student-Athlete Experience To Predict Mental Well-being." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1530543277648681.
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Swanson, Heather M. "EVALUATION OF A DIVISION I MID-MAJOR UNIVERSITY’S STUDENT-ATHLETE MENTAL HEALTH PROGRAM." Scholarly Commons, 2021. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/3732.
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The following executive summary provides high level findings of a student-athlete mental health program (SAMHP) at a National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I mid-major university. Various elements of the SAMHP were evaluated to create a well-rounded understanding of the program to determine sustainability, goals, and stakeholder expectations. Findings from this study provided insight on stakeholder needs, program successes, and implications for program improvements.
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Pedersen, Erik J. "The College Student Athlete and Alcohol: A Study of the Student Athlete Use and Abuse of Alcohol Consumption." Marietta College / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=marietta1177596564.
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Howat, Edward G. "Factors Influencing Student-athlete Choice of Institution." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 1999. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2923.
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The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that influenced prospective student-athletes to attend East Tennessee State University. Using a qualitative research design, interviews were conducted with 36 freshman scholarship student-athletes. Participants represented student-athletes from each sport. A literature review covered the history of intercollegiate athletics, the history of recruiting student-athletes, the process of recruiting student-athletes, and the decline of public perception towards intercollegiate athletics. Results from the interviews were analyzed using inductive analysis. Patterns, themes, and categories of analysis emerged from the data. The data from the interviews were then unitized and categorized. The categorized units were used to formulate grounded theory. The computer software package QSR NUD.IST 4.0 was used for analyzing the data. Results showed that the ETSU campus personnel were the most influential to prospective student-athletes in deciding to attend East Tennessee State University. The coaching staff at ETSU was mentioned by 27 (75%) of the interviewees. Other ETSU campus personnel were mentioned by 18 (50%) of the interviewees. Finally, current team members were mentioned by 16 (44%) of the interviewees. Facilities located at ETSU were also influential to prospective student-athletes. The dormitories were mentioned by 16 (44%) interviewees. The recently renovated athletics weight room was mentioned by 12 (33%) interviewees. Finally, the Memorial Center was mentioned by 10 (28%) of the interviewees as being influential in the decision-making process. Lastly, 15 (42%) of the interviewees mentioned their academic interests were best served by attending East Tennessee State University. The Quillen College of Medicine was a big factor to several interviewees. The reputation of the College of Business was important to a couple of prospective student-athletes. Also, many interviewees mentioned that the size of the university was influential to them academically. There were eight recommendations that emerged from the study. The first is that the ETSU coaching staff should continue to be heavily involved in the recruiting process. Secondly, the coaching staff should recognize that prospective student-athletes find the people at ETSU very helpful and friendly. Prospects should meet as many people on campus as possible. The third involves the information sent to prospects in the form of letters. A series of letters should be developed to highlight the strengths of ETSU, to include: the academic strengths of ETSU, the dormitories, the coaching staff, the athletic facilities, the newly constructed library, the Trip-Cities area, the Southern Conference, the recent success of the individual athletic programs, and the strength of schedule. The fourth is scheduling official visits during times the current team members are on campus. The fifth includes scheduling tours of the athletics facilities, to include a visit to the weight room. The sixth is athletic programs that have experienced recent success should highlight this success as much as possible to prospective student-athletes. The seventh is for the coaching staffs to determine the academic interests of the prospects early in the recruiting process. The last recommendation is that all female prospects tour Luntsford Apartments during the official visits.
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McDade, Mary Lynne. "A COMPARISON OF PERCEPTIONS OF ATHLETIC DIRECTORS AND STUDENT-ATHLETES ON THE COLLEGIATE LEVEL REGARDING EATING DISORDERS." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1342136847.
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Friesen, Andrew. "Holistic sport psychology: Incorporating the holistic growth of the athlete within a consultant's professional philosophy." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27684.
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The present qualitative study aimed to explore the integration of holistic athlete development into sport psychology service delivery. Using the framework of professional philosophy from Poczwardowski, Sherman, and Ravizza (2004), five holistic sport psychology consultants were interviewed about their service delivery. Five athletes were also interviewed about their experiences working with these consultants. Deductive and inductive content analyses (Patton, 2002) were used to examine the data collected. Results offer three perspectives as to the meaning of holistic sport psychology: (a) Managing environmental effects from non-sport domains to the athlete's performance; (b) developing the individual beyond the athlete; and (c) recognizing the dynamic relationship between an athlete's mental, emotional, physiological states, and their behaviour. Themes from the consultants' beliefs, values, theoretical paradigms to behaviour change, models of practice, roles, operating standards, intervention goals, and intervention techniques and methods are also presented and discussed within the context of various service delivery topics.
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Galante, Marina E. "COMPARING DRUNKOREXIA ACROSS ATHLETES AND NON-ATHLETES." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1436474880.
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Baker, Frank W. Jr. "Mental Toughness: Effect on Factors Associated with Injury and Illness in Adolescent Athletes." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1407271208.
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Lever, Katie. "Portion Control: An Examination of Organizational Control and Male Athlete Eating Disorders." TopSCHOLAR®, 2018. https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/2575.
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Eating disorders (EDs) are strikingly common among American adults. Past research has indicated that athletes in general are particularly vulnerable to developing EDs due to media pressure, athletic drive, and the population’s proclivity to perfectionism. Most ED research, both in athletic and non-athletic populations, is female-focused, as women are more likely to develop EDs. However, men are still susceptible to develop EDs and are understudied.
Links between lack of autonomy and EDs exist in familial settings, but have yet to be applied in organizational settings. This quantitative thesis sought to bridge a research gap by assessing ED levels in male NCAA Division 1 athletes and examining the relationships with perceived levels of concertive, institutional, and simple control present in athletic settings. Findings indicated that although athletes perceived different forms of control in their sport, these forms of control did not negatively affect their eating habits. Implications and direction for future research are explored.
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Gunnink, Abigail M. "A Cross-Sectional Study of Student-Athlete Needs Satisfaction and Well-Being." PDXScholar, 2014. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1985.
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Grounded in self-determination theory (Deci & Ryan, 2000), the purpose of this study was to examine (a) the effects of the social environment, as defined by the divisions of the Department of Athletics, on student-athletes' perceptions of basic needs satisfaction, (b) the effects of basic needs satisfaction on well-being, and (c) the effects of time demands, during in-season and off-season, on well-being, among student-athletes at Portland State University (PSU). Participants were student-athletes at PSU (n = 118). The participants completed a multi-section survey assessing basic needs satisfaction and well-being. Cumulative mean scores highlighted the satisfaction of the basic psychological needs as an indicator of positive well-being. The satisfaction of the need for competence emerged as the most important predictor of well-being. In-season time demands may contribute to a lower degree of well-being. The findings suggest that particular aspects of the social environment may be relevant for nurturing the basic psychological needs. The results also emphasize the importance of satisfying the three basic psychological needs in order to create an atmosphere that contributes to positive well-being.
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Killer, Sophie C. "Nutrition and hydration implications for trained athletes." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2014. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/16162.
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Lifestyle choices threaten to compromise health and performance of trained athletes. This thesis presents a series of studies which broadly investigated the impact of nutritional and physical challenges to human health and performance. The potential causes and effects of fluid imbalances on physical health, immune function and athletic performance were investigated. Certain populations experience chronic low-level hypohydration and athletes often fail to rehydrate sufficiently between exercise sessions. The long-term implications of hypohydration are not fully understood, but are suggested to be associated with chronic disease. In this thesis, maintenance of fluid balance was observed in healthy males, despite a caffeine intervention thought to cause diuresis. Furthermore, when mild hypohydration was induced by 24-h fluid restriction, there was little impact on mucosal immunity during endurance exercise compared with euhydration. The impact of intensified training (IT) on the physical, mental, hormonal and immunological status of well-trained athletes was investigated. A performance-specific nutritional intervention was implemented to investigate the effects of nutrient availability during prolonged exercise training sessions. Phases of IT are a regular feature of a periodised training programme. However, an imbalance between training and recovery can have significant implications for long-term athletic performance and general wellbeing. Changes in neuroendocrine, neurobiological and mucosal immune function were observed during IT and some potential markers of overreaching and were identified. Further research is required before practical application of these markers can be used effectively in the field. A relatively short period of IT resulted in significant disruptions to mood state and sleep quality. Minor changes in exercise performance were observed. Markers of overreaching were highly individual, as were responses to training.
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Pagorek, Stacey. "PREVALENCE OF SPORTS-RELATED STRESS URINARY INCONTINENCE IN THE FEMALE COLLEGIATE ATHLETE." UKnowledge, 2019. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/rehabsci_etds/57.
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Urinary incontinence is a health condition that is associated with involuntary leakage of urine. Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) describes involuntary leakage of urine on effort or exertion and can impact one’s ability to participate in activities and affect quality of life. Furthermore, clinical management of this health condition is challenging as individuals who experience urinary incontinence often do not report this concern to a health care provider.
Stress urinary incontinence is not typically a health concern associated with young, healthy athletes. However, researchers have begun to examine the presence of this health condition amongst both a younger population and in athletes. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to assess the prevalence of stress urinary incontinence in collegiate female athletes.
This study involved the development of an electronic survey tool to assess the prevalence of SUI in the female collegiate athlete. Female collegiate athletes from six different NCAA Division I schools were asked to complete the survey. The overall response rate for the survey was 32.6% (333/1020). Results indicate that SUI does in fact occur in NCAA Division I collegiate female athletes. Overall, 68.5% of female collegiate athletes surveyed reported ever experiencing SUI. During daily life activities (cough, sneeze, laugh), 54.2% of female collegiate athletes reported experiencing SUI. During participation in their sport, 40.0% of female collegiate athletes reported experiencing SUI, referred to as sports-related SUI. When reporting SUI experienced during either sport participation or during other exercise-based activities, 58.2% of female collegiate athletes reported SUI.
The proportion of female athletes reporting sports-related SUI varied by sport. The highest prevalence of leakage in sport was reported by gymnasts (80%) and the lowest prevalence was reported by those who participated in rifle (0%). Over half (52.3%) of female athletes who reported sports-related SUI said their symptoms first began in high school. While majority of female collegiate athletes stated they did not avoid their sport because of SUI, one-fifth (20.5%) of athletes with sports-related SUI reported they alter how they move in their sport out of concern for leakage. The impact of sports-related SUI on other aspects of life (family, social, or school life) were reported to be minimal.
Athletes who experience sports-related SUI are most likely to tell either a teammate (49%) or no one (36%). Very few female athletes have told someone in healthcare about this concern: doctor (3%), athletic trainer (4%); physical therapist (1%). Furthermore, only 3% of female collegiate athlete with sports-related SUI reported ever seeking treatment and only 25.8% reported they would find value in seeing a healthcare provider to discuss SUI. Most (76.7%) female collegiate athletes, whether they reported SUI or not, stated they had never been instructed on exercises to strengthen the pelvic floor muscles and 60.6% reported they would find educational programs involving exercises to decrease or prevent SUI beneficial.
In conclusion, SUI does occur in the female collegiate athlete and is often not reported to healthcare providers. Based on this information, the general practice of screening athletes for relevant health conditions during pre-participation physicals may need to include additional questions for SUI. Further investigation needs to explore how to best engage and educate female collegiate athletes on the subject of SUI and how to successfully communicate with and address those with the condition.
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Rockwell, Michelle S. "Vitamin D in Human Health and Performance: The Pursuit of Evidence-Based Practice in an Era of Scientific Uncertainty." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/93168.
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Background: Calciferol (vitamin D) is an essential nutrient that can be synthesized in the skin upon exposure to ultraviolet-B (UVB) light, or obtained through dietary and supplement sources. Traditionally known for its role in bone metabolism, vitamin D is currently described as a pleiotropic hormone with genomic and non-genomic roles in most body tissues. Clinical practice guidelines related to vitamin D are inconsistent and controversial. The purpose of this dissertation was to describe current patterns of vitamin D-related clinical care in a variety of settings, and to evaluate the impact of vitamin D supplements on the health and performance of collegiate athletes, a group with high prevalence of low vitamin D (LVD).
Methods: This dissertation consists of five studies: 1) a scoping review of the health services literature related to clinical management of vitamin D; 2) a retrospective analysis of clinical care following non-indicated vitamin D testing using electronic health record (EHR) data from a regional health system; 3) a survey study to assess vitamin D-related practices among National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I programs; 4) an open clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy of a specific vitamin D supplement protocol in treating collegiate basketball athletes with LVD; and 5) a randomized, double-blind clinical trial to determine health and performance effects of vitamin D supplements in collegiate swimmers participating in fall season training.
Results: Substantial inconsistency in vitamin D-related care was observed throughout the first three studies. Exponential increases in vitamin D testing and treatment, and associated costs, were identified in the U.S. and several other countries. A high proportion of this care was considered non-indicated (i.e., counter to professional guidelines). A lower rate of non-indicated vitamin D-related services was conducted within the health system we studied, but a cascade of low value services followed non-indicated vitamin D testing. Vitamin D testing was regularly performed by more than 65% of NCAA programs. In basketball athletes, 10 weeks of daily vitamin D3 supplements (5000 or 10,000 IU based on initial vitamin D status) improved serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], the common biomarker of vitamin D status. In swimmers, a vitamin D supplement protocol (5,000 IU vitamin D3 daily for 12 weeks) was efficacious in attenuating a seasonal decline in 25(OH)D compared with placebo. Swimmers taking vitamin D supplements also showed greater improvements in strength, power, and fat free mass. In both athlete studies, taking vitamin D supplements was associated with higher free testosterone concentration.
Conclusions: The provision of evidence-based care related to vitamin D is complicated by contradictory clinical practice guidelines, resulting in inconsistent and sometimes, non-indicated care. Focused research on specific populations at high-risk for LVD can inform best practices. Our results suggest that taking vitamin D supplements is an efficacious strategy for athletes to improve 25(OH)D, especially when UVB exposure is low, and to enhance strength and power in collegiate swimmers.Ph.D.
Vitamin D is known as the “sunshine vitamin” since it can be synthesized by the human body when exposed to specific wavelengths of ultraviolet-B (UVB) light. Some foods and dietary supplements also contain vitamin D. A relationship between vitamin D and bone health is well-established, but emerging research has also associated vitamin D status with a number of different diseases and health problems, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, autoimmune conditions, and depression. Unfortunately, this research is currently inconclusive, and healthcare providers’ professional guidelines related to vitamin D are highly variable. Thus, providing evidence-based care related to vitamin D is complicated. This dissertation consists of a series of three research studies that describe healthcare providers’ vitamin D-related care considering the uncertain landscape, and two research studies that explore the role of vitamin D in collegiate athletes. We chose athletes since a high proportion of them have deficient or insufficient vitamin D status, and because some research has shown that this low vitamin D status affects athletic performance. Results of these studies showed that vitamin D-related health services such as blood testing have increased dramatically over the past 15 years, as have costs associated with these services. Opportunities to improve consistency and quality of care were observed in multiple settings. In the athlete studies, a high rate of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency was observed among basketball athletes, and we identified vitamin D supplement treatment protocol effective in improving vitamin D status. In addition, swimmers who took vitamin D supplements performed better on strength and conditioning tests than those who took placebo supplements. A favorable relationship between testosterone concentrations and vitamin D status was shown in both basketball athletes and swimmers. Continuing to conduct research focused on specific populations can help healthcare providers develop consistent, high quality, evidence-based care related to vitamin D.
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Grueter, Shannon R. "Predicting Energy Availability in Recreational Athletes." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1460065447.
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Baker, Robert H. "Collegiate Student-Athlete Perceptions of the Impact of Concussion on Academic Performance." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3006.
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The purpose of this qualitative study was to indicate the experiences of collegiate student-athletes in meeting academic demands when experiencing prolonged recovery from concussion and if they perceive a need for academic accommodations. There is a gap in present concussion and an absence of studies that examine if academic accommodations are helpful during concussion recovery. The study was guided by 3 research questions focused on the return to learn during the recovery process. The study was limited to 9 student-athletes currently enrolled at three postsecondary institutions: Christian Brothers University, Rhodes College, and the University of Memphis. The study participants met pre-established criteria for the study, were recruited by their athletic trainer at their respective institution, and voluntarily participated in individual interviews with the researcher or co-interviewer. Through a phenomenological approach, individual interviews were conducted with the participants. Four themes were identified in the data: negative impact on academic performance, academic pressures, inequity of student-athlete treatment, and impact on concentration ability. Each study participant’s story was shared through the data analysis process, and significant statements from the interviews as related to the research questions were included in the data analysis section. Ultimately, the data suggested that future research continue to focus on how student-athletes' recovery from concussion impacts their return to learn process.
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Goodwin, Rena Marie. "SELF-STIGMA, ATTITUDES, AND PREFERENCES WHEN SEEKING MENTAL HEALTH AND SPORT PSYCHOLOGY SERVICES: A STUDENT-ATHLETE POINT OF VIEW." UKnowledge, 2017. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/khp_etds/47.
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This study explored student-athletes’ attitudes, stigmas, and preferences toward mental health and sport psychology services. Previous research has identified that student-athletes report similar rates of distress compared to the general student population (Davoren & Hwang, 2014; Frank, Hautzinger & Beckmann, 2013). While student-athletes are in need of mental health services, previous research has also found that student-athletes can benefit from the use of sport psychology services. Previous research has demonstrated the need to support student-athletes as people, students, and athletes (Andersen, Miles, Robinson, & Mahoney, 2004; Bond, 2002; Friesen & Orlick, 2010; Miller & Kerr, 2002). However, not all athletic departments offer mental health and sport psychology services for their student-athletes. Additionally, student-athletes, coaches, and athletic departments, often stigmatize mental health and sport psychology services which results in underutilization. In order to better understand the need and preferences of using these services from a student-athlete’s perspective, this study surveyed 174 iv NCAA Division 1 athletes. The findings of this study revealed that student-athletes were more likely to seek mental health and sport psychology services if they had a) positive attitudes toward seeking help, b) low levels of self-stigma and c) services accessible within their athletic department.
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Doyle-Lucas, Ashley Faye. "The Study of a Unique Athletic Population: Health Concerns, Interventions, and Prevention in Elite Ballet Dancers." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37336.
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Ballet dancers are a unique population of athletes in that, unlike other sports, their success strictly depends on both physical capabilities and aesthetic factors. While the physical demands of the performing sport are strenuous, ballet dancers are often required to exhibit a thin physique, frequently resulting in weights 10-12% below the ideal. These low weights are commonly achieved by low energy intakes which increase dancers' susceptibility to the development of various health conditions. Research investigating the health of dancers, however, is limited and hampered by methodological limitations. To address these issues, we tested the hypothesis that dancers would report a low habitual energy intake and, therefore, be subject to conditions comprising the Female Athlete Triad, including low energy availability, suboptimal bone density and menstrual irregularities. In addition, we hypothesized that elite female dancers would have lower than expected resting metabolic rate (RMR) based upon their fat-free mass, and thus greater energetic efficiency as a result of chronic energy deficiency. As hypothesized, dancers reported a significantly lower energy intake and exhibited a lower RMR as compared to lean, pair-matched controls. Because treatment of these metabolic abnormalities is challenging, prevention of adverse health outcomes among adolescent pre-professional dancers is key in promoting overall health and optimal performance. Through our subsequent 'formative work', we determined that the current availability of nutrition education offered to both professional and pre-professional dancers is minimal and of questionable quality. Thus, we developed, implemented, and evaluated a DVD-based educational program, entitled "Nutrition for Optimal Performance", aimed at improving health knowledge and behaviors of pre-professional adolescent ballet dancers. Our findings indicate that participants increased their knowledge of basic nutrition principles and self-efficacy for adopting healthier dietary habits, as compared to pre-program and control group scores, and that knowledge gains were sustained at a six-week follow-up assessment. Collectively, these studies provide the field of dance medicine with novel findings related to the characteristics and health conditions of professional ballet dancers, and the effectiveness of a low-resource, disseminable nutrition education program which promotes the health and optimal performance of pre-professional adolescent ballet dancers.Ph. D.
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Smith, Andrew M. "UTILIZING THE SOCIAL ECOLOGICAL MODEL TO ADDRESS DRINKING BEHAVIORS AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS PARTICIPATING IN NCAA DIVISION I NON-REVENUE GENERATING SPORTS." UKnowledge, 2017. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/epe_etds/56.
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College students between the ages of 18 and 24 are considered high-risk for alcohol-related negative consequences due to drinking at high-risk levels (Barry, Howell & Salaga, 2015). Within that population, varsity student athletes are considered at even greater risk for those issues (Druckman, 2015; Wechsler, 2002).
With football and men’s basketball being considered the only revenue-generating NCAA Division I sports, non-revenue-generating sports consist of the majority of student athletes (NCAA, 2016). This study is designed to examine high-risk drinking as well as alcohol-related consequences among non-revenue-generating student athletes attending a National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I school.
The sample population for this study attends a large, Power 5 Conference, NCAA Division I institution located in the United States. Of the sample, there are 228 respondents representing the majority of non-revenue-generating sports and nearly 68% of the total population of student athletes who participated in non-revenue-generating sports. Utilizing the Athletic Identification Measurement Scale (AIMS), the Identification of Psychological Group scale (IDPG), and the Harvard College Alcohol Study (Wechsler, 2002), this study identifies factors that may associate with high-risk drinking and alcohol-related consequences set within the framework of the Social Ecological Model of Prevention (Brewer Van Raalte & Linder, 1993).
Through descriptive statistics and basic correlation methods, the study examines the role of factors in four of the five levels of the Social Ecological Model of Prevention (individual, relationship, organizational, and community—public policy is not used for this study) as compared to high-risk drinking and alcohol-related negative consequences. The findings of this study indicate that this population experiences negative consequences in greater volume than respondents to the College Alcohol Study (Wecshler, 2002) and the NCAA Alcohol Study (2014), which may imply that non-revenue-generating student athletes are at a higher risk than revenue-generating athletes. Additionally, teams with the most dissonance regarding the team alcohol policy are more likely to experience alcohol-related negative consequences. Teams that are consistent in their understanding of the team alcohol policy experience fewer alcohol-related negative consequences, regardless of the overall levels of high-risk drinking.
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Thurston, Joan E. "Student-Athlete Perception of Coaching Leadership Behaviors’ Influence on Mental Health Symptoms Associated with Anxiety, Depression, Suicidality, and Substance Abuse." UNF Digital Commons, 2017. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/735.
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Abstract
Student-athletes are viewed as the epitome of health due to their physical appearance and talent set; however, it is their psychological health that needs significant attention (Etzel, 2006). Psychosocial stressors such as the pressures and demands of being a student and athlete as well as the demands and expectations of the coach have significant impact on the student-athlete’s mental health and well-being (Beauchemin, 2014; Cleary et al., 2011; Lafrenière et al., 2011; Mageau & Vallerand, 2003; Watson, 2005). The purpose of this research is to investigate any correlation between student-athletes’ perceptions of coaching leadership behaviors and the symptoms associated with disorders such as anxiety, depression, suicidality, and substance abuse. The Leadership Scale for Sport (Chelladurai & Saleh, 1980) and the Symptom Assessment Measure instruments are used in this study. An exploratory analysis determined the reliability and construct validity of the instruments. Thirty-three student-athletes from a non-football Division I university engaged in the study, with twenty-eight completing some or all portions of study. All participants are between the ages of eighteen and twenty-four. A linear regression analysis demonstrated no relation between the independent variable, student-athlete perception of coaching leadership behaviors and the dependent variable, symptoms associated with anxiety, depression, suicidal behavior, and substance abuse mental health disorders, (F=.52, p=.49, R2=.061, and Beta coefficient was -0.248). Gender differences is not determined due to the skewed sample consisting of eighty five percent female and fifteen percent male. Though the linear regression analysis indicates no relation between the dependent and independent variable, supplemental contextualization was given to additional questions asked on the Symptoms Assessment Measure. These findings provide evidence that student-athletes perceive that their coach’s leadership behaviors do have influence on their mental health. This reinforces reports that coaches do wield power over their athletes and their influence is related to student-athletes’ psychological well-being (Horn, 2008; Locke et al., 2012; Stebbings et al., 2012).
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Felsenheld, Édouard. "La médecine du sport chez Galien : corps athlétiques, corps sains, corps malsains." Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040229/document.
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Galien de Pergame, médecin et philosophe grec du IIe siècle de notre ère, approfondit la critique des athlètes inaugurée à l’époque classique, notamment par Hippocrate, mais la sévérité de son jugement à l’égard des compétiteurs professionnels est compensée par une reconsidération pratique et théorique de la réalité sportive.Le corpus galénique permet en effet de dresser un tableau diagnostique complet des dérèglements sanitaires auxquels s’exposent les sportifs amateurs et, plus encore, les athlètes, dont l’activité et le statut se trouvent ébranlés jusque dans leurs fondements : mauvaise santé, procès généralisé et subversion générique viennent ainsi ternir l’image du sport antique.Toutefois, Galien procède en même temps à une réhabilitation du sport, dont il fait un instrument performant pour garantir le succès de son action et de sa pensée. La réconciliation de l’exercice physique et de la santé représente la première étape d’une revalorisation qui se manifeste également sur le plan théorique, non seulement à l’intérieur de l’argumentation médicale, mais aussi dans les rapprochements que Galien établit entre le sport et sa propre activité de médecin philosopheThe physician and philosopher Galen of Pergamon (2nd century AC) criticizes athletes, even more strongly than Hippocrates and other intellectuals of the classical period did. But this denunciation is counterbalanced by another point of vue: sport is reappraised in a practical and theoretical way.On the one hand, Galen makes a diagnosis of all disorders that might affect amateur and, most of all, professional athletes. As a consequence, sportsmen involved in competitions are deeply depreciated. Physical activity is considered as producing bad health and, for many other reasons, it is the target of a general condemnation. In particular, the human nature of athletes comes into question.On the other hand, Galen rehabilitates sport as a usefull activity that is beneficial for health and indirectly for the intellect: physical exercise plays a role in the development of the medical argumentation and parallels can be drawn between sport and Galen’s activity both as a physician and as a philosopher
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Kadlec, Daniel. "Motor capacity and sidestepping execution strategies in female athletes." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2022. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2536.
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Non-contact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries during sidestepping occur when the imposed knee joint loading exceeds the load tolerance of the tissues. The load tolerance thresholds can be modified with appropriate training (e.g., resistance training and plyometrics) and thus increase injury resilience. However, despite such insights, the incidence of ACL injury has not decreased in recent years. Injury is of particular concern for female athletes who present with significantly higher rates than male athletes.
Understanding how different constraints shape an athlete’s movement strategy and affect the resultant joint loading when designing training interventions can help to mitigate injury risk. Motor capacities, such as muscular strength and power, act as boundaries on the safe execution of motor skills and shape the acquisition of movement strategies. Therefore, increasing single- and multi-joint strength enables a broader solution space for movement strategies and mitigates joint loading impact. Exposing athletes simultaneously to the motor skills intended to be improved is critical to effectively transfer new levels of motor capacities into the movement competency. Manipulating task constraints during sidestepping can be used in the training process to expose athletes to high joint loading and prepare them for “worst-case” scenarios. Such “worst-case” scenarios are characterised by certain segment alignments and joint positions previously determined as ACL risk factors in sidestepping movements (e.g., lateral foot placement, lateral trunk flexion or knee flexion at initial contact). Therefore, the purpose of this thesis was to increase the understanding of how to prepare athletes for “worst-case” sidestepping scenarios.
Chapter 2 established a theoretical framework for how different constraints can be utilised to a) manipulate the joint loading profile, such as the magnitude and distribution of joint loading, when sidestepping, thus specifically overloading, in particular, the knee joint, b) prepare for the imposed loading experienced during unplanned sidestepping, and c) how to facilitate a transfer from increases in motor capacities (e.g., single- and multi-joint strength) to improved motor skill (e.g., sidestepping). Subsequently, Study 1 demonstrated the reliability of single- and multijoint lower-body strength tests in recreationally trained female athletes. Such tests can be a valuable component of athlete monitoring for readiness and a component of a comprehensive physical test battery. Study 2 demonstrated that an individualised resistance training approach attenuates knee joint loading during unplanned sidestepping. The results of study 2 highlighted that individual strategies existed at the joint level when performing sidestepping that should be considered in subsequent training interventions. Study 3 demonstrated that the execution strategy, assessed by the single joint loading, changed based on external task constraints, particularly at the knee joint. Understanding how different task constraints affect the execution strategy is crucial when aiming to elicit specific adaptations around single joints.
The concepts and results of this thesis may have important implications for scientists and practitioners and shift how we think of athletic preparation. Exposing athletes progressively, continuously, and systematically to “worst-case” demands and the associated joint loading may increase injury resiliency and ultimately prepare for in situ demands. Further, possible approaches to facilitate the rate of transfer from increases in motor capacities (e.g., maximal muscle strength and maximal muscle power) to improvements in motor skills (e.g., jumping, sidestepping, sprinting) have been suggested. The results from this thesis provide support to seek the enhancement of an athlete’s ability to adapt and perform a multitude of execution strategies when completing the same motor task and withstand “worst-case” scenarios through increases in motor capacity and exposure to task variability.
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DOWDALL, MARK PATRICK. "COACHES' ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIORS TOWARDS ALCOHOL PREVENTION AMONG MALE HIGH SCHOOL ATHLETES." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1046804612.
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Padilla, Carmenita C. "High school counselor knowledge of NCAA regulations for prospective student-athlete transition to college." Scholarly Commons, 2015. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/308.
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This descriptive study examines whether high school counselors are equipped to advise potential recruits on new NCAA academic eligibility regulations. It highlights the NCAA’s new Division I academic eligibility regulations in effect for current seniors in high school (entering collegiate class of 2016) and gives an overview of academic rule changes within the national governing body. The enhanced academic eligibility rules increase minimum GPA and test score as well as mandates strict core course requirements, prioritizing the role of a high school counselor in the entire process. The study will seek to examine the knowledge of high school counselors on new NCAA academic eligibility rules, the resources available to them and those needed to better assist potential recruits from underserved backgrounds. This study will focus on high school counselors employed in California at underserved schools characterized by those receiving Title I wide funding from the federal government. The majority of students at Title I wide institutions are minorities and first generation students and these populations rely heavily on their high school counselors for college knowledge. In many cases, athletic scholarships are these student’s only means of obtaining a collegiate degree; highlighting the need to examine the knowledge and resources high school counselors have and need to properly advise potential NCAA student-athletes. High school counselors need information and resources specific to NCAA academic eligibility regulations to help student-athletes from underserved backgrounds keep their collegiate dreams alive.
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Yeh, Lestter. "The Effect of Stress Coping Techniques in Sports." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2016. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1240.
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The first part of this literature review goes over the biological and psychological aspects of stress. The cause of stress can be linked back to a primitive instinct known as “fight or flight.” The “fight or flight” instinct is triggered by several chemical reactions in the body starting from a signal from the amygdala to the sympathetic nervous system. Stress can also be categorized into internal and external stress. Further research links stress to sports. Many studies show that stress coping techniques such as meditation, self-talk, rituals, etc. are beneficial to athletes during competition. Suggested avenues of further research are to develop a standardized way to incorporate practicing stress coping techniques into a younger athlete’s routine, discover whether the same stress coping techniques can be used throughout all sports, and whether certain stress coping techniques will benefit people of different personality types equally. Keywords: Stress, Coping, Sports, Psychology, Athlete
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Joliffe, Jamie. "A Comparison of Balance and Postural Stability Assessment Tools: BESS Versus NeuroCom Balance Manager." DigitalCommons@USU, 2012. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1291.
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Postural stability assessment tools are one of the many ways concussions can be assessed and return to play decisions can be made; two of which are the Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) and force plate technology. OBJECTIVE: Validate the modified BESS used by Utah State University by comparing it to equivalent tests on the NeuroCom Balance Manager System. METHODS: 114 current or previous Utah State football players ranging in age from 18-24. Each athlete conducted a baseline BESS test during their pre-participation physical and NeuroCom testing was conducted during the summer of 2011. NeuroCom testing included a modified Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction on Balance (mCTSIB) both on a firm and foam surface, a single leg stance test with eyes open and closed on both a firm and foam surface, and a tandem walk test where end sway was recorded. BESS testing was done depending on when the athlete arrived at Utah State. Correlations were reported for athletes that arrived for the current year and also for the athletes that arrived for any year prior to that. A Welch's T-Test was conducted to analyze any differences between the two groups. The tandem stance on the foam condition for the BESS had a statistically significant difference, so that variable was excluded and the adjusted correlations were then reported. There were eight correlation conditions that were determined by the individuals who could and could not complete the entire time on the single leg stance with eyes closed on a firm as well as a foam surface. RESULTS: The only variable associated with the NeuroCom Balance Manager that had consistent correlations with the composite BESS score was the CTSIB foam condition; with a 0.28 correlation with individuals regardless of single leg stance with eyes closed, 0.39 with individuals who completed the whole time on the firm without consideration for the foam, 0.27 with individuals who did not complete the whole time on the foam without consideration for the firm and 0.39 with individuals who could complete the whole time on the firm but not on the foam. CONCLUSION: There appears to be some correlation with CTSIB foam conditions and the composite BESS.
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Wivallius, Micaela. "Att gå sönder : Elitidrottares upplevelser av skador." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-34918.
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Tidigare undersökningar av skadade idrottare på både elit och motionsnivå har visat att under skador upplevs ledsenhet, ilska, sorg och ofta hög stress från både sig själv och andra. Syftet med undersökningen var att ta reda på hur svenska elitidrottare som utövar en lagsport upplever skador samt se om det finns antydningar till könsskillnader. Fyra män och fyra kvinnor i åldrarna 18–36 som samtliga spelar i högsta eller näst högsta divisionerna i handboll, fotboll, ishockey, innebandy samt bandy deltog. Datainsamlingen skedde genom intervjuer, intervjuerna meningskoncentrerades och analyserades till ett resultat som visade att de upplevde (1) ilska, (2) ledsenhet, (3) stress, (4) oro men samtidigt (5) revanschlust samt (6) att de lärt sig någonting under en skada. Studien önskar kunna bidra till att öka förståelsen för en skadad elitidrottare genom att lyfta fram både de positiva och negativa följderna av att vara skadad.
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Schwarz, Christopher Charles. "Attack-ademically Ineligible: Student Athlete Sex Crimes and the Dangerous Misunderstandings of FERPA." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1457096185.
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Moran, Kelsey. "Sport Factors, Body Image, and Eating Behaviors in College Student Athletes." Wright State University Professional Psychology Program / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wsupsych1530046312522231.
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Boström, Linus, and Emma Hellberg. "Idrott och hälsa, ”en checkstation” på idrottsprofilerade gymnasium. : En kvalitativ intervjustudie om idrottslärares åsikter om ämnet idrott och hälsa för elitidrottselever." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Pedagogiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-133505.
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In Sweden athlete schools, where students are attending in terms of optimizing their athletic careers in correlation with their studies, are a widely spread phenomena over the country and the system is included within the ordinary school system. This study aims to examine how the subject Physical Education and Health (PEH) is taught at athlete schools in comparison to how it is taught in classes with ordinary upper secondary school students. This study is based on interviews with eight teachers from two different Swedish schools. The results show that teachers do adjust their teaching in order to achieve quality teaching to give the athletic students optimized possibilities to improve. The results show different teacher perspectives about what knowledge that is prioritized. Admittedly, the teachers confess having problems with whether they assess these students on their previous skills or if they actually learn new skills during their PEH. Hence, this study serves the purpose of revealing the importance of developing new and individualized strategies on how to form an optimized educational environment and quality teaching for those students.
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Dahlén, Sara. "Injuries and Illnesses in Swedish Para Athletes During the Paralympic Games 2012-2018." Thesis, Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för fysisk aktivitet och hälsa, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:gih:diva-6755.
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Aim: The aim of the study was to analyse the injuries and illnesses in Swedish Para athletes during four Paralympic Games (PG), 2012-2018. The research questions (RQ) were: 1) what was the injury incident rate (IR), and which anatomical areas were affected by injuries? 2) what was the illness IR and which physiological systems were affected by illnesses? 3) did the injury and illness IR differ between the Swedish delegation and the reference group (RG), where most athletes participating in the four PGs were included? 4) were there any associations between injury and illness IR and subgroups of athletes? Method: A retrospective analysis of data from a large ongoing prospective study of injuries and illnesses initiated by the International Paralympic Committee in 2012. Data from 157 Swedish Paralympic athletes were analysed and compared to previous results from the RG. For RQ1, 2 and 3, injuries and illnesses were reported as IR, calculated per 1000 athlete days, in the Swedish delegations (RQ1-3) and compared to the RG (RQ3). For RQ4, a univariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to find possible associations between risk of injury and illness, and subgroups. Results: The injury IR in Swedish athletes varied between the four PGs, from 2.5 to 59.5 per 1000 athlete days. Most injuries occurred in the upper limb. There was a particularly high occurrence of injuries in Para ice hockey players. The illness IR varied from 3.6 per 1000 athlete days in London (2012), to 39.5 in Sochi (2014). The respiratory tract was most affected by illness, in both Swedish athletes and the RG. Most injuries and illnesses in the Swedish delegation were acute onset, but only a minority led to days lost from training and competition. The Swedish delegation had a lower injury IR per 1000 athlete days compared to the RG in all PGs, except for Pyeongchang (2018), where they had an almost three times higher IR. The illness IR for the Swedish delegation was, compared to the RG, lower in London (2012), the same in Rio (2016) and higher in both Sochi (2014) and Pyeongchang (2018). Participation in the Winter Games was associated with a higher risk for both injury and illness compared to the Summer Games. There was also an increased risk of injury for athletes in a contact sport compared to a non-contact sport. Conclusions: This thesis indicates that there is a need to continue monitoring Para athletes, both during and between competitions, to get more knowledge about injury and illness incidence patterns, as well as preventable risk factors. The latter would be especially important for Para ice hockey. It is yet to see if the awareness of the importance of hygiene measures and physical distancing to reduce spreading of infections, brought on by the Covid-19 pandemic, will affect the occurrence of respiratory tract infections during large sporting events.
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Young, Christine Andrea. "An examination of how coaching behavior influences athletes' sport-confidence and athletes' perceived coaching competence." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1323894866.
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Gilis, Jeffrey T. "Nutrition Knowledge and Interest of Collegiate Athletes at a Division I University." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1342374208.
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Zhang, Yang Sunny. "Professional wushu athletes| Potential athletic/personal dissonance." Thesis, San Jose State University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1568016.
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The success of Chinese professional athletes is attributable to the government-run elite sport system; it is seen as one of the most effective and successful systems at nurturing high-skilled athletes. However, within the Chinese professional sport system, tensions between athletes' athletic skills and overall personal development have been widely documented. Among all studies, very few have employed in-depth interviews with professional wushu athletes. In this study, the researcher utilized in-depth semi-structured interviews with professional wushu athletes from three of the 25 professional wushu teams in mainland China. The study was conducted in order to understand the potential conflicts between athletes' athletic skills development and overall personal development. Findings revealed that athletes bear the training at great cost to their future potential as self-sufficient members of Chinese society. Their academic, social, and vocational skills are subject to deep neglect that negatively impacts their post-competition careers. The system considers investment in preparation for the post-competitive lives of the athletes to be a distraction from, or even an impediment to, their success in competition. It is suggested that the Chinese sport system undertake a review and reformation of its approach to wushu training to provide athletes with the skills needed to successfully navigate a life outside of athletics.
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Scanlon, Kelsey F. "An Exploration of the Relationship between Menstrual Phase and Collegiate Female Upper and Lower Body Anaerobic Capacities." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1500637121363949.
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Kerdokaitė, Kristina. "Skirtingų lengvosios atletikos rungčių traumų pobūdis, dažnis ir taikomas gydymas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20060515_091614-24720.
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The purpose of work is to determine the character and frequency of traumas encountered in different events of track-and-field athletics, and the influence of physical therapy on decrease of traumas.
In order to achieve the goal, we have implemented the tasks, i.e. we determined the character of traumas usually encountered in track-and-field athletics, as well as the traumas suffered by men and women. We determined the frequency of sport traumas, according to the sport experience. We determined the character and localization of traumas, according to the events of track-and-field athletics, as well as the most common treatment methods in case of sport traumas. We learnt whether the physical therapy has the influence on the rise of repeated traumas.
While writing the work, we referred to the hypothesis that the character and frequency of traumas depends on the specificity of events of track-and-field athletics, and studied whether the number of traumas decreases if the physical therapy is applied.
The work used the following research methods: analysis of scientific literature, oral questionnaires-interview, analysis of the content of documents (data of medical cards).
After the research had been made and the results compared to the other authors, we reached the conclusion that the character and localization of the traumas depends on the event of track-and-field event. The lesion encountered the most often is the strain, and the rarest one is abrasion and fatigue fractures... [to full text]
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Jones, Meghan A. "Drunkorexia: Predictors and Examination of a False Consensus Effect in College Women." Xavier University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=xavier1570983623735799.
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Soto, William. "Athletic Identity and Ego Identity Status as Predictors of Psychological Health among Intercollegiate Athletes." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1546524820659635.
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Masters, Tyler J. "Subjective Well-Being, Sport Performance, Training Load and Life Experiences of College Athletes." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1244822249.
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