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1
Marcus, Robert F., and Phyllis D. S. Betzer. "Attachment and Antisocial Behavior in Early Adolescence." Journal of Early Adolescence 16, no. 2 (May 1996): 229–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0272431696016002006.
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Yoon, Myeong-Sook, and A.-Ran Park. "Effects of Attachment Trauma on Drinking Behavior in Adolescence." Journal of Korean Alcohol Science 20, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.15524/ksas.2019.20.2.001.
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Bizzi, F. "Disruptive Behavior Disorders in Childhood and Adolescence: Attachment Models and Post-traumatic Symptomatology." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1926.
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IntroductionIn line with a consistent literature, young patients with disruptive behavior disorders in childhood and adolescence have experienced some traumatic events, such as abuse, rejection and violence assisted. Recent studies are focusing the attention on the role of attachment and post-traumatic symptomatology for a better evaluation of this clinical condition.ObjectiveThis study investigates attachment models and post-traumatic symptomatology in young patients with disruptive behavior disorders.Aim(s)The following objectives are set by the present study: – to evaluate attachment models in a group of children diagnosed with disruptive behavior disorders;– to evaluate their post-traumatic symptomatology;– to test the extent of the association between post-traumatic symptomatology and attachment organization in young patients with disruptive behavior disorders.MethodForty-two Italian patients aged from 8 to 15 previously diagnosed with disruptive behavior disorders are compared to 42 healthy control subjects. We administer the child attachment interview and trauma symptom checklist for children-adolescent.ResultsInsecure attachment are found in more than half of the patients diagnosed with disruptive behavior disorders and disorganization are highly over-represented. Furthermore, low levels of post-traumatic symptoms are found in young patients with disruptive behavior disorders.ConclusionThis study suggests that attachment organization may be a fundamental element to be assessed in the evaluation of disruptive behavior disorders in children and adolescents. Nevertheless, traumatic experiences do not seem expressed through psychic symptoms. The clinical implications are discussed.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
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Becker-Stoll, Fabienne, Elisabeth Fremmer-Bombik, Ulrike Wartner, Peter Zimmermann, and Klaus E. Grossmann. "Is attachment at ages 1, 6 and 16 related to autonomy and relatedness behavior of adolescents in interaction towards their mothers?" International Journal of Behavioral Development 32, no. 5 (September 2008): 372–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165025408093654.
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This study investigates whether attachment quality at ages 1, 6 and 16 is related to autonomy and relatedness behavior in adolescence. In a follow-up of the Regensburg Longitudinal Study, forty-three 16-year-old adolescents and their mothers were assessed in a revealed differences task and a planning a vacation task. Attachment was assessed during infancy using the Ainsworth Strange Situation and at age six with the reunion procedure. Adolescent attachment representation was assessed using the Adult Attachment Interview. Results provided no evidence for significant continuity between infant or childhood attachment behavior and adolescent attachment representation. Instability of attachment organization, however, was linked to a higher number of experienced risk factors. Substantial relations between adolescent attachment representation and adolescent autonomy and relatedness behavior were found in both interaction tasks with their mothers. Further, significant relations between attachment qualities at ages 1 and 6 and adolescent interaction behavior during the planning a vacation task at age 16 were found. Thus, independent of attachment stability or instability, both early attachment in infancy and childhood and concurrent attachment representation were significantly related to autonomy and relatedness behavior in adolescence.
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Bizzi, F. "Children with Somatic Symptoms Disorders and Disruptive Behavior Disorder: Which is the Role of Anger to Caregivers?" European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1925.
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IntroductionThe quality of adult-infant interactions represents a critical context in which child adaptation problems could evolve, and child psychopathology could develop. Literature has investigated the role of attachment to caregivers, nevertheless, there is a paucity of studies on middle-childhood and early adolescence in patients with somatic symptoms disorders and disruptive behavior disorders.ObjectiveThis study investigates the attachment to caregivers in children with somatic symptoms disorders and disruptive behavior disorders, focusing on the role of Anger to mothers and fathers.AimsThe aims are to verify the presence of: – high frequency of insecure attachment;– an overrepresentation of attachment disorganization;– high levels of Anger to caregivers.MethodFifty-six patients with somatic symptoms disorders, and 42 patients with disruptive behavior disorders, aged from 8 to 15, are administered the child attachment interview.ResultsFindings show: – Insecure attachment in more than half of the patients;– a significant presence of disorganized attachment with respect to both parents;– higher levels of anger to father in children with somatic symptoms disorders.ConclusionConsidering the attachment to have a regulatory function, the knowledge of the different attachment strategies in middle-childhood and early adolescence may enhance our understanding and improve the management and the treatment of patients with somatic symptoms disorders and disruptive behavior disorders.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
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Szielasko, Alicia L., Douglas K. Symons, and E. Lisa Price. "Development of an attachment-informed measure of sexual behavior in late adolescence." Journal of Adolescence 36, no. 2 (April 2013): 361–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2012.12.008.
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Symons, Douglas K., and Alicia L. Szielasko. "Attachment styles within sexual relationships are strategic." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 32, no. 1 (February 2009): 42–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x09000247.
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AbstractDel Giudice's examination of sex differences in reproductive strategy within an attachment context is well taken. Sex has been studied as behavior within romantic relationships, but attachment styles should also be reflected in strategic behavior within relationships that are sexual. This seems particularly true within adolescence, and sex differences may be better reflected as differences in correlation patterns of process variables than as main effects models.
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Feeney, Judith A., Candida Peterson, Cynthia Gallois, and Deborah J. Terry. "Attachment style as a piedictor of sexual attitudes and behavior in late Adolescence." Psychology & Health 14, no. 6 (January 2000): 1105–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08870440008407370.
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Watts, Stephen J. "ADHD Symptomatology and Criminal Behavior During Adolescence: Exploring the Mediating Role of School Factors." International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 62, no. 1 (April 7, 2016): 3–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306624x16639970.
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Prior research has shown that attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) relates to various negative outcomes in adolescence, including academic failure, behavioral problems at school, and criminal behavior. However, this line of research has generally failed to explore whether ADHD connects to criminal behavior through its effects on school factors. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), this study finds that a retrospective account of ADHD symptomatology during childhood and early adolescence predicts weakened school attachment, lower grades, and higher risks for both out-of-school suspension and crime. School attachment, grades, and out-of-school suspension have the expected effects on crime among females and males. Among females, these school factors mediate the effects of ADHD symptomatology on crime. The effect of ADHD symptomatology on crime among males remains significant when controlling for school factors. Implications of the findings for policy and theory are discussed.
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Joseph, Michelle A., Thomas G. O'Connor, Jacqueline A. Briskman, Barbara Maughan, and Stephen Scott. "The formation of secure new attachments by children who were maltreated: An observational study of adolescents in foster care." Development and Psychopathology 26, no. 1 (October 29, 2013): 67–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579413000540.
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AbstractChildren who were maltreated and enter foster care are at risk for maladjustment and relationship disturbances with foster carers. A popular hypothesis is that prior attachment relationships with abusive birth parents are internalized and carried forward to impair the child's subsequent attachment relationships. However, the empirical base for this model is limited, especially in adolescence. We examined the attachment patterns of 62 adolescents with their birth parents and their foster parents; we compared them to a comparison sample of 50 adolescents in normal-risk families. Attachment was assessed using the Child Attachment Interview; adolescent–parent interaction quality was assessed from direct observation; disruptive behavior symptoms were assessed from multiple informants. Whereas nearly all of the adolescents in foster families exhibited insecure attachments to their birth mothers (90%) and birth fathers (100%), nearly one-half were classified as having a secure attachment with their foster mother (46%) and father (49%); rates of secure attachment toward foster parents did not differ significantly from the rate in comparison families. Within the foster care sample, attachment security to the foster mother was predicted from current observed relationship quality and the duration of current placement. In addition, attachment quality in foster adolescents was associated with fewer disruptive behavior symptoms, and this association was equally strong in foster and comparison families. Our findings demonstrate that there is substantial potential for maltreated children to change and develop subsequent secure attachments in adolescence.
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Allen, Joseph P., and Erin M. Miga. "Attachment in adolescence: A move to the level of emotion regulation." Journal of Social and Personal Relationships 27, no. 2 (March 2010): 181–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265407509360898.
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The early adolescent’s state of mind in the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) is more closely linked to social interactions with peers, who are unlikely to serve as attachment figures, than it is to (i) qualities of the adolescent’s interactions with parents, (ii) the AAI of the adolescent’s mother, or (iii) the adolescent’s prior Strange Situation behavior. This unexpected finding suggests the value of reconceptualizing AAI autonomy/ security as a marker of the adolescent’s capacity for emotion regulation in social interactions. Supporting this, we note that the AAI was originally validated not as a marker of attachment experiences or expectations with one’s caregivers, but as a predictor of caregiving capacity sufficient to produce secure offspring. As such, the AAI may be fruitfully viewed as primarily assessing social emotion regulation capacities that support both strong caregiving skills and strong skills relating with peers.
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Puissant, Sylvia Pinna, Jean-Marie Gauthier, and Robin Van Oirbeek. "The Contribution of Social Rank and Attachment Theory to Depression in a Non Clinical Sample of Adolescents." Spanish journal of psychology 14, no. 2 (November 2011): 832–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/rev_sjop.2011.v14.n2.30.
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This study explores the relative contribution of the overall quality of attachment to the mother, to the father and to peers (Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment scales), the style of attachment towards peers (Attachment Questionnaire for Children scale), the social rank variables (submissive behavior and social comparison), and sex and age variables in predicting the depression score (Center of Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale) on a non-psychiatric sample of 13-18 year old adolescents (n = 225). Results of our integrated model (adjusted R-Square of .50) show that attachment variables (overall quality of attachment to the father and to the mother), social rank variables (social comparison and submissive behavior), age and sex are important in predicting depressive symptoms during adolescence. Moreover, the attachment to peers variables (quality of attachment to peers, secure and ambivalent style of attachment) and sex are mediated by the social rank variables (social comparison and submissive behavior).
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Roskam, Isabelle. "Externalizing behavior from early childhood to adolescence: Prediction from inhibition, language, parenting, and attachment." Development and Psychopathology 31, no. 02 (March 22, 2018): 587–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579418000135.
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AbstractThe aim of the current research was to disentangle four theoretically sound models of externalizing behavior etiology (i.e., attachment, language, inhibition, and parenting) by testing their relation with behavioral trajectories from early childhood to adolescence. The aim was achieved through a 10-year prospective longitudinal study conducted over five waves with 111 referred children aged 3 to 5 years at the onset of the study. Clinical referral was primarily based on externalizing behavior. A multimethod (questionnaires, testing, and observations) approach was used to estimate the four predictors in early childhood. In line with previous studies, the results show a significant decrease of externalizing behavior from early childhood to adolescence. The decline was negatively related to mothers’ coercive parenting and positively related to attachment security in early childhood, but not related to inhibition and language. The study has implications for research into externalizing behavior etiology recommending to gather hypotheses from various theoretically sound models to put them into competition with one another. The study also has implications for clinical practice by providing clear indications for prevention and early intervention.
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Wibowo, Nurhida Rahmalia, and Supra Wimbarti. "The perception of attachment effect in parents and peers on aggressive behavior in male adolescents." Psikohumaniora: Jurnal Penelitian Psikologi 4, no. 1 (April 30, 2019): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.21580/pjpp.v4i1.3118.
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Interaction among children with their parents and peers has an important role in developing aggression in adolescents. Negative interaction can form children’s negative perception of attachment to their parents and peers. In turn, it facilitates adolescent’s negative schemes from childhood to adolescence. Negative scheme children are generally easy to get anxious, difficult to trust another person in interaction, and aggressive. This study aimed to examine the perceptions of attachment effect to their father, mother, and peer on male adolescents' aggressive behaviors. The subjects of this study were 31 adolescents aged 12-15 years old, who lived in PSMP Antasena in Magelang. They were selected through purposive sampling technique. The data were collected using aggressive behavior scale and modification of parents and peer attachment inventory. The method used for analyzing data was multiple regression. The results of the analysis showed that R=0.688, p<0.01, indicating that the perceptions of father, mother and peer attachment significantly can predict aggression in male adolescents.
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Laible, Deborah. "Attachment with parents and peers in late adolescence: Links with emotional competence and social behavior." Personality and Individual Differences 43, no. 5 (October 2007): 1185–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2007.03.010.
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Bosmans, Guy, Caroline Braet, Karla Van Leeuwen, and Wim Beyers. "Do Parenting Behaviors Predict Externalizing Behavior in Adolescence, or Is Attachment the Neglected 3rd Factor?" Journal of Youth and Adolescence 35, no. 3 (February 16, 2006): 354–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10964-005-9026-1.
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Bizzi, F., S. Charpentier Mora, and D. Cavanna. "Disorganized attachment and psychological symptoms in children with somatic symptoms disorders." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (March 2016): S128—S129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.183.
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IntroductionSomatic symptoms disorders (SSD) are one of the most neglected areas in child and adolescent psychiatry (Mohapatra et al., 2014). SSD are characterized by multiple and variable physical symptoms without demonstrable pathophysiological processes. Literature has investigated the role of several psychological variables in SSD, with inconclusive data. Moreover, there is a paucity of studies on middle-childhood and early adolescence in this clinical condition.ObjectivesWe focus on the role of attachment and on psychological aspects in children with SSD.AimsThe aims are to verify the presence of:– an overrepresentation of attachment disorganization in these children;– an overrepresentation of psychological symptoms.MethodsFifty-six consecutive Italian patients with SSD, aged from 8 to 15, were administered Child Behavior Checklist (Achenbach, 1991) and Child Attachment Interview (Shmueli-Goetz et al., 2000).ResultsFindings showed:– a significant presence of disorganized attachment with respect to both parents;– high levels of anxiety and depression.ConclusionThis study extended previous research in middle-childhood and early adolescence in SSD. The findings support the influence of the disorganization aspects and the psychological problems surrounding the SSD. The clinical implications for future research directions are discussed.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Snegireva, T. V., and S. V. Volikova. "Attachment quality in adolescents with non-suicidal self-injury." Современная зарубежная психология 9, no. 4 (2020): 66–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/jmfp.2020090406.
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Foreign studies reveal a connection between attachment disorders and the occurrence of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in adolescents. Domestic studies, for all the relevance and importance of this topic, are few. It remains unclear which attachment disorders have the greatest impact on the emergence of non-suicidal self-injurious behavior: there are studies that have shown that the occurrence of NSSI is influenced by an attachment disorder to both parents, but there are studies that have revealed that attachment disorders to the father play a more significant role. It also discusses whether attachment to parents or peers has the greatest impact on the occurrence of NSSI and mental well-being in adolescence. The degree of influence of attachment to parents and peers is debated. Described are the targets and methods of psychological treatmentof adolescents with NSSI and their families.
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Jacobsen, Teresa, and Volker Hofmann. "Children's attachment representations: Longitudinal relations to school behavior and academic competency in middle childhood and adolescence." Developmental Psychology 33, no. 4 (1997): 703–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.33.4.703.
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Lacasa, Fernando, Merce Mitjavila, Susana Ochoa, and Nekane Balluerka. "The relationship between attachment styles and internalizing or externalizing symptoms in clinical and nonclinical adolescents." Anales de Psicología 31, no. 2 (April 25, 2015): 422. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/analesps.31.2.169711.
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<p>Studies regarding the relationship between attachment and psychopathology during adolescence have been performed separately for clinical and nonclinical adolescents and have used different assessment measures, which together might produce a methodological bias that increases the association between attachment and psychopathology. With the aim of avoiding this bias, the present study used identical measures to explore the relationship between attachment styles and internalizing or externalizing symptoms in clinical and nonclinical groups of adolescents. The sample consisted of 258 adolescents,129 clinical and 129 nonclinical, aged between 14 and 18 years. The adolescents in each group were matched for age, gender, and socioeconomic status. Attachment was assessed using the CaMir Q-sort,(Pierrehumbert et al., 1996) and psychopathological symptoms were assessed by means of the Youth Self Report (YSR). The relationships between attachment and psychopathology were similar for clinical and nonclinical adolescents. In both groups a preoccupied attachment style predicted internalizing and externalizing symptoms, somatic complaints, anxious-fearful behavior, verbal aggression, attention-seeking behavior, and thinking problems. Compared to previous studies, this research has made it possible to identify broader, stronger, and more specific associations between preoccupied attachment style and psychopathological symptoms in adolescents.</p>
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Zajac, Kristyn, and Roger Kobak. "Caregiver unresolved loss and abuse and child behavior problems: Intergenerational effects in a high-risk sample." Development and Psychopathology 21, no. 1 (January 2009): 173–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095457940900011x.
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AbstractThis study examines the intergenerational effects of caregivers' unresolved loss and abuse on children's behavior problems from middle childhood to early adolescence in an economically disadvantaged sample. One hundred twenty-four caregivers completed the Adult Attachment Interbiew (AAI) and a lifetime trauma interview during the age 13 wave of the study. Child behavior problems were assessed at four time points (ages 6, 8, 10, and 13) with teacher-reported Child Behavior Checklist total problem scales. The children of insecure caregivers with unresolved loss showed a consistent pattern of increased behavior problems from middle childhood to early adolescence. Caregivers' AAI status accounted for more variance in child behavior problems than did an alternative model of caregiver psychopathology (depression and dissociation). The results extend the literature on the effects of caregiver unresolved states of mind beyond infancy to older children and adolescents.
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Taubner, Svenja, and Christian Curth. "Mentalization mediates the relation between early traumatic experiences and aggressive behavior in adolescence." Psihologija 46, no. 2 (2013): 177–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/psi1302177t.
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The aim of the study was to examine whether mentalization serves as a protective factor against aggressive behavior in adolescence in the context of early traumatization. We present data from a non-clinical sample of adolescents from Germany (n=97) and calculate a mediation model to test the link between early traumatic experiences and aggressive behavior with mentalizing skills as a mediator. Mentalization was assessed with the Reflective Functioning Scale on the Adult-Attachment-Interview and aggressive behavior was measured with the Reactive-Proactive-Aggression-Questionnaire. Traumatic experience was operationalized as physical and/or sexual abuse as reported in the Childhood Experience of Care and Abuse Questionnaire. Results show a complete mediation for Reflective Functioning on the relationship between early abuse and aggressive behavior. Thus, the findings of the study support an understanding of mentalizing as a protective factor for the relationship between early abusive experience and the development of aggressive behavior. Clinical implications are discussed.
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Herrenkohl, Todd I., Richard F. Catalano, Sheryl A. Hemphill, and John W. Toumbourou. "Longitudinal Examination of Physical and Relational Aggression as Precursors to Later Problem Behaviors in Adolescents." Violence and Victims 24, no. 1 (February 2009): 3–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.24.1.3.
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Research has addressed the consequences of being a victim of physical and relational aggression but less so the consequences of being an aggressor during adolescence. Consequently, relatively little is known about the extent to which aggression in early adolescence increases the risk of later aggression and other psychosocial problems. This study involves a representative sample of seventh- and ninth-grade students from Washington State (N = 1,942). Students were surveyed on recruitment and then again 1 and 2 years later to learn about ongoing behavior problems, substance use, depression, and self-harm behaviors. Surveys also included measures of several hypothesized promotive factors: attachment to family, school commitment, and academic achievement. Findings suggest that being physically and/or relationally aggressive in grades 7 to 9 increases the risk of aggression and possibly other problem behaviors after accounting for age, gender, race, and a prior measure of each outcome. Independent promotive effects were observed in most analyses, although family attachment appeared a less robust predictor overall. Implications for prevention include acting on the behavior itself and enhancing promotive influences to lessen the risk of agression and other related problems.
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Ivanovic-Kovacevic, Svetlana, Aleksandra Dickov, and Gordana Misic-Pavkov. "Family dysfunction in adolescents with suicidal behavior and in adolescents with conduct disorders." Medical review 58, no. 5-6 (2005): 240–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns0506240i.
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Introduction. The period of life known as adolescence generally refers to transition from childhood to adulthood. Adolescents' progress toward autonomy involves remaining connected with, as well as separated from parents. Young people and their parents usually have mixed feelings about adolescent autonomy and attachment. An estimated 50% of children born in the 80s have spent part of their developmental years in single-parent households. Divorce is almost always a stressful event in children's lives. Youthful suicide rate has increased dramatically and is the third leading cause of death among 15-19 year olds. Conduct disorder is one of the most frequently diagnosed conditions in adolescents. Suicidal adolescents and adolescents with conduct disorder are much more likely than their peers to have grown up in disrupted, disorganized homes with lack of attachment between parents and their children. Material and methods This prospective study was carried out during 2002, 2003, and 2004. The research included 60 adolescents treated at the Center for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry in Novi Sad, 30 with diagnosed conduct disorder and 30 with suicidal behavior. Results Along with other kinds of distress, suicidal adolescents have experienced an escalation of family problems a few months prior to attempted suicide. Discussion Divorce and life in single-parent households is almost always a stressful period in children's lives. Conduct disorder and suicidal behavior represent a desperate cry for help. Conclusion Most adolescents in both groups live in single-parent house?holds. These young people have frequently passed into adolescence with little reason to feel that they could rely on their parents for support, or on their home as a place of sanctuary. .
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MARSH, PENNY, F. CHRISTY MCFARLAND, JOSEPH P. ALLEN, KATHLEEN BOYKIN MCELHANEY, and DEBORAH LAND. "Attachment, autonomy, and multifinality in adolescent internalizing and risky behavioral symptoms." Development and Psychopathology 15, no. 2 (June 2003): 451–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579403000245.
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A diathesis-stress interaction model is used to describe multifinality in adolescent internalizing and risky behavioral outcomes. Problematic behavior associated with adolescent insecure preoccupation (a diathesis) was expected to interact with the level of maternal autonomous discourse (a stressor) to predict specific adolescent outcomes. Assessments of adolescent preoccupied attachment organization, observations of maternal displays of autonomy in mother–adolescent interactions, and adolescent reports of internalizing symptoms and risky behaviors were obtained at age 16. As predicted, maternal autonomy in the mother–adolescent relationship helped to explain multifinality in dysfunctional symptoms among preoccupied adolescents. Adolescent preoccupation was more strongly linked to internalizing behavior when mothers demonstrated low levels of autonomy in interactions with their adolescents and more strongly linked to risky behavior when mothers displayed extremely high levels of autonomy. Implications for autonomy processes in increasing our understanding of how adolescent insecure–preoccupation relates to profiles of specific problems during adolescence are discussed as is the importance of exploring the role of attachment in different contexts.
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Rogier, G., C. Petrocchi, M. D’aguanno, and P. Velotti. "Self-harm and Attachment in Adolescents: What is the Role of Emotion Dysregulation?" European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.2214.
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IntroductionSelf-harm typically occurs in adolescence and has been conceptualized as a dysfunctional strategy to regulate intense negative emotions. Furthermore, empirical literature outlines that self-harmers are more prone to have an insecure attachment style. Moreover, the link between quality of attachment and capacity to regulate emotions has been theoretically and empirically supported.ObjectiveTo examine the associations between attachment style, self-harm behaviors and emotion dysregulation among a sample of adolescents. The sample consisted of 740 adolescents aged between 13 and 19 years (mean age = 16.70, SD = 0.91).AimsTo explore the nature of different pathways by which insecure attachment leads to self-harm behaviors.ResultsAs expected, insecure attachment and emotion dysregulation were positively associated with self-harm behaviors. Moreover, emotion dysregulation mediated the link between attachment styles and self-harm. Specific pathways between types of insecure attachment dimension of emotion dysregulation and self-harm behaviors emerged.ConclusionsSuch results confirm the theorization of self-harm behaviors as a dysfunctional strategy to regulate emotions. Moreover, such emotion dysregulation in self-harmers seem to be connected to insecure attachment. Depending on the subtype of insecure attachment, specific dimensions of emotion dysregulation seem to be involved in self-harm behavior, suggesting interesting clinical implications.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Avdeeva, N. N., and B. A. Hoffman. "Current research on adolescents’ relationships with parents." Современная зарубежная психология 8, no. 4 (2019): 69–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/jmfp.2019080407.
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The article is based on the materials of foreign sources and discusses the current trends in the relationship of adolescents and their parents. The following problems are discussed: influence of upbringing styles and parental attitudes on various aspects of psychological development of adolescents; contribution of relationships with parents and peers into social and personality development in adolescence; peculiarities of teenagers’ attachments to parents; child-parent conflicts. The recent studies of family education and its influence on psychological development confirm the positive role of authoritative parenting style, the negative impact of rigid parenting style on adolescent aggression and so on. It is shown that excessive parental control does not contribute to the development of self-esteem and increases self-criticism in adolescent girls. In relatively new researches devoted to "technoference" the negative impact of technical means (phone, gadgets) on interaction between parents and children is shown. The article stresses the importance of attachment to parents in adolescence; the role of the quality of attachment in formation of autonomy; capacity to solve problems and cope with difficulties associated with Internet addiction; aggression and school performance. The article also presents studies of positive and negative aspects of the impact of conflict with parents on the personality development of adolescents, gender differences in behavior during the conflict between mother and father, the contribution of marital conflicts to psychological development in adolescence.
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Carlson, Elizabeth A., Byron Egeland, and L. Alan Sroufe. "A prospective investigation of the development of borderline personality symptoms." Development and Psychopathology 21, no. 4 (October 14, 2009): 1311–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579409990174.
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AbstractThe antecedents and developmental course of borderline personality disorder symptoms were examined prospectively from infancy to adulthood using longitudinal data from a risk sample (N= 162). Borderline personality disorder symptom counts were derived from the Structured Clinical Interview forDSMDisorders diagnostic interview at age 28 years. Correlational analyses confirmed expected relations between borderline symptoms and contemporary adult disturbance (e.g., self-injurious behavior, dissociative symptoms, drug use, relational violence) as well as maltreatment history. Antecedent correlational and regression analyses revealed significant links between borderline symptoms in adulthood and endogenous (i.e., temperament) and environmental (e.g., attachment disorganization, parental hostility) history in early childhood and disturbance across domains of child functioning (e.g., attention, emotion, behavior, relationship, self-representation) in middle childhood/early adolescence. Process analyses revealed a significant mediating effect of self-representation on the relation between attachment disorganization on borderline symptoms. The findings are discussed within a developmental psychopathology framework in which disturbance in self-processes is constructed through successive transactions between the individual and environment.
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Khoury, Jennifer E., Mallika Rajamani, Jean-François Bureau, M. Ann Easterbrooks, and Karlen Lyons-Ruth. "Aspects of Parent–Child Interaction from Infancy to Late Adolescence are Associated with Severity of Childhood Maltreatment through Age 18." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 11 (May 26, 2020): 3749. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17113749.
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Childhood maltreatment (CM) is a pervasive public health problem worldwide, with negative health consequences across the lifespan. Despite these adverse outcomes, identifying children who are being maltreated remains a challenge. Thus, there is a need to identify reliably observable features of parent–child interaction that indicate risk for CM and that can instigate strategically targeted family supports. The aim of this longitudinal study was to assess multiple aspects of observed mother–child interaction from infancy to late adolescence as risk indicators of the overall severity of CM by age 18. Mother–child dyads were assessed in infancy (N = 56), at age 7 years (N = 56), and at age 19 years (N = 56/110). Severity of CM through age 18 was indexed by combined prospective and retrospective assessments. Interactions associated with severity of CM by age 18 included maternal hostility in infancy, maternal withdrawal in infancy and middle childhood, child disorganized attachment behavior in middle childhood and late adolescence, as well as hostile and role-confused interactions in late adolescence. This study identifies new indices of maternal and child behavior as important risk indicators for the severity of CM. These indices could be used to improve early identification and tailor preventive interventions for families at risk for CM.
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Schoeps, Konstanze, Estefanía Mónaco, Amparo Cotolí, and Inmaculada Montoya-Castilla. "The impact of peer attachment on prosocial behavior, emotional difficulties and conduct problems in adolescence: The mediating role of empathy." PLOS ONE 15, no. 1 (January 10, 2020): e0227627. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0227627.
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Rawatlal, Nishola, Wendy Kliewer, and Basil J. Pillay. "Adolescent attachment, family functioning and depressive symptoms." South African Journal of Psychiatry 21, no. 3 (August 1, 2015): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v21i3.672.
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<p><span><strong>Background.</strong> Adolescence represents a challenging transitional period where changes in biological, emotional, cognitive and social domains can increase the risk of developing internalised problems including subthreshold depression. Adolescent-parent attachment style, perceived support and family functioning may increase risk for depressive symptoms or may reduce such risk. Adolescent-parent attachment, adolescent-perceived support from parents and family functioning were examined as correlates of depressive symptom presentation within this age group.</span></p><p><strong>Methods.</strong> Participants included a maternal parent and an adolescent (65.5% female) from each family. Adolescents were in Grade 7 (<em>n</em>=175) or Grade 10 (<em>n</em>=31). Data were collected through home interviews. The Self-Report of Family Inventory (SFI), Experiences of Close Relationships Scale (ECR), Network of Relationships Inventory (NRI), Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI) and Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) were used to assess depression, parental support and attachment. </p><p><strong>Results. </strong>Two models were examined: one with adolescent report of depressive symptoms as the outcome and a second with parent report of adolescent internalising symptoms as the outcome. The model predicting adolescent-reported depressive symptoms was significant with older age, higher levels of avoidant attachment, and higher levels of youth-reported dysfunctional family interaction associated with more depressive symptomatology. In the model predicting parent report of adolescent internalising symptoms only higher levels of dysfunctional family interaction, as reported by the parent, were associated with higher levels of internalising symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion. </strong>Positive family communication, cohesion and support predictive of a secure parent-adolescent attachment relationship reduced the risk of a depressive symptom outcome. Secure adolescents were able to regulate their emotions, knowing that they could seek out secure base attachment relations within their family and from friends during times of stress, buffering against the development of depressive symptoms.</p>
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Giuseppone, Kathryn R., and Laura E. Brumariu. "Mother-child disagreements on child anxiety: associated factors." Journal of Children's Services 12, no. 4 (December 18, 2017): 257–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcs-11-2016-0021.
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Purpose Previous literature demonstrated low-to-moderate rates of agreement between children and mothers regarding child anxiety. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate factors related to differences between mother-child dyads who disagreed vs agreed in their reports of child anxiety symptoms. Design/methodology/approach In total, 87 children aged 9-12 years old and their mothers completed questionnaires regarding maternal perceptions of child behavior, maternal separation anxiety about the child’s individuation, and mother-child relationship characteristics. Findings The results showed that mothers in mother-child dyads who disagreed on child anxiety symptoms, compared to those in dyads who agreed on child anxiety symptoms, perceived their children as showing higher affect intensity and behavioral problems. They also expressed greater anxiety about the children’s individuation process, characterized in part by children’s increased autonomy and decline of reliance on them. Further, children in dyads who disagreed, compared to those in dyads who agreed, reported lower mother-child attachment security. Originality/value The results extend the literature by identifying specific factors related to the discrepancy between mothers’ and children’s reports of childhood anxiety in early adolescence. The results highlight the need to consider both mothers’ and children’s views when assessing childhood anxiety. Importantly, the results also indicate that specific factors investigated in this study, including maternal perception of children’s behavioral problems and their affect intensity, maternal anxiety about child individuation, and mother-child attachment security, could be used to inform clinical decisions regarding informant discrepancies.
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Marín-Tejeda, Miguel, Kalina Isela Martínez-Martínez, and Carolina Santillán Torres-Torija. "Quality of attachment, trauma, psychopathology, and frequency of non-suicidal self-injury in Mexican adolescents suffering from psychosocial vulnerability: Description of a risk profile." Salud mental 44, no. 2 (April 9, 2021): 53–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2021.009.
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Introduction. Suffering from psychosocial vulnerability, particularly during adolescence, increases the likelihood of experiencing adverse life circumstances, psychiatric conditions, and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI). Objective. We studied: 1. record-based demographic and clinical characteristics, as well as the frequency of NSSI in adolescents, beneficiaries of services for vulnerable population of one of six Non-Governmental Organizations (NGO’s), we compared by beneficiary type: internal (IB) versus external (EB); 2. predictive relationship of NSSI with depression, difficulties in emotion regulation (DER) and suicidal ideation (administered measures); 3. Comparison of average scores on measures by: quality of attachment (QOA) and presence/absence of NSSI. Method. A convenience sample of 255 adolescents (45.5% women, ages 11-15) answered instruments in institutional facilities (Mexico City and Puebla), where 181 (71%) resided as IB and 74 (29%) resided in family home (EB). The mental health staff of each NGO specified according to the record: demographics, psychiatric diagnoses, history of trauma, and QOA between the minor and his attachment figure. Results. 42% denied NSSI episodes, 16.9% indicated a non-significant pattern, and 35.6% reported a significant and recent pattern. IB presented higher scores in all measurements, higher report of interpersonal trauma, depressive, anxiety, and behavior disorders. Minors with positive QOA obtained significantly lower scores. Discussion and conclusion. Compared to EB’s, adolescents residing in NGOs have a higher risk profile, particularly those without a positive QOA, a fact that is associated with a greater presence of psychopathology and significant and recent NSSI.
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Κουφάκη, Ειρήνη, and Ελένη Ανδρέου. "Εκφοβισμός/Θυματοποίηση, προσκόλληση στο σχολείο και δοκιμή εξαρτησιογόνων ουσιών στην εφηβεία." Psychology: the Journal of the Hellenic Psychological Society 26, no. 1 (March 24, 2021): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/psy_hps.26239.
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Research findings have shown associations between smoking and bullying behavior, but they have not yet offered a clear picture concerning students involved in bully/victim incidents and whether they had tried addictive substances. Additionally, it seems that the less students feel connected to their school, the more they try addictive substances and the more they get involved in bullying/victimization. The main aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between bullying/victimization, school bonding during adolescence and whether students had tried substances. The sample consisted of 779 students (426 boys and 353 girls) of middle and high schools who were administered a questionnaire concerning school bullying/victimization (categorization of students in bullies, victims, bully/victims and not involved), four parameters of school bonding, namely commitment, attachment, involvement and faith in school rules, and whether they had tried legal and illegal addictive substances. Results showed that the more the students felt connected to their school, the less they had tried addictive substances. Bullies and bully/victims had tried more substances than victims and students not involved in bully/victim incidents, while they felt less connected to their school in terms of commitment and attachment. There was not any statistically significant relationship between involvement in school activities and bullying/victimization. As far as faith in school rules is concerned, not involved students exhibited the highest scores and bully/victims the lowest. The results of this study confirm previous findings in the field of bullying/victimization and are discussed in terms of their implications for school-based interventions.
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Ulmer Yaniv, Adi, Roy Salomon, Shani Waidergoren, Ortal Shimon-Raz, Amir Djalovski, and Ruth Feldman. "Synchronous caregiving from birth to adulthood tunes humans’ social brain." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 14 (March 30, 2021): e2012900118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2012900118.
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Mammalian young are born with immature brain and rely on the mother’s body and caregiving behavior for maturation of neurobiological systems that sustain adult sociality. While research in animal models indicated the long-term effects of maternal contact and caregiving on the adult brain, little is known about the effects of maternal–newborn contact and parenting behavior on social brain functioning in human adults. We followed human neonates, including premature infants who initially lacked or received maternal–newborn skin-to-skin contact and full-term controls, from birth to adulthood, repeatedly observing mother–child social synchrony at key developmental nodes. We tested the brain basis of affect-specific empathy in young adulthood and utilized multivariate techniques to distinguish brain regions sensitive to others’ distinct emotions from those globally activated by the empathy task. The amygdala, insula, temporal pole (TP), and ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC) showed high sensitivity to others’ distinct emotions. Provision of maternal–newborn contact enhanced social synchrony across development from infancy and up until adulthood. The experience of synchrony, in turn, predicted the brain’s sensitivity to emotion-specific empathy in the amygdala and insula, core structures of the social brain. Social synchrony linked with greater empathic understanding in adolescence, which was longitudinally associated with higher neural sensitivity to emotion-specific empathy in TP and VMPFC. Findings demonstrate the centrality of synchronous caregiving, by which infants practice the detection and sharing of others’ affective states, for tuning the human social brain, particularly in regions implicated in salience detection, interoception, and mentalization that underpin affect sharing and human attachment.
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Favieri, Francesca, Andrea Marini, and Maria Casagrande. "Emotional Regulation and Overeating Behaviors in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review." Behavioral Sciences 11, no. 1 (January 19, 2021): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs11010011.
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The worldwide prevalence of obesity has dramatically increased, mostly in children and adolescents. The Emotional Eating theoretical model has proposed that the failure in emotional regulation could represent a risk factor for establishing maladaptive overeating behavior that represents an inadequate response to negative emotions and allows increasing body-weight. This systematic review investigates the relationship between overeating and both emotional regulation and emotional intelligence in childhood and adolescence, considering both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. Moreover, another goal of the review is evaluating whether emotional regulation and emotional intelligence can cause overeating behaviors. The systematic search was conducted according to the PRISMA-statement in the databases Medline, PsychArtcles, PsychInfo, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Sciences, and allows 484 records to be extracted. Twenty-six studies were selected according to inclusion (e.g., studies focused on children and adolescents without clinical conditions; groups of participants overweight or with obesity) and exclusion (e.g., studies that adopted qualitative assessment or cognitive-affective tasks to measure emotional variables; reviews, commentary, or brief reports) criteria detailed in the methods. Cross-sectional studies showed a negative association between emotional regulation and overeating behavior that was confirmed by longitudinal studies. These findings highlighted the role of maladaptive emotion regulation on overeating and being overweight. The relationship between these constructs in children and adolescents was consistent. The results indicated the complexity of this association, which would be influenced by many physiological, psychological, and social factors. These findings underline the need for further studies focused on emotion regulation in the development of overeating. They should analyze the mediation role of other variables (e.g., attachment style, peer pressure) and identify interventions to prevent and reduce worldwide overweight prevalence.
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Boivin, Michael J., Miriam Chernoff, Lee Fairlie, Barbara Laughton, Bonnie Zimmer, Celeste Joyce, Linda Barlow-Mosha, et al. "African Multi-Site 2-Year Neuropsychological Study of School-Age Children Perinatally Infected, Exposed, and Unexposed to Human Immunodeficiency Virus." Clinical Infectious Diseases 71, no. 7 (December 18, 2019): e105-e114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciz1088.
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Abstract Background Children living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are at neuropsychological risk for cognitive and motor dysfunction. However, few prospective, multi-site studies have evaluated neuropsychological outcomes longitudinally among perinatally infected African children who received early antiretroviral treatment (ART). Methods We enrolled 611 children aged 5 to 11 years at 6 sites (South Africa [3], Zimbabwe, Malawi, Uganda). Of these, there were 246 children living with HIV (HIV+) who were initiated on ART before 3 years of age in a prior clinical trial comparing nevirapine to lopinavir/ritonavir (International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Clinical Trials [IMPAACT] P1060); 183 age-matched, exposed but uninfected (HEU) children; and 182 unexposed and uninfected (HUU) children. They were compared across 3 assessment time points (Weeks 0, 48, and 96) on cognitive ability (Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children, second edition [KABC-II]), attention/impulsivity (Tests of Variables of Attention [TOVA]), motor proficiency (Bruininks-Oseretsky Test, second edition [BOT-2]), and on the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF). The cohorts were compared using linear mixed models, adjusting for site, child’s age and sex, and selected personal/family control variables. Results The HIV+ cohort performed significantly worse than the HEU and HUU cohorts for all KABC-II, TOVA, and BOT-2 performance outcomes across all 3 time points (P values < .001). The HUU and HEU cohorts were comparable. For the KABC-II planning/reasoning subtests, the HIV+ children showed less improvement over time than the HUU and HEU groups. The groups did not differ significantly on the BRIEF. Conclusions Despite initiation of ART in early childhood and good viral suppression at the time of enrollment, the HIV+ group had poorer neuropsychological performance over time, with the gap progressively worsening in planning/reasoning. This can be debilitating for self-management in adolescence.
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Andayani, Friska Tri, and Endang Ekowarni. "Peran Relasi Orang Tua-Anak dan Tekanan Teman Sebaya terhadap Kecenderungan Perilaku Pengambilan Risiko." Gadjah Mada Journal of Psychology (GamaJoP) 2, no. 2 (February 6, 2018): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/gamajop.33097.
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Ferronha, José, Ana Almeida, Lucia Oliveira, J. Teixeira De Sousa, and Vítor Sousa. "ESTUDO DA VINCULAÇÃO E DA EMPATIA EM ADOLESCENTES INSTITUCIONALIZADOS COM ACOMPANHAMENTO PSICOLÓGICO NO PIAC (PLANO INTEGRADO DE APOIO À COMUNIDADE)." International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology. Revista INFAD de Psicología. 1, no. 1 (September 10, 2016): 327. http://dx.doi.org/10.17060/ijodaep.2014.n1.v1.378.
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Abstract:The authors studied the level of Affective and Cognitive Empathy in 26 adolescents that live in establishments that institucionalises adolescents at risk , and studied the type of attachment and the perception they have of their early relationships with parents . This study aims to better understand the adolescents to implement intervention strategies to improve the social behavior of adolescents at risk and in need of special educational measures . Three instruments adapted for the Portuguese adolescent population were utilized for this study: the Basic Empathy Scale ( Jolliffe , 2005) , The Adolescent Attachment Inventory - IPPA ( Armsden & Greenberg , 1987) and Drawing Circles of Representatives family ( S. Pipp , Shaver P. , S. Jennings , S.Lamborn & KW Fischer , 1985). The results showed us that these adolescents of the PIAC had a lower level of empathy than that in a school population studied by Susana Anastácio (2013 ) , in 344 adolescents. It was possible to compare the results with those obtained with the IPPA and with the Design of Circles Representatives of the Family in a normal population of 400 Adolescents. The Mann Whitney test showed that this population of the PIAC differs significantly from the normal population in Attachment to peers and in the subscale Alienation to peers, as well as in the perception that adolescents imagine how the early relationships with their parents was. These results are in agreement with the results obtained by Susana Anastácio (2013 ).Keywords : adolescence : empathy, attachment; early relationshipResumo:Os autores estudaram o nível de Empatia Afetiva e Cognitiva em 26 adolescentes institucionalizados em estabelecimentos que acolhem jovens em risco, e ainda o tipo de vinculação e a perceção que eles têm das suas relações precoces com os pais. Este estudo visa conhecer melhor os jovens no sentido de implementar estratégias de intervenção que permitam melhorar o comportamento social de jovens em risco e necessitados de medidas educativas especiais. Foram utilizados para este estudo três instrumentos já aferidos para a população adolescente portuguesa e que são: a Escala de Empatia Básica (Jolliffe, 2005; versão portuguesa: Nobre Lima, Rijo & Matias, 2011) , O Inventário de Vinculação na Adolescência-IPPA ( Armsden & Greenberg, 1987; versão portuguesa: Lúcia Neves, 1995) e o Desenho de Círculos Representativos da Família de S. Pipp, P. Shaver, S. Jennings, S.Lamborn & K. W. Fischer, 1985) Versão: M.C. Canavarro. Os resultados obtidos e que foram comparados com os resultados obtidos por Susana Anastácio (2013), numa população de 344 adolescentes permite-nos identificar nestes jovens do PIAC uma empatia em média mais baixa que na população escolar já estudada. Foi possível comparar os resultados obtidos nos adolescentes do PIAC com os resultados obtidos com o IPPA e com o Desenho dos Círculos Representativos da Família numa população de 400 Adolescentes em que o teste de Mann Whitney mostrou que esta população do PIAC difere significativamente da população normal na Vinculação aos amigos e na subescala de Alienação aos amigos do IPPA, tal como nos resultados obtidos por Susana Anastácio (2013). Foi significativa também a diferença entre os grupos de adolescentes quanto à perceção que têm da distância aos pais na relação precoce.Palavras chave: adolescência: empatia; vinculação; relação precoce
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Oropesa Ruiz, Nieves Fátima. "PARENTALIDAD ADOPTIVA Y PROBLEMAS DE CONDUCTA INFANTIL." International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology. Revista INFAD de Psicología. 1, no. 1 (October 2, 2017): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.17060/ijodaep.2017.n1.v1.908.
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Abstract.ADOPTIVE PARENTALITY AND PROBLEMS OF CHILD CONDUCTTraditionally, research in the context of the adoption has tried to answer two main research questions. The first question is whether adopted children have more problems than non-adopted children and the second is whether adopted children get recover from adversity experienced before being adopted. In the literature on adoption there are evidences that have been responding to these questions. Recent research on adoption, in addition to the above issues, address the issue referred to the processes and factors operating in the psychological adjustment of children adopted. With the intention of responding to these ultimate questions this research is designed, which focuses on the analysis of the psychological characteristics of parents and the processes of relationship between parents and children. Specifically parents are analysed in attachment related aspects, sensitivity, reflective functioning and parental stress. These issues are discussed in the context of the family adoption and its relationship with behavioural problems in children. The sample amounted to a total of 98 Spanish families, 40 adoptive families and 58 non adoptive families. The multiple linear regression revealed that when parents had a personal history of low maternal and paternal overprotection and high affection by the figure of the mother in childhood and adolescence, a positive parental reflective function under parental stress and high quality in the interaction between mothers and children, the behavioural adjustment difficulties decreased. Deepening on the dynamics and functioning that occurs inside adoptive families will improve designs for future lines of action in this context.Key words: Adoption, family typologies, behavior problems, childhood.Resumen.Tradicionalmente, la investigación en el contexto de la adopción ha tratado de dar respuesta a dos preguntas principales de investigación. La primera pregunta es si los niños adoptados presentan más problemas que los niños no adoptados y la segunda es si los niños se recuperan de la adversidad experimentada antes de ser adoptados. En la literatura sobre adopción existen evidencias que han ido dando respuesta a estos interrogantes. Investigaciones más recientes en adopción abordan, además de las cuestiones anteriores, la cuestión referida a los procesos y factores que operan en el ajuste psicológico de los niños adoptados. Con la intención de dar respuesta a estas últimas cuestiones se ha diseñado la presente investigación, que se centra en el análisis de las características psicológicas de los padres y madres y los procesos de relación entre padres e hijos. En concreto se analizan en los padres aspectos relacionados con el apego, con la sensibilidad, la función reflexiva y el estrés parentales. Estos temas se analizan en el contexto familiar de la adopción, así como su relación con los problemas de conducta en los menores. La muestra ascendió a un total de 98 familias españolas, 40 familias de adopción internacional y 58 familias no adoptivas. El análisis de regresión lineal múltiple reveló que cuando los padres y madres presentaban una historia personal de baja sobreprotección materna y paterna y alto afecto por parte de la figura de la madre en la infancia y la adolescencia, una función reflexiva parental positiva, bajo estrés parental y alta calidad en la interacción entre madres e hijos, las dificultades de adaptación conductual disminuyeron. Profundizar en la dinámica y el funcionamiento que se da en el interior de las familias adoptivas permitirá mejorar los diseños de futuras líneas de intervención en este contexto.Palabras clave: Adopción, tipologías de familias, problemas de conducta, infancia.
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Profe, Wade B., Lauren G. Wild, and Colin Tredoux. "Adolescents’ responses to the distress of others: The influence of multiple attachment figures via empathic concern." Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, March 17, 2021, 026540752110004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02654075211000433.
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Attachment theory provides an informative theoretical description of how prosocial behaviors in response to the distress of others may be socialized. This study aimed to investigate associations between attachment security to mothers, fathers, closest grandparents and peers, and young adolescents’ (a) prosocial responses to others’ distress and (b) global prosocial behaviors, via the mediation of empathic concern. Cross-sectional survey data were obtained from 520 adolescents (aged 11–14) from nine schools in Cape Town, South Africa. Structural equation modeling revealed that a model in which all paths from the attachment variables were routed through empathic concern was superior to a model which proposed only direct effects of attachment on prosocial behavior. Peer and grandparent attachment were significantly associated, through empathic concern, with self-reported helping in response to others’ distress. For teacher-reported global prosocial behavior, the indirect effects of peer and grandparent attachment failed to reach significance. The results provide theoretical insight into the association between secure attachments and prosocial behavior, and highlight the importance of relationships with friends and grandparents in early adolescence.
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Shannon, Roisin. "Reviewing the Association between Early Attachment Style and Bystander Behavior in Instances of Bullying during Childhood and Adolescence." UC Merced Undergraduate Research Journal 10, no. 2 (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.5070/m4102038935.
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Seim, Astrid R., Thomas Jozefiak, Lars Wichstrøm, Stian Lydersen, and Nanna S. Kayed. "Reactive attachment disorder and disinhibited social engagement disorder in adolescence: co-occurring psychopathology and psychosocial problems." European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, November 13, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00787-020-01673-7.
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AbstractInsufficient care is associated with most psychiatric disorders and psychosocial problems, and is part of the etiology of reactive attachment disorder (RAD) and disinhibited social engagement disorder (DSED). To minimize the risk of misdiagnosis, and aid treatment and care, clinicians need to know to which degree RAD and DSED co-occur with other psychopathology and psychosocial problems, a topic little researched in adolescence. In a national study of all adolescents (N = 381; 67% consent; 12–20 years old; 58% girls) in Norwegian residential youth care, the Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment interview yielded information about psychiatric diagnoses and psychosocial problems categorized as present/absent, and the Child Behavior Check List questionnaire was applied for dimensional measures of psychopathology. Most adolescents with a RAD or DSED diagnosis had several cooccurring psychiatric disorders and psychosocial problems. Prevalence rates of both emotional and behavioral disorders were high in adolescent RAD and DSED, as were rates of suicidality, self-harm, victimization from bullying, contact with police, risky sexual behavior and alcohol or drug misuse. Although categorical measures of co-occurring disorders and psychosocial problems revealed few and weak associations with RAD and DSED, dimensional measures uncovered associations between both emotional and behavioral problems and RAD/DSED symptom loads, as well as DSED diagnosis. Given the high degree of comorbidity, adolescents with RAD or DSED—or symptoms thereof—should be assessed for co-occurring psychopathology and related psychosocial problems. Treatment plans should be adjusted accordingly.
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Yeganegi, Kamran. "The Description of The Impact of Social Attachment on Adolescence Purchase Behavior: A Case Study In Tehran & Isfahan." SSRN Electronic Journal, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3602312.
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Fabiola, Bizzi. "Disruptive behavior disorder in middle childhood and early adolescence: What is the role of attachment and emotional regulation strategies?" Journal of Psychiatry 21 (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2378-5756-c5-048.
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