To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Attention based models.
Books on the topic 'Attention based models'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 books for your research on the topic 'Attention based models.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse books on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Sokol'skaya, Elena, and Boris Kochurov. Geoecology of the city: models of environmental quality. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1205961.
Full textAbstract:
The monograph examines the features of studying the geoecological state of urbanized territories, reveals the use of integrated assessment and mapping in urban diagnostics, and finds a solution to geoecological problems on the example of world cities that are leading in the rating for quality of life.
 The components of an information and analytical model of the urban environment for assessing the geoecological situation are described; an algorithm for a comprehensive study of the geoecological state aimed at an adequate assessment of the quality of the urban environment. Special attention is paid to the methodology of geoecological assessment of the quality of the urban environment based on multifactor modeling, which allows making recommendations for improving the comfort of living of the population.
 It is intended for a wide range of specialists in the field of geoecology of the city, and can also be used as a textbook for students of environmental, natural-geographical, engineering specialties.
2
Odincov, Boris. Models and intelligent systems. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1060845.
Full textAbstract:
The monograph consists of three chapters, the first of which outlines the theoretical foundations of intelligent information systems. Special attention is paid to the disclosure of the term "model" as the intended meaning depends on the understanding of the material. Introduces and examines the new concepts such as the associative and intuitive knowledge while in the creation of intellectual information systems are not used. 
 The second Chapter contains the analysis of problems of development of artificial intelligence (AI), developed in two directions: classical and statistical. Discusses difficulties in the development of the classical approach, associated with identifying the meaning of words, phrases, text, and formulating thoughts. The analysis of problems arising in the play of imagination and insight, machine understanding of natural language texts, play, verbalization and reflection. 
 The third Chapter contains examples of the development of intelligent information systems and technologies in practice of management of economic objects. Theoretical bases of construction of information robots designed to support the task hierarchy of the knowledge base and generating control regulations. The technology of their creation and application in the management of the business efficiency of enterprise business processes and its investment activities. 
 Focused on researchers and developers, AI and intelligent information systems, as well as graduate students and faculty in related academic disciplines.
3
Babeshko, Lyudmila, and Irina Orlova. Econometrics and econometric modeling in Excel and R. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1079837.
Full textAbstract:
The textbook includes topics of modern econometrics, often used in economic research. Some aspects of multiple regression models related to the problem of multicollinearity and models with a discrete dependent variable are considered, including methods for their estimation, analysis, and application. A significant place is given to the analysis of models of one-dimensional and multidimensional time series. Modern ideas about the deterministic and stochastic nature of the trend are considered. Methods of statistical identification of the trend type are studied. Attention is paid to the evaluation, analysis, and practical implementation of Box — Jenkins stationary time series models, as well as multidimensional time series models: vector autoregressive models and vector error correction models. It includes basic econometric models for panel data that have been widely used in recent decades, as well as formal tests for selecting models based on their hierarchical structure. Each section provides examples of evaluating, analyzing, and testing models in the R software environment. Meets the requirements of the Federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
 
 It is addressed to master's students studying in the Field of Economics, the curriculum of which includes the disciplines Econometrics (advanced course)", "Econometric modeling", "Econometric research", and graduate students."
4
Gruzdeva, Viktoriya, Georgiy Gruzdev, Yuliya Klyueva, and Vlada Konova. Development of the service sector based on a customer-oriented approach. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1977989.
Full textAbstract:
In the monograph, the use of the civilizational paradigm of the analysis of economic processes and phenomena allows us to consider the specifics of the functioning of the hospitality industry in the conditions of the formation of the information economy. The features of the client-oriented approach in its institutional and dynamic dimensions are revealed. Special attention is paid to inclusive technologies in the field of hospitality.
 The result of the analysis of the features of the formation of the institutional model of the hotel business in the Nizhny Novgorod region is presented. On the basis of a systematic approach, the entire process of functioning of a hospitality enterprise is considered from the standpoint of structural and functional dynamics. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the formation of the corporate culture of hotel and restaurant complexes in modern conditions.
 It is intended for researchers, teachers, students studying in the areas of higher education 43.03.01 "Service", 43.03.02 "Tourism" and 43.03.03 "Hotel business", as well as for anyone interested in the problems of the development of the service sector in the conditions of the formation of information and cybernetic civilization.
5
Tarakanov, Andrey, A. Sumin, and A. Hvostov. Mathematical problems of decision-making in dynamic organizational systems. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1871445.
Full textAbstract:
The monograph develops the theory of decision-making in dynamic organizational systems with a complex structure in conditions of conflict and uncertainty. An overview of the current state of the theory is given. The systems are studied: hierarchical, coalition and coalition-hierarchical (hybrid). The main attention in the process of constructing mathematical models of systems is paid to the description of ways of information interaction of decision makers. At the same time, the variants of their unfavorable (conflict) and benevolent "attitude" to each other are taken into account. Two approaches to decision-making based on the principle of guaranteed results and approaches of game theory are proposed. Exactly: 1) making decisions from the point of view of a dedicated participant in the system based on penalty functions and obtaining the necessary optimality conditions; 2) making decisions based on special optimality principles constructed using the principles of Nash, Pareto, Joffrion, Stackelberg, Slater, threats — counter-threats and obtaining sufficient optimality conditions. Some theoretical results are illustrated by model examples.
 For researchers, postgraduates and students dealing with theoretical and practical issues of decision-making in complex systems.
6
Astaf'eva, Ol'ga, Natal'ya Moiseenko, Aleksandr Kozlovskiy, Tat'yana Shemyakina, and Viktor Serov. Risk management in construction. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1842952.
Full textAbstract:
The monograph is devoted to the issues of risk management in the organizations of the investment and construction complex. The issues of risk classification are consistently considered, approaches to determining the types and types of risks are established. Attention is paid to approaches to the construction of a risk management mechanism and the specifics of the impact on the identified risks in terms of minimizing possible damage. The issues of state regulation are highlighted, a complex economic problem related to the study of the effectiveness of the chosen strategy of real investment projects based on the use of various methods and models of risk analysis is considered. Modern educational and methodological materials tested in the practice of enterprises and organizations of the construction complex of Moscow and the Moscow region were used.
 For a wide range of readers interested in the issues of risk management in construction. It will be useful for students, postgraduates and teachers of economic universities.
7
Vavrenyuk, Aleksandr, Viktor Makarov, and Stanislav Kutepov. Operating systems. UNIX bases. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/11186.
Full textAbstract:
In the manual basics command interfey-are covered
 са operating systems of UNIX family. Much attention is paid
 to practical use of teams of system and opportunities of language
 programming, shell provided by a cover. In a grant vklyu-
 Chena also some sections devoted to bases administrirova-
 niya and to network means of OS. At the end of each section there are questions
 for self-checking, the appendix contains a large number at -
 mayors of writing of shell-procedures.
 The manual is addressed to the students studying the modern
 information technologies according to programs of a bachelor degree, and also all,
 who wants to master the OS command interface of family independently
 UNIX in the shortest possible time.
 The edition can also be used as the short reference book on wasps -
 new UNIX OS.
8
Rubtsov, Nickolai, Mikhail Alymov, Alexander Kalinin, Alexey Vinogradov, Alexey Rodionov, and Kirill Troshin. Remote studies of combustion and explosion processes based on optoelectronic methods. AUS PUBLISHERS, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26526/monography_62876066a124d8.04785158.
Full textAbstract:
The main objective of this book is to acquaint the reader with the main modern problems of
 the multisensor data analysis and opportunities of the hyperspectral shooting being carried out in the
 wide range of wavelengths from ultraviolet to the infrared range, visualization of the fast combustion
 processes of flame propagation and flame acceleration, the limit phenomena at flame ignition and
 propagation. The book can be useful to students of the high courses and scientists dealing with problems
 of optical spectroscopy, vizualisation, digital recognizing images and gaseous combustion.
 The main goal of this book is to bring to the attention of the reader the main modern
 problems of multisensory data analysis and the possibilities of hyperspectral imaging, carried out
 in a broad wave-length range from ultraviolet to infrared by methods of visualizing fast combustion
 processes, propagation and flames acceleration, and limiting phenomena during ignition and flame
 propagation. The book can be useful for students of higher courses and experimental scientists dealing
 with problems of optical spectroscopy, visualization, pattern recognition and gas combustion.
9
Astrahancevaa, Irina, Sergey Bobkov, Vadim Mizonov, and Sergey Boykov. Modeling of systems. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1831624.
Full textAbstract:
The textbook discusses general issues of system modeling, analytical, empirical and simulation approaches to modeling. Typical mathematical schemes used in the analytical approach, methods and tools of simulation modeling of systems are given. Attention is also paid to network and agent-based alternative approaches to modeling.
 Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
 It is intended for undergraduate students studying in the direction of 09.03.02 "Information systems and technologies", whose working curricula include the discipline "Systems Modeling". It is assumed that the training plans also include training courses "Discrete Mathematics", "Mathematical logic and theory of algorithms", "System analysis". The manual will also be useful for master's degree students studying in the direction 09.04.02 "Information systems and technologies" (discipline "Models of information processes and systems").
10
Naumov, Vladimir. Consumer behavior. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1014653.
Full textAbstract:
The book describes the basic issues concerning consumer behavior on the basis of the simulation of the decision-making process on buying behavior of customers in the sales area of the store and shopping Internet sites. 
 The classification of models of consumer behavior, based on research in the area of economic, social and psychological theories and empirical evidence regarding decision-making by consumers when purchasing the goods, including online stores. Methods of qualitative and quantitative research of consumer behavior, fundamentals of statistical processing of empirical data. 
 Attention is paid to the processes of consumers ' perception of brands (brands) and advertising messages, the basic rules for the display of goods (merchandising) and its impact on consumer decision, recommendations on the use of psychology of consumer behavior in personal sales.
 Presents an integrated model of consumer behavior in the Internet environment, the process of perception of the visitor of the company, the factors influencing consumer choice of goods online. 
 Is intended for preparation of bachelors in directions of preparation 38.03.02 "Management", 38.03.06 "trading business" and can be used for training of bachelors in direction of training 43.03.01 "Service", and will also be useful for professionals working in the field of marketing, distribution and sales.
11
Kuznecov, Andrey, and Nikolay Zaharov. Managing the social development of an organization. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2025. https://doi.org/10.12737/2108576.
Full textAbstract:
The textbook provides a systematic understanding of the ways, forms and methods of managing the social development of organizations. Special attention is paid to the problem of forming and implementing social strategies of enterprises, institutions, and communities in a transformational economy. The theoretical analysis of domestic and foreign experience allowed the authors to make recommendations on a wide range of social management problems, the solution of which requires taking into account the social responsibility of business, the level of social development of each organization, as well as motivational models based on social factors of production. Meets the requirements of the latest generation of federal state educational standards for higher education. For students in the field of Management, as well as scientists, graduate students, students involved in social management, heads of organizations and specialists in the field of social development planning.
12
Vlasov, Dmitriy. Econometrics. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2025. https://doi.org/10.12737/2145221.
Full textAbstract:
The textbook presents basic theoretical principles, techniques and methods that are in demand in the practice of empirical analysis of socio-economic situations and forecasting trends in their development. Specific examples are given that reveal the research capabilities of basic-level econometrics and the directions of using the new Wolfram|Alpha tool in applied research based on econometric modeling. Considerable attention is paid to the mathematical apparatus, the peculiarities of socio-economic situations, meaningful interpretations and the possibilities of applying new results obtained through econometric methods and models in decision-making practice. Meets the requirements of the latest generation of federal state educational standards for higher education. It is intended for students studying in the fields of "Management" ("Project Management", "Business Innovation", "Management of high-tech technologies", "Organization Management", etc.), "State and Municipal Management" ("Digital State and Economy", "Economics and Management", "Urban Management", "International Project Management", etc.) and students of econometric methods and models in the framework of a separate discipline "Econometrics", as well as in other disciplines related to the quantitative analysis of socio-economic situations: "Econometrics and modeling in management", "Mathematical tools in economic research", "Practical training on quantitative methods" and others.
13
Ul'yanina, Ol'ga, Ol'ga Yurchuk, Anna Ermolaeva, et al. Psychological and pedagogical support for students of pedagogical universities. Risks of maladaptation and the resource of psychological service. Publishing Center RIOR, 2025. https://doi.org/10.29039/02163-7.
Full textAbstract:
The monograph presents the results of the study of the current state of psychological support for students of pedagogical universities. Based on the analysis of scientific papers, various approaches to the study of the phenomenon of "maladaptation" among student youth are considered, risk factors and indicators of the development of maladaptive and other vulnerable psychological states of students are identified, and categories of students who need special attention from the psychological service of an educational organization of higher education due to the high risk of vulnerability (development) of maladaptation are described. The monograph presents the results of monitoring the organization of psychological support of an educational organization of higher education under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation, conducted in 2023. Based on theoretical and empirical data, a technology for identifying risk groups among students in higher education programs is proposed, and variable models of psychological service in a pedagogical university are proposed. The monograph is addressed to representatives of the administration of educational organizations of higher education, employees of psychological services, students in pedagogical and psychological areas of training, and will also be of interest to a wide range of readers.
14
Lihtarova, Ol'ga, T. Stepanova, E. Nikiforova, and N. Mihalenok. Theoretical and methodological foundations of the development of an economic entity based on the stakeholder approach. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1098270.
Full textAbstract:
The monograph examines the theoretical and methodological foundations of the development of an economic entity based on meeting the requirements of stakeholders (stakeholders), taking into account the fact that they are able to exert a significant influence on the organization in question from the point of view of socio-economic relations or, on the contrary, be influenced by the organization in question.
 The main attention is paid to the solution of the following research tasks: identification of the conceptual foundations of the formation of the system of development of an economic entity based on the stakeholder approach; theoretical and methodological foundations of the development of an economic entity based on the stakeholder approach; development of a methodological paradigm (model) of analysis and evaluation of the development of an economic entity based on the stakeholder approach; improvement of criteria for analysis and evaluation of sustainable development of an economic entity based on based on the requirements of stakeholders.
 For students, postgraduates and teachers of economic universities and faculties, as well as a wide range of readers interested in economic development issues.
15
Erofeeva, Mariya, and Ol'ga Mironenkova. The system of training police officers to work with teenagers in temporary detention centers for juvenile offenders. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2025. https://doi.org/10.12737/2169736.
Full textAbstract:
The monograph is devoted to the development and improvement of the system of training police officers to work with teenagers in temporary detention centers. The relevance of the study is determined by the need to increase the effectiveness of prevention and correction of deviant behavior of minors in the context of rising juvenile delinquency and social changes. The theoretical and methodological foundations of police training based on systematic, personal-activity and competence approaches are presented. Special attention is paid to the formation of professionally significant qualities such as emotional stability, empathy, communication skills and the ability to resolve conflict situations. The practical significance of the work lies in the development of recommendations for improving the professional competence of police officers, which helps to reduce recidivism among minors. The methods and models of personnel training proposed by the author can be used in educational institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and in the practice of temporary detention centers. It will be useful for educators, psychologists, legal experts and police officers working with teenagers, as well as researchers involved in the development of educational programs and technologies for the prevention of juvenile delinquency.
16
Ksenofontov, Boris. Technological bases of wastewater sludge treatment using combined equipment and technologies. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2137625.
Full textAbstract:
For the first time in world practice, the monograph examines the issues of intensification of flotation processes of compaction of excess activated sludge through the use of several working fluids. In this regard, the methods of flotation developed by the author with two and three working fluids are described in detail, of which one is a working fluid with a difficult—to-dissolve gas (air), and the others with easily soluble gases, for example, carbon dioxide and biogas. At the same time, the interpretation of the new effect is based on a multistage flotation model developed by the author. This method was developed, tested and used by the author for the first time in domestic practice at biotechnological enterprises. The implementation of this method is also presented in the form of water flow combines using two and three working fluids saturated with gases with different solubility in water. Much attention is paid to the use of combined equipment and technologies for the dewatering of sewage sludge, including excess activated sludge, as well as their possible disposal. The experience of treatment and utilization of sewage sludge for technical purposes, for example, for the production of building materials, as well as as an organomineral fertilizer, is considered. For a wide range of readers, including researchers, university professors, bachelors, masters, postgraduates, as well as for anyone interested in wastewater treatment and waste treatment.
17
Prokof'ev, Stanislav, Ekaterina Kameneva, Svetlana Solyannikova, et al. Ecosystem of universities: transformation of the Russian education system. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1901313.
Full textAbstract:
The relevance of the monograph is determined by changes in the surrounding reality, the development of the digital economy, which actively influences the formation and development of ecosystems of business, banking, public services, etc.; the need to determine the main trends in the development of the modern ecosystem of universities for the formation of in-demand graduates able to work in the special conditions of modern development of Russia, which determines the formation of a new educational environment, based on the challenges facing our country. All this will contribute to a deeper and more comprehensive study of the structure of the university ecosystem, understanding its features due to the realities of the digital space.
 An overview of the features of the factors affecting the field of education, including the ecosystems already existing today in various spheres of the Russian economy, is presented. Proposals are made for the formation of a competence-based approach in the university environment in modern conditions. The main elements of the university ecosystem as a new model of the educational environment are considered. Special attention is paid to the development of the university ecosystem of personnel partnership and continuing education. The author's approaches to assessing the quality of education are proposed. The legislation is given as of July 1 , 2022 .
 It may be of interest to heads of the education system, teachers of higher educational institutions, teachers, employees of organizations of additional professional education, graduate students, undergraduates and students of pedagogical and psychological educational institutions.
18
Litvinyuk, Aleksandr, Liliya Babynina, Larisa Kartashova, et al. Modern technologies of personnel management. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1863127.
Full textAbstract:
The textbook outlines issues related to the peculiarities of using digital products in the organization's personnel management system, much attention is paid to the formation of an HR brand and regulation of labor behavior of employees based on the use of technologies based on the basic provisions of the theory of the motivational complex of labor activity.
 The content of the textbook meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
 The discipline "Modern technologies of personnel management" is included in the training complex "Personnel Management" and forms professional competencies for the practical application of modern technologies used in the framework of HR management.
 For students of higher educational institutions studying in the field of training "Personnel Management". It can be used by students of other specialties and directions, as well as graduate students and practitioners studying the problems of personnel management in modern organizations.
19
Eliseeva, Evgeniya, Ol'ga Shipkova, Aleksandra Kuz'mina, and Lazar' Badalov. Financial strategies and instruments. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2025. https://doi.org/10.12737/2125939.
Full textAbstract:
The textbook introduces readers to the fundamental theoretical concepts of financial strategizing and modeling, and provides an insight into modern approaches, tools, and technologies of financial analysis. Special attention is paid to the transformation of the financial management system based on digital technologies. The combination of theory and practical examples serves as the basis for a deeper understanding of the content of the discipline. At the end of each chapter, literature is offered for additional study and a workshop containing questions for self-control and practice-oriented tasks that allow you to consolidate and verify your knowledge. The appendix contains a case study that covers the practical component of the entire theoretical material and allows you to apply the tools considered using a practical example. Meets the requirements of the latest generation of federal educational standards for higher education. For students of the 38.03.01 Economics course, faculty and researchers conducting research in the field of financial strategizing based on modern approaches and technologies, as well as anyone interested in modern financial analysis.
20
Makarova, Svetlana, and Semen Reznik. Gender management in figures, tables, definitions. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2025. https://doi.org/10.12737/2186351.
Full textAbstract:
The textbook examines modern problems of Russian management from the perspective of a gender-based approach to management. Special attention is paid to the style and methods of leadership, career advancement, participation in government and business activities, and increasing the competitiveness of female managers in the managerial labor market. Meets the requirements of the latest generation of federal state educational standards for higher education. For students studying in the fields of "Management", "Personnel Management", "State and Municipal Management", as well as for anyone interested in gender issues of Russian management development.
21
Sazhina, Muza. Management of economic crises: problems of theory and practice. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1111365.
Full textAbstract:
The monograph reveals the possibility and necessity of managing economic crises based on the analysis of the crisis as a form of movement of market processes. The article shows the virtualization of modern Finance, its separation from real production, its transformation into a self-sufficient element of the economy, the emergence of special financial crises in the global world and their negative impact on the real economy. Materials of modern financial and economic crises in different countries of the world economy are used. Special attention is paid to the specifics of crisis processes in Russia and the formation of their management practices.
 
 It is intended for students and postgraduates of the faculty of public administration of the Lomonosov Moscow state University, as well as anyone interested in the problems of managing modern economic crises.
22
Hmara, Ivan, and Viktor Strel'nikov. Environmental epidemiology and risk assessment. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1019063.
Full textAbstract:
The material presented in the textbook is based on modern ideas about environmental epidemiology as an interdisciplinary field of knowledge, the purpose of which is a multi — level study of the "environment-human health"system. Special attention is paid to the issues of risk assessment as an integral part of ecoepidemiological research. It corresponds to the program of the discipline "Environmental Epidemiology", approved by the Scientific and Methodological Council for Environmental Education of UMO Universities. For students in the field of training 05.03.06 "Ecology and nature management", as well as related biological, environmental and medical areas and specialists of the relevant work profiles.
23
Karminskiy, Aleksandr, Sergey Fal'ko, Nadezhda Ivanova, and Aleksandr Zhevaga. Controlling. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1894388.
Full textAbstract:
The textbook discusses the methodological and practical foundations of the development and implementation of a controlling system in organizations. The main functions and tasks of operational and strategic controlling are outlined. The functions, tasks and tools of controlling the functional areas of the enterprise are revealed. Special attention is paid to the information support of controlling.
 Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
 For students, teachers and postgraduates of economic universities and faculties, as well as for businessmen seeking to build effective management systems based on modern management methods.
24
Kel'chevskaya, Natal'ya, Irina Pelymskaya, and Il'ya Chernenko. Theory and practice of integrated planning. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1921381.
Full textAbstract:
The textbook examines the current state of the theory and methodology of planning in conditions of high uncertainty of the external environment. Much attention is paid to the issues of tactical and operational resource planning of companies based on ERP systems of the modern generation. Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. For students of economic specialties of higher educational institutions studying in the fields of 38.03.01 "Economics", 38.03.02 "Management" and 38.04.01 "Economics", as well as a wide range of readers interested in practical and theoretical problems of strategic and operational planning, analysis and forecasting.
25
Efremov, Yurniy, Andrey Ostapenko, and Oksana Krickaya. Lagonak highlands. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2025. https://doi.org/10.12737/2164856.
Full textAbstract:
Based on the synthesis of materials from numerous studies of natural conditions, represented by relief, geological structures, modern geomorphological processes, and individual climate elements, the monograph reveals patterns of their distribution and dynamics. The specificity of the abiotic elements of the Lagonak highlands, which distinguish them from other mountainous regions of the Western Caucasus, is shown. The features of nival, nival-glacial and karst processes affecting the development of mountain landscapes are considered. Attention is focused on the unique features of the natural landscapes of the Lagonak highlands. It is addressed to researchers, graduate students, geographers, hydrologists, biologists, and can be used by students in the educational process.
26
Savchenko, Irina, Yuliya Kozlova, and Anna Saharova. Koordinaty sovremennoy urbanistiki: obraz gryadushchego. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2025. https://doi.org/10.12737/2188346.
Full textAbstract:
The monograph, based on the materials of the international scientific conference "Coordinates of Modern Urbanism: new knowledge and the image of the future", is devoted to an interdisciplinary approach in urban research, which is aimed at understanding and solving current problems of urbanism in the context of historical, cultural, urban planning and economic changes. The paper examines the concept of the city of the future as a dynamic system in which epistemological and communication aspects intersect. Special attention is paid to the introduction of innovative methods of cognition of urban civilization and forecasting its development, including epistemological prognostic technologies based on cognitive clusters. The article analyzes how the experience of past urban projects helps to form ideas about possible scenarios of urban evolution, while exploring the limits of predictability and the openness of new opportunities for cities as laboratories of the future. For a wide range of readers.
27
Savchenko, Irina, Yuliya Kozlova, and Anna Saharova. Koordinaty sovremennoy urbanistiki: novoe znanie. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2025. https://doi.org/10.12737/2188312.
Full textAbstract:
The monograph, based on the materials of the international scientific conference "Coordinates of Modern Urbanism: new knowledge and the image of the future", is devoted to an interdisciplinary approach in urban research, which is aimed at understanding and solving current problems of urbanism in the context of historical, cultural, urban planning and economic changes. The paper examines the concept of the city of the future as a dynamic system in which epistemological and communication aspects intersect. Special attention is paid to the introduction of innovative methods of cognition of urban civilization and forecasting its development, including epistemological prognostic technologies based on cognitive clusters. The article analyzes how the experience of past urban projects helps to form ideas about possible scenarios of urban evolution, while exploring the limits of predictability and the openness of new opportunities for cities as laboratories of the future. For a wide range of readers.
28
Bavaeva, Ol'ga. Metaphorical parallels of the neutral nomination "man" in modern English. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1858259.
Full textAbstract:
The monograph is devoted to a multidimensional analysis of metaphor in modern English as a parallel nomination that exists along with a neutral equivalent denoting a person. The problem of determining the essence of metaphorical names and their role in the language has attracted the attention of many foreign and domestic linguists on the material of various languages, but until now the fact of the parallel existence of metaphors and neutral nominations has not been emphasized.
 The research is in line with modern problems of linguistics related to the relationship of language, thinking and reflection of the surrounding reality. All these problems are integrated and resolved within the framework of linguistic semantics, in particular in the semantics of metaphor. Multilevel study of language material based on semantic, component, etymological analysis methods contributed to a systematic and comprehensive description of this most important part of the lexical system of the English language.
 Metaphorical parallels are considered as the result of the interaction of three complexes, which allows us to identify their associative-figurative base, as well as the types of metaphorical parallels, depending on the nature of the connection between direct and figurative meaning. Based on the analysis of various human character traits and behavior that evoke associations with animals, birds, objects, zoomorphic, artifact, somatic, floral and anthropomorphic metaphorical parallels of the neutral nomination "man" are distinguished. The social aspect of metaphorical parallels is also investigated as a reflection of gender, status and age characteristics of a person.
 It can be used in the training of philologists and translators when reading theoretical courses on lexicology, stylistics, word formation of the English language, as well as in practical classes, in lexicographic practice.
29
Kanke, Viktor. History of Philosophy. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/929952.
Full textAbstract:
The textbook is a sequential course in the history of philosophy. The history of philosophical innovations from antiquity to the present day is considered. The content of the philosophy of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, the Renaissance, Modern times, and the XIX century is presented. Special attention is paid to the main philosophical trends of the twentieth century, as well as Russian philosophy, including the Soviet period. The course is based on the achievements of modern science, as well as analytical philosophy, phenomenology, hermeneutics, poststructuralism and other major philosophical trends of our time. The theory of conceptual transduction is used. It is intended for bachelors studying in the enlarged group of training areas 47.00.00 "Philosophy, Ethics and Religious Studies" and other training areas. It is of considerable interest to a wide range of readers interested in the development of philosophical knowledge.
30
Serikov, Sergey. Impact on impact strength. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2161513.
Full textAbstract:
The main purpose of the monograph is to identify the main patterns in assessing the operational reliability of metals on the basis of a mathematical model of unsteady deformation of an isotropic viscoplastic medium, with specified boundary, initial conditions and energy criterion of destruction. A physically based computational and experimental method for metal identification is formulated. Practical examples of the efficiency of the method for a wide class of materials are given: structural steels, titanium, aluminum and copper alloys. The assessment of the operational reliability of metals is based on a comparison of matrices containing seven parameters: tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, coefficient of dynamic viscosity, specific energy of fracture, rate of deformation, temperature. The book also pays a lot of attention to experimental data on the classical value of impact strength. It is shown that it actually reflects the properties of the material in the range of elastic-brittle state, but not in the scheme of a viscoplastic medium. It is intended for scientific and engineering workers, students involved in metal science and fracture mechanics.
31
Krivoyekov, Syergyey, and Roman Ayzman. Psychophysiology. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/10884.
Full textAbstract:
Psychophysiology — the science studying interrelation of mentality of the person and physiological processes. Fundamental knowledge of work of a brain, first of all, of nervous regulation of functions of an organism, the general and specific features of the highest falls within the scope of its interests
 nervous activity, the defining character and behavior of the person,
 psychophysiological mechanisms of regulation of functional states.
 In the book neurophysiological bases of coding and information processing in nervous system, neural mechanisms of feelings, perceptions, memories, training, motivations and emotions, thinking and the speech, attention, consciousness, behavior, mental activity are stated. Separate
 the section is devoted to physiological bases of mental changes at various functional, extreme and pathophysiological states (a stress, post-stressful frustration, addiktivny states, depressions, etc.) and to ways of their correction. Authors tried to pay special attention to disclosure of specifics of psychophysiology of the person,
 to difference of physiological mechanisms of regulation of mental functions of the person in comparison with model researches on animals.
 For simplification of work on discipline and the best digestion of material
 the textbook is supplied with the glossary.
 For students, undergraduates, graduate students and teachers of psychological and medical faculties of higher education institutions.
32
Komarova, Valentina, Svetlana Narutto, Yuliya Torop, et al. Constitutional judicial process. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2104323.
Full textAbstract:
In the textbook, from the standpoint of the current state of the science of constitutional law and taking into account the competence-based approach to mastering the knowledge of the discipline "Constitutional Judicial process", the material and procedural foundations of the constitutional judicial process at the federal level, in the subjects of the Russian Federation, special attention is paid to the experience of foreign countries and issues of interaction with international judicial bodies. Topical issues of the theory and practice of constitutional justice of modern Russia are highlighted. 
 For students and teachers of law and other educational institutions whose plans provide for the teaching of the constitutional judicial process; scientists and practitioners.
33
Ksenofontov, Boris, Gennadiy Pavlihin, and Elena Simakova. Industrial ecology. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1017514.
Full textAbstract:
The basic issues of industrial ecology standards environmental quality, pollution of air and water basins, as well as waste production and possible sources of noise, vibration and electromagnetic radiation.
 Provides information about the main methods and devices of protection of the environment from various contaminants, special attention is paid to those which are most commonly used in practice. The principles of developing environmentally friendly technologies and industries based on sustainable use of natural resources and conservation, as well as examples of creation of industrial facilities that have minimal impact on the environment. Much attention is paid to ecological expertise, which is one of the most important ways of identifying environmentally unsound technologies used in various industries.
 Meets the requirements of Federal state educational standards of higher education of the last generation.
 Is intended for preparation of bachelors in all areas of educational technology and technology in the study of professional discipline "life Safety" (module "environment Protection"), and can also be used by students of the faculty training of specialists in various industries.
34
Fedoscheva, Natal'ya. International law. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/987504.
Full textAbstract:
Based on current Russian legislation, international treaties, and scientific research, the textbook examines in detail the main concepts, categories, branches, and institutions of modern international law. The content of the manual covers the basic conceptual and terminological apparatus of international law and the main problems of its application and interpretation. Special attention is paid to the global problems of our time. Meets the requirements of the Federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. For students of educational institutions of higher education studying in the direction of training 40.03.01 "Jurisprudence", as well as for graduate students, students of the system of additional professional education, teachers and anyone interested in the development, improvement and implementation of international law.
35
Karminskiy, Aleksandr, Sergey Fal'ko, Valeriy Tihvinskiy, Nadezhda Ivanova, and Sof'ya Malikova. Controlling in an industrial enterprise. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1894389.
Full textAbstract:
The methodological and practical foundations of the development and implementation of a controlling system in organizations are considered. The main functions and tasks of operational and strategic controlling are outlined. The functions, tasks and tools of controlling the functional areas of the enterprise are revealed. Special attention is paid to the information support of controlling. The experience of setting up a controlling system at domestic enterprises of various sectors of the national economy is presented for the first time.
 Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
 For students, teachers and postgraduates of economic universities and faculties, as well as for businessmen seeking to build effective management systems based on modern management methods.
36
Maksyutov, Malik. Numerical methods and work in parallelism. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2025. https://doi.org/10.12737/2163327.
Full textAbstract:
The textbook outlines the basics of applying difference methods and computational linear algebra methods in the numerical methods course, which the author has been developing for a number of years at the National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering. The material focuses on students learning methods and practical skills that are widely used in research and industry organizations. The main attention is paid to methods of programming computational tasks using high-performance compilers and mathematical libraries. The mechanism of parallelization of computations based on OpenMP directives in modern C++ programming language standards, as well as in the C++ SYCL standard for heterogeneous computing environments, is considered. For students studying in the specialty "Applied Mathematics and Computer Science". It will also be useful for researchers and engineers.
37
Hvostova, Irina, Aleksey Makarov, and Aleksandr Larin. Non-financial factors in the formation of the company's financial policy: composition, structure, relationships. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1080130.
Full textAbstract:
When implementing the financial policy of the Corporation, the object of attention of owners and managers is increasingly becoming non-financial indicators of the development of modern companies, such as corporate governance characteristics, socio-economic and environmental indicators. Without denying the need to calculate and analyze financial and economic criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of financial policy, the authors of the monograph describe and systematize the composition and structure of non-financial factors of financial policy, based on the theory of Agency relations and the concept of sustainable development. Along with the theoretical analysis of non-financial factors of financial policy formation, the monograph presents the results of their empirical analysis for emerging markets, as well as an empirical analysis of trends in the use of non-financial indicators in modern corporate Finance research. It is intended for a wide range of readers, including researchers, practitioners, postgraduates, applicants and students studying in the fields of "Economics", "Management".
38
Boland, Lawrence A. Equilibrium models vs. complexity economics. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190274320.003.0013.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter will critically examine the non-equilibrium-based complexity theory approach to model building. Complexity theory replaces equilibrium-based models with algorithm-based models. Attention will be paid to the work of W. Brian Arthur and the other researchers at the Santa Fe Institute, with a particular assessment of their approach to including knowledge and learning recognition in their alternative to equilibrium models. Topics discussed include complexity economics, technology, increasing returns, diversity, learning, path dependency and evolution. Particular attention is given to the Santa Fe Institutes use of inductive learning to characterize how a market participant acts in the face of incomplete and uncertain information.
39
Pearson, Ronald K. Discrete-time Dynamic Models. Oxford University Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195121988.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Fueled by advances in computer technology, model-based approaches to the control of industrial processes are now widespread. While there is an enormous literature on modeling, the difficult first step of selecting an appropriate model structure has received almost no attention. This book fills the gap, providing practical insight into model selection for chemical processes and emphasizing structures suitable for control system design.
40
Boland, Lawrence A. Equilibrium Models in Economics. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190274320.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Equilibrium models used in beginning economics classes are based on the equilibrium concept developed by Alfred Marshall, but that concept of an equilibrium does not correspond to the equilibrium concept recognized in modern formal mathematical models taught to graduate students. In both cases, the assumptions needed to produce explanations of economic events are open to question. The assumptions needed to prove the existence of an equilibrium in formal mathematical models are often questioned not only by older model builders but also by today’s formal model builders. This book critically examines both model building cultures by examining the major problematic assumptions employed building equilibrium models with particular attention to the assumptions used to characterize learning, knowledge, and expectations. These assumptions are recognized as essential in any equilibrium model that claims to address the dynamics of decision making. These assumptions are also the object of the critiques provided by those developing evolutionary models and by those promoting the development of complexity economics. Attention is also given to the inadequacies of what is taught to beginning students when it comes to the question of whether equilibrium models can provide a realistic explanation of economic events and objects such as prices, market demands, and market supplies.
41
Mitchinson, Ben. Attention and orienting. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199674923.003.0027.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter describes the close relationship between the mental faculty of attention and the physical faculty of orienting, and the importance of this relationship to the construction of artificial biomimetic systems. It reviews the importance of physical orienting to natural motor behavior, which places attention management at the core of all behaviors (“orienting is acting”), and the concomitant social role of physical orienting both in expressing and revealing the focus of a mind. The article highlights the efficiency of top-down and bottom-up processing for behavioral control, using map-based saliency processing as a model, and the suitability of map-based algorithms for parallel or bespoke computation. Given this, and the similar nature of the challenges faced by artificial and natural sensorimotor systems, it is argued that attention management may be a, if not the, key component of future artificial motor control systems.
42
Cavanagh, Patrick, Lorella Battelli, and Alex Holcombe. Dynamic Attention. Edited by Anna C. (Kia) Nobre and Sabine Kastner. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199675111.013.016.
Full textAbstract:
The authors review how attention helps track and process dynamic events, selecting and integrating information across time and space to produce a continuing identity for a moving, changing target. Rather than a fixed ‘spotlight’ that helps identify a static target, attention needs a mobile window or ‘pointer’ to track a moving target, picking up pieces of evidence along the way to determine not just what the target is, but what it is doing. Behavioural studies show that this dynamic version of attention is model-based, using familiar trajectories to help identify a target and to guide encoding of continuing input from its path. Attention has very coarse temporal resolution for both static and moving targets. However, when the focus of selection is on the move, a given location on a moving target’s path can be selected for extremely brief instants, as little as 50 ms, compared to the typical ‘dwell time’ or minimum duration of attention selection at a fixed location, of 200 ms or more. To determine the path of a moving object, attention must accurately process and sort the onsets and offsets in order to match an offset to the subsequent onset. This aspect of dynamic attention has been called the ‘when’ pathway and patient studies show that it is a qualitatively different system from spatial attention, being completely based in the right parietal lobe for events in both hemifields. Finally, like the salience map of spatial attention, temporal attention may have its own map that guides allocation to upcoming, current, and recent moments to select information at the appropriate time, changing the experience of time as it does so.
43
Appelbaum, Kenneth L., and Kevin R. Murphy. Attention deficit disorders. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199360574.003.0037.
Full textAbstract:
The diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in correctional settings is in itself problematic and quite contentious; treating the disorder more so. Community prevalence studies estimate that 2.5% to 4% of adults in the United States and worldwide meet diagnostic criteria for ADHD. Some research findings suggest that ADHD occurs at far greater prevalence rates among criminal justice populations than in the population at large. The nature of the condition, its assessment, and its management combine to create a perfect storm of potentially vexing challenges for the prison psychiatrist. This chapter reviews those diagnostic and treatment challenges, including the risk of diversion and misuse of controlled substances among inmates. An assessment and treatment model is presented that takes into account and minimizes risk while helping ensure access to care in appropriately selected cases. Some inmates have a compelling need for treatment, potentially including stimulant medications. Neither unbridled use nor complete elimination of stimulants makes good clinical or administrative sense for correctional systems. An approach that relies on current impairment in significant functional areas, meaningful involvement in treatment, and absence of active misuse of substances will allow access to medication for those with verifiable need while lessening the risks associated with prescription of controlled substances in jails and prisons. The issues of differential diagnosis in a population with epidemic substance abuse, the challenges of appropriate management, and an evidence-based treatment model are discussed in this chapter.
44
Schroeder, Charles E., Jose L. Herrero, and Saskia Haegens. Neuronal Dynamics and the Mechanistic Bases of Selective Attention. Edited by Anna C. (Kia) Nobre and Sabine Kastner. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199675111.013.031.
Full textAbstract:
Selective attention is a process by which the brain enhances its representation of task relevant, over irrelevant information. This ‘active control’ is essential to normal perception and cognition because it enables information processing to adapt to the immediate goals of the observer. This chapter places the focuses on recent conceptual/empirical developments in four areas that the authors think have significantly advanced the discussion and debate on the mechanistic underpinnings of selective attention: (1) the role of neuronal oscillations, (2) the distinctions between differing modes of dynamic operation, (3) potentially unique roles of specific oscillatory frequencies, (4) the neurochemistry of attention. The authors end by replacing attention within an ‘active sensing’ framework, and posing a set of prime questions for future study.
45
Evans, Steven W., Julie S. Owens, W. John Monopoli, and Kari Benson. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Edited by Thomas H. Ollendick, Susan W. White, and Bradley A. White. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190634841.013.14.
Full textAbstract:
Youth with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder experience impairment across multiple domains of functioning, with the characteristics changing with age. Thus, assessment and treatment must be appropriate for the home and school and relevant to the child’s developmental level. This chapter reviews effective assessment strategies for use with children and adolescents. Psychosocial treatments for children and adolescents are discussed separately, as the approaches with each group differ substantially. For children, strategies with a strong evidence base are described, and innovations and treatment modifications that have been examined recently are showcased. For adolescents, the results of the few randomized clinical trials conducted with this population are reviewed. A theoretical model for how to sequence treatments (i.e., intervention, medication, accommodations) for youth is referenced, and two case studies highlight this model, as well some of the new findings described in this chapter. Implications and recommendations for future research and practice are provided.
46
Chamberlain, Samuel R. Phenomenology and Epidemiology of Trichotillomania. Edited by Jon E. Grant and Marc N. Potenza. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195389715.013.0039.
Full textAbstract:
Trichotillomania is a psychiatric disorder characterized by recurrent hair pulling, leading to hair loss and functional impairment. This chapter reviews the phenomenology and epidemiology of trichotillomania, and considers its relationship with putative obsessive-compulsive spectrum conditions and other body-focused repetitive behaviors. Salient animal models of the disorder, along with findings in human patients using neuroimaging and cognitive probes, are summarized. A brain-based model of trichotillomania is formulated, focusing on affect dysregulation, addiction, and impulse dyscontrol. Finally, the chapter flags cardinal questions for the attention of future clinical and research scrutiny.
47
Davis, Jeff, and Kristen Damron. Stress and Stress Hormones. Edited by Rosemary L. Hopcroft. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190299323.013.26.
Full textAbstract:
During the past four decades, numerous reviews have been published on biological responses to stressful social environments. Reviews targeted for audiences in the social sciences emphasized biological outcomes while skipping over explanations of biological mechanisms. This chapter focuses on the details of the hormonal processes that “report” the state of the environment to the nervous system and regulate cognitive and motor responses to stressful social stimuli. Steroid hormones receive most attention. The chapter concludes with an outline of a sociological model of social action based on current knowledge of hormone actions. It shares some of the basic ideas of previous models such as affect control theory. However, the model proposes a broader role of stress hormones in human social behavior.
48
Butyrskiy, Evgeniy, and Alexandr Matveev. Mathematical modeling of systems and processes. Strategy of the Future, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37468/book_011222.
Full textAbstract:
The monograph considers the fundamentals of systems theory and mathematical modeling using the principles of the systems approach. In the monograph, much attention is paid to set-theoretic, dynamic, as well as aggregative and combined models. Based on the group-theoretical approach, a generalization of the theory of signals, their characteristics are considered, their classification and some theorems are carried out. A separate chapter is devoted to mathematical models of signal interaction with the propagation medium. The monograph also considers mathematical models of stochastic signal processing and control systems based on spline filtering, artificial intelligence models and neural networks. The monograph can be useful for a wide range of specialists in various fields of knowledge dealing with mathematical modeling in their research, and can also be used as a teaching aid for conducting both classroom and independent theoretical and practical classes with bachelors, masters, graduate students in the discipline "System Theory and System Analysis", "Mathematical Modeling" and "Optimal and Suboptimal Estimation of Random Processes and Systems".
49
Hilbert, Anja, Lisa Opitz, and Martina de Zwaan. Internet-Based Interventions for Eating Disorders. Edited by W. Stewart Agras and Athena Robinson. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190620998.013.28.
Full textAbstract:
Evidence demonstrating the efficacy of treatment and prevention programs for eating disorders is accruing. However, the common face-to-face delivery of these interventions has a number of limitations, including high cost and limited accessibility. E-mental health, referring to the use of information and communication technology—particularly the Internet—in interventions for mental health disorders, has the potential to overcome these barriers and enhance the treatment and prevention of eating disorders. To date, the limited number of evaluations have documented small to moderate effect sizes in the improvement of eating disorder symptomatology through Internet-based treatment and prevention. Beyond efficacy, major questions remain regarding content, structure, and modes of delivery of Internet-based interventions; suitable diagnostic tools and safety measures; and cost-effectiveness, dissemination, and implications for public health programming. These aspects deserve attention in future research before widely recommending Internet-based interventions for eating disorders.
50
Laver, Michael, and Ernest Sergenti. Party Competition. Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691139036.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Party competition for votes in free and fair elections involves complex interactions by multiple actors in political landscapes that are continuously evolving, yet classical theoretical approaches to the subject leave many important questions unanswered. This book offers the first comprehensive treatment of party competition using the computational techniques of agent-based modeling. This exciting new technology enables researchers to model competition between several different political parties for the support of voters with widely varying preferences on many different issues. The book models party competition as a true dynamic process in which political parties rise and fall, a process where different politicians attack the same political problem in very different ways, and where today's political actors, lacking perfect information about the potential consequences of their choices, must constantly adapt their behavior to yesterday's political outcomes. This book shows how agent-based modeling can be used to accurately reflect how political systems really work. It demonstrates that politicians who are satisfied with relatively modest vote shares often do better at winning votes than rivals who search ceaselessly for higher shares of the vote. It reveals that politicians who pay close attention to their personal preferences when setting party policy often have more success than opponents who focus solely on the preferences of voters, that some politicians have idiosyncratic “valence” advantages that enhance their electability—and much more.