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Journal articles on the topic 'Attacked trees'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Bleiker, Katherine P., B. Staffan Lindgren, and Lorraine E. Maclauchlan. "Characteristics of subalpine fir susceptible to attack by western balsam bark beetle (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 33, no. 8 (2003): 1538–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x03-071.

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A diameter distribution survey at three sites in the interior of British Columbia revealed that the western balsam bark beetle (Dryocoetes confusus Swaine) predominately attacked trees from the three to four largest diameter classes at each site. However, the mean diameter of attacked trees was significantly different among sites, indicating that factors other than diameter contribute to the susceptibility of subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.) to the western balsam bark beetle. A number of tree characteristics, including measures of growth, age, crown size, and phloem thickness, we

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Thier, R. W., and Steve Patterson. "Mortality of Douglas-fir After Operational Semiochemical Baiting for Douglas-fir Beetle (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)." Western Journal of Applied Forestry 12, no. 1 (1997): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wjaf/12.1.16.

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Abstract Effects of an operational application of synthetic Douglas-fir beetle (Dendroctonus pseudotsugae Hopkins) attractants applied to Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb.] Franco) trees have not been well documented. Baits, containing a 1:1 mixture of frontalin and alpha-pinene, were deployed over 64 acres in an area application at the rate of 2 baits/ac. Baited trees, and unbaited Douglas-firs surrounding the bait centers, were selected for measurements. All baited trees were attacked along with 42.3% of the surrounding unbaited Douglas-firs. Attacked trees were significantly larger

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Yamasaki, Michimasa, Yasuto Ito, and Makoto Ando. "Mass attack by the ambrosia beetle Platypus quercivorus occurs in single trees and in groups of trees." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 44, no. 3 (2014): 243–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2013-0273.

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Bark and ambrosia beetles sometimes kill trees by attacking them en masse; however, their attack is not necessarily successful. Less than half of the fagaceous trees attacked by the ambrosia beetle Platypus quercivorus (Murayama) die, and the factors affecting this mortality are still unknown. To examine this issue, the survival of all stems of fagaceous trees attacked by the ambrosia beetle was investigated in a secondary forest from 2008 to 2010. In an area of 93 ha, 2130 stems (1278 genets) of fagaceous trees were attacked by P. quercivorus during the study period, and 813 of these stems di

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4

Stock, Arthur J., J. H. Borden, T. L. Pratt, H. D. Pierce, and B. D. Johnston. "ENANTIOMERIC COMPOSITION AND RELEASE RATES OF exo-BREVICOMIN INFLUENCE AGGREGATION OF THE WESTERN BALSAM BARK BEETLE, DRYOCOETES CONFUSUS SWAINE (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE)." Canadian Entomologist 127, no. 4 (1995): 449–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent127449-4.

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AbstractField experiments demonstrated that the western balsam bark beetle, Dryocoetes confusus, responded best to multiple-funnel traps baited with mixtures of (+)- and (−)-exo-brevicomin. (±)-exo-Brevicomin released at 0.8 mg per 24 h performed as well as or better than release rates of from 0.2 to 1.0 mg per 24 h in terms of the number of baited trees which were mass attacked (80%), average attack density, and average number of trees attacked within a 10-m radius of baited trees. Baiting more than one tree in a spot resulted in an intensification of attack on baited trees and increased the

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5

Hard, John S. "Vulnerability of white spruce with slowly expanding lower boles on dry, cold sites to early seasonal attack by spruce beetles in south central Alaska." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 17, no. 5 (1987): 428–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x87-074.

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Two stands of white spruce (Piceaglauca (Moench) Voss), one on a south aspect and one on a north aspect on the Kenai Peninsula of Alaska, were sampled intensively to determine site and host variables associated with high attack densities by spruce beetle, Dendroctonusrufipennis (Kirby). Attacks peaked during the early phase of tree radial growth on both aspects as the rate of tree expansion slowed. Generally, the first trees attacked, also the most heavily attacked, expanded more slowly before and after beetle attack than did trees attacked later or not at all. High attack densities were conce

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6

Shea, Patrick J., Mark D. McGregor, and Gary E. Daterman. "Aerial application of verbenone reduces attack of lodgepole pine by mountain pine beetle." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 22, no. 4 (1992): 436–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x92-057.

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Mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonusponderosae Hopkins, is the primary pest affecting lodgepole pine, Pinuscontorta var. latifolia Engelm., ecosystems in western North America. In 1988, aerial treatments of the antiaggregation pheromone, verbenone, were applied to lodgepole pine stands infested with mountain pine beetle in northwestern Montana. The pheromone was formulated by PHERO TECH Inc. in controlled-release, cylindrical 5 × 5 mm plastic beads and applied without benefit of a sticker at the rate of 54 g verbenone per hectare. There were significantly fewer successfully attacked trees on the

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Santamour, Frank, and Kim Steiner. "Borer Damage in Green Ash Trees from Different Provenances." Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 12, no. 8 (1986): 199–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.1986.043.

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Young trees of green ash (Fraxlnus pennsyivanica) from 43 geographic origins throughout the species' range were heavily attacked (81 %) by the ash borer (Podosesia syringae) or its sibling species P. aureoclncta, with no differences among provenances. Faster growing trees were attacked more often than weak trees. The few fast-growing, borer-free trees remaining are being vegetatively propagated and used in controlled crosses to develop populations for further testing.

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8

Dominique, Zoh Olivia, Dolou Charlotte Tonessia, Éric Francis Soumahin, Kouamé Kouassi James Joseph, and Amadou Doumbia. "Study of Biological Factors Likely to Influence Sensitivity to Dry Ball Disease of Rubber Tree in Three Rubber Production Zones of Cote D’ivoire." International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology 8, no. 6 (2023): 273–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijeab.86.24.

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Rubber production in rubber trees is affected by dry notch disease, the cause of which has unfortunately not yet been fully elucidated. This study aims to evaluate the impact of biological factors on susceptibility to disease across agro-industrial companies in the West (Zagné), South-West (San-Pédro) and South-East (Anguédédou) zones of the Côte d’Ivoire. The method used is the recording of panel sick length (PSL) of rubber trees in relation to their clonal metabolisms and the attacks of the main pests of rubber trees such as Corynespora sp, Fomes sp and Loranthaceae. The results showed that

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Camacho, Alejandro D., and John H. Borden. "RESPONSE OF THE WESTERN BALSAM BARK BEETLE, DRYOCOETES CONFUSUS SWAINE (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE), TO HOST TREES BAITED WITH ENANTIOSPECIFIC BLENDS OF EXO- AND ENDO-BREVICOMIN." Canadian Entomologist 126, no. 1 (1994): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent12643-1.

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AbstractThe response of the western balsam bark beetle, Dryocoetes confusus Swaine, to subalpine firs, Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt., baited with (±)-exo-brevicomin (EXOB) or 9:1 blends of EXOB and endo-brevicomin (ENDOB), in two chiral combinations: (+):(±) and (+):(+), was assessed in a heavily infested stand in British Columbia. Unbaited control trees were not attacked, and the proportion of mass-attacked baited trees was similar for all other treatments. However, trees baited with the (+):(+) blend had the highest number of attacks per square metre, and they were also surrounded by the mo

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Borden, John, Glen Sparrow, and Nicole Gervan. "Operational Success of Verbenone Against the Mountain Pine Beetle in a Rural Community." Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 33, no. 5 (2007): 318–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2007.036.

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Pouches releasing verbenone, the antiaggregation pheromone of the mountain pine beetle, were stapled to 1191 lodgepole pines throughout 95 residential properties in four subdivisions at Lac le Jeune, British Columbia, in July 2005. Postflight assessment in October in three of the subdivisions, where almost all infested trees had been removed before beetle flight, revealed new mass attacks on 3.6% of 3857 available trees 17.5 cm or greater (7 in) dbh. In a fourth subdivision where no infested trees were removed, 19.6% of 634 available trees were mass-attacked. In contrast, 17.4% of 1145 availab

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Schafellner, Christa, Roland Berger, Arno Dermutz, Erwin Führer, and Jutta Mattanovich. "RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FOLIAR CHEMISTRY AND SUSCEPTIBILITY OF NORWAY SPRUCE (PINACEAE) TO PRISTIPHORA ABIETINA (HYMENOPTERA: TENTHREDINIDAE)." Canadian Entomologist 131, no. 3 (1999): 373–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent131373-3.

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AbstractFollowing a 3-year period of high populations of the little spruce sawfly, Pristiphora abietina Christ, a monophagous species infesting Norway spruce, Picea abies Karst., we compared variations in foliar nutrients (nitrogen, water, soluble carbohydrates, starch) and potential defensive compounds (fiber, quinic and shikimic acids, tannins) of trees that had been subjected to high or very low levels of defoliation. During the time of needle expansion a substantial decline in leaf quality occurred: nitrogen, water, and carbohydrate levels decreased, whereas fiber and starch concentrations

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12

Vargas, Carlos F., Alejandro López, Hermilo Sánchez, and Blanca Rodríguez. "Allozyme analysis of host selection by bark beetles in central Mexico." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 32, no. 1 (2002): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x01-171.

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A study was done to determine if the bark beetles Dendroctonus adjunctus Blandford and Dendroctonus valens LeConte exhibit a nonrandom selection pattern of susceptible Pinus lawsonii Rozel and Pinus montezumae Lamb. trees that can be related to genetic differences in the tree species. The study was done in an unmanaged, mature forest in which bark beetle infestations have been reported for 15 years. Samples from attacked and nonattacked trees of both pines species were characterized using allozymes. Collected leaf material was run in starch gels with a lithium hydroxide buffer and 15 markers.

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13

Alfaro, René I., G. K. Kiss, and A. Yanchuk. "Variation in the induced resin response of white spruce, Piceaglauca, to attack by Pissodesstrobi." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 26, no. 6 (1996): 967–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x26-106.

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The intensity of the traumatic resin response in white spruce, Piceaglauca (Moench) Voss, to attack by the white pine weevil, Pissodesstrobi Peck, was studied in trees with different severities of attack. The response level was highest in trees where the attacks failed, i.e., where eggs were laid but the brood was killed and no adults emerged. Successfully attacked trees had, on average, only 62% of the response intensity of trees with failed attacks. Response intensity in trees that had been subjected only to feeding was much lower, at 42% of the failed attack response. Healthy unattacked tre

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14

Preisler, Haiganoush K., and Russel G. Mitchell. "Colonization Patterns of the Mountain Pine Beetle in Thinned and Unthinned Lodgepole Pine Stands." Forest Science 39, no. 3 (1993): 528–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forestscience/39.3.528.

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Abstract Outbreak populations of the mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins, in central Oregon, were analyzed with an autologistic regression model to evaluate colonization patterns in thinned and unthinned plots of lodgepole pine, Pinus contorta Dougl. Results confirmed previous observations that beetle attacks in unmanaged stands were related to tree diameter and spacing among trees. Beetles showed a decided preference for colonizing trees with large diameters. Trees with small diameters were rarely attacked unless they were close to other trees under attack. Thinned plots wer

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15

Ross, Darrell W., and Christine G. Niwa. "Using Aggregation and Antiaggregation Pheromones of the Douglas-Fir Beetle to Produce Snags for Wildlife Habitat." Western Journal of Applied Forestry 12, no. 2 (1997): 52–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wjaf/12.2.52.

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Abstract Pheromone baits for the Douglas-fir beetle were applied alone and in combination with the antiaggregation pheromone, 3-methylcyclohex-2-en-1-one (MCH), to test potential treatments for creating snags to improve wildlife habitat. All baited trees were attacked by beetles following both treatments. However, more unbaited trees were attacked on plots without MCH than on plots with MCH. One year after treatment, more of the attacked trees were dead on plots without MCH than on plots with MCH. Bark beetle pheromones can be used effectively to create snags for improving wildlife habitat, bu

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16

Nelson, E. E. "Black Bears Prefer Urea-Fertilized Trees." Western Journal of Applied Forestry 4, no. 1 (1989): 13–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wjaf/4.1.13.

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Abstract Feeding damage by black bears (Ursus americanus) to urea-fertilized 25-yr-old Douglas-firs (Pseudotsuga menziesii) in the Mount Hood National Forest, Oregon, resulted in tree mortality four times as severe as among unfertilized trees. Damage was most apparent following application of urea at 448 kg N/ha in 1972, and 224 kg N/ha in 1977. Only Douglas-fir, the dominant species in the stand, was attacked. Attacked trees were somewhat larger than the stand average, but the difference was not significant. Bears appeared to be attracted to the more vigorous trees, which were on fertilized p

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17

Tisdale, Robert A., T. Evan Nebeker, and John D. Hodges. "Role of Oleoresin Flow in Initial Colonization of Loblolly Pine by Southern Pine Beetle (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)." Journal of Entomological Science 38, no. 4 (2003): 576–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-38.4.576.

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The influence of total resin flow in loblolly pine, Pinus taeda L., on initial colonization by the southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), was investigated. Resin flow of trees was manipulated mechanically so that it followed the same pattern of decrease and near cessation as seen in trees successfully attacked by southern pine beetle. There were also intermediate treatments where resin flow was allowed to recover after near cessation. Beetles were introduced by means of mesh cages attached to the mid-bole of trees and left until the end of the longest

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18

Lindgren, B. S., J. H. Borden, G. H. Cushon, L. J. Chong, and C. J. Higgins. "Reduction of mountain pine beetle (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) attacks by verbenone in lodgepole pine stands in British Columbia." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 19, no. 1 (1989): 65–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x89-009.

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The effect of the aggregation-inhibiting pheromone verbenone on mountain pine beetle attacks in lodgepole pine stands was assessed by affixing verbenone release devices on trees on a 10 × 10 m grid. In one experiment, aggregation to trees baited with an attractive combination of trans-verbenol, exo-brevicomin, and myrcene was reduced in verbenone-treated blocks compared with control blocks (attractive baits only). The mean number of trees with mass attacks (≥31.3 attacks/m2), mean percentage of available trees mass attacked, and mean total number of trees infested were reduced by 74.3, 66.7, a

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Fischer, Melissa J., Kristen M. Waring, Richard W. Hofstetter, and Thomas E. Kolb. "Ponderosa Pine Characteristics Associated with Attack by the Roundheaded Pine Beetle." Forest Science 56, no. 5 (2010): 473–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forestscience/56.5.473.

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Abstract The roundheaded pine beetle (Dendroctonus adjunctus Blandford [Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae]) is an aggressive (tree-killing) bark beetle species that attacks several species of pine. Characteristics of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws.) trees chosen for attack by this beetle were studied in a current outbreak in northern Arizona. We found significant differences in basal area increment, crown width, lengths of internodes, subbranches, and needles, phloem thickness, and resin composition between attacked and unattacked trees. Attacked trees had significantly low

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Weckerly, Floyd W., Derrick W. Sugg, and Raymond D. Semlitsch. "Germination success of acorns (Quercus): insect predation and tannins." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 19, no. 6 (1989): 811–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x89-124.

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Predation by curculionid larvae, tannic acid content, and germination were measured in acorns from individual trees of Quercusalba and Quercusrubra from two sites at the Meeman Biological Field Station, Shelby County, Tennessee, U.S.A. A crossed and nested analysis of variance design was used, and no significant differences were found among trees or between sites in percentages of acorns that were attacked nor in tannic acid contents. Quercusrubra acorns had significantly less predation and higher amounts of tannic acid than Q. alba acorns. Acorns of both species that were not attacked had sig

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Borden, John H., Leslie J. Chong, Tracy J. Earle, and Dezene P. W. Huber. "Protection of lodgepole pine from attack by the mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) using high doses of verbenone in combination with nonhost bark volatiles." Forestry Chronicle 79, no. 3 (2003): 685–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc79685-3.

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We evaluated the antiaggregation pheromone verbenone at low and high doses alone and with a seven-component repellent blend of nonhost angiosperm bark volatiles (NHVs) for their ability to deter attack by the mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins. Release devices containing antiaggregants were deployed at 16 points on a 10-m grid in 40 × 40-m plots near Williams Lake, B.C. in June 2001. In 10 control plots with no antiaggregants, single pheromone-baited trees, at the plot centre were all mass-attacked by the mountain pine beetle by early October, as were 26.6% of the 432 lodgep

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Georgiev, Georgi, Margarita Georgieva, Sevdalin Belilov, et al. "Early detection of Ips typographus infestations by using Sentinel-2 satellite images in windthrow affected Norway spruce forests in Smolyan region, Bulgaria." Silva Balcanica 23, no. 2 (2022): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/silvabalcanica.22.e98314.

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Strong winds uprooted more than 100 thousand m3 of coniferous trees in natural forest stands nearby the town of Smolyan (the Western Rhodopes) in January 2018. Although damaged trees were quickly removed from the stands, the European spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus) attacked the healthy Norway spruce trees near the windthrow areas in August 2020. Our hypothesis was that the trees were infested by the pest in previous years when no symptoms of attacks were observed. This study was conducted in three spruce stands, located near the windthrow areas and attacked by I. typographus, and in three

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Georgiev, Georgi, Margarita Georgieva, Sevdalin Belilov, et al. "Early detection of Ips typographus infestations by using Sentinel-2 satellite images in windthrow affected Norway spruce forests in Smolyan region, Bulgaria." Silva Balcanica 23, no. (2) (2022): 27–34. https://doi.org/10.3897/silvabalcanica.22.e98314.

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Strong winds uprooted more than 100 thousand m<sup>3</sup> of coniferous trees in natural forest stands nearby the town of Smolyan (the Western Rhodopes) in January 2018. Although damaged trees were quickly removed from the stands, the European spruce bark beetle (<em>Ips typographus</em>) attacked the healthy Norway spruce trees near the windthrow areas in August 2020. Our hypothesis was that the trees were infested by the pest in previous years when no symptoms of attacks were observed. This study was conducted in three spruce stands, located near the windthrow areas and attacked by <em>I. t

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Stock, Arthur J., J. H. Borden, and T. L. Pratt. "Containment and concentration of infestations of the western balsam bark beetle, Dryocoetes confusus (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), using the aggregation pheromone exo-brevicomin." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 24, no. 3 (1994): 483–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x94-065.

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Containment and concentration of infestations of the western balsam bark beetle, Dryocoetes confusus Swaine, was demonstrated when (±)-exo-brevicomin released at 0.4 mg/24 h was applied to single subalpine firs, Abieslasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt., on a 50-m grid over 9-ha blocks, or released at 0.8 mg (24 h/tree)−1 applied to two trees at 50-m centres over the central 4 ha of 16-ha blocks. Nearest-neighbour distance between red trees and newly mass-attacked trees was 24 m in the central 4 ha of baited 16-ha blocks, compared with 13.8 m in control blocks, suggesting a movement of beetles away from "

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ILEA, Iuliu, Ionuţ Bogdan HULUJAN, Teodora FLORIAN, and Ion OLTEAN. "Studies Regarding the Attack of Some Invasive Species on Trees and Shrubs from Landscape Arrangements in Cluj-Napoca Municipality." Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Agriculture 79, no. 2 (2022): 32–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-agr:2022.0026.

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Species of ornamental trees and shrubs are frequently attacked by invasive species recently introduced in Romania. Of these, the species Metcalfa pruinosa Say. (Hemiptera: Flatidae), native to the United States, is widespread. It is a polyphagous species. The attack is manifested in the leaves causing damage to the aesthetic value of the attacked plants. During the 2020-2021, the species of trees and shrubs attacked by Metcalfa pruinosa Say were identified and the frequency and intensity of the attack was determined. The studies were carried out in the spaces see and on the street alignments i

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Borden, J. H., L. J. Chong, B. S. Lindgren, et al. "A simplified tree bait for the mountain pine beetle." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 23, no. 6 (1993): 1108–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x93-141.

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Seven, split-block experiments throughout British Columbia in 1989 tested the efficacy of binary tree baits containing the pheromones trans-verbenol and exo-brevicomin or ternary baits with the addition of the host tree kairomone myrcene for containing and concentrating infestations of the mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonusponderosae Hopkins, in stands of lodgepole pine, Pinuscontorta var. latifolia Engelm. Attack densities on baited trees, attack frequencies of baited trees and trees within 10 m of the baited trees, and the ratios of newly attacked, green, trees to previously attacked, red, t

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Kelsey, Rick G., D. Gallego, F. J. Sánchez-García, and J. A. Pajares. "Ethanol accumulation during severe drought may signal tree vulnerability to detection and attack by bark beetles." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 44, no. 6 (2014): 554–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2013-0428.

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Tree mortality from temperature-driven drought is occurring in forests around the world, often in conjunction with bark beetle outbreaks when carbon allocation to tree defense declines. Physiological metrics for detecting stressed trees with enhanced vulnerability prior to bark beetle attacks remain elusive. Ethanol, water, monoterpene concentrations, and composition were examined in the phloem and sapwood of drought-stressed Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) freshly attacked by mature Mediterranean pine shoot beetles (Tomicus destruens (Wollaston, 1865)) and in neighboring unattacked trees

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Owen, Nancy, Clifford Sadof, and Michael Raupp. "The Effect of Plastic Tree Wrap on Borer Incidence in Dogwood." Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 17, no. 2 (1991): 29–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.1991.009.

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In an integrated pest management program developed for the National Park Service, tree wrap was applied to young dogwoods to protect the trees from deer. The presence of vinyl wrap was found to have a significant effect on the incidence of dogwood borers in these trees. Dogwood borers attacked wrapped trees more frequently and more successfully than unwrapped trees.

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Greenwood, Matthew E., and John H. Borden. "Co-baiting for spruce beetles, Dendroctonus rufipennis, and western balsam bark beetles, Dryocoetes confusus (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 30, no. 1 (2000): 50–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x99-184.

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Co-baiting to contain and concentrate the spruce beetle, Dendroctonus rufipennis (Kirby), and the western balsam bark beetle, Dryocoetes confusus Swaine, was investigated at four locations in British Columbia. Two 9-ha areas were established at each location; one was baited and the other left as a control. Single "interior firs," Abies bifolia A. Murray × Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt., or groups of two or three trees, were baited with (±)-exo-brevicomin released at 1.0 mg/24 h. "Interior spruces," Picea engelmannii Engelm. ex Parry × Picea glauca (Moench) Voss, were baited with frontalin rele

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Progar, R. A. "Verbenone Reduces Mountain Pine Beetle Attack in Lodgepole Pine." Western Journal of Applied Forestry 18, no. 4 (2003): 229–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wjaf/18.4.229.

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Abstract Mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae, is the most common cause of mortality of mature lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia). In 2000–2002 the antiaggregative compound verbenone was applied annually to the same lodgepole pine stands in campgrounds and resort facilities at the Sawtooth National Recreation Area in central Idaho to assess its ability in deterring mountain pine beetle attack through the course of a multiyear outbreak. Verbenone was applied at the rate of forty 5g pouches/ac releasing 25–35 mg/24h at 20°C. Significantly fewer trees were attacked and killed

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Kashian, Daniel M., Rebecca M. Jackson, and Heather D. Lyons. "Forest structure altered by mountain pine beetle outbreaks affects subsequent attack in a Wyoming lodgepole pine forest, USA." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 41, no. 12 (2011): 2403–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x11-142.

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Extensive outbreaks of the mountain pine beetle ( Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) will alter the structure of many stands that will likely be attacked again before experiencing a stand-replacing fire. We examined a stand of lodgepole pine ( Pinus contorta var. latifolia Engelm. ex S. Watson) in Grand Teton National Park currently experiencing a moderate-level outbreak and previously attacked by mountain pine beetle in the 1960s. Consistent with published studies, tree diameter was the main predictor of beetle attack on a given tree, large trees were preferentially attacked, and tree vigor, ag

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LeBude, Anthony, and Craig Adkins. "Incidence and Severity of Buprestid Infestation in Field-Grown Acer platanoides Related to Cardinal Orientation of Understock Bud Union." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 32, no. 4 (2014): 215–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898.32.4.215.

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Flatheaded appletree borers (FAB) (Chrysobothris femorata Olivier) pose a significant risk to field production of shade and flowering trees because attack by one larva can render a tree unsalable. This insect attacks wounded and stressed trees, susceptible cultivars, or newly transplanted trees that might be stressed by desiccation, high temperature or both. The insect is managed by a combination of monitoring and scouting using purple panel traps, growing degree days and plant phenology, and use of chemical insecticides. An observational study of field-planted liners of ‘Royal Red’ Norway map

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Olsson, Per-Ola, Pengxiang Zhao, Mitro Müller, Ali Mansourian, and Jonas Ardö. "Combining Sentinel-2 Data and Risk Maps to Detect Trees Predisposed to and Attacked by European Spruce Bark Beetle." Remote Sensing 16, no. 22 (2024): 4166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs16224166.

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The European spruce bark beetle is a major disturbance agent in Norway spruce forests in Europe, and with a changing climate it is predicted that damage will increase. To prevent the bark beetle population buildup, and to limit further spread during outbreaks, it is crucial to detect attacked trees early. In this study, we utilize Sentinel-2 data in combination with a risk map, created from geodata and forestry data, to detect trees predisposed to and attacked by the European spruce bark beetle. Random forest models were trained over two tiles (90 × 90 km) in southern Sweden for all dates with

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Preisler, Haiganoush K. "Modelling Spatial Patterns of Trees Attacked by Bark-Beetles." Applied Statistics 42, no. 3 (1993): 501. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2986328.

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Mercado, Javier E., Robert T. Walker, Scott Franklin, Shannon L. Kay, Susana Karen Gomez, and Robert M. Hubbard. "Changes in Transpiration and Leaf Water Potential in Douglas-Fir Trees following Douglas-Fir Beetle Attack and Mechanical Girdling." Forests 12, no. 12 (2021): 1722. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12121722.

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Bark beetles and their associated fungi kill trees readily, but we often ignore which organism is the leading cause of tree mortality. While phloem feeding beetles inhibit photosynthate transport, their associated fungi block the tracheids disrupting transpiration. Within the family Pinaceae, knowledge of tree physiological decline following bark beetle and associated fungi colonization is limited to the genus Pinus. Here we investigate the physiological response of Pseudotsuga (P. menziesii) to bark beetles or its fungi. We hypothesized that fungi block water transport in Douglas-fir causing

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Davis, Ryan S., Sharon Hood, and Barbara J. Bentz. "Fire-injured ponderosa pine provide a pulsed resource for bark beetles." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 42, no. 12 (2012): 2022–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x2012-147.

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Bark beetles can cause substantial mortality of trees that would otherwise survive fire injuries. Resin response of fire-injured northern Rocky Mountain ponderosa pine ( Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex P. Lawson & C. Lawson) and specific injuries that contribute to increased bark beetle attack susceptibility and brood production are unknown. We monitored ponderosa pine mortality and resin flow and bark beetle colonization and reproduction following a prescribed fire in Idaho and a wildfire in Montana. The level of fire-caused tree injury differed between the two sites, and the level of tree inj

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Safranyik, L., T. L. Shore, and D. A. Linton. "ATTACK BY BARK BEETLES (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE) FOLLOWING SPACING OF MATURE LODGEPOLE PINE (PINACEAE) STANDS." Canadian Entomologist 131, no. 5 (1999): 671–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent131671-5.

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AbstractVariation in bark beetle attack following spacing of mature lodgepole pine stands in the East Kootenays of British Columbia was analyzed in relation to stand location (site), spacing treatment, and harvesting injury. Observations were made on three sites, each having three treatments: 4 × 4 m spacing, 5 × 5 m spacing, and untreated control. There was no statistically significant difference in the numbers of attacked trees among sites or treatments. However, in the spaced plots 94.3% of the attacked trees sustained harvesting injury or were located adjacent to skid trails. Dendroctonus

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Broberg, Cynthia L., John H. Borden, and Leland M. Humble. "Distribution and abundance of Cryptorhynchus lapathi on Salix spp. in British Columbia." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 32, no. 3 (2002): 561–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x01-211.

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Larvae of the poplar and willow borer, Cryptorhynchus lapathi (L.), an exotic Eurasian weevil, bore into the stems of Salix and Populus spp. creating infection courts for pathogens and weakening stems to breakage. We conducted a survey to determine the distribution and prevalence of C. lapathi in British Columbia. The survey spanned five biogeoclimatic zones, 15 subzones, 45 locations, 135 sites, and 3360 trees. We found the still-expanding range of C. lapathi to have at least doubled since 1963. The weevil was present in 38 locations and 14 subzones, with prevalence of weevil-attacked trees s

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Klutsch, Jennifer G., Jonathan A. Cale, Caroline Whitehouse, Sanat S. Kanekar, and Nadir Erbilgin. "Trap trees: an effective method for monitoring mountain pine beetle activities in novel habitats." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 47, no. 10 (2017): 1432–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2017-0189.

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Mountain pine beetle (MPB; Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) has recently expanded its range into the lodgepole pine forests in Alberta, Canada. However, it is unknown whether semiochemical tools developed in the beetle’s historical range are suitable for monitoring MPB in the new environment. Thus, we conducted a 3-year study to test new MPB monitoring tools in Alberta. A field trial selected a combination of MPB pheromones and two host volatiles. Using this combination, we baited different numbers of trees in triangular, square, or rectangular formations (spatial arrangements of trees) to det

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Ribeiro, Genésio Tâmara, Marcelo da Costa Mendonça, João Basílio de Mesquita, José Cola Zanuncio, and Gervásio Silva Carvalho. "Spittlebug Cephisus siccifolius damaging eucalypt plants in the State of Bahia, Brazil." Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 40, no. 7 (2005): 723–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2005000700015.

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Most common pests of eucalyptus plants in Brazil are leaf cutting ants and defoliating caterpillars. Other groups, eventually, feeding on eucalyptus include Heteroptera and cicadas. The objectives of this work were to identify and to describe attack symptoms of Cephisus siccifolius (Walker 1851) (Hemiptera: Aphrophoridae) on eucalyptus trees in a stand of 25.77 hectares in the State of Bahia, Brazil, where 99.3% of them were attacked by this spittlebug. Damage was more severe on branches and leaves. Tree death was, relatively, low while those cut showed 4.7 colonies of this spittlebug with 21.

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Kinn, D. N., and M. J. Linit. "Temporal Relationship Between Southern Pine Beetle (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) and Pinewood Nematode Infestations in Southern Pines." Journal of Entomological Science 27, no. 3 (1992): 194–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-27.3.194.

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The incidence of feeding scars of the cerambycid vectors of the pinewood nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner and Buhrer) Nickel) on twigs of loblolly (Pinus taeda L.) and shortleaf (Pinus echinata Mill.) pines in central Louisiana was determined. Feeding scars on twigs taken from pines felled at random were compared to those on twigs taken from pines adjacent to southern pine beetle (Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann) infestations. Additionally, the presence of pinewood nematode in trees attacked by southern pine beetle was followed through the course of beetle development. Significa

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Santamour, Frank. "Wound Compartmentalization Potential and Borer Damage in Green Ash." Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 13, no. 5 (1987): 131–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.1987.028.

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Green ash trees that exhibited strong Wall 2 compartmentalization of chisel wounds made in the trunk had less wood discoloration associated with ash borer activity than did weak compartmentalizing trees. The wood of weak compartmentalizers was extensively colonized by microorganisms (bacteria and stain fungi) and many such trees were declining. Despite the fact that both strong and weak trees were attacked by borers with equal frequency, strong compartmentalizing trees could withstand the attacks and continue to grow normally. The use of vegetatively propagated cultivars, all of which are stro

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Hadfield, James S., and Paul T. Flanagan. "Dwarf Mistletoe Pruning May Induce Douglas-Fir Beetle Attacks." Western Journal of Applied Forestry 15, no. 1 (2000): 34–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wjaf/15.1.34.

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Abstract Fresh attacks of Douglas-firs (Pseudotsuga menziesii) by Douglas-fir beetles (Dendroctonus pseudotsugae) were found in a campground that had trees pruned to remove Douglas-fir dwarf mistletoe (Arceuthobium douglasii) infections. All Douglas-firs with a diameter at breast height (dbh) of at least 12.7 cm were examined. Beetle attacks were found on 41% of the pruned trees and 5% of the unpruned trees. Among pruned trees, both the average number of branches pruned and the average dbh were greater in trees attacked by Douglas-fir beetles than in unattacked trees. West. J. Appl. For. 15(1)

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Mitchell, Russel G., and Haiganoush K. Preisler. "Analysis of Spatial Patterns of Lodgepole Pine Attacked by Outbreak Populations of the Mountain Pine Beetle." Forest Science 37, no. 5 (1991): 1390–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forestscience/37.5.1390.

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Abstract Five years of mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins, attacks on lodge-pole pine, Pinus contorta Dougl., were analyzed in an early outbreak situation using generalized linear models to shed light on patterns in the colonization process. The chosen logit model indicated three covariates as significant factors in the probability of trees being colonized by the mountain pine beetle. The first covariate related to tree size and spatial relationships among trees colonized the same year; its effect was most obvious for trees in the smaller diameter classes. The other two cova

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Rahayu, S., D. S. Utomo, V. E. Cahyanto, et al. "Monitoring of Ganoderma spp. on the trees at Arboretum of Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia: Implications for health care recommendation of old trees." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 918, no. 1 (2021): 012044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/918/1/012044.

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Abstract The arboretum of Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM), Yogyakarta, established in 1963, is host to various plants and trees originating from across Indonesia. Due to poor management and climate change, several cases of tree death and decline related to the Ganoderma sp. attack have been reported since 2015. The aims of this research were to evaluate the occurrence of root rot disease and to monitor the spatial and temporal distribution of Ganoderma spp. Completely survey on 638 trees with DBH more than 10 cm, monitored the number of basidiocarps attached on each infected species tree, and as

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Sullivan, Thomas P., William T. Jackson, James Pojar, and Allen Banner. "Impact of feeding damage by the porcupine on western hemlock – Sitka spruce forests of north-coastal British Columbia." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 16, no. 3 (1986): 642–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x86-110.

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This study measured the incidence of feeding damage by porcupines (Erethizondorsatum Allen) within the second-growth western hemlock (Tsugaheterophylla Raf. (Sarg.)) – Sitka spruce (Piceasitchensis (Bong.) Carr.) forest of Khutzeymateen Inlet, 45 km northeast of Prince Rupert, British Columbia. Tree mensuration and damage assessments were conducted in 69 sample plots located on four transects. Western hemlock, which composed 67% of sampled stands, was the most severely (52.7% of trees, of which 5.1% were newly attacked) damaged species followed by Sitka spruce with minor (7.8%) damage. The les

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Reighard, Gregory, Bruce Wood, Thomas Beckman, Michael Parker, and Gerard Krewer. "671 Impact of Southeastern Hurricanes on Peach and Pecan Orchards." HortScience 34, no. 3 (1999): 564A—564. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.34.3.564a.

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Southeastern peach and pecan orchards weathered hurricanes in the 1980s and 1990s that left long-term effects on tree health and productivity. Pecan trees were affected the most, due to being blown down from strong winds and wet soils or suffering considerable damage to branches and immature nuts resulting in massive nut drops. Premature nut drop triggered or enhanced alternate bearing problems. Cultivar differences were evident in the ability of trees to withstand wind damage, with open-canopy trees being most resistant, but essentially all trees were damaged when they exceeded ≈17m in height

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Dunn, James P., and Daniel A. Potter. "EVIDENCE FOR SEXUAL ATTRACTION BY THE TWOLINED CHESTNUT BORER, AGRILUS BILINEATUS (WEBER) (COLEOPTERA: BUPRESTIDAE)." Canadian Entomologist 120, no. 11 (1988): 1037–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent1201037-11.

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In the eastern deciduous forests of North America, oaks (Quercus spp.) that have been weakened by stress are often attacked and killed by the twolined chestnut borer, Agrilus bilineatus (Weber) (Dunn et al. 1986a). This borer attacks stressed and dying trees but does not attack healthy or dead trees (Haack and Benjamin 1982; Dunn et al. 1986a, 1987).

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Ollo, SIB, SORO Senan, and TRA BI Crolaud Sylvain. "Attacks and damage of termites (Insecta: Isoptera) in different cocoa agroforestry systems (Nawa, Côte d’Ivoire)." Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences 44.1 (April 30, 2020): 7567–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.35759/janmplsci.v44-1.3.

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To maintain its status of leading producer of cocoa in the world, Côte d'Ivoire must be contain the different types of threats, including the emergence of termites in cocoa farms. This study was conducted in the south-west of the country to evaluate the effect of cropping systems (full sun system, intermediate system and shaded system) on termite attacks. The study was conducted in four localities with different cocoa agroforestry systems. The sampling was made on cocoa trees in quadrats of 30mx30m and the attack rate was calculated. Eleven (11) termite species were identified. The wood-feeder

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Gall, Rolf, Franz Meier, Adrian L. Meier, and Beat Forster. "Regionale Verteilungsmuster des Buchdrucker-Stehendbefalls (Ips typographus L.) nach Sturmschäden im Kanton Bern | Regional distribution of standing tree infestation by bark beetle (Ips typographus) following storm damage in Canton Berne, Switzerland." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 154, no. 11 (2003): 442–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2003.0442.

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Using an extensive dataset from the Canton Berne spatial patterns were analysed of the first Ips typographus-infestations of standing trees after the storm Lothar on December 1999. Our results suggest that these first infestations were not caused by bark beetles indiscriminately spreading out of windthrow areas. Rather, we found relationships between levels of attacked standing trees and cleaned, scattered windthrown trees. We therefore conclude that our results point to reduced host tree resistance as a key factor.

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