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Journal articles on the topic 'Atmospheric mineral dust'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 14 March 2023

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1

Jeong, G. Y., and E. P. Achterberg. "Chemistry and mineralogy of clay minerals in Asian and Saharan dusts and the implications for iron supply to the oceans." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 14, no. 22 (2014): 12415–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-12415-2014.

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Abstract. Mineral dust supplied to remote ocean regions stimulates phytoplankton growth through delivery of micronutrients, notably iron (Fe). Although attention is usually paid to Fe (hydr)oxides as major sources of available Fe, Fe-bearing clay minerals are typically the dominant phase in mineral dust. The mineralogy and chemistry of clay minerals in dust particles, however, are largely unknown. We conducted microscopic identification and chemical analysis of the clay minerals in Asian and Saharan dust particles. Cross-sectional slices of dust particles were prepared by focused ion beam (FIB

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2

Nickovic, S., A. Vukovic, M. Vujadinovic, V. Djurdjevic, and G. Pejanovic. "Technical Note: High-resolution mineralogical database of dust-productive soils for atmospheric dust modeling." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 12, no. 2 (2012): 845–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-845-2012.

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Abstract. Dust storms and associated mineral aerosol transport are driven primarily by meso- and synoptic-scale atmospheric processes. It is therefore essential that the dust aerosol process and background atmospheric conditions that drive dust emissions and atmospheric transport are represented with sufficiently well-resolved spatial and temporal features. The effects of airborne dust interactions with the environment determine the mineral composition of dust particles. The fractions of various minerals in aerosol are determined by the mineral composition of arid soils; therefore, a high-reso

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3

Nickovic, S., A. Vukovic, M. Vujadinovic, V. Djurdjevic, and G. Pejanovic. "Technical Note: Minerals in dust productive soils – impacts and global distribution." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 11, no. 9 (2011): 26009–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-11-26009-2011.

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Abstract. Dust storms and associated mineral aerosol transport are mainly driven by meso and synoptic scale atmospheric processes. It is therefore essential that the dust aerosol process and background atmospheric conditions that drive the dust emission and atmospheric transport be represented with sufficiently well resolved spatial and temporal features. Effects of airborne dust interactions with the environment are determent by the mineral composition of dust particles. Fractions of various minerals in the aerosol are determined by the mineral composition of arid soils, therefore high-resolu

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4

Worthy, Soleil E., Anand Kumar, Yu Xi, et al. "The effect of (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> on the freezing properties of non-mineral dust ice-nucleating substances of atmospheric relevance." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 21, no. 19 (2021): 14631–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-14631-2021.

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Abstract. A wide range of materials including mineral dust, soil dust, and bioaerosols have been shown to act as ice nuclei in the atmosphere. During atmospheric transport, these materials can become coated with inorganic and organic solutes which may impact their ability to nucleate ice. While a number of studies have investigated the impact of solutes at low concentrations on ice nucleation by mineral dusts, very few studies have examined their impact on non-mineral dust ice nuclei. We studied the effect of dilute (NH4)2SO4 solutions (0.05 M) on immersion freezing of a variety of non-mineral

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5

Kaufmann, Lukas, Claudia Marcolli, Julian Hofer, Valeria Pinti, Christopher R. Hoyle, and Thomas Peter. "Ice nucleation efficiency of natural dust samples in the immersion mode." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 16, no. 17 (2016): 11177–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-11177-2016.

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Abstract. A total of 12 natural surface dust samples, which were surface-collected on four continents, most of them in dust source regions, were investigated with respect to their ice nucleation activity. Dust collection sites were distributed across Africa, South America, the Middle East, and Antarctica. Mineralogical composition has been determined by means of X-ray diffraction. All samples proved to be mixtures of minerals, with major contributions from quartz, calcite, clay minerals, K-feldspars, and (Na, Ca)-feldspars. Reference samples of these minerals were investigated with the same me

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6

Boose, Yvonne, André Welti, James Atkinson, et al. "Heterogeneous ice nucleation on dust particles sourced from nine deserts worldwide – Part 1: Immersion freezing." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 16, no. 23 (2016): 15075–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-15075-2016.

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Abstract. Desert dust is one of the most abundant ice nucleating particle types in the atmosphere. Traditionally, clay minerals were assumed to determine the ice nucleation ability of desert dust and constituted the focus of ice nucleation studies over several decades. Recently some feldspar species were identified to be ice active at much higher temperatures than clay minerals, redirecting studies to investigate the contribution of feldspar to ice nucleation on desert dust. However, so far no study has shown the atmospheric relevance of this mineral phase.For this study four dust samples were

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7

Langmann, Baerbel. "Volcanic Ash versus Mineral Dust: Atmospheric Processing and Environmental and Climate Impacts." ISRN Atmospheric Sciences 2013 (June 12, 2013): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/245076.

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This review paper contrasts volcanic ash and mineral dust regarding their chemical and physical properties, sources, atmospheric load, deposition processes, atmospheric processing, and environmental and climate effects. Although there are substantial differences in the history of mineral dust and volcanic ash particles before they are released into the atmosphere, a number of similarities exist in atmospheric processing at ambient temperatures and environmental and climate impacts. By providing an overview on the differences and similarities between volcanic ash and mineral dust processes and

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8

Navea, Juan G., Haihan Chen, Min Huang, Gregory R. Carmichel, and Vicki H. Grassian. "A comparative evaluation of water uptake on several mineral dust sources." Environmental Chemistry 7, no. 2 (2010): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/en09122.

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Environmental context. Dust particles produced from wind blown soils are of global significance as these dust particles not only impact visibility, as evident in the recent 2009 Australian dust storm, but also atmospheric chemistry, climate and biogeochemical cycles. The amount of water vapour in the atmosphere (relative humidity) can play a role in these global processes yet there are few studies and little quantitative data on water-dust particle interactions. The focus of this research is on quantifying water-dust particle interactions for several dust sources including Asia and Africa wher

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9

Chen, Lanxiadi, Chao Peng, Wenjun Gu, et al. "On mineral dust aerosol hygroscopicity." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 20, no. 21 (2020): 13611–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-13611-2020.

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Abstract. Despite its importance, hygroscopicity of mineral dust aerosol remains highly uncertain. In this work, we investigated water adsorption and hygroscopicity of different mineral dust samples at 25 ∘C, via measurement of sample mass at different relative humidity (RH, up to 90 %) using a vapor sorption analyzer. Mineral dust samples examined (21 in total) included seven authentic mineral dust samples from different regions in the world and 14 major minerals contained in mineral dust aerosol. At 90 % RH, the mass ratios of adsorbed water to the dry mineral ranged from 0.0011 to 0.3080, l

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10

Takahashi, Y., M. Higashi, T. Furukawa, and S. Mitsunobu. "Change of iron species and iron solubility in Asian dust during the long-range transport from western China to Japan." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 11, no. 7 (2011): 19545–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-11-19545-2011.

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Abstract. In the North Pacific, transport and deposition of mineral dust from Asia appear to be one of major sources of iron which can regulate growth of phytoplankton in the ocean. In this process, it is essential to identify chemical species of iron contained in Asian dust, because bioavailability of iron in the ocean is strongly influenced by the solubility of iron, which in turn is dependent on iron species in the dust. Here, we report that clay minerals (illite and chlorite) in the dusts near the source (western China) are transformed into ferrihydrite by atmospheric chemical processes du

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11

Lee, Y. H., K. Chen, and P. J. Adams. "Development of a global model of mineral dust aerosol microphysics." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 9, no. 7 (2009): 2441–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-2441-2009.

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Abstract. A mineral dust module is developed and implemented into the global aerosol microphysics model, GISS-TOMAS. The model is evaluated against long-term measurements of dust surface mass concentrations and deposition fluxes. Predicted mass concentrations and deposition fluxes are in error on average by a factor of 3 and 5, respectively. The comparison shows that the model performs better near the dust source regions but underestimates surface concentrations and deposition fluxes in more remote regions. Including only sites with measured dust concentrations of at least 0.5 μg m−3, the mode

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12

Li, Longlei, Natalie M. Mahowald, Ron L. Miller, et al. "Quantifying the range of the dust direct radiative effect due to source mineralogy uncertainty." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 21, no. 5 (2021): 3973–4005. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-3973-2021.

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Abstract. The large uncertainty in the mineral dust direct radiative effect (DRE) hinders projections of future climate change due to anthropogenic activity. Resolving modeled dust mineral speciation allows for spatially and temporally varying refractive indices consistent with dust aerosol composition. Here, for the first time, we quantify the range in dust DRE at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) due to current uncertainties in the surface soil mineralogical content using a dust mineral-resolving climate model. We propagate observed uncertainties in soil mineral abundances from two soil minera

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13

Harris, E., B. Sinha, S. Foley, J. N. Crowley, S. Borrmann, and P. Hoppe. "Sulfur isotope fractionation during heterogeneous oxidation of SO<sub>2</sub> on mineral dust." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 12, no. 11 (2012): 4867–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-4867-2012.

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Abstract. Mineral dust is a major fraction of global atmospheric aerosol, and the oxidation of SO2 on mineral dust has implications for cloud formation, climate and the sulfur cycle. Stable sulfur isotopes can be used to understand the different oxidation processes occurring on mineral dust. This study presents measurements of the 34S/32S fractionation factor α34 for oxidation of SO2 on mineral dust surfaces and in the aqueous phase in mineral dust leachate. Sahara dust, which accounts for ~60% of global dust emissions and loading, was used for the experiments. The fractionation factor for aqu

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14

Marcotte, Aurelie R., Ariel D. Anbar, Brian J. Majestic, and Pierre Herckes. "Mineral Dust and Iron Solubility: Effects of Composition, Particle Size, and Surface Area." Atmosphere 11, no. 5 (2020): 533. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos11050533.

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There is significant iron deposition in the oceans, approximately 14–16 Tg annually from mineral dust aerosols, but only a small percentage (approx. 3%) of it is soluble and, thus, bioavailable. In this work, we examine the effect of mineralogy, particle size, and surface area on iron solubility in pure mineral phases to simulate atmospheric processing of mineral dust aerosols during transport. Pure iron-bearing minerals common to Saharan dust were partitioned into four size fractions (10–2.5, 2.5–1, 1–0.5, and 0.5–0.25 µm) and extracted into moderately acidic (pH 4.3) and acidic (pH 1.7) leac

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15

Sadrian, Mohammad R., Wendy M. Calvin, and John McCormack. "Contrasting mineral dust abundances from X-ray diffraction and reflectance spectroscopy." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 15, no. 9 (2022): 3053–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-3053-2022.

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Abstract. Mineral dust particles dominate aerosol mass in the atmosphere and directly modify Earth's radiative balance through absorption and scattering. This radiative forcing varies strongly with mineral composition, yet there is still limited knowledge on the mineralogy of atmospheric dust. In this study, we performed X-ray diffraction (XRD) and reflectance spectroscopy measurements on 37 different dust deposition samples collected as airfall in an urban setting to determine mineralogy and the relative proportions of minerals in the dust mixture. Most commonly, XRD has been used to characte

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16

Osada, K., S. Ura, M. Kagawa, et al. "Wet and dry deposition of mineral dust particles in Japan: factors related to temporal variation and spatial distribution." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 14, no. 2 (2014): 1107–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-1107-2014.

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Abstract. Recent ground networks and satellite remote-sensing observations have provided useful data related to spatial and vertical distributions of mineral dust particles in the atmosphere. However, measurements of temporal variations and spatial distributions of mineral dust deposition fluxes are limited in terms of their duration, location, and processes of deposition. To ascertain temporal variations and spatial distributions of mineral dust deposition using wet and dry processes, weekly deposition samples were obtained at Sapporo, Toyama, Nagoya, Tottori, Fukuoka, and Cape Hedo (Okinawa)

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17

Balkanski, Y., M. Schulz, T. Claquin, and S. Guibert. "Reevaluation of Mineral aerosol radiative forcings suggests a better agreement with satellite and AERONET data." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 7, no. 1 (2007): 81–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-81-2007.

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Abstract. Modelling studies and satellite retrievals do not agree on the amplitude and/or sign of the direct radiative perturbation from dust. Modelling studies have systematically overpredicted mineral dust absorption compared to estimates based upon satellite retrievals. In this paper we first point out the source of this discrepancy, which originates from the shortwave refractive index of dust used in models. The imaginary part of the refractive index retrieved from AERONET over the range 300 to 700 nm is 3 to 6 times smaller than that used previously to model dust. We attempt to constrain

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18

Zhao, C., X. Liu, L. Ruby Leung, and S. Hagos. "Radiative impact of mineral dust on monsoon precipitation variability over West Africa." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 11, no. 5 (2011): 1879–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-1879-2011.

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Abstract. The radiative forcing of dust and its impact on precipitation over the West Africa monsoon (WAM) region is simulated using a coupled meteorology and aerosol/chemistry model (WRF-Chem). During the monsoon season, dust is a dominant contributor to aerosol optical depth (AOD) over West Africa. In the control simulation, on 24-h domain average, dust has a cooling effect (−6.11 W m−2) at the surface, a warming effect (6.94 W m−2) in the atmosphere, and a relatively small TOA forcing (0.83 W m−2). Dust modifies the surface energy budget and atmospheric diabatic heating. As a result, atmosp

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19

Tang, Mingjin, Xin Huang, Keding Lu, et al. "Heterogeneous reactions of mineral dust aerosol: implications for tropospheric oxidation capacity." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 17, no. 19 (2017): 11727–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-11727-2017.

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Abstract. Heterogeneous reactions of mineral dust aerosol with trace gases in the atmosphere could directly and indirectly affect tropospheric oxidation capacity, in addition to aerosol composition and physicochemical properties. In this article we provide a comprehensive and critical review of laboratory studies of heterogeneous uptake of OH, NO3, O3, and their directly related species as well (including HO2, H2O2, HCHO, HONO, and N2O5) by mineral dust particles. The atmospheric importance of heterogeneous uptake as sinks for these species is assessed (i) by comparing their lifetimes with res

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20

Sullivan, R. C., M. J. K. Moore, M. D. Petters, S. M. Kreidenweis, G. C. Roberts, and K. A. Prather. "Effect of chemical mixing state on the hygroscopicity and cloud nucleation properties of calcium mineral dust particles." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 9, no. 10 (2009): 3303–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-3303-2009.

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Abstract. Atmospheric mineral dust particles can alter cloud properties and thus climate by acting as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) that form cloud droplets. The CCN activation properties of various calcium mineral dust particles were studied experimentally to investigate the consequences of field observations showing the segregation of sulphate from nitrate and chloride between individual aged Asian dust particles, and the enrichment of oxalic acid in Asian dust. Each mineral's observed apparent hygroscopicity was primarily controlled by its solubility, which determines the degree to which

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21

DeMott, P. J., A. J. Prenni, G. R. McMeeking, et al. "Integrating laboratory and field data to quantify the immersion freezing ice nucleation activity of mineral dust particles." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 15, no. 1 (2015): 393–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-393-2015.

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Abstract. Data from both laboratory studies and atmospheric measurements are used to develop an empirical parameterization for the immersion freezing activity of natural mineral dust particles. Measurements made with the Colorado State University (CSU) continuous flow diffusion chamber (CFDC) when processing mineral dust aerosols at a nominal 105% relative humidity with respect to water (RHw) are taken as a measure of the immersion freezing nucleation activity of particles. Ice active frozen fractions vs. temperature for dusts representative of Saharan and Asian desert sources were consistent

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Ulanowski, Z., J. Bailey, P. W. Lucas, J. H. Hough, and E. Hirst. "Alignment of atmospheric mineral dust due to electric field." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 7, no. 24 (2007): 6161–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-6161-2007.

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Abstract. Optical polarimetry observations on La Palma, Canary Islands, during a Saharan dust episode show dichroic extinction indicating the presence of vertically aligned particles in the atmosphere. Modelling of the extinction together with particle orientation indicates that the alignment could have been due to an electric field of the order of 2 kV/m. Two alternative mechanisms for the origin of the field are examined: the effect of reduced atmospheric conductivity and charging of the dust layer, the latter effect being a more likely candidate. It is concluded that partial alignment may b

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23

Alalam, Perla, Lise Deschutter, Antoine Al Choueiry, Denis Petitprez, and Hervé Herbin. "Aerosol Mineralogical Study Using Laboratory and IASI Measurements: Application to East Asian Deserts." Remote Sensing 14, no. 14 (2022): 3422. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14143422.

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East Asia is the second-largest mineral dust source in the world, after the Sahara. When dispersed in the atmosphere, mineral dust can alter the Earth’s radiation budget by changing the atmosphere’s absorption and scattering properties. Therefore, the mineralogical composition of dust is key to understanding the impact of mineral dust on the atmosphere. This paper presents new information on mineralogical dust during East Asian dust events that were obtained from laboratory dust measurements combined with satellite remote sensing dust detections from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interfero

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24

Scanza, R. A., N. Mahowald, S. Ghan, et al. "Modeling dust as component minerals in the Community Atmosphere Model: development of framework and impact on radiative forcing." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 15, no. 1 (2015): 537–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-537-2015.

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Abstract. The mineralogy of desert dust is important due to its effect on radiation, clouds and biogeochemical cycling of trace nutrients. This study presents the simulation of dust radiative forcing as a function of both mineral composition and size at the global scale, using mineral soil maps for estimating emissions. Externally mixed mineral aerosols in the bulk aerosol module in the Community Atmosphere Model version 4 (CAM4) and internally mixed mineral aerosols in the modal aerosol module in the Community Atmosphere Model version 5.1 (CAM5) embedded in the Community Earth System Model ve

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25

Zhao, C., X. Liu, L. R. Leung, and S. Hagos. "Radiative impact of mineral dust on monsoon precipitation variability over West Africa." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 10, no. 11 (2010): 27185–226. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-10-27185-2010.

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Abstract. The radiative forcing of dust and its impact on precipitation over the West Africa monsoon (WAM) region is simulated using a coupled meteorology and aerosol/chemistry model (WRF-Chem). During the monsoon season, dust is a dominant contributor to aerosol optical depth (AOD) over West Africa. In the control simulation, on 24-h domain average, dust has a cooling effect (−6.11 W/m2) at the surface, a warming effect (6.94 W/m2) in the atmosphere, and a relatively small TOA forcing (0.83 W/m2). Dust modifies the surface energy budget and atmospheric diabatic heating and hence causes lower

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26

Karydis, V. A., A. P. Tsimpidi, A. Pozzer, M. Astitha, and J. Lelieveld. "Effects of mineral dust on global atmospheric nitrate concentrations." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 16, no. 3 (2016): 1491–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-1491-2016.

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Abstract. This study assesses the chemical composition and global aerosol load of the major inorganic aerosol components, focusing on mineral dust and aerosol nitrate. The mineral dust aerosol components (i.e., Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Na+) and their emissions are included in the ECHAM5/MESSy Atmospheric Chemistry model (EMAC). Gas/aerosol partitioning is simulated using the ISORROPIA-II thermodynamic equilibrium model that considers K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, NH4+, Na+, SO42−, NO3−, Cl−, and H2O aerosol components. Emissions of mineral dust are calculated online by taking into account the soil particle size dist

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27

Yakobi-Hancock, J. D., L. A. Ladino, and J. P. D. Abbatt. "Feldspar minerals as efficient deposition ice nuclei." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 13, no. 22 (2013): 11175–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-11175-2013.

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Abstract. Mineral dusts are well known to be efficient ice nuclei, where the source of this efficiency has typically been attributed to the presence of clay minerals such as illite and kaolinite. However, the ice nucleating abilities of the more minor mineralogical components have not been as extensively examined. As a result, the deposition ice nucleation abilities of 24 atmospherically relevant mineral samples have been studied, using a continuous flow diffusion chamber at −40.0 ± 0.3 °C and particles size-selected at 200 nm. By focussing on using the same experimental procedure for all expe

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28

Ulanowski, Z., J. Bailey, P. W. Lucas, J. H. Hough, and E. Hirst. "Alignment of atmospheric mineral dust due to electric field." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 7, no. 5 (2007): 13203–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-7-13203-2007.

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Abstract. Optical polarimetry observations on La Palma, Canary Islands, during a Saharan dust episode show dichroic extinction consistent with the presence of vertically aligned particles in the atmosphere. Modelling of the extinction together with particle orientation indicates that the alignment could have been due to an electric field of the order of 2 kV/m. Two alternative mechanisms for the origin of the field are examined: the effect of reduced atmospheric conductivity and charging of the dust layer, the latter effect being a more likely candidate. It is concluded that partial alignment

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Conen, F., C. E. Morris, J. Leifeld, M. V. Yakutin, and C. Alewell. "Biological residues define the ice nucleation properties of soil dust." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 11, no. 18 (2011): 9643–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-9643-2011.

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Abstract. Soil dust is a major driver of ice nucleation in clouds leading to precipitation. It consists largely of mineral particles with a small fraction of organic matter constituted mainly of remains of micro-organisms that participated in degrading plant debris before their own decay. Some micro-organisms have been shown to be much better ice nuclei than the most efficient soil mineral. Yet, current aerosol schemes in global climate models do not consider a difference between soil dust and mineral dust in terms of ice nucleation activity. Here, we show that particles from the clay and silt

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Karydis, V. A., A. P. Tsimpidi, A. Pozzer, M. Astitha, and J. Lelieveld. "Effects of mineral dust on global atmospheric nitrate concentrations." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 15, no. 8 (2015): 11525–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-15-11525-2015.

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Abstract. This study provides an assessment of the chemical composition and global aerosol load of the major inorganic aerosol components and determines the effect of mineral dust on their formation, focusing on aerosol nitrate. To account for this effect, the mineral dust aerosol components (i.e., Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Na+) and their emissions are added to the ECHAM5/MESSy Atmospheric Chemistry model (EMAC). Gas/aerosol partitioning is simulated using the ISORROPIA-II thermodynamic equilibrium model that considers the interactions of K+-Ca2+-Mg2+-NH4+-Na+-SO42−-NO3−-Cl−-H2O aerosol components. Emis

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Johnson, M. S., and N. Meskhidze. "Atmospheric dissolved iron deposition to the global oceans: effects of oxalate-promoted Fe dissolution, photochemical redox cycling, and dust mineralogy." Geoscientific Model Development Discussions 6, no. 1 (2013): 1901–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmdd-6-1901-2013.

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Abstract. Mineral dust deposition is suggested to be a significant atmospheric supply pathway of bioavailable iron (Fe) to Fe-depleted surface oceans. In this study, mineral dust and dissolved Fe (Fed) deposition rates are predicted for March 2009 to February 2010 using the 3-D chemical transport model GEOS-Chem implemented with a comprehensive dust-Fe dissolution scheme. The model simulates Fed production during the atmospheric transport of mineral dust taking into account inorganic and organic (oxalate)-promoted Fe dissolution processes, photochemical redox cycling between ferric (Fe(III)) a

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Mallet, M., P. Tulet, D. Serça, et al. "Impact of dust aerosols on the radiative budget, surface heat fluxes, heating rate profiles and convective activity over West Africa during March 2006." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 9, no. 18 (2009): 7143–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-7143-2009.

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Abstract. The present work analyses the effect of dust aerosols on the surface and top of atmosphere radiative budget, surface temperature, sensible heat fluxes, atmospheric heating rate and convective activity over West Africa. The study is focused on the regional impact of a major dust event over the period of 7–14 March 2006 through numerical simulations performed with the mesoscale, nonhydrostatic atmospheric model MesoNH. Due to its importance on radiative budgets, a specific attention has been paid to the representation of dust single scattering albedo (SSA) in MesoNH by using inversions

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Harris, E., B. Sinha, S. Foley, J. N. Crowley, S. Borrmann, and P. Hoppe. "Sulfur isotope fractionation during heterogeneous oxidation of SO<sub>2</sub> on mineral dust." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 12, no. 1 (2012): 2303–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-12-2303-2012.

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Abstract. Mineral dust is a major fraction of global atmospheric aerosol, and the oxidation of SO2 on mineral dust has implications for cloud formation, climate and the sulfur cycle. Stable sulfur isotopes can be used to understand the different oxidation processes occurring on mineral dust. This study presents measurements of the 34S/32S fractionation factor α34 for oxidation of SO2 on mineral dust surfaces and in the aqueous phase in mineral dust leachate. Sahara dust, which accounts for ~ 60% of global dust emissions and loading, was used for the experiments. The fractionation factor for aq

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Johnson, M. S., and N. Meskhidze. "Atmospheric dissolved iron deposition to the global oceans: effects of oxalate-promoted Fe dissolution, photochemical redox cycling, and dust mineralogy." Geoscientific Model Development 6, no. 4 (2013): 1137–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-6-1137-2013.

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Abstract. Mineral dust deposition is suggested to be a significant atmospheric supply pathway of bioavailable iron (Fe) to Fe-depleted surface oceans. In this study, mineral dust and dissolved Fe (Fed) deposition rates are predicted for March 2009 to February 2010 using the 3-D chemical transport model GEOS-Chem implemented with a comprehensive dust-Fe dissolution scheme. The model simulates Fed production during the atmospheric transport of mineral dust, taking into account inorganic and organic (oxalate)-promoted Fe dissolution processes, photochemical redox cycling between ferric (Fe(III))

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Ito, A., and Y. Feng. "Role of dust alkalinity in acid mobilization of iron." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 10, no. 19 (2010): 9237–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-9237-2010.

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Abstract. Atmospheric processing of mineral aerosols by acid gases (e.g., SO2, HNO3, N2O5, and HCl) may play a key role in the transformation of insoluble iron (Fe in the oxidized or ferric (III) form) to soluble forms (e.g., Fe(II), inorganic soluble species of Fe(III), and organic complexes of iron). On the other hand, mineral dust particles have a potential of neutralizing the acidic species due to the alkaline buffer ability of carbonate minerals (e.g., CaCO3 and MgCO3). Here we demonstrate the impact of dust alkalinity on the acid mobilization of iron in a three-dimensional aerosol chemis

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Sullivan, R. C., S. A. Guazzotti, D. A. Sodeman, and K. A. Prather. "Direct observations of the atmospheric processing of Asian mineral dust." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 6, no. 3 (2006): 4109–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-6-4109-2006.

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Abstract. The accumulation of secondary acid products and ammonium on individual mineral dust particles during ACE-Asia has been measured in real-time using ATOFMS. Changes in the amounts of sulphate, nitrate, and chloride mixed with dust particles corresponded to different air mass source regions. During volcanically influenced periods, dust mixed with sulphate dominated. This rapidly switched to dust predominantly mixed with chloride when the first Asian dust front reached the R/V Ronald Brown. We hypothesise that the high degree of mixing of dust with chloride was caused by the prior reacti

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Wagner, Robert, Michael Jähn, and Kerstin Schepanski. "Wildfires as a source of airborne mineral dust – revisiting a conceptual model using large-eddy simulation (LES)." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 18, no. 16 (2018): 11863–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-11863-2018.

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Abstract. Airborne mineral dust is a key player in the Earth system and shows manifold impacts on atmospheric properties such as the radiation budget and cloud microphysics. Investigations of smoke plumes originating from wildfires found significant fractions of mineral dust within these plumes – most likely raised by strong, turbulent fire-related winds. This study presents and revisits a conceptual model describing the emission of mineral dust particles during wildfires. This is achieved by means of high-resolution large-eddy simulation (LES), conducted with the All Scale Atmospheric Model (

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Karydis, Vlassis A., Alexandra P. Tsimpidi, Sara Bacer, Andrea Pozzer, Athanasios Nenes, and Jos Lelieveld. "Global impact of mineral dust on cloud droplet number concentration." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 17, no. 9 (2017): 5601–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-5601-2017.

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Abstract. The importance of wind-blown mineral dust for cloud droplet formation is studied by considering (i) the adsorption of water on the surface of insoluble particles, (ii) particle coating by soluble material (atmospheric aging) which augments cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activity, and (iii) the effect of dust on inorganic aerosol concentrations through thermodynamic interactions with mineral cations. The ECHAM5/MESSy Atmospheric Chemistry (EMAC) model is used to simulate the composition of global atmospheric aerosol, while the ISORROPIA-II thermodynamic equilibrium model treats the i

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DeMott, P. J., A. J. Prenni, G. R. McMeeking, et al. "Integrating laboratory and field data to quantify the immersion freezing ice nucleation activity of mineral dust particles." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 14, no. 11 (2014): 17359–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-14-17359-2014.

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Abstract. Data from both laboratory studies and atmospheric measurements are used to develop a simple parametric description for the immersion freezing activity of natural mineral dust particles. Measurements made with the Colorado State University (CSU) continuous flow diffusion chamber (CFDC) when processing mineral dust aerosols at a nominal 105% relative humidity with respect to water (RHw) are taken to approximate the immersion freezing nucleation activity of particles. Ice active frozen fractions vs. temperature for dusts representative of Saharan and Asian desert sources were consistent

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Sullivan, R. C., S. A. Guazzotti, D. A. Sodeman, and K. A. Prather. "Direct observations of the atmospheric processing of Asian mineral dust." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 7, no. 5 (2007): 1213–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-1213-2007.

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Abstract. The accumulation of secondary acids and ammonium on individual mineral dust particles during ACE-Asia has been measured with an online single-particle mass spectrometer, the ATOFMS. Changes in the amounts of sulphate, nitrate, and chloride mixed with dust particles correlate with air masses from different source regions. The uptake of secondary acids depended on the individual dust particle mineralogy; high amounts of nitrate accumulated on calcium-rich dust while high amounts of sulphate accumulated on aluminosilicate-rich dust. Oxidation of S(IV) to S(VI) by iron in the aluminosili

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Boose, Yvonne, Philipp Baloh, Michael Plötze, et al. "Heterogeneous ice nucleation on dust particles sourced from nine deserts worldwide – Part 2: Deposition nucleation and condensation freezing." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 19, no. 2 (2019): 1059–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-1059-2019.

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Abstract. Mineral dust particles from deserts are amongst the most common ice nucleating particles in the atmosphere. The mineralogy of desert dust differs depending on the source region and can further fractionate during the dust emission processes. Mineralogy to a large extent explains the ice nucleation behavior of desert aerosol, but not entirely. Apart from pure mineral dust, desert aerosol particles often exhibit a coating or are mixed with small amounts of biological material. Aging on the ground or during atmospheric transport can deactivate nucleation sites, thus strong ice nucleating

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Paramonov, Mikhail, Robert O. David, Ruben Kretzschmar, and Zamin A. Kanji. "A laboratory investigation of the ice nucleation efficiency of three types of mineral and soil dust." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 18, no. 22 (2018): 16515–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-16515-2018.

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Abstract. Surface-collected dust from three different locations around the world was examined with respect to its ice nucleation activity (INA) with the ETH Portable Ice Nucleation Chamber (PINC). Ice nucleation experiments were conducted with particles of 200 and 400 nm in diameter in the temperature range of 233–243 K in both the deposition nucleation and condensation freezing regimes. Several treatments were performed in order to investigate the effect of mineralogical composition, as well as the presence of biological and proteinaceous, organic and soluble compounds on the INA of mineral a

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Beer, Christof G., Johannes Hendricks, Mattia Righi, et al. "Modelling mineral dust emissions and atmospheric dispersion with MADE3 in EMAC v2.54." Geoscientific Model Development 13, no. 9 (2020): 4287–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-4287-2020.

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Abstract. It was hypothesized that using mineral dust emission climatologies in global chemistry climate models (GCCMs), i.e. prescribed monthly-mean dust emissions representative of a specific year, may lead to misrepresentations of strong dust burst events. This could result in a negative bias of model dust concentrations compared to observations for these episodes. Here, we apply the aerosol microphysics submodel MADE3 (Modal Aerosol Dynamics model for Europe, adapted for global applications, third generation) as part of the ECHAM/MESSy Atmospheric Chemistry (EMAC) general circulation model

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Sullivan, R. C., M. J. K. Moore, M. D. Petters, S. M. Kreidenweis, G. C. Roberts, and K. A. Prather. "Effect of chemical mixing state on the hygroscopicity and cloud nucleation properties of calcium mineral dust particles." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 9, no. 1 (2009): 2609–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-9-2609-2009.

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Abstract. Atmospheric mineral dust particles can alter cloud properties and thus climate by acting as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) that form cloud droplets. The CCN activation properties of various calcium mineral dust particles were studied experimentally to investigate the consequences of field observations showing the segregation of sulfate from nitrate and chloride between individual aged Asian dust particles, and the enrichment of oxalic acid in Asian dust. Each mineral's observed apparent hygroscopicity was primarily controlled by its solubility, which determines the degree to which t

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Jeong, G. Y., and T. Nousiainen. "TEM analysis of the internal structures and mineralogy of Asian dust particles and the implications for optical modeling." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 14, no. 14 (2014): 7233–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-7233-2014.

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Abstract. Mineral dust interacts with incoming/outgoing electromagnetic radiation in the atmosphere. This interaction depends on the microphysical properties of the dust particles, including size, mineral composition, external morphology, and internal structure. Ideally all of these properties should be accounted for in the remote sensing of dust, the modeling of single-scattering properties, and radiative effect assessment. There have been many reports on the microphysical characterizations of mineral dust, but no investigations of the internal structures of individual dust particles. We expl

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Seigel, Robert B., and Susan C. van den Heever. "Dust Lofting and Ingestion by Supercell Storms." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 69, no. 5 (2012): 1453–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-11-0222.1.

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Abstract Recent research pertaining to aerosol impacts on cloud microphysics has shown a need for understanding mineral dust entrainment into moist convection. The goal of this study is to examine the pathways in which nonmicrophysically active mineral dust is entrained into supercell storms within three commonly observed dust regimes. The Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS) with an interactive dust model that allows for surface emission was used to achieve this goal. First, a supercell is simulated within an already dusty environment (EXP-BACKGROUND) to investigate ingestion purely fr

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Pietrodangelo, A., R. Salzano, C. Bassani, S. Pareti, and C. Perrino. "Composition, size distribution, optical properties, and radiative effects of laboratory-resuspended PM<sub>10</sub> from geological dust of the Rome area, by electron microscopy and radiative transfer modelling." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 15, no. 22 (2015): 13177–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-13177-2015.

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Abstract. In this work, new information has been gained on the laboratory-resuspended PM10 fraction from geological topsoil and outcropped rocks representative of the Rome area (Latium). Mineralogical composition, size distribution, optical properties and the surface radiative forcing efficiency (RFE) of dust types representing the compositional end members of this geological area have been addressed. A multi-disciplinary approach was used, based on chamber resuspension of raw materials and sampling of the PM10 fraction, to simulate field sampling at dust source, scanning electron microscopy/X

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Niedermeier, N., A. Held, T. Müller, et al. "Mass deposition fluxes of Saharan mineral dust to the tropical northeast Atlantic Ocean: an intercomparison of methods." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 14, no. 5 (2014): 2245–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-2245-2014.

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Abstract. Mass deposition fluxes of mineral dust to the tropical northeast Atlantic Ocean were determined within this study. In the framework of SOPRAN (Surface Ocean Processes in the Anthropocene), the interaction between the atmosphere and the ocean in terms of material exchange were investigated at the Cape Verde atmospheric observatory (CVAO) on the island Sao Vicente for January 2009. Five different methods were applied to estimate the deposition flux, using different meteorological and physical measurements, remote sensing, and regional dust transport simulations. The set of observations

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Jeong, Gi Young, Mi Yeon Park, Konrad Kandler, Timo Nousiainen, and Osku Kemppinen. "Mineralogical properties and internal structures of individual fine particles of Saharan dust." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 16, no. 19 (2016): 12397–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-12397-2016.

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Abstract. Mineral dust interacts with incoming/outgoing radiation, gases, other aerosols, and clouds. The assessment of its optical and chemical impacts requires knowledge of the physical and chemical properties of bulk dust and single particles. Despite the existence of a large body of data from field measurements and laboratory analyses, the internal properties of single dust particles have not been defined precisely. Here, we report on the mineralogical organization and internal structures of individual fine ( < 5 µm) Saharan dust particles sampled at Tenerife, Canary Islands. The bulk o

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Tobo, Y., P. J. DeMott, T. C. J. Hill, et al. "Organic matter matters for ice nuclei of agricultural soil origin." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 14, no. 16 (2014): 8521–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-8521-2014.

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Abstract. Heterogeneous ice nucleation is a crucial process for forming ice-containing clouds and subsequent ice-induced precipitation. The importance for ice nucleation by airborne desert soil dusts composed predominantly of minerals is widely acknowledged. However, the potential influence of agricultural soil dusts on ice nucleation has been poorly recognized, despite recent estimates that they may account for up to 20–25% of the global atmospheric dust load. We have conducted freezing experiments with various dusts, including agricultural soil dusts derived from the largest dust-source regi

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