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Journal articles on the topic 'Attenuative capacity'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

G., Moses,, and Osinubi, K. J. "Attenuative Capacity of Compacted Bagasse Ash Treated Foundry Sand." Jordan Journal of Civil Engineering 9, no. 3 (2015): 266–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.14525/jjce.9.3.3070.

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2

Bello, A. A., and K. J. Osinubi. "ATTENUATIVE CAPACITY OF COMPACTED THREE REDDISH BROWN TROPICAL SOILS." Continental J. Engineering Sciences 5, no. 2 (2010): 39–54. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.833757.

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Three compacted reddish brown tropical soils from Ibadan, Southwestern Nigerian, West Africa, were investigated in the laboratory for their suitability as hydraulic barriers for waste containment structure. The key parameters evaluated was the impact of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) landfill leachate on the geotechnical, mineralogical, long-term hydraulic conductivity and sorptive and diffusive properties of the soils. The effective diffusion coefficient D* value for Na<sup>+</sup> (2.69 x 10<sup>-10</sup>m<sup>2</sup>/s) in MP3 increased to a peak value in MP1 (3.48 x 10<sup>-10</sup>m<sup>2</s

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Zhan, Weichen, Mingwei Zhuang, Qi Qiang Liu, Linlin Shi, Yuefeng Sun, and Qing Huo Liu. "Frequency domain spectral element method for modelling poroelastic waves in 3-D anisotropic, heterogeneous and attenuative porous media." Geophysical Journal International 227, no. 2 (2021): 1339–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggab269.

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SUMMARY Simulating poroelastic waves in large-scale 3-D problems having porous media coupled with elastic solids and fluids is computationally challenging for traditional methods. It is well established that the spectral element method (SEM) is more effective than the traditional methods like the finite element method (FEM) when dealing with complex geophysical problems, for its high-order accuracy with exponential convergence. However, at present, little research has been done for SEM in the frequency domain, which will be more efficient than the time-domain SEM for narrowband simulations wit

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Pownall, Barnaby, Struan J. Reid, Annie E. Hill, and David Jenkins. "Schizosaccharomyces pombe in the Brewing Process: Mixed-Culture Fermentation for More Complete Attenuation of High-Gravity Wort." Fermentation 8, no. 11 (2022): 643. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation8110643.

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High-gravity brewing is a method that maximises brewhouse capacity and reduces energy consumption per unit of beer produced. The fermentation of wort with high sugar content is known to impact the fermentation characteristics and production of aroma-active volatiles, and as such, cultures that are adapted to this method are industrially valuable. Mixed-culture fermentation offers brewers the opportunity to combine desirable features from multiple strains of yeast and to take advantage of the interactions between those strains. In this study, a highly attenuative strain of Schizosaccharomyces p

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S., Shome. "Assessment of heavy metal adsorption potential of lateritic soil used as landfill liner material in waste containment structures." International Journal of HIT Transaction on ECCN Vol. 7, no. 1A (2021) (2021): 83–89. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5893028.

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Deptt. of Civil Engineering, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia, West Bengal, India Increasing soil and groundwater pollution by heavy metals through anthropogenic reason is a major concern of present environment. The objective of the present study was to assess the potential of lateritic soil to be used as liner material in landfill, effluent drain and effluent pond particularly with respect to subsurface transport of Zn & Cu. In the present study, the adsorption and migration of the two metals (Zn & Cu) through lateritic soil were studied using batch adsorption tests. The laborat

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Clarke, David K., Farooq Nasar, Margaret Lee, et al. "Synergistic Attenuation of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus by Combination of Specific G Gene Truncations and N Gene Translocations." Journal of Virology 81, no. 4 (2006): 2056–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01911-06.

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ABSTRACT A variety of rational approaches to attenuate growth and virulence of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) have been described previously. These include gene shuffling, truncation of the cytoplasmic tail of the G protein, and generation of noncytopathic M gene mutants. When separately introduced into recombinant VSV (rVSV), these mutations gave rise to viruses distinguished from their “wild-type” progenitor by diminished reproductive capacity in cell culture and/or reduced cytopathology and decreased pathogenicity in vivo. However, histopathology data from an exploratory nonhuman primate

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Mao, Xiao Hui. "Dynamic Response of the Compound Structure of Foam Aluminum Core Composite Sandwich Material to the Shock Wave of Gas Explosion." Advanced Materials Research 690-693 (May 2013): 1149–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.690-693.1149.

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A new energy absorption device composed of the foam aluminum and steel plate is introduced here, which can prevent the structure by attenuating the over pressure of air-shockwave produced by a gas blast effectively. In order to find out the blast wave pressure attenuation property of a cladding aluminum foam layer and an aluminum foam sandwich layer, the theoretical and numerical methods were used to study them through comparative analyses. Two kinds of typical structures are simulated numerically, which are the structure with one layer of a steel plate and the structure with both a layer of t

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Lawton, Kevin M., Steven R. Patterson, and Russell G. Keanini. "Precision Temperature Control of High-Throughput Fluid Flows: Theoretical and Experimental Analysis." Journal of Heat Transfer 123, no. 4 (2001): 796–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1375810.

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A precision method for attenuating temperature variations in a high-throughput control fluid stream is described and analyzed. In contrast to earlier investigations, the present study emphasizes heat transfer analysis of the constituent control device and derives theoretical descriptions of system responses to time-varying fluid temperatures. Experiments demonstrate that the technique provides: (1) frequency-dependent attenuation which is several orders of magnitude greater than that obtained via a perfect mixing volume; (2) attenuation, over two decades of disturbance frequency, that reduces

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9

Reef, Ruth, and Sabrina Sayers. "Wave Attenuation by Australian Temperate Mangroves." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 13, no. 2 (2025): 382. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13020382.

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Wave attenuation by natural coastal features is recognised as a soft engineering approach to shoreline protection from storm surges and destructive waves. The effectiveness of wave energy dissipation is determined, in part, by vegetation structure, extent, and distribution. Mangroves line ca. 15% of the world’s coastlines, primarily in tropical and subtropical regions but also extending into temperate climates, where mangroves are shorter and multi-stemmed. Using wave loggers deployed across mangrove and non-mangrove shorelines, we studied the wave attenuating capacity and the drag coefficient

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10

Heffner, J. E., S. A. Katz, P. V. Halushka, and J. A. Cook. "Human platelets attenuate oxidant injury in isolated rabbit lungs." Journal of Applied Physiology 65, no. 3 (1988): 1258–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1988.65.3.1258.

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Because platelets contain active antioxidant systems, the capacity of platelets to attenuate oxidant lung injury was investigated. Purine and xanthine oxidase were infused into isolated perfused rabbit lungs (IPL) to generate H2O2, thereby causing increased membrane permeability edema. The coinfusion of washed human platelets (1.20 +/- 0.07 x 10(10) cells) attenuated the degree of edema formation as measured by lung weight gain and lung lavage albumin concentration. Electron microscopy of lung preparations demonstrated platelet adherence to capillary endothelial luminal surfaces of oxidant-inj

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11

Yahaya, S. A., I. O. Muniru, S. Saminu, et al. "Analysis of Impact Attenuation in 3D Printed Hip Protectors: A Support Vector Regression Approach." Nigerian Journal of Technological Development 21, no. 3 (2024): 98–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njtd.v21i3.2394.

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This study examined the impact attenuation of 3D printed hip protectors using thermoplastic polyurethanes with different shore hardness values for preventing osteoporotic hip fractures. Rigorous testing at various energy levels were carried out to determine the protector’s abilities to attenuate impact. Subsequently, the prediction of impact attenuation capacity based on key design parameters was achieved from developed Support Vector Regression (SVR) model generated from the data of the impact attenuation capabilities. The key design parameters were shell thickness, infill density and shore h

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Crivoi, Alexandru, Liangfen Du, and Zheng Fan. "Ventilated silencer based on layered Helmholtz resonators." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 154, no. 4_supplement (2023): A320. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0023664.

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This study investigates the performance of a multilayer sound-attenuating metamaterial with ventilation capabilities. The design incorporates arrays of Helmholtz resonators embedded within the wall structure. Each cell of the barrier's front wall is a Euclidean polygon, triangular, square, or hexagonal, housing a parallel array of resonators interconnected via an axial ventilation duct. The sound attenuation performance of these barriers is meticulously examined using the lumped parameter theory and the transfer matrix method (TMM), complemented by finite element (FE) simulations. The results

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Losada, María Ángeles, María Mazo, Alicia López, Candela Muzás, and Javier Mateo. "Experimental Assessment of the Transmission Performance of Step Index Polymer Optical Fibers Using a Green Laser Diode." Polymers 13, no. 19 (2021): 3397. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13193397.

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Large-core polymer optical fiber (POF) links have limitations in capacity and reach due to the fibers’ high modal dispersion and attenuation. Most of these links use red laser diodes, even though the attenuation spectrum of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), the basic polymer used to manufacture these fibers, has a lower minimum in the green region. Therefore, we set out to explore the potential use of green light in transmission systems, comparing the performances of three step-index polymer optical fibers (SI-POFs) with different numerical apertures. We obtained measurements of intensity dist

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14

Beckman, Jesse Nathaniel, Julia Hopkins, Andrew Winter, Gabriel Cira, and Louiza Wise. "UNDERSTANDING THE WAVE ATTENUATION CAPACITY OF A VEGETATED FLOATING CANOPY." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 38 (May 29, 2025): 115. https://doi.org/10.9753/icce.v38.structures.115.

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Nature-based solutions (NBS) are being explored as a sustainable, adaptable option for coastal protection in urban areas to combat rising sea levels and intensifying extreme storms without relying on traditional grey infrastructure (e.g., groins and seawalls; [Temmerman et al., 2013; Zhu et al., 2020; Hopkins et al., 2022; Landmann et al., 2022]). However, NBS require more rigorous field and laboratory datasets to both quantify their efficacy as protection against coastal flooding and to assist in identifying important design parameters [Zhu et al., 2020; Hopkins et al., 2022; Landmann et al.,

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15

Chen, Feng, Da Lin Hu, and Yi Li Sun. "Anti-Shear Reliability Analysis of Existing Pre-Tensioned Prestressed Concrete Beam Bridges under Atmosphere Condition." Advanced Materials Research 255-260 (May 2011): 1017–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.255-260.1017.

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The shear bearing capacity of pretensioning prestressed concrete beam bridge mainly depends on the stirrup and concrete of the beam, but the longitudinal pre-pressure plays a certain role for the shear bearing of the structure. Under the carbonization corrosion condition, the shear-bearing capacity of the pretensioning prestressed concrete beam will attenuate gradually with the stirrup corrosion and concrete deteriorate. And the risk of brittle shear failure will be increased with the enhanced reinforcement corrosion amount. The paper presents an anti-shear calculation model of the pretensioni

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Chen, Feng, Shuan Hai He, Da Lin Hu, and Bing Yuan Huang. "Anti-Shear Reliability Analysis of Existing Pretension Prestressed Concrete Beam Bridges in the Corrosion Environment with Acid Rain." Advanced Materials Research 150-151 (October 2010): 1488–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.150-151.1488.

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Under the acid rain corrosion condition, the shear-bearing capacity of the pretension prestressed concrete beam will attenuate gradually with the stirrup corrosion and concrete deteriorate. Moreover, the stress corrosion cracking failure and the bond force degradation of the prestressed wires that caused by the aggravated corrosion mediator ingress will further increase the shear failure risk of the pretension prestressed concrete structure without any symptom. The paper presents a shear bearing capacity calculation model of the pretension prestressed concrete beam bridge and discuss the time-

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17

CAI, Chenzhi, and Cheuk Ming MAK. "Noise attenuation capacity of a Helmholtz resonator." Advances in Engineering Software 116 (February 2018): 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advengsoft.2017.12.003.

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18

Blancou, Philippe, Nicole Chenciner, Raphaël Ho Tsong Fang, et al. "Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Promoter Exchange Results in a Highly Attenuated Strain That Protects against Uncloned Challenge Virus." Journal of Virology 78, no. 3 (2004): 1080–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.78.3.1080-1092.2004.

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ABSTRACT Among the many simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) immunogens, only live attenuated viral vaccines have afforded strong protection to a natural pathogenic isolate. Since the promoter is crucial to the tempo of viral replication in general, it was reasoned that promoter exchange might confer a novel means of attenuating SIV. The core enhancer and promoter sequences of the SIV macaque 239nefstop strain (NF-κB/Sp1 region from −114 bp to mRNA start) have been exchanged for those of the human cytomegalovirus immediate-early promoter (CMV-IE; from −525 bp to mRNA start). During culture of t

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19

Farrar, Mitchell, and Emma Thomas. "A systematic review of shock-attenuating componentry for lower limb amputees." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 42, no. 4 (2018): 367–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309364618774062.

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Background: Shock-attenuating pylons are commonly fitted to prostheses in order to compensate for the anatomical and biomechanical shock-absorbing features of the lower limb removed upon amputation. However, studies concerning their shock-attenuating capacity are highly variable and, to date, have not yet been reviewed, making them difficult to interpret and apply in clinical practice. Objectives: To synthesise and appraise the available literature examining the effectiveness of shock-attenuating pylons in attenuating shock upon limb loading compared to rigid pylons among lower limb amputees.

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20

Amin, Muhammad Nasir, Izaz Ahmad, Mudassir Iqbal, et al. "Computational AI Models for Investigating the Radiation Shielding Potential of High-Density Concrete." Materials 15, no. 13 (2022): 4573. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15134573.

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Concrete is an economical and efficient material for attenuating radiation. The potential of concrete in attenuating radiation is attributed to its density, which in turn depends on the mix design of concrete. This paper presents the findings of a study conducted to evaluate the radiation attenuation with varying water-cement ratio (w/c), thickness, density, and compressive strength of concrete. Three different types of concrete, i.e., normal concrete, barite, and magnetite containing concrete, were prepared to investigate this study. The radiation attenuation was calculated by studying the do

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21

Salerno, Francesco G., Riccardo Pellegrino, Gianluca Trocchio, Antonio Spanevello, Vito Brusasco, and Emanuele Crimi. "Attenuation of induced bronchoconstriction in healthy subjects: effects of breathing depth." Journal of Applied Physiology 98, no. 3 (2005): 817–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00763.2004.

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The effects of breathing depth in attenuating induced bronchoconstriction were studied in 12 healthy subjects. On four separate, randomized occasions, the depth of a series of five breaths taken soon (∼1 min) after methacholine (MCh) inhalation was varied from spontaneous tidal volume to lung volumes terminating at ∼80, ∼90, and 100% of total lung capacity (TLC). Partial forced expiratory flow at 40% of control forced vital capacity (V̇part) and residual volume (RV) were measured at control and again at 2, 7, and 11 min after MCh. The decrease in V̇part and the increase in RV were significantl

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22

Chawla, Aditi, Sutapa Chakrabarti, Gourisankar Ghosh, and Maho Niwa. "Attenuation of yeast UPR is essential for survival and is mediated by IRE1 kinase." Journal of Cell Biology 193, no. 1 (2011): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201008071.

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The unfolded protein response (UPR) activates Ire1, an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) resident transmembrane kinase and ribonuclease (RNase), in response to ER stress. We used an in vivo assay, in which disappearance of the UPR-induced spliced HAC1 messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) correlates with the recovery of the ER protein-folding capacity, to investigate the attenuation of the UPR in yeast. We find that, once activated, spliced HAC1 mRNA is sustained in cells expressing Ire1 carrying phosphomimetic mutations within the kinase activation loop, suggesting that dephosphorylation of Ire1 is an i

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23

Hidalgo-Signes, C., J. Garzón-Roca, J. M. Grima-Palop, and R. Insa-Franco. "Use of rubber shreds to enhance attenuation of railway sub-ballast layers made of unbound aggregates." Materiales de Construcción 67, no. 326 (2017): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/mc.2017.00316.

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One of the approaches for solving the problem of induced vibrations in railways is by slightly modifying the materials that form the track. A study is presented of the attenuation capacity of mixes composed of granular soil and rubber shreds when used as sub-ballast (the layer located immediately below the ballast layer). Rubber shreds are obtained from scrap tyres, a troublesome waste material whose reuse and recycling is necessary. A series of mixes of granular soil and rubber shreds with rubber contents of between 1% and 10% are submitted to hammer impact tests to study their response to dy

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Muyshondt, Pieter G. G., Raf Claes, Peter Aerts, and Joris J. J. Dirckx. "Sound attenuation in the ear of domestic chickens ( Gallus gallus domesticus ) as a result of beak opening." Royal Society Open Science 4, no. 11 (2017): 171286. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.171286.

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Because the quadrate and the eardrum are connected, the hypothesis was tested that birds attenuate the transmission of sound through their ears by opening the bill, which potentially serves as an additional protective mechanism for self-generated vocalizations. In domestic chickens, it was examined if a difference exists between hens and roosters, given the difference in vocalization capacity between the sexes. To test the hypothesis, vibrations of the columellar footplate were measured ex vivo with laser Doppler vibrometry (LDV) for closed and maximally opened beak conditions, with sounds int

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Regadío, Mercedes, Jonathan A. Black, and Steven F. Thornton. "THE ROLE OF NATURAL CLAYS IN THE SUSTAINABILITY OF LANDFILL LINERS." Detritus, no. 12 (May 8, 2020): 100–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.31025/2611-4135/2020.13946.

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Engineered synthetic liners on their own cannot protect the environment and human health against landfill leachate pollution. Despite their initial impermeability, they are susceptible to failure during and after installation and have no attenuation properties. Conversely, natural clay liners can attenuate leachate pollutants by sorption, redox transformations, biodegradation, precipitation, and filtration, decreasing the pollutant flux. Depending on the clay, significant differences exist in their shrinkage potential, sorption capacity, erosion resistance and permeability to fluids, which aff

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26

Wang, Hongwei, Jun Liu, Weizhe Zhao, et al. "Model of Battery Capacity Attenuation at Low Temperature." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 565 (October 1, 2020): 012016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/565/1/012016.

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27

WARITH, M. A. "Assessment of Marshland Soil Attenuation Capacity: Experimental Study." Hazardous Waste and Hazardous Materials 10, no. 4 (1993): 441–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/hwm.1993.10.441.

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Martinelli, Luca, Omar Mohamad, Matteo Volpato, Claes Eskilsson, and Manuele Aufiero. "Attenuation Capacity of a Multi-Cylindrical Floating Breakwater." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 12, no. 9 (2024): 1550. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse12091550.

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Floating breakwaters (FBs) are frequently used to protect marinas, fisheries, or other bodies of water subject to wave attacks of moderate intensity. New forms of FBs are frequently introduced and investigated in the literature as a consequence of technological advancements. In particular, a new possibility is offered by High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) by extruding pipes of large diameters (e.g., 2.5 m in diameter) and with virtually no limit in length (hundreds of meters). By connecting two or three such pipes in a vertical layout, a novel low-cost floating breakwater with deep draft is devi

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Liu, Jun, Qiming Liu, Huali Zhu, et al. "Effect of Different Composition on Voltage Attenuation of Li-Rich Cathode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries." Materials 13, no. 1 (2019): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13010040.

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Li-rich layered oxide cathode materials have become one of the most promising cathode materials for high specific energy lithium-ion batteries owning to its high theoretical specific capacity, low cost, high operating voltage and environmental friendliness. Yet they suffer from severe capacity and voltage attenuation during prolong cycling, which blocks their commercial application. To clarify these causes, we synthesize Li1.5Mn0.55Ni0.4Co0.05O2.5 (Li1.2Mn0.44Ni0.32Co0.04O2) with high-nickel-content cathode material by a solid-sate complexation method, and it manifests a lot slower capacity an

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Xu, Wei, and Xiao Dong Tang. "Effect of Porous Structural Parameters on Ultrasonic Attenuation Capacity of Porous Al Alloy with High Specific Strength." Applied Mechanics and Materials 128-129 (October 2011): 386–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.128-129.386.

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Ultrasonic attenuation capacity of porous Al alloy with high specific strength were studied .The results show that it is a light material that have good ultrasonic attenuation capacity between 1 and 8MHz. Ultrasonic attenuation coefficientαof porous Al alloy increases with decreasing pore diameterd,with decreasing porosityPsand with increasing specific surfaceSv.

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Gilbert, Nicolas, Roberta Fulthorpe, and Andrea E. Kirkwood. "Microbial diversity, tolerance, and biodegradation potential of urban wetlands with different input regimes." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 58, no. 7 (2012): 887–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w2012-066.

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Though microbial transformations are the primary mechanism of contaminant attenuation in wetlands, much remains to be known about microbial communities in urban wetlands. In this study, the microbial communities from urban wetlands with different runoff regimes (i.e., a contaminated remnant wetland, a constructed wetland, and a remnant wetland) were assessed for their capacity to attenuate and tolerate typical urban runoff pollutants. Results from denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of 16S rRNA genes showed relatively high similarity in community composition among the wetlands. Community-l

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Yasir, Sultan Mahmood, Muhammad Salman, and Muhammad Shoaib Saleem. "Critical Events of Fog Attenuation Using Visibility Data in Lahore, Pakistan." NUST Journal of Engineering Sciences 11, no. 2 (2018): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.24949/njes.v11i2.394.

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Free-space optics (FSO) communication system is mature, unique and promising technology which is used in various countries to meet high data rate demand and last mile connectivity. FSO link has a capacity to be utilized as a primary communication links by replacing RF communication systems because of its advantages of unregulated bandwidth, broader spectrum of frequency at low power consumption. Now a days researchers has great interest in this technology because of several features and benefits of larger bandwidth, less power consumption, low installations cost, simple to install, no congesti

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Serra, Teresa, Nuno Gracias, and Iris E. Hendriks. "Fragmentation in Seagrass Canopies Can Alter Hydrodynamics and Sediment Deposition Rates." Water 12, no. 12 (2020): 3473. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12123473.

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Seagrasses are valuable coastal ecosystems that protect the seabed from waves and currents. They are threatened by predominately anthropogenic activities which are causing their decline in many regions, often converting large continuous meadows into highly fragmented ones with gaps or bare sand interspersed within the meadows. To evaluate the impact fragmentation is having on the meadows’ capacity to attenuate waves, the hydrodynamics in four meadows with different fragmentation were studied by measuring wave velocity and turbulent kinetic energy. In our study area, as gap size increases, both

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Lian, Yushun, Jiantao Ma, Dong-ang Li, et al. "Experimental investigation on wave attenuation capacity of kelp farms." Ocean Engineering 337 (October 2025): 121906. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2025.121906.

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Sayyed, Mohammed I., Ferdi Akman, Veysel Turan, and Aslı Araz. "Evaluation of radiation absorption capacity of some soil samples." Radiochimica Acta 107, no. 1 (2018): 83–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ract-2018-2996.

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Abstract The aim of the present work is to investigate the radiation absorption capacity of different soil samples in Turkey. For this purpose, we used a γ ray transmission geometry to measure the mass attenuation coefficients of eight soil samples collected between Bingöl city and Solhan district, Turkey at different γ-ray energies in the range of 13.94–88.04 keV. The radioactive sources utilized in the experiment were 241Am, 109Cd and 133Ba. FFAST and WinXCOM programs were used to evaluate the theoretical mass attenuation coefficients values of the selected soil samples. There is a good agre

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Jordan-Paiz, Ana, Sandra Franco, and Miguel Angel Martinez. "Synonymous Codon Pair Recoding of the HIV-1 env Gene Affects Virus Replication Capacity." Cells 10, no. 7 (2021): 1636. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10071636.

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Synonymous codon pair deoptimization is an efficient strategy for virus attenuation; however, the underlying mechanism remains controversial. Here, we optimized and deoptimized the codon pair bias (CPB) of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope (env) gene to investigate the influence of env synonymous CPB recoding on virus replication capacity, as well as the potential mechanism. We found that env CPB deoptimization did not always generate attenuation, whereas CPB optimization attenuated virus replication in MT-4 cells. Furthermore, virus attenuation correlated with reduced E

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Liu, Xian, Ni Zhang, Qian Chen, et al. "SNAI2 Attenuated the Stem-like Phenotype by Reducing the Expansion of EPCAMhigh Cells in Cervical Cancer Cells." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 2 (2023): 1062. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24021062.

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SNAI2 (Snai2) is a zinc-finger transcriptional repressor that belongs to the Snail family. The accumulated evidence suggests that SNAI2 exhibits biphasic effects on regulating a stem-like phenotype in various types of cells, both normal and malignant. In this study, by exogenously expressing SNAI2 in SiHa cells, SNAI2 exhibited the capacity to inhibit a stem-like phenotype in cervical cancer cells. The SNAI2-overexpressing cells inhibited cell growth, tumorsphere formation, tumor growth, enhanced sensitivity to cisplatin, reduced stem cell-related factors’ expression, and lowered tumor initiat

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Arjunan, Arun. "Targeted sound attenuation capacity of 3D printed noise cancelling waveguides." Applied Acoustics 151 (August 2019): 30–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apacoust.2019.03.008.

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Zheng, Xiao-Ting, Yi-Lin Chen, Xiao-Hong Zhang, Min-Ling Cai, Zheng-Chao Yu, and Chang-Lian Peng. "ANS-deficient Arabidopsis is sensitive to high light due to impaired anthocyanin photoprotection." Functional Plant Biology 46, no. 8 (2019): 756. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp19042.

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Light attenuation and antioxidation are the main mechanisms of photoprotection by anthocyanin under high light (HL) stress. Anthocyanin synthase (ANS) is the key enzyme in the downstream portion of anthocyanin synthetic pathways. To explore the role of ANS in photoprotection by anthocyanin under HL stress, homozygous ANS-deficient Arabidopsis mutants were screened from SALK_073183 and SALK_028793. Here, we obtained two deficient mutants, ans-1 and ans-2, which had ANS gene expression levels equal to 5.9 and 32.9% of that of Col respectively. By analysing their physiological and biochemical res

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Xie, Zhen Kai, Takumi Banno, Yasuo Yamada, et al. "Vibration-Damping Capacity of Lotus-Type Porous Magnesium at Room Temperature." Materials Science Forum 510-511 (March 2006): 694–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.510-511.694.

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Lotus-type porous magnesium with a large number of unidirectional cylindrical pores was fabricated by unidirectional solidification of melt dissolving hydrogen in a pressurized hydrogen atmosphere. The vibration-damping capacity of the lotus-type porous magnesium plate which has many open pores was measured in this work. The attenuation coefficients of the free vibration of lotus-type porous magnesium were measured by hammering-vibration-damping test, which revealed that the attenuation coefficients increase with increase in porosity; the damping capacity of lotus magnesium is higher than that

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ŞENGÜL, Aycan, and İskender AKKURT. "Gamma-Ray Shielding Capacity of Bi2O3-SiO2-B2O3 Glass Powders with Different Bi2O3 Contents." Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 13, no. 1 (2024): 327–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17798/bitlisfen.1408329.

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In the present work, features of the ionizing radiation shielding of Bi2O3-SiO2-B2O3 glass powders with different Bi2O3 contents (45–60 mass%) has been investigated by using GAMOS (version 6.2). The validation of generated GAMOS simulation geometry has been provided by comparing the results with standard XCOM data for mass attenuation coefficients of glass powders. The Monte Carlo simulations were used to score photons that traveled in an absorber within the energy range of 0.01 MeV to 20 MeV, depending on the parameter under study. The simulation model involved a monoenergetic point source pr

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Robinovitch, S. N., W. C. Hayes, and T. A. McMahon. "Energy-Shunting Hip Padding System Attenuates Femoral Impact Force in a Simulated Fall." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 117, no. 4 (1995): 409–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2794200.

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Recent studies suggest that hip padding systems reduce the incidence of hip fractures during falls. However, no data exist on the force attenuating capacity of hip pads under realistic fall impact conditions, and thus it is difficult to compare the protective merit of various pad designs. Our goal is to design a comfortable hip padding system which reduces femoral impact force in a fall below the mean force required to fracture the elderly cadaveric femur. In pursuit of this objective, we designed and constructed a hip pad testing system consisting of an impact pendulum and surrogate human pel

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Xi, Peng, Fengling Sun, Xiaoyu Tang, et al. "Effect Mechanism of Phosphorus-Containing Flame Retardants with Different Phosphorus Valence States on the Safety and Electrochemical Performance of Lithium-Ion Batteries." Processes 13, no. 7 (2025): 2248. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13072248.

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With the widespread application of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), safety performance has become a critical factor limiting the commercialization of large-scale, high-capacity LIBs. The main reason for the safety problem is that the electrolytes of LIBs are extremely flammable. Adding flame retardants to conventional electrolytes is an effective method to improve battery safety. In this paper, trimethyl phosphate (TMP) and trimethyl phosphite (TMPi) were used as research objects, and the flame-retardant test and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) of the electrolytes configured by them were

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Hasan, Omar Musa. "Average Capacity Evaluation Performance for Transdermal Optical Wireless Communications under the Effect of Pointing Error." International Journal of Online and Biomedical Engineering (iJOE) 18, no. 13 (2022): 84–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v18i13.33653.

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In this paper, we investigate the performance of average capacity of transdermal wireless optical communication system under the effect of pointing error and skin attenuation. The channel statistical model is assumed to be the product of a stochastic process due to pointing error, and a constant channel gain caused by the skin attenuation. Furthermore, the transdermal optical wireless system employs intensity modulation direct detection with on-off signaling (IMDD/OOK), and the pointing error stochastic process only considers the zero boresight case. We derive novel closed form expression for

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Koesterer, T. J., S. L. Dodd, and Scott Powers. "Increased antioxidant capacity does not attenuate muscle atrophy caused by unweighting." Journal of Applied Physiology 93, no. 6 (2002): 1959–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00511.2002.

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Previous studies have increased antioxidant capacity in skeletal muscle to attenuate oxidative stress and muscle atrophy during limb immobilization (Appell HJ, Duarte JAR, and Soares JMC. Int J Sports Med 18: 157–160, 1997; Kondo H, Miura M, Nakagaki I, Sasaki S, and Itokawa Y. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 262: E583–E590, 1992). The purpose of this study was to determine the level of oxidative stress in muscle during hindlimb unweighting (HLU) and whether antioxidant supplementation can attenuate the atrophy and changes in contractile properties resulting from 14 days of unweighting. Muscle u

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Aleku, Dogo Lawrence, Harald Biester, and Thomas Pichler. "Pipeline-Related Residential Benzene Exposure and Groundwater Natural Attenuation Capacity in the Eastern Niger Delta, Nigeria." Environments 11, no. 10 (2024): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environments11100221.

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This study was conducted to investigate the presence of benzene in the ground and drinking water in the eastern Niger Delta, where multiple oil and gas production facilities are present. Samples from drinking water wells were collected for measurements of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX). Additionally, the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration was determined for the first time to establish the groundwater’s total hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon load. The groundwater BTEX and benzene levels were up to 3904 µg/L and 3500 µg/L, respectively. DOC concentrations were up to

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Saputra, Livinia, Sang-Hyun Kim, Kyung-Jin Lee, et al. "A Conceptual Framework for Modeling Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Diesel Attenuation Capacity: A Case Study across Namyangju, South Korea." Hydrology 11, no. 2 (2024): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/hydrology11020019.

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The vadose zone acts as a natural buffer against groundwater contamination, and thus, its attenuation capacity (AC) directly affects groundwater vulnerability to pollutants. A regression model from the previous study predicting the overall AC of soils against diesel was further expanded to the GIS-based overlay-index model. Among the six physicochemical parameters used in the regression model, saturation degree (SD) is notably susceptible to climatological and meteorological events. To accommodate the lack of soil SD historical data, a series of infiltration simulations were separately conduct

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Haque, M. M., M. Shamsuzzaman, Muhammad Borhan Uddin, Abu Zafor Mohammad Salahuddin, and Ruhul A. Khan. "Fabrication and Characterization of Shielding Properties of Heavy Mineral Reinforced Polymer Composite Materials for Radiation Protection." European Journal of Engineering Research and Science 4, no. 3 (2019): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2019.4.3.1132.

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Heavy mineral and unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) based composite blocks were prepared for potential shielding of ionizing radiations. Locally available heavy minerals with Ilmenite, Magnetite, Garnet, Rutile, Zirconium contents were used to fabricate the composite blocks for the gamma photons with energies 0.662 MeV - 1.25 MeV. The shielding capacity was evaluated in terms of Half Value Layer (HVL), Tenth Value Layer (TVL), Sixteenth Value Layer (SVL), Linear attenuation coefficient, Mass attenuation coefficient, and reduced % of radiation intensity. The Ilmenite composite exhibits relative

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Haque, M. M., M. Shamsuzzaman, Muhammad Borhan Uddin, Abu Zafor Mohammad Salahuddin, and Ruhul A. Khan. "Fabrication and Characterization of Shielding Properties of Heavy Mineral Reinforced Polymer Composite Materials for Radiation Protection." European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research 4, no. 3 (2019): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2019.4.3.1132.

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Heavy mineral and unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) based composite blocks were prepared for potential shielding of ionizing radiations. Locally available heavy minerals with Ilmenite, Magnetite, Garnet, Rutile, Zirconium contents were used to fabricate the composite blocks for the gamma photons with energies 0.662 MeV - 1.25 MeV. The shielding capacity was evaluated in terms of Half Value Layer (HVL), Tenth Value Layer (TVL), Sixteenth Value Layer (SVL), Linear attenuation coefficient, Mass attenuation coefficient, and reduced % of radiation intensity. The Ilmenite composite exhibits relative

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Tian, Jiaqiang, Ruilong Xu, Yujie Wang, and Zonghai Chen. "Capacity attenuation mechanism modeling and health assessment of lithium-ion batteries." Energy 221 (April 2021): 119682. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2020.119682.

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