Relevant bibliographies by topics / Atomizer

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Atomizer'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 18 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Atomizer"

1

Wolfe, Timothy R., Todd A. Hillman, Philip J. Bossart, and David W. Kennedy. "The Comparative Risks of Bacterial Contamination between a Venturi Atomizer and a Positive Displacement Atomizer." American Journal of Rhinology 16, no. 4 (July 2002): 181–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/194589240201600401.

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Introduction This laboratory study determined the incidence of internal contamination of Venturi principle atomizers and positive displacement atomizers exposed to high external concentrations of Staphylococcal aureus (Staph). Methods Atomizer device nozzle tips were immersed into a Staph solution and 1 ml of spray was atomized via compressed wall air (Venturi) or hydraulic pump (positive displacement). The Venturi nozzle was then wiped with 70% isopropyl alcohol while the disposable positive displacement nozzle was replaced. After 30 minutes, 1 ml of atomized fluid was collected and cultured and the process was repeated. After sixteen uses the fluid remaining in the bottles was cultured. The Venturi atomizer also was subjected to a single use trial to determine the location of device contamination. Results Venturi atomizers sprays grew Staph in every case (144/144), while positive displacement atomizer sprays never grew contaminants (0/144; p < 0.0001). At the end of 16 uses, 7/9 of Venturi atomizers had Staph within their medication reservoirs while none (0/9; p = 0.002) existed in the positive displacement atomizers. After a single use of the Venturi atomizer, the medication reservoir, the air lumen and the medication lumen of the nozzle were all contaminated with Staph. Conclusions External bacterial contamination of the atomizer nozzle tip results in internal bacterial contamination of Venturi devices in as little as one use but not of positive displacement devices. These results warrant further investigation to determine whether a risk of cross-contamination exists in a clinical setting.
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Achelis, Lydia, Volker Uhlenwinkel, S. Lagutkin, and Sh Sheikhaliev. "Atomization Using a Pressure-Gas-Atomizer." Materials Science Forum 534-536 (January 2007): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.534-536.13.

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An update and the latest results on molten metal atomization using a Pressure-Gas- Atomizer will be given. This atomizer combines a swirl-pressure atomizer, to generate a liquid hollow cone film and a gas atomizer to atomize the film and/or the fragments of the film. The paper is focused on powder production, but this atomization system is also applicable for deposition purposes. Different alloys (Sn, SnCu) were atomized to study the characteristics of the Pressure- Gas-Atomizer. The powders produced were analyzed by laser diffraction and image processing. Among other parameters, the molten metal mass flow (~140 – 200 kg/h), the gas mass flow and the atomizer design were varied. The results include the effects of these variances on particle size and particle shape.
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Mlkvik, Marek, Matous Zaremba, Philipp Stähle, Heike P. Schuchmann, Volker Gaukel, and Jan Jedelsky. "Influence of Working Parameters and Primary Breakup Conditions on the Quality of Twin-Fluid Atomizers Spray Quality." Applied Mechanics and Materials 821 (January 2016): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.821.91.

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In this study we investigated four twin-fluid atomizers with different internal mixing mechanisms: Y-jet, outside in gas (OIG), outside in liquid (OIL) and CFT atomizers. The main goal was to relate the measured droplet sizes, characterized by the Sauter mean diameter (ID32), to the corresponding working regimes of atomizers and primary breakup conditions characterized by the criterion Dmax, estimated from critical Weber number of the primary breakup. For the OIL, OIG and CFT atomizers, the common relation of the primary breakup characteristics and normalized droplet sizes (ID32/Dmax) was found. As the Y-jet atomizer showed a different trend, which was related to the considerably lower Weber numbers of the near-nozzle flow, a change in the normalization criterion was necessary to obtain similar results as for other tested atomizers. The main benefit of presented results is the potential to predict spray droplet sizes entirely from primary breakup characteristics regardless of the atomizer’s design or the atomized liquid.
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Chen, Yan, Chunyan Ma, Zaihe Shen, and Rui Chen. "Research on Vibration Characteristics of Piezoelectric Ceramic Atomizer Based on ANSYS." E3S Web of Conferences 118 (2019): 02043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911802043.

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In the design and application of ultrasonic atomizer, the resonant frequency and vibration mode of piezoelectric transducer have an effect on the working state and atomization effect of the atomizer. In order to deeply study the piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic atomizer Vibration characteristics, piezoelectric coupling simulation analysis was performed by ANSYS software, multi-order vibration mode of piezoelectric ceramic atomization sheet obtained by modal analysis method, combined with harmonic response analysis to obtain resonant frequency of piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic atomization sheet, and analysis the influence of the main size of the atomized sheet on the vibration mode. According to theoretical analysis and experimental tests, the effectiveness of the finite element analysis can be verified, and then provide a theoretical basis for the study of ultrasonic atomizers.
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Czernek, Krystian, Marek Ochowiak, and Sylwia Włodarczak. "Effect of Rheological Properties of Aqueous Solution of Na-CMC on Spray Angle for Conical Pressure-Swirl Atomizers." Energies 13, no. 23 (November 30, 2020): 6309. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13236309.

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Aerosol is a multiphase system, created as a result of the dispersion of a liquid in a gaseous medium. The atomized liquids are most often water and fuel; however, they can be any other substance. Even a small addition of a substance that changes the rheological properties (i.e., the nature of the flow) can change the properties of the resulting aerosol. The most important parameters that characterize the aerosol are the outflow rate, the droplet diameter, the spray spectrum, and the spray angle. The latter is important when selecting atomizers, especially those working in groups on the sprayer boom. The spray angle is an important parameter of the atomization process, providing a great deal of information about the quality of the spray. This study presents the results of rheological tests and the atomization of aqueous solutions with varying concentrations of sodium carboxymethylcellulose (Na-CMC). We found that the spray angle decreased with increasing Na-CMC concentration in the solution, which is attributable to an increase in shear viscosity. The design of the atomizer is also important. The largest spray angles were obtained for an atomizer with a diameter of 0.02 m and with the inlet port being placed at an angle to the atomizer axis. Based on the experimental results for various liquids and atomizer designs, a correlation equation describing the spray angle is proposed.
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Scianna, Joseph M., James M. Chow, and Andrew Hotaling. "Analysis of Possible Cross-Contamination with the Venturi System Atomizer." American Journal of Rhinology 19, no. 5 (September 2005): 503–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/194589240501900514.

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Background The physics behind the Venturi atomizers suggest a possibility of bacterial colonization and the potential for patient cross-contamination. A protocol for use of the atomizer and clinically appropriate demonstration of cross contamination has not been established. Methods Three sterilized atomizers filled with a solution of 2% Pontocaine and 1% ephedrine (two test and one control) were used during a 5-day study period. Clinic staff was instructed to (1) use a nozzle tip, (2) use a nasal speculum, (3) avoid contact between the atomizer and the patient, and (4) apply a continuous, <1-second spray to the nasal cavity. Samples were obtained from each of the atomizers three times per day and plated on chocolate agar plates. The number and type of bacterial colony were registered. Results No respiratory pathogens grew from any of the 45 plated samples. Nine of 30 experimental atomizer samples produced 12 bacterial colonies. Of the 12 bacterial colonies obtained, 6 colonies of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, 5 colonies of Corynebacterium sp., and 1 colony of Bacillus sp. were identified. One of 15 plated control atomizer samples produced two colonies of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus. An average of 1.3 colonies per positive test plate and an average of 2.0 colonies per positive control plate were identified. There was no evidence of an increasing number of colonies per plate or persistence of any particular bacteria identified over time to suggest contamination or colonization of the system reservoir. Conclusion There is no risk of cross-contamination of patients with the use of the Venturi system atomizer as outlined in this study. Culture results from this study were consistent with random culture contamination during the plating and/or culturing period. There was no evidence to support the idea of bacterial colonization of the atomizers. Continued use of the Venturi system atomizer is an acceptable practice.
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Cejpek, Ondřej, Milan Malý, Miloslav Bělka, and Jan Jedelský. "Replication of Pressure Swirl Atomizer by 3D Printing and Influence of Surface Roughness on the Atomization Quality." MATEC Web of Conferences 328 (2020): 01007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202032801007.

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The replication of atomizers by 3D printing technology is a new approach of producing the pressure swirl atomizers. The surface roughness of 3D printed products and manufacturing accuracy of the 3D printing process influence the atomization of the liquid. The high-speed visualization of a spray, produced by scaled 3D printed atomizer, was performed. The spray stability, cone angle and breakup length were determined. Scaled 3D printed atomizers were tested at equivalent pressures of 0.25, 0.5 and 1 bar. Non-dimensionless parameter, Reynolds number, was preserved for the scaled atomizer. The effect of the surface roughness of the tangential ports, swirl chamber and discharge orifice on atomization was assessed at non-scaled pressure swirl atomizer. The roughness of a swirl chamber was created by corundum and ballotin blasting. The inlet pressures of 2.5, 5 and 10 bar were tested.
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Jo, Jae Geun, and Chi Young Lee. "Experimental Study on Thermal Radiation Attenuation Using Water Mist of Twin-fluid Atomizer." Fire Science and Engineering 35, no. 4 (August 31, 2021): 24–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.7731/kifse.67a3ae31.

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In this study, the thermal radiation attenuation performance of water mist was investigated using twin-fluid atomizers. The water and air flow rates of Small atomizer were 36~105 g/min and 10~30 L/min, whereas those of Large atomizer were 37~300 g/min and 20~60 L/min, respectively. In the present experimental range, the thermal radiation attenuation of Small atomizer and Large atomizer were 6.1~11.9% and 5.2~14.6%, respectively. With the increase in water and air flow rates, the thermal radiation attenuation increased, and under similar water and air flow rate conditions, Small atomizer showed higher thermal radiation attenuation than Large atomizer. Based on the present experimental data, it was found that the air (gas) discharge area is a potentially important factor in determining the thermal radiation attenuation performance. Additionally, through the analysis of thermal radiation attenuation per unit water flow rate, it was confirmed that the twin-fluid atomizer can result in higher thermal radiation attenuation than the single-fluid atomizer under the same water flow rate condition.
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Ding, You Qing. "The Comparison Study on the Performance of Centrifugal Atomizer." Advanced Materials Research 726-731 (August 2013): 1968–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.726-731.1968.

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High speed rotating centrifugal atomizer is the key equipment for the flue gas processing. The centrifugal high-speed atomizer is running at high speed, it makes micron liquid-drop in order that chemical reaction happened between micron drop and harmful gas. Its function has direct impact to the emission produced from WTE(waste to energy) plant. The different driving form affects the atomizers stability of high speed movement, atomization effect and the running life directly. For a long time, the transmission quality of belt drive or direct coupling drive is one of the focus issues. Based on the high speed centrifugal atomizer, this paper introduces the two commonly used driving forms of the atomizer, and compares their performance through the experiments. Key words: atomizer, WTE, experiment
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Williams, Monique, and Prue Talbot. "Design Features in Multiple Generations of Electronic Cigarette Atomizers." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 16 (August 14, 2019): 2904. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16162904.

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The design of electronic cigarette (EC) atomizing units has evolved since their introduction over 10 years ago. The purpose of this study was to evaluate atomizer design in ECs sold between 2011–2017. Atomizers from 34 brands representing three generations of ECs were dissected and photographed using a stereoscopic microscope. Five distinct atomizer design categories were identified in first generation products (cig-a-like/cartomizer) and three categories were found in the third generation. Atomizers in most cig-a-like ECs contained a filament, thick wire, wire joints, air-tube, wick, sheath, and fibers, while some later models lacked some of these components. Over time design changes included an increase in atomizer size; removal of solder joints between wires; removal of Polyfil fibers; and removal of the microprocessor from Vuse. In second and third generation ECs, the reservoirs and batteries were larger, and the atomizing units generally lacked a thick wire, fibers, and sheath. These data contribute to an understanding of atomizer design and show that there is no single design for ECs, which are continually evolving. The design of the atomizer is particularly important as it affects the performance of ECs and what transfers into the aerosol.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Atomizer"

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Suchánek, Petr. "Zkoušky rozprašovacích hlav kapalných paliv." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229069.

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This thesis is dealing with testing of two atomizers in combustion of liquid fuels and natural gas. There is a simple analysis of problems, principles and methods of atomizing liquids executed. Problem of pneumatic atomizing liquids is also described in detail. In the next chapters there is a plan and running of testing processed. Overall behavior of the atomizers and flame is evaluated from the outcome measurement and the power characteristics of atomizers and influence of GLR on the quality of combustion are determined. Overall rating of the testing is presented in conclusion this thesis.
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Katskov, DA. "Graphite filter atomizer in atomic absorption spectrometry." Elsevier, 2006. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1000798.

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Graphite filter atomizers (GFA) for electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS) show substantial advantages over commonly employed electrothermal vaporizers and atomizers, tube and platform furnaces, for direct determination of high and medium volatility elements in matrices associated with strong spectral and chemical interferences. Two factors provide lower limits of detection and shorter determination cycles with the GFA: the vaporization area in the GFA is separated from the absorption volume by a porous graphite partition; the sample is distributed over a large surface of a collector in the vaporization area. These factors convert the GFA into an efficient chemical reactor. The research concerning the GFA concept, technique and analytical methodology, carried out mainly in the author's laboratory in Russia and South Africa, is reviewed. Examples of analytical applications of the GFA in AAS for analysis of organic liquids and slurries, bio-samples and food products are given. Future prospects for the GFA are discussed in connection with analyses by fast multi-element AAS.
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Chinn, John Joss. "The internal flow physics of swirl atomizer nozzles." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1996. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.488302.

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The internal flow of pressure swirl atomizers is studied with the ultimate aim of developing a design tool for such atomizers, particularly to enable the production of the finest possible water sprays (for any given supply pressure) for fire suppression purposes. The primary direction of the research was in computationally modelling this flow with a two-dimensional assumption and a methodology is described which is capable of determining the velocity profiles and, for the first time in the literature, the air-core topology and discharge coefficient, for nozzles which approximate the axially-symmetric condition. The results are compared with the experimental results from both the literature and also from research which was carried out under the supervision of the author. The predictions show important flow features, which are found in the experiments and have not been recognised in the "classically" assumed internal flow. These include concentration of the axial flow near the air-core and toroidal vortices, similar to Taylor-Göertler vortices found in Taylor-Couette flow, which are visible in planes through the nozzle axis. The secondary direction of the research is in both reviewing and improving upon simplified analytical techniques which have been used to estimate the size of the air-core radius at the nozzle exit together with the values of the discharge coefficient and the cone angle of the resultant spray. A critical review is given of many of the existing analytical techniques and a new analytical theory is presented which is based upon a balance of the axial momentum across a control volume. The results of the new theory are compared with the experimental findings reported in the literature and show the need to include the swirl chamber/nozzle orifice ratio as an independent variable. Suggestions are given on how the computational methodology might be employed to determine the spray drop size for a given atomizer design and on the direction the computational work might take in order to predict a full two-phase internal flow using volume of fluid (VOF) techniques.
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Phanphanit, Phattharawdee. "Experimental and computational study of an ultrasonic atomizer." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/experimental-and-computational-study-of-an-ultrasonic-atomizer(f4cb285b-c847-4b15-bd0c-64fa1bd142ce).html.

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A fountain type ultrasonic atomizer was chosen to be a possible device to be used to assist in the alleviation of global warming. Atomization of seawater by an ultrasonic atomizer will enhance more cloud condensation nuclei; as a result, more UV radiation will be reflected back into the space. There are two crucial spray characters: droplet size and the number of droplets. The droplet size needs to be in a certain size range, so that they can stay in the atmosphere. The number of droplets needs to be as high as possible; the more cloud nuclei, the more UV radiation is reflected. The characteristics of sprays are affected by many parameters: liquid properties and the atomizer design. In this study, we characterized two different atomizers: one with a fixed frequency atomizer at 1.72 MHz and one with adjustable frequency and voltage atomizer with a calculated resonant frequency of 2.24 MHz. In addition for the fixed atomizer, different liquid media: tap water (20° C), hot water (46° C), cold water (14° C) and salt waters with different percents salinity (2% - 3.5% by volume), were studied. A Phase Doppler Anemometer was used to measure the characteristics of sprays: droplet velocity, droplet size and number of droplets in a required size range. It was found that the droplet velocity is barely affected by the liquid properties and liquid depth except for the hot water. The relatively high temperature liquid appears to alter the characteristics of the piezo disk; in addition, the inconsistent temperature could vary the characteristics of the spray. The droplet size is strongly dependent on liquid properties and frequency of vibration. The number of droplets is obviously affected by liquid properties and atomizer designs; there is not yet a known correlation between the number of droplets and other parameters. A theoretical study was undertaken in order to compare predicted acoustic properties of acoustic waves with the measured number of droplets generated. The mathematical model was constructed based on applying boundary conditions to a general 2- Dimensional wave equation in cylindrical coordinates. The predicted results satisfy the boundary conditions very well. Since we deal with high frequency acoustic waves, the number of wave modes used in the prediction is significant. It is important to be ensure that all the cut-on wave modes are included otherwise the predicted results will not be very accurate. The more modes that are included, the more computer storage is required; therefore, the number of modes need to be enough to obtain accurate result but not too many to be over the limit of computer storage. The high number of modes used also decreases computer speed, increasing the running time. The mathematical model was used to predict acoustic properties. It was found that the predicted maximum acoustic pressure inside the central small region, where the disk is located, has the best correlation with the number of droplets for all liquid media and all operating conditions. The mathematical model can only predict which operating condition and atomizer design will provide the maximum acoustic pressure. As a result, we can optimize the fountain type ultrasonic atomizer in order to obtain the best result, suiting each application applied. If the geometry is changed, the model is also required to be re-written so that it will predict accurate results.
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Rigit, Andrew Ragai Henry. "Performance of charge injection electrostatic atomizer and spray characteristics." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.405844.

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Mandal, Anirban. "Computational Modeling of Non-Newtonian Fluid Flow in Simplex Atomizer." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1202997834.

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Colbert, Steven Anthony ACairncross Richard A. "Numerical simulations of droplet trajectories from an electrostatic rotary-bell atomizer /." Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1860/1877.

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Billingsley, Matthew C. "Plasma Torch Atomizer-Igniter for Supersonic Combustion of Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36331.

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To realize supersonic combustion of hydrocarbons, an effective atomizer-igniter combination with the capabilities of fuel preheating, atomization, penetration, mixing, ignition and flameholding is desired. An original design concept incorporating these capabilities was built and tested at Virginia Tech, and was found to provide good penetration, effective atomization, and robust ignition and flameholding. Quiescent testing with kerosene and JP-7 provided initial performance data. The atomizer-injector design was then modified for insertion into a supersonic wind tunnel, and tested with kerosene in an unheated Mach 2.4 flow with typical freestream conditions of To = 280 K and Po = 360 kPa. Water injection was utilized in both cases for comparison and to analyze atomization behavior. In the quiescent environment, the regeneratively cooled plasma torch igniter was found to significantly increase electrode life while heating, atomizing, and igniting the liquid fuel. Jet breakup length was measured and characterized, and mean droplet size was estimated using an existing correlation. Several qualitative observations regarding quiescent combustion were made, including torch power effects and the process of flame formation. In the supersonic environment, the effect of fuel injection direction was analyzed. Best results were obtained when fuel was injected with a velocity component opposite to the direction of main tunnel flow. Repeatable ignition occurred in the supersonic boundary layer at the fuel stagnation location near the plasma torch plume. Direct, filtered, shadowgraph, and schlieren photographs, temperature measurements, and visible emission spectroscopy provided evidence of combustion and the details of the flame structure. The new atomizer-igniter design provided robust and reliable ignition and flameholding of liquid hydrocarbon fuels in an unheated supersonic flow at M=2.4, with no ramp, step, or other physical penetration into the flowpath.
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WANG, DEXIN. "STRONGLY SWIRLING FLOW STUDY ON PRESSURE-SWIRL ATOMIZER AND CYCLONE COMBUSTOR." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1032210020.

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Srinivasan, Vedanth. "A NUMERICAL STUDY OF A NEW SPRAY APPLICATOR." UKnowledge, 2006. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/388.

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This study focuses on the design and development of a new spray applicator design utilizing effects of imposed pressure oscillations in conjunction with cavitation collapse energy to create distribution of fine droplets. An oscillating horn placed inside the nozzle performing high frequency oscillations is envisioned to provide the necessary pressure perturbations on the exiting liquid jet, while the nozzle geometry design in configured to amplify cavitation process. Initially, a two-zone approach modeling the nozzle interior and exterior in a separate fashion and later, a coupled strategy is proposed. Parametric studies describing the effect of horn stroke length, frequency, its position inside the nozzle in combination with different nozzle designs and liquid flow rates are explored to identify their contribution in obtaining desired cavitation characteristics. In this regard, incorporation of a backward facing step profile within the nozzle shows strong capability of generating the required cavitation and flow field distribution at the nozzle exit. The velocity modulations occuring at the nozzle exit due to oscillating horn structure result in a wide gamut of liquid structures specific to the imposed oscillation frequency and modulation amplitude. The disintegration characteristics of these modulated liquid jets are studied using a Volume-of-Fluid (VOF) interface capturing approach based on finite volume methodology employing an interface compression scheme. VOF methods are validated against experimental results and then subsequently used to study scaling parameters governing the modulated liquid jets. To perform coupled interior-exterior nozzle computations with cavitation, two new cavitation models are presented: First, a model based on Homogeneous Equilibrium assumptions for tracking cavitation events in a compressible framework is presented. Owing to its inability to simulate incompressible cavitating flows, a new cavitation event tracking model based on a Cavitation-Induced-Momentum-Defect (CIMD) correction approach is formulated utilizing a scalar transport model for vapor volume fraction with relevant transport, diffusion and source terms. Validations of both the models against experimental observations are detailed. Coupled internal-external liquid flow computations from the proposed atomizer design using a VOF-CIMD strategy shows strong potential for rapid drop formation in the presence of cavitation effects. A prototype model of a new spray applicator design is presented.
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Books on the topic "Atomizer"

1

The perfume atomizer: An object with atmosphere. West Chester, Pa: Schiffer Pub., 1991.

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Keukelaere, H. J. K. De. The internal flow in a swirl atomizer nozzle. Manchester: UMIST, 1995.

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Chinn, J. J. The internal flow physics of swirl atomizer nozzles. Manchester: UMIST, 1996.

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Vamvakoglou, K. Investigation of the flow pattern within and at the exit of a pressure swirl atomizer. Manchester: UMIST, 1996.

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Gupta, Santosh K. Glove box adaptation, installation and commissioning of an assembled modular type atomic absorption unit with GF atomizer. Mumbai: Scientific Information Resource Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, 2013.

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Harris, Sidney. Einstein Atomized. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0753-5.

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Houellebecq, Michel. Atomised. London: Heinemann, 2000.

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Harris, Sidney. Einstein atomized: More science cartoons. New York: Copernicus, 1996.

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A, Smith R. Vaporisers: Selection, design & operation. Harlow, Essex, England: Longman Scientific & Technical, 1986.

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Zerdelēs, Dēmētrēs. Atomikes ergasiakes scheseis. Athēna: Ekdoseis Ant. N. Sakkoula, 1999.

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Book chapters on the topic "Atomizer"

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Lefebvre, Arthur H., and Vincent G. McDonell. "Atomizer Performance." In Atomization and Sprays, 133–82. Second edition. | Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, CRC Press, 2017.: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315120911-6.

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Achelis, Lydia, Volker Uhlenwinkel, S. Lagutkin, and Sh Sheikhaliev. "Atomization Using a Pressure-Gas-Atomizer." In Progress in Powder Metallurgy, 13–16. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-419-7.13.

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Yamagata, Yutaka. "Surface Acoustic Wave Atomizer and Electrostatic Deposition." In Nano/Micro Biotechnology, 101–14. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/10_2009_14.

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He, Wenchao, Xuewei Lv, Feifei Pan, Xueqin Li, Zhiming Yan, and Zhengde Pang. "Granulation of Semisteel by Rotary Disc Atomizer." In 10th International Symposium on High-Temperature Metallurgical Processing, 539–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05955-2_51.

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Marudhappan, Raja, U. Chandrasekhar, and K. Hemachandra Reddy. "Investigation of 3D Printed Jet Fuel Atomizer." In Lecture Notes on Multidisciplinary Industrial Engineering, 325–45. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8468-4_25.

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Opfer, L., I. V. Roisman, and C. Tropea. "Primary Atomization in an Airblast Gas Turbine Atomizer." In Flow and Combustion in Advanced Gas Turbine Combustors, 3–27. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5320-4_1.

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Biancaniello, Frank S., Steven P. Mates, and Stephen D. Ridder. "Reduced-Scale Gas Atomizer Facility for Rapid Solidification Studies." In Powder Materials: Current Research and Industrial Practices III, 29. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118984239.ch3.

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Patil, Shirin, and Srikrishna Sahu. "Spray Characterization and Structure Analysis in a Model LPP Atomizer." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 671–80. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5996-9_53.

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Thiele, Hanr-Juergen. "Wet and Powder Enameling with the EIC High-Speed Bell Atomizer." In 62nd Porcelain Enamel Institute Technical Forum: Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings, Volume 21, Issue 5, 35–42. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470294642.ch6.

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Harris, Sidney. "Einstein Atomized." In Einstein Atomized, 1–148. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0753-5_1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Atomizer"

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Flanagan, Cormac, and Stephen N. Freund. "Atomizer." In the 31st ACM SIGPLAN-SIGACT symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/964001.964023.

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Fisher, Brian T., Michael R. Weismiller, Steven G. Tuttle, and Katherine M. Hinnant. "Effects of Fluid Properties on Spray Characteristics of a Flow-Blurring Atomizer." In ASME Turbo Expo 2017: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2017-63135.

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In order to understand the reasons for the apparent benefits of using a flow-blurring (FB) atomizer in a combustion system, it is necessary to first examine fundamental spray characteristics under non-reacting conditions. Previous work on FB atomizers, however, has mostly involved only water and a relatively narrow range of parameters. In this study, a phase Doppler anemometry instrument was used to characterize FB atomizer sprays and determine the effects of varying surface tension and viscosity of the liquid. Operating at room pressure and temperature (i.e., a “cold spray”), droplet sizes and velocities were measured for water, a water/surfactant mixture (lower surface tension), a water/glycerol mixture (higher viscosity), and glycerol (much higher viscosity). For all of the tested fluids, with the exception of pure glycerol, the FB atomizer produced small droplets (below 50 μm) whose size did not vary significantly in the radial or axial direction, particularly above a characteristic distance from the atomizer exit. Results show that the spray is essentially unaffected by a 4.5x decrease in surface tension or a 7x increase in viscosity, and that Sauter mean diameter (SMD) only increased by approximately a factor of three when substituting glycerol (750x higher viscosity) for water. The results suggest that the FB atomizer can effectively atomize a wide range of liquids, making it a useful fuel-flexible atomizer for combustion applications.
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Tapia, Jose-Juan, and James R. Faeder. "The Atomizer." In BCB'13: ACM-BCB2013. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2506583.2512389.

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Rosskamp, Heiko, Michael Willmann, Jürgen Meisl, Robert Meier, Georg Maier, and Sigmar Wittig. "Effect of the Shear Driven Liquid Wall Film on the Performance of Prefilming Airblast Atomizers." In ASME 1998 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/98-gt-500.

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Advanced prefilming airblast atomizers are widely used for low emission combustors since they deliver a fine spray almost independently of the fuel flow rate. The droplet spectrum produced by this type of atomizer results from the aerodynamic forces at the atomizer edge and from the fuel properties prior to the film disintegration. Therefore, the wall film temperature is an important parameter affecting the fuel properties and in turn the atomization quality. Even though this atomizer type became well investigated (Lefebvre 1989, Rizk et al. 1987, Sattelmayer et al. 1989), still no general quantitative relationship between atomizer design and spray quality could be established since the fuel state at the atomizer edge cannot be precisely predicted yet. In extending earlier experimental and theoretical work on airblast atomizers (Sattelmayer et al. 1989, Himmelsbach et al. 1994, Willmann et al. 1997) and recent advances in the numerical modeling of wall film flows (Rosskamp et al. 1997a), this paper presents a numerical approach to judge the effect of fuel mass flow, air flow and the film length (i. e. length of atomizer lip) on the temperature of the liquid at the atomizer edge. The computer code developed provides detailed information on the wall film flow and the nozzle wall temperature. For the prediction of heat transfer to the film a new model has been developed which is based on measurements of the internal film flow (Elsäßer et al 1997). This new numerical approach can serve as a design tool to evaluate the effects of design modifications during atomizer development with view to their effect on atomization performance. The paper includes the theory for two-phase flow modeling and a generic parameter study that points out that the liquid loading and the length of the atomizer lip are important parameters in atomizer design. The calculations presented in the paper emphasize the necessity of coupled two-phase flow calculations because the film strongly interacts with the gas phase and the predicted atomizer performance is sensitive to changes in the air flow.
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Huang, Ker-Jer, Alex C. Chen, and Jing-Tang Yang. "Microfabrication and Laser Diagnosis of Pressure-Swirl Atomizers." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-41361.

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In this work we used deep-molding manufacture of three kinds to fabricate micro pressure-swirl atomizers to promote their performance, and a Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer (PDPA) to measure the characteristic distributions of the spray flow field of these atomizers. The deep-molding techniques were X-ray LIGA process, ICP-LIGA process (inductive coupling plasma etching), and injection molding LIGA process. Parameters of atomizers examined here include configuration of flow channel, diameter of exit orifice, the ratio of diameters of swirl chamber and discharge orifice, and the thickness of atomizer. Experimental results showed that the manufacturing process combining injection molding with electroplating had large yields and that the technique is highly reliable; enable manufacture of an atomizer at small cost and great quality. Moreover, these microatomizers are assembled well with other components and be readily applied. The results of PDPA diagnosis further revealed that the spray features are related with the design parameters of atomizer dimensions.
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Xiao, Wei, and Yong Huang. "Semi-Empirical Correlation to Predict the Sauter Mean Diameter of the Pressure-Swirl Atomizer." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-62907.

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In this study, experiments have been performed to investigate effects of pressure-swirl atomizer geometry on SMD. Different pressure-swirl atomizers were applied to study the effect of geometry on the SMD. Based on the experimental results, an empirical correlation was obtained to relate SMD with the Weber number characterized by film thickness. Meanwhile, a semi-empirical model which was improved from the surface wave breakup theory was established to predict the SMD of pressure-swirl atomizers. The model provides the droplet diameter as a function of atomizer geometry, operation condition and liquid properties. It is proved that the model is qualified for predicting SMD of pressure-swirl atomizers among wide range.
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Lai, Mark K., William G. Freeman, Paul R. Yankowich, Joe D. Bryant, and Peter Walterscheid. "High Pressure Spray Diagnostics Facility for Development and Evaluation of Aero-Engine Atomizer and Swirler Assemblies." In ASME Turbo Expo 2004: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2004-53994.

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Recently, Honeywell has developed an unique industry capability of a high-pressure spray diagnostics facility to characterize 3D spray structures. Capability unique to Honeywell is highlighted. Major issues in measurement procedures under laser, industrial, and high-pressure environments and in acquisition and post-processing of 3D imaging are discussed. To characterize 3D spray, methodologies are described to quantitatively analyze vertical and horizontal spray images and to develop correlations of atomizer performances with engine (or rig) test data. Applications of this facility for a dual-orifice atomizer with an air shroud, a piloted airblast atomizer, and an assembly of a Lean-Direct Injection (LDI) atomizer with premixed swirlers are presented. The results indicate that, to have good correlations of atomizer performance with engine (or rig) test data, atomizers must be tested under high-pressure conditions and characterized three-dimensionally. Capabilities are shown to provide critical information for design and development of combustion systems.
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Kong, L. X., W. M. Gao, A. M. Evans, B. Wang, and R. W. Milne. "Influence of Geometrical Design and Flow Conditions on the Performance of a Microatomiser." In ASME 7th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2004-58243.

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There are many domestic applications where a small amount of liquid needs to be applied to a defined small area under strict conditions. In some cases, the sprayed materials are toxic and expensive, and excessive spray will lead to potential damage to other materials and harm to human beings. A controlled micro atomizer is designed by integrating an electronic and mechanical system with adjustable capability to tune the volume. The geometrical dimension of the atomizer is optimized to deliver a right amount of liquid to a predetermined area. To study the influence of atomizer design and air velocity, the sprays issuing from different atomizers of various dimensions are investigated theoretically and computationally under various external flow conditions. It is found that a controlled atomizer can be developed by optimizing the nozzle design.
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Schmidt, Florian, Dieter Mewes, and Marc Lo¨rcher. "Measuring Flow Velocity and Flow Pattern of a Suspension-Gas Mixture Inside a Twin-Fluid Atomizer." In ASME 2006 2nd Joint U.S.-European Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting Collocated With the 14th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2006-98216.

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Twin-fluid atomizers are widely used for spray-drying application. The suspension to be dried can be atomized very efficiently if the atomizer is operated at critical conditions. The three-phase flow containing solids, gas and liquid is accelerated inside the atomizer due to a pressure gradient. If the upstream pressure is sufficiently high, a maximum possible mass flow rate is achieved. This operating condition is called “critical”. The velocity of the three-phase flow and the flow pattern in the exit cross section has a major impact on the jet break-up and thus on the spray characteristics. In this experimental work the flow velocity and flow pattern inside the nozzle of the atomizer is measured. A laser-sensor is used to determine the flow velocity via cross-correlation at different operating conditions and positions inside the nozzle. The same sensor is used to measure the flow pattern by analyzing the time dependent laser light absorption of of the flow. The influence of various compositions of the suspension concerning gas volume flow rate and particle concentration on the measured velocities and flow patterns are derived. Higher gas volume flow rates increase the velocities and higher particle concentration have a decreasing influence. For a pure gas-liquid flow the obtained results are in good agreement with a theoretical model. In the exit cross-section plug flow and annular flow is observed depending on the gas volume flow fraction. The particles in the suspension have no significant influence on the flow pattern.
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Li, Jibao, Arthur H. Lefebvre, and James R. Rollbuhler. "Effervescent Atomizers for Small Gas Turbines." In ASME 1994 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/94-gt-495.

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An experimental investigation is conducted into the potential of effervescent atomizers as fuel injectors for gas turbine engines. The designs studied include three different configurations of multihole effervescent atomizers and an effervescent/airblast hybrid atomizer. In all tests the liquid employed is water. The spray characteristics investigated include drop size distributions and liquid flux distributions within the spray. The results obtained show that multi hole effervesent atomizers combine good atomization with uniform liquid flux distribution. This makes them especially suitable for application to annular combustors because they allow appreciable reductions to be made 1n the number of fuel injectors needed to achieve uniform circumferential fuel distribution. The hybrid atomizer also combines good atomization with the capability of wide cone angles. The only drawback exhibited by these atomizers is the need for a separate supply of atomizing air. This drawback could restrict their applications to non-aeronautical gas turbine engines.
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Reports on the topic "Atomizer"

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C.R. Clark, G.C. Knighton, R.S. Fielding, and N.P. Hallinan. INL Laboratory Scale Atomizer. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/974781.

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BUTCHER, T. A. DEVELOPMENT OF A LOW PRESSURE, AIR ATOMIZED OIL BURNER WITH HIGH ATOMIZER AIR FLOW. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/758985.

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Butcher, T. A. Development of a Low Pressure, Air Atomized Oil Burner with High Atomizer Air Flow: Progress Report FY 1997. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6155.

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Osborne, Matthew G. Solidification analysis of a centrifugal atomizer using the Al-32.7wt.% Cu alloy. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/653960.

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Samuel, E. A., K. R. Murphy, and A. Demian. A 12-MW-scale pilot study of in-duct scrubbing (IDS) using a rotary atomizer. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10106444.

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Samuel, E. A., K. R. Murphy, and A. Demian. A 12-MW-scale pilot study of in-duct scrubbing (IDS) using a rotary atomizer. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6146196.

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Allen, Jeffrey, and Paul Ravenhill. A Novel Approach to Port Fuel Atomization Using a Very Low Power Multi-Holed Micro Atomizer. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, May 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-08-0155.

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Rony Hitron, William Humphrey, and Norman Chigier. DESIGN OF ATOMIZERS AND BURNERS FOR COAL-WATER SLURRY COMBUSTION. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/781753.

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Rony Hitron, William Humphrey, and Norman Chigier. DESIGN OF ATOMIZERS AND BURNERS FOR COAL-WATER SLURRY COMBUSTION. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/781757.

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Chigier, N., and P. Goldberg. Design of atomizers and burners for coal-water slurry combustion. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/231294.

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