Dissertations / Theses: 'Attitude towards computer use'

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Borgardt, M. Luther. "Attitudes towards the use of computers by registered nurses." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2616.

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Fournier, Randolph S. "Voice input technology: learning style and attitude toward its use." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/38645.

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This study was designed to investigate whether learning style and attitudes toward voice input technology were related to performance in using the technology. Three null hypotheses were tested: (a) No differences exist in the performance in dictating a paragraph using voice input for individuals with different learning styles; (b) No differences exist in attitude toward voice input for individuals with different learning styles; and (c) No interaction exists for the performance scores for individuals with different learning styles and different attitudes toward voice input technology. The statistical procedure used to examine the hypotheses was analysis of variance. Participants were 50 students preparing to become vocational teachers enrolled in vocational education courses at Virginia Tech. Procedures involved having the participants complete three stages. First, they completed the Gregorc Style Delineator (GSD) learning style instrument. Due to a lack of individuals of one learning style category, abstract sequential (AS), only three learning style categories were used in the study. Second, they completed a background information sheet. Third, they participated in the voice-input training and dictation phase. Each student completed a one-hour session that included training, practice using voice input, and dictating a paragraph. Participants also completed the Attitude Toward Voice Input Scale developed by the researcher. It includes 21 attitude statements, 11 positively worded and 10 negatively worded. The first hypothesis was not rejected. A student's learning style does not relate to the performance of the student when dictating a paragraph using voice input technology. The second hypothesis was not rejected either. A student's attitude toward voice input technology was not related to learning style. The third hypothesis was also not rejected. A student's learning style, regardless of whether the student had a "high" or "low" attitude toward voice input, was not significantly related to performance in using voice input technology. However, the mean performance scores of individuals with concrete sequential (CS) learning styles with "high" and "low" attitudes did appear to be different. Those with "high" attitudes toward voice input had better performance scores than those with "low" attitudes toward the technology. Ph. D.

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Al-Hail, F. "A comparative study of the use of computer technology in Qatari and British secondary schools : an investigation of pupils' attitudes towards computers." Thesis, Swansea University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.635674.

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This investigation focuses on comparing the use of computers in both Qatari and British secondary schools and evaluating the effect of computers on pupils' attitudes towards computers. It examines the type of modes of computer use that are available in secondary schools alongside with the opinions of teachers about such use in their schools. Pupils' attitudes towards computers, in general, and towards the mode used adopted in their schools, in particular, were examined. The main factors that influence pupils' attitudes towards computers were identified. The researcher had achieved the above by adopting different approaches for the investigation. Those are identified as follows: 1. participant observations were carried in five secondary schools in Qatar and another five in South Wales; 2. a questionnaire were sent to computer teachers in both Qatar and South Wales; 3. a questionnaire was distributed to secondary pupils in Qatar and South Wales; 4. interviews with selected number of pupils in Qatar and South Wales were arranged. The study supports the validity and reliability of attitude research in a cross-cultural context. The overall findings of this study are given below. 1. There are three uses of computers in schools. Those are: learning about computers in computer studies (academic), learning from computers in CAL or IT (cross-curricular) and learning with computers or to be able to use computers in IT (vocational). The findings of the study show that the type of exposure to computers experienced by pupils from the two systems were quite different. The use of computers in the Qatari schools is only in computer studies classes which is associated with 'academic work' not pleasure. Whereas in British schools computers are there as a tool and as an aid and can also be used in a game like manner.

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Mthethwa, Mandlakayise Patrick. "Perceptions and Attitude Toward the Potential use of Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL) in Swaziland: A Case Study." OpenSIUC, 2011. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/549.

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AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF PATRICK M. MTHETHWA, for Master of Arts degree in teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages, presented on May 12, 2011, at Southern Illinois University Carbondale. TITLE: PERCEPTIONS AND ATTITUDE TOWARD THE POTENTIAL USE OF COMPUTER-ASSISTED LANGUAGE LEARNING IN SWAZILAND: A CASE STUDY. MAJOR PROFESSOR(S): Dr. Thomas Thibeault, Dr. Laura Halliday. The study examined pre-service and in-service teachers' perceptions and attitudes toward the potential use of computer-assisted language learning (CALL) in teaching English as a second language in Swaziland. Among other things, the study has been necessitated by the absence of any CALL course in any of the institutions of higher learning, albeit the availability of computers in elementary, secondary, high schools and institutions of higher learning in Swaziland. This study did not only unearth how much the teachers know about computers, but also how prepared they are to use computers in teaching English as a second language. This is the first study, at least to the researcher's knowledge, that has sought to investigate computers and English language teaching in the context of Swaziland. The study is an eye-opener on how these categories of teachers viewed the potential integration of technology into an English language classroom.

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譚翠玲 and Chui-ling Tam. "Students' attitudes towards learning accounting by the use of discussion forum: a case study." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31256466.

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Li, Na. "Toward e-commerce website evaluation and use : a balanced view." Related electronic resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available, full text:, 2008. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.

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Chung, Kon Shing Kenneth. "Understanding Attitudes towards Performance in Knowledge-intensive Work: The Influence of Social Networks and ICT Use." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4018.

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Understanding factors that enhance or diminish performance levels of individuals is instrumental for achieving individual (low level) and organisational (high level) goals. In this study, the effect of social network structure, position, ties and information and communication technologies (ICT) use on performance attitudes of knowledge intensive workers in dispersed occupational communities is investigated. Based on social network theories of strength of weak ties and structural holes, and the social influence model of technology use, a theoretical framework is developed. In conjunction with qualitative interviews conducted with subject matter experts, the framework is used to further develop and refine a valid and reliable survey instrument. Secondly, network measures of degree centrality, density, structural holes (constraint and efficiency), tie strength and tie diversity are applied for exploring the association with ICT use and performance from a sample of 110 rural general practitioners. Empirical results suggest that network structure, position and ties of knowledge workers play a crucial role in individual performance and ICT use. In particular, degree centrality and task-level ICT use was found to be positively associated with performance while ego-network constraint was found to be negatively correlated with performance. In terms of ICT use, functional diversity and degree centrality were positively associated with task-level ICT use whereas ego-network efficiency was found to be negatively correlated with ICT use at the communication-structure level. Among the variables that showed significance, degree centrality best explained overall variance for performance, and functional diversity best explained overall variance for task-level ICT use, although professional accreditations remains a potent indicator also. The results from this study resonate with findings from past literature and extend traditional theory of social networks and performance within the micro level to include geographically dispersed individuals involved in knowledge intensive work. For individuals in such non-competitive settings, traditional network theories such as structural holes theory still apply. However, a key finding is that network structure is a much more potent predictor of performance although network position is important. The second key finding addresses a major gap in the literature concerning understanding social processes that influence ICT use. As the technology acceptance and the social influence models lack empirical evidence from a social networks perspective, this research shows that rather than the strength of ties which functions as a conduit of novel ideas and information, it is the functional tie diversity within individual professionals networks that increase ICT use at the task-level. Methodologically, the study contributes towards a triangulation approach that utilises both qualitative and quantitative methods for operationalising the study. The quantitative method includes a non-traditional “networks” method of data collection and analysis to serve as a fine complement to traditional research methods in behavioural studies. The outcome is a valid and reliable survey instrument that allows collection of both individual attribute and social network data. The instrument is theoretically driven, practically feasible to implement, time-efficient and easily replicable for other similar studies. At the domain level, key findings from this study contradict previous literature which suggests that professionals in occupational communities such as general practitioners decline in performance as they age. In fact, findings from this study suggest that age and experience do not affect for performance; rather, there is a negative relationship between experience and task-level ICT use, and that task-level ICT use is positively associated with performance in terms of attitudes to interpersonal care. Furthermore, degree centrality is also positively associated with professional accreditations, such as fellowship of the Royal Australian College of General Practitioners, which is conducive to performance in terms of attitudes to interpersonal and technical care. The contextual implication from the quantitative and qualitative evidence of this study is that while contemplating strategies for optimising ICT use or for improving attitudes to quality of care at the technical and interpersonal level, the importance of social structure, position and relations in the practitioner’s professional network needs to be considered carefully as part of the overall individual and organisation-level goals.

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Chung, Kon Shing Kenneth. "Understanding Attitudes towards Performance in Knowledge-intensive Work: The Influence of Social Networks and ICT Use." University of Sydney, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4018.

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Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Understanding factors that enhance or diminish performance levels of individuals is instrumental for achieving individual (low level) and organisational (high level) goals. In this study, the effect of social network structure, position, ties and information and communication technologies (ICT) use on performance attitudes of knowledge intensive workers in dispersed occupational communities is investigated. Based on social network theories of strength of weak ties and structural holes, and the social influence model of technology use, a theoretical framework is developed. In conjunction with qualitative interviews conducted with subject matter experts, the framework is used to further develop and refine a valid and reliable survey instrument. Secondly, network measures of degree centrality, density, structural holes (constraint and efficiency), tie strength and tie diversity are applied for exploring the association with ICT use and performance from a sample of 110 rural general practitioners. Empirical results suggest that network structure, position and ties of knowledge workers play a crucial role in individual performance and ICT use. In particular, degree centrality and task-level ICT use was found to be positively associated with performance while ego-network constraint was found to be negatively correlated with performance. In terms of ICT use, functional diversity and degree centrality were positively associated with task-level ICT use whereas ego-network efficiency was found to be negatively correlated with ICT use at the communication-structure level. Among the variables that showed significance, degree centrality best explained overall variance for performance, and functional diversity best explained overall variance for task-level ICT use, although professional accreditations remains a potent indicator also. The results from this study resonate with findings from past literature and extend traditional theory of social networks and performance within the micro level to include geographically dispersed individuals involved in knowledge intensive work. For individuals in such non-competitive settings, traditional network theories such as structural holes theory still apply. However, a key finding is that network structure is a much more potent predictor of performance although network position is important. The second key finding addresses a major gap in the literature concerning understanding social processes that influence ICT use. As the technology acceptance and the social influence models lack empirical evidence from a social networks perspective, this research shows that rather than the strength of ties which functions as a conduit of novel ideas and information, it is the functional tie diversity within individual professionals networks that increase ICT use at the task-level. Methodologically, the study contributes towards a triangulation approach that utilises both qualitative and quantitative methods for operationalising the study. The quantitative method includes a non-traditional “networks” method of data collection and analysis to serve as a fine complement to traditional research methods in behavioural studies. The outcome is a valid and reliable survey instrument that allows collection of both individual attribute and social network data. The instrument is theoretically driven, practically feasible to implement, time-efficient and easily replicable for other similar studies. At the domain level, key findings from this study contradict previous literature which suggests that professionals in occupational communities such as general practitioners decline in performance as they age. In fact, findings from this study suggest that age and experience do not affect for performance; rather, there is a negative relationship between experience and task-level ICT use, and that task-level ICT use is positively associated with performance in terms of attitudes to interpersonal care. Furthermore, degree centrality is also positively associated with professional accreditations, such as fellowship of the Royal Australian College of General Practitioners, which is conducive to performance in terms of attitudes to interpersonal and technical care. The contextual implication from the quantitative and qualitative evidence of this study is that while contemplating strategies for optimising ICT use or for improving attitudes to quality of care at the technical and interpersonal level, the importance of social structure, position and relations in the practitioner’s professional network needs to be considered carefully as part of the overall individual and organisation-level goals.

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Ferdousi, Bilquis J. "A Study of Factors that Affect Instructors' Intention to Use E-Learning Systems in Two-Year College." NSUWorks, 2009. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/148.

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Instructors' use of e-learning systems in higher education institutions is a central concern of researchers, academicians, and practitioners. Higher education institutions are investing substantial resources to incorporate and maintain the infrastructure of e-learning systems; however, instructors' use of e-learning systems in two-year colleges is relatively limited. In this context, the goal of this study was to investigate the factors that may affect instructors' intention to use e-learning systems in two-year colleges. Based on literature review on technology acceptance, this study proposed a theoretical model predicting instructors' intention to use e-learning systems in two-year colleges based on their resistance to change, perceived value of e-learning systems, computer self-efficacy (CSE), and attitude toward e-learning systems. Consequently, this study investigated the effect of four independent variables on the dependent variable, intention to use e-learning systems. A Web-based survey was designed to empirically assess the effect of aforementioned constructs on instructors' intention to use e-learning systems in two-year colleges. The Web-based survey was developed as a multi-item measure using Likert-type scales. Existing validated scales were used to develop the Web-based survey. The target population of this study was instructors of public and private two-year colleges. The sample for this study was 119 (over 41% response rate) full-time, part-time, and adjunct instructors in different academic departments at a two-year college. Two statistical methods were used to formulate and test predictive models: Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) and Ordinal Logistic Regression (OLR). Both MLR and OLR results showed that the theoretical model was able to predict instructors' intention to use e-learning systems. All four independent variables have significant effects on the dependent variable. Results of both analyses were consistent on resistance to change as having the greatest weight on predicting instructors' intention to use e-learning systems, while CSE in both analyses was found to have the least weight. This study contributes to the body of knowledge by providing empirical results for the key constructs that affect two-year college instructors' intention to use e-learning systems. Results of this research may also help IT practitioners to concentrate their efforts on ways to address resistance to change as it was found to be the most significant factor affecting e-learning accepted by two-year college instructors.

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Johnson, Gregory. "Beliefs of Graduate Students About Unstructured Computer Use in Face-to-Face Classes with Internet Access and its Influence on Student Recall." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2009. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2089.

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The use of computers equipped with Internet access by students during face-to-face (F2F) class sessions is perceived as academically beneficial by a growing number of students and faculty members in universities across the United States. Nevertheless, some researchers suggest unstructured computer use detached from the immediate class content may negatively influence student participation, increase distraction levels, minimize recall of recently presented information, and decrease student engagement. This study investigates graduate students' beliefs about computer use with Internet access during graduate face-to-face lecture classes in which computer use is neither mandated nor integrated in the class and the effect of such use on student recall. Methods include a 44-item questionnaire to investigate graduate students' beliefs about computers and two experiments to investigate the influence of computer use during a lecture on students' memory recall. One experimental group (open laptop) used computers during a lecture while the other (closed laptop) did not. Both groups were given the same memory recall test after the lectures, and the resulting scores were analyzed. Two weeks later, a second phase of the experiment was implemented in which laptop groups were reversed. Results from the first experiment indicated no statistically significant difference in recall scores between the open laptop group (M = 54.90, SD = 19.65) and the closed laptop group (M = 42.86, SD = 16.68); t (29) = -1.82, p = .08 (two tailed). Conversely, the second experiment revealed statistically significant differences in scores between the open laptop (M = 39.67, SD = 15.97) and the closed laptop group (M = 59.29, SD = 26.88); t (20.89) = 2.37, p = .03 (two tailed). The magnitude of the difference in mean scores (mean difference = 19.62, 95% CI: 2.39 to 36.85) was large (eta squared = 0.17). Multiple regression analysis suggests two factors accounted for 10% of the variance in recall scores: (1) students' beliefs about distractions from computer use, and (2) beliefs about the influence of computer use on memory recall. Based on survey findings, participants (N=116) viewed computers and Internet access in graduate classes as helpful academic tools, but distractions from computer use were major sources of concern for students who used computers in graduate classes and those who did not. Additionally, participants believed academic productivity would increase if instructors integrated computer use appropriately in the curricula. Results of the survey and experiments suggest unstructured computer use with Internet access in the graduate classroom is strongly correlated with increased student distractions and decreased memory recall. Thus, restricting unstructured computer use is likely to increase existing memory recall levels, and increasing unstructured computer use is likely to reduce memory recall. Recommendations include changes in the way students use computers, pedagogical shifts, computer integration strategies, modified seating arrangements, increased accountability, and improved interaction between instructors and students. Ph.D. Department of Educational Research, Technology and Leadership Education Education PhD

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Kunkle, Carol J. "Identifying and relating nurses' attitudes toward computer use." Virtual Press, 1995. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/958788.

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Computerization is changing how hospitals do business as well as how nursing is practiced. Use of computer applications depends on the attitudes and motivation nurses have about computers.The purpose of this replication study is to examine relationships between nurses' attitudes toward computer use satisfaction, beliefs, and motivation. This study used an adaptation of Vroom's expectancy theory as a framework to identify and relate nurses' attitudes and identify variables that may relate with computer use.An instrument developed by Burkes (1991), the Nurses' Computer Use Attitude Questionnaire was used to measure nurses' attitudes toward computer usage. This includes satisfaction, beliefs, and motivation.The convenience sample included 101 (67%) nurses from three rural hospitals who agreed to participate in the study. Confidentiality was maintained, and only group data was reported.Findings in this study support Vroom's theory that there is a relationship between beliefs and motivation, between satisfaction and motivation, and between beliefs and motivation. Findings in this study were the longer the nurses duration of computer experience the more satisfied they were with using them. Age and level of nursing experience did not determine satisfaction, beliefs or motivation to use computer applications. Conclusions from this study were that knowledge levels can vary in regard to use. In this study the Beliefs subscale accounted for 46% of the variance in predicating motivation. Therefore what one comes to expect or believe will be a factor in how much effort is put into behavior changes.Further research should try to determine what if any demographic information is consistently a predictor of attitudes scores. This information could be helpful in enhancing the chances for successful implementation and utilization of computers. There should also be research in the variables that impact attitudes of nurses toward utilization of computers.This study is significant because findings will provide information about attitudes and usage of computers in rural hospitals. If attitudes are recognized, attitudes can be improved and better utilization will follow. School of Nursing

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Marks, Steven Adam. "Nurses' attitudes toward computer use for point-of-care charting." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2001. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2006.

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Campbell, Sandy J. "Identifying and relating nurses' attitudes toward computer use : a modified replication." Virtual Press, 1999. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1136698.

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In an age of scarce resources and health care reform, it is important that computerized health care information systems be used effectively. The efficiency and effectiveness of computer applications in hospitals depends on the knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, and motivation nurses have about use of computers. The purpose of this correlational study is to examine relationships among nurses' attitudes toward computer use with knowledge, satisfaction, beliefs, motivation, and individual characteristics. The study was a modified replication study (Burkes, 1991) using Vroom's (1964) expectancy theory as a framework. Burkes (1991) developed the instrument used in this study to measure nurses' attitudes toward computer usage knowledge, satisfaction, beliefs, and motivation. Demographic data will also be collected.The convenience sample included 66 nurses from one Midwestern Indiana hospital who agreed to participate in this study. Confidentiality was maintained and only group data was reported. Participation was anonymous and voluntary.Findings in this study support Vroom's theory that there is a relationship between beliefs and motivation, between satisfaction and motivation, and between beliefs and motivation. Age, level of nursing experience and level of education did not determine satisfaction, beliefs or motivation to use computer applications. Conclusions from this study were that knowledge levels can vary in regard to use. However, computer knowledge did increase computer-use beliefs. The study indicated the amount of knowledge may increase beliefs and effect computer use attitudes.Further research should try to determine if any demographic information is consistently a predictor of attitudes scores. This information could be helpful in enhancing a successful implementation and utilization of computer systems. There should be research in the variables that impact attitudes of nurses toward utilization of computers.This study is significant because findings will provide information about attitudes and usage of computers in areas of nursing practices. Benefits include increased information about nurses' attitudes regarding computers and variables that may relate to computer use. The usefulness of measuring beliefs, satisfaction and motivation has a practical value in assessment of attitudes to assist educators and organization to meet nurses' needs in settings where computerized nursing programs are utilized. This information may be used in developing teaching strategies for nurses' use of computers in these settings. School of Nursing

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Thaipakdee, Supaporn. "Relationships Among Writing Quality, Attitudes Toward Writing, and Attitudes Toward Computers in a Computer-Mediated Technical Writing Class for English as a Foreign Language Students." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1992. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278582/.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of word processor use by foreign college writers and their attitudes toward writing, writing revision practices, writing quality, attitudes toward the use of computers, and time spent on computers. The results indicate that students' attitudes toward writing and their perceptions of computer usefulness significantly affected their writing quality. Students with more positive attitudes toward writing and the usefulness of computers tended to produce better quality writing. In addition, the findings indicate that students' writing revision practices significantly affected their attitudes toward writing. Students who revised their writing more frequently tended to have better attitudes toward writing than those who did not. In contrast, students' levels of computer anxiety, computer confidence, computer liking and their writing revision practices did not significantly affect the quality of their writing. Furthermore, the amount of time that students spent on computers did not significantly affect their attitudes toward using computers in writing.

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Tobias, Renee. "Attitudes of Inmates Toward The Use of Computer In Tennessee Correctional Institutions." NSUWorks, 1993. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/883.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate inmates ' attitudes toward computers at the Tennessee Correctional institutions. Specific attention was given to the relationship between attitudes and gender, race, age, education and prior computer experience. The instrument used in this study, the Computer Attitudes Scale (Loyd and Gressard, 1984), consisted of 40 items organized into four subscales (anxiety, confidence, liking, and usefulness). The subjects were 188 inmates from correctional institutions in the State of Tennessee. The inmates in the control group were randomly selected through cluster sampling by the individual teacher of each correctional site. There were 94 inmates enrolled in a computer class at the four sites in the fall of 1992. The researcher had a 100% return rate. The number of surveys administered to the control group were given to equally match the number of surveys returned from the experimental group. The data were tabulated and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). Data related to the following variables: gender, race, age, education, and experience were analyzed using a Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA). The results of data analysis revealed the following: There was a statistically significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in their Attitude Difference Score (ADS) in terms of computer anxiety. There was no statistically significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in their ADS in terms of computer confidence, computer liking, and computer usefulness. Gender, race, age, and education was not found to be significantly related to changes in attitudes toward computers. Prior computer experience appeared to make a statistically significant difference in inmates' attitudes toward computers. Word Processing was the most popular course taken and the IBM computer was the most widely utilized.

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Almahboub, Shafi Fahad. "Attitudes Toward Computer Use and Gender Differences Among Kuwaiti Sixth-Grade Students." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2000. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2663/.

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Because computer use become more and more important in the educational environment, the attitudes of students toward computer may play an important role in their learning success. This study investigated the attitudes toward computers and gender differences of sixth-grade Kuwaiti students and examined the relationships between students attitudes toward computers and school, motivation/persistence, study habits, empathy, creative tendencies, and achievement in the Informatics field. The Computer Attitude Questionnaire (CAQ), translated from the English into Arabic Language for this study, was originally developed by Knezek and Miyashita for the Texas Center for Educational Technology (University of North Texas). The CAQ was administered to a random cluster sample of 10 public middle schools: (5 boys and 5 girls schools), with a total of 562 students, (265 boys and 297 girls), in the State of Kuwait during the academic year 1999-2000. The pilot test was conducted to calculate the reliability with Cronbachs alpha = .87 for the CAQ Arabic version. This study found positive attitudes toward computer use (mean = 3.31 on 4-point Likert-scale); however, girls had significantly more positive attitudes toward computers (mean = 3.36) than did boys (mean = 3.26). It also found statistically significant correlations between attitudes toward computers and school (r. = .149), motivation/persistence (r. = .459), study habits (r. = .371), empathy (r. = .308), creative tendencies (r. = .530), and achievement in the Informatics field (r. = .201). A statistically significant gender difference was found in the correlations between attitudes toward computers and empathy. Girls had a stronger correlation (r. = .405) than boys (r. = .215). This study also found that students who use computers at home (mean = 3.40) have more positive attitudes toward computers than did students who do not (mean = 3.22). The main conclusion of the current study is that students like to use computers, therefore, the researcher suggests that computer should be introduced for the students in the classrooms environment and to be integrated into the curriculum of all subject areas.

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Miyashita, Keiko. "Influence of Computer Use on Attitudes Toward Computers, Motivation to Study, Empathy, and Creativity Among Japanese First- and Second-Grade Children." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1991. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332523/.

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This study investigated the changes in attitudes of Japanese first and second grade children who were exposed to microcomputers in school. Eight hundred and three first-and second-grade children were selected from six Japanese public schools. Approximately half of the subjects were selected from urban, suburban, and rural schools using computers, while the remaining subjects were from schools not using computers. The Young Children's Computer Inventory was the instrument used for this study. It was derived from a questionnaire originally developed at the Tokyo Institute of Technology, and contained four subscales: Attitudes Toward Computers, Motivation to Study, Empathy, and Creativity. A Japanese language version of the questionnaire was mailed to the principal of each school, where teachers distributed the questionnaires.for the subjects to complete with their parents at home. Ninety-one percent of the students returned completed questionnaires. Demographic information was also collected for each classroom.

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SHIVERDECKER, TERESA A. "OHIO SCIENCE TEACHER'S PERCEPTIONS OF FACTORS RELATED TO IMPLEMENTING COMPUTERS FOR INSTRUCTIONAL USE." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1029356497.

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Boitnott, Kitty J. "Comparisons of Attitudes Toward Computer Use and Computer Technology Based on Gender and Race/Ethnicity Among Eighth Graders." VCU Scholars Compass, 2007. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1081.

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The purpose of this study is to determine whether or not having a laptop computer for individual use 24-hours-a-day, seven-days-a-week lessens differences between how eighth grade girls and eighth grade boys in 10 middle schools in HenricoCounty, Virginia perceive computer use and computer technology. Having a laptop computer to use at any time of the day or night eliminates the issue of competition between boys and girls for computer use. It also eliminates the need for either girls or boys to perform in front of other students while learning, thus lessening to some degree, feelings of computer anxiety. Competition for computer access and computer anxiety are two theories that have been offered to explain why many young women in previous studies have chosen not to use computers to the same extent that young men do, as well as why many young women generally do not consider computer-related careers as career options in their futures. A modified Computer Attitude Questionnaire, based upon the CAQ, Version 5.14 was used to survey eighth grade girls and boys in 10 Henrico County middle schools. Data collected from the surveys were analyzed using the statistical package, SPSS 14 for Windows. Comparisons were based on gender and on the self-reported race/ethnicity of the participants. A comparison of attitudes related to the number of computers already in the home in addition to the school-issued laptop was also conducted. A variety of statistical analyses were used in order to determine differences in attitudes between the boys and girls surveyed and the interactions between the attitudes of the respondents and their race/ethnicity. This was a non-experimental, quantitative, comparative research study.

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Gottleber, Timothy Theodore. "The Association between Attitudes toward Computers and Understanding of Ethical Issues Affecting Their Use." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1992. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc277720/.

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This study examines the association between the attitudes of students toward computers and their knowledge of the ethical uses of computers. The focus for this research was undergraduate students in the Colleges of Arts and Sciences (Department of Computer Science), Business and Education at the University of North Texas in Denton, Texas.

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Pajunen, Mihkel. "An Evaluation of User Attitudes Towards Anonymity in Bitcoin." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-14120.

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Bitcoin has emerged as the leading cryptographic currency since its inception in 2009 and at the time of writing holds a market capitalization of $28.4 billion. This ever-increasing figure has attracted adopters seeking to advance their investments, often leaving purely technical aspects on the sidelines. As is the case with any innovative technology, misconceptions are plentiful and information is not always conclusive. The research effort presented in this paper consists of a quantitative study seeking to address the subject of user anonymity in the Bitcoin network by employing an online survey on one of the most prominent Bitcoin forums. This includes 50 eligible participants, whose motivation is derived through the application of temporal motivation theory. The survey seeks to form an understanding of user attitudes towards the aspect of anonymity by following a methodological approach for exploring common tendencies among the representatives and will serve as the underlying data set from which conclusions can be drawn. Furthermore, this paper will present a literary study of the actual state of anonymity in this peer-to-peer technology by reviewing current findings highlighted in the area, thus presenting a comprehensive view of anonymity in the Bitcoin network, which will contrast the user study.

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Robinson, Ashley Renee. "The Attitudes of African American Middle School Girls Toward Computer Science: Influences of Home, School, and Technology Use." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/52277.

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The number of women in computing is significantly low compared to the number of men in the discipline, with African American women making up an even smaller segment of this population. Related literature accredits this phenomenon to multiple sources, including background, stereotypes, discrimination, self-confidence, and a lack of self-efficacy or belief in one's capabilities. However, a majority of the literature fails to represent African American females in research studies. This research used a mixed methods approach to understand the attitudes of African American middle school girls toward computer science and investigated the factors that influence these attitudes. Since women who do pursue computing degrees and continue with graduate education often publish in Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) in greater proportions than men, this research used an intervention to introduce African American middle school girls to computational thinking concepts using HCI topics. To expand the scope of the data collected, a separate group of girls were introduced to computational thinking concepts through Algorithms. Data were collected through both quantitative and qualitative sources, and analyzed using inferential statistics and content analysis. The results show that African American middle school girls generally have negative attitudes toward computer science. However, after participating in a computer science intervention, perceptions toward computer science become more positive. The results also reveal that four factors influence the attitudes of African American middle school girls toward computer science, such as the participation in an intervention, the intervention content domain, the facilitation of performance accomplishments, and participant characteristics like socioeconomic status, mother's education, school grades, and the use of smart phones and video game consoles at home. Ph. D.

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Aagard, S. D. "Generational characteristics and attitudes toward computer and internet use a survey of older adults in the Rocky Mountain region /." Laramie, Wyo. : [University of Wyoming], 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1225134611&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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van, Vliet Esther. "Condoms and Healthcare professionals : Risk-behavior and attitudes towards condom use." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Psykologi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-6310.

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Alarming S.T.I’s percentages and low condom use motivated this research. Healthcare professional’s risk-behavior and attitudes towards risk-behavior were reviewed. Three hypotheses, aimed to test whether healthcare professionals working with S.T.I’s should have a different attitude, knowledge and behavior to condom use compared to healthcare professionals that did not work with S.T.I’s. Ninety-five participants working at a hospital in middle-Sweden answered a questionnaire, based on the Swedish UNGKAB09 research. Mann-Whitney analyses showed no significant difference between the two groups on knowledge, attitude and behavior. A high percentage of steady relationships, high homogeneity between groups as well the same attitudes and intentions could have been a reliability problem. The collected data was however interesting as a base for further research

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Al-Saud, Afra T. J. "Sex differences in attitude towards mathematics: an investigation in Iraqi secondary schools." Thesis, Aston University, 1985. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/10627/.

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Kazemi, Ali. "Prediction of the Attitude towards Drug Use based on Assertiveness and Psychological Hardiness." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670586.

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Antecedents: Una de les estratègies més importants per a prevenir l’addicció és el desenvolupament d’actituds desfavorables cap al consum de drogues. Múltiples recerques han posat de manifest que les actituds modulen els comportaments i en concret, sabem que poden actuar com un factor de risc o protecció cap al consum de substàncies. Les actituds al seu torn, es veuen influenciades per diferents variables i en aquesta recerca ens centrarem a analitzar en quina mesura es veuen influenciades per l’assertivitat i la fortalesa psicològica. L’objectiu d’aquesta recerca va ser predir l’actitud vers al consum de substàncies sobre la base de les característiques d’assertivitat i fortalesa psicològica. Plantegem com a hipòtesi que la major assertivitat i fortalesa psicològica afavoreixen una actitud negativa vers al consum de drogues. Metodologia: Es presenta una recerca amb disseny observacional, descriptiu i relacional de tall transversal. La mostra de participants és de conveniència i està formada per 200 pacients que reben tractament per trastorns per ús de substància, en 8 centres especialitzats en addiccions de Teheran. Comptem amb 138 homes (69,2%) i 62 dones (30,8%), amb una edat entre 20 i 40 anys (M=32,50 i DE= .94). La mitjana d’anys de consum és de 3,14 (DE= .98), sent l’opi la droga principal de consum en el 40,20%, seguida de les metamfetamines o “”crystal”” (15,16%), el crack (9%) i l’heroïna (8%). L’actitud, com a variable criteri, s’avalua amb el Qüestionari d’actitud de Nazari. L’assertivitat i la fortalesa psicològica, com a variables predictives, s’avaluen respectivament amb l’Inventari d’Assertivitat de Gambrill i Richey i el Qüestionari de fortalesa de Barton. Les anàlisis inclouen estadístics descriptius, anàlisis de correlació de Pearson, anàlisi de la variància i de regressió múltiple, amb SPSS. Resultats: La mostra està formada majoritàriament per homes (69,2%; n=138), joves entre 20 i 30 anys (65,8%; n=132), amb nivells de formació secundària o inferior (67,2%; n=136), casats (48%; n=96) o divorciats (18%; n=36), de classe social baixa (46%; n=82) i mitjana (35%; n=70) i majoritàriament amb ocupació (68%; n=136). La principal droga de consum en homes i dones és l’opi (40,2%; n=80) i el glass (15,16%; n=30). Els homes consumeixen en major proporció heroïna (9,42%), crack (12,32%) i haixix 86,52%). S’observa que en els nivells de formació de grau universitaris es consumeix en major percentatge el crack, haixix i èxtasi. A menor nivell de formació major percentatge de consumidors d’opi, glass i heroïna. En les variables psicològiques estudiades d’actitud, fortalesa psicològica i assertivitat no s’observen diferències significatives respecte al conjunt de variables del perfil psicosocial i clínic. Tan sols es detecta una diferència significativa en la mostra, sent l’actitud cap al consum de drogues més favorable en classes socials baixes. Els resultats van mostrar que existeix una relació negativa i significativa entre la fortalesa psicològica i l’actitud cap al consum de drogues (-.709), i igualment entre assertivitat i actitud cap al consum de drogues (-.791). Els resultats indiquen que l’assertivitat, amb coeficient estàndard - 0,650, i la fortalesa psicològica, amb coeficient estàndard - 0,381, són predictors significatius de l’actitud cap al consum de drogues. Conclusions: Les variables psicològiques de fortalesa i assertivitat prediuen en un 65% l’actitud vers al consum de drogues. Aquests resultats tenen implicacions majoritàriament en l’àmbit de la prevenció primària. Antecedentes: Una de las estrategias más importantes para prevenir la adicción es el desarrollo de actitudes desfavorables hacia el consumo de drogas. Múltiples investigaciones han puesto de manifiesto que las actitudes modulan los comportamientos y en concreto, sabemos que pueden actuar como un factor de riesgo o protección hacia el consumo de sustancias. Las actitudes a su vez, se ven influenciadas por diferentes variables y en esta investigación nos centraremos en analizar en qué medida se ven influenciadas por la asertividad y la fortaleza psicológica. El objetivo de esta investigación fue predecir la actitud hacia el consumo de sustancias en base a las características de asertividad y fortaleza psicológica. Planteamos como hipótesis que la mayor asertividad y fortaleza psicológica favorecen una actitud negativa hacia el consumo de drogas. Metodología: Se presenta una investigación con diseño observacional, descriptivo y relacional de corte transversal. La muestra de participantes es de conveniencia y está formada por 200 pacientes que reciben tratamiento por trastornos por uso de sustancia, en 8 centros especializados en adicciones de Teherán. Contamos con 138 hombres (69,2%) y 62 mujeres (30,8%), con una edad entre 20 y 40 años (M=32,50 y DE= .94). La media de años de consumo es de 3,14 (DE= .98), siendo el opio la droga principal de consumo en el 40,20%, seguida de la metanfetaminas o “crystal” (15,16%), el crack (9%) y la heroína (8%). La actitud, como variable criterio, se evalúa con el Cuestionario de actitud de Nazari. La asertividad y la fortaleza psicológica, como variables predictivas, se evalúan respectivamente con el Inventario de Asertividad de Gambrill y Richey y el Cuestionario de fortaleza de Barton. Los análisis incluyen estadísticos descriptivos, análisis de correlación de Pearson, análisis de la variancia y de regresión múltiple, con SPSS. Resultados: La muestra está formada mayoritariamente por hombres (69,2%; n=138), jóvenes entre 20 y 30 años (65,8%; n=132), con niveles de formación secundaria o inferior (67,2%; n=136), casados (48%; n=96) o divorciados (18%; n=36), de clase social baja (46%; n=82) y media (35%; n=70) y mayoritariamente con empleo (68%; n=136). La principal droga de consumo en hombres y mujeres es el opio (40,2%; n=80) y el glass (15,16%; n=30). Los hombres consumen en mayor proporción heroína (9,42%), crack (12,32%) y hachís 86,52%). Se observa que en los niveles de formación de grado universitarios se consume en mayor porcentaje el crack, hachís y éxtasis. A menor nivel de formación mayor porcentaje de consumidores de opio, glass y heroína. En las variables psicológicas estudiadas de actitud, fortaleza psicológica y asertividad no se observan diferencias significativas respecto al conjunto de variables del perfil psicosocial y clínico. Tan solo se detecta una diferencia significativa en la muestra, siendo la actitud hacia el consumo de drogas más favorable en clases sociales bajas. Los resultados mostraron que existe una relación negativa y significativa entre la fortaleza psicológica y la actitud hacia el consumo de drogas (-.709**), e igualmente entre asertividad y actitud hacia el consumo de drogas (-.791**). Los resultados indican que la asertividad, con coeficiente estándar - 0,650, y la fortaleza psicológica, con coeficiente estándar - 0,381, son predictores significativos de la actitud hacia el consumo de drogas. Conclusiones: Las variables psicológicas de fortaleza y asertividad predicen en un 65% la actitud hacia el consumo de drogas. Estos resultados tienen implicaciones mayoritariamente en el ámbito de la prevención primaria. Background: One of the most important strategies to prevent addiction is the development of unfavourable attitudes towards drug use. Multiple investigations have shown that attitudes modulate behaviours and specifically, we know that they can act as a risk factor or protection towards substance use. Attitudes, in turn, are influenced by different variables and in this research we will focus on analysing to what extent they are influenced by the assertiveness and psychological hardiness. The objective of this research was to predict the attitude towards substance use based on the characteristics of assertiveness and psychological hardiness. We hypothesized that both assertiveness and psychological hardiness favour a negative attitude towards drug use. Methodology: An investigation with observational, descriptive and relational design of cross section is presented. The sample of participants is of convenience and is made up of 200 patients receiving treatment for substance use disorders, in 8 specialized addiction centres in Tehran. We have 138 men (69.2%) and 62 women (30.8%), with an age between 20 and 40 years (M=32, 50 and SD= .94). The mean number of years of consumption is 3.14 (SD= .98), with opium being the main drug of consumption in 40.20%, followed by methamphetamines or “crystal” (15.16%), the crack (9%) and heroin (8%). Attitude, as a criterion variable, is evaluated with the Nazari Attitude Questionnaire. Assertiveness and psychological hardiness, as predictive variables, are evaluated respectively with the Gambrill and Richey Assertiveness Inventory and the Barton hardiness Questionnaire. The analyses include descriptive statistics of the sample profile, Pearson correlation analysis, analysis of variance and multiple regression analysis, with the SPSS program. Results: The sample is formed mainly by men (69.2%; n = 138), young people between 20 and 30 years old (65.8%; n = 132), with secondary or lower levels of education (67.2%; n = 136), married (48%; n = 96) or divorced (185; n = 36), of low social class (46%; n = 82) and middle (35%; n = 70) and mostly with employment (68 %; n = 136). The main drug of use in men and women is opium (40.2%; n = 80) and glass (15.16%; n = 30). Men consume heroin (9.42%), crack (12.32%) and hashish 86.52%) in a higher proportion. It is observed that crack, hashish and ecstasy are consumed in a higher percentage in university degree training levels. The lower the level of training, the higher the percentage of opium, glass and heroin consumers. In the studied psychological variables of attitude, psychological hardiness and assertiveness, no significant differences were observed with respect to the set of variables of the psychosocial and clinical profile. Only a significant difference was detected in the sample, with the attitude towards drug consumption being more favourable in lower social classes. The results showed that there is a negative and significant relationship between psychological hardiness and attitude towards drug use (-.709 **), and also between assertiveness and attitude towards drug use (-.791 **). The results indicate that assertiveness, with a standard coefficient - 0.650, and psychological hardiness, with a standard coefficient - 0.381, are significant predictors of attitude towards drug use. Conclusions: The psychological variables of hardiness and assertiveness predict 65% the attitude towards drug use. These results have mostly implications in the field of primary prevention.

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Eriksson, Hanna, and Emelie Parflo. "Mobile application onboarding processes effect on user attitude towards continued use of applications." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Datateknik och informatik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-45721.

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The growing popularity of smartphones in recent years has led to an increase in mobile application development and use. However, a large number of mobile applications are only used once before being removed. For companies and organizations to spend time and money on application development only to achieve low user retention rates is unsustainable. During their first interaction with a mobile application it is crucial that users find functionality and value quickly to avoid discontinuation of use. User onboarding is often implemented in mobile applications to aid in first time interaction, making onboarding processes subject of investigation for effect on user attitude towards continued use of mobile applications. The study examined mobile onboarding processes and their effect on user attitude towards continued use of applications as well as the difference between onboarding processes effect on user attitude towards continued use of applications. The study was conducted within-subjects through a survey consisting of interaction with two prototypes with different onboarding processes and a questionnaire based on the technology acceptance model in order to investigate the variables of interest. The results of the survey were analyzed to measure the effects of the onboarding processes on the factors of the technology acceptance model and to investigate the differences between the onboarding processes. The results showed that user onboarding has a positive influence on perceived usefulness, attitude towards use and intention to use. There was no significant difference between the different types of onboarding patterns effect on attitude towards continued use. The positive effects on attitude and intention to use confirmed that implementing onboarding processes in mobile applications could be beneficial for value proposition and user retention. The perceived usefulness proved to be the determining factor on attitude and intention to use.

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Howard, Peter T., of Western Sydney Nepean University, and Faculty of Education. "Primary teacher's attitudes toward the student use of calculators in primary (kindergarten-year 6) mathematics classes." THESIS_FE_XXX_Howard_P.xml, 1991. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/133.

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The last fifteen years has seen an increase in the availability of calculators for use by schools and students. Educational authorities in Australia, the United States of America and the United Kingdom have come to recommend the student use of calculators from Kindergarten upwards. This recommendation has attracted continuing controversy, specifically regarding the use of, calculators in primary schools. Such controversy prompts an important question: What views do primary teachers themselves hold on this issue? This report examined the findings of a study into primary teachers' present attitudes toward the student use of calculators in primary mathematics classes. Data were collected from a questionnaire administered during 1990 to a sample of teachers undertaking their fourth year of study for a Bachelor of Education (Primary) at three university campuses in New South Wales, Australia. Those teachers who supported the primary student use of calculators believed that calculators are a technological tool for use in mathematics, that they increase childrens' confidence, they take the focus off computation in doing problems and that children use them outside the classroom. It was found that of these teachers, 55% supported the introduction of calculators before the end of Year 2. A total of 4% did not support their use at all in primary mathematics classes. This study concluded that there was not overall support from primary teachers for the introduction of the calculator into Kindergarten as recommended in the National Statement on the use of Calculators for Mathematics in Australian Schools Master of Education

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Kalyani, Yogesh. "Towards the use of mobile agents for privacy negotiation." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27379.

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With the increase in popularity of e-Commerce, concern for privacy has also increased. Users are becoming increasingly concerned about what personal information they could reveal when they go online. Currently, an e-Commerce Website does not provide full support to conduct negotiations concerning personal information between a user and a Web site. A user has to comply with the privacy policy specified on the Web site and has two choices: either they abandon the transaction or accept the privacy practices of the host. The Platform for Privacy Preferences (P3P) [16] specification, a W3C standard, enables Web sites to specify their privacy practices in a standardized manner. The presence of P3P policies enables users to configure their Web browsers to constrain what they can and cannot do when visiting sites. However, one major limitation of P3P is that no support is given within the specification for negotiation of privacy preferences between a user and a Web site. As e-Commerce is growing, a proper negotiation mechanism should be in place to enhance user control over personal information, so users can decide what personal information they wish to release to the Web site. This thesis proposes a novel mechanism to address this limitation, focusing on the use of mobile agents with a web ontology language (OWL) for privacy negotiation. Thus far in the literature there appears to be no working mobile agent mechanism that does privacy policy negotiation, particularly in the context of P3P. The architecture proposed here explicitly incorporates the concept of variable end-user requirements with respect to privacy. It is designed keeping in mind a negotiation scenario where the user device has limited resources (i.e., poor connectivity) and cannot negotiate directly with desired Web sites, but, obviously, less constrained user devices may also benefit from this work. Despite the advantages of a mobile-agent-based architecture, there are several issues which hinder the deployment of mobile agents in real life scenarios. Two major security concerns associated with a mobile agent paradigm are malicious agents and malicious hosts. In this thesis, malicious host concerns have been addressed by proposing a Trace Based protocol. This protocol is designed keeping in mind the desired security properties required, and also considering other factors like resource constrained devices and bandwidth preservation.

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Jawla, Muhammed, Folawiyo S. Olanrewaju, and Megan Quinn. "Factors Influencing Attitude Towards The Use of Mosquito Nets in Households in The Gambia." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2019/schedule/38.

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Malaria is caused by Plasmodium parasites, which are transmitted via the bite of infected female anopheles mosquitoes. There were 217 million cases of malaria worldwide, and about 435,000 malaria related deaths in 2017. WHO Africa region accounted for 92% and 93% of malaria cases and deaths worldwide. According to The Gambia National Malaria Strategic Plan 2013-2020, malaria is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to identify factors influencing attitude towards the use of mosquito nets in households in The Gambia using Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data. The current study is a secondary data analysis with a, cross-sectional study design. The source of the data for this study is the DHS, which was conducted by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) together with the Gambia Bureau of Statistics (GBOS) in 2013. The study sample is representative of The Gambian population. The sample size for the study was 5276 subjects. Statistical Analysis System (SAS 9.3) was used for data analysis. Descriptive statistics were generated for the factors been tested. These included area of residence, presence of electricity, indoor residual spraying, highest level of education and wealth index. The outcome variable measured was household use of mosquito nets (Yes/No). Logistic regression analysis was done to determine whether area of residence, wealth index, education level, presence of electricity and indoor residual spraying influence attitude towards use of mosquito nets in households. Stepwise binary logistic regression was used to determine the final model with the most significant predictors. Odds ratios and corresponding confidence intervals were reported. Most of the study participants were poor (46%). Those with no education made up 45.5% of the study population and 58% of dwellings had no indoor residual spraying done in the past year. 76.6% and 59.1% of respondents lived in households that had at least one mosquito net and no electricity supply, respectively. 50.6% of the respondents resided in rural areas. Logistic regression analysis showed that wealth index, indoor residual spraying and area of residence were significant factors (p<0.05) influencing attitude towards use of mosquito nets in households. Indoor residual spraying (OR=2.00; 95% C.I. 1.71-2.36), primary school education (OR=1.1; 95% C.I. 0.94-1.32), middle class wealth index (OR=1.32; 95% C.I. 1.05-1.67) and rural residence (OR=1.29; 95% C.I. 1.01-1.64) are all independent factors that increased likelihood of mosquito net usage in households. Identifying factors that influence the usage of mosquito nets in households, can be useful in developing target interventions to further reduce malaria morbidity and mortality in The Gambia. Knowledge from this study can be used to further strengthen the national malaria strategic plan. To further establish causality and increase strength of association between factors and outcome, a case control or cohort study design will be needed, since that is one of the limitations of a cross sectional study.

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Blankenship, Strader E. "Factors Related to Computer Use by Teachers in Classroom Instruction." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30432.

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The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which the following factors predict computer use by teachers in classroom instruction: attitudes of teachers toward computers in the classroom, access by teachers and students to computers, training of teachers in computer use, support of teachers in their use of computers, age of the teacher, grade level in which the teacher teaches, curriculum area in which the teacher teaches, gender of the teacher, and number of years the teacher is from retirement. Computer use was measured in five ways: over-all computer use and use in drill and practice, whole class instruction, student-directed learning, and computer skills instruction. The design of the study was both quantitative and qualitative. The population of the study was the classroom teachers of Carroll County (Virginia) Public Schools. A survey instrument was designed to measure computer use and the factors related to use. The responses from the survey were analyzed with multiple regression techniques to determine which factors were predictors of computer use by teachers in classroom instruction. The qualitative portion of the study consisted of five focus groups (5-7 teachers from grades PreK-2, 3-5, 6-7, 8-9, 10-12). The nominal group technique was used to create a prioritized list of strategies to improve teacher use of computers by focusing on the factors determined to be predictors. Factors that predict computer use varied by grade level. Training was the most common predictor followed by attitude, support, access, and age of teacher. The prioritized lists of strategies from the focus groups included grade and curriculum specific computer training, technology "coaches" in every building, and computer labs in every building. A major implication of the study was that training must be specifically targeted to grade level and curriculum area to be effective. Ed. D.

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Robinson, Heather. "THE USE OF SCIENCE REFORM INSTRUCTIONAL METHODS AND THEIR EFFECT ON 3RD GRADE STUDENTS' PARTICIPATION AND ATTITUDE TOWARDS S." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2007. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3871.

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The purpose of this research study was to determine whether the use of science reform instructional methods had an effect on student participation in and attitudes towards science education. The participants in this 12 week study were third grade students. Data were collected using a pre and post attitudinal survey, student journals, a participation log, and a researcher reflection journal. Several conclusions were made. The use of science reform instructional methods did affect student participation and attitudes towards science. Student journals indicated that students enjoyed the use of technology, hands-on science equipment, working in pairs or small groups and the opportunity to share their ideas and learn from their classmates. This study does lend itself to additional research. Due to the small sample size, the shortened time for research, and the population, these research questions should be investigated with another group of students in order to make more definitive decisions regarding the methods to use in their classroom. If the research is conducted again using a different group of students, a larger population will be needed, as well as a lengthened period for research. M.Ed. Department of Teaching and Learning Principles Education K-8 Math and Science MEd

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Khasawneh, Saleh M. "Information Technology in a Developing Country: An Exploration of the Factors Associated With Attitudes of Decision Makers in Jordanian Government Institutions Toward the Utilization of Computer-Based Technology." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1271359610.

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Friedman, Brandon. "A study of South African computer usersʹ password usage habits and attitude towards password security". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013003.

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The challenge of having to create and remember a secure password for each user account has become a problem for many computer users and can lead to bad password management practices. Simpler and less secure passwords are often selected and are regularly reused across multiple user accounts. Computer users within corporations and institutions are subject to password policies, policies which require users to create passwords of a specified length and composition and change passwords regularly. These policies often prevent users from reusing previous selected passwords. Security vendors and professionals have sought to improve or even replace password authentication. Technologies such as multi-factor authentication and single sign-on have been developed to complement or even replace password authentication. The objective of the study was to investigate the password habits of South African computer and internet users. The aim was to assess their attitudes toward password security, to determine whether password policies affect the manner in which they manage their passwords and to investigate their exposure to alternate authentication technologies. The results from the online survey demonstrated that password practices of the participants across their professional and personal contexts were generally insecure. Participants often used shorter, simpler and ultimately less secure passwords. Participants would try to memorise all of their passwords or reuse the same password on most of their accounts. Many participants had not received any security awareness training, and additional security technologies (such as multi-factor authentication or password managers) were seldom used or provided to them. The password policies encountered by the participants in their organisations did little towards encouraging the users to apply more secure password practices. Users lack the knowledge and understanding about password security as they had received little or no training pertaining to it.

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Stephen, Tracey. "Effect of exposure to computer-assisted instruction with CD-ROM technology on nursing students' attitude towards computer-assisted instruction." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0006/MQ29016.pdf.

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Sotomane, Constantino. "Factors affecting the use of data mining in Mozambique : Towards a framework to facilitate the use of data mining." Licentiate thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för data- och systemvetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-103512.

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Advances in technology have enabled organizations to collect a variety ofdata at high speed and provided the capacity to store them. As a result theamount of data available is increasing daily at a rapid rate. The data stored inorganizations hold important information to improve decision making andgain competitive advantage. To extract useful information from these hugeamounts of data, special techniques such as data mining are required. Datamining is a technique capable of extracting useful knowledge from vastamounts of data. The successful application of data mining in organizationsdepends on several factors that may vary in relation to the environment. InMozambique, these factors have never been studied. The study of the factorsaffecting the use of data mining is important to determine which aspectsrequire special attention for the success of the application of data mining.This thesis presents a study of the level of awareness and use of datamining in Mozambique and the factors affecting its use. It is a step towardsthe development of a framework to facilitate the application of data miningin Mozambique. The study is exploratory and uses multiple case studies intwo institutions in Maputo city, the capital of Mozambique, one in the areaof agriculture and the other in the field of electricity, and of Maputo citymore broadly. The study involved a combination of observations, focusgroup discussions and enquiries directed at managers and practitioners onaspects of information technology (IT) and data analysis. The results of the study reveal that the level of awareness and use of datamining in Mozambique is still very weak. Only a limited number ofprofessionals in IT are aware of the concept or its uses. The main factorsaffecting the use of data mining in Mozambique are: the quality, availabilityand integration of, access to data, skill in data mining, functional integration,alignment of IT and business, interdisciplinary learning, existence ofchampions, commitment of top management, existence of changemanagement, privacy, cost and the availability of technology. Threeapplications were developed in two real settings, which showed that thereare problems to be solved with data mining. The two examples in the area ofelectricity demonstrate how data mining is used to develop models toforecast electricity consumption and how they can enhance the estimation ofelectricity to be sold to the international market. The application in the areaof agriculture extracts associations between the characteristics of smallfarmers and the yield of maize from a socioeconomic database with hundreds of attributes. The applications provide practical examples of howdata mining can help to discover patterns that can lead to the development ofmore accurate models and find interesting associations between variables inthe dataset. The factors identified in this thesis can be used to determine thefeasibility of the implementation of data mining projects and ensure itssuccess.

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Hamm, D. Michael (Don Michael). "The Association Between Computer- Oriented and Non-Computer-Oriented Mathematics Instruction, Student Achievement, and Attitude Towards Mathematics in Introductory Calculus." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1989. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332306/.

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The purposes of this study were (a) to develop, implement, and evaluate a computer-oriented instructional program for introductory calculus students, and (b) to explore the association between a computer-oriented calculus instructional program, a non-computer-oriented calculus instructional program, student achievement on three selected calculus topics, and student attitude toward mathematics. An experimental study was conducted with two groups of introductory calculus students during the Spring Semester, 1989. The computer-oriented group consisted of 32 students who were taught using microcomputer calculus software for in-class presentations and homework assignments. The noncomputer-oriented group consisted of 40 students who were taught in a traditional setting with no microcomputer intervention. Each of three experimenter-developed achievement examinations was administered in a pretest/posttest format with the pretest scores being used both as a covariate and in determining the two levels of student prior knowledge of the topic. For attitude toward mathematics, the Aiken-Dreger Revised Math Attitude Scale was administered in a pretest/ posttest format with the pretest scores being used as a covariate. Students were also administered the MAA Calculus Readiness Test to determine two levels of calculus prerequisite skill mastery. An ANCOVA for achievement and attitude toward mathematics was performed by treatment, level, and interaction of treatment and level. Using a .05 level of significance, there was no significant difference in treatments, levels of prior knowledge of topic, nor interaction when achievement was measured by each of the three achievement examination posttests. Furthermore, there was no significant difference between treatments, levels of student prerequisite skill mastery, and interaction when attitude toward mathematics was measured, at the .05 level of significance. It was concluded that the use of the microcomputer in introductory calculus instruction does not significantly effect either student achievement in calculus or student attitude toward mathematics.

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38

Djordjevic, Jelena. "YOUNG MEN'S ATTITUDE TOWARDS COMPUTER- AND VIDEO GAMES. AN INTERVIEW STUDY ABOUT YOUNG MEN’S EXPERIENCES OF COMPUTER- AND VIDEO GAMES." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-26768.

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Kunskapen om TV- och datorspelmissbruk bland ungdomar är idag väldigt begränsad. Stillasittande/fysisk inaktivitet, som TV- och datorspel ofta innebär och som kan innebära negativa konsekvenser, blir allt vanligare. En semistrukturerad intervjustudie har genomförts på sju män i åldersgruppen 17-29 år i syfte att undersöka drivkrafterna bakom mäns spelbeteende i tonåren. Dessutom har information om spelmissbruk bland ungdomar inhämtats av fyra yrkesverksamma inom spelområdet. Detta samt kopplingar mellan TV- och datorspel och spel om pengar har gjorts p g a bristen på forskning om TV- och datorspel. De före detta spelmissbrukarna har kategoriserats som fritidsspelare och spelproblematiker (som lyckats sluta missbruka spel på egen hand), samt spelberoende, som fått avstå helt från spel för att få ett slut på sitt missbruk, medan övriga än idag kan spela i måttlig och ytterst liten mängd. Verklig och upplevd kontroll över sig själva och omgivningen har varit viktiga determinanter för informanternas spelmissbruk. Anledningarna till att de slutade/minskade på spelandet är att de i huvudsak tappade intresset för spel (dock inte helt), fick andra prioriteringar och/eller inte ville få återfall där de återgår till sitt gamla missbruksbeteende. Spelandet har haft en funktion som flykt från en problematisk livssituation, vilken med tiden endast förvärrats för de spelberoende parallellt med missbruket. Även upplevelsen av direkt, tillfällig tillfredsställelse har varit en stor drivkraft samtidigt som det har lett till spelmissbruket. Det tidsödande fritidsintresset fick konsekvenser på den psykiska och fysiska hälsan och beteendet, utvecklingen, relationer till närstående, familjesituationen, skolgången, den sociala etableringen samt den socioekonomiska situationen, vilket sammanfattningsvis ledde till att informanterna utvecklade en ohälsosam och ofta destruktiv livsstil. The knowledge of computer- and video game abuse and addiction among young people is very limited today. The sedentary lifestyle and physical inactivity that computer- and video games often involve can have negative consequences, and are becoming more common. A semi-structured interview was conducted on seven men between the ages of 17-29 in order to examine the driving forces behind men’s gaming behavior in their adolescence. In addition, information about game abuse among young people was gathered from professionals in the area of computer- and video games. This and links between computer- and video games and gambling have been made due to the lack of research on video and computer games. The former video game addicts have been categorized as recreational players, game problematics (who by themselves managed to stop abusing games) and game addicts, who have completely abstained from gaming to put an end to their addiction, while the others still play moderately and very little today. Actual and perceived control over themselves and their environment has been important determinants for the player’s former addiction. The reason why they stopped/decreased the gaming is essentially because they lost interest in games (not completely though), got other priorities and/or did not want to relapse and return to old problematic behavior. Gaming as an escape from a problematic life situation was a common feature among the addicts. The situation for the game addicts only worsened with time along with their game abuse. Although the experience of direct, incidental satisfaction has been a major driving force, it simultaneously led to game abuse. The time-consuming leisure activity had consequences on the mental and physical health, behavior and social development, as well as on the relationships to relatives, family situation, school attendance, social establishment and socioeconomic situation. To sum up, the informants developed an unhealthy and often destructive lifestyle because of the game habits.

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39

Sun, Heshan. "Towards a better understanding of dynamics of IT use a new concept of adaptive IT use /." Related electronic resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available, full text:, 2007. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.

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40

Rui, Ai-Ping. "Steps towards computerized administration of factory information resources for CIM." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1989. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/27145.

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Being typical of manufacturing industry currently, "islands of automation" have severely limited further productivity increases. As being gradually realised, CIM (Computer Integrated Manufacturing) can provide opportunities for higher productivity, and CIM systems integration is the major task for achieving CIM. With reference to the background, this research project was mainly concerned with formalising flexible CIM systems integration architectures and evolving generic and flexible integration tools and methods.

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41

Hatami, Javad. "Smart view : A study on students´ attitude toward employing smart glasses as a medium for e-learning." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för informatik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-122669.

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User attitude and their perceptions are increasingly being explored by a variation of methods. This thesis addresses the perception that one might have for employing smart glasses as a potential online educational tool. Furthermore, it explores the challenges that are associated with designing educational apps for smart glasses as a medium for e-learning in general. For addressing and identifying these challenges and exploring user attitude, this thesis employs two different approaches. Firstly, by identifying the current challenges associated with e-learning in literature-related studies and secondly, based on the related literature surrounding the topic of e-learning and augmented reality, this thesis conducts a field study using semi-structured interviews. This study proposes the final conclusion based on the field study and by reviewing identified challenges in literature.

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42

Gustavsson, Fredrik, and Anton Rinaldo. ""Get a better attitude!" : An analysis of media use and support/hesitancy attitudes towards the COVID-19 vaccine." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-85224.

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This study examines the relationship between media use and support/hesitancy towards the COVID-19 vaccine. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between social media and traditional media use and support/hesitancy attitudes towards the COVID-19 vaccine. We want to analyse how social and traditional media use as a news source is related to support and hesitancy attitudes. Furthermore, we want to see if media use as a news source has any relation to the trade-off attitude towards the COVID-19 vaccine. We have found a research gap in the COVID-19 pandemic and connection between social and traditional media use as a news source and support, hesitancy, and trade-off attitudes towards the COVID-19 vaccine. RQ 1: What is the relationship between social media use as a news source and support/hesitancy towards the COVID-19 vaccine? RQ 2: What is the relationship between traditional media use as a news source and support/hesitancy towards the COVID-19 vaccine? The method of this study is a quantitative survey regarding media use before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and support, hesitancy, and trade-off attitudes towards the COVID-19 vaccine. The population size is 201 Swedish citizens between the ages of 18-65. The sample was collected through a snowball sample. The study provides a theoretical framework consisting of crisis communication, misinformation, echo chambers, public opinion, and social amplification of risk. Furthermore, the study presents previous research which is similar to the study. The previous research presents some key findings such as social media use tends to increase during crises, how echo chambers can be increased by the feeling of fear, and research on attitudes towards vaccines. Previous research also presents how misinformation is being spread on social media and how the anti-vaccination movement takes advantage of the postmodern health paradigm which makes people turn to the internet with their medical problems. The study concludes that in some instances traditional media can have a positive relation to supportive attitudes and social media connects to some of the hesitant opinions towards COVID-19. Denna studie undersöker förhållandet mellan medieanvändning och förespråkande/tveksamhet mot COVID-19-vaccinet. Syftet med denna studie är att analysera förhållandet mellan sociala medier och traditionell medieanvändning och attityder till förespråkande/tveksamhet gentemot COVID-19-vaccinet. Vi vill analysera hur de sociala och traditionella medierna som nyhetskälla är relaterade till förespråkande och tveksamhet. Vidare vill vi se om medieanvändning som nyhetskälla har något samband med avvägningsinställningen till COVID-19. Vi har hittat ett forsknings hål i COVID-19-pandemin och sambandet mellan social och traditionell medieanvändning som nyhetskälla och förespråkande, tveksamhet och avvägningsattityder till COVID-19-vaccinet. RQ 1: Vad är förhållandet mellan användning av sociala medier som nyhetskälla och förespråkande/tveksamhet mot COVID-19-vaccinet? RQ 2: Vad är förhållandet mellan traditionell medieanvändning som nyhetskälla och förespråkande/tveksamhet mot COVID-19-vaccinet? Metoden för denna studie är en kvantitativ undersökning om medieanvändning före och under COVID-19-pandemin och förespråkande, tveksamhet och avvägning av attityder till COVID-19-vaccinet. Befolkningsstorleken är 201 svenska medborgare i åldrarna 18-65. Urvalet samlades in genom ett snowball sample. Studien har ett teoretiskt ramverk som består av kriskommunikation, misinformation, ekokammare, attityder och social förstärkning av risk. Dessutom presenterar studien tidigare forskning som liknar studien. Den tidigare forskningen presenterar några viktiga resultat, såsom användningen av sociala medier tenderar att öka under kriser, hur ekokammare kan ökas av känslan av rädsla och forskning om attityder till vacciner. Tidigare forskning presenterar också hur misinformation sprids på sociala medier och hur antivaccinationsrörelsen utnyttjar det postmodern health paradigm som får människor att vända sig till internet med sina medicinska problem. Studien drar slutsatsen att traditionella medier i vissa fall kan ha en positiv relation till stödjande attityder och att sociala medier ansluter till några av de tveksamma åsikterna mot COVID-19.

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43

Pinnaka, Sumanth. "Negative Attitude Towards AI and Its Relationship with the Cultural Dimension of Power Distance." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informatik och media, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-420372.

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Earlier studies have focused on the relationship between negative attitudes towards AI and collective culture of the country (country of origin). These differences may be because of sizeable differences in the power distance index (PDI) on the population level between different countries. We investigated the relationship between power distance index (PDI) of individuals; and their attitudes towards AI through a survey of participants from two countries, India and Sweden, where there are large differences in PDI on the population level. Results of the correlation test showed that power distance correlates positively with negative attitudes towards interactions with AI and the social influence of AI i.e. higher PDI means more of a negative attitude towards AI. However, power distance correlates positively to the acceptance of AI in a workplace environment, i.e. higher PDI means higher acceptance of AI in the workplace. The latter result was contradictory to our expectations and contradicted an earlier study [8], wherein high PDI showed hindrance in acceptance of the technology at workplace.

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44

Mathew, Nishi Mary. "The effect of electronic networking on preservice elementary teachers' science teaching self-efficacy and attitude towards science teaching /." Digital version accessible at:, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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45

Laubscher, Dorothy Joy. "Mathematics teacher–students attitude towards information and communication technology across three countries / D.J. Laubscher." Thesis, North-West University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4718.

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Low achievement in Mathematics is a problem that faces schools, colleges and universities, not only in South Africa, but worldwide. Many efforts have been made to explore different ways in which teaching and learning can be more effective. ICT provides endless possibili–ties to enhance the teaching and learning of Mathematics. The purpose of this study is to determine teacher–students’ attitude towards ICTs in order to plan for effective, efficient and appropriate methods of Mathematics education. It further aims to determine to what extent these students will be willing to use ICTs in their own studies as well as in the teaching pro–cess in their classrooms, and aims to compare the students’ attitudes across three countries i.e. South Africa, Tanzania and Finland. The population consisted of Mathematics education teacher–students enrolled at the following institutions: School for Continuing Teacher Educa–tion (SCTE) at the North–West University in South Africa (317 students), the Iringa University College, University of Tumaini in Tanzania (111 students), and the University of Joensuu in Finland (56 students). This study followed a quantitative cross–sectional survey design com–prising a single mode research questionnaire to three groups of students in three countries. The instrument that was used was based on the Loyd and Gressard Computer Attitude Sur–vey (1984) (CAS), with a few additional questions to add to the relevance of this study. Questionnaires were completed by each group of students. The questionnaires were posted to each Mathematics teacher–student at the SCTE with a return envelope included. The re–searcher visited Tanzania and administered the questionnaire to the students at their univer–sity and some students in Finland completed the survey online while others completed a pa–per–based copy, which was returned to the researcher. Descriptive statistical techniques, reliability and validity of the instrument scale, inferential statistics (ANOVA), and cross–tabulations were used, and where appropriate, effect sizes were calculated. Findings indi–cated that the teacher–students have a positive attitude to computers and that they are willing to use ICTs in their own studies and in their teaching at school. The comparison of their atti–tudes revealed that the South African and Tanzanian teacher–students have a more positive attitude towards ICTs than the Finnish students. The teacher–students in the two African countries were also more willing to use ICTs than the students in Finland, despite their in–creased exposure and access to technology. To create an environment of effective Mathe–matics education, a number of factors play an important role. Mathematics education sup–ported by good pedagogical content knowledge can be transformed into effective Mathemat–ics education with the aid of a positive computer attitude and willingness to use technology. Together these aspects are supported by the technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPCK) framework. Thesis (M.Ed.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.

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46

Ustun, Isil. "Developing The Understanding Of Geometry Through A Computer-based Learning Environment." Master's thesis, METU, 2003. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/4/1206523/index.pdf.

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The main purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of a dynamic instructional environment (based on use of Geometer&rsquo s Sketchpad) on 7th grade students&rsquo understandings of lines, angles, and polygons and their retention. Besides that, the students&rsquo attitudes towards computer instruction and its relation with students&rsquo performance on geometry and retention were investigated. The study was carried out with 63 7th grade students from two classes taught by the same teacher in a state elementary school. One class was assigned as the experimental group (EG), the other as the control group (CG). Students in CG received the instruction on lines, angles, and polygons by the regular traditional method used at the school. In the EG, students worked on the computer activities named as &ldquo Sketchsheets&rdquo , prepared by the researcher, with computers provided at the computer-lab. The usage of GSP with Sketchsheets enabled students to create the shapes first and after they explored and discovered the properties of shapes and make generalisations for the development of conjectures. Geometry Performance Test (GPT) and Computer Attitude Scale (CAS) were used in this study. The GPT was administered to both groups of students as a pre-test, post-test, and a delayed post-test. CAS was administered only to the EG students as a post-test. Furthermore, interviews were carried out with three students from EG in order to get their feelings about the dynamic instructional environment. Besides that, both of these classroom and computer sessions were observed and recorded with camera. The results of t-test suggest that GPT mean scores in EG and CG did not significantly differ in pre-test, but EG achieved significantly better than the CG in post and delay-post tests. CAS mean scores and interviews showed that students had positive feelings and decisions towards computer instruction and they preferred computer instruction to traditional instruction. Furthermore, Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient was performed in order to investigate the relationship between GPT scores and CAS scores. From this analysis, a significant correlation was observed between the GPT scores and CAS scores. This means that the students who had positive attitudes towards computer instruction, achieved significantly better at GPT. The results of this study revealed that Geometer&rsquo s Sketchpad for learning and teaching geometry in elementary school level is an effective tool.

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47

Hooft, Mark A. van't. "The effect of handheld technology use in pre-service social studies education on the attitudes of future teachers toward technology integration in social studies." Connect to resource online, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=kent1120662308.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Kent State University, 2005. Advisors: Alicia R. Crowe, Shawn Fitzgerald. Keywords: teacher education; mobile computing; handheld computing; social studies education; attitudes. Includes survey instrument. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 102-128). Also available via the World Wide Web.

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48

Steins, Krisjanis. "Towards Increased Use of Discrete-Event Simulation for Hospital Resource Planning." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Kommunikations- och transportsystem, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-139732.

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Health care systems in many countries are experiencing a growing demand while their resources remain limited. The discrepancy between demand and capacity creates many problems – long waiting times for treatment, overcrowding in hospital wards, high workload, etc. More efficient delivery of health care services can be achieved by better planning of its resources so that the mismatch between demand and capacity is minimized. Planning health care resources, including hospital resources, is difficult due to system complexity and variability in both resource availability and demand. Discrete-event simulation and other operational research methods can be used for solving planning problems in health care, and have been gaining increased attention from researchers during recent decades. Despite the growing number of academic publications, simulation appears to be less used in health care than in other application areas and only a small proportion of simulation studies is actually implemented. The aim of this thesis is to contribute to increased use of discrete-event simulation in hospital resource planning. The separate studies regarding intensive care unit capacity planning, operating room allocation strategies and the management of emergency patient flow in a radiology department highlight both the possibilities and the requirements for practical application of discrete-event simulation in hospital resource planning. The studies are described in five papers. In the first paper, the relationship between intensive care unit (ICU) occupancy and patient outcomes was investigated and the results showed that risk adjusted mortality was higher in the group of patients who were treated during high levels of occupancy. This indicates that appropriate planning of ICU resources is necessary to avoid adverse effects on patient outcomes. In the second paper, analysis of a relatively simple care chain consisting of two hospital departments – emergency and radiology – revealed a process that was not very well defined and measured. Investigation into data availability uncovered disparate information systems storing incompatible and fragmented data. It suggests that the current degree of process orientation and the current IT infrastructure does not enable efficient use of quantitative process analysis and management tools such as simulation. In the third paper, the value and possibilities of using simulation modelling in hospital resource planning were examined through the development and use of a simulation model for improved operating room time allocation and patient flow in a hospital operating department. The model was initially used for studying overcrowding in a post-anaesthesia care unit. Advanced planning logic implemented in the model enabled evaluation of several different scenarios aiming to improve the utilization of operating room resources. The results showed that it is possible to achieve slightly better and more even resource utilization, as well as provide greater flexibility in scheduling operations. In the fourth paper, a generic ICU model was developed and validated using data from four different hospital ICUs. The model was adapted and calibrated stepwise in order to identify important parameters and their values to obtain a match between model predictions and actual data. The study showed that in presence of high quality data and well defined process logic it is possible to develop a generic ICU simulation model that could provide accurate decision support for planning critical care resources. In the fifth paper, a number of factors that can contribute to successful implementation of simulation results in health care were identified. The timing of the simulation study must be right to support a critical decision, the benefit from implementation should clearly outweigh the cost of making the necessary changes and the model should be thoroughly validated to increase the credibility of the results. Staff involvement in simulation modelling activities, availability of good quality data, as well as proper incentives to improve the system contribute to implementation as well. These findings can help in establishing the conditions for successful implementation in future applications of simulation modelling in health care. Hälso- och sjukvårdssystemen i många länder möter en växande efterfrågan samtidigt som resurserna är begränsade. När efterfrågan överstiger kapaciteten skapas många problem, bland annat långa väntetider för behandling, överbeläggningar i sjukhusavdelningar och hög arbetsbelastning för personalen. En effektivare sjukvård kan uppnås genom bättre planering av resurserna, så att obalansen mellan efterfrågan och kapacitet minimeras. Planering av hälso- och sjukvårdsresurser, inklusive sjukhusresurser, är svårt på grund av systemkomplexitet och variation i både resurstillgänglighet och efterfrågan. Simulering och andra operationsanalytiska metoder som används för att lösa planeringsproblem inom tillverkning, logistik och andra områden, kan med fördel användas också inom sjukvården och har fått ökad uppmärksamhet av forskare under de senaste årtiondena. Trots det växande antalet akademiska publikationer verkar simulering användas betydligt mindre inom sjukvården än i andra tillämpningsområden och endast en liten del av resultaten omsätts i praktiken. Syftet med denna avhandling är att bidra till ökad användning av simulering vid planering av sjukhusresurser. De separata studierna i avhandlingen behandlar kapacitetsdimensionering av intensivvård, allokering av operationssalsresurser samt hantering av akutpatientflödet på en röntgenavdelning, och lyfter därigenom fram både möjligheterna och kraven för praktisk tillämpning av diskret händelsesstyrd simulering för planering av sjukhusresurser. Intensivvårdsavdelningar anses vara bland de dyraste resurserna på ett sjukhus. Det är därför ekonomiskt önskvärt att ha en hög utnyttjandegrad av en sådan resurs. Samtidigt är det viktigt att alltid ha utrymme för kritiskt sjuka patienter. I en studie där förhållandet mellan beläggningen på intensivvårdsavdelningar och patientutfall undersöktes visade resultaten att riskjusterad dödlighet var högre för patienter som behandlades när beläggningen på avdelningen var hög, vilket understryker att bra planering av intensivvårdsresurser är mycket viktigt. Hög grad av processorientering och tillgång till data som möjliggör undersökning av patientflödet över gränserna av sjukhusets organisatoriska och funktionella enheter är exempel på förutsättningar för användning av simulering för hela vårdkedjor. En analys av en relativt enkel vårdkedja bestående av två sjukhusavdelningar avslöjade dock en process som inte var särskilt väldefinierad, och där olika informationssystem lagrade inkompatibla och fragmenterade data. Avsaknaden av processorientering och den befintliga IT-infrastrukturen är hinder för effektiv användning av kvantitativa processanalysverktyg som simulering. Värdet av att utnyttja simulering och modellering för planering av sjukhusresurser användes vidare för att hitta en bättre och jämnare fördelning av operationssalsresurser. Modellen användes för att undersöka ett antal scenarier och resultatet visade att det är möjligt att uppnå ett jämnare utnyttjande av operationssalar och en större flexibilitet vid schemaläggning av operationer. Generiska simuleringsmodeller, som med hjälp av ett antal parameterinställningar kan omvandlas till en ny modell av en given sjukhusenhet, skulle sannolikt öka användningen av simulering. Dock kan det vara svårt att visa hur dessa modeller avbildar varje specifik enhet på ett tillräckligt trovärdigt sätt. En generisk modell för kapacitetsdimensionering av intensivvårdsavdelningar har utvecklats och validerats med hjälp av data från fyra olika sjukhus. Studien visade att när data är av hög kvalitet och processlogiken är väldefinierad är det möjligt att utveckla en sådan generisk simuleringsmodell som kan ge beslutsstöd vid planering av intensivvårdsresurser. Flera litteraturundersökningar har visat att endast en liten del av publicerade simuleringsstudier inom sjukvården har implementerats. Genom att studera ett flerårigt simuleringsprojekt identifierades ett antal faktorer som kan bidra till att simuleringsresultat faktiskt används för att förändra verksamheten. Tidpunkten för simuleringsstudien måste vara välanpassad för att stödja ett kritiskt beslut, fördelar med förändringen bör tydligt överväga kostnaden för att genomföra den och modellen bör grundligt valideras för att öka resultatens trovärdighet. Personalens engagemang i modelleringsaktiviteter, tillgång till data av god kvalitet samt lämpliga incitament för att förbättra systemet bidrar också till genomförandet. Resultaten kan hjälpa till att skapa förutsättningar för framgångsrik framtida användning av simulering vid planering av sjukhusresurser.

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49

Reyna, Josephine. "The Impact of Predisposition Towards Group Work on Intention to Use a CSCW System." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2005. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4752/.

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Groupware packages are increasingly being used to support content delivery, class discussion, student to student and student to faculty interactions and group work on projects. This research focused on groupware packages that are used to support students who are located in different places, but who are assigned group projects as part of their coursework requirements. In many cases, students are being asked to use unfamiliar technologies that are very different from those that support personal productivity. For example, computer-assisted cooperative work (CSCW) technology is different from other more traditional, stand-alone software applications because it requires the user to interact with the computer as well as other users. However, familiarity with the technology is not the only requirement for successful completion of a group assigned project. For a group to be successful, it must also have a desire to work together on the project. If this pre-requisite is not present within the group, then the technology will only create additional communication and coordination barriers. How much of an impact does each of these factors have on the acceptance of CSCW technology? The significance of this study is threefold. First, this research contributed to how a user's predisposition toward group work affects their acceptance of CSCW technology. Second, it helped identify ways to overcome some of the obstacles associated with group work and the use of CSCW technology in an academic online environment. Finally, it helped identify early adopters of CSCW software and how these users can form the critical mass required to diffuse the technology. This dissertation reports the impact of predisposition toward group work and prior computer experience on the intention to use synchronous CSCW. It was found that predisposition toward group work was not only positively associated to perceived usefulness; it was also related to intention to use. It also found that perceived ease of use, at least in this study, had a direct and positive impact on intention, and was not mediated through perceived usefulness. These findings hold implications for academia and how it uses complex collaborative software. Avenues for further research are identified.

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Chan, Chung-ho Samuel, and 陳仲豪. "Factors affecting the attitude of school administrators towards the utilisation of computer management information systems in secondaryschools in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1987. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B38627759.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Attitude towards computer use'

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