Relevant bibliographies by topics / Atomic absorption spectroscopy – Instruments

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
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Academic literature on the topic 'Atomic absorption spectroscopy – Instruments'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 12 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Atomic absorption spectroscopy – Instruments"

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Appleton, John M. H., and Julian F. Tyson. "Flow injection atomic absorption spectrometry: the kinetics of instrument response." Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 1, no. 1 (1986): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/ja9860100063.

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Chen, Li Dan. "The Application of Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy on Detection of Engine Crankshaft Bearing Abnormal Sound." Advanced Materials Research 496 (March 2012): 427–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.496.427.

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By now, it is hard for an effective determination of the engine abnormal sound according to the existing auscultation method based on human experiences and diagnosis aided by instruments. For this reason, the author presented an innovative method that was by the using of atomic absorption spectroscopy technology for a rapid determination of the engine crankshaft bearing abnormal sounds. Major metals contents (Cu and Pb) in 20 batches of Audi A6 engine lubricating oil were detected by atomic absorption spectrometry. Samples were taken from the oil of mileages from 5000km to 69000km and 3000km intervals. Then the databases of main metal contents of different driving miles were built within the same vehicle type. This study showed that the main metal contents were fluctuating with the increasing of driving miles within certain range. For the practical application, we built a connection between engine abnormal sound faults and the major metal contents in the engine lubricating oil. By comparing the metal contents in problem engine with the established contents changing trends chart, we could get a rapid determination about the engine abnormal sound fault without disintegration of the car. To sum up, the achievements of this study helped to reduce vehicle maintenance costs and improved the fault diagnosis accuracy in abnormal sound of engine crankshaft bearing.
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Motooka, J. M. "An Exploration Geochemical Technique for the Determination of Preconcentrated Organometallic Halides by ICP-AES." Applied Spectroscopy 42, no. 7 (September 1988): 1293–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702884429913.

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An atomic absorption extraction technique which is widely used in geochemical exploration for the determination of Ag, As, Au, Bi, Cd, Cu, Mo, Pb, Sb, and Zn has been modified and adapted to a simultaneous inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission instrument. The experimental and operating parameters are described for the preconcentration of the metals into their organometallic halides and for the determination of these metals. Lower limits of determination are equal to or improved over those for flame atomic absorption (except Au), and ICP results are very similar to the accepted AA values, with precision for the ICP data in excess of that necessary for exploration purposes.
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Vecchiati, Giorgio, Francesco Fagioli, Giancarlo Torsi, Clinio Locatelli, Dionisio Mazzotta, and Antonella Pagnoni. "Standardless Analysis of Hg with the Cold Vapor Method: Evaluation of the Best Use of Modern Instrumentation." Applied Spectroscopy 56, no. 7 (July 2002): 859–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/000370202760171527.

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The so-called cold vapor method is extensively used in atomic absorption spectroscopy for the quantitation of Hg and hydride forming elements. In the case of Hg it is possible to take advantage of the standardless method of analysis (which gives a quantitative result from a single measurement) if a stannous salt is used as a reducing agent. This type of analysis, which has the advantages of high sensitivity, low analysis time, and easy checking of the perfect working conditions of all the components of the apparatus, can be made with very slightly altered commercial instruments if flowmeters of good accuracy and precision are used. The mode of operation of modern commercial instruments can be either discontinuous, with a chromatographic-like injector, or continuous. A survey of the instruction manuals shows that virtually all manufacturers prefer the discontinuous mode. Our experimental results demonstrate that only with the continuous mode, if sufficient sample volume is available, is it possible to use the standardless method of analysis.
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Ahmadi, R., Madaah Hosseini, and A. Masoudi. "Avrami behavior of magnetite nanoparticles formation in co-precipitation process." Journal of Mining and Metallurgy, Section B: Metallurgy 47, no. 2 (2011): 211–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jmmb110330010a.

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In this work, magnetite nanoparticles (mean particle size about 20 nm) were synthesized via coprecipitation method. In order to investigate the kinetics of nanoparticle formation, variation in the amount of reactants within the process was measured using pH-meter and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) instruments. Results show that nanoparticle formation behavior can be described by Avrami equations. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were performed to study the chemical and morphological characterization of nanoparticles. Some simplifying assumptions were employed for estimating the nucleation and growth rate of magnetite nanoparticles.
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Maria, Guţu Claudia, Bălălău D, Ilie Mihaela, Purdel Carmen Nicoleta, and Gubandru Miriana. "Quantitative Determination of Arsenic in Bottled Drinking Water Using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy." Acta Medica Marisiensis 59, no. 5 (October 1, 2013): 246–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amma-2013-0056.

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Abstract Background: Many studies have been performed in the past few years, to determine arsenic speciation in drinking water, food chain and environment, arsenic being a well-recognized carcinogenic and toxic agent mainly in its inorganic species. The instrumental techniques used for arsenic determination, such as hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry (HGAAS), graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), can provide a great sensitivity only on the total amount. Objective: The aim of this study was to develop a simple and rapid method and to analyze the concentration of total inorganic arsenic in bottled drinking water. Methods: Total arsenic was determined in samples from six different types of commercially available bottled drinking water using atomic absorption spectrometry with electrothermal or hydride generation vaporisation. All drinking water samples were acidified with 0.1M nitric acid to match the acidity of the standards. Results: The method was linear within the studied range (1-5 μg/L, R = 0.9943). The quantification limits for arsenic determination were 0.48 μg/L (HGAAS) and 0.03 μg/L (GFAAS). The evaluated arsenic content in drinking water was within the accepted limits provided by law. Conclusions: A simple and sensitive method for the quantification of arsenic in drinking water using atomic absorbtion spectroscopy was described, which can be further used in toxicological studies. As an additional advantage, the system is very fast, efficient and environmental friendly
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Huotari, Simo. "X-ray Raman scattering spectroscopy." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (August 5, 2014): C219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273314097800.

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For elements with low atomic number, or shallow absorption edges falling in the energy range below ~1 keV, x-ray absorption studies are often limited by surface sensitivity and the necessity of a vacuum environment, making bulk-sensitive measurements and for example studies of liquids difficult. An exciting alternative is provided by X-ray Raman scattering (XRS) spectroscopy. It is used to measure a photon-in-photon-out process, where a hard x-ray photon loses only part of its energy creating an excitation of an inner core electron. As such, it is the x-ray analogue of electron energy loss spectroscopy. The advantage of XRS is that the incident photon energy can be chosen freely and thus low-energy absorption edges can be studied with high-energy X-rays. Thus XRS is becoming increasingly popular since it allows for bulk-sensitive measurements of inner core spectra where the corresponding x-ray absorption threshold falls into the soft x-ray regime. This lifts all constraints on the sample environment inherent to soft x-ray studies, and offers access to bulk-sensitive information on solids, liquids and gases as well as systems in enclosed sample environments such as high-pressure cells. For example the microscopic structure of water within the supercritical regime has been recently studied using the oxygen K-edge excitation spectra measured by XRS, yielding new information on the hydrogen-bond network of water in extreme conditions [1]. Another important feature of XRS is that it allows for other than dipole transitions to be studied, thanks to an practically unlimited range of momentum transfer offered by hard x-rays. These higher order multipole excitations can yield novel information on the electronic structure, not accessible by many other spectroscopies [2]. The availability of XRS instruments at third-generation synchrotron radiation sources has made highly accurate XRS measurements possible. XRS can be even used as a contrast mechanism in three-dimensional X-ray imaging [3]. In this contribution, the capabilities of XRS and recent examples of novel studies allowed by it will be reviewed.
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Sakurai, Kenji, and Xiaomei Guo. "Recent performance of laboratory-scale X-ray absorption fine structure instruments." Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy 54, no. 1 (January 1999): 99–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0584-8547(98)00181-5.

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Horoyski, P. J., and M. L. W. Thewalt. "Fourier Transform Raman and Brillouin Spectroscopy Using Atomic Vapor Filters." Applied Spectroscopy 48, no. 7 (July 1994): 843–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702944029866.

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This paper presents Raman and Brillouin scattering measurements obtained with a Fourier transform interferometer, in which the laser light rejection was provided by an alkali-metal vapor cell. The narrow absorption band of the vapor cell allowed for the detection of energy shifts as low as 0.85 cm−1(∼26 GHz) while completely blocking scattered light at the laser frequency. Since, unlike a Fabry-Perot interferometer, a Fourier transform interferometer does not have a free spectral range placing an upper bound on the energy shifts which it can detect without ambiguity, the energy regimes of both Brillouin and Raman scattering are for the first time accessible with a single instrument.
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Sanford, Caryn L., Susan E. Thomas, and Bradley T. Jones. "Portable, Battery-Powered, Tungsten Coil Atomic Absorption Spectrometer for Lead Determinations." Applied Spectroscopy 50, no. 2 (February 1996): 174–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702963906591.

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A compact, inexpensive atomic absorption spectrometer has been designed, constructed, and evaluated for the determination of lead at the μg/L level. The new device is made feasible by the combination of a reliable tungsten coil atomizer, a miniature spectrometer/charge-coupled device combination mounted on a PC card, and a near-line background-correction method. The finished spectrometer can be powered by a normal 12-V car battery, controlled with a laptop computer, and transported in any automobile. The overall dimensions of the original prototype system are 19 in. × 8 in. × 3 in. (excluding the computer), and it has no moving parts. The total estimated cost of the system including the computer is less than $6000. The limit of detection for Pb is 20 pg (20-μL sample volume), the linear dynamic range is two orders of magnitude, and the precision for the technique is 5% RSD at concentrations ten times greater than the detection limit. The accuracy of the technique was determined with the use of NIST SRM #1579a “Powdered Lead-Based Paint” containing 11.995 wt % Pb and NIST SRM 955a “Lead in Blood” containing 54.43 μg/dL Pb. The accuracy for the paint sample was 95.1% (11.41 wt % found) with the use of the calibration curve method (aqueous standards) and 97.2% (11.66 wt % found) with the method of standard additions. The accuracy for the blood sample was 93.5% (50.9 μg/dL found) with the calibration curve method and 96.6% (56.3 μg/dL found) with the method of standard additions. The limiting source of noise for the instrument is detector noise, so that the performance of the device can be improved by increasing the optical throughput of the system.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Atomic absorption spectroscopy – Instruments"

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Bir, David J. "The development of a radio frequency plasma within a graphite furnace." Virtual Press, 1992. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/834507.

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Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (GFAA) and Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) are two primary means of analyzing metals at the elemental level. Both techniques are widely accepted as tools for basic research. Each technique is performed differently and has its own distinct advantages as well as disadvantages. The choice of which technique to employ is determined by the needs of the analysis and the limitations of the instrumental technique.The idea to merge the two techniques was originallydeveloped by the research group of Dr. Michael W. Blades of the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, in 1989, who successfully demonstrated a "mini" plasma within a graphite furnace. The goal of the research was to design a device that would combine the advantages of both techniques and hopefully eliminate or minimize the unfavorable characteristics of each technique.The sustaining of a "mini" plasma has been demonstrated by this group. Although the end result was similar to that of Blades' group, the method of achieving the plasma was such that the "new" instrument could easily be mounted onto the furnace via a small Interface/Power Coupling device. The advantages of this system are: existing GFAA instruments can be used; modification of the furnace and RF supply is minimal; RF electronics can be remotely located; removal of the interface device is quickly achieved; and sample introduction, through the use of an autosampler, can be facilitated with small modification.Background spectra were acquired using helium, argon, and a mixture of argon/helium. It was found that all the plasmas have highly structured backgrounds and demonstrate the potential for many analysis regions. Two methods of sample introduction were used in acquiring the line emission of magnesium: injection through the sample inlet port to the furnace and end window injection. Inlet port injection suffers from a loss of sensitivity, when compared to end cap injection, but is more easily performed.
Department of Chemistry
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Simpson, Emma. "Attosecond transient absorption spectroscopy in atomic species." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/44970.

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When high intensity laser light is focused into a gaseous target, high energy photons can be produced through the strongly nonlinear effect of high order harmonic generation. For a 30 fs, 800 nm or 1400 nm wavelength laser pulse, the result is a train of attosecond pulses produced at odd harmonic frequencies of the driving laser field, spanning energy ranges into the 100s eV. These attosecond pulses can access timescales characteristic to the movement of electrons in atoms, and by exploiting their properties as an ultrafast probe, electron dynamics in evolving atomic systems can be observed. This thesis presents the development of a pump-probe beamline capable of performing transient absorption spectroscopy experiments with resolution better than 150 as. Accompanying a full description of the experimental setup and methods, investigations are made into the attosecond transient absorption from strong field dressed helium and krypton atoms around their first ionisation edge, and 3d ionisation edge respectively. The result of the delay dependent transient absorption measurement is modulations to the recorded absorption amplitude for the harmonic orders around the respective ionisation thresholds. We investigated intensity regimes with an 800 nm laser field approaching the strong field ionisation threshold in helium. Experimental results are presented considering first the response of strong field dressed helium using an 800 nm laser field, and second the response of strong field dressed helium and krypton using a 1400 nm laser field. The use of the longer 1400 nm wavelength allows access to higher energy probe harmonics, enabling laser dressed krypton core to continuum, and core to Rydberg state transitions to be studied. By comparing the effect to the delay dependent absorption modulation as additional parameters are varied, information can be gained about the behaviour of the electrons. The parameters studied as a function of delay include: the dressing field intensity, target backing pressure and dressing field relative linear polarisation, aligned both parallel and perpendicular with respect to the probing harmonic pulse train. Key results include a strong suppression of the modulation amplitude for the above ionisation threshold harmonic orders when the dressing field linear polarisation is changed from parallel to perpendicular in the helium target. This is reproduced at both 800 nm and 1400 nm driving wavelengths.
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Conkey, Donald B. "On-Chip Atomic Spectroscopy." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2007. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1746.pdf.

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O'Grady, C. E. "Fundamental research into aerosols for analytical atomic absorption spectroscopy." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.377568.

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The material presented in this thesis falls into three main sections: 1) The measurement of nebulizer suction and its applications. Three methods of measurement of nebulizer suction were evaluated. The potential and limitations of each method was assessed. The most reliable and generally applicable method was measurement with a mercury manometer via a T-piece during aspiration, but after correction for suction drops along all the nebulizer capillaries and across connections. The measurement of suction was then applied to practical problems in AAS, i.e. the lack of dependence of signal on sample solution temperature, and to provide immediate warning of drift in aspiration rate. 2) Observations and causes of deposition in spray chambers. The deposition patterns of aerosol lost in the spray chamber was studied using a lithium tracer. Areas of high turbulence were identified and their positions related to the deposition patterns. The nebulizer/spray chamber system was considered to fulfill a sub-sampling role and the dual roles of pneumatic nebulizer as pumps and sub-samplers were critically discussed. 3) Observations on impactors in flame AAS. Five techniques for the evaluation of the effects of impact beads and other impactors were evaluated, i) aerosol droplet size distributions ii) aspiration of dye solutions iii) aerosol sizing with a second species introduced through the bead iv) effects on linear absorbance range v) effects on the extent of chemical interference The advantages and disadvantages of each technique were considered and the value of impactors critically appraised. An assessment was then made of the extent to which an impact cup or bead may be used to regulate sensitivity in flame AAS with a view to increasing the useful working ranges of calibration graphs.
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Hutton, Jonathan Craig Carleton University Dissertation Chemistry. "Some theoretical and experimental studies in atomic absorption spectrometry." Ottawa, 1992.

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French, Holly. "Trace metal analysis of street drugs by atomic absorption spectroscopy." Thesis, University of Kent, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.591083.

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The aim of the study was to ascertain the capabilities of the graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy (OF AAS) system to discriminate between the two separate ecstasy batches according to the differing concentrations of trace metals. Previous studies have utilised rcp techniques such as rCP-AES and rCP-MS to determine trace metal concentrations in ecstasy tablets with particular interest in potential synthesis marker metals such as Pt, B and Hg. Five metals: Cu, Ba, Ni, Cr and Ph were quantified with good repeatability and reproducibility. The selection of elements comprises of metals that may be present due to additives, dyes, reducing agents, catalysts and elements recorded to be commonly present in ecstasy tablets, for example Ba. Elements Cu, Cr and Pb have been observed previously to be more homogenous within batches than elemental markers for synthesis routes suggesting these trace metals will be of use for indicating linkages between batches. Two separate batches of seized ecstasy tablets were analysed by GF AAS following digestion with nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide. Ecstasy tablets were acquired from the TICTAC unit at St George's Hospital London Tooting. HPLC analysis conducted at St. George's indicated that Batch 21573 of 20 tablets contained significant quantities of MDMA while Batch 26237 of 20 tablets contained predominantly caffeine. The small sample size has allowed for careful interpretation of intra-batch variation and inter-batch variation in the metal concentrations determined for each ecstasy batch. A previous study has used a similar sample size. The current study has successfully demonstrated the quantitation of five trace metals in ecstasy tablets for the first time via OF AAS. Large intra-batch variations were fOlU1d as expected for tablets produced in clandestine laboratories. Nickel in the MDMA containing batch 21573 was present in the range 0.47-13.1 ppm and in the caffeine containing batch 26237 in the range 0.35-9.06 ppm, very similar to previous reports of 1- 25 ppm and 0.3-16 ppm. The Cr levels detenmined in the current study (MDMA batch: 0.12-3.16 ppm, caffeine batch: 0.10-1.36 ppm) are lower than reported previously (0.7-34 ppm). The range ofPb concentrations (MDMA batch: 0.1 1-3.81 ppm, caffeine batch: 0.12- 4.91 ppm) are similar to previously reported (0.02-10 ppm). The copper levels in these samples were found to be particularly high (MDMA batch: 4-2379 ppm, caffeine batch: 17-1851 ppm) compared with previous studies using ICP techniques which fOlU1d ranges of 1-19 ppm and 0.8-38 ppm in ecstasy tablets. Barium concentrations were relatively similar within each batch with significantly higher concentrations found in the caffeine containing batch 26237 (rv1DMA batch: 0.19-0.66 ppm, caffeine batch: 3.77-5.47 ppm). Barium was the only element to offer discrimination between the two batches of tablets. AAS systems are well established, cheaper to install and run, and require less user skill as well as less sample volume. The addition that the current study offers in light of previous literature in the area is evidence of the capabilities of GF AAS to perform analyses on ecstasy tablets, with good detection limits, good precision and small sample volume, but with a technique that is well establish, fmancially less challenging and readily available in forensic laboratories in comparison to the more powerful ICP-MS technique
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De, Jager Lionel Louis. "Permanent modifiers for electrothermal atomization atomic absorption spectometry." Diss., Access to E-Thesis, 2000. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-11162006-161158/.

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Sims, Gary Robert. "Characterization of a charge injection device detector for atomic emission spectroscopy." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184735.

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A Charge Injection Device (CID) detector has been evaluated as a detector for simultaneous multielement atomic emission spectroscopy. The CID was incorporated into a special liquid nitrogen cooled, computer controlled camera system. Electro-optical characterization of the CID and camera system included determination of readout noise, quantum efficiency, spatial crosstalk, temporal hysteresis, spatial response uniformity, and linear dynamic range. The CID was used as a spectroscopic detector for an echelle grating spectrometer equipped with a direct current plasma emission source. The spectrometer was a standard commercial instrument modified to provide a reduced image format more suitable for use with the CID detector. The optical characteristics of this spectrometer, including wavelength coverage, and optical aberrations are described. The spectroscopic system was evaluated with respect to detection limits, linear dynamic range, and accuracy in both single element and simultaneous multielement modes. Detection limits compared well to literature values reported for photomultiplier tube detector based systems under similar conditions. CID detection limits were superior in the near infrared and visible wavelength region, comparable in the middle UV, and higher in the far UV. The detection limits were determined to be limited by background radiation shot noise. Several elements of a certified standard reference material were simultaneously determined in order to assess the accuracy of the spectroscopic system. The results were highly accurate, even when operating near or below the 3σ limits of detection. Spectral interferences for elements were avoided by using several analytical lines for each element. The results of these investigations indicate that the CID is a superior multichannel detector for analytical atomic emission spectrometry. The capability to simultaneously monitor a wide, continuous spectral range with high spatial resolution, high dynamic range, low readout noise, and insignificant signal crosstalk is now possible. Many analytical benefits of this approach, such as the potential capability to perform rapid qualitative and semiquantitative analysis and the ability to select the optimum spectral lines for highly accurate quantitative analysis are now readily achievable.
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Thompson, Alexander W. J. "Multimode absorption spectroscopy of CO and CO₂ gas mixtures." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:ebcb2031-1165-414e-88d8-69465bdaf291.

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The development of multimode absorption spectroscopy (MUMAS) for multi-species detec- tion and its potential for process control or environmental monitoring is reported. The simultaneous detection of CO and CO2 is demonstrated in a proof-of-principle experiment for applications in industrially relevant gas species monitoring. The technique of MUMAS is extended to the near infrared in order to detect these and other industrially relevant species. A laser was designed and constructed to emit a multimode spectrum in the region of 1.57um to take advantage of the spectral overlap of the second vibrational overtone of CO and the combination band 3ν1 + ν3 of CO2. The laser consisted of a semi-confocal cavity employing an Er:Yb glass chip as the gain medium. The laser was pumped by a 1W laser diode at 980nm and emitted up to 30mW in a bandwidth of 180GHz. The laser emitted between 6-10 modes depending upon the selective cavity length. Mode spacings varied between 18GHz to 33GHz with an individual mode linewidth of less than 8MHz. The laser modes were simultaneously scanned using a piezo-electric transducer (PZT) in order to modulate the cavity length at frequencies between 1Hz and 10Hz. A system for linearizing the MUMAS spectra with respect to frequency was devised based on a transmission spectra of a confocal Fabry-Perot etalon. Refinements to the MUMAS fitting code were developed to improve the computational efficiency. An initial demonstration of MUMAS on a known gas mixture of CO and CO2 was per- formed. The ratio of CO:CO2 concentrations in the gas mixture was measured with an accuracy of 0.4% which was within the supplier’s quoted uncertainty. MUMAS is then applied to the detection of CO and CO2 concentrations in exhaust gas produced by a 1.3 litre 4-cylinder turbo-charged spark ignition engine. Relative and absolute concentrations were derived from MUMAS signals and values compared to measurements using a 4-gas analyser. Concentrations of CO and CO2 were measured using MUMAS to a precision of 0.17% and 0.23% respectively compared to less than 0.1% for the 4-gas analyser. Ratios of CO and CO2 were determined with a precision of 0.28 using MUMAS compared to 0.11 with the 4-gas analyser. The detection limit of CO was found to be 1486ppm in these circumstances. Finally a discussion is presented of potential improvements arising from wavelength mod- ulation spectroscopy and cavity enhancement techniques.
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Lei, Tian. "Selenium speciation by high performance liquid chromatography -atomic absorption spectrometry." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=55507.

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Selenium has been shown to have multiple biochemical effects ranging from nutrient deficiency at low levels to toxicity at high levels. This duality of concern has led to a demand for increased numbers of highly accurate and precise determinations of selenium in biological materials. A convenient procedure was developed for determining selenoamino acids by HPLC-THG-AAS, based on the derivatization of these analytes with Sanger's reagent. Selenomethionine, selenocystine and selenocysteine (after blocking the free selenol group with phenylmercurio cation) were converted to their N-2,4-dinitrophenyl derivatives, and separated on a Nucleosil 5-NO$ sb2$ column with methanolic mobile phase containing acetic acid and triethylamine. Furthermore, an improved HPLC-AAS interface design was modified and optimized for the detection of selenium in HPLC column eluate. The new design was (i) compatible with aqueous mobile phases containing volatile buffers and (ii) provided equivalent molar response to analytes containing Se($-$II), Se(+IV) and Se(+VI). A method for simultaneously determination of selenate, selenite, selenocystine, selenomethionine and selenoethionine was developed by using the HPLC-AAS system with aqueous acetic acid containing ammonium acetate as eluate solution on the cyanopropyl column. The equivalent low ng limits of detection (1-2 ng as Se) for different oxidation states of selenium analytes were obtained using several different mobile phases and/or columns. A phenol extraction procedure for selenate, selenite, selenocystine, selenomethionine and selenoethionine was evaluated for the determination of these selenium analytes in natural waters and wheat samples. The current HPLC-AAS system provides an inexpensive alternative to conventional techniques for the determination of selenium analytes in environmental samples.
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Books on the topic "Atomic absorption spectroscopy – Instruments"

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Taylor, Howard E. Design and operation of a multielement photodiode-array atomic absorption spectrometer. Denver, Colo: Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1988.

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Taylor, Howard E. Design and operation of a multielement photodiode-array atomic absorption spectrometer. Denver, Colo: Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1988.

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Taylor, Howard E. Design and operation of a multielement photodiode-array atomic absorption spectrometer. Denver, Colo: Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1988.

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Bernhard, Welz, ed. Atomic absorption spectrometry. 2nd ed. Weinheim: VCH, 1985.

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Atomic absorption spectrometry. 3rd ed. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, 1999.

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J, Ando D., and Metcalfe Ed, eds. Atomic absorption and plasma spectroscopy. 2nd ed. Chichester: Published on behalf of ACOL (University of Greenwich) by J. Wiley, 1997.

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Elizabeth, Prichard F., ed. Atomic absorption and emission spectroscopy. Chichester: Published on behalf of ACOL, by J. Wiley, 1987.

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Dedina, Jirí. Hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry. Chichester [England]: Wiley, 1995.

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P, Peèraèmaki, and Royal Society of Chemistry (Great Britain), eds. Spectrochemical analysis by atomic absorption and emission. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2004.

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Flow injection atomic absorption spectrometry. Chichester: Wiley, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Atomic absorption spectroscopy – Instruments"

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Rodríguez, Humberto Gonzaález, Ratikanta Maiti, and Ch Aruna Kumari. "Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy." In Experimental Ecophysiology and Biochemistry of Trees and Shrubs, 109–13. Includes bibliographical references and index.: Apple Academic Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429322266-17.

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Akash, Muhammad Sajid Hamid, and Kanwal Rehman. "Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy." In Essentials of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 85–102. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1547-7_6.

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Nielsen, S. Suzanne. "Atomic Absorption and Emission Spectroscopy." In Instructor’s Manual for Food Analysis: Second Edition, 97–103. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5439-4_28.

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Rosenberg, Erwin, and Ulrich Panne. "Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) and Atomic Emission Spectrometry (AES)." In Handbook of Spectroscopy, 421–96. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/3527602305.ch12.

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Rosenberg, Erwin, and Ulrich Panne. "Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) and Atomic Emission Spectrometry (AES)." In Handbook of Spectroscopy, 507–82. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527654703.ch15.

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Glownia, J. H., J. Misewich, and P. P. Sorokin. "Subpicosecond UV/IR Absorption Spectroscopy." In Atomic and Molecular Processes with Short Intense Laser Pulses, 359–66. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0967-3_43.

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Miller, Dennis D., and Michael A. Rutzke. "Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, Atomic Emission Spectroscopy, and Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry." In Food Science Texts Series, 421–42. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1478-1_24.

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Yeung, Vincent, Dennis D. Miller, and Michael A. Rutzke. "Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, Atomic Emission Spectroscopy, and Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry." In Food Science Text Series, 129–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45776-5_9.

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Nielsen, S. Suzanne. "Study Questions Atomic Absorption and Emission Spectroscopy." In Food Science Text Series, 117–23. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0033-9_25.

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Salomon, C., H. Metcalf, A. Aspect, and J. Dalibard. "A High Sensitivity Modulation Method for Atomic Beam Absorption Spectroscopy." In Laser Spectroscopy VIII, 404–5. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-47973-4_127.

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Conference papers on the topic "Atomic absorption spectroscopy – Instruments"

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Goyette, A. N., L. W. Anderson, K. L. Mullman, and J. E. Lawler. "UV/VUV high sensitivity absorption spectroscopy." In ATOMIC PROCESSES IN PLASMAS. ASCE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.56555.

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Yi, Wang, Wang Ke-Jia, Wang Qi, and Tang Feng. "Measurement of CH4 by differential infrared optical absorption spectroscopy." In Instruments (ICEMI). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icemi.2009.5274660.

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Matsui, Makoto, Akira Kuwahara, and Yoshiki Yamagiwa. "Combined VUV Absorption and Laser Absorption Spectroscopy for Atomic Oxygen Detection." In 28th Aerodynamic Measurement Technology, Ground Testing, and Flight Testing Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2012-2651.

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Klauba, Andrew, Derek Love, Walker Runyan, Ben Agan, Katarena R. Shiner, Matt Larson, Caleb Fisher, Larry Ferren, and Charles W. Carrigan. "ANALYSIS OF THE KANKAKEE WATERSHED BY ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY." In 50th Annual GSA North-Central Section Meeting. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016nc-275644.

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Augustyniak, Edward, Serguei V. Filimonov, and Chih-shun Lu. "Thermalization process in sputtering systems by atomic absorption spectroscopy." In Microelectronic Manufacturing, edited by Anthony J. Toprac and Kim Dang. SPIE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.324341.

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Sorvajärvi, Tapio, and Juha Toivonen. "Detection of PbCl2 using Collinear Photofragmentation and Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy." In CLEO: Science and Innovations. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_si.2014.sf2i.3.

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Miyabe, M., M. Oba, H. Iimura, K. Akaoka, Y. Maruyama, I. Wakaida, K. Watanabe, Tetuso Iguchi, and Kenichi Watanabe. "Ablation-initiated Isotope-selective Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy of Lanthanide Elements." In 4TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON LASER PROBING—LAP 2008. AIP, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3115606.

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Renaudin, P., L. Lecherbourg, C. Blancard, P. Cossé, G. Faussurier, P. Audebert, S. Bastiani-Ceccotti, J. P. Geindre, and R. Shepherd. "X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy Of Thin Foils Irradiated By An Ultra-short Laser Pulse." In ATOMIC PROCESSES IN PLASMAS: 15th International Conference on Atomic Processes in Plasmas. AIP, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2768829.

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Smirnov, Sergey, Ignatii Samokhvalov, and Pavel P. Geiko. "The application of UV LEDs for differential optical absorption spectroscopy." In XIII International Conference on Atomic and Molecular Pulsed Lasers, edited by Andrei M. Kabanov and Victor F. Tarasenko. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2303467.

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Diachok, Wales, Cavanagh, Smith, and Hodgkiss. "Bioacoustic Absorption Spectroscopy (BAS): instruments, measurement strategies and results of recent experiments." In Oceans 2003. Celebrating the Past ... Teaming Toward the Future. IEEE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/oceans.2003.178562.

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Reports on the topic "Atomic absorption spectroscopy – Instruments"

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Castro, Alonso. Actinide Isotopic Analysis by Atomic Beam Laser Absorption Spectroscopy. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1511209.

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Ching, C. H., J. E. Bailey, P. W. Lake, A. B. Filuk, R. G. Adams, and J. McKenney. Absorption spectroscopy characterization measurements of a laser-produced Na atomic beam. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/244617.

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Paesler, M., and D. Sayers. Atomic structure of machined semiconducting chips: An x-ray absorption spectroscopy study. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/476642.

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Dobbins, Tabbetha. UNDERSTANDING THE LOCAL ATOMIC LEVEL EFFECTS OF DOPANTS IN COMPLEX METAL HYDRIDES USING SYNCHROTRON XRAY ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY AND DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1063111.

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