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1

Estep, J. S., R. E. Baumgartner, F. Townsend, D. A. Pabst, W. A. Mclellan, A. Friedlaender, D. G. Dunn, and T. P. Lipscomb. "Malignant Seminoma with Metastasis, Sertoli Cell Tumor, and Pheochromocytoma in a Spotted Dolphin (Stenella frontalis) and Malignant Seminoma with Metastasis in a Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus)." Veterinary Pathology 42, no. 3 (May 2005): 357–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1354/vp.42-3-357.

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Seminoma with metastasis was diagnosed in a spotted dolphin ( Stenella frontalis) and an Atlantic bottlenose dolphin ( Tursiops truncatus). Sertoli cell tumor and pheochromocytoma were also diagnosed in the spotted dolphin. The spotted and bottlenose dolphins were adult males that stranded and died on the coasts of northwest Florida and southeast North carolina, respectively. Neoplasia is infrequently reported in cetaceans. This is the first report of seminoma, Sertoli cell tumor, and pheochromocytoma in a dolphin, the first report of three distinct neoplasms in a dolphin, and one of the few reports of malignant neoplasia in dolphins.
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2

Leslie, Matthew S., and Phillip A. Morin. "Structure and phylogeography of two tropical predators, spinner ( Stenella longirostris ) and pantropical spotted ( S. attenuata ) dolphins, from SNP data." Royal Society Open Science 5, no. 4 (April 2018): 171615. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.171615.

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Little is known about global patterns of genetic connectivity in pelagic dolphins, including how circumtropical pelagic dolphins spread globally following the rapid and recent radiation of the subfamily delphininae. In this study, we tested phylogeographic hypotheses for two circumtropical species, the spinner dolphin ( Stenella longirostris ) and the pantropical spotted dolphin ( Stenella attenuata ), using more than 3000 nuclear DNA single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in each species. Analyses for population structure indicated significant genetic differentiation between almost all subspecies and populations in both species. Bayesian phylogeographic analyses of spinner dolphins showed deep divergence between Indo-Pacific, Atlantic and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean (ETP) lineages. Despite high morphological variation, our results show very close relationships between endemic ETP spinner subspecies in relation to global diversity. The dwarf spinner dolphin is a monophyletic subspecies nested within a major clade of pantropical spinner dolphins from the Indian and western Pacific Ocean populations. Population-level division among the dwarf spinner dolphins was detected—with the northern Australia population being very different from that in Indonesia. In contrast to spinner dolphins, the major boundary for spotted dolphins is between offshore and coastal habitats in the ETP, supporting the current subspecies-level taxonomy. Comparing these species underscores the different scale at which population structure can arise, even in species that are similar in habitat (i.e. pelagic) and distribution.
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3

Au, Whitlow W. L., and Denise L. Herzing. "Echolocation signals of wild Atlantic spotted dolphin (Stenella frontalis)." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 113, no. 1 (January 2003): 598–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.1518980.

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4

De Boer, Marijke Nita. "Cetaceans observed in Suriname and adjacent waters." Latin American Journal of Aquatic Mammals 10, no. 1 (August 24, 2015): 2–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5597/lajam00189.

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Very little information exists about the cetaceans in the Guianas: Suriname and its neighboring countries Guyana and French Guiana. During a dedicated cetacean survey carried out from a geophysical seismic survey vessel in the offshore waters of Suriname (May-September 2012), the occurrence of 13 cetacean species was documented and of those, 11 were newly documented for this area. The species observed by the author included sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus), Bryde’s whale (Balaenoptera edeni), false killer whale (Pseudorca crassidens), melon-headed whale (Peponocephala electra), roughtoothed dolphin (Steno bredanensis), long-beaked common dolphin (Delphinus capensis), Fraser’s dolphin (Lagenodelphis hosei), pantropical spotted dolphin (Stenella attenuata) and spinner dolphin (Stenella longirostris). During transit to the survey area (Trinidad to Suriname) incidental sightings were recorded which included common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) off Trinidad, Stenella sp. off Guyana and Guiana dolphin (Sotalia guianensis) at the entrance of the Suriname River. Opportunistic records originating from the periods December 2008-March 2009 and August-October 2012 were forwarded to the author. These records included common bottlenose dolphin, Atlantic spotted dolphin (Stenella frontalis) and short-finned pilot whale (Globicephala macrorhynchus). There is a growing need to identify critical areas for marine biodiversity conservation, both locally and regionally. This paper describes the general occurrence of the cetacean community encountered in Suriname waters in summer. The study revealed that the offshore cetacean community in Suriname is best described as primarily a tropical community, dominated by odontocetes (dolphins and sperm whales). Although the species diversity was relatively high, the overall cetacean relative abundance index (number of animals per 100km effort) was low, which is consistent for tropical equatorial offshore waters. Apart from the sperm whale and the Guiana dolphin, all the other species recorded represent new species records for Suriname. It is recommended that more continuous monitoring in different seasons be carried out in order to gain a better understanding of the occurrence, distribution and status of the different cetacean species within the region.
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5

Sierra, Eva, Antonio Fernández, Carolina Fernández-Maldonado, Simona Sacchini, Idaira Felipe-Jiménez, Simone Segura-Göthlin, Ana Colom-Rivero, et al. "Molecular Characterization of Herpesviral Encephalitis in Cetaceans: Correlation with Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Findings." Animals 12, no. 9 (April 29, 2022): 1149. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12091149.

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Herpesviruses are causative agents of meningitis and encephalitis in cetaceans, which are among the main leading known natural causes of death in these species. Brain samples from 103 stranded cetaceans were retrospectively screened for the presence of herpesvirus DNA in the brain. Molecular detection of Cetacean Morbillivirus was performed in HV positive brain cases. Histopathologic evaluation of brain samples included the presence or absence of the following findings (n = 7): meningitis, perivascular cuffings, microgliosis, intranuclear inclusion bodies, malacia, neuronal necrosis and neurophagic nodules, and haemorrhages. Histological evidence of the involvement of other etiological agents led to complementary analysis. We detected the presence of alpha and gamma-HVs in 12 out of 103 (11.6%) brain samples from stranded cetaceans of five different species: one bottlenose dolphin, six striped dolphins, three Atlantic spotted dolphins, one Cuvier’s beaked whale, and one common dolphin. Pathogenic factors such as viral strain, age, sex, and the presence of co-infections were analysed and correlated with the brain histopathological findings in each case. Herpesvirus was more prevalent in males, juveniles, and calves and a 41.6% incidence of co-infections in the brain was detected in our study: three with Dolphin Morbillivirus, one with Staphilococcus aureus septicaemia and one with Brucella spp.
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6

Siciliano, Salvatore, Renata Maria A. Ramos, Ana Paula M. Di Beneditto, Marcos César O. Santos, Ana Bernadete Fragoso, José Lailson Brito, Alexandre F. Azevedo, et al. "Age and growth of some delphinids in south-eastern Brazil." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 87, no. 1 (February 2007): 293–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315407053398.

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This study provides the first compilation on age and growth of some delphinids in south-eastern Brazil (18°25′S–25°45′S). A total of 154 delphinids were reported: 44 Atlantic spotted dolphin Stenella frontalis; 36 bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatus; 26 ‘Brazilian’ common dolphin Delphinus sp.; 20 rough-toothed dolphin Steno bredanensis; 16 Fraser's dolphin Lagenodelphis hosei; 3 false killer whale Pseudorca crassidens; 3 unidentified Stenella sp.; 2 pantropical spotted dolphin Stenella attenuata; 2 short-finned pilot whale Globicephala macrorhynchus; 1 spinner dolphin Stenella longirostris; and 1 striped dolphin Stenella coeruleoalba. Age was estimated by counting the number of growth layer groups present in the dentine in 74.5% of the sample. The growth of 92 individuals of the first five species was determined by the Gompertz model to length-at-age data. Stenella frontalis—the oldest specimen was 23 y and the asymptotic length of 224.4 cm predicted by growth curve occurred at about 20 y; T. truncatus—the oldest specimen was 26 y and the asymptotic length of 301.3 cm predicted by growth curve occurred at about 20 y; Delphinus sp.—the oldest dolphin was 18 y and the asymptotic length of 215.9 cm predicted by growth curve occurred at about 5–6 y; S. bredanensis—the oldest specimen was 24 y and the asymptotic length of 258.1 cm predicted by growth curve occurred at about 10 y; L. hosei—the oldest specimen was 19 y and the asymptotic length of 231.2 cm predicted by growth curve occurred at about 7–8 y. Only age was estimated for the other species. The age-at-length data for S. frontalis, Delphinus sp., S. bredanensis and L. hosei were consistent, suggesting a good agreement with previous work on these species. For T. truncatus, the age at asymptotic length obtained in this study might be confirmed by increasing the sample size. The information currently presented will contribute to further life history research of delphinids on the western south Atlantic coast.
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7

Luksenburg, Jolanda A. "The cetaceans of Aruba, southern Caribbean." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 94, no. 6 (April 29, 2013): 1161–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315413000337.

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Aruba is one of the most densely populated islands in the Caribbean. However, very little is known about its cetaceans. In 2010 and 2011, a total of 19721 km (1686 h) boat-based surveys over nearshore transects resulted in 117 positively-identified sightings comprising eight species. New records are also added for one of three previously-documented species. Five additional species were documented from strandings or reports by others. This brings the total number of cetacean species identified in Aruban waters to 16, of which nine are authenticated here for the first time. Atlantic spotted dolphin (Stenella frontalis (N = 59) and bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) (N = 33) were the most frequently observed species, with sightings of both year-round, followed by spinner dolphin (S. longirostris) and false killer whale (Pseudorca crassidens). Additional species recorded are pantropical spotted dolphin (S. attenuata), striped dolphin (S. coeruleoalba), common dolphin (Delphinus capensis), rough-toothed dolphin (Steno bredanensis), short-finned pilot whale (Globicephala macrorhynchus), killer whale (Orcinus orca), Risso's dolphin (Grampus griseus), humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae), Bryde's/Eden's whale (Balaenoptera brydei/edeni), sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus) and an unidentified beaked whale (Mesoplodon sp.). All cetaceans were sighted within 22 km of the coast in relatively shallow waters. Sighting rate was low (0.69 cetacean sightings per 100 km). Sightings of calves and neonates indicate that Aruba may be a nursing or breeding area for some species. The presence of several species of cetaceans in Aruba's coastal waters year-round indicates that status and threat assessments are needed to protect them.
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8

Bittencourt, Lis, Mariana Barbosa, Elitieri B. Santos-Neto, Tatiana L. Bisi, José Lailson-Brito, and Alexandre F. Azevedo. "Whistles of Atlantic spotted dolphin from a coastal area in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 148, no. 5 (November 2020): EL420—EL426. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0002637.

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9

Weir, Caroline R., Colin D. MacLeod, and Graham J. Pierce. "Habitat preferences and evidence for niche partitioning amongst cetaceans in the waters between Gabon and Angola, eastern tropical Atlantic." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 92, no. 8 (April 3, 2012): 1735–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315412000148.

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The habitat preferences and niches of eight cetacean species inhabiting eastern tropical Atlantic waters between Angola and Gabon (1°N–11°S latitude) were examined. A total of 2873 cetacean sightings, recorded between January 2004 and June 2009, was assigned to 10 × 10 km grid cells and linked to four ecogeographical variables (EGVs): water depth, seabed slope, sea surface temperature (SST) and relative frontal strength. Classification trees revealed that the habitat preferences (in terms of the habitats sampled) of most species were primarily determined by SST (for Bryde's whale, sperm whale, short-finned pilot whale and common dolphin) and water depth (for Risso's dolphin, bottlenose dolphin and Atlantic spotted dolphin). Seabed slope was the most important EGV describing the presence of the striped dolphin. A principal component analysis was used to compare the niches of the species with respect to the four EGVs. Nineteen species pairs (68%) differed significantly in median principal component (PC) score for the first PC axis, suggesting differences in their niche centres for that axis. Sixteen species pairs (57%) differed significantly in PC score variance suggesting differences in the niche widths along the first PC axis. Water depth and SST were the most important variables for the first PC axis. Together, these results suggest that cetacean species inhabiting the eastern tropical Atlantic exhibit interspecific variation in their habitat preferences, and so differ in the niches that they occupy. These differences are most likely related to variation in prey species and foraging strategy.
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10

Santos, Marcos Cesar de Oliveira, Giovanna Corrêa e. Figueiredo, and Marie-Francoise Van Bressem. "Cetaceans using the marine protected area of "Parque Estadual Marinho da Laje de Santos", Southeastern Brazil." Brazilian Journal of Oceanography 65, no. 4 (December 2017): 605–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-87592017130606504.

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Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of cetaceans in the waters surrounding the Marine Protected Area (MPA) known as “Parque Estadual Marinho da Laje de Santos (PEMLS)”, placed in coastal waters at the southeastern coast of Brazil. Boat-based surveys were conducted once a month from June 2013 to June 2015. A specific transect was followed to cover the area of the quoted MPA, as well as its borders. A total of 24 boat-surveys rendered 18 sightings of cetacean groups of the following species: Atlantic spotted dolphin (Stenella frontalis) (12), rough-toothed dolphin (Steno bredanensis) (2), common dolphin (Delphinus delphis) (1), Bryde’s whale (Balaenoptera edeni) (2) and common minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) (1). Sightings of S. frontalis, the commonest sighted species, was positively correlated with water depth (Mantel test; r = 0.8072; p < 0.05). Photoidentified individuals moved back and forth to inner and outer areas of the MPA, remaining in the area throughout the 2-year survey. “Paisley” cutaneous marks of unknown origin were reported in two common dolphins for the first time in local waters. As the PEMLS has been used as an important spot for SCUBA divers, it is recommended that cetacean sightings could still be gathered in a future partnership, as well as using the acoustics tool to detect their presence when researchers are not in the field.
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11

Lodi, Liliane, and Monica Borobia. "Anomalous colouration in an Atlantic spotted dolphin (Stenella frontalis) from southeastern Brazil." Brazilian Journal of Aquatic Science and Technology 17, no. 2 (December 22, 2013): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.14210/bjast.v17n2.pnb1-3.

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12

Lodi, Liliane, and Monica Borobia. "Anomalous colouration in an Atlantic spotted dolphin (Stenella frontalis) from southeastern Brazil." Brazilian Journal of Aquatic Science and Technology 17, no. 2 (December 22, 2013): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.14210/bjast.v17n2.pnb1-nb3.

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13

Papale, Elena, Monica Perez-Gil, Juliana Castrillon, Enrique Perez-Gil, Leire Ruiz, Antonella Servidio, Marisa Tejedor, Cristina Giacoma, and Vidal Martín. "Context specificity of Atlantic spotted dolphin acoustic signals in the Canary Islands." Ethology Ecology & Evolution 29, no. 4 (May 12, 2016): 311–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03949370.2016.1171256.

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14

Díaz-Delgado, J., S. Sacchini, A. Suárez-Bonnet, E. Sierra, M. Arbelo, A. Espinosa, E. Rodríguez-Grau Bassas, B. Mompeo, L. Pérez, and A. Fernández. "High-grade Astrocytoma (Glioblastoma Multiforme) in an Atlantic Spotted Dolphin (Stenella frontalis)." Journal of Comparative Pathology 152, no. 2-3 (February 2015): 278–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcpa.2014.12.016.

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15

de Boer, Marijke N. "Cetacean distribution and relative abundance in offshore Gabonese waters." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 90, no. 8 (July 28, 2010): 1613–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315410001165.

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Information on cetaceans off Gabon in tropical West Africa is summarized from boat-based surveys carried out between 7 March and 7 August 2009. Thirteen cetacean species were positively identified comprising two baleen whale species, one sperm whale species and ten species of delphinid. Bryde's whale (Balaenoptera brydei) and humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) were the most frequently encountered species. Cetaceans were found throughout a range of sea surface temperature between 20.5°C and 27.5°C and a wide range of depths with the majority of effort and sightings occurring seaward of the shelf break. Of particular interest from the study were the following: (1) Gabonese waters have a broad cetacean diversity, especially with a large and diversified delphinid community in the northern part of the study area; (2) the variations in oceanographic conditions within Gabonese waters are likely to result in a temporal variation in species composition; (3) the sightings of Atlantic spotted dolphin (Stenella frontalis) are the first at-sea sightings confirmed for these waters, although not unexpected given their distribution and abundant presence in surrounding waters; and (4) the poorly known Clymene dolphin (Stenella clymene) was sighted on four occasions in deep oceanic waters and was the most abundant cetacean. These are the first confirmed records of Clymene dolphins in Gabonese waters.
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16

Díaz-Delgado, J., A. Fernández, J. F. Edwards, E. Sierra, A. Xuriach, N. García-Álvarez, S. Sacchini, K. R. Groch, M. Andrada, and M. Arbelo. "Uterine Leiomyoma and Prolapse in a Live-stranded Atlantic Spotted Dolphin (Stenella frontalis)." Journal of Comparative Pathology 153, no. 1 (July 2015): 58–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcpa.2015.04.004.

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17

Méndez-Fernandez, Paula, Satie Taniguchi, Marcos C. O. Santos, Irma Cascão, Sophie Quérouil, Vidal Martín, Marisa Tejedor, et al. "Population structure of the Atlantic spotted dolphin (Stenella frontalis) inferred through ecological markers." Aquatic Ecology 54, no. 1 (August 31, 2019): 21–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10452-019-09722-3.

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18

Leonel, Juliana, Satie Taniguchi, Dalton K. Sasaki, Mauro J. Cascaes, Patrick S. Dias, Silvina Botta, Marcos C. de O. Santos, and Rosalinda C. Montone. "Contamination by chlorinated pesticides, PCBs and PBDEs in Atlantic spotted dolphin (Stenella frontalis) in western South Atlantic." Chemosphere 86, no. 7 (February 2012): 741–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.10.049.

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19

Suárez, Paula, Monica Contreras, Milagro Fernández-Delgado, Victor Salazar, Ruth Peña, Fabian Michelangeli, and M. Alexandra García-Amado. "Detection of Helicobacter in the Digestive Tract of an Atlantic Spotted Dolphin (Stenella frontalis)." Journal of Wildlife Diseases 46, no. 2 (April 2010): 622–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-46.2.622.

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20

Dunn, Charlotte, and Diane Claridge. "Killer whale (Orcinus orca) occurrence and predation in the Bahamas." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 94, no. 6 (August 6, 2013): 1305–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315413000908.

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Killer whales (Orcinus orca) have a cosmopolitan distribution, yet little is known about populations that inhabit tropical waters. We compiled 34 sightings of killer whales in the Bahamas, recorded from 1913 to 2011. Group sizes were generally small (mean = 4.2, range = 1–12, SD = 2.6). Thirteen sightings were documented with photographs and/or video of sufficient quality to allow individual photo-identification analysis. Of the 45 whales photographed, 14 unique individual killer whales were identified, eight of which were re-sighted between two and nine times. An adult female (Oo6) and a now-adult male (Oo4), were first seen together in 1995, and have been re-sighted together eight times over a 16-yr period. To date, killer whales in the Bahamas have only been observed preying on marine mammals, including Atlantic spotted dolphin (Stenella frontalis), Fraser's dolphin (Lagenodelphis hosei), pygmy sperm whale (Kogia breviceps) and dwarf sperm whale (Kogia sima), all of which are previously unrecorded prey species for Orcinus orca.
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21

Adams, Lara D., and Patricia E. Rosel. "Population differentiation of the Atlantic spotted dolphin (Stenella frontalis) in the western North Atlantic, including the Gulf of Mexico." Marine Biology 148, no. 3 (October 14, 2005): 671–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00227-005-0094-2.

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22

Pires, Clara R., Marcos R. Rossi-Santos, Alexandre D. Paro, and Leonardo L. Wedekin. "Whistles of the pantropical spotted dolphin (Stenella attenuata) in Santos Basin, western South Atlantic Ocean." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 149, no. 5 (May 2021): 3241–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0004950.

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23

Groch, KR, J. Díaz-Delgado, C. Sacristán, DE Oliveira, G. Souza, AM Sánchez-Sarmiento, S. Costa-Silva, et al. "Pulmonary and systemic fungal infections in an Atlantic spotted dolphin and a Bryde’s whale, Brazil." Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 128, no. 1 (March 22, 2018): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/dao03207.

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24

Paulos, Robin D., Kathleen M. Dudzinski, and Stan A. Kuczaj. "The role of touch in select social interactions of Atlantic spotted dolphin (Stenella frontalis) and Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops aduncus)." Journal of Ethology 26, no. 1 (June 5, 2007): 153–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10164-007-0047-y.

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Davis, Randall W., Graham A. J. Worthy, Bernd Würsig, Spencer K. Lynn, and Forrest I. Townsend. "DIVING BEHAVIOR AND AT-SEA MOVEMENTS OF AN ATLANTIC SPOTTED DOLPHIN IN THE GULF OF MEXICO." Marine Mammal Science 12, no. 4 (August 26, 2006): 569–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-7692.1996.tb00069.x.

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26

Wang, A., D. Barber, and C. J. Pfeiffer. "Protective Effects of Selenium Against Mercury Toxicity in Cultured Atlantic Spotted Dolphin (Stenella plagiodon) Renal Cells." Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 41, no. 4 (November 2001): 403–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002440010266.

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27

Viricel, Amélia, and Patricia E. Rosel. "Hierarchical population structure and habitat differences in a highly mobile marine species: the Atlantic spotted dolphin." Molecular Ecology 23, no. 20 (October 2014): 5018–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mec.12923.

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Díaz-Delgado, Josué, Eva Sierra, Manuel Arbelo, Alejandro Suárez-Bonnet, Cristian Suárez-Santana, Enrique Grau-Bassas, and Antonio Fernández. "Primary Uterine T-cell Lymphoma with Metastasis in an Atlantic Spotted Dolphin (Stenella frontalis), Canary Islands, Spain." Journal of Wildlife Diseases 51, no. 2 (April 2015): 538–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.7589/2014-08-199.

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29

Méndez-Fernandez, Paula, Satie Taniguchi, Marcos C. O. Santos, Irma Cascão, Sophie Quérouil, Vidal Martín, Marisa Tejedor, et al. "Contamination status by persistent organic pollutants of the Atlantic spotted dolphin (Stenella frontalis) at the metapopulation level." Environmental Pollution 236 (May 2018): 785–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2018.02.009.

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30

And, Robert Griffin B., and Nancy J. Griffin. "Temporal Variation in Atlantic Spotted Dolphin (Stenella frontalis) and Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) Densities on the West Florida Continental Shelf." Aquatic Mammals 30, no. 3 (December 1, 2004): 380–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1578/am.30.3.2004.380.

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31

Cerezo, A., O. Quesada-Canales, E. Sierra, J. Díaz-Delgado, A. Fernández, J. Henningson, and M. Arbelo. "Pyogranulomatous obliterative laryngotracheitis by Rhizopus arrhizus (syn. R. oryzae) in a free-ranging Atlantic spotted dolphin Stenella frontalis." Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 130, no. 2 (September 10, 2018): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/dao03268.

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32

Au, Whitlow W. L., and Denise L. Herzing. "Measurement of the echo location signals of the Atlantic Spotted Dolphin Stenella frontalis in the waters off the Grand Bahamas." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 101, no. 5 (May 1997): 3137–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.419027.

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33

Consoli, Francesco Maria Achille, Yara Bernaldo de Quirós, Manuel Arbelo, Stefania Fulle, Marco Marchisio, Mario Encinoso, Antonio Fernandez, and Miguel A. Rivero. "Cetaceans Humerus Radiodensity by CT: A Useful Technique Differentiating between Species, Ecophysiology, and Age." Animals 12, no. 14 (July 13, 2022): 1793. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12141793.

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Cetaceans are mammals that underwent a series of evolutionary adaptations to live in the aquatic environment, including morphological modifications of various anatomical structures of the skeleton and their bone mineral density (BMD); there are few studies on the latter. BMD is related to the radiodensity measured through computed tomography (CT) in Hounsfield units (HU). This work aimed to test and validate the usefulness of studying humeral bone radiodensity by CT of two cetacean species (the Atlantic spotted dolphin and the pygmy sperm whale) with different swimming and diving habits. The radiodensity was analysed at certain levels following a new protocol based on a review of previous studies. Humeral radiodensity values were related to four aspects: species, diving behaviour, swimming activity level, and age. We observed that the consistent differences in the radiodensity of the cortical bone of the distal epiphysis between animals of different life-history categories suggest that this bone portion could be particularly useful for future ontogenetic studies. Hence, this technique may be helpful in studying and comparing species with different ecophysiologies, particularly distinguishing between swimming and diving habits.
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34

Miles, Jessica A., and Denise L. Herzing. "Underwater analysis of the behavioural development of free-ranging Atlantic spotted dolphin (Stenella frontalis) calves (birth to 4 years of age)." Aquatic Mammals 29, no. 3 (December 1, 2003): 363–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1578/01675420360736541.

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35

Dunn, Charlotte, Diane Claridge, Denise Herzing, Cassie Volker, Kelly Melillo-Sweeting, Randall S. Wells, Ted Turner, and Kelly O’Sullivan. "Satellite-Linked Telemetry Study of a Rehabilitated and Released Atlantic Spotted Dolphin in the Bahamas Provides Insights into Broader Ranging Patterns and Conservation Needs." Aquatic Mammals 46, no. 6 (November 15, 2020): 633–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1578/am.46.6.2020.633.

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36

Sacchini, Simona, Antonio Fernández, Blanca Mompeó, Raquel Ramírez, Manuel Arbelo, Unn Holgersen, Oscar Quesada-Canales, Ayoze Castro-Alonso, and Marisa Andrada. "Toothed Whales Have Black Neurons in the Blue Spot." Veterinary Sciences 9, no. 10 (September 26, 2022): 525. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci9100525.

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Neuromelanin (NM) is a dark polymer pigment that is located mostly in the human substantia nigra, and in the locus ceruleus, referred to as “the blue spot”. NM increases linearly with age, and has been described mainly in the human brain; however, it also occurs in the neurons of monkeys, horses, giraffes, cattle, sheep, goats, dogs, rats, and even in frogs. While in most of these mammals NM shows the histochemical and ultrastructural features typical of lipofuscins, human NM is confined within cytoplasmic organelles that are surrounded by a double membrane, suggesting an autophagic origin. In a study on the morphology of the locus ceruleus of the family Delphinidae, the presence of a variable quantity of NM in the interior of locus ceruleus neurons was observed for the first time; meanwhile, nothing is known about its ultrastructure and composition. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated in two toothed whales—an Atlantic spotted dolphin (Stenella frontalis; family Delphinidae) and a Blainville’s beaked whale (Mesoplodon densirostris; family Ziphiidae)—the presence of melanin granules associated with lipid droplets and membranes that were very similar to that of human NM. The relationship between NM and neuronal vulnerability must be studied in depth, and cetaceans may offer a new natural-spontaneous comparative model for the study of NM and its implication in neurodegenerative diseases.
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37

MacLeod, Colin D., Nan Hauser, and Hoyt Peckham. "Diversity, relative density and structure of the cetacean community in summer months east of Great Abaco, Bahamas." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 84, no. 2 (April 2004): 469–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315404009476h.

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Little is known about cetacean communities in the tropical and sub-tropical Atlantic. This paper describes the cetacean community found east of Great Abaco in the northern Bahamas (26·5°N) during summer months between 1998 and 2001. Nine species of cetaceans were recorded, which could be divided into two distinct groupings: firstly, ‘permanent’ species, which had relative sightings rates between 0·026–0·084 sightings per hour and which were recorded on many occasions in all years and most months; secondly, ‘sporadic’ species, which had relative sightings rates an order of magnitude lower (0·004–0·008 sightings per hour) and which were recorded on very few occasions. The ‘permanent’ species were the Stenella frontalis (Atlantic spotted dolphin), Kogia simus (the dwarf sperm whale), Mesoplodon densirostris (Blainville's beaked whale) and Ziphius cavirostris (Cuvier's beaked whale). These four species differed significantly in the depth of grid squares utilized (χ=20·25, df=9, P<0·01) suggesting that these species occupied four separate niches. Stenella frontalis dominated the surface feeding niche, while the remaining three deep-diving species segregated into different depth ranges. Kogia simus was the dominant species in water depths of less than 200 m, M. densirostris in water depths of 200 to 1000 m and Z. cavirostris in water depths of greater than 1000 m. The overall relative density (2·533 individuals per hour of effort) and diversity of species in the study area was relatively low and may relate to low levels of local productivity. It is hypothesized that the four ‘permanent’ species may competitively exclude ecologically similar species, resulting in a reduced number of species and that ‘sporadic’ species may only enter the study area during times of higher than usual productivity when the ‘permanent’ species are no longer able to dominate their individual niches.
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38

Volker, Cassandra L., and Denise L. Herzing. "Aggressive Behaviors of Adult Male Atlantic Spotted Dolphins: Making Signals Count during Intraspecific and Interspecific Conflicts." Animal Behavior and Cognition 8, no. 1 (February 1, 2021): 35–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.26451/abc.08.01.04.2021.

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Some species exhibit behavioral plasticity by altering their aggressive behavior based on their opponent. Atlantic spotted dolphins (Stenella frontalis) and bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) are two sympatric species resident to the northern Bahamas. We examined whether groups of adult male spotted dolphins demonstrated behavioral plasticity during two different types of aggressive interactions. We described and compared the types of aggressive behaviors used during intraspecific aggression and interspecific aggression with bottlenose dolphins. Between the years 1991-2004, twenty-two aggressive encounters (11 intraspecific (spotted only), 11 interspecific (spotted vs. bottlenose)) were behaviorally analyzed. Twenty-three specific aggressive Behavioral Events, further grouped into three Behavioral Types, were examined throughout these encounters. Similarities and differences in the use of the Behavioral Types occurred during intra- and interspecific aggression. Groups of male Atlantic spotted dolphins altered their behavior during aggressive encounters with male bottlenose dolphins. Spotted dolphins increased their use of the Pursuit Behavioral Type and did not use the Display Behavioral Type significantly more than the Contact Behavioral Type during interspecific aggression. The increased use of a more overt and energy intensive Behavioral Type, Pursuit, suggests that Atlantic spotted dolphins altered their behavior during aggressive encounters with bottlenose dolphins to compensate during fights with a larger species and/or to effectively communicate with a different species.
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39

MacLeod, Colin D., and Emma Bennett. "Pan-tropical spotted dolphins (Stenella attenuata) and other cetaceans around St Helena in the tropical south-eastern Atlantic." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 87, no. 1 (February 2007): 339–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315407052502.

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The occurrence, distribution and structure of cetacean communities in the tropical South Atlantic beyond the shelf edge are poorly known with little dedicated research occurring within this region. At 15°58′S 005°43′W, the island of St Helena is one of the few areas of land within this region and the only one that lies in the tropical south-eastern Atlantic. As a result, St Helena offers a unique opportunity to study cetaceans within this area using small boats and land-based observations. This paper describes the results of a preliminary, short-term survey of the cetacean community around St Helena in the austral winter of 2003. Pan-tropical spotted dolphins (Stenella attenuata) were the most numerous species recorded, followed by bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) and rough-toothed dolphins (Steno bredanensis), a species not previously reported from St Helena. This last species was only recorded occurring in mixed groups with bottlenose dolphins. Pan-tropical spotted and bottlenose dolphins differed in their spatial distribution around St Helena. While pan-tropical spotted dolphins were primarily recorded resting in large groups in the lee of the island during daylight hours, bottlenose dolphins and rough-toothed dolphins were recorded closer to shore and on both the windward and lee sides. Humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) were also recorded once during the survey, but interviews with local fishermen suggest that this species regularly occurs in the waters around St Helena in small numbers during the austral winter. The results of this preliminary survey suggest that the cetacean community around St Helena during this survey was relatively simple, consisting of up to three species that are present year-round and one seasonally occurring species in the nearshore waters, with a small number of additional species occurring occasionally in deeper offshore areas.
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40

Eierman, Laura E., Kristen Laccetti, Kelly Melillo-Sweeting, and J. Daisy Kaplan. "Interspecies pectoral fin contact between bottlenose dolphins and Atlantic spotted dolphins off Bimini, The Bahamas." Animal Behaviour 157 (November 2019): 167–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2019.09.002.

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41

Herzing, Denise L., and Cindy R. Elliser. "Nocturnal feeding of Atlantic spotted dolphins (Stenella frontalis) in the Bahamas." Marine Mammal Science 30, no. 1 (February 5, 2013): 367–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mms.12016.

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42

Azevedo, Alexandre F., L. Flach, Tatiana L. Bisi, Luciana G. Andrade, Paulo R. Dorneles, and J. Lailson-Brito. "Whistles emitted by Atlantic spotted dolphins (Stenella frontalis) in southeastern Brazil." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 127, no. 4 (April 2010): 2646–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.3308469.

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43

Myers, Alyson J., Denise L. Herzing, and David F. Bjorklund. "Synchrony during aggression in adult male Atlantic spotted dolphins (Stenella frontalis)." acta ethologica 20, no. 2 (May 3, 2017): 175–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10211-017-0262-7.

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44

Elliser, Cindy R., and Denise L. Herzing. "Long-term interspecies association patterns of Atlantic bottlenose dolphins,Tursiops truncatus, and Atlantic spotted dolphins,Stenella frontalis, in the Bahamas." Marine Mammal Science 32, no. 1 (June 12, 2015): 38–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mms.12242.

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45

Gurjao, Livio. "A NORTHERN RECORD OF PANTROPICAL SPOTTED DOLPHINS (Stenella attenuata) IN SOUTHWEST ATLANTIC OCEAN." Arquivos de Ciências do Mar 53, no. 1 (August 31, 2020): 24–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.32360/acmar.v53i1.43330.

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Pantropical spotted dolphins, Stenella attenuata, are found across all tropical and subtropical oceans around the world, but their distribution is poorly known in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean (SWA). A group of approximately 10 S. attenuata individuals was sighted in deep (~3,000 m), warm (~27.5 °C) and oligotrophic waters, near oceanic banks off northeastern Brazil (02°04’16.68” S and 038°08’28.26” W). This sighting constitute a new record of the northern distribution of S. attenuata in SWA. More survey efforts mustbe carried out to investigate cetaceans distribution along the Brazilian coast, especially inoffshore waters.
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46

Lopes, Xênia Moreira, Marcos César de Oliveira Santos, Ednilson da Silva, Manuela Bassoi, and Roberta Aguiar dos Santos. "[NO TITLE AVAILABLE]." Brazilian Journal of Oceanography 60, no. 2 (June 2012): 189–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-87592012000200009.

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This study presents new information on the feeding habits of the Atlantic spotted dolphins, Stenella frontalis, in the Western South Atlantic. Nine stomach contents of S. frontalis incidentally caught in fishing operations conducted by the gillnet fleet based on main harbour of Cananéia (25°00'S; 47°55'W), southeastern Brazil, were analyzed. These specimens were captured between 2005 and 2007. A total of 1 422 cephalopod beaks, 147 otoliths and three crustaceans were recovered from the stomach contents. The dolphins assessed preyed on at least eight different fish species of the families Trichiuridae, Carangidae, Sparidae, Merluccidae, Engraulidae, Sciaenidae, Congridae and Scombridae, five cephalopod species of the families Loliginidae, Sepiolidae, Tremoctopodidae and Thysanoteuthidae, and one shrimp species of the Penaeidae family. Based on the analysis of the Index of Relative Importance (IRI), the Atlantic cutlassfish, Trichiurus lepturus, was the most important fish species represented. Of the cephalopods, the squid Doryteuthis plei was by far the most representative species. Several items were reported for the first time as prey of the S. frontalis: Xiphopenaeus kroyeri, Tremoctopus violaceus, Semirossia tenera, Merluccius hubbsi, Pagrus pagrus and Paralonchurus brasiliensis. S. frontalis presented teuthophagous and ichthyofagous feeding habits, with apparent predominance of the first, and preyed mainly on pelagic and demersal items.
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dos Santos, Rui Peres, Susana Simião, Pedro Madruga, Ana Sofia Mendonça, Roland Seitre, and José Nuno Gomes-Pereira. "Anomalously White Atlantic Spotted Dolphins (Stenella frontalis, Cuvier, 1892) Off the Azores." Aquatic Mammals 42, no. 2 (June 1, 2016): 244–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1578/am.42.2.2016.244.

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48

Green, Michelle L., Denise L. Herzing, and John D. Baldwin. "Molecular Assessment of Mating Strategies in a Population of Atlantic Spotted Dolphins." PLOS ONE 10, no. 2 (February 18, 2015): e0118227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0118227.

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49

Frankel, Adam S., David Zeddies, Peter Simard, and David Mann. "Whistle source levels of free-ranging bottlenose dolphins and Atlantic spotted dolphins in the Gulf of Mexico." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 135, no. 3 (March 2014): 1624–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4863304.

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50

Green, Michelle L., Denise L. Herzing, and John D. Baldwin. "Reproductive success of male Atlantic spotted dolphins (Stenella frontalis) revealed by noninvasive genetic analysis of paternity." Canadian Journal of Zoology 89, no. 3 (March 2011): 239–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z10-111.

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Cetaceans are known to frequently engage in sexual behavior; however, the lack of male parental investment in offspring makes assessment of male reproductive success difficult. We assessed paternity in a small population (mean individuals sighted per year = 93) of Atlantic spotted dolphins ( Stenella frontalis (G. Cuvier, 1829)) utilizing noninvasively collected fecal material. Samples (n = 88) were collected from dolphins from four social clusters. Of the 29 offspring tested, 34.5% were assigned paternity, resulting in 10 paternities assigned to seven males. Our study indicates that achieving a certain age is a potential precursor for males to mate successfully, as 18 years was the youngest estimated age of a male at the time of calf conception. In all pairings but one, the males were older than the female (mean age difference = 7.7+ years). Successful males were from two of the four social clusters and males most often mated within their social group or with females from the next geographically closest group. The study combines genetic data with known maternal pedigree information and reveals patterns in the overall mating system in a cetacean species where reproductive success of males was previously unknown.
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