Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Atlantique Nord (région) – Histoire'
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Resche, Antoine. "L'exploitation de la ligne de l'Atlantique Nord par les compagnies françaises et britanniques (1890-1940)." Thesis, Nantes, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NANT2024/document.
Full textThis is a study of three french and british shipping lines (White Star Line, Cunard Line, Compagnie générale transatlantique) on the North Atlantic trade from the 1890s to 1940, which aims understand what where the major challenges for running this route, those challenges being evolutions of the trade, of safety rules or in the implication of governments and patriotic competition. This research work studies how companies with differents flags fought similar problems, and aims to see if the answers were differents by nationalities in a world more and more globalized. It studies how France and United Kingdom engaged themselves in the trade by the mean of subventions (for postal or military missions) and how governments tried to save the companies during periods of crisis. This works also shows how speed, size and even names of the liners became patriotic symbols in periods when nationalism was a growing tendance. It also studies the evolution of the trade : decrease of mass migrations, appearance of middle class and tourism, to understand how three different companies faced those mutations. At last, those researchs show how shipping lanes faces the question of safety with an international answer
Raoulx, Benoît. "Îles du grand large : Des îles Feroe aux îles malouines." Caen, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993CAEN1118.
Full textMartin, de Bellerive Jean-Michel. "Le développement du fret aérien sur la zone atlantique nord." Toulouse 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU10046.
Full textThe development of a certain form of transport depends on two main factors. An external factor the evolution of trade (volume nature aspect). An inner one : the carrying out of means and services well suited to the needs and developed by the carriers. Worldy speaking it is undoubtedly in the North Atlantic zone where their freight is the best integrated into the commercial networks. Because of this advantage added to the numerous opportunities such as its abilities, frequencies, pre and post dispatching facilities the air freight should experience a steady growth in the next few years. In this case the following up of the rates policy and the shortening of the dispatching delays imposing at the same time new restraints upon the carriers will occasion in the end an increase of the activity. The competition between the whole of both european and north american companies as well as the results obtained the past years shows obviously the importance of such a wave and its potentiality for the development
Eynaud, Fréderique. "Kystes de dinoflagelles et évolution paléoclimatique et paléohydrologique de l'Atlantique Nord au cours du dernier cycle climatique du Quaternaire." Bordeaux 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR10636.
Full textDrévillon, Marie. "Interaction océan-atmosphère à l'échelle saisonnière sur la région Atlantique-Nord-Europe : rôle des routes dépressionnaires et mécansimes associés sur la variabilité climatique." Toulouse 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU30224.
Full textObservational studies reveal a lagged relationship between mid latitude North Atlantic summer Sea Surface Temperatures (SST) and next winter atmospheric circulation over the North Atlantic Europe (NAE) region. Another interaction is found between autumn tropical Atlantic SST and next winter atmospheric circulation in the NAE region. A model study with a hierarchy of models, complexifying towards a more realistic ocean, together with a set of storm track activity diagnostics, are used to show the central role played by the storm track in the ocean-atmosphere interaction processes inducing those lagged relationships. Long coupled atmosphere-ocean experiments (150 years) show that these mechanisms have an impact on longer time scales variability (decadal to centenary)
Ferré, Sandrine. "L'édition au Canada atlantique : le défi de publier une région." Paris 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA030098.
Full textIn the four provinces of atlantic canada -consisting of nova scotia, new brunswick, prince edward island and newfoundland- a thriving publishing industry has developed since the 1950s. There were three major stages in the renaissance of publishing in the region, remarkable both in terms of its scope and diversity. In the 1950s and 1960s, while canada was noticeably increasing its support to culture, the pioneers of atlantic publishing, although still a cottage industry, produced the first poetry chapbooks and books on regional history. In the 1970s, while an enthusiastic wave of "regionalism" swept the country, book publishing in the atlantic region took off. New publishing houses were set up in each province with the aim of producing books that could foster and expose a distinctively regional atlantic culture. However, with its origins in a peripheral region of canada struggling to maintain its position within the confederation and suffering from a troubled economy, this regional culture could only partially succeed in gaining fair recognition and in securing its full integration into the broad, national culture. Therefore, in the 1980s and 1990s, book publishers as well as writers in the region have attempted to create their own cultural institutions to guarantee the future development of their activity. While regional publishing continues to thrive, publishers have become aware of new economic imperatives that must meddle with their constant cultural involvement
Conil, Sébastien. "Modélisation de l'influence océanique sur la variablilité atmosphérique dans la région Atlantique Nord Europe." Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066068.
Full textCampan, Agnès. "Analyse cinematique de l'atlantique equatorial : implications sur l'evolution de l'atlantique sud et sur la frontiere de plaques amerique du nord/amerique du sud." Paris 6, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA066555.
Full textClairbaux, Manon. "Paysages énergétiques des oiseaux marins hivernant en Atlantique Nord dans le contexte des changements climatiques." Thesis, Montpellier, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020MONTG022.
Full textSeabirds are particularly vulnerable to the direct and indirect effects of climate change, however little is known about those impacts outside of the breeding season. This lack of knowledge is problematic because the conditions encountered during migration and wintering strongly shape seabird population dynamics. It is therefore essential to understand the effects of climate on their winter distribution and migration routes. Linking the distribution of organisms to environmental factors is therefore a primary task benefiting from the concept of energyscapes (defined as the variation of an organism's energy requirements across space according to environmental conditions) which has recently provided a mechanistic explanation for the distribution of many animals. In this context, we have predicted the current and future winter habitats of five species representing 75% of the seabird community in the North Atlantic (Alle alle, Fratercula arctica, Uria aalge, Uria lomvia and Rissa tridactyla). To this aim, we monitored the movements of more than 1500 individuals to identify the birds' preferred habitats through resource selection functions based on the modeling of their energy expenditure and prey availability. Electronic tracking data were also overlaid with cyclone locations to map areas of high exposure for the seabird community across the North Atlantic. In addition, we explored the energetic consequences of seabird exposure to storms using a mechanistic bioenergetic model (Niche MapperTM). Finally, we examined the impact of total summer sea ice melt from 2050 on Arctic bird migration. Our analyses predict a northward shift in the preferred wintering areas of the North Atlantic seabird community, especially if global warming exceeds 2°C. Our results suggest that cyclonic conditions do not increase the energy requirements of seabirds, implying that they die from the unavailability of prey and/or inability to feed during cyclones. Finally, the melting sea ice at the North Pole may soon allow 29 species of Arctic birds to make new trans-Arctic migrations between the Atlantic and the Pacific. We also estimate that an additional 26 currently migratory species could remain in the Arctic year-round. This work illustrates how climate change could radically alter the biogeography of migratory species and we provide a methodological toolbox to assess and predict these changes by combining movement ecology and energetic physiology
Bailet, François Napoléon. "L' approche juridique du système international d'interdiction du narco-trafic maritime dans la région Caraibe/Atlantique Nord-Ouest." Nice, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NICE0049.
Full textGuemas, Virginie. "Rôle de la surface marine sur la variabilité intrasaisonnière estivale de l'atmosphère dans la région Nord Atlantique Europe." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00451936.
Full textLoewen, Brad. "Les barriques de Red Bay et l'espace Atlantique septentrional, vers 1565." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0001/NQ43086.pdf.
Full textLecointre, Albanne. "Variabilité interannuelle à décennale en Altantique nord et mers nordiques : étude conjointe d'observations, de simulations numériques et réanalyses." Grenoble 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009GRE10308.
Full textThis work aims to characterise and quantify the differences between large-scale oceanic climatic indices simulated by a 9-member set of realistic numerical ocean models (five hindcasts and four reanalyses). The focus is on the North Atlantic region. The following climatic indices : meridional overturning circulation and meridional heat transport, are diagnosed in the various models. The models are run over a common period of nine years. The focus of this study is climatic variability at interannual scales. The influence of numerical parameters, such as spatial configuration and resolution, and the influence of various sequential data assimilation schemes, are evaluated. We evaluate them through comparison with observed large-scale climatic indices. The model solutions exhibit a strong diversity concerning the averaged values and the temporal variations of the meridional volume and heat transports. The ocean reanalyses considered in this study, although constrained towards an observed ocean, do not converge towards the coherent large-scale climatic indices. These reanalyses are not coherent, neither between each other, nor compared to available observational estimations, underlying the difficulty to simulate coherent large-scale climatic indices with local data assimilation
Boulhaïs, Nordine. "Les Chaoui͏̈a du bassin de la Sambre : histoire et culture d'une communauté berbère." Lille 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LIL30018.
Full textBergeron, Andrée. "La région des monts du Fer-à-Cheval (Atlantique Nord) : détermination de sa structure profonde par modélisation gravimétrique tri-dimensionnelle." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STR13127.
Full textBeaufort, Luc. "Dynamique du nannoplancton calcaire au cours du Néogène : implications climatiques et océanographiques." Lyon 1, 1991. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02307706/document.
Full textSanfo, Zakaria. "Histoire des champs latéritiques aurifère de la région d'Aribinda (Nord Burkina Faso) : application à la prospection en zone sub-sahélienne." Aix-Marseille 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994AIX30051.
Full textGourcuff, Claire. "Étude de la variabilité de la circulation du gyre subpolaire de l’Atlantique Nord à partir des données Ovide et des mesures satellitaires." Brest, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BRES2042.
Full textThe cyclonic circulation of the North Atlantic subpolar gyre, between 50°N and 63°N, plays a key role in the climate variability. The Ovide program contributes to the observation of the circulation in this region. A section is repeated every two years in summer since 2002 between Greenland and Portugal following a path close the Fourex 1997 section. To get transport estimates across the sections, a geostrophic box inverse model is used, constrained with direct current measurements. Our new estimates of Fourex transports show the need to use constraints temporally associated with the section to get transports estimates representative of the circulation at the section realisation dates. It is also shown that altimetry velocities can be used instead of ADCP measurements to get transports across sections with the inverse model, provided that the a priori errors is correctly evaluated. Analysis of circulation across Ovide 2006 section display significantly weaker transports compared to 1997, 2002 and 2004, for aIl the main currents as well as for the Meridional Overturning Cell and the heat transport. Altimetry is used to interpret surface variability along the Ovide section from 1992 to 2007. An index is defined, which seems to indicate that northward surface transport was especially low during the whole year 2006 and turn back to less extreme values in the following years. Variability in freshwater fluxes across Fourex 1997, Ovide 2002, 2004 and 2006 sections is revealed in the last chapter, together with the EGCC position. This coastal current transport represents 15% of the total freshwater transport across the section
Zaouali, Lilia. "Villes portuaires et présences européennes en Barbarie ottomane (XVIe-XVIIe siècles)." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040011.
Full textBuchet, Christian. "La lutte pour l’espace caraïbe et la façade atlantique de l’Amérique centrale et du sud entre 1672 et 1763." Paris 4, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA040097.
Full textThe following study on geo-strategic expeditions falls into two parts: the first one deals with the tactics and strategies used by the various protagonists mainly England and France. In this part, we have a chronological presentation of each of the expeditions and an analysis of the factors leading to the success or the failure of each of them (14 chapters ). As to the second part it deals with three aspects which, according to the first analysis, seem to have played a most deciding role: *the characteristics of the war ships that were sent in order to gauge their effects according to the results previously obtained ( 2 chapters ) *the sanitary problems (2 chapters). (The first chapter quantifies from the ships muster and pay books the losses of two squadrons. The second chapter analyses the factors conditioning losses in the sanitary field). *the logistics of the supplies (9 chapters - England and France)
Cardon, Dominique. "Technologie de la draperie médiévale d'après la règlementation technique du nord-ouest méditerranéen : Languedoc-Roussillon-Catalogne-Valence-Majorque : XIIIe-XVe siècles." Montpellier 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON30035.
Full textThe inportant corpus of gild regulations available from the archives of the north-west mediterranean regions allows a thorough technological analysis of the various stages of the woollen-cloth production:from the choice of wools to the various branches of the dye-industry, including spinning, weaving, fulling and shearing. A new methodological approach is experimented: the systematic conversion of quantitative data into metric measurements and the interpretation of the results in the light of the technical analysis of various mediaeval textile fragments. From this works, and from the quantity of oritinal details provided by the sources, a more precise vision of the european woollencloth industry arises. It raises the question of real quality standards in the major european textile centers in lediaeval ages
Jacquot, Myriam. "Christianisation et cadres de la vie religieuse au nord-ouest du diocèse de Toul : des origines à la fin du XIIème siècle." Nancy 2, 2004. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/NANCY2/doc208/2004NAN21001_1.pdf.
Full textThe christianization of North-Western Toul Diocese, e frontier zone between the Empire and Francia, a wooded plateau that rivers groove and old tracks cross, took place in three periods : at first, under Merovingians a lot of chuches were built. Then, under Carolingians this action was extended but not in such an important way. After the year one thousand only few churches were still created. The dedications are very diverse and show how the West had an effect upon that, more particularly Reims diocese. The laity are the main fouders of these buildings that serve their lands. The foundations are very much bound up with the roads and the rivers which are a vector of encouters and human settlements. The creation of parishes proceeded along a contrary way to the one of churches, and it's difficult to observe it in every detail. Few in number during the first period, they increased under Carolingians and multiplied after the year one tousand. The abbeys and the bishop of Toul were almost missing from thi area before the eleventh century. Then Cistercians and Premontrean institutions were settled, helped by the seigniorial families
Servonnat, Jérôme. "Variabilité climatique en Atlantique Nord au cours du dernier millénaire : evaluation de l'influence du forçage solaire avec le modèle IPSLCM4." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010VERS0055.
Full textMy work during my PhD has been the evaluation of the influence of solar forcing on climate variability during the last millennium with the IPSLCM4_v2 coupled model. I achieved two numerical simulations of the climate of the last millennium for this purpose. The first one consists in a millennium-long control integration, and the second one (SGI) was forced by reconstructions of the Total Solar Irradiance, CO2 concentrations and orbital parameters during the last millennium. The main results of my thesis are : the forcings significantly affect the temperature variance for geographical extent wider than 5. 106km² (extent of Europe). This result brought the spatial framework for model-data comparisons. The simulated amplitude of the Northern Hemisphere temperature variability is in agreement with the temperature reconstructions. A mismatch has been evidenced between SGI and the reconstructions between 1000 and 1200 AD, during the so-called Medieval Warm Period. The study of the forcings signature in Europe has shown that solar forcing appears clearly in numerical simulations from the ANR ESCARSEL project, but it much weaker in the studied temperature reconstruction. The conclusion of my work is that the solar forcing used in the simulation does not allow explaining totally the secular temperature evolution between 1000 and 1850 AD, either on the Northern Hemisphere or in Europe
Schirmer, Raphaël. "Le renouveau du vignoble nantais." Paris 4, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA040218.
Full textIn Nantes region, vineyard is experiencing a true revival. Wine production is now focused on quality. An attempt was first made but failed at the end of the 18th century and during the 19th century. Consequently, we are now the witnesses of this revival. After a period of disinterest, Nantes renews with its wines. Furthermore, wine production conditions have completely changed. Today, good wines can be produced
Fort, Jérôme. "Réponses des oiseaux marins de l'Arctique aux contraintes environnementales hivernales dans le contexte des changements climatiques." Montpellier 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON20268.
Full textHarsh environmental conditions encountered in North Atlantic during wintertime, characterized by frequent extreme weather events, are among the most challenging constraints for endothermic animals. Seabirds, which experience this environment for many months per year, play a central role in North Atlantic food webs, notably as top predators and indicators of marine ecosystems. In the current context of climate change, pronounced in North Atlantic waters, it is therefore a major objective to understand how seabirds respond and adapt to these environmental constraints shaping their survival and their population dynamics. We used a multidisciplinary approach (combining microelectronics, stable isotopic analyses, bioenergetics modelling and demography) focused on individual energy balance, to study the ecophysiological plasticity of the 3 main alcid species of the North Atlantic. We found that harsh winter conditions induce an energetic bottleneck for seabirds which might explain recurrent events of winter mass mortality, so called ‘seabird winter wrecks'. In response to increased energy expenditure, we showed that seabirds can adopt different strategies allowing higher energy intake. They can modulate their vertical (diving behaviour) and/or horizontal (migration) movements, as well as their trophic status, depending on the spatial and temporal availability of their prey. All together, these results constitute one of the first comprehensive studies of seabird winter ecology. These insights are essential to a better understanding of their population dynamics and constitute a firm foundation to future investigations of the impact of climate change on marine top predators
Muths, Delphine. "Structures génétique et démographique des populations de deux espèces d'ophiures aux caractéristiques biologiques contrastées, Acrocnida brachiata et Ophiothrix fragilis, an Atlantique Nord-Est." Paris 6, 2006. http://hal.upmc.fr/tel-01117696.
Full textBagan, Ghislain. "Espaces et sociétés en Méditerranée nord-occidentale durant la Protohistoire." Montpellier 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON30069.
Full textAt the crossroads of archaeology, geography, and anthropology, we propose here a multi scalar approach to the human societies’ environment in north-western Mediterranean between the end of the Bronze Age and the Roman period. From the Ebro to the Rhone, we will investigate the questions related to the daily environment of the group, to its neighbourhood relations with other communities, and to the cultural areas. The spatial distribution of the necropolis will constitute for example an essential source of information on the size and shape of the territories. On another scale, it will be important to develop the notions of transitions and cultural frontiers, to insist on the degree of sedentary life, and on the process of territorial stabilization, whether it was initiated by a grouped or dispersed settlement…Taking into account the major historical events of the Mediterranean Sea, and also the individual history of the indigenous groups, the continuity and ruptures of the establishment systems will be examined : themes such as the evaluation of the perennate character of the indigenous structures, pre-existing the Mediterranean trade, but also the restructuration of the networks linked with commercial pressure (establishment of economic areas) will plainly enter the reasoning
Mezop, Temgoua Alice Lucie. "Archéologie, traditions orales et ethnographie au nord du Cameroun: histoire du peuplement de la région du Faro durant le dernier millénaire." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209940.
Full textDans ce travail, j’apporte par le biais d'une approche historique et comparative des éléments susceptible d’expliquer, d’une part la complexité qui caractérise le peuplement du Faro et, d’autre part, la façon dont le peuplement de cette région a évolué au cours du dernier millénaire. Il est également question de faire progresser la réflexion méthodologique, en évaluant la façon dont les modèles obtenus par l’archéologie peuvent être confrontés avec ceux qui se basent sur les traditions orales, les éléments de la culture matérielle actuelle et la linguistique.
L’étude des traditions orales a permis de classer par ordre chronologique les éléments historiques importants et d’établir une histoire du peuplement durant ces derniers siècles. Elle confirme qu’il est possible de reconnaître des racines remontant au delà du 19ème siècle à la plupart des groupes qui peuplent encore la région aujourd’hui, ainsi que de nombreuses ruptures dans l’histoire du peuplement du Faro. Contrairement aux travaux antérieurs, la plus importante de ces fractures date du début du 19ème siècle, avec l’occupation des conquérants foulbé, qui ont provoqué l’insécurité généralisée, la division de la région en deux et les plus importantes déportations de populations des plaines vers les montagnes refuges.
L’approche archéologique a permis d’établir la première séquence chrono-culturelle du Faro au cours du dernier millénaire. Si la présence d’un peuplement ancien dans la plaine était envisagée, l’étude archéologique apporte la preuve que des communautés humaines vivent dans le Faro depuis environ 1000 ans. A partir du 15ème siècle, des modifications surviennent. Celles-ci se manifestent surtout par l’apparition d’une nouvelle poterie ornée au Blepharis sp. Lorsque l’on compare la carte de distribution des sites associés à cette céramique, au trajet suivi par les Bata, qui remontent le cours du Faro en implantant des villages et à l’aire d’extension des langues tchadiques au Faro, il semble plausible que de nouvelles populations occupent la région vers le milieu du dernier millénaire de notre ère. Pour le 19ème siècle bien documenté par les traditions orales, les données archéologiques viennent renforcer l’idée d’une profonde rupture durant cette période.
En abordant l’histoire du peuplement du Faro, il était nécessaire d’examiner le concept de l’ethnicité comme il est classiquement employé dans la région. D’une manière générale, l’étude conforte l’idée qu’il est très difficile d’aborder la profondeur historique des identités des groupes actuels.
La confrontation entre les faits des cultures vivantes et les résultats archéologiques a permis d’évaluer les potentialités de raisonnements historique et comparatif. On ne peut que constater, dans cet exemple concret, le grand intérêt qu’il y a à fonder la reconstitution du passé sur de multiples sources.
Doctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Laubier, Muriel. "L'apport des inclusions magmatiques primitives à l'origine des basaltes océaniques : exemples de la zone FAMOUS (ride médio-Atlantique Nord) et du point chaud de la Réunion." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/15/56/57/PDF/PhD.pdf.
Full textJolly, Marc Taïmour. "Structures génétiques et histoires évolutives de polychètes inféodées aux sédiments fins envasés dans l' Atlantique Nord Est : les genres Pectinaria sp. et Owenia sp." Paris 6, 2005. http://hal.upmc.fr/tel-01115444.
Full textMaulois, Regis. "Atlantique noir et productions musicales : le reggaeton comme marque/trace de l'archipel caribéen." Thesis, Perpignan, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PERP0006.
Full textMusic, as a common means of expression to all civilizations, is at the center of the explosion of current societal and cultural productions. In the Americas, the 1960s were marked by important struggles for the conquest of equality, the recognition of cultures previously considered minor, and major trans-regional and transcontinental migrations. Among these struggles, those of the Black communities have caught my attention, including major figures like Martin Luther King, Malcolm X, Angela Davis, as well as political and cultural organizations, such as the Black Panthers. However, in the Caribbean, these truggles were already present in the 1930s with Marcus Garvey and his movement (UNIA). In general, it has led to focus on social disqualification of Black peoples, the cultures they carry, their "diferred citizenship" (V. Lavou). In Caribbean societies, ultimately hybrid , according to acknowledged scholars, the black movement has undoubtedly had a major impact, thereby determining all folklore and cultural expressions. It is the same with Reggaeton. Although identified as "Latin" Reggaeton, it remains for many a commercial avatar, a "manufactured product" of the entertainment industry. But, nevertheless it will be noted as the collective adherence to this music from many "Latino" as the identification effects it causes. One of the assumptions that I share is that this music "reflects" the revolt against injustice, social domination, racial, poverty. In this sense, Reggaeton gathers all urban African-Latin American popular music's features, like African-American urban popular music (USA). From this point of view, the "Reggaeton" is at at the same time an "outlet", a space of contradictory "identity negotiations" (sexism, homophobia, cult of individual success, violence, etc.), as a means to exist socially through specific codes. By questionning Reggaeton as a "analyser” of socio-political contradictions of the Caribbean archipelago and its diasporas, this thesis aims to restore its complexity, beyond purely moralistic considerations. Using conceptual tools like Paul Gilroy's "Black Atlantic", Claude Clanet's interculturality and the creolization concept of Edouard Glissant, among others, I analyze migration and social dynamics behind the emergence of Reggaeton and therefore identity tensions it contains
Roosen, Sylvie. "Des "Plaines des Promesses" aux solitudes du "bush" (Nord-Est australien) : affirmations identitaires dans une région vide d'hommes." Paris 4, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA040197.
Full textEven though the multiculturalism of the Australian urban society diffused overseas, the bicultural aspect of the bush is often forgotten : the Australian bush is whether Aboriginal, whether non-Aboriginal. .
Gutierrez, Luisa Maria. "Acteurs et aménagement du territoire dans l'état de Sonora. L'émergence d'une région au Nord-Ouest de Mexique." Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030174.
Full textThe state of Sonora is located in northwest of Mexico. Spread over 184,934 square kilometers, it is the second largest state in the country. Its border state condition in the northwestern Mexico and its access to the Gulf of Ca|ifornia,gives Sonora an important geostrategic position in the American continent. The geographical, historical and economic characteristics of the region of Sonora, distant from the center of the country, imply to measure and understand the role of the local and federal actors in the evolution of urban and industrial dynamics. The presence of desert areas associated with limited water resources impose the need for an original and sustainable approach and allows to understand the peculiarities of the development of this territory. Since the late twentieth century and the signing of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), the different actors are working to build a dynamic region, able to face the challenges posed by globalization
Eddé, Anne-Marie. "La principauté ayyoubide d'Alep (1579-1183-658/1260)." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040191.
Full textThe ayyubid kingdom of Aleppo was ruled by Saladin’s direct descendants. This thesis deals with the history of Aleppo and northern Syria from 1183 when Saladin took the city to 1260, year of the Mongol invasion. In the first part, Aleppo’s political relations with its many neighbors are analyzed: the ayyubid states, France, Armenians, Seljukids of Anatolia, Zengids and Artuqids of northern Mesopotamia. The second and most important part explains of the commercial and urban development which took place at that time. It also treats the nature of the sultan's power, the relations between, the rulers and the urban elite and the foundations of the state such as the army and the administration. Il deals finally with the social, religious and cultural life, in other words with the study of the main religious functions, the ascetic and mystic life, the leading families, the system of teaching and learning as well as the relations between Sunnites, Shiites , Christians and Jews
El, Maoula El Iraki Aziz. "Petites villes et villes moyennes : Etat, migrants et élites locales. Cas de trois villes de la région Nord-Ouest marocaine." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00503146.
Full textCho, Choonho. "Le problème de sécurité dans la zone du Pacifique du Nord-Est (1959-1978)." Montpellier 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON30027.
Full textMost of the studies about the zone of north-eastern pacific and its future are made from an economical point of view. On the contrary, our analysis concerns to the political and military aspect. This is not the work of an archivist, but a synthesis which is supposed to be used as a practical tool for researchers interested in the evolution or in special facts of the international relations in the north-eastern pacific. We have shown this period's specificity, regarding the past other ones, in two ways, which are causally connected. The sino-sovietic conflict of 1960 on one side has shown that national peculiarities can change the nature of the communist system. Consequently, on the other side, americans started to think that the different communist systems could cancel each other out. This new conception can explain the easing of the relations between the usa and china (from 1959-1978) in order to neutralize north vietnam and ussr. As a consequence, and in spite of a certain expansion between 1959 and 1978 (but a weaker one than between 1945-1959), communism has been dismantled in asia. Although america is still the main foreign power in the region, the after cold war could make unuseful the system of military bases settled after 1945. Despite of their bad feelings about some aspects of the american policy, non-communist countries are still dependent on its military power. The american political power in pacific asia seems even stronger than some thirty years ago. Free from the vietnam mess, the usa are therefore more capable to intervene freely. Moreover, the usa are in front of clients constantly wanting for support. Nevertheless, the unstable life of these under-systems which guarantee the usa's political power in the region could weaken its strong position
Maneuvrier-Hervieu, Paul. "La Normandie dans l'économie Atlantique au 18e siècle : production, commerce et crises." Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMC032.
Full textAfter the long years of the Louis XIV’s wars, the return of peace in Europe and on the seas represented the beginning of a new era in the history of Normandy. Within a few years, ports were back on the road to growth thanks to thedevelopment of the colonies and the resumption of commercial activities. The massive arrival of colonial products and in particular of the "cotton king", brought about many changes in urban centres and countryside where spinning was booming. The development of the Atlantic economy and its importance for the Norman economy was, however,not without consequences. Even if it brought a certain ease and enabled many rural inhabitants to ensure their daily subsistence, it sealed at the same time the fate of a part of the population to the commercial activities and the vicissitudes of the textile industry, which was rapidly expanding. This dissertation relies on a quantitative and spatial analysis, with a focus on crises and subsistence riots, to study the consequences of the integration of Normandy in the Atlantic economy. Beyond a re-examination of the crisis that erupted between the Peace of Utrecht and the American War of Independence, this research focuses on two emblematic periods marked by major transformations. The signature in 1786 of the so-called Eden-Rayneval trade treaty between France and England, which put an end to the mercantilist policy in force since 1713, marked the beginning of the first period. The second is that of the crisis caused by the French Revolution, the revolt of the slaves in Saint-Domingue in 1791, and the return of the war on the seas in 1793
Franchomme, Magalie. "Du cadastre napoléonien à la trame verte, le devenir des petites zones humides périurbaines en région Nord-Pas-de-Calais." Thesis, Lille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL10064/document.
Full textThe literature on wetlands mostly concems a limited number of "emblematic" natural spaces and neglects the exIstence of a large number of small wetlands, which are rarely mentioned when not outnght forgotten. The needs of the regionnal planning in. the urbanized regions modify appreciably the outlook of land planners on the latter areas, because they become the support of projects which fit ·within the framework of the Sustanable. development..This situation calls for a renewal of classic approaches and analytical tools such as used in the context of The national research Programme into wetlands. Throug the examples of the Guines marsh, the Sensée valleys and the Haute Deûle (Nord-Pas de Calais), the point is less to characterise and circumscribe wetlands, and to understand how they work than to define and examine the human interventions, past and present and their efIects on spaces and landscapes. Research was therefore articulated around two main investigations ::- the first is a histoncal study of the successive states of the landscape and of the relationships between society and Its environment. The approach consIsted in reconstructmg past land covers from archivaI documents and aerial photographs, - the second is a study of what is currently at stake in wetlands and how they are being appropriated by local and regional public policies. Those marshes used to be charactenzed, until recent time, by contradictory evolutions, their present integration into the regional urban landscape is gradually erasing their differences and could compromise their future as natural spaces ln the long run, what is the possIble evolution of these sururban wetlands ?
Bregain, Gildas. "L'internationalisation imparfaite d'une modernité nord-atlantique : essai d'histoire croisée des politiques publiques du handicap en Argentine, au Brésil et en Espagne (1956-1982)." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01037929.
Full textHaidar, Mohammad. "La France face aux enjeux de l'Amérique du nord et des Antilles : 1700-1763." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA070027.
Full textDuring the period 1700-1763 marked by three major wars: the War of Spanish Succession, the War of Austrian Succession and the Seven Years War, France was faced with multiple and uneven challenges in different geographical areas: in Europe, in the colonies of North America and Caribbean archipelago with great maritime challenges. France does not give equal priority to each one of these three challenges that were different natures: political, economic, maritime, military, geopolitical, geostrategic and diplomatic. The importance of each one challenge for the French depended of the situation of France in Europe and the situation of French navy against the British navy. Through the period mentioned, European challenges occupied the first degree of importance because France was to preserve its dominance in Europe and achieve its political projects at the expense of its rivals. However, the degree of importance of the challenges depended of maritime and colonial power relations between France and England, British naval supremacy and the importance of European challenges for France caused a dramatic effect on the colonies that were often abandoned or neglected. Stop the British supremacy at sea was the second priority for France. Without stop the British supremacy at sea, it was not possible for France to resist the British ambitions in North America, it led to significant losses for colonial France
Benyahia, Driss. "Médina et ville nouvelle : Tétouan et sa région, le devenir d'une ville du nord-ouest marocain au temps du protectorat (1912-1956)." Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA070078.
Full textThis work highlights the history of Tétouan Medina which covers two periods from 19th century up to the first half of the 20th century. The first half deals with : i) the various relationships which bound Tetouan with the central government; ii) social structure ; iii) the inflection time for the Tétouan city after his first forced contact with Europe. The latter have triggered a process of social change leading to the integration of Tétouan in the capitalist world in the early 20th century and were crowned by the protectorate treaty. The second period covers the process of space Hispanicization which resulted in significant historical changes concerning i) the architectural and urban spaces, the population mobility and its impact on demographic increase. Ii) redefining the role of the Téttaounie bourgeois nationalist intelligentsia adopting an "Hispanophile" discourse as reaction to the "Maurophile" spanish policy. From 1930 , political parties, modern educational institutions and an Arabic press reflected the ideological positions of bourgeois nationalism. They were an important sign of intellectual and political adaptation of Téttaounie bourgeoisie against the colonialism. Besides, this work focuses first on the importance and function of old and new social spaces of the Tétouan Medina as representative places of social, intellectual (fountains , prints , book fairs, press. . . ) , artistic ( cinema and fine art. . . ) and leisure sociability ( cafés , bars , private clubs, sports , etc. . . )
Mellas, Samira. "Evaluation du risque tsunamique sur le littoral atlantique marocain." Phd thesis, Université Paul Valéry - Montpellier III, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00826963.
Full textMondon, Hélène. "Les premiers « déplacés spéciaux » de Stalin et leur destinée dans le Nord européen de l’URSS." Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040115.
Full text« Dekulakization » represents the single largest operation from all Stalinist mass deportations. In 1930 and 1931, more than one million eight hundred thousands peasants were sent into internal exile, becoming Stalin’s first « special settlers ».In 1930, the Soviet Northern territory was chosen to be the laboratory of this repressive and social experimentation on human beings, which obliged thousands and thousands of peasant families to extract the natural resources of these fozen hinterlands. They had to remain durably in the so-called « special villages » built for their reforging.This research, based on archival materials combined with survivor’s stories, endeavors to retrace the evolution of this experimental deportation and moreover to document the history of everyday life in the emerging order of the Gulag’s « special settlements ». It throws new light on the fate of peasant families in the North, their strategies to survive when facing the most horrific first years of repression, as well as their ways of adaptation and rehabilitation within society since the second half of the 1930s. This dissertation states the changes occurred in the « special settlements » during the war and charts the process of the deportees’ liberation after eighteen years of exile, which pointed out the end of the longest deportation initiated, and finally defused by Stalin
Lebel-Cliqueteux, Aurélie. "Le consentement des époux à la séparation : l'officialité de Cambrai à la croisée des influences (XIVe-XVIIIe siècles)." Lille 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LIL20002.
Full textCanon law organized the legal separation settlement, which was considered as a sanction. It was the monopoly of ecclesiatic courts in the Middle Ages, who succeded in States. In the meridional part of the Low-Countries, the officiality of Cambrai progressively allowed husband and wife obtain " divortium quoad thorum " by consent and for temperament incompatibility. Secular courts, while they seized upon the issue, had a completely different practice of it, restricting the rigth to obtain legal separation to the most serious situtions, making husband and wife consent ineffective. At the end of the Ancien Régime, the officiality of Cambrai, then under french soverignty, progressively adopted this kind of legal practice, doing away an ancient tradition inheritated from the Romans and that the french Revolution will reintroduce
Valérian, Dominique. "Bougie, port maghrébin à la fin du Moyen âge (1067-1510)." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010693.
Full textDeperne, Marcel. "La Belle Rivière dans l'espace atlantique, 1783-1815 : migrations commerciales francophones entre Pittsburgh (PA) et Henderson (KY)." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LAROF003.
Full textHistoriography often neglects the part of Francophone migrants in the young American republic, merely following the route of the most famous political exiles banished by the French Revolution and the Restoration, or the Utopians dreaming to establish a new society in the New World. In the Early Republic faced with the thorny problem of slavery, the agony of colonial empires and the birth of entrepreneurship and capitalism, many migrants tried fortune beyond the Atlantic Ocean, between 1783 and 1815, establishing in the “Creole corridor” powerful commercial, cultural and religious ties between east coast, New Orleans, West Indies and Atlantic space. This is the purpose of this discussion that borrows the path opened by the Atlantic history, and proposes, through the study of correspondence and archival resources, an innovative history of francophone business migrations from Pittsburgh to Louisville in the age of the Atlantic Revolutions
Nirrengarten, Michael. "Modes de déformation et implications cinématiques des marges hyper-étirées : les exemples du sud de l'Atlantique Nord." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAH014/document.
Full textDeformation modes of magma-poor hyper-extended rift systems evolve through time and space. Hence the observed structures and architectures vary along a depth section as well as on a map. This study aims to characterize the deformation modes of hyper-extended systems and their propagation using the examples of the southern North Atlantic. The architecture of the continental crust termination has been compared to the critical Coulomb wedge theory because it has a wedge shape, the final deformation is brittle/frictional and this wedge is gliding over a basal detachment. This theory highlights the distinct behavior of the two conjugate margins. Moreover it constrains crustal architecture of the continental crust termination, integrates continentward dipping faults and explains the formation of extensional allochthons in a sequential faulting model. The integration of deformation modes in an evolving 3D model necessitates a reliable kinematic context, which is not the case for the opening of the southern North Atlantic Ocean. This is linked to the interpretation of the J-magnetic anomaly as an oceanic isochron. Re-investigations of this anomaly revealed its polygenic and polyphased formation, which is inconsistent for an oceanic isochrons or a domain boundary making it unusable for plate reconstruction. The evolution of rift deformation has been analyzed with a new plate reconstruction of the southern North Atlantic. It appears that the continental crust deformation is segmented whereas oceanic crust propagates in a V-shape. The approach developed in this thesis also asks new geodynamical questions on the influence of inheritance and the effect of triple junction
Lortie, Richard. "La guerre des renards, 1700-1740 ou Quatre décennies de résistance à l'expansionnisme français." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29328.
Full textManske, Maike. "La mer Baltique comme destination de voyages : l'espace baltique à travers les récits de voyages français et allemands (1750-1815)." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON30089/document.
Full textThis Franco-German analysis examines the Baltic Sea region as a center for cultural exchangebased on German and French travel reports from 1750 to 1815 in a comparative perspective.The objective is to examine the countries around the Baltic Sea as places of encounter fortravelers and to raise the awareness of historical travel research and research of culturalexchange for the subject ‘space’. This approach scrutinizes several forms of German andFrench imaginations of nature, sea shore and different forms of urbanity, but also theperception and reception of identities and alterities, the consolidation and the departure ofstereotypes as well as the possibilities and limits of cultural transfer processes by travelling.Furthermore, this approach allows to gain a deeper understanding of the progress of complexphenomena such as, ‘percipience', 'contemplation' and 'delineating' of foreign cultures in aperiod which was marked by a radical change in socio-political and cultural thinking
Sénéchal, Antoine. "Par-delà le déclin et l’échec, une histoire aux confins de la Monarchie Hispanique : le préside d’Oran et de Mers el-Kébir des années 1670 aux années 1700." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EHES0032.
Full textConquered by the Hispanic Monarchy at the very beginning of the 16th century, the places of Oran and Mers el-Kébir hosted an original border experience at the gates of the Maghreb. From its early moments to the present days, that presidio has been suffering from an ambiguous and biased consideration. Indeed, several historic records and the predominant historiographical discourses have both strengthened the solution of the concepts of decline, failure, crisis or obsolescence to describe and analyze the Hispanic undertaking and experience in Oran and the more general situation of the Spanish Empire at the turn of the 17th and 18th century. Everything would have been said then; there would be no need to linger deeply over what happened after that chronological turn.The first purpose of work consists in decrypting the scientific principles, the creation of hierarchies or the bias more ideological on which these discourses have been based, in order to unveil the filters laid upon the history of the presidio of Oran and Mers el-Kébir. A correlation and an entanglement, far from being insignificant, can in that case be perceived between the discourses about Spain or the Hispanic Monarchy, about the Mediterranean and about North Africa which defend the idea of a crisis or a decline since the end of the 16th century. An investigation freed from those filters has been undertaken mainly among the Spanish archives and libraries, in the light of the more or less recent historiographical advances which discuss the established knowledge about the Mediterranean, the Hispanic Monarchy, the North-African societies or the great Islamic powers of the Early Modern times. The pieces of archives read provide other accounts than decline, failure or crisis.From the zenith of the first Hispanic occupation of Oran and Mers el-Kébir, namely at the turn of the 17th and the 18th centuries, a period which has been quite avoided by the researches, this investigation suggests an alternative history first based on a Mediterranean (and Iberian-North-African) insight and then on an Hispanic one and based on conception of border situations and phenomena mindful of the effects of porosity and uncertainty. Contrary to most of the conclusions of the paradigm of the “occupation restreinte”, another image of the Hispanic border undertaking and experiences has been revealed. To go beyond the geographical and historiographical enclaving of that presidio, this investigation pays attention to the different manifestations and expansions of the “kingdom of Oran”, a wide human and material system into which entered the Hispanic project in West Algeria. Given the fundamental instability and uncertainty of that crossroad region of the Western Mediterranean, the Hispanic Monarchy under Charles II of Habsburg and Philippe V of Bourbon, itself subjected to the vicissitudes of a long and jolting resilience, embarked on a project of border domination which had been adjusted to its own resources and to the circumstances endured. Far from being anachronistic and incoherent, that border project deserves a deeper analysis of its results. So that the presidio of Oran and Mers el-Kébir had never been abandoned nor isolated from the Spanish Empire. To that extent, this investigation suggests a first approach of the galaxy of the varied forces compromised in the conservation of the presidio until the defeat during the siege of 1707-1708