Journal articles: 'Attributional theory'

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Flora, Parminder K., Shaelyn M. Strachan, Lawrence R. Brawley, and Kevin S. Spink. "Exercise Identity and Attribution Properties Predict Negative Self-Conscious Emotions for Exercise Relapse." Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 34, no. 5 (October 2012): 647–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsep.34.5.647.

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Research on exercise identity (EXID) indicates that it is related to negative affect when exercisers are inconsistent or relapse. Although identity theory suggests that causal attributions about this inconsistency elicit negative self-conscious emotions of shame and guilt, no EXID studies have examined this for exercise relapse. Weiner’s attribution-based theory of interpersonal motivation (2010) offers a means of testing the attribution-emotion link. Using both frameworks, we examined whether EXID and attributional properties predicted negative emotions for exercise relapse. Participants (n = 224) read an exercise relapse vignette, and then completed EXID, attributions, and emotion measures. Hierarchical multiple regression models using EXID and the attributional property of controllability significantly predicted each of shame and guilt, R2 adjusted = .09, ps ≤ .001. Results support identity theory suggestions and Weiner’s specific attribution-emotion hypothesis. This first demonstration of an interlinking of EXID, controllability, and negative self-conscious emotions offers more predictive utility using complementary theories than either theory alone.

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White, Michael J., and Debra L. Lilly. "Teaching Attribution Theory with a Videotaped Illustration." Teaching of Psychology 16, no. 4 (December 1989): 218–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15328023top1604_14.

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A videotaped illustration of Kelley's (1973) covariation attribution model is described. The videotape contains sets of sequentially presented behavioral situations that lead students to analyze information using Kelley's model. A description of one set of scenes illustrated on the videotape is provided. The cognitive implications of the use of videotaped illustrations to improve understanding of attributional concepts are noted. Informal observation suggests that the videotape illustration is highly effective. Students are easily able to make appropriate attributions using Kelley's model and to apply them to real-life situations.

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Chiou, Wen-Bin. "Customers' Attributional Judgments towards Complaint Handling in Airline Service: A Confirmatory Study Based on Attribution Theory." Psychological Reports 100, no. 3_suppl (June 2007): 1141–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.100.4.1141-1150.

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Besides flight safety, complaint handling plays a crucial role in airline service. Based upon Kelley's attribution theory, in the present study customers' attributions were examined under different conditions of complaint handling by the airlines. There were 531 passengers (216 women; ages 21 to 63 years, M = 41.5, SD = 11.1) with experiences of customer complaints who were recruited while awaiting boarding. Participants received one hypothetical scenario of three attributional conditions about complaint handling and then reported their attributional judgments. The findings indicated that the passengers were most likely to attribute the company's complaint handling to unconditional compliance when the airline company reacted to customer complaints under low distinctiveness, high consistency, and when consensus among the airlines was low. On the other hand, most passengers attributed the company's complaint handling to conditional compliance under the conditions in which distinctiveness, consistency, and consensus were all high. The results provide further insights into how different policies of complaint management affect customers' attributions. Future directions and managerial implications are also discussed.

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Phoenix, Gregory M., Michael J. Kalsher, and Matthew V. Champagne. "Allocation of Responsibility for Injuries Sustained from the Use of Technologically-Mediated Consumer Products." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 41, no. 1 (October 1997): 400–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107118139704100188.

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Kelly's (1972) theory of causal attribution was used as a basis for assessing how participants allocated responsibility for injuries sustained in four fictitious product-use scenarios. Each scenario described an injury (mild or severe) that occurred during the use of a consumer product that was mediated by a computerized device. Different versions of each product-use scenario were created to account for manipulations of consensus, consistency, distinctiveness, and injury type. Results showed that participants' overall scores of attribution allocations were consistent with Kelly's attributional model and McArthur's (1972) findings. In situations of low consensus, high consistency, and low distinctiveness, participants made internal causal attributions; and for situations of high consensus, consistency, and distinctiveness, participants made external attributions. The manipulation of accident severity (mild or severe) had no significant effect on attributional tendencies. The availability of a product-use warning was associated with a greater tendency to attribute responsibility for the injury to the consumer. Implications of these results are discussed and suggestions for further research are offered.

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Tennert, Falk. "An attributional analysis of corporate reporting in crisis situations." Journal of Communication Management 18, no. 4 (October 28, 2014): 422–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcom-09-2012-0074.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to use an attributional approach to examine press coverage in Germany dealing with Toyota’s 2010 global product recall due to purportedly defective brakes. The research focuses on the attributions of cause and responsibility and, thereby, the practices of media-brokered selection and interpretation of events. Design/methodology/approach – The methodology used is a quantitative content analysis of selected German print media. Corporate reporting is analysed with the help of attribution theory approaches from the field of psychology, which, when applied to public relations themes, thereby enables the identification of latent and manifest risk factors that emerge from the perceived responsibility of the media. Findings – Causal attributions are an essential aspect of coverage in acute crisis situations. The key findings show a dominance of internal attributions of responsibility in which the media interprets the crisis as self inflicted and ascribes a high level of fault on the company. Exonerating attributions according to a self-serving bias find little resonance in the coverage. The responsibility attributed to Toyota by the media coverage to a sustained damage to the company’s reputation. Originality/value – The study demonstrates that attribution theory can be productively applied to questions of communication management. This approach enables an analysis of attribution discourse as well as the potential long-term effects on the company’s reputation. Thus, the original value of this study lies in the psychological foundation of organisational risk and opportunity.

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Coggans, Niall, and John B. Davies. "Explanations for Heroin Use." Journal of Drug Issues 18, no. 3 (July 1988): 457–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002204268801800310.

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This paper examines, from the perspective of “attribution theory,” the role of explanations (for drug use) in giving up drug use. In particular, the “functional utility” of explanations (attributions) in the service of self-esteem needs is discussed. It appears that, in a group of heroin users, explanations are consistently related to level or pattern of heroin use in a manner with considerable utility for self-esteem. The attributional strategies employed, and the implications of particular attributions (explanations) for drug use are also discussed.

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Weiner, Bernard. "Attribution theory and attributional therapy: Some theoretical observations and suggestions." British Journal of Clinical Psychology 27, no. 1 (February 1988): 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8260.1988.tb00757.x.

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Ployhart, Robert E., and Crystal M. Harold. "The Applicant Attribution-Reaction Theory (AART): An Integrative Theory of Applicant Attributional Processing." International Journal of Selection and Assessment 12, no. 1-2 (March 2004): 84–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0965-075x.2004.00266.x.

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Graham, Sandra. "An attributional theory of motivation." Contemporary Educational Psychology 61 (April 2020): 101861. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2020.101861.

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Lakshman, C. "Attributional theory of leadership: a model of functional attributions and behaviors." Leadership & Organization Development Journal 29, no. 4 (June 13, 2008): 317–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01437730810876131.

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Green, Thomas D., Roger C. Bailey, Otto Zinser, and Dale E. Williams. "Causal Attribution and Affective Response as Mediated by Task Performance and Self-Acceptance." Psychological Reports 75, no. 3_suppl (December 1994): 1555–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1994.75.3f.1555.

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Predictions derived from cognitive consistency theories, self-esteem theories, and ego-serving-bias theory concerning how students would make attributional and affective responses to their academic performance were investigated. 202 university students completed a measure of self-acceptance of their college ability and made attributional and affective responses to an hypothetical examination performance. Analyses showed that students receiving positive feedback perceived greater internal causality and responded with greater positive affect than students receiving negative feedback. Self-acceptance did not moderate the attributions or affective reactions. The results supported the ego-serving-bias theory and provided partial support for self-esteem theory. Findings did not support predictions from cognitive-consistency theory.

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Vargas, Gray A., and Peter A. Arnett. "Attributional Style and Depression in Multiple Sclerosis." International Journal of MS Care 15, no. 2 (June 1, 2013): 81–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.7224/1537-2073.2012-021.

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Several etiologic theories have been proposed to explain depression in the general population. Studying these models and modifying them for use in the multiple sclerosis (MS) population may allow us to better understand depression in MS. According to the reformulated learned helplessness (LH) theory, individuals who attribute negative events to internal, stable, and global causes are more vulnerable to depression. This study differentiated attributional style that was or was not related to MS in 52 patients with MS to test the LH theory in this population and to determine possible differences between illness-related and non-illness-related attributions. Patients were administered measures of attributional style, daily stressors, disability, and depressive symptoms. Participants were more likely to list non-MS-related than MS-related causes of negative events on the Attributional Style Questionnaire (ASQ), and more-disabled participants listed significantly more MS-related causes than did less-disabled individuals. Non-MS-related attributional style correlated with stress and depressive symptoms, but MS-related attributional style did not correlate with disability or depressive symptoms. Stress mediated the effect of non-MS-related attributional style on depressive symptoms. These results suggest that, although attributional style appears to be an important construct in MS, it does not seem to be related directly to depressive symptoms; rather, it is related to more perceived stress, which in turn is related to increased depressive symptoms.

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Holleman, Marsha Cline, John I. Thornby, and Joseph M. Merrill. "Substance Abusers: Role of Personal and Professional Role Traits in Caregivers' Causal Attributions." Psychological Reports 86, no. 2 (April 2000): 407–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.2000.86.2.407.

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Substance abuse continues to be a major health problem compounded by caregivers' negative attitudes toward these patients. We investigated attributions 55 primary care physicians and 315 senior medical students make toward substance abusers. Half of both groups expressed negative causal attributions, with women slightly less negative than men. Mental models based on LISREL regression coefficients showed that higher negative attributions by both physicians and students were related to their increased authoritarianism and depressed mood. Medical students choosing careers in primary care specialties, including psychiatry, expressed a less negative attributional style toward substance abusers than those students entering nonprimary careers. Health professional educators may find that using attribution theory to redefine successful outcomes in management of substance abuse can result in better attitudes for caregivers.

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Reisenzein, Rainer. "Varieties of Cognition-Arousal Theory." Emotion Review 9, no. 1 (November 11, 2016): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1754073916639665.

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Three main versions of cognition-arousal theory are distinguished depending on how they interpret the theory’s basic postulate, that an emotion is a function of cognition and arousal: objectivist causal theories, attributional theories, and fusion theories. The objectivist causal and attributional theories each comprise a causal-functional and a part-whole version, and the fusion theory subsumes in particular a categorization and a perceptual integration version. In addition, the attributional version of cognition-arousal theory can be reinterpreted as a theory of emotion self-ascription. Although arousal may in fact not be necessary for emotions, a modified cognition-feeling theory that replaces arousal with intrinsically affective feelings, seems still viable. Arguments are presented why the objectivist causal-functional version of this theory should be preferred.

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Kálmán, Csaba, and Esther Gutierrez Eugenio. "Successful language learning in a corporate setting: The role of attribution theory and its relation to intrinsic and extrinsic motivation." Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching 5, no. 4 (December 10, 2015): 583–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/ssllt.2015.5.4.4.

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Attribution theory (Weiner, 1985) and self-determination theory (Deci & Ryan, 1985) have been explored as contributors to L2 motivation (cf. Dörnyei, 2001) but have never been studied quantitatively in concert. In addition, students’ attributions for success in learning a foreign language have never been measured through the use of a questionnaire. The aim of this paper is therefore (a) to develop a questionnaire with reliable constructs that allows to measure adult learners’ attributions for their success in learning English in a corporate setting, (b) to investigate these learners’ attributions, and (c) to investigate the relationship between students’ attributions and the constructs of Intrinsic and Extrinsic motivation central to self-determination theory. Our main results show that among the attributions measured, interest, effort and corporate culture seemed to be the main causes that students recognised as directly involved in their success in learning English. Of all the attributional scales, interest and ability appeared to importantly contribute to intrinsic motivation, while corporate culture, encounters with foreign professionals and ability contributed to a lower extent to extrinsic motivation. It must be noted, however, that attributions for success to teacher and task were so consistently high that they could not be reliably measured with the questionnaire.

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Alloy, Lauren B., Lyn Y. Abramson, Gerald I. Metalsky, and Shirley Hartlage. "The hopelessness theory of depression: Attributional aspects." British Journal of Clinical Psychology 27, no. 1 (February 1988): 5–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8260.1988.tb00749.x.

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Brewin, Chris. "An attributional theory of motivation and emotion." Behaviour Research and Therapy 25, no. 5 (1987): 440. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0005-7967(87)90036-2.

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Goldstein, Benjamin I., Gregory M. Buchanan, John R. Z. Abela, and Martin E. P. Seligman. "Attributional Style and Life Events: A Diathesis-Stress Theory of Alcohol Consumption." Psychological Reports 87, no. 3 (December 2000): 949–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.2000.87.3.949.

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The role of a cognitive diathesis-stress model in predicting changes in alcohol consumption was examined. This study evaluated the interaction of attributional style with negative life events in predicting changes in beer, wine, spirits, and overall alcohol consumption. 93 undergraduate participants completed the Khavari Alcohol Test, Negative Life Events Questionnaire, and Attributional Style Questionnaire. The interaction of attributional style with negative life events predicted increases in spirits consumption between Time 1 and Time 2.

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Waszczuk, M. A., A. E. Coulson, A. M. Gregory, and T. C. Eley. "A longitudinal twin and sibling study of the hopelessness theory of depression in adolescence and young adulthood." Psychological Medicine 46, no. 9 (March 28, 2016): 1935–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291716000489.

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BackgroundMaladaptive cognitive biases such as negative attributional style and hopelessness have been implicated in the development and maintenance of depression. According to the hopelessness theory of depression, hopelessness mediates the association between attributional style and depression. The aetiological processes underpinning this influential theory remain unknown. The current study investigated genetic and environmental influences on hopelessness and its concurrent and longitudinal associations with attributional style and depression across adolescence and emerging adulthood. Furthermore, given high co-morbidity between depression and anxiety, the study investigated whether these maladaptive cognitions constitute transdiagnostic cognitive content common to both internalizing symptoms.MethodA total of 2619 twins/siblings reported attributional style (mean age 15 and 17 years), hopelessness (mean age 17 years), and depression and anxiety symptoms (mean age 17 and 20 years).ResultsPartial correlations revealed that attributional style and hopelessness were uniquely associated with depression but not anxiety symptoms. Hopelessness partially mediated the relationship between attributional style and depression. Hopelessness was moderately heritable (A = 0.37, 95% confidence interval 0.28–0.47), with remaining variance accounted for by non-shared environmental influences. Independent pathway models indicated that a set of common genetic influences largely accounted for the association between attributional style, hopelessness and depression symptoms, both concurrently and across development.ConclusionsThe results provide novel evidence that associations between attributional style, hopelessness and depression symptoms are largely due to shared genetic liability, suggesting developmentally stable biological pathways underpinning the hopelessness theory of depression. Both attributional style and hopelessness constituted unique cognitive content in depression. The results inform molecular genetics research and cognitive treatment approaches.

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Kneebone, I. I., S. Guerrier, E. Dunmore, E. Jones, and C. Fife-Schaw. "A Longitudinal Examination of the Hopelessness Theory of Depression in People Who Have Multiple Sclerosis." Behavioural Neurology 2015 (2015): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/190405.

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Purpose. Hopelessness theory predicts that negative attributional style will interact with negative life events over time to predict depression. The intention of this study was to test this in a population who are at greater risk of negative life events, people with Multiple Sclerosis (MS).Method. Data, including measures of attributional style, negative life events, and depressive symptoms, were collected via postal survey in 3 phases, each one a year apart.Results. Responses were received from over 380 participants at each study phase. Negative attributional style was consistently able to predict future depressive symptoms at low to moderate levels of association; however, this ability was not sustained when depressive symptoms at Phase 1 were controlled for. No substantial evidence to support the hypothesised interaction of negative attributional style and negative life events was found.Conclusions. Findings were not supportive of the causal interaction proposed by the hopelessness theory of depression. Further work considering other time frames, using methods to prime attributional style before assessment and specifically assessing the hopelessness subtype of depression, may prove to be more fruitful. Intervention directly to address attributional style should also be considered.

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Kirmayer, Laurence J. "Resistance, Reactance, and Reluctance to Change: A Cognitive Attributional Approach to Strategic Interventions." Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy 4, no. 2 (January 1990): 83–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0889-8391.4.2.83.

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The metaphor of resistance supports a view of psychotherapy as a struggle against patients’ willful opposition. Strategic psychotherapy claims a special efficacy in working with resistant interactions through a shift in metaphor from resistance to the notion of joining. This paper provides a rationale for the application of joining interventions in terms of cognitive attribution theory. The same conservative cognitive processes that give rise to symptoms also result in many of the interactional phenomena of resistance. Attributions of causality and control to self or other lead to cognitive processes of dissonance reduction, reactance, emotional exacerbation, and withdrawal. The broad concept of resistance can then be replaced by a more detailed description of cognitive modes allowing psychotherapists to tailor interventions to the specific cognitive mechanisms that maintain symptoms. The cognitive attributional approach to resistance makes it apparent that there is no need for subterfuge or misdirection in strategic psychotherapy.

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Sharrock, Robert, Andrew Day, Fara Qazi, and Chris R. Brewin. "Explanations by professional care staff, optimism and helping behaviour: an application of attribution theory." Psychological Medicine 20, no. 4 (November 1990): 849–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291700036540.

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SynopsisIt is demonstrated first that staff explanations of problem behaviour can be reliably coded using a modified form of the Attributional Style Questionnaire; and second, that staff explanations are related through staff optimism to anticipated helping behaviour. This supports the hypothesis that, in professional staff, an important determinant of helping is optimism arising from attributions of a patient's problems. The influence of affective judgements, as emphasized in Weiner's (1986) theory of helping behaviour, is not supported.

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Sserwanga, Arthur, and Gerrit Rooks. "Cognitive consequences of business shut down. The case of Ugandan repeat entrepreneurs." International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research 20, no. 3 (April 29, 2014): 263–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijebr-10-2012-0120.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to focus on the cognitive and motivational consequences of a business failure, and their relation with subsequent start up success. The paper hypothesizes that if previous business failure was attributed to an internal and stable cause, subsequent business would be less successful compared to where an entrepreneur attributed business failure to an internal and unstable cause. Design/methodology/approach – The authors reviewed the literature on attribution theory in an achievement context and derived a hypothesis about the relation between causal thinking and subsequent business success. A survey amongst entrepreneurs in Uganda was carried out to yield insights on how attributions to past performance influence subsequent business performance. Findings – Entrepreneurs who attributed previous business failure to an internal, stable cause were found to be less successful in subsequent business start up. When repeat entrepreneurs attribute previous shut down to a lack of ability, they are less successful in a subsequent business start up. However, attributing the failure to a lack of effort, does not affect subsequent business success. Originality/value – The study reaffirms the importance of attributional thinking in entrepreneurship and provides empirical evidence on the relationship between the way entrepreneurs think about their previous performance and subsequent performance. Attributional thinking influences subsequent business actions and outcomes, which offers important practical applications. For instance training to change attributions of entrepreneurs may be used to influence their eventual performance.

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Goncalo, Jack A. "AN ATTRIBUTIONAL THEORY OF CONVERGENT THINKING IN GROUPS." Academy of Management Proceedings 2006, no. 1 (August 2006): A1—A6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2006.22898583.

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Weiner, Bernard. "An attributional theory of achievement motivation and emotion." Psychological Review 92, no. 4 (1985): 548–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0033-295x.92.4.548.

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Graham, Sandra, Bernard Weiner, and Gail Sahar Zucker. "An Attributional Analysis of Punishment Goals and Public Reactions to O. J. Simpson." Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 23, no. 4 (April 1997): 331–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146167297234001.

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Two studies examined the attributional determinants of punishment decisions. Study 1 investigated public reactions to 0. J. Simpson during the week following his arrest for the murder of his ex-wife. Respondents who believed Simpson was guilty were asked about their perceptions of the causes of his alleged crime, their affective reactions of anger and sympathy, how much punishment he should receive, and their endorsement of retributive and utilitarian punishment goals. In Study 2 college students made similar judgments about a hypothetical defendant accused of murder. Both studies support an attributional analysis of relations between causal controllability, stability, sympathy and anger, punishment severity, and specific punishment goals. Implications for attribution theory, as well as the distinction between retributive versus utilitarian punishment goals, are discussed.

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Bogumil, David Daniel. "THE UNITED STATES AND RUSSIA IN THE NEW WORLD ORDER: THE DYNAMICS OF RECIPROCITY AND THE ATTRIBUTIONAL ASSESSMENT OF PERCEPTION AND BEHAVIOR." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 30, no. 2 (January 1, 2002): 169–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2002.30.2.169.

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International relations research has examined the relationship of the United States and Russia using a theoretical framework of reciprocity. The reciprocity research has subsumed the attributional characteristics of these actions and events that have shaped this relationship. This study evaluates the relationship between the United States and Russia. This dyadic relationship is examined by a reconceptualization of the character of reciprocal interaction between the United States and Russia. Reciprocity and attribution theory provide a heuristic to elucidate the transition to a New World Order. The international relations research on reciprocity reveals the general case for reciprocity between the United States and Russia. Attribution theory permits the decomposition of the perceptual and behavioral states of dyadic interactants.

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Ignatova, Valentina, Larisa Baranovskaya, Mikhail Kudryavtsev, Alena Galimova, Gennady Galimov, Bator Dagbaev, Sergey Doroshenko, et al. "Features of Students’ Attributional Style." SHS Web of Conferences 50 (2018): 01017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20185001017.

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Attributional style or explanatory style is a cognitive personal feature reflecting a standard specific way of explaining the reasons of events in which people are involved. This concept is key in M. Seligman’s theory of learned helplessness and depression. M. Seligman and his followers experimentally proved that the person becomes helpless in case he is convinced that nothing depends on his active actions, that evil events happen accidentally, and it is impossible to change them. The paper describes features of attributional style of junior students and provides recommendations on overcoming its negative consequences.

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Wain, Helen, Ian I. Kneebone, and Mark Cropley. "Attributional Intervention for Depression in Two People with Multiple Sclerosis (MS): Single Case Design." Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 39, no. 1 (October 15, 2010): 115–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1352465810000536.

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Background: Depression is common in those with MS. The hopelessness theory of depression, emphasizing the role of attributional style, is supported in this population. Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) that can affect attributional style can reduce depression in people who have MS. Aims: The present study aimed to consider whether changing attributional style would reduce depression in two people with MS, thereby supporting the importance of this component of CBT with this population. Method: Two female participants with MS were offered a 5-session intervention designed to alter attributional style. The study followed an ABA design. Attributional style and depressive symptoms were the principal measures considered. Negative life events and MS related stresses were also monitored. Results: The intervention appeared effective for one of the participants, with predicted changes in attributional style and sizeable reductions in depressive symptoms from pre- to post-treatment that were sustained at 3-month follow-up. Improvement was still evident at 6 months, although with some reduction of effect. The intervention was less successful for the other participant who declined further treatment after three sessions. Conclusions: Some support for the hopelessness theory of depression was found, indicating its relevance to CBT interventions for those who have MS and depression.

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Lachenicht, Lance. "Book Review: An Attributional Theory of Motivation and Emotion." South African Journal of Psychology 18, no. 3 (September 1988): 109–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/008124638801800307.

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Duda, Joan L., and Maria T. Allison. "The attributional theory of achievement motivation: Cross-cultural considerations." International Journal of Intercultural Relations 13, no. 1 (January 1989): 37–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0147-1767(89)90034-5.

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Carroll, Mary Clare, Shirley V. Carter, and Evelyn R. Hayes. "Attributional Theory Applied to a Baccalaureate Nursing Community Experience." Journal of Nursing Education 32, no. 4 (April 1993): 163–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/0148-4834-19930401-08.

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Badahdah, Abdallah M. "Attribution and Helping Behavior: Testing the Attribution-Affect-Help Judgment Model in a Saudi Sample." Psychological Reports 97, no. 2 (October 2005): 538–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.97.2.538-544.

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A review of the literature on Weiner's attributional theory indicates that the theory has not been tested in Arabic cultures. The present study examined the reactions of Saudi men toward a friend with AIDS, using Weiner's attributional theory of social motivation. A sample of 298 Saudi men read two different vignettes about a friend with AIDS, in which the cause of AIDS was manipulated. Then the assignment of responsibility, reactions of anger and pity, and participants' willingness to provide help were measured.

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Kyne, Karen, and Mei Wah M. Williams. "Attributional Bias of Offenders in Rehabilitation Therapy Workers." Australian Journal of Rehabilitation Counselling 13, no. 2 (September 1, 2007): 88–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/jrc.13.2.88.

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AbstractAttribution theory was used to provide a conceptual analysis of how personal responsibility and blame are ascribed to fictional male and female offenders. Thirty drug and alcohol counsellors participated in the study; half read a description of a crime committed by a female and the other half read the same description of the crime but committed by a male. Counsellors rated the offence in terms of the attributional domains of internality, control, and stability and then listed potential treatment targets. Offender sex influenced differentially attribution of blame with counsellors tending to attribute less blame to an offender of the same gender. This effect was particularly pronounced in the case of female counsellors.

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McGuigan, Jane Boyer. "Attributional Style and Depression in Men Receiving Treatment For Chronic Pain." Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling 26, no. 4 (December 1, 1995): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0047-2220.26.4.21.

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This study explored the applicability of Seligman's leamed helplessness theory to men receiving treatment for chronic back pain. Negative attributional style and depression scores for 112 men receiving treatment for chronic pain were obtained. Fifty-four men were receiving worker's compensation; fifty-eight were not. Participants voluntarily completed the Attributional Style Questionnaire, the Beck Depression Inventory, and a visual analogue scale measuring perceived ability to control pain. Demographic information was also obtained. Multivariate analysis of variance indicated that the groups did not differ in negative attributional style scores, but that they did differ in depression scores. No relationship was found between depression, negative attributional style, and perceived level of pain.

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CHIOU, WEN-BIN. "CUSTOMERS' ATTRIBUTIONAL JUDGMENTS TOWARDS COMPLAINT HANDLING IN AIRLINE SERVICE: A CONFIRMATORY STUDY BASED ON ATTRIBUTION THEORY." Psychological Reports 100, no. 3 (2007): 1141. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.100.3.1141-1150.

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Standing, Oliver, Susan Standing, and Eric Kordt. "Explaining attribution in information technology projects." Journal of Systems and Information Technology 18, no. 2 (May 9, 2016): 216–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsit-01-2016-0002.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between project failure and success and an individual’s attributional style and level of seniority. Information technology (IT)-related projects are often complex because of the need to work with a range of stakeholders and satisfy diverse expectations, and thus projects often fail. Design/methodology/approach A case study of a large government organisation was undertaken: interviews and focus groups were conducted and used as primary data for qualitative analysis. Findings Line and executive managers have the tendency to increasingly make more pessimistic attributions than support workers, believing that failure was likely to persist in the future because of the inability to influence management and stakeholders. Support workers have the tendency to be more optimistic than line and executive managers and this has implications for self-serving evaluation practices. Originality/value The application of the attribution theory provides insights into project success and failure and the discrepancies between line managers’ and employees’ job satisfaction.

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Aleman, André, Edward H. F. de Haan, and René S. Kahn. "Underconstrained perception or underconstrained theory?" Behavioral and Brain Sciences 27, no. 6 (December 2004): 787–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x04220180.

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Although the evidence remains tentative at best, the conception of hallucinations in schizophrenia as being underconstrained perception resulting from intrinsic thalamocortical resonance in sensory areas might complement current models of hallucination. However, in itself, the approach falls short of comprehensively explaining the neurogenesis of hallucinations in schizophrenia, as it neglects the role of external attributional biases, mental imagery, and a disconnection between frontal and temporal areas.

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Abramson, Lyn Y., Benjamin M. Dykman, and Douglas J. Needles. "Attributional Style and Theory: Let No One Tear Them Asunder." Psychological Inquiry 2, no. 1 (January 1991): 11–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327965pli0201_2.

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Reisenzein, Rainer, and Udo Rudolph. "The attributional theory of motivation and emotion: Not surprisingly, true." Motivation Science 4, no. 1 (March 2018): 21–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/mot0000098.

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Ross, Lee. "From the Fundamental Attribution Error to the Truly Fundamental Attribution Error and Beyond: My Research Journey." Perspectives on Psychological Science 13, no. 6 (September 17, 2018): 750–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1745691618769855.

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This essay traces continuities and changes in focus of research and theory in my career. I describe early work on insensitivity to role-conferred advantages in self-presentation (and the personal experiences that prompted that work) and the subsequent identification and naming of the “fundamental attribution error.” I next describe my work on the role that construal processes play in determining responses to various decision-making and attributional contexts. That work, in turn, culminated in identification and exploration of what I now deem the truly “fundamental attribution error”: the illusion of superior personal objectivity and its various consequences for interpersonal and intergroup interactions. I conclude with the lessons I have drawn from my applied work on conflict resolution.

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Choi, Byoung Kwon, and Hyoung Koo Moon. "Subordinates’ helping, voice, and supervisors’ evaluation of job performance." Career Development International 22, no. 3 (June 12, 2017): 222–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cdi-04-2016-0058.

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Purpose It is recognized that employees’ helping and voice behaviors are dimensions of organizational citizenship behavior used by supervisors to evaluate their job performance. However, existing empirical studies of these relationships have shown inconsistent findings. From the perspective of attributional theory, the purpose of this paper is to explain when subordinates’ helping and voice behaviors are more positively related to job performance by considering supervisor-attributed prosocial and impression management motives. Design/methodology/approach Using a sample of 200 supervisors in South Korea, the authors tested the hypotheses with hierarchical multiple regression analyses. Findings Results indicate that the positive effects of helping and voice behaviors on job performance were stronger when supervisors attributed such behaviors as driven less by impression management motives related to self-interest. However, contrary to the expectations, the positive influences of helping and voice behaviors on job performance were stronger when supervisors perceived low prosocial motives. Practical implications Findings suggest that supervisors need to avoid making the wrong attributions with regard to their subordinates’ helping and voice behaviors during the evaluation process. In addition, subordinates need to have clear motives and demonstrate consistent behavioral stances when engaging in such behaviors. Originality/value Using social information theory and attribution theory, this study contributes to explain when helping and voice behaviors improve evaluations of employees’ job performances by considering supervisor-attributed motives.

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Schneider Grings, Ana Francisca, and Liane Hentschke. "Attributional Theory in investigating public music performance in higher music education." International Journal of Music Education 35, no. 1 (July 8, 2016): 31–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0255761415619393.

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The purpose of this research was to investigate the causes attributed by undergraduate music students to situations of failure and success in public music performance. Attributional Theory has been used in this research as the theoretical framework to understand how situations of success and failure are interpreted by the person of the activity. The analysis was conducted from an Intrapersonal perspective of motivation, i.e., how the attributions made by the students doing an undergraduate course in music revealed their notions and beliefs. The methodology used included a non-probabilistic survey and the data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire involving 130 undergraduate music students of southern Brazil. The results show that in situations considered to be successful, the most frequent attributed causes are effort (77.7%), persistence (65.4%), and interest in the performance (63.1%), whereas in situations considered to be failures the most important aspects are emotional (60.8%), difficulty of the task (36.2%), and lack of effort (30.8%). This research shows that students who have more musical experience regard their performances as good or excellent, whereas those that have little experience do not view themselves in this way. The data reveal that the greater the importance that is attached to an activity, the more time is spent on preparing for it; in the same way students tend to be more engaged with musical activities and devote more time to them when they are aware of their skills and value them. Music students feel responsible for their results, which shows that they are engaged in their learning and seek to satisfy an inner need to achieve success.

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Feng, Zheng-Zhi, and Hong Yi. "A Causal Model of Hopelessness Depression in Chinese Undergraduate Students." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 40, no. 3 (April 1, 2012): 359–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2012.40.3.359.

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The diathesis-stress component hypothesis and the mediational role of hopelessness proposed by the hopelessness theory of depression were tested using data from a 16-week longitudinal study of Chinese university undergraduates. Participants (N = 240) completed self-report measures assessing attributional style, negative life events, hopelessness, and hopelessness depression symptoms at 3 time points. The diathesis-stress hypothesis was tested using the latent growth curve model and results showed that as postulated in the hopelessness theory, depressogenic attributional style predicted hopelessness depression following the occurrence of negative life events. Specifically, hopelessness played a partial mediating role in the etiological chain of hopelessness depression.

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Caprara, Gian Vittorio, Concetta Pastorelli, and Bernard Weiner. "Linkages Between Causal Ascriptions, Emotion, and Behaviour." International Journal of Behavioral Development 20, no. 1 (January 1997): 153–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/016502597385496.

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Italian schoolboys between the ages of 9 and 10 participated in three experiments guided by attribution theory as conceptualised by Weiner (1985, 1986). In Experiment 1, following teacher-emotional feedback of anger or sympathy for failure, attributional inferences regarding low ability or lack of effort as the cause of that failure were rated. In Experiment 2, controllable and uncontrollable causes of a social transgression were given, and children rated the anticipated anger of the “victim” and their intention to withhold or reveal the cause. In Experiment 3, effects of perceived causality and related emotions of anger and sympathy (pity) with regard to helping behaviour were investigated. Results replicate previous US findings and largely support the established linkages between attribution-emotion-action as proposed by Weiner (1986).

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Wickens, Christine M., David L. Wiesenthal, David B. Flora, and Gordon L. Flett. "Understanding driver anger and aggression: Attributional theory in the driving environment." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied 17, no. 4 (2011): 354–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0025815.

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Rodriguez-Naranjo, Carmen, Antonio Godoy, and Rosa Esteve. "ATTRIBUTIONAL STYLE AND SOCIAL-SKILL DEFICITS AS PREDICTORS OF DYSPHORIC STATES AND RESPONSE TO TREATMENT." Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 29, no. 2 (April 2001): 179–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1352465801002053.

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It is hypothesized that there might be two subtypes of dysphoria. Comparison of the characteristic deficits of attributional styles and social skills of adolescent dysphorics differentiated them into two subtypes. This suggested that matched treatments of the two subtypes of dysphoria might be more effective than non-matched treatments. As is predicted by the hopelessness theory of depression (Alloy, Abramson, Metalsky, & Hartlage, 1988), dysphorics characterized by the depressogenic attributional style and adequate social skills reported significantly greater numbers of negative life-events than dysphorics characterized by social-skill deficits and healthy attributional style. Treatments matched to dysphoria subtypes were more effective than non-matched treatments. The authors suggest that similar tests of dysphorics over several years might indicate that some dysphoric states intensify and that matched treatments would abort potentially severe depressions.

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González, Roberto Pablo, Ingrid Tortadès, Francesc Alpiste, Joaquín Fernandez, Jordi Torner, Mar Garcia-Franco, José Ramón Martin-Martínez, et al. "Usability of a Psychotherapeutic Interactive Gaming Tool Used in Facial Emotion Recognition for People with Schizophrenia." Journal of Personalized Medicine 11, no. 3 (March 17, 2021): 214. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm11030214.

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The objective of the study was to test the usability of ‘Feeling Master’ as a psychotherapeutic interactive gaming tool with LEGO cartoon faces showing the five basic emotions, for the assessment of emotional recognition in people with schizophrenia in comparison with healthy controls, and the relationship between face affect recognition (FER), attributional style, and theory of mind (ToM), which is the ability to understand the potential mental states and intentions of others. Nineteen individuals with schizophrenia (SZ) and 17 healthy control (HC) subjects completed the ‘Feeling Master’ that includes five basic emotions. To assess social cognition, the group with schizophrenia was evaluated with the Personal and Situational Attribution Questionnaire (IPSAQ) for the assessment of attributional style and the Hinting Task (ToM). Patients with SZ showed significant impairments in emotion recognition and their response time appeared to be slower than the HC in the recognition of each emotion. Taking into account the impairment in the recognition of each emotion, we only found a trend toward significance in error rates on fear recognition. The correlations between correct response on the ‘Feeling Master’ and the hinting task appeared to be significant in the correlation of surprise and theory of mind. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that the ‘Feeling Master’ could be useful for the evaluation of FER in people with schizophrenia. These results sustain the notion that impairments in emotion recognition are more prevalent in people with schizophrenia and that these are related with impairment in ToM.

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García-Romero, Alejandro, and David Martinez-Iñigo. "Validation of an Attributional and Distributive Justice Mediational Model on the Effects of Surface Acting on Emotional Exhaustion: An Experimental Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 14 (July 14, 2021): 7505. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18147505.

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Previous research has shown that surface acting—displaying an emotion that is dissonant with inner feelings—negatively impacts employees’ well-being. However, most studies have neglected the meaning that employees develop around emotional demands requiring surface acting. This study examined how employees’ responsibility attributions of client behavior demanding surface acting influence employees’ emotional exhaustion, and the mediational role of distributive justice in this relationship. Relying on Fairness Theory, it was expected that employees’ responsibility attributions of client behavior demanding emotion regulation would be related to their perceptions of distributive injustice during the service encounter, which in turn would mediate the effects of responsibility attribution on emotional exhaustion. In addition, drawing on the conservation of resources model, we contended that leader support would moderate the impact of distributive injustice on emotional exhaustion. Two scenario-based experiments were conducted. Study 1 (N = 187) manipulated the attribution of responsibility for emotional demands. The findings showed that distributive injustice and emotional exhaustion were higher when responsibility for the surface acting demands was attributed to the client. A bootstrapping mediational analysis confirmed employees’ attributions have an indirect effect on emotional exhaustion through distributive justice. Study 2 (N = 227) manipulated responsibility attribution and leader support. The leader support moderation effect was confirmed.

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Martinko, Mark J., and Kelly L. Zellars. "TOWARD A THEORY OF WORKPLACE VIOLENCE: A SOCIAL LEARNING AND ATTRIBUTIONAL PERSPECTIVE." Academy of Management Proceedings 1996, no. 1 (August 1996): 419–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.1996.4981037.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Attributional theory'

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