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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Attention deficit disorder with or without hyperactivity (ADHD)'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Costello-Harris, Vanessa A. "Social Information Processing in College Students with and without Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1460898797.

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2

Fox, Laura C. "Examination of Psychosocial and Neuropsychological Characteristics of Young Adults with and without Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1217449628.

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3

Hou, Wai-kai, and 侯維佳. "Developmental trends in the working memory of children with and without attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29719768.

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4

Miller, Jessica A. "Impulsivity in college students with and without ADHD /." Full-text of dissertation on the Internet (1.63 MB), 2010. http://www.lib.jmu.edu/general/etd/2010/doctorate/mille4ja/mille4ja_doctorate_04-21-2010.pdf.

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5

Barton, Kimberly A. "Demographic Variables and Their Relation to Self-Concept in Children with and Without Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2003. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4347/.

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The proposed study examined differences in self-concept between ADHD (n = 61) and non-ADHD boys and girls. Participants included 108 children between 6 and 11 years old. Children completed the Self Description Questionnaire-I, and teacher reports of child competence were obtained. Girls reported lower physical ability and mathematics self-concept than boys. The results also indicated that ADHD girls may be more susceptible to low physical ability and mathematics self-concept than control children or ADHD boys. Teachers also rated ADHD girls as having lower scholastic competence than the other three groups. Teachers reported significant differences in level of competence based on ADHD status. The implications of the current study and directions for future research will be presented.
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Antonini, Tanya. "The Relationship Between Reaction Time Variability and On-Task Behavior in Children with and without ADHD." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1302028968.

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7

Chupetlovska-Anastasova, Angelina. "Longitudinal Exploration of Friendship Patterns of Children and Early Adolescents With and Without Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31462.

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The current study is a multimethod, longitudinal exploration of friendship patterns of children with ADHD. We relied on information from parent and teacher ratings, self-report measures of children and their friends, and observational data from three interactive tasks. In the two phases of the study, the participants were 112 children and their friends between the ages of 7 and 13: ADHD group dyads, n = 68; comparison group dyads, n = 44. Results indicated that the friendships of children with ADHD differed from the friendships of the comparison group. Overall, children with ADHD had friendships that, although stable over time, were of lower duration and stability than the friendships of comparison children. The lower duration and stability of friendships in the ADHD group coincided with more single-parent households in this group, which may indicate elevated family stress. However, children with ADHD were no different than comparison children in regards to the age of their friends and the places where they met them. At both participations, ADHD dyads reported fewer positive friendship features than comparison dyads. Furthermore, children with ADHD reported less intimacy toward their friends, less help and guidance, and less validation and caring. The friendship behaviour dynamics observed during the interactive tasks differed between the two groups. Children with ADHD violated more rules and were less altruistic and sensitive during interactions. Additionally, children with ADHD showed less positive and more non-positive affect while relating to their friends. When a decision that involved a compromise had to be made, the length of interaction was greater and coincided with displayed non-positive affect. Additionally, their friendly interactions were observed to be characterized by unequal power distribution as opposed to those in the comparison group where there was greater power equality. However, our results also suggest that the behavioural trajectory over time was similar between the ADHD and comparison groups. The friendships of ADHD and comparison children were rich in positive and negative friendship features reported by the two friends, and over time there was more open reporting of the negative friendship aspects. Our results did not seem to be affected by gender and age differences, ADHD subtypes, comorbidities, or medication status. Through outlining friendship patterns of children with ADHD, we are hopeful that our findings may be useful to mitigate negative social consequences of ADHD. A practical clinical application may be in recommending measures and creating interventions aimed at promoting friendship and improving social adjustments in children and young adolescents with ADHD.
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8

Durrant, Sarah L. "Parent Behaviors as Predictors of Peer Acceptance in Children With and Without Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2003. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4333/.

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It has been theorized that parents indirectly influence children's peer functioning through aspects of the parent-child relationship. One specific group of children that exhibit significant problems with peers and in interactions with parents is children diagnosed with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Given the limited research examining family-peer links in children with ADHD, the purpose of the current study was to examine the association between aspects of the parent-child relationship and peer functioning in boys and girls with and without ADHD. In the current study, participants included 91 boys and girls between the ages of 7 and 11 years old and their parents. Fifty-four of these children were previously diagnosed with ADHD, Combined or Hyperactive/Impulsive Type. Parents and children participated in a parent-child interaction and then completed several measures assessing the parent-child relationship and peer acceptance. Teacher reports of peer acceptance were also obtained. The results of a multiple regression indicate some support for a family-peer links in children with ADHD. Positive parental affect expressed during a parent-child interaction was the strongest predictor of child-reported peer acceptance in children diagnosed with ADHD. However, parents making positive comments about the child or giving physical affection to the child during parent-child interactions did not predict children's peer acceptance. Negative parenting behaviors showed trends toward significance in predicting lower level's of child-reported peer acceptance in both children with ADHD and undiagnosed children. Parents making negative comments about the child appeared to be the most important predictor of low peer acceptance. Parent and child reports of parental rejection failed to show a significant effect for peer acceptance in both children with ADHD and undiagnosed children. However, among children with ADHD, child-reported parental rejection approached significance as a predictor of peer acceptance. Overall, the results of the current study lend some support to the theory that parents of children with ADHD indirectly affect their children's peer acceptance through parent behaviors. Clinically, these results suggest that interventions with children with ADHD could also focus on parents expression of positive affect and decreasing negative comments. The limitations of the current study and directions for future research will be presented.
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9

Curewitz, Alana. "A DIMENSIONAL APPROACH TO ASSESSING ASPECTS OF ATTENTION AMONG CHILDREN WITH AND WITHOUT SYMPTOMS OF ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER AND/OR ANXIETY." OpenSIUC, 2017. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1438.

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This study examined the relationship between parent-rated attention problems, anxiety, and hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms and children’s performance on various attention domains, including selective, sustained, and divided attention and executive functioning, specifically related to set-shifting and inhibition abilities. A dimensional approach to symptom presentation was used in order to measure attention and anxiety symptoms in a continuous fashion and to better incorporate children who have subclinical and mild presentations (Ferrin & Vance, 2014). Participants were 27 children between 8 and 14 years of age who were recruited in a rural area near a large public university located in the Midwest. Children were administered the Test of Everyday Attention for Children (TEA-Ch; Manly, Robertson, Anderson, & Nimmo-Smith, 1999) and the Self-Report of Personality form from the Behavior Assessment System for Children – Second Edition (BASC-2; Reynolds & Kamphaus, 2004). Parents completed a brief demographics form and the Parent Rating Scale form from the BASC-2. Results were based on a small sample size due to difficulty with recruitment. No effects of parent or self-reported anxiety, attention, and/or hyperactivity symptoms were associated with aspects of selective attention or attentional control/executive functioning. Anxiety symptoms per parent-report predicted some aspects of sustained attention performance. Self-reported symptoms of anxiety and their interaction with both attention problems and hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms significantly predicted divided attention performance. Given the positive correlations between symptoms of anxiety and performance on some of the attention measures, symptoms of anxiety may be a protective factor for aspects of sustained and divided attention. These results suggest that assessment of attention performance among children presenting with symptoms of anxiety and attention problems/hyperactivity should be an area for further research with a larger sample size and additional measures of attention.
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10

Ronk, Marla J. Landau Steven E. "Peer entry behavior of boys with and without ADHD." Normal, Ill. : Illinois State University, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=1390291471&SrchMode=1&sid=1&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1205250904&clientId=43838.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Illinois State University, 2007.
Title from title page screen, viewed on March 11, 2008. Dissertation Committee: Steven E. Landau (chair), Alycia M. Hund, Dawn M. McBride, Glenn D. Reeder, Susan K, Sprecher. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 163-182) and abstract. Also available in print.
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Wagner, Stephanie M. "Motivation to change parenting in mothers of children with and without ADHD associations with demographic and psychological characteristics /." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2008. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5560.

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12

Sneddon, Penny L. "The Effects of Auditory Stimulation on Academic and Behavior Performance in Children With and Without Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder." DigitalCommons@USU, 2004. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6197.

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This study evaluated the relationship between noise and academic performance and behavior of children with ADHD (n = 15) and without ADHD (n = 18). Children completed math sheets under four noise conditions: no noise, standard classroom noise, classroom noise with verbalizations, and classroom noise with classical music. There were no differences in math performance between the two groups. Children with ADHD exhibited more problem behaviors than children without ADHD. Group-by-condition interactions were not significant. Significant effects were found for noise condition; children completed more math problems and had fewer inappropriate behaviors in the no-noise condition. However, there were significant order effects with children performing better on the initial task. The no-noise condition was always presented first; other conditions were randomized. Thus, it is impossible to determine if improved performance was due to decreased environmental stimulation or initial performance effects. Implications of these findings are discussed.
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13

Narad, Megan. "The Impact of Cell Phone use on the Driving Performance of Teenagers with and without Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1382372728.

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14

Barton, Kimberly A. "Social Self-Concept and Positive Illusory Bias in Boys and Girls With and Without Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2006. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5390/.

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This study examined differences in social self-concept, as measured by the Self-Perception Profile for Children (SPPC), between boys and girls with and without attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) while controlling for internalizing symptoms. Ninety-six children between the ages of 8 and 13 participated in the study as part of a larger project. Teacher reports of social competence were collected using the Teacher Rating Scale (TRS). The results indicated ADHD children experienced more peer rejection than control children. ADHD girls appeared to be more susceptible to low social self-concept and competence than control children or ADHD boys. Inattentive symptoms were most predictive of teacher reports of competence. Positive illusory bias was not found to serve a protective function in children regardless of ADHD status. The implications of the current study and directions for future research are presented.
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15

Wodushek, Thomas R. "Performance of Adults With and Without Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) on Measures of Response Inhibition and Frontal Lobe Functioning." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2000. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2590/.

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In this study 2 groups of adults, those with and without ADHD, were studied in terms of cognitive functioning and symptoms of ADHD, depression, anxiety, and substance abuse. Due to the difficulties in diagnosing ADHD in this population three methods of diagnosis were used and the resulting findings presented. The groups did not differ in measures of depression, anxiety, substance abuse or age. Those adults who met criteria for ADHD showed worse performance on a measure of response inhibition compared to those without ADHD. The patterns of correlations among the cognitive measures differed between the two groups. The conclusions from the findings are discussed in relation to Barkley's (1997) self-regulation model of ADHD.
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16

Collett, Brent R. "The Influence of Parental Attributions and Parenting Behaviors on the Attributions Utilized by Children With and Without Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder." DigitalCommons@USU, 2000. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/5573.

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Research suggests that the causal attributions utilized by children with attentiondeficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) differ from those of nonclinical children. Additionally, research indicates differences among the mothers of children with and without ADHD regarding parenting behaviors and attributions for child behavior. In this study, children' s attributions , maternal attributions , and maternal discipline styles were examined in ADHD and non-ADHD populations Participants included 26 children diagnosed with ADHD and their mothers as well as a nonclinical sample of 24 children who had never been diagnosed with ADHD and their mothers. The results support the hypotheses that child and maternal attributions would differ between these two groups. The hypothesis that discipline styles would differ between the two groups was not supported Results suggest that while maternal discipline styles are correlated with children's attributions, the nature of this association differs within AD.HD versus nonADHD populations.
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17

Tegelbeckers, Jana [Verfasser]. "Novelty and ADHD : how unexpected stimuli influence neural processing and behavioral performance in children and adolescents with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder / Jana Tegelbeckers." Magdeburg : Universitätsbibliothek, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1128726521/34.

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18

Baijot, Simon. "Beneficial effect of noise on cognition in individuals with and without adhd: a behavioral, neurophysiological and virtual reality research." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209199.

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Do you think we can concentrate in noisy situations? I bet most of us would spontaneously answer “no” to this apparent simple question. Although we admit it is intuitively the best answer to give, this thesis aims to evidence that it is not always true and that, under certain circumstances, noise can be beneficial.

To appropriately discuss this question, it is necessary to answer others, such as: what is concentrating, paying attention? And, what is noise? Everyone has an idea of what attention is, and can give examples of situations in which it is required: school, work, driving, listening to our parents’ requests and so forth. But who could say that we can fully control attention like if we had a button to press, switching on and off according to the context? When we were little, my father used to say to my brothers and me: “Ok, you did not do this on purpose, but, please, pay attention to your attention”. Well, I can say now that it is not that easy and certainly not for everyone. In the population, around five percent of children and adults meet serious difficulties to pay attention. These people, more than others, often express their deficit with excessive distraction and/or hyperactivity as well as impulsivity. These multiple symptoms, for the individual who lives these behavioral excesses, represent an issue for his/her everyday-life: at school, at work, driving, trying to listen to his/her parents’ requests, etc.

Such symptoms refer to a syndrome called attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Although the definition of this syndrome has changed across the course of History, the first descriptions of ADHD go back to 1798. Since, a lot has been written about this disorder, which we do not fully understand yet. Beyond these simple words, “inattention, impulsivity, hyperactivity”, a consequent number of etiologies (environmental, genetic, psychosocial), subtypes, comorbidities, and outcomes reflect the enormous heterogeneity of the phenotypes that are found in this syndrome. The main treatment offered to individuals with ADHD is a psychostimulant drug called methylphenidate. This medication, acting mainly on dopaminergic brain functioning, has proven efficacy regarding ADHD symptoms. However, it has several limitations. For instance, its use remains controversial in the society; it causes side effects and around 30% of individuals with ADHD do not respond to this treatment. These mentioned limitations, among others, highlight the necessity to find alternative ways to reduce ADHD symptoms.

This is the main objective of this thesis. To do so, we will investigate a counterintuitive phenomenon. In certain situations, what can be called noise might improve cognition and, consequently, potentially reduce the symptoms associated with ADHD. As mentioned in the beginning of this preamble, one could think that everything unnecessary in our direct environment is a potential distraction. Intuitively, a sensible person would suggest that individuals prone to distraction, as those with ADHD, would benefit from a stimulation- free environment to improve attention and reduce impulsivity as well as hyperactivity. However, already in the 1970’s, authors such as Zentall (1975) developed a theory supported by empirical data, i.e. the optimal stimulation theory, showing that adding stimulation in the environment (with pictures, posters, music, colors, etc.) might improve symptoms of children with ADHD. Successively, many theories and findings were developed and related to the observation that the environmental context affects attention, hyperactivity and impulsivity. For instance, the delay aversion theory (Sonuga-Barke, Taylor, Sembi, & Smith, 1992) suggests that, as children with ADHD are motivated to discount delay, the inattentive, overactive and impulsive behaviors are the expression of such aversion when they cannot avoid the delay. Related to this theory, adding stimulation in the environment has evidenced hyperactivity and impulsive choice reduction (Antrop, Roeyers, Van Oost, & Buysse, 2000; Antrop et al. 2006). Another theory advocates that the ADHD-related symptoms are explained in terms of energetic dysfunction (Sergeant, 2000). For instance, children with ADHD would meet difficulties to adjust their internal state (e.g. their arousal) required for a task. Accordingly, Sergeant (2000) suggested that performance is influenced not only by cognitive capacity but also by environmentally determined levels of arousal and showed the extent to which variations in these energetic factors can be managed to ensure optimal performance. A recent theory, called the Moderate Brain Arousal model (Sikstrom & Soderlund, 2007), particularly caught our interest. This theory postulates that white noise has beneficial effect on cognition. The first study of these authors (Soderlund, Sikstrom, & Smart, 2007) supported their hypothesis, showing that children with ADHD improved their episodic memory performance when they were exposed to white noise. This is, to our knowledge, the first study that evidenced such improvement with white noise, considered as extra-task stimulation, in children with ADHD.

The objective of this thesis is to investigate the potential beneficial effect of noise in individuals with and without ADHD regarding attentional and executive functioning. We will first review, in the first chapter of this Introduction, the general aspects of ADHD: definition criteria, prevalence, etiologies, treatments and outcomes. In the second chapter, we will present the main theories and findings related to this syndrome and to our main objective.

After the Introduction, we will describe the different experimental studies that we have carried out in the context of this thesis. Hereunder, we propose a short overview of these studies.

The first study of this thesis is a pilot study, aimed to validate the relevance to use event- related potentials (ERPs) in children with and without ADHD to further investigate noise effect. Accordingly, the second study investigated noise effect on behavioral and ERPs aspects in children with and without ADHD. To do so, children performed a visual cued Go/Nogo. They were also submitted to a neuropsychological assessment. Afterwards, in a third study, we used the same paradigm in adults with and without ADHD. Here, we also added a music condition to investigate another stimulation than noise.

In the fourth study, we decided to explore the effect of noise in a more ecological environment. To do so, we used a virtual reality tool that allowed to immerse the children in a virtual classroom environment. Children with and without ADHD were then assessed, being immersed in a classroom, with a continuous performance task (CPT) presented on the blackboard while several auditory and visual realistic distracters emerged during the test. Children performed the task with and without white noise exposure as well as a neuropsychological assessment. In the fifth study, we used the virtual classroom to investigate noise effect on interference control. Children with and without ADHD were submitted to a bimodal virtual reality Stroop (with auditory and visual target stimuli) and to a neuropsychological assessment. Finally, in a last study, we explored the effect of noise in consecutive young adults. Immersed in the virtual classroom, they were submitted to the CPT task with and without white noise. ADHD questionnaires and a neuropsychological assessment were also undertaken.

To end this thesis, we will discuss to what extent our studies allowed going one step further in the investigation of “on what, with whom, when and where” noise can be beneficial. We will discuss all our studies and results in the light of the theories and findings exposed in the Introduction. Finally, we will comment the clinical validation of these results.


Doctorat en Sciences Psychologiques et de l'éducation
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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19

Packard, Stacie S. "EFFECTS OF VIGOROUS BOUTS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN ELEMENTARY STUDENTS WITH AND WITHOUT A DIAGNOSIS OF ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER: AN EXAMINATION OF HOW PHYSICAL ACTIVITY INFLUENCES THE ATTENTION AND CONCENTRATION OF STUDENTS IN THE SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1182358294.

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20

Carducci, Christina A. "Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and gender differences /." Online version of thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/10851.

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21

Graham, Linda Jayne. "Schooling attention deficit hyperactivity disorders." Queensland University of Technology, 2007. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16529/.

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This thesis effects a (dis)ordered look as a disordered construct. A Thesis by Publication format has been employed, where instead of a traditional linear argument: A + B = Conclusion, this work follows a cartographical route - instead of traditional thesis chapters, there are scholarly journal articles. Whilst related, these papers each concentrate on different threads of the problem that we currently call "Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder". Connected by short linking summaries, they constitute a cartographic survey utilising Foucault's (1977; 2003b) notion of a discursive/technological grid to examine "ADHD" as a discursive formation and schooling as a system of formation of "disorderly" objects.
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Brookes, Keeley-Joanne. "Candidate gene studies of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.437769.

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Pironti, Valentino Antonio. "Neurocognitive endophenotypes in adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648497.

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24

Alharbi, Rabab. "Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Discourses in Saudi Arabia." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/38172.

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ADHD is the most commonly diagnosed neurobehavioral disorder among children. While ADHD in Western countries has long been recognized and increasingly diagnosed in recent years, there is a growing recognition of this disorder as a significant cross-cultural phenomenon. Saudi studies to date vary in their estimation of prevalence of ADHD, with overall prevalence estimated to be between 3.5% and 6.5%, while the worldwide prevalence of ADHD is 5.29%.This study is a thesis by three articles. The first article examines the representations of ADHD by the Saudi ADHD Society members on Twitter because, as the only charity serving people with ADHD in Saudi Arabia, they have come to define how ADHD is talked about there. The Society’s Twitter account (@adhdarabia) has over 13,500 followers. Tweets posted between December 1st, 2016 and January 31st, 2017 were collected, with those announcing events and retweets from other accounts eliminated. This resulted in 141 tweets discussing the nature, causation, and treatment of ADHD. The content of these tweets was analyzed using Foucauldian discourse analysis. Findings reveal that the Society’s Twitter account shows members constructing ADHD as an experience of suffering; their comments position children with ADHD as sufferers, often subject to additional problems. An alternative discursive construction of ADHD is that caring for a child with ADHD is a ‘different’ kind of responsibility for parents and teachers, who must be advised by ‘experts’. The implications of these discourses are discussed in this paper.The second article uncovers the lived experience of parents with a child who has had an ADHD diagnosis in Saudi Arabia, and examines how their experiences can be understood in relation to the multiple and competing discourses of ADHD that frame their daily lives. Which discourses do parents draw upon – and reinforce – as they describe their experiences of ADHD, and which discourses do they resist? This study carried out in-depth interviews with seven Saudi parents who have at least one child diagnosed with ADHD, or any of its subtypes, between the ages of two and 11. Foucauldian discourse analysis (FDA) is applied in analyzing parental ADHD discourses, uncovering how these parents made sense of ADHD pre- and post-diagnosis. Four main discourses emerged in the process: ADHD as normal behavior (pre-diagnosis), and ADHD as emerging from supernatural/religious, medical, and social environment contexts (post-diagnosis). This paper also emphasises that the causes of ADHD must be considered in the wider context of misconceptions and uncertainty among Saudi parents. All the participants in this research were influenced by a combination of discourses in their attempts to make sense of their children’s symptoms.The third article explores the discourses drawn upon, reinforced and resisted by six Saudi teachers and four clinicians as they describe their experiences and understanding of ADHD. Saudi clinicians approach ADHD as an extension of American medical views in terms of its causes, diagnosis and treatment. Alarmingly, in light of the shortage of recommended ADHD medications, there are accounts of antipsychotic medications being prescribed for children. Saudi teachers’ views of ADHD were an extension of the medical discourse; this meant that students’ strengths were ignored and the focus was entirely on negative behavioral patterns. Despite a tendency to attribute ADHD to genetics, teachers objectified students who ‘acted out’ as having ADHD or even other disorders (when the child’s behavior or symptoms diverged from their limited understanding of ADHD). Parents who do not comply with teachers’ suggestions are blamed for any lack of improvement in the child’s behavior or academic attainment. Teachers’ accounts also revealed some serious pressures on them as a result of large class sizes and a lack of training in how to teach and manage students with ADHD. These findings have implications for individuals and institutions providing ADHD education to both doctors and teachers, and reinforce calls for researchers to examine ADHD outside of the genetic ‘box’.
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Beck, Carina Ann. "Bilingualism, Executive Function, and Attention Deficit/hyperactivity Disorder." OpenSIUC, 2014. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1555.

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In an era where the diagnosis of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is as high as 7% in school-aged children, the search for causes and preventions has never been more important. Current research indicates a positive relationship between bilingualism, particularly native bilingualism, and executive function in normally developing individuals. This study served to examine the potential relationship between bilingual education in a public school setting and the presence of ADHD symptoms in that school's students. This was a comparative analysis of students in a South Florida School District's two-way immersion program with the national average in terms of frequency of ADHD symptoms using the NICHQ Vanderbilt Assessment Scale and the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham (SNAP). The results did not show any significant differences between groups in terms of language history, gender, race, or family structure.
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Banila, Beatrice. "Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, medication and substance abuse." Thesis, University of Skövde, School of Humanities and Informatics, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-614.

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Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, (ADHD), is an established childhood psychiatric disorder, and it is the present diagnosis for children with major difficulties in the core symptoms; impulsiveness, attention and hyperactivity. The disorder is known to persist into adulthood and create major problems in coping with everyday life. With ADHD follows a vast variety of other conditions, which burdens the ADHD individuals even more. The major cause for the disorder is in heritage but also other possible explanations will be discussed. The main treatment for ADHD is psycho stimulants, such as methylphenidate and amphetamine. ADHD is associated with substance abuse and several articles in this essay will provide support for that. Is substance abuse in ADHD individuals a form of self-medication in order to ameliorate the symptoms or is the increased risk for substance abuse due to the stimulant medications? In this essay, I will describe what ADHD is, present what are its known causes, summarize the treatments available for ADHD, and discuss the relationships between ADHD and substance abuse.

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27

Saydam, Reyhan. "Executive Functions In Children With Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder." Phd thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12608885/index.pdf.

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Aim of the present study was to evaluate executive functions (EF) such as inhibition, planning, working memory, set-shifting in children with Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) via comparison of three ADHD subtype groups (ADHD-I, ADHD-C and ADHD-Comorbid) and a normal control group. Participants consist of 147 children. Total of 111 children were assigned into the ADHD groups of the study. Thirty seven children (5 girl and 32 boys) were assigned into the ADHD-Inattentive group, thirty seven children (6 girls and 31 boys) were assigned into the ADHD-Combined group
and thirty seven children (4 girls and 33 boys) were classified as ADHD-Comorbide group (ADHD-C with Oppositional Defiant Disorder consists of 4 girls and 31 boys, and/or Conduct Disorders consists of 2 boys). Thirty six children (6 girls and 30 boys
age range: 7- 12) were assigned as control group by matching with the ADHD groups according to the WISC-R Full Scale IQ score, sex and age. Conner&rsquo
s Parental and Teacher Rating Scales, Child Behavior Check List and Wechsler Intelligence Scale Revised, Tower of London Test, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Stroop Color Word Test, Cancellation Task, Trail Making Test, California Verbal List Test for Children, Verbal Fluency Test, Continuous Performance Test, Go-No-Go Task and Bender-Gestalt Test were used for the assessment of children. The data were analyzed by one-way within subject ANOVA for all dependent variables measured by the assessment tools. Additionally discriminant function analyses were conducted to determine the variables that differentiate the three ADHD groups and control group. Outcome of study indicated that subjects in ADHD-Comorbid group had more severe Executive Function (EF) deficits than subjects in ADHD-I and ADHD-C group. The findings were discussed in the light of the literature.
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28

Wood, David L. "Clinical Overview of Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5147.

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Book Summary: While much needs to be done in order to minimize the suicide attempts and suicides of adolescents, the work of Stop Youth Suicide (SYS) campaign and the comprehensive grassroots' approach is showing signs of success in the state of Kentucky. The 2013 national Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) showed that for the first time, indicators of youth suicide in the state are at or below the national average, where they were previously always above. In the three rural counties where the school systems have partnered with SYS and the Division of Adolescent Medicine in Lexington, there is an actual absence of completed suicides compared to the average of three per year prior to this partnership. In order to maintain and improve that statistic, we must ensure that students do not have easy access to weapons, guns and drugs by ensuring that these items are properly stored in homes where children are present. Kentucky's educators must continue to develop ways to provide safe and supportive school environments. In this book, the authors have gathered presentations from the 2017 Annual Stop Youth Suicide Campaign Conference, which we hope will be of interest and help to the readers.
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29

Jenkins, Kristal D. "ADHD assessment practices used by general practitioners, pediatricians, psychiatrists, and psychologists in West Virginia." Click here for online access, 2008. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=908.

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30

Keyes, Beth Anne Susan. "Subtyping Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in a university sample." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ38386.pdf.

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31

Brady, Geraldine. "Children and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) : a sociological exploration." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2004. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/1207/.

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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a medical diagnosis, applied mainly but not exclusively to children. Diagnosis of ADHD is a controversial issue as the validity of the condition is questioned, and the main form of intervention offered to children in the UK is Methylphenidate, better known as Ritalin, which is a psycho-stimulant. It is also controversial because it rests on the assumption of a particularly westernised cultural conception of what 'normal' childhood behaviour should be, yet dominant discourses of child development and socialisation have influenced this view of children as less competent, immature and in need of moulding to fit societal demands. The orthodox position on ADHD also appears to compound this assumption, as research which includes the experiential accounts of children who have the diagnosis is extremely rare. Children's own views and perceptions of the diagnosis have not been valued. This thesis is based on in-depth qualitative interviews with seven children aged between 6 and 15 and their parents, plus a small-scale parental survey. In addition, observations of health care professionals' practice, carried out at a Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service, will help to demonstrate that only by giving full consideration to the complexity of medical and lay perspectives can an understanding of ADHD as a concept, a condition, a label, and an experience be achieved. In this study 'medicalisation' debates have been used as a means of reflecting on the concept of AD}ID. It is suggested that within the health professional/parent/child triangle dominant discourses position children as passive and dependenwith their health being mediated through their parents. By drawing attention to the embodied nature of the experience and meaning of ADHD it will be shown that the valuable and insightful contributions which children and young people make to the health care division of labour have largely been neglected to date.
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32

Nawrocki, Lori S. "Women with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): A Lived Study." University of Toledo Health Science Campus / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco1154443986.

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33

Macey, Katherine DeGeorge. "Attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder: teacher knowledge and referral for assessment." Diss., Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/4191.

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Attention-Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) continues to be one of the most commonly diagnosed disorders in school-aged children As teachers are important gatekeepers for referring students who are in need of special services or classroom modifications, understanding what teachers know about ADHD and the factors that may lead to referral are important. First, the present study examined whether or not teachers were sensitive to academic achievement when making special education referrals. Second, the present study also examined if teachers could differentiate between ADHD behaviors and non-ADHD behaviors. Third, it examined the role of general teaching self-efficacy and self-efficacy related to teaching students with ADHD in making referrals and fourth, what are the sources of information teacher access for information about ADHD.
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34

O'Reilly, Seamus Kelly. "Teaching students with ADHD." Online pdf file accessible through the World Wide Web, 2007. http://archives.evergreen.edu/masterstheses/Accession89-10MIT/O'Reilly_S%20MITthesis%202007.pdf.

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35

Wilson, Kathryn Richelle. "Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Psychopathy in the General Adult Population." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7264.

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Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the fastest growing mental disorders in the United States. More children are being diagnosed than ever before, and many of these individuals are finding that at least one other emotional, behavioral, or mental disorder often accompanies ADHD (including psychopathy). The number of individuals in the prison population with both ADHD and psychopathy is on the rise. Because of these increases, including what is being seen in the prison population, this study aimed to identify if there was a relationship between ADHD and psychopathy in the general population, and if there were specific maternal prenatal behaviors that may increase the likelihood of this relationship. This study used a survey composed of both the Brown Attention-Deficit Disorder Scales assessment, the Carlson Psychological Survey assessment, and additional demographic questions to gather data. Social media groups specific to ADHD were used to recruit a convenience sample of 88 participants who endorsed symptoms of ADHD. A quantitative analysis was conducted to explore the degree of the relationship between ADHD and psychopathy in the general population who endorsed symptoms of ADHD. Additionally, this study used a multiple linear regression to determine if maternal nicotine, alcohol, or drug consumption had any effect on the degree of this relationship. Results indicated that there was not a statistically significant relationship between ADHD and psychopathy in the general population, unlike what is seen in the prison population. However, even though the finding were not statistically significant, there are still implications for future research and evidence that the social stigma around ADHD and delinquent behaviors is inaccurate.
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36

Stuttgen, Wendy. "Teachers' understanding of science and ADHD." Menomonie, WI : University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2006. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2006/2006stuttgenw.pdf.

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37

Hollis, Alaina L. "A teachers's [sic] guide to understanding attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2006. http://165.236.235.140/lib/AHollis2006.pdf.

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38

MacArthur, Karen 1971. "Looking at ADHD : a personal exploration of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/103833.

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Thesis (S.M. in Science Writing)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Humanities, Program in Writing and Humanistic Studies, 2003.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 50-53).
by Karen MacArthur.
S.M.in Science Writing
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39

Haraldsson, Elina, and Malin Riberth. "ADHD och arbete : Arbetsgivares uppfattningar om personer med diagnosen ADHD på arbetsplatsen." Thesis, Hälsohögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, HHJ, Avd. för beteendevetenskap och socialt arbete, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-22400.

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Studien analyserar vad arbetsgivare har för uppfattningar beträffande personer med ADHD på en arbetsplats. Semistrukturerade intervjuer har använts som datainsamlingsmetod. Urvalet består av sju arbetsgivare inom den privata sektorn. Studien har inspirerats av den fenomeno-grafiska ansatsen, där olika uppfattningar om ett fenomen står i centrum. Teoretiska analysbe-grepp för den här studien är social kategorisering och den medicinska och sociala modellen kopplat till funktionsnedsättningar. Resultatet presenteras i fem teman. Viktiga slutsatser är att informanterna ansåg att ADHD är ett svårfångat fenomen. Personer med ADHD anses kräva mycket tid, tolerans och tålamod av arbetsgivaren. Det ansågs finnas en lägsta gräns för hur mycket vinstdrivande verksamheter kan och bör anpassa sig efter de anställdas behov. Eko-nomiskt stöd ansågs vara nödvändigt för att kunna anpassa arbetsplatsen. Informanterna ansåg att det kan gagna arbetsgivaren och personen själv om personen berättar om sin diagnos. Sam-tidigt trodde informanterna att det kunde finnas svårigheter i att få ett jobb om en person be-rättar att denne har en diagnos innan denne är anställd. Genomgående för studien är att ar-betsgivarna anser att det är viktigt att se personen och inte diagnosen. Informanterna utgick mestadels från den medicinska modellen i studien och hade en tendens att kategorisera perso-ner med ADHD.
The purpose of this study is to analyze what kind of perceptions employers have regarding ADHD in the workplace. Semi-structured interviews were used as data-collection-method. The selection consist seven interviews with employers within the private sector. The study has been inspired by the phenomenographic approach. The medical and social model in relation to disability as well as social-categorizations is the analytical tools. The results are presented in five themes. Our study shows that employers thought that ADHD is a phenomenon which is difficult to define. According to the informants ADHD requires much time, tolerance and pa-tience. For the employers there seemed to be a limit regarding how much the workplace can adapt to the individual, and financial support was considered necessary to adapt the work-place. Employers felt that it is beneficial if the person with ADHD is open about his diagno-sis. However, they also thought it could be more difficult to get a job if the person talked about his diagnosis before he is employed. Throughout the study employers considered it to be important to see the person behind the diagnosis. The employers regarded mostly disabili-ties from the medical model and had a tendency to social-categorized people with ADHD.
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40

Lindh, Maria. "Vilka stöd finns det för elever med ADHD i skolan? : What forms of support are available at school for pupils with ADHD?" Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för utbildning, kultur och kommunikation, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-24319.

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Syftet med denna studie har varit att undersöka vilka stöd det finns för barn med ADHD i skolan. Studien bygger på intervjuer med två klasslärare, en speciallärare, två rektorer samt en observation av en elev med diagnosen ADHD. Skolorna i undersökningen har varit en kommunal f-5 skola samt en f-9 friskola. För att belysa detta ämne ur en ny synvinkel har jag valt att undersöka lärarnas erfarenheter av sambanden mellan språkutveckling och ADHD. Intervjuerna visar att lärarna underströk att barn är olika och att man därför måste arbeta utifrån den enskilde individen. Lärarna menar att de inte har sett något samband mellan ADHD och försvagning av den språkliga utvecklingen. Vidare menar även lärarna att elever med ADHD är i behov av struktur och rutiner. Klasslärarna menade dock att detta inte var unikt för elever med ADHD utan att alla elever är i behov av det. Båda rektorerna anser att det är svårt att få ekonomiskt stöd för elever med enbart en ADHD diagnos. Den ena rektorn menade till och med att det är omöjligt. Undersökningen visar att det finns viss avsaknad av kunskap hos verksamma lärare om ADHD samt om kopplingen, som enligt forskare finns, mellan språkförsvagning och diagnosen. Därmed brister även kunskapen om hur man på bästa sätt kan stödja elever som har denna diagnos. Behovet av vidareutbildning är stor framförallt eftersom det ständigt kommer ny forskning inom området.
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41

Evert, Brittany. "Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in the schools alternative interventions for school counselors /." Online version, 2009. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2009/2009evertb.pdf.

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42

Pettit, Sharon. "Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder : the role of delay aversion and attentional bias." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.390719.

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43

Hill, Jemma. "Attention training and the Positive Illusory Bias in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/attention-training-and-the-positive-illusory-bias-in-attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder(0b136c3a-52fc-42e1-96e4-8ed15242cd0a).html.

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Paper 1 provides a systematic review on the association between children over-rating their competence, termed Positive Illusory Bias (PIB), and Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The evidence towards this construct was examined, in addition to its environmental specificity and modifiability. Findings confirmed an association between PIB and ADHD, with most studies evidencing higher discrepancies between self and adult ratings of competence in children with ADHD compared to controls. The nature and magnitude of this association was less clear however, with some of these studies showing absolute ratings of children to be similar to controls, and a PIB only evidenced when adults were used as objective evaluators, not actual performance. Thus the review was unable to discount the idea that the PIB may, in part, be a function of the system around children with ADHD under-estimating their abilities. Clinical implications are discussed. Paper 2 presents an investigation into the efficacy and feasibility of a metacognitive therapy technique, Attention Training (ATT) in children with ADHD. A novel intervention in this population, the study employed a single case series design, followed by an uncontrolled trial, both with a 6-week follow up. A total of 16 children aged 7-11 under the care of a children and adolescent mental health service received 5 sessions of the ATT. Findings revealed that children rated their attention as significantly improved, despite no statistical improvement found on parent ratings. Significant improvements were also shown in working memory and other aspects of executive functioning. Adherence to home practice of the ATT was generally poor, but session attendance was good and the treatment was well-liked by parents. Clinical implications and directions for future research are indicated. Paper 3 is a critical reflection of the research process. Reflections on paper 1 and 2 are given, including limitations and clinical implications. The impact of the research process on my personal development and learning is also discussed.
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44

Brinkman, Tonya M. "The attributions of young ADHD children, who are on medication /." View online, 1995. http://repository.eiu.edu/theses/docs/32211998780848.pdf.

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45

Ntuli, Busisiwe Nokukhanya. "Attitudes of educators towards children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder." Thesis, University of Zululand, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1333.

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The aim of the study was to investigate educators’ knowledge and attitudes towards children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). In particular the study sought: 1. To determine the level of educators knowledge and attitudes about ADHD 2. To ascertain whether or not is a significant difference in attitude between educators in the mainstream school and those in the resource centre (remedial school);and 3. To determine the relationship, if any, between educators’ perceptions of ADHD children and certain educators’ characteristics discussed further in the study. In this study, the focus was on primary school learners. Primary school learners are learners who are between grades one and seven. The target population was primary school educators in a mainstream school and in a resource centre. Sixty nine educators were divided into two groups:48 educators taught at a mainstream school (Group 1) and 21 educators teach at a resource center (remedial school) and deal with ADHD cases regularly (Group 2).A questionnaire was given to each responded as a method of data collection instrument. xiv The study concludes that mainstream education for ADHD children (with individualized education if necessary) causes considerable difficulty for all concerned. The educators’ attitudes towards ADHD children were far from ideal, and their knowledge is insufficient. One interesting finding from this study was that knowledge of Special Education seems to have a positive influence on the educators’ attitude towards learners with ADHD.
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46

Austin, Karla Michele. "Adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Personality Characteristics and Comorbidity." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1998. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279399/.

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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is surrounded by confusion and controversy regarding its definition, course, etiology and treatment. Among adults, ADHD is rarely considered a diagnostic reality of primary importance and is often overlooked. This study provides descriptive validity for adult ADHD in distinguishing it from controls, and identifying both a pure condition and one wrought with comorbidity.
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47

Sarver, Dustin. "Hyperactivity in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): Testing functional relationships with phonological working memory performance and attention." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5856.

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Excessive gross motor activity is currently considered a ubiquitous and disruptive feature of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); however, an alternative model challenges this premise and hypothesizes a functional relationship between activity level, attention, and working memory. The current study investigated whether, and the extent to which, particular forms of gross motor activity are functionally related to children's attention and phonological working memory performance. Objective observations of children's gross motor movements and attention by independent observers were conducted while children with ADHD (n = 29) and typically developing children (n = 23) completed multiple counterbalanced tasks entailing low and high phonological working memory demand. The tasks were then sequenced hierarchically to reflect the lowest to highest activity level condition for each child. Results revealed that (a) ADHD-related phonological working memory performance deficits are moderated by increases in intra-individual activity level, (b) heightened activity level impacts performance independently of changes in observed attention, and (c) increases in particular forms of movement (foot movement and out-of-chair movement) contribute to greater phonological working memory performance within the context of attentive behavior. The findings collectively indicate that phonological working memory deficits in children with ADHD are associated with an inability to up-regulate motor activity to facilitate optimal task performance, and that behavioral treatments targeting reductions in certain forms of hyperactivity may have unintended consequences on working memory functioning in ADHD.
Ph.D.
Doctorate
Psychology
Sciences
Psychology; Clinical Psychology
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48

Klimkeit, Ester Ivonne 1975. "Studies of attention and motor function in children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)." Monash University, Dept. of Psychology, 2002. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/8147.

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49

Vincent, Laura E. "Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder & Narrative Comprehension Deficits in College Students." UKnowledge, 2016. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/psychology_etds/97.

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The current study examined if the narrative comprehension deficits that children with ADHD exhibit during childhood and adolescence continue in college students as a function of ADHD symptoms, and if a relationship existed between ADHD symptoms and self-efficacy. Children and adolescence with ADHD have difficulties in several areas of narrative comprehension, including maintaining goal structure, distinguishing important events from unimportant events, and making causal connections. If these deficits persist there also may be a relationship between ADHD symptoms and self-efficacy. Higher levels of ADHD symptomatology were associated with difficulties recalling story events in the college population. Some findings differed from the patterns observed for children and adolescents. College students with higher symptoms of ADHD recalled fewer events in the Growing Pains recall. However, unlike children and adolescents, college students with higher symptoms of ADHD did not recall fewer of the Growing Pains important events or causally connected events. The pattern of findings for the fables is consistent with that seen in research studying children with symptoms of ADHD. These deficits may lead to a serious deficit in academic outcomes within this population.
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50

Molitor, Stephen J. "The Written Expression Abilities of Adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder." VCU Scholars Compass, 2015. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3704.

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Students with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) often experience significant academic underachievement. Written expression abilities in this population have not been extensively studied but existing prevalence estimates suggest that rates of comorbid writing underachievement may be substantially higher than comorbid reading and mathematics underachievement. The current study examined written expression abilities in a school-based sample of 326 adolescents with ADHD. The prevalence of written expression impairment, the associations between written expression and academic outcomes, and specific patterns of written expression were investigated. Results indicate that students with ADHD experience written expression impairment at a similar rate to reading and mathematics disabilities. Students’ written expression abilities were significantly associated with school grades and parent ratings of academic functioning, above and beyond reading achievement and intelligence. Analyses suggest that students with ADHD exhibit global impairment in writing, as opposed to having specific deficits in certain aspects of writing.
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