Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Attosecond laser'
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Maroju, Praveen Kumar [Verfasser], and Giuseppe [Akademischer Betreuer] Sansone. "Attosecond pulse shaping at a seeded free-electron laser : : towards attosecond time-resolved experiments at the free-electron lasers." Freiburg : Universität, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1239556527/34.
Full textSchapper, Florian. "Attosecond structure of high-order harmonics." Konstanz Hartung-Gorre, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1000540448/04.
Full textKiesewetter, Dietrich. "Dynamics of Near-Threshold, Attosecond Electron Wavepackets in Strong Laser Fields." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1544447128975478.
Full textBocoum, Maïmouna. "Harmonic and electron generation from laser-driven plasma mirrors." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLX023/document.
Full textThe experimental work presented in this manuscript focuses on the non-linear response of plasma mirrors when driven by a sub-relativistic (~10^18 W/cm^2) ultra-short (~30fs) laser pulse. In particular, we studied the generation of attosecond pulses (1as=10^(-18) s) and electron beams from plasma mirror generated in controlled pump-probe experiment. One first important result exposed in this manuscript is the experimental observation of the anticorrelated emission behavior between high-order harmonics and electron beams with respect to plasma scale length. The second important result is the presentation of the « spatial domain interferometry » (SDI) diagnostic, developed during this PhD to measure the plasma expansion in vacuum. Finally, we will discuss the implementation of phase retrieval algorithms for both spatial and temporal phase reconstructions.From a more general point of view, we replace this PhD in its historical context. We hope to convince the reader that through laser-plasma mirror interaction schemes, we could tomorrow conceive cost-efficient X-UV and energetic electron sources with unprecedented temporal resolutions
Wu, Yi. "High flux isolated attosecond pulse generation." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/6038.
Full textPh.D.
Doctorate
Optics and Photonics
Optics and Photonics
Optics
Monchocé, Sylvain. "Contrôle et métrologie de la génération d'harmoniques sur miroir plasma." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112344.
Full textWhen an ultra intense femtosecond laser with high contrast is focused on a solid target, the laser field at focus is sufficient enough to completely ionize the target surface during the rising edge of the laser pulse and form a plasma. This dense plasma entirely reflects the incident beam in the specular direction: this is a so-called plasma mirror. As the interaction between the laser and the plasma mirror is highly non-linear, it thus leads to the high harmonic generation (HHG) in the reflected beam. In the temporal domain, this harmonic spectrum is associated to a train of attosecond pulses.The aim of my PhD were to experimentally control this HHG and to measure the properties of the harmonics. We first studied the optimization of the harmonic signal, and then the spatial characterization of the harmonic beam in the far-field (harmonic divergence). These characterizations are not only important to develop an intense XUV/attosecond light source, but also to get a better understanding of the laser-matter interaction at very high intensity. We have thus been able to get crucial information of the electrons and ions dynamics of the plasma, showing that the harmonics can also be used as a diagnostic of the laser-plasma interaction.We then developed a new general approach for optically-controlled spatial structuring of overdense plasmas generated at the surface of initially plain solid targets. We demonstrate it experimentally by creating sinusoidal plasma gratings of adjustable spatial periodicity and depth, and study the interaction of these transient structures with an ultraintense laser pulse to establish their usability atrelativistically high intensities. We then show how these gratings can be used as a `spatial ruler' to determine the source size of the high-order harmonic beams roduced at the surface of an overdense plasma. These results open new directions both for the metrology of laser-plasma interactions and the emerging field of ultrahigh intensity plasmonics
Frank, Felix. "Generation and application of ultrashort laser pulses in attosecond science." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/7025.
Full textProcino, I. "Laser induced molecular axis alignment : measurement and applications in attosecond science." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2011. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1333960/.
Full textChirla, Razvan Cristian. "Attosecond Pulse Generation and Characterization." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1313429461.
Full textChini, Michael. "Characterization and Application of Isolated Attosecond Pulses." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2012. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5163.
Full textPh.D.
Doctorate
Physics
Sciences
Physics
Cheng, Yan. "Towards intense single attosecond pulse generation from a 400 NM driving laser." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/13185.
Full textDepartment of Physics
Brian Washburn
Zenghu Chang
Attosecond pulse generation is a powerful tool to study electron dynamics in atoms and molecules. However, application of attosecond pulses is limited by the low photon flux of attosecond sources. Theoretical models predict that the harmonic efficiency scales as λ[lambda]-6 in the plateau region of the HHG spectrum, where λ [lambda] is the wavelength of the driving laser. This indicates the possibility of generating more intense attosecond pulses using short wavelength driving lasers. The purpose of this work is to find a method to generate intense single attosecond pulses using a 400 nm driving laser. In our experiments, 400 nm femtosecond laser pulses are used to generate high harmonics. First, the dependence of the high harmonic generation yield on the ellipticity of 400 nm driving laser pulse is studied experimentally, and it is compared with that of 800 nm driving lasers. A semi-classical theory is developed to explain the ellipticity dependence where the theoretical calculations match experiment results very well. Next, 400 nm short pulses (sub-10 fs) are produced with a hollow core fiber and chirped mirrors. Finally, we propose a scheme to extract single attosecond pulses with the Generalized Double Optical Gating (GDOG) method.
Weikum, Maria Katharina. "Generation, acceleration and measurement of attosecond electron beams from laser-plasma accelerators." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2017. http://digitool.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=29839.
Full textGéneaux, Romain. "Le moment angulaire de la lumière en génération d'harmoniques d'ordre élevé." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS474/document.
Full textAngular momentum is an ubiquitous quantity in all areas of physics. Just like matter, radiation carries angular momentum. It can be decomposed in two parts, namely the spin angular momentum (SAM) and the orbital angular momentum (OAM). Each one of these components has very specific properties and lead to numerous applications using visible and infrared light. In this thesis, we study the behavior of these two types of light angular momentum in a very non-linear process called high harmonic generation (HHG). In this physical process known since 1987, an intense infrared laser is focused into an atomic or molecular gas jet, which in the right intensity regime allows to generate a radiation which has a short wavelength (extreme ultraviolet domain) and is extremely brief (attosecond, 1 as = 10⁻¹⁸ s).We begin by describing theoretically this process, as well as defining in depth the notion of light angular momentum. We then study HHG from an infrared laser carrying OAM. This allows to obtain an unique light source, generating ultrashort light pulses of controlled orbital angular momentum with a wavelength of the order of 10 nm. We then study GHOE from beams carrying MAS. Using a resonance from the generation gas, we manage to transfer this angular momentum to the emitted extreme ultraviolet radiation. This radiation is finally used to measure photoionisation circular dichroisms in chiral molecules, measurements previously restricted to synchrotron sources. This paves the way towards chiroptic time resolved measurement on a femto/attosecond timescale
Ghimire, Shambhu. "Study on generation of attosecond pulse with polarization gating." Diss., Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/283.
Full textBöhle, Frederik. "Near-single-cycle laser for driving relativistic plasma mirrors at kHz repetition rate - development and application." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLX116/document.
Full textVery short light pulses allow us to resolve ultrafast processes in molecules, atoms and condensed matter. This started with the advent of Femtochemistry, for which Ahmed Zewail received the Novel Prize in Chemistry in 1999. Ever since, researcher have been trying to push the temporal resolution further and we have now reached attosecond pulse durations. Their generation, however, remains very challenging and various different generation mechanisms are the topic of heated research around the world.Our group focuses on attosecond pulse generation and ultrashort electron bunch acceleration on solid targets. In particular, this thesis deals with the upgrade of a high intensity, high contrast, kHz, femtosecond laser chain to reach the relativistic interaction regime on solid targets. Few cycle driving laser pulses should allow the generation of intense isolated attosecond pulses. A requirement to perform true attosecond pump-probe exeriments.To achive this, a HCF postcompression scheme has been conceived and implemented to shorten the duration of a traditional laser amplifier. With this a peak intensity of 1TW was achieved with near-single-cycle pulse duration. For controlled experiments, a vacuum beamline was developed and implemented to accurately control the laser and plasma conditions on target.During the second part of this thesis, this laser chain was put in action to drive relativistic harmonic generation on solid targets. It was the first time ever that this has been achieved at 1 kHz. By CEP gating the few-cycle-pulses, single attosecond pulses were generated. This conclusion has been supported by numerical simulations. Additionally a new regime to accelerate electron bunches on soft gradients has been detected
Shiner, Andrew. "Probing Collective Multi-electron Effects with Few Cycle Laser Pulses." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23942.
Full textSchweinberger, Hans Wolfgang. "A laser source for the generation of intense attosecond pulses and its first applications." Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-176078.
Full textDie beständige Entwicklung und Verbesserung der verfügbaren Laserquellen hat die Anzahl ihrer Anwendungen stetig wachsen lassen und darüber hinaus insbesondere Hochpräzissionsmessungen in vielen Bereichen dramatisch verbessert. Das Ziel dieser Doktorarbeit ist die Verbesserung der gängigsten Laserquelle zur Erzeugung von isolierten extrem-ultravioletten (XUV) Pulsen, welche im letzten Jahrzehnt das Studium von Elektronen-Dynamiken im sub-femtosekunden Bereich (1 fs = 10^-15 s) ermöglicht hat und zu vielerlei Erkenntnissen der Elektronendynamik in Atomen, Molekülen und Festkörpern beigetragen hat. Mittels der Verwendung einer zusätzlichen Verstärkerstufe, zu dem üblichen einstu- figen Verstärkersystem mit gestreckten Laserpulsen, gelang es die auf weniger als 5 fs komprimierte Laserpulsenergie auf 1,5mJ zu verdreifachen. Dafür wurden zwei unterschiedliche Konzepte für die Kompression der verstärkten Pulse miteinander verglichen. Mit dieser erhöhten Pulsenergie ist es möglich sowohl den Photonen uss in den erzeugten, isolierten Attosekundenpulsen als auch deren Photonenenergie zu erhöhen. Betrieben bei vier Kilohertz Wiederholrate, erlaubt das Lasersystem die Durchführung integrativer Messung mit zwei-Zyklen-Laserpulsen mit deutlich höherer Geschwindigkeit als die meisten anderen Laserquellen in diesem Energiebereich. Diese Laserpulse werden zur Erzeugung höherer Harmonischer eingesetzt und wurden mittels Attosekundenstreakingspektroskopie (Attosekunden-Schlierenspektroskopie) charakterisiert wobei zugleich die hervorragende Stabilität und die Qualität der XUV-pulse nachgewiesen wurde. Die so erzeugten XUV-Pulse wurden zur Durchführung erster Experimente herangezogen, zum einen zur breitbandigen, zeitlichen Charakterisierung der Photoemission der "Riesenresonanz" der Xenon{4d Schale bei 100 eV und zum anderen bei der Untersuchung der induzierten nichtlinearen Propagation in Quarzglas. Deren Ein- uss auf die elektrischen Wellenform der ultrakurzen Laserpulse im sichtbaren, nah-infraroten Spektralbereich wurde mittels Attosekunden-Streaking charakterisiert. Die höheren Pulsenergien des Lasersystems werden sich als besonders nützlich erweisen sobald weitere nichtlineare Effekte Teil des Anregungs-Abfrage-Aufbaus sind, wie z.B. bei der Erzeugung von ultrakurzen UV-Pulsen zur Anregung und der XUVPulse zur zeitlichen Abfrage, da die Intensität beider Pulse mit der Pulsenergie des fundamentalen Pulses ansteigt.
Leeuwenburgh, Jonathan. "Theory of attosecond electron dynamics induced by strong XUV and X-ray laser fields." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/30779.
Full textHemmer, Michaël. "Few-cycle pulses amplification for attosecond science applications modeling and experiments." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4920.
Full textID: 029809569; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Central Florida, 2011.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 218-230).
Ph.D.
Doctorate
Optics and Photonics
Diveki, Zsolt. "Generation and Application of Attosecond Pulses." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00722473.
Full textRaith, Philipp Nils [Verfasser], and Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] Pfeifer. "Few-Cycle Multidimensional Laser Control of Attosecond Pulse Generation / Philipp Nils Raith ; Betreuer: Thomas Pfeifer." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1177039893/34.
Full textShafak, Kemal Verfasser], and Franz X. [Akademischer Betreuer] [Kärtner. "Large-Scale Laser-Microwave Synchronization for Attosecond Photon Science Facilities / Kemal Shafak ; Betreuer: Franz Kärtner." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1133262112/34.
Full textShafak, Kemal [Verfasser], and Franz X. [Akademischer Betreuer] Kärtner. "Large-Scale Laser-Microwave Synchronization for Attosecond Photon Science Facilities / Kemal Shafak ; Betreuer: Franz Kärtner." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:18-85229.
Full textHeißler, Patrick [Verfasser], and Ferenc [Akademischer Betreuer] Krausz. "Relativistic laser plasma interaction : a novel route to intense, single attosecond pulses / Patrick Heißler. Betreuer: Ferenc Krausz." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1024658643/34.
Full textBloch, Etienne. "Femtosecond and attosecond chiral dynamics investigated by velocity map imaging and photoelectron photoion coincidence spectroscopy." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0144.
Full textThe absence of mirror symmetry in the structure of a molecule, or chirality, is of fundamental importance in a broad range of fields, from biology, chemistry, drug synthesis, and physics. It is investigated here at its natural timescale, from femtosecond (10^{-15} s) to attosecond (10^{-18} s), by the use of ultrashort laser pulses. When a chiral molecule is ionized by a circularly polarized laser field, strong chirosensitive asymmetries can appear in the photoelectron angular distribution, namely photoelectron circular dichroism.We will see here how new generation high repetition rate laser beamline can be employed with a velocity map imaging spectrometer or a photoelectron-photoion coincidence spectrometer in order to access these asymmetries. The light-matter interaction will be investigated in two regimes. One the one hand, multiphoton ionization shows a high molecular sensitivity. Elliptically polarized fields will be used in particular to study the mechanisms of anisotropy of excitation. Fragmentation-dependent processes will be resolved with the coincidence detection, and femtosecond dynamics will be accessed by using time-resolved pump-probe schemes. On the other hand, strong field ionization provides a simplified semi-classical framework. It will be used to unravel the sub-optical cycle light-matter interaction at the origin of chiroptical processes by the use of tailored vectorial laser fields. This will enable us to understand how the individual photoelectron trajectories are imprinted with chirality, while enriching the strong-field toolbox with a highly sensitive observable
Jacqmin, Hermance. "Coherent combining of few-cycle pulses for the next generation of Terawatt-class laser sources devoted to attosecond physics." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLX064/document.
Full textThe framework of this thesis is the design and development of a TW-class, high-repetition rate, CEP-stabilized, few-cycle laser system devoted to attosecond physics. Few-cycle pulses includes only a few oscillations of the carrier wave (duration about 5 fs for 800nm central wavelength) and are not directly available at the output of typical femtosecond sources. One of the most popular techniques used for producing such pulses with high spatial quality is nonlinear spectral broadening in a gas-filled hollow-core fiber followed by temporal compression with chirped mirrors. However, as the input pulse energy approaches the milliJoule level, both the transmission and stability of hollow fiber compressors rapidly drop with the onset of self-focusing and ionization. A way of overcoming this limitation is to divide the input pulse into several lower energy replicas that can be subsequently recombined after independent spectral broadening in the fiber. In this thesis, the passive coherent combining of millijoule energy laser pulses down to few-cycle duration in a gas-filled hollow fiber is demonstrated for the first time. High combining efficiency is achieved by using carefully oriented calcite plates for temporal pulse division and recombination. Carrier-envelope phase (CEP)- stable, 6-fs, 800-nm pulses with more than 0.6 mJ energy were routinely generated in the case of twofold division and recombination. A detailed theoretical and experimental analysis of this temporal multiplexing technique is proposed to explain the conditions required for producing few-cycle pulses with high fidelity. In particular, an interferometric method for measuring the relative spectral phase between two replicas is demonstrated. This gives a measure of the phase mismatch in the combining plate, as well as that induced by eventual cross-phase modulation or ionization during propagation in the fiber. The effects degrading the combining process, as polarization change or nonlinear interactions between pulse replicas are analyzed in details. A method is proposed to overcome these limitations, even in the critical case of fourfold pulse division and combination
Liao, Chen-Ting, and Arvinder Sandhu. "XUV Transient Absorption Spectroscopy: Probing Laser-Perturbed Dipole Polarization in Single Atom, Macroscopic, and Molecular Regimes." MDPI AG, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624358.
Full textPeters, Michel. "Dynamique des électrons corrélés en champ laser intense." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29086/29086.pdf.
Full textKormin, Dmitrii [Verfasser], and Ferenc [Akademischer Betreuer] Krausz. "Development of high power pump laser for future sources of isolated attosecond pulses / Dmitrii Kormin ; Betreuer: Ferenc Krausz." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1238017339/34.
Full textHeider, Rupert Patrick [Verfasser], Reinhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Kienberger, Reinhard [Gutachter] Kienberger, and Christian [Gutachter] Back. "Attosecond Metrology – Characterization of X-ray Free-electron Laser Pulses via Angular Streaking and Application of Attosecond Spectroscopy on Liquid H2O / Rupert Patrick Heider ; Gutachter: Reinhard Kienberger, Christian Back ; Betreuer: Reinhard Kienberger." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1168798590/34.
Full textHeider, Rupert Patrick Verfasser], Reinhard [Akademischer Betreuer] [Kienberger, Reinhard [Gutachter] Kienberger, and Christian [Gutachter] Back. "Attosecond Metrology – Characterization of X-ray Free-electron Laser Pulses via Angular Streaking and Application of Attosecond Spectroscopy on Liquid H2O / Rupert Patrick Heider ; Gutachter: Reinhard Kienberger, Christian Back ; Betreuer: Reinhard Kienberger." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2018. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:91-diss-20180920-1442076-1-3.
Full textGonoskov, Arkady. "Ultra-intense laser-plasma interaction for applied and fundamental physics." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för fysik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-84245.
Full textTang, Suo [Verfasser], and Christoph H. [Akademischer Betreuer] Keitel. "Plasma High Harmonic Generation and Single Attosecond Pulse Emission from Ultraintense Laser Pulses / Suo Tang ; Betreuer: Christoph H. Keitel." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2018. http://d-nb.info/117725266X/34.
Full textKallala, Haithem. "Massively parallel algorithms for realistic PIC simulations of ultra high intensity laser-plasma interaction, application to attosecond pulses separation of Doppler harmonics." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASS052.
Full textThe complexity of the physical mechanisms involved in ultra-high intensity laser-plasma interaction requires the use of particularly heavy PIC simulations. At the heart of these computational codes, high-order pseudo-spectral Maxwell solvers have many advantages in terms of numerical accuracy. This numerical approach comes however with an expensive computational cost. Indeed, existing parallelization methods for pseudo-spectral solvers are only scalable to few tens of thousands of cores, or induce an important memory footprint, which also hinders the scaling of the method at large scales. In this thesis, we developed a novel, arbitrarily scalable, parallelization strategy for pseudo-spectral Maxwell's equations solvers which combines the advantages of existing parallelization techniques. This method proved to be more scalable than previously proposed approaches, while ensuring a significant drop in the total memory use.By capitalizing on this computational work, we conducted an extensive numerical and theoretical study in the field of high order harmonics generation on solid targets. In this context, when an ultra-intense (I>10¹⁶W.cm⁻²) ultra-short (few tens of femtoseconds) laser pulse irradiates a solid target, a reflective overdense plasma mirror is formed at the target-vacuum interface. The subsequent laser pulse non linear reflection is accompanied with the emission of coherent high order laser harmonics, in the form of attosecond X-UV light pulses (1 attosecond = 10⁻¹⁸s). For relativistic laser intensities (I>10¹⁹ W.cm⁻²), the plasma surface is curved under the laser radiation pressure. And the plasma mirror acts as a focusing optics for the radiated harmonic beam. In this thesis, we investigated feasible ways for producing isolated attosecond light pulses from relativistic plasma-mirror harmonics, with the so called attosecond lighthouse effect. This effect relies introducing a wavefront rotation on the driving laser pulse in order to send attosecond pulses emitted during different laser optical cycles along different directions. In the case of high order harmonics generated in the relativistic regime, the plasma mirror curvature significantly increases the attosecond pulses divergence and prevents their separation with the attosecond lighthouse scheme. For this matter, we developed two harmonic divergence reduction techniques, based on tailoring the laser pulse phase or amplitude profiles in order to significantly inhibit the plasma mirror focusing effect and allow for a clear separation of attosecond light pulses by reducing the harmonic beam divergence. Furthermore, we developed an analytical model to predict optimal interaction conditions favoring attosecond pulses separation. This model was fully validated with 2D and 3D PIC simulations over a broad range of laser and plasma parameters. In the end, we show that under realistic laser and plasma conditions, it is possible to produce isolated attosecond pulses from Doppler harmonics
Schweinberger, Hans Wolfgang Verfasser], and Ferenc [Akademischer Betreuer] [Krausz. "A laser source for the generation of intense attosecond pulses and its first applications / Hans Wolfgang Schweinberger. Betreuer: Ferenc Krausz." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1063874947/34.
Full textComby, Antoine. "Dynamiques ultrarapides de molécules chirales en phase gazeuse." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0230/document.
Full textChirality is a geometric property that characterizes objects that cannot be superposed on their mirror image. Our hands are an emblematic example of this, since they exist in two different forms, right and left. While chirality is observed at all scales in the universe, it plays a particularly important role in chemistry. A chiral molecule and its mirror image can react differently with their environment and be therapeutic or toxic. These effects obviously have immense repercussions on the animal and plant kingdom. It then becomes clear that it is essential to study precisely the dynamics of chiral chemical reactions.In this thesis, we studied the ultrafast dynamics of chiral molecules by laser sources of femtosecond duration ($10^{-15}$ s). Molecular chirality is generally difficult to detect, so we have used a recent technique, circular photoelectron dichroism (PECD), to generate a very important chiral signal. We have thus observed ultrafast molecular dynamics at the attosecond scale ($10^{-18}$ s), and highlighted relaxation and ionization dynamics never observed before.In parallel to these time-resolved studies, we have developed several experiments using a new high repetition rate, high mean power Yb fiber laser. We have developed a new method, by extending the PECD, that has allowed us to measure the composition of chiral samples quickly and accurately. Finally, we have developed an ultra-short XUV beamline with very high brightness ($sim 2$ mW). This source, coupled with a photoelectron and photoion coincidence detector, will be used to study chiral recognition mechanisms
Schönenberger, Norbert [Verfasser], Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] Hommelhoff, and Philip [Gutachter] Russell. "Control of free electrons with ultrafast laser pulses:Generation of attosecond electron pulse trains / Norbert Schönenberger ; Gutachter: Philip Russell ; Betreuer: Peter Hommelhoff." Erlangen : Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 2021. http://d-nb.info/1239898436/34.
Full textWyatt, Adam Stacey. "Spectral interferometry for the complete characterisation of near infrared femtosecond and extreme ultraviolet attosecond pulses." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2007. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:22b7750a-6328-42c1-a7f6-965523858c05.
Full textLabeye, Marie. "Molecules interacting with short and intense laser pulses : simulations of correlated ultrafast dynamics." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS193/document.
Full textIn this thesis we study different aspects of the ultrafast dynamics of atoms and molecules triggered by intense and short infrared laser pulses. Highly non-linear processes like tunnel ionization, high order harmonic generation and above threshold ionization are investigated. Two different and complementary approaches are used. On the one hand we construct approximate analytical models to get physical insight on these processes. On the other hand, these models are supported by the results of accurate numerical simulations that explicitly solve the time dependent Schrödinger equation for simple benchmark models in reduced dimensions. A numerical method based on time dependent configuration interaction is investigated to describe larger and more more complex systems with several electrons
Gilbertson, Steve. "Double optical gating." Diss., Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/4250.
Full textPlatzer, Dominique. "Spectroscopie de photoionisation d’atomes et molécules en phase gazeuse aux échelles de temps femtoseconde et attoseconde." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASP088.
Full textIn this work are studied atomic and molecular systems in the gas phase using time-resolved electron pump-probe spectroscopy on the femtosecond (1 fs = 10⁻¹⁵ s) and attosecond (1 as = 10⁻¹⁸ s) timescales on the SE1 beamline of the ATTOLab platform. First, the femtosecond dissociation of methyl iodide following the absorption of one UV photon was investigated by Auger spectroscopy and multiphoton ionization (ATI-IR). In the latter case, a relaxation dynamic with 75 fs caracteristic time was evidenced for the part of the nuclear wavepacket confined to small internuclear distances. Second, the attosecond ionization dynamics of argon were studied over a large spectral range including Cooper minima. This study required: (i) a coherent light source in the extreme ultra-violet (photon energy in the 10-100 eV range) based on high harmonic generation and producing attosecond pulse trains, and (ii) an electron interferometry technique giving access to the spectral phase of the photoemitted wavepackets. The latter are used to extract the attosecond photoemission time delays that can be interpreted as the time necessary for the electron to escape from the atomic potential. Strong variations of the time delays were observed between the 3s and 3p valence shells, revealing important electronic correlation effects, like the presence of shake-up ionization channels. To be able to reconstruct the complete movie of the photoionization process, one needs to add spatial information to the spectral/temporal measurements. Two-photon resonant ionization of helium through the 1s3p state was then studied, using a velocity-map imaging (VMI) spectrometer instead of the angularly-integrating magnetic-bottle electron spectrometer used in the previous studies. An extremely fast spectral phase shift was measured, quite homogeneously up to 45° emission angles, thus giving a more complete view of the process. Finally, a new VMI spectrometer was designed, built and installed on the beamline. Its main specifications (energy range and resolution) were optimized for attosecond spectroscopy, mainly through the development of a new electrostatic lens
Beaulieu, Samuel. "Probing femtosecond and attosecond electronic and chiral dynamics : high-order harmonic generation, XUV free induction decay, photoelectron spectroscopy and Coulomb explosion." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0063/document.
Full textThis thesis manuscript is articulated around the investigation of the interaction between ultrashort light pulses and gas-phase atoms, polyatomic and chiral molecules. Using the toolboxes developed in attosecond and strong-field physics as well as in femtochemistry, our general goal is to reach a better understanding of subtle effects underlying ultrafast light-induced dynamics in matter.To do so, we developed cutting-edge near-infrared and mid-infrared few-cycle light sources, which were used to build a water-window soft-X-ray source based on high order harmonic generation (HHG), as well as to study new HHG channels involving highly-excited (Rydberg) states. The latter study revealed a delayed HHG emission from the ionization of Rydberg states and radiative recombination onto the electronicground state, triggering our interest in the role of Rydberg states in strong-field physics. This led us to investigate the laser-induced XUV Free Induced Decay from electronic wave packets as a new background-free 2D spectroscopic technique.More over, we have found out that strong-field interaction with a well prepared coherent superposition of electronic states led to the generation of hyper-Ramanlines concomitant with standard high-order harmonics. These spectral features were predicted in the early-days theoretical calculations of HHG but had never been reported experimentally.After these experiments in rare gas atoms, we moved to molecular targets, in whichlight-induced electronic excitation can trigger nuclear dynamics. Using simple benchmark molecules, we have studied dynamics involving the participation of both nuclear and electronic degrees of freedom: first, we studied the ultrafast non adiabatic photoisomerization of the acetylene cation into vinylidene cation, andsecond, we investigated the coherent control of electron localization during molecular photodissociation of H2+. The simplicity of these molecular targets enabled the comparison of the experimental results with state-of-the-art theoretical calculations,revealing the importance of the coupling between nuclear and electronic degrees of freedom in photoinduced molecular dynamics.The other major pillar of this thesis is the study of ionization of chiral molecules usingchiral light pulses. It has been known since the 70s that the ionization from an ensemble of randomly oriented chiral molecules, using circularly polarized light pulse,leads to a strong forward-backward asymmetry in the number of emitted photoelectrons, along the light propagation axis (Photoelectron Circular Dichroism,PECD). Prior to this thesis, PECD was widely studied at synchrotron facilities (single photonionization) and had recently been demonstrated using table-top lasers in resonant-enhanced multiphoton ionization schemes. In this thesis, we have shownthat PECD is a universal effect, i.e. that it emerges in all ionization regimes, from single photon ionization, to few-photon ionization, to above-threshold ionization, up to the tunneling ionization regime. This bridges the gap between chiral photoionizationand strong-field physics. Next, we have shown how the combination of standard femtochemistry approaches and PECD can be used to follow the dynamics of photoexcited chiral molecules using time-resolved PECD. Using similar experimental approaches, but by using pulse sequences with counter-intuitive polarization states,we have demonstrated a novel electric dipolar chiroptical effect, called Photoexcitation Circular Dichroism (PXCD), which emerges as a directional and chirosensitive electron current when multiple excited bound states of chiral molecules are coherently populated with chiral light. Last, we introduced a time-domain perspective on chiral photoionization by measuring the forward-backward asymmetry of photoionization delays in chiral molecules photoionized by chiral light pulses. Our work thus carried chiral-sensitive studies down to the femtosecond and attosecond ranges
Mang, Matthias M. "Interferometric spatio-temporal characterisation of ultrashort light pulses." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:163c5374-1466-4c4d-a0f5-c4e66b27e2ac.
Full textBourassin-Bouchet, Charles. "Optiques pour les impulsions attosecondes." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00657772.
Full textQuintard, Ludovic. "Caractérisation et contrôle des profils spatiaux, spectraux et temporels de faisceaux XUV obtenus par génération d’harmoniques d’ordres élevés dans des gaz." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0641/document.
Full textWe present our work on the control of high order harmonic generation in gases.We first show how, by generating the harmonics outside the focus of the IR beam,it is possible to control the spatial phase of the harmonics in the generating mediumallowing to obtain a divergent, collimated or convergent wavefront. With this methodwe show that it is possible to focus the harmonics up to six Rayleigh length after thefocal point of the IR beam. Then we study XUV harmonic beams presenting structuredspacio-spectral distributions in the far field. In this study, we observe the influence ofthe diameter of an iris positioned before the focusing of the IR. In a third step we studymethods for controlling the harmonic spectrum. First, we finely control the harmonicscentral wavelength by modifiying the spectral content of the IR by adding two delayedIR pulses. Then we used the collective effects of the high order harmonic generationin order to foster a specific harmonic or a group of harmonics in the far field. Finally,we present a method for characterizing the duration of attosecond pulses in the timedomain. This method, called ionization ladder, uses ionization as a probe to measurepulse duration of up to hundreds of attosecond
Chopineau, Ludovic. "Physique attoseconde relativiste sur miroirs plasmas." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS132/document.
Full textWhen an ultra-intense femtosecond laser beam [Iʟ > 10¹⁶ W/cm²] is focused on a solid target, the surface becomes completely ionized during the first optical cycles of the laser pulse. Due to their solid-like density and to their limited expansion into the vacuum such plasmas specularly reflect these pulses, just like ordinary mirrors do for low intensity. These plasmas are now used in many scientific applications like particle acceleration by laser light as well as high-order harmonic generation, associated to a train of attosecond pulses in the time domain. Nevertheless, to favor these emissions of light or particle, the energy transfert between the incident field and the dense plasma is crucial. The aim of this thesis is to better understand these interactions through the characterization of high-order harmonics and relativistic electron beams generated on plasma mirrors. We reported in this manuscript the first detailed experimental and numerical study of the coupling mechanisms involved between an ultra-intense laser light [Iʟ > 10¹⁸ W/cm²] and a dense plasma, and more specifically as a function of the gradient scale length Lg. These results enabled to identify two different regimes, clarifying some physical issues. Furthermore, beyond these fondamental aspects, the control of these sources is essential, particularly for futures pump-probe experiments or new spectroscopies. For that, several approaches have been studied to temporally and spatially shape these ultra-short light pulses, thus opening up new perspectives for these sources. We demonstrate in particular the generation of intense XUV vortex beam either by spatially shaping the incident IR field or the dense plasma created at the target surface as well as controlling the electron dynamics on the attosecond time scale with relativistic two-color waveforms. Finally, an innovative method based on in-situ ptychographic measurements has been developed to simultaneously characterize in time and space these ultrashort XUV light pulses, constituting one of the major challenges of the community
Clergerie, Alex. "Modélisation de spectroscopie moléculaire par paquets d'électrons attosecondes." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0243.
Full textOn the basis of previous numerical simulations for atomic targets, we develop a model to describe high-orderharmonic generation in molecules subjected to short and intense laser pulses. In this process, anelectron wavepacket launched through ionization is driven by the field and comes back to the molecular ioniccore that it probes on the attosecond timescale. Our model, to which we refer to as molCTMC-QUEST,describes ionization and electron propagation into the continuum classically, in terms of electron trajectories, while photorecombination is described quantum mechanically. We present the methodology that wehave built, and we later apply it to harmonic generation in water molecules. After simulations in which themolecules remain frozen in their equilibrium geometry throughout the interaction, we explicitly take intoaccount nuclear vibration between ionization and recombination. molCTMC-QUEST provides a quantitativedescription of the generation process combined with an intuitive picture of the interaction inherent in theclassical description of electron dynamics
Ruf, Hartmut. "Dynamique moléculaire par imagerie attoseconde." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00803390.
Full textGeorgescu, Ionut. "Rare-gas clusters in intense VUV laser fields." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-ds-1226316004337-66645.
Full textGeorgescu, Ionut. "Rare-gas clusters in intense VUV laser fields." Doctoral thesis, Technische Universität Dresden, 2008. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A24072.
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