Journal articles: 'ATVs'

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Kitzes, William F. "ATVs—The Hidden Danger." Law, Medicine and Health Care 17, no. 1 (1989): 86–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.1989.tb01076.x.

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Ryan, Allan J. "What Future for ATVs?" Physician and Sportsmedicine 13, no. 7 (1985): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00913847.1985.11708829.

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Choi, Moon Hyung, Young Joon Lee, and Seung Eun Jung. "A LESSON FROM AUTOMATIC TUBE VOLTAGE SELECTION: FEASIBILITY OF 100 kVp IN PORTAL VENOUS PHASE ABDOMINAL CT." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 188, no. 4 (2020): 424–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncz302.

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Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between ATVS-recommended tube voltage and patient body habitus and to compare radiation dose and diagnostic performance between fixed 120-kVp and ATVS protocols in portal venous phase abdomen CT. Methods: A total of 907 portal venous phase abdominal CTs were evaluated. Radiation dose in the ATVS protocol was compared according to tube voltage (80, 100 or 120 kVp). Quantitative image analysis and diagnostic performance were compared between 81 pairs of CT using ATVS and fixed 120-kVp protocols. Results: Most CT examinations with ATVS were performed with 80 or 100 kVp. The average reduction rate of radiation dose in the ATVS protocol was 15.4%. There was no significant difference in diagnostic performance (p = 0.388) between ATVS and fixed 120-kVp protocols. Conclusions: In conclusion, ATVS frequently selected 80 or 100 kVp for portal venous phase abdominal CT without impairing the diagnostic performance, even with filtered back projection.

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Karnes, Edward W., S. David Leonard, and Herbert C. Newbold. "Safety Perceptions and Information Sources for ATVs." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 32, no. 15 (1988): 938–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1518/107118188786761794.

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Safety issues concerning all-terrain vehicles (ATVs) have become important for human factors professionals, becasuse of the need to reduce the accidents and injuries associated with their use. Human factors experts have also been called upon to testify in legal suits occasioned by some accidents. This paper discusses some of the problems associated with the safety of ATVs and presents data concerning riders and observers ability to estimate their speed. Speed estimates are lower than actual speeds at low speeds and higher than actual speeds at high speeds. It is concluded that information about the speed capabilities of ATVs is important consumer information and should be made conspicuous in advertising and other informational channels about ATVs.

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Milbrandt, Todd. "ATVs are not for children." Current Orthopaedic Practice 19, no. 6 (2008): 633. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/bco.0b013e32831bda16.

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Abdullah, Mohd Azman, Noreffendy Tamaldin, Faiz Redza Ramli, Mohd Nizam Sudin, and Muslim Abdul Mohamed Mu’in. "Design and Development of Low Cost All Terrain Vehicle (ATV)." Applied Mechanics and Materials 663 (October 2014): 517–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.663.517.

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Two units of all terrain vehicles (ATV) have been designed and developed by 3rd year automotive students of Faculty of Mechanical Engineering (FME), Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM). The purposes of this project are to design and develop low cost ATVs. The students have to organize themselves to design and build the ATVs within budget constraint. This project emphasizes on the practical and engineering applications of the subjects Vehicle Dynamics and Automotive Technology which are taken by the students within the same semester (Semester II, Session 2012/2013). The students have all the freedom in deciding the specifications of the ATVs. A 110 cc 4 strokes motorcycle engine is used for the powertrain. Design and analysis of the components are performed using commercial computer aided design (CAD) software. Basic fabrication processes such as cutting, fitting and welding are carried out by the students. The ATVs are evaluated based on functionality and design. The low cost conceptual ATVs have been successfully designed, developed and tested. With further development and research, the ATVs are subjected for improvement. The sustainability of the design and development of the ATVs depends on the material selection, design criteria and components availability.

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Dix, Emily, George Russell, and Dennis Frate. "Commentary Anthropologic Methods, Not Legislation, Should Be Used to Modify Risky ATV Use." Practicing Anthropology 25, no. 4 (2003): 52–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.25.4.a1025106177785u0.

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Introduced in 1971 for use in outdoor occupations such as farming and construction, all-terrain vehicles (ATVs) are motorized three- or four-wheeled cycles designed for riding in off-road areas. Despite their occupational intent, ATVs have become extremely popular in the United States as a recreational vehicle for both children and adults alike, with approximately 2.4 million ATVs currently in use (Committee on Injury and Poison Prevention, 2000). In 1988 the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) banned the sale of 3-wheeled ATVs and established safety guidelines for the use of 4-wheelers. Despite these safety guidelines, a steady increase in the popularity of 4-wheeled ATVs in recent years has been accompanied by an increase in moderate to severe injuries and deaths, which has many policy makers, researchers, consumer groups, and physician organizations rallying for more stringent ATV laws, including mandatory helmet laws. Laws, however, will not impact ATV behaviors in rural America for two reasons: 1) ATVs are used primarily in rural country settings and out-of-the-way country roads where ATV laws would be difficult to enforce and 2) ATVs have become woven into the routine occupational and recreational lives of rural populations. In lieu of policy, anthropologic methods should be used to elucidate the cultural underpinnings of ATV use in rural areas through which culturally relevant safety education programs could be developed.

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Benjamin, Arlin James. "THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RIGHT-WING AUTHORITARIANISM AND ATTITUDES TOWARD VIOLENCE: FURTHER VALIDATION OF THE ATTITUDES TOWARD VIOLENCE SCALE." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 34, no. 8 (2006): 923–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2006.34.8.923.

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In this study the relationship is examined between attitudes toward violence and rightwing authoritarianism. One hundred and fifty participants completed the Attitudes Toward Violence Scale (ATVS; Anderson, Benjamin, Wood, & Bonacci, 2006) and the Right Wing Authoritarianism Scale (RWA; Attemeyer, 1996). Three of the ATVS subscales (war, penal code violence, and corporal punishment) correlated significantly with the RWA. The findings suggest that the ATVS is linked to authoritarianism and that its subscales tap into attitudes regarding authoritarian aggression.

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Hassler, Deborah A., and Mark F. Mendell. "Help easy riders stay safe on ATVs." Nursing 42, no. 8 (2012): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.nurse.0000415834.36242.f5.

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&NA;. "Help easy riders stay safe on ATVs." Nursing 42, no. 8 (2012): 33–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.nurse.0000418072.58501.9f.

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Yanchar, N. L., R. Kennedy, and C. Russell. "ATVs: motorized toys or vehicles for children?" Injury Prevention 12, no. 1 (2006): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ip.2005.008466.

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Weintraub, Rachel, and Stephen Oesch. "0034 ATVS on roadways a safety crisis." Injury Prevention 21, Suppl 1 (2015): A10.1—A10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2015-041602.24.

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V. Balaguru, V. Balasubramanian, and P. Shivkumar. "Tensile properties of shielded metal arc welded ultrahigh hard armour steel joints." World Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology and Sciences 1, no. 2 (2020): 071–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjaets.2020.1.2.0029.

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The present generation Armoured Tracked Vehicles (ATVs) are constructed using Rolled homogenized armour (RHA) grade steels closely confirming with AISI 4340 specifications. However, in future Armoured Tracked Vehicles (ATVs), the overall weight of ATVs has to be reduced enormously and hence, the designers have prescribed to employ Ultra High Hard Armour (UHA) steels for the construction. Welding is considered to be one of the important fabrication methods in ATVs construction. However, welding of UHA steels is highly challenging due to higher hardness and higher carbon content. Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) is among the most widely employed welding process in the construction of ATVs since it is more versatile and cost-effective. Armour grade steels are welded conventionally using Austenitic Stainless Steel (ASS) consumables to eliminate the serious problems of hydrogen induced cracking. Hence, in this investigation, an attempt has been made to study the influence of ASS welding consumables on tensile properties and hardness of UHA steel joints made by SMAW process. UHA steel plates having 15 mm thickness were welded by SMAW process using five different ASS consumables (having different Creq/Nieq ratio). Tensile properties (unnotched and notched) of the welded joints were evaluated. From this investigation, it was observed that the joint welded using ASS consumable (having higher Creq/Nieq ratio) exhibited superior tensile properties as result of the evolution of ferrite phase with vermicular and globular morphology in the austenite matrix at weld metal region.

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Ayers, Paul, John B. Conger, Rob Comer, and Paul Troutt. "Stability Analysis of Agricultural Off-Road Vehicles." Journal of Agricultural Safety and Health 24, no. 3 (2018): 167–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/jash.12889.

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Abstract. Vehicle rollovers cause many agricultural work-related fatalities each year. Tractors, off-road utility vehicles (ORUVs), zero turn radius (ZTR) mowers, and all-terrain vehicles (ATVs) can all become involved in fatal rollovers. The rollover tendency of these vehicles was evaluated using static lateral and longitudinal stability angles. Center of gravity locations were measured with the lift axle method, and lateral and longitudinal stability angles were calculated for four ATVs, five ORUVs, four ZTR mowers, and four lawn tractors. Stability angles were calculated for loaded and unloaded vehicle conditions. Loading vehicles with ballast and operators can substantially decrease lateral and longitudinal stability angles. Stability angles for these vehicles and for five full-size agricultural tractors were compared. All loaded and unloaded, lateral and longitudinal stability angles determined met the appropriate ANSI requirements. Keywords: ATVs, Off-road utility vehicles, Stability angles, Tractors.

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Young, Stephen L., J. Paul Frantz, Raina J. Shah, Timothy P. Rhoades, and Julia K. Diebol. "Perceptions and Use of Product-Related Age Recommendations: A Case Study Involving ATVs." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 51, no. 1 (2007): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120705100107.

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Forty-four adults and nineteen youth participated in a study that examined responses to age recommendations related to the purchase of all-terrain vehicles (atvs) intended for operators under age 16. Structured interviews were used to evaluate preferences under different purchase scenarios. Focus groups were also conducted to assess the factors influencing purchase decisions. Results from the interviews and focus groups showed that situational, person, and product factors influenced people's perceptions of various age recommendations and purchase preferences for atvs. Implications regarding the design and use of age recommendations are discussed.

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Richier, Mathieu, Roland Lenain, Benoit Thuilot, and Christophe Debain. "Rollover Prevention System Dedicated to ATVs on Natural Ground." Applied Mechanics and Materials 162 (March 2012): 505–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.162.505.

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In this paper, an algorithm dedicated to light ATVs, which estimates and anticipates the rollover, is proposed. It is based on the on-line estimation of the Lateral Load Transfer (LLT), allowing the evaluation of dynamic instabilities. The LLT is computed thanks to a dynamical model split into two 2D projections. Relying on this representation and a low cost perception system, an observer is proposed to estimate on-line the terrain properties (grip conditions and slope), then allowing to deduce accurately the risk of instability. Associated to a predictive control algorithm, based on the extrapolation of riders action, the risk can be anticipated, enabling to warn the pilot and to consider the implementation of active actions.

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Saptharishi, M., C. Spence Oliver, C. P. Diehl, et al. "Distributed surveillance and reconnaissance using multiple autonomous ATVs: CyberScout." IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Automation 18, no. 5 (2002): 826–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tra.2002.804501.

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Khorsandi, Farzaneh, Paul D. Ayers, Melvin L. Myers, Stephen Oesch, and David J. White. "Engineering Control Technologies to Protect Operators in Agricultural All-Terrain Vehicle Rollovers." Journal of Agricultural Safety and Health 27, no. 3 (2021): 177–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/jash.14189.

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Highlights Rollovers are the leading cause of injury and fatality in farm all-terrain vehicle (ATV) incidents. Engineering technologies to prevent rollovers or protect the operator in ATV crashes were reviewed in this study. The advances in safety for ATVs are correlated with improvements in stability, handling, and crashworthiness. Operator protection devices and crash notification systems can protect the operator in ATV rollover incidents. Abstract . All-terrain vehicles (ATVs) are the second most common source of injury, following tractors, in U.S. agriculture. Rollovers are the leading cause of death in farm ATV incidents, constituting about 85% of ATV-related deaths. There is neither a significant practical solution for ATV rollover crashes in the U.S. nor standards and rules for implementing such a solution. Behavior-based control methods have been used for several decades but have reached their limit of success. Hence, engineering controls are needed to significantly decrease the severity of injuries in ATV rollover incidents (as in tractor incidents). In this study, engineering technologies to protect the operator in agricultural ATV crashes were reviewed. The discussion includes improving crash testing and stability ratings, evaluating static stability of ATVs, dynamic handling tests of ATVs, using automatic systems to notify first responders of a crash, and testing and applying operator protection devices. The available standards, rules, and recommendations related to these technologies around the world are also discussed. Keywords: . Agriculture, All-terrain vehicle, ATV, CPD, Crush protection device, OPD, Quad bike, Safety.

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Abdullah, Mohd Azman, Noreffendy Tamaldin, Faiz Redza Ramli, Mohd Nizam Sudin, and Abdul Mu’in Mohamed Muslim. "Analysis of the Chassis and Components of all Terrain Vehicle (ATV)." Applied Mechanics and Materials 660 (October 2014): 753–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.660.753.

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The previously fabricated all terrain vehicle (ATV) chassis and components' designs are further analyzed. The analysis consider the weight distribution ratio during acceleration and braking for the ATV components namely wishbone arm, swing arm and shaft. Preliminary analysis of torsion and static are also performed on the chassis and components. The analysis is performed using commercial computer aided design (CAD) software. The results show good data in term of factor of safety. With further development and research, the ATVs are subjected for improvement. The sustainability of the design and development of the ATVs depends on the material selection, design criteria and components availability.

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Evseev, Kirill, Alexey Dyakov, and Vadim Pushtakov. "Analysis and design solutions for a 4x4 ATV with an electromechanical transmission." MATEC Web of Conferences 329 (2020): 01022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202032901022.

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The article provides a review and analysis of the current state of development of 4x4 ATVs and the scope of the developed ATV, a comparison of ATVs with mechanical and electromechanical transmissions, as well as their technical characteristics. The selection and justification of the design solutions for a 4x4 ATV with an electromechanical transmission are given on the basis of the following electric drive schemes considered in the article: “Electric motor instead of ICE”, “Motor axis”, “Electric motor-half axis”. The general design solutions of the ATV being developed is also presented based on the selected electric drive scheme.

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Shah, S. R., M. D. Fox, M. Jegapragasan, and B. A. Gaines. "A Comparison of Pediatric Injuries from Bicycles, Dirtbikes, and ATVs." Journal of Surgical Research 158, no. 2 (2010): 275. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2009.11.293.

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Szczerbińska, K., A. Prokop-Dorner, P. Brzyski, I. Barańska, and T. Ocetkiewicz. "Construct validity of Attitudes Towards Vaccinations Scale (ATVS)–part 2." European Geriatric Medicine 8, no. 4 (2017): 325–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurger.2017.06.008.

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Fonseca, A. H., M. G. Ochsner, W. J. Bromberg, and D. Gantt. "All-Terrain Vehicle Injuries: Are They Dangerous? A 6-Year Experience at a Level I Trauma Center after Legislative Regulations Expired." American Surgeon 71, no. 11 (2005): 937–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313480507101107.

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All-terrain vehicles (ATVs) have increased in popularity and sales since 1971. This rise in popularity led to an increase in injuries resulting in voluntary industry rider safety regulations in 1988, which expired without renewal in 1998. Our purpose was twofold, to determine the incidence and severity of ATV injuries in our patient population and what, if any impact the safety regulations had. To further characterize the risk of ATV use, we compared them to a vehicle generally recognized as dangerous, the motorcycle (MC). Our trauma registry was reviewed from January 1998 through August 2004 for ATV or MC injured. Data collected included age, gender, mortality, Injury Severity Score (ISS), helmet use, and injury distribution. These were compared to our data from the decade of regulation. There were 352 MC and 221 ATV patients. ATV injured demonstrated a higher proportion of pediatric and female patients ( P < 0.001 and P < 0.01, respectively), a decrease in helmet use (8.6% vs 64.7%, P < 0.001), and increased closed head injuries (CHI) (54.2% vs 44.9%, P < 0.05) compared with MC injured. ISS and mortality were similar. The average number of patients from 1988 to 1998 was 6.9/yr compared to 31.6/yr ( P < 0.001) during 1998–2004 with equal ISS. Our data show that there has been a dramatic and progressive increase in the number of ATV crashes since expiration of industry regulations. ATVs are as dangerous as MCs based on patient ISS and mortality. There are significantly more children and women injured on ATVs. The lower rate of helmet use in ATVs may account for the significantly greater incidence of CHI. These data mandate the need for injury prevention efforts for ATV riders, in particular children, through increased public awareness and new legislation.

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Eijsvoogel, N. G., B. M. F. Hendriks, M. Kok, et al. "Automated tube voltage selection and adapted contrast media injection protocols in CT angiography of the thoracoabdominal aorta." Chinese Journal of Academic Radiology 4, no. 2 (2021): 116–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42058-021-00065-3.

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Abstract Purpose The aim was to assess the image quality (IQ) in computed tomography angiography (CTA) of the thoracoabdominal aorta utilizing automated tube voltage selection (ATVS) with a subsequently adapted contrast media (CM) injection protocol. Materials and methods A total of 104 consecutive patients referred for CTA of the thoracoabdominal aorta were included. Scans were acquired on a 3rd-generation DSCT using ATVS with a quality reference tube voltage and current of 100 kV and 150 mAs. CM protocols were adapted to kV settings by modifying iodine delivery rate (IDR) whilst maintaining an identical injection time (13.3 s): 0.9 gI/s (70 kV), 1.0 gI/s (80 kV), 1.1 gI/s (90 kV) 1.2 gI/s (100 kV). Both objective (attenuation, contrast-to-noise and signal-to-noise) and subjective (4-point Likert scale: 1 = poor/2 = sufficient/3 = good/4 = excellent) IQ were assessed. Results ATVS assigned a 70 kV (n = 88) and 90 kV (n = 16) protocol in most patients. Fewer patients were assigned to an 80 kV (n = 4) and 100 kV (n = 1) protocol, these protocols were, therefore, excluded from further analysis. Attenuation on all designated levels of the thoracoabdominal aorta was diagnostic in 99.0% of the scans; 87/88 scans (98.9%) in the 70 kV group and in 16/16 (100%) in the 90 kV group. Overall mean attenuation was 349 ± 72HU for 70 kV and 310 ± 43HU for 90 kV. Subjective IQ was diagnostic in all scans. Overall effective radiation dose for 70 kV and 90 kV was 1.8 ± 0.2 mSv and 3.4 ± 0.7 mSv, respectively. Conclusions Adaptation of CM injection protocols (IDR) to ATVS in CTA of the aorta—scanned with 70 kV and 90 kV—is feasible and results in diagnostic image quality.

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Jennissen, Charles, Joshua Godding, Karisa Harland, and Gerene Denning. "40 Why the need for speed? – ATVS, speed and brain injuries." Injury Prevention 21, Suppl 2 (2015): A14.2—A14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2015-041654.40.

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Szczerbińska, K., P. Brzyski, A. Prokop-Dorner, T. Ocetkiewicz, and I. Barańska. "Development and validation of Attitudes Towards Vaccinations Scale (ATVS) – part 1." European Geriatric Medicine 8, no. 4 (2017): 320–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurger.2017.06.006.

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Fang, Lei, Zitong Zhao, Jue Wang, et al. "Engineering autologous tumor cell vaccine to locally mobilize antitumor immunity in tumor surgical bed." Science Advances 6, no. 25 (2020): eaba4024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aba4024.

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Autologous tumor cell–based vaccines (ATVs) are emerging as a transformable approach for personalized immunotherapy, but their therapeutic efficacy remains unsatisfying in patients with cancer. Here, we design a photodynamic therapy (PDT)–motivated ATV (P-ATV) in Fmoc-KCRGDK–phenylboronic acid (FK-PBA) hydrogel, which mobilizes local immune activation to inhibit relapse of postoperative tumors. The FK-PBA targeting overexpressed sialic acid on tumor cells can enable on-demand gelation in residue tumor areas and maintain continuous vaccination in surgical bed. Unlike neoantigen-based vaccine or adoptive cell therapy that takes several months to prepare, P-ATV can be easily manufactured within a few days and efficiently boost neoepitope-specific CD8+ T cells to activate personalized immunotherapy. This simple and powerful approach of engineered ATVs provides an alternative strategy for personalized immunotherapy and is readily transformable to various kinds of cell-based antigens to inhibit the relapse of postoperative tumors.

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Lundqvist, Peter. "JA:2021-17. Safe Use of ATVs – Development of a Warning System." Journal of Agromedicine 25, no. 3 (2020): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1059924x.2020.1763750.

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Cui, Da, Guoqiang Wang, Huanyu Zhao, and Shuai Wang. "Research on a Path-Tracking Control System for Articulated Tracked Vehicles." Strojniški vestnik – Journal of Mechanical Engineering 66, no. 5 (2020): 311–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5545/sv-jme.2019.6463.

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To achieve path-tracking control of articulated tracked vehicles (ATVs), a control system is designed according to the structural characteristics of the ATVs. The distance deviation and heading angle deviation between the vehicle and the pre-set trajectory are employed as input variables to the controller to control the relative deflection angle of the hinge of the vehicle and the velocity of the sprockets and realize the function of the path tracking control. The effects of two control algorithms are simulated with a RecurDyn/Simulink co-simulation; the results show that the fuzzy proportional-integral-derivative (PID) has a better control effect and precision when compared with the PID method. To verify the effect of the proposed controller, a scaled model test platform that is based on visual navigation is developed. Physical experiments were conducted to show the efficacy of the proposed path-tracking control system, which can effectively track the pre-set trajectory and achieve an optimal control outcome.

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Wang, Brian S., Stacey L. Smith, and Kevin D. Pereira. "Pediatric Head and Neck Trauma from All-Terrain Vehicle Accidents." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 137, no. 2 (2007): 201–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.otohns.2007.01.033.

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OBJECTIVE: To characterize pediatric head and neck trauma from all-terrain vehicles (ATVs) at a single institution. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING: Retrospective case series at a level I pediatric trauma center. RESULTS: Thirty-four patients were admitted: average age was 12 years, with 68% between 12 and 16 years and 32% under 12 years. The patient was the driver in 74% of cases and the passenger in 17% of cases. Driver average age was 12.7 years and passenger average age was 10.5 years. Seventy-six percent of children were not wearing helmets. Average hospital stay was 6 days, with 81% of cases discharged home. Central nervous system injuries were most common, followed by soft tissue injuries. Soft tissue repair was the most frequent procedure, and most maxillofacial fractures required operative intervention. CONCLUSIONS: ATV-related morbidity and mortality in children are significant public health issues amenable to primary prevention by prohibiting passengers on ATVs and requiring helmet use. SIGNIFICANCE: National trends indicate increasing ATV-related injuries in children.

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Langley, J. D. "Tractors, motorcycles, ATVs: inconsistencies in legislation for child safety. Examples from New Zealand." Injury Prevention 2, no. 1 (1996): 4–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ip.2.1.4-a.

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Martin, Jon, Oskar Casquero, Brais Fortes, and Marga Marcos. "A Generic Multi-Layer Architecture Based on ROS-JADE Integration for Autonomous Transport Vehicles." Sensors 19, no. 1 (2018): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19010069.

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The design and operation of manufacturing systems is evolving to adapt to different challenges. One of the most important is the reconfiguration of the manufacturing process in response to context changes (e.g., faulty equipment or urgent orders, among others). In this sense, the Autonomous Transport Vehicle (ATV) plays a key role in building more flexible and decentralized manufacturing systems. Nowadays, robotic frameworks (RFs) are used for developing robotic systems such as ATVs, but they focus on the control of the robotic system itself. However, social abilities are required for performing intelligent interaction (peer-to-peer negotiation and decision-making) among the different and heterogeneous Cyber Physical Production Systems (such as machines, transport systems and other equipment present in the factory) to achieve manufacturing reconfiguration. This work contributes a generic multi-layer architecture that integrates a RF with a Multi-Agent System (MAS) to provide social abilities to ATVs. This architecture has been implemented on ROS and JADE, the most widespread RF and MAS framework, respectively. We believe this to be the first work that addresses the intelligent interaction of transportation systems for flexible manufacturing environments in a holistic form.

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Pollack-Nelson, Carol, Alison G. Vredenburgh, Ilene B. Zackowitz, Michael J. Kalsher, and James M. Miller. "Adult Products That Kill and Injure Children." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 61, no. 1 (2017): 886–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931213601513.

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Many of the most dangerous products killing and injuring children are not toys – they are adult products. Of the 150,000 products regulated by the CPSC, ATVs are responsible for more child deaths annually than any other. In many cases, the children injured or killed were riding adult ATVs. Products inside the home are also responsible for deaths and serious injuries. Dressers and televisions tip over and kill children at a rate of one every two weeks. Window covering cords have strangled at least one child every month for decades. And button batteries found in everything from remote control devices to bathroom scales are ingested by infants and young children, causing serious injuries and death. Finally, cell phone use by children has opened up a wide range of serious risks - not only driving and pedestrian accidents, but also risks associated with exposure to strangers and unsafe products. In this alternative format panel, experts address each of these products and explore how risk perception – by parents and children – affects their behavior and exposure to the hazard. Limitations of voluntary and mandatory regulations to mitigate product hazards are also discussed.

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Gonzalez-Dominguez, Javier, Ignacio Lopez-Moreno, Javier Franco-Pedroso, Daniel Ramos, Doroteo Torre Toledano, and Joaquin Gonzalez-Rodriguez. "Multilevel and Session Variability Compensated Language Recognition: ATVS-UAM Systems at NIST LRE 2009." IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing 4, no. 6 (2010): 1084–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jstsp.2010.2076071.

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Gambone, Andrew, Daniel Joseph Lombardo, Timothy Jelsema, and Vani Sabesan. "Extremity Fractures Associated With ATVs and Dirt Bikes: A 6 Year National Epidemiological Study." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 3, no. 7_suppl2 (2015): 2325967115S0009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967115s00093.

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Lombardo, D. J., T. Jelsema, A. Gambone, et al. "Extremity fractures associated with ATVs and dirt bikes: a 10-year national epidemiologic study." MUSCULOSKELETAL SURGERY 101, no. 2 (2017): 145–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12306-016-0445-9.

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Denning, Gerene, Charles Jennissen, Karisa Harland, David Ellis, and Christopher Buresh. "All-Terrain Vehicles (ATVs) on the Road: A Serious Traffic Safety and Public Health Concern." Traffic Injury Prevention 14, no. 1 (2013): 78–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2012.675110.

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Ungaro, Ryan C., Andres Yarur, Jacqueline Jossen, et al. "Higher Trough Vedolizumab Concentrations During Maintenance Therapy are Associated With Corticosteroid-Free Remission in Inflammatory Bowel Disease." Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 13, no. 8 (2019): 963–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz041.

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Abstract Background and Aims Vedolizumab is an anti-α4β7 biologic approved for ulcerative colitis [UC] and Crohn’s disease [CD]. We aimed to examine the association of maintenance vedolizumab concentrations with remission. Methods We performed a cross-sectional multi-centre study of inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] patients on maintenance vedolizumab. A homogeneous mobility shift assay [HMSA] was used to determine trough serum concentrations of vedolizumab and anti-drug antibodies [ATVs]. The primary outcome was corticosteroid-free clinical and biochemical remission defined as a composite of clinical remission, normalized C-reactive protein [CRP] and no corticosteroid use in 4 weeks. Secondary outcomes included corticosteroid-free endoscopic and deep remission. Vedolizumab concentrations were compared between patients in remission and with active disease. Logistic regression, adjusting for confounders, assessed the association between concentrations and remission. Results In total, 258 IBD patients were included [55% CD and 45% UC]. Patients in clinical and biochemical remission had significantly higher vedolizumab concentrations [12.7 µg/mL vs 10.1 µg/mL, p = 0.002]. Concentrations were also higher among patients in endoscopic and deep remission [14.2 µg/mL vs 8.5 µg/mL, p = 0.003 and 14.8 µg/mL vs 10.1 µg/mL, p = 0.01, respectively]. After controlling for potential confounders, IBD patients with vedolizumab concentrations >11.5 µg/mL were nearly 2.4 times more likely to be in corticosteroid-free clinical and biochemical remission. Only 1.6% of patients had ATVs. Conclusions In a large real-world cohort of vedolizumab maintenance concentrations, IBD patients with remission defined by objective measures [CRP and endoscopy] had significantly higher trough vedolizumab concentrations and immunogenicity was uncommon.

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Mattei, Tobias A., Brandon J. Bond, John W. Hafner, et al. "Definition and measurement of rider-intrinsic physical attributes influencing all-terrain vehicle safety." Neurosurgical Focus 31, no. 5 (2011): E6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2011.9.focus11176.

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Object All-terrain vehicle (ATV) usage has grown tremendously over the years, reaching 9.5 million vehicles in use in 2007. Accompanying this growth has been a concomitant increase in rider morbidity (including traumatic brain and spine injuries) and death, especially in children. The purpose of this study was to define and measure, through field testing, those physical attributes intrinsic to riders, such as height, weight, and wingspan, which may have implications for ATV riders' safety. Methods Three field tests (J-hook, brake, and bump) were developed and performed to allow direct measurement of the lateral, longitudinal, and vertical dynamics in 5 riders of varying heights, weights, and wingspans. Two ATVs, a utility and a sport model, were tested for further comparisons. Data were acquired using a comprehensive data acquisition system attached to the ATVs. Assignment of individual rider/ATV test safety ratings and a rider/ATV Total Safety Rating were made from the results of these field tests. Results The J-hook test results demonstrated that larger rider wingspans positively influence ATV rider safety and mitigate against lateral instability. From the brake test it was determined that a 10-in (25.4-cm) longitudinal displacement, such as that experienced during a sharp deceleration, for a rider of any height or weight, breached the level of defined safety. As rider weight increased, displacement decreased. The bump test provided evidence that increased rider weight also mitigates against vertical displacement. Conclusions Individuals with light weights and small wingspans, such as those in the pediatric population, are under considerable risk of injury when operating an ATV due to lateral, longitudinal, and vertical operational instability.

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Weichelt, Bryan, Serap Gorucu, Charles Jennissen, Gerene Denning, and Stephen Oesch. "Assessing the Emergent Public Health Concern of All-Terrain Vehicle Injuries in Rural and Agricultural Environments: Initial Review of Available National Datasets in the United States." JMIR Public Health and Surveillance 6, no. 2 (2020): e15477. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/15477.

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Background Injuries related to the operation of off-road vehicles (ORVs), including all-terrain vehicles (ATVs), continue to be a significant public health concern, especially in rural and agricultural environments. In the United States alone, ATVs have played a role in thousands of fatalities and millions of injuries in the recent decades. However, no known centralized federal surveillance system consistently captures these data. Traditional injury data sources include surveys, police reports, trauma registries, emergency department data, newspaper and online media reports, and state and federal agency databases. Objective The objectives of this study paper were to (1) identify published articles on ORV-related injuries and deaths that used large databases and determine the types of datasets that were used, (2) examine and describe several national US-based surveillance systems that capture ORV-related injuries and fatalities, and (3) promote and provide support for the establishment of a federally-funded agricultural injury surveillance system. Methods In this study, we examined several national United States–based injury datasets, including the web-based AgInjuryNews, the Fatality Analysis Reporting System, databases compiled by the US Consumer Product Safety Commission, and the National Fatality Review Case Reporting System. Results Our review found that these data sources cannot provide a complete picture of the incidents or the circumstantial details needed to effectively inform ORV injury prevention efforts. This is particularly true with regard to ORV-related injuries in agricultural production. Conclusions We encourage the establishment of a federally funded national agricultural injury surveillance system. However, in lieu of this, use of multiple data sources will be necessary to provide a more complete picture of ORV- and other agriculture-related injuries and fatalities.

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Karnes, Edward W., S. David Leonard, and Glen Rachwal. "Effects of Benign Experiences on the Perception of Risk." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 30, no. 2 (1986): 121–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193128603000204.

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In accordance with simple reinforcement theory it is assumed that experiences with potentially dangerous events that do not result in harm to an individual will tend to extinguish the individual's perception of the risk associated with those events. The purpose of the experiment described here is to evaluate the extent to which experiences that have not resulted in injury or concern for injury may affect the perception of risk associated with warnings. In line with theory, those persons having had experience with all terrain vehicles (ATVs) showed less perception of risk than those without such experience. Further, the efficacy of warnings against use with passengers varied as a function of prior passenger experience.

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Eijsvoogel, Nienke G., Babs M. F. Hendriks, Jef L. Willigers, et al. "Personalization of injection protocols to the individual patient’s blood volume and automated tube voltage selection (ATVS) in coronary CTA." PLOS ONE 13, no. 9 (2018): e0203682. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0203682.

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Tømmervik, H., B. Johansen, K. A. Høgda, and K. B. Strann. "High-resolution satellite imagery for detection of tracks and vegetation damage caused by all-terrain vehicles (ATVs) in Northern Norway." Land Degradation & Development 23, no. 1 (2010): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ldr.1047.

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Cong, Nan, Xun Chen, Jian Zhong Shang, and Ke Shan Liang. "Virtual Fatigue Test of Auto Parts Based on Non-Structural Road Driving Simulation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 34-35 (October 2010): 595–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.34-35.595.

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Non-Structural road driving test is a key part of fatigue and durability tests for vehicles such as the construction machines and ATVs. Combining a theoretic road-tyre dynamic model with some real vehicle design parameters, the responses of the wheel axle under different non-structural road conditions were estimated conveniently. The responses can be taken as inputs for a virtual test-rig simulation, and the responses of every part on the test object are obtained separately. Fatigue life is predicted under the finite element circumstance, and the reliability and durability are concluded. Comparing with the real road-driving test, the virtual fatigue test method above can significantly reduce the test period. This method is used to predict the fatigue life of the rear axle-housing in construction machines, the accuracy of the method is verified by a corresponding real bench test.

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Ayres, T. J., E. C. Lau, R. A. Schmidt, and D. E. Young. "Operator Experience and Accident Risk." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 40, no. 18 (1996): 947–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129604001818.

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It has long been recognized that the risk of operating motor vehicles declines as operator experience increases, even when operator age is deconfounded. In this paper, causal analyses of accidents involving all-terrain vehicles (ATVs) are reviewed in order to explore the role of experience in accident patterns. Factor attributions made by evaluators from the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission were sorted according to the reported ATV experience of the person operating each vehicle at the time of an accident. Counter to some expectations, the proportion of accidents attributed at least in part to each major category (e.g., operator, mechanical, or environmental factors) did not change appreciably with operator experience. In addition, most of the proportions attributed to each of a series of possible operator-related factors did not change, with several generally expected exceptions. Implications for understanding and reducing accidents are considered.

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Hendricks, Kitty J., John R. Myers, Larry A. Layne, and E. Michael Goldcamp. "Household youth on minority operated farms in the United States, 2000: Exposures to and injuries from work, horses, ATVs and tractors." Journal of Safety Research 36, no. 2 (2005): 149–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2005.01.002.

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Ganti, Latha, Aakash N. Bodhit, Yasamin Daneshvar, et al. "Impact of Helmet Use in Traumatic Brain Injuries Associated with Recreational Vehicles." Advances in Preventive Medicine 2013 (2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/450195.

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Objective. To study the impact of helmet use on outcomes after recreational vehicle accidents.Methods. This is an observational cohort of adult and pediatric patients who sustained a TBI while riding a recreational vehicle. Recreational vehicles included bicycles, motorcycles, and all-terrain vehicles (ATVs), as well as a category for other vehicles such as skateboards and scooters.Results. Lack of helmet use was significantly associated with having a more severe traumatic brain injury and being admitted to the hospital. Similarly, 25% of those who did wearing a helmet were admitted to the ICU versus 36% of those who did not (P=0.0489). The hospital length of stay was significantly greater for patients who did not use helmets.Conclusion. Lack of helmet use is significantly correlated with abnormal neuroimaging and admission to the hospital and ICU; these data support a call for action to implement more widespread injury prevention and helmet safety education and advocacy.

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Kvålseth, Tarald O. "All-Terrain Vehicles: A Human Factors and Safety Analysis." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 31, no. 7 (1987): 760–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193128703100715.

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This summary outlines the primary points of a paper concerning a human factors and safety analysis of the all-terrain vehicle (ATV). The ATV has become a popular consumer product and is being widely used in various work related environments. However, the safety of the different ATV designs is being seriously questioned, and the ATV related accident rates are showing alarming trends. In addition to giving such accident statistics, the paper to be presented will be concerned with various safety-related aspects of ATVs such as (1) the design of warning decals and owner's manuals, (2) safety devices, (3) thumb-operated versus twist throttles, (4) seat design, (5) luggage rack designs and (6) the unique operating characteristics and instability conditions. Two safety devices designed by this author and his students to prevent the ATV from tipping over backwards are discussed and the results of field tests, and possibly a video demonstration, are presented.

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Suvarchala, P. V. L., and S. Srinivas Kumar. "Feature Set Fusion for Spoof Iris Detection." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 8, no. 2 (2018): 2859–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.1859.

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Iris recognition is considered as one of the most promising noninvasive biometric systems providing automated human identification. Numerous programs, like unique ID program in India - Aadhar, include iris biometric to provide distinctive identity identification to citizens. The active area is usually captured under non ideal imaging conditions. It usually suffers from poor brightness, low contrast, blur due to camera or subject's relative movement and eyelid eyelash occlusions. Besides the technical challenges, iris recognition started facing sophisticated threats like spoof attacks. Therefore it is vital that the integrity of such large scale iris deployments must be preserved. This paper presents the development of a new spoof resistant approach which exploits the statistical dependencies of both general eye and localized iris regions in textural domain using spatial gray level dependence matrix (SGLDM), gray level run length matrix (GLRLM) and contourlets in transform domain. We did experiments on publicly available fake and lens iris image databases. Correct classification rate obtained with ATVS-FIr iris database is 100% while it is 95.63% and 88.83% with IITD spoof iris databases respectively.

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Helmkamp, James C., Mary E. Aitken, and Bruce A. Lawrence. "ATV and Bicycle Deaths and Associated Costs in the United States, 2000–2005." Public Health Reports 124, no. 3 (2009): 409–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003335490912400310.

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Objective. We determined the rate and costs of recent U.S. all-terrain vehicle (ATV) and bicycle deaths. Methods. Fatalities were identified from the National Center for Health Statistics Multiple Cause-of-Death public-access file. ATV and bicycle deaths were defined by International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision codes V86.0–V86.9 and V10–V19, respectively. Lifetime costs were estimated using standard methods such as those used by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Results. From 2000 through 2005, 5,204 people died from ATV crashes and 4,924 from bicycle mishaps. A mean of 694 adults and 174 children died annually from ATV injuries, while 666 adults and 155 children died from bicycle injuries. Death rates increased among adult ATV and bike riders and child ATV riders. Males had higher fatality rates for both ATVs and bicycles. Among children, total costs increased 15% for ATV deaths and decreased 23% for bicycle deaths. In adults, ATV costs increased 45% and bike costs increased 39%. Conclusions. Bicycle- and ATV-related deaths and associated costs are high and, for the most part, increasing. Promotion of proven prevention strategies, including helmet use, is indicated. However, enforcement of helmet laws is problematic, which may contribute to observed trends.

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Journal articles on the topic 'ATVs'

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