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Journal articles on the topic 'Audiometric test'
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Jung, Eun Kyung, Young Mi Choi, Eun Jung Kim, Sungsu Lee, and Hyong-Ho Cho. "Development of Sound Field Audiometry System for Small Audiometric Booths and Comparison of Its Equivalence With Traditional System." Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology 13, no. 1 (February 1, 2020): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.21053/ceo.2019.00577.
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Objectives. Sound field (SF) audiometry tests are usually conducted in audiometric booths measuring greater than 2×2 m in size. However, most private ENT clinics carry about 1×1-m-sized audiometric booths, making SF audiometry testing difficult to perform. The aims of this study were to develop an SF audiometry system for use in smaller audiometric booths and compare its performance with traditional system.Methods. The newly developed SF audiometry system can yield an SF signal at a distance of about 30 cm from the subject’s ears. Its height can be adjusted according to the subject’s head height. We compared SF hearing results between the new SF system and the traditional SF audiometry system in 20 adults with normal hearing (40 ears) and 24 adults with impaired hearing levels (38 ears) who wore hearing aids. Comparative parameters included warble tone audiometry threshold, a speech reception threshold (SRT), and a speech discrimination score (SDS). For statistical analysis, paired t-test was used. The equivalence of both SF systems was tested using two one-sided test (TOST) with a margin of 5 dB (normal hearing participants) and 10 dB (hearing aids wearing participants).Results. Among participants with normal hearing, warble tone hearing thresholds of 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz, average values of these four frequencies, and SRT were similar between the two systems (all <i>P</i>>0.05). Participants with hearing aids showed similar warble tone threshold and SRT (<i>P</i>>0.05) in both systems except for threshold of 4 kHz (<i>P</i>=0.033). SDS was significantly higher in the newly developed system (<i>P</i><0.05). TOST results showed equivalent SF audiometry results using either system.Conclusion. Audiometric results of the newly developed SF audiometry system were equivalent to those of a traditional system. Therefore, the small SF audiometry system can be used at small audiometric booths present in most private ENT clinics.
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Thoms, Lars-Jochen, Giuseppe Colicchia, and Raimund Girwidz. "Audiometric Test with a Smartphone." Physics Teacher 56, no. 7 (October 2018): 478–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.5055334.
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Frank, Tom, and Dennis L. Williams. "Ambient Noise Levels in Audiometric Test Rooms Used for Clinical Audiometry." Ear and Hearing 14, no. 6 (December 1993): 414–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003446-199312000-00007.
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Swanepoel, De Wet, Dirk Koekemoer, and Jackie Clark. "Intercontinental hearing assessment – a study in tele-audiology." Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare 16, no. 5 (May 10, 2010): 248–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/jtt.2010.090906.
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We evaluated the validity of remote pure tone audiometric testing conducted from North America on subjects in South Africa. Desktop-sharing computer software was used to control an audiometer in Pretoria from Dallas, and PC-based videoconferencing was employed for clinician and subject communication. Thirty adult subjects were assessed, and the pure tone audiometric thresholds (125–8000 Hz) obtained through conventional face-to-face and remote testing were compared. Face-to-face and remote audiometry thresholds differed by 10 dB in only 4% of cases overall. The limits of agreement between the two techniques were −8 and 7 dB with a 90% confidence interval of −5 to 5 dB. The average reaction times to stimulus presentations were similar, within −108 and 121 ms. The average test duration was 21% longer for remote testing (10.4 vs. 8.2 min). There were no clinically significant differences between the results obtained by remote intercontinental audiometric testing and conventional face-to-face audiometry. It may therefore be possible to expand the reach of audiological services into remote underserved regions of the world.
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Bommer, Arno S., and Charles T. Moritz. "Sound isolation of an audiometric test room." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 96, no. 5 (November 1994): 3267. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.410999.
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Frank, Tom, and Dennis L. Williams. "Ambient noise levels in audiometric test rooms." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 93, no. 4 (April 1993): 2406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.405964.
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Kwak, Min Young, Woo Ri Choi, Jun Woo Park, Eun Jeong Hwang, Yeo Ra Ha, Jong Woo Chung, and Woo Seok Kang. "Assessment of Objective Audiometry to Predict Subjective Satisfaction in Patients With Hearing Aids." Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology 13, no. 2 (May 1, 2020): 141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21053/ceo.2019.00871.
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Objectives. To investigate the correlation of objective audiometry with user satisfaction as measured with the questionnaire scores.Methods. Twenty patients with hearing loss, who agreed to wear a hearing aid and were referred for hearing aid fitting, were included in this prospective clinical study. All patients used the in-the-canal type of Wide7 hearing aid provided by BSL Co., Ltd. We performed the Korean version of the Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly (K-HHIE) and the International Outcome Inventory for Hearing Aids (K-IOI-HA) before and 1, 3, and 6 months after wearing the hearing aid. We also performed pure tone audiometry (PTA), speech audiometry (SA), functional gain (FG), hearing in noise test (HINT), and central auditory processing disorder tests, such as frequency pattern test (CA-f), duration pattern test (CA-d), and dichotic test (CA-Di). Patients were divided into two groups (group A-HHIE, improved; group B-HHIE, same or worse) by comparing the score of K-HHIE before and 6 months after wearing the hearing aid. In the 6-month K-IOI-HA questionnaire, 21 points were considered as the average score. Based on this, we further divided patients into two groups (group A-IOI, >21 points; group B-IOI, ≤21 points).Results. Group A-HHIE included six patients and group B-HHIE included 14 patients. In PTA, SA, HINT, CA-d, and CA-Di, group A-HHIE showed higher improvements than group B-HHIE, which were not statistically significant. Group A-IOI included 12 patients and group B-IOI included eight patients. No statistically significant difference was noted in the improvement of audiometric results over a period of 6 months after wearing the hearing aid between groups A-IOI and B-IOI.Conclusion. There were no significant and consistent audiometric results to reflect patient’s satisfaction with the hearing aid. Therefore, when analyzing the hearing aid-fitting outcome, both the objective audiometric tests and subjective questionnaire should be performed together for validating hearing aid performance.
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Sagit, M., S. Guler, A. Karaman, M. Yasar, A. Emiroglu, and I. Ozcan. "Cochlear involvement in patients with ulcerative colitis." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 130, no. 2 (September 30, 2015): 128–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215115002583.
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AbstractObjective:To investigate whether cochlear involvement is an extraintestinal manifestation in patients with ulcerative colitis.Method:Forty-four ulcerative colitis patients and 44 age-matched healthy subjects were included in the study. Pure tone and speech audiometry, and distortion product otoacoustic emission tests were performed on all participants. The audiometric test results were compared between groups and their relationship with disease activity was investigated.Results:Pure tone threshold averages were significantly higher in ulcerative colitis patients compared to controls (p < 0.05). Speech discrimination scores were significantly lower in ulcerative colitis patients compared to controls (p < 0.05). Distortion product otoacoustic emission amplitude values were significantly lower for all of the tested frequencies (except for 6000 Hz in the right ear) in ulcerative colitis patients compared to controls (p < 0.05). No relationship was detected between audiometric test results and disease activity (p > 0.05).Conclusion:Even though hearing thresholds may be within normal limits, decreased distortion product otoacoustic emission amplitude values indicate a cochlear involvement in ulcerative colitis patients.
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Ganter, Declan B. "CALIBRATED DIGITAL HEADSET AND AUDIOMETRIC TEST METHODS THEREWITH." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 134, no. 5 (2013): 3966. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4828923.
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Frank, Tom, and Dennis L. Williams. "Ambient Noise Levels in Industrial Audiometric Test Rooms." American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal 55, no. 5 (May 1994): 433–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15428119491018871.
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Kelly, Elizabeth A., Bin Li, and Meredith E. Adams. "Diagnostic Accuracy of Tuning Fork Tests for Hearing Loss: A Systematic Review." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 159, no. 2 (April 17, 2018): 220–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0194599818770405.
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Objective (1) To determine the diagnostic accuracy of tuning fork tests (TFTs; Weber and Rinne) for assessment of hearing loss as compared with standard audiometry. (2) To identify the audiometric threshold at which TFTs transition from normal to abnormal, thus indicating the presence of hearing loss. Data Sources PubMed, Ovid Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Scopus and manual bibliographic searches. Review Methods A systematic review of studies reporting TFT accuracy was performed according to a standardized protocol. Two independent evaluators corroborated the extracted data and assessed risk of bias. Results Seventeen studies with 3158 participants, including adults and children, met inclusion criteria. The sensitivity and specificity of the Rinne test for detecting conductive hearing loss ranged from 43% to 91% and 50% to 100%, respectively, for a 256-Hz fork and from 16% to 87% and 55% to 100% for a 512-Hz fork. The audiometric thresholds at which tests transition from normal to abnormal ranged from 13 to 40 dB of conductive hearing loss for the Rinne test and from 2.5 to 4 dB of asymmetry for the Weber test. Significant heterogeneity in TFT methods and audiometric thresholds to define hearing loss precluded meta-analysis. There is high risk of bias in patient selection for a majority of the studies. Conclusion Variability exists in the reported test accuracy measurements of TFTs for clinical screening, surgical candidacy assessments, and estimation of hearing loss severity. Clinicians should remain mindful of these differences and optimize these techniques in specific clinical applications to improve TFT accuracy.
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Ghiselli, S., S. Nedic, S. Montino, L. Astolfi, and R. Bovo. "Cochlear implantation in post-lingually deafened adults and elderly patients: analysis of audiometric and speech perception outcomes during the first year of use." Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Italica 36, no. 6 (December 2016): 513–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.14639/0392-100x-1222.
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Questo studio è volto alla valutazione degli outcomes audiometrici e logopedici dei pazienti anziani portatori di impianto cocleare durante il primo anno di utilizzo del dispositivo. Sono stati valutati 42 pazienti impiantati tra marzo 2010 e settembre 2014 presso lUO ORL dellAzienda Ospedaliera Universitaria di Padova. Sono stati inclusi nello studio pazienti affetti da sordità bilaterale postlinguale di grado severo-profondo impiantati unilateralmente. I soggetti sono stati divisi in tre gruppi in base allepoca della chirurgia: 14 soggetti con impianto fra i 35 e i 49 anni, 14 fra i 50 e i 64 anni e 14 impiantati a unetà superiore di 65 anni. Tutti i pazienti sono stati valutati prima e dopo la chirurgia (a 1, 3, 6 e 12 mesi di follow-up) attraverso lesecuzione di: audiometria tonale, audiometria vocale, test logopedici e somministrazione del questionario delle categorie percettive (CAP). Lanalisi statistica è stata effettuata attraverso il Students t-test. La totalità dei soggetti nei tre gruppi hanno dimostrato significativi miglioramenti allaudiometria tonale e vocale ai controlli post chirurgici rispetto alle performance ottenute precedentemente allimpianto. In particolare si sono verificati miglioramenti della soglia audiometrica media (PTA) senza differenze statisticamente significative tra i tre gruppi. risultati ottenuti nei test logopedici e dalla somministrazione del CAP hanno dimostrato evidenti miglioramenti in tutti i tre gruppi in studio. Abbiamo riscontrato, però, che i soggetti più giovani hanno raggiunto maggiori punteggi ai controlli post impianto rispetto a quelli più anziani. Concludendo, possiamo affermare che limpianto cocleare è un trattamento efficace per soggetti affetti da ipoacusia severa-profonda senza differenze significative nelle performance audiologiche e logopediche in relazione alletà di impianto. Anche se più lentamente, i pazienti impiantati dopo i 65 anni di età raggiungono performance ottimali e possono essere ritenuti dei candidati ottimali allintervento.
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Louw, Christine, De Wet Swanepoel, and Robert H. Eikelboom. "Self-Reported Hearing Loss and Pure Tone Audiometry for Screening in Primary Health Care Clinics." Journal of Primary Care & Community Health 9 (January 2018): 215013271880315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2150132718803156.
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Objective: To evaluate the performance of self-reported hearing loss alone and in combination with pure tone audiometry screening in primary health care clinics in South Africa. Design: Nonprobability purposive sampling was used at 2 primary health care clinics. A total of 1084 participants (mean age 41.2 years; SD 15.5 years; range 16-97 years, 74.0% female) were screened using self-report and audiometry screening. Those failing audiometric screening and a sample of those who passed audiometric screening were also assessed by diagnostic pure time audiometry, to confirm or negate the finding of a hearing loss. Results: Four hundred and thirty-six participants (40.2%) self-reported a hearing loss with no significant association with gender or race. One hundred and thirty-six participant (12.5%) self-reported hearing loss and failed audiometry screening (35 dB HL at 1, 2, and 4 kHz). Combining self-report with a second stage audiometry screening revealed a high test accuracy (81.0%) for hearing loss, being most accurate (86.1%) to identify high-frequency hearing loss. Conclusion: While self-report of hearing loss is an easy and time-efficient screening method to use at primary health care clinics, its accuracy may be limited when used in isolation and it may not be sufficiently sensitive to detect hearing loss. Combining a simple audiometry screening as a second-stage screen can significantly improve overall performance and efficiency of the screening protocol.
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Määttä, Taisto K., Martti J. Sorri, Kerttu H. Huttunen, Taina T. Välimaa, and Arto A. Muhli. "On the construction of a Finnish audiometric sentence test." Scandinavian Audiology 30, no. 1 (January 2001): 171–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/010503901300007434.
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Frank, Tom, John D. Durrant, and Jean M. Lovrinic. "Maximum Permissible Ambient Noise Levels for Audiometric Test Rooms." American Journal of Audiology 2, no. 1 (March 1993): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1059-0889.0201.33.
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Chaiklin, Joseph B. "A Descending Lot-Bekesy Screening Test for Functional Hearing Loss." Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders 55, no. 1 (February 1990): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshd.5501.67.
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This study investigated the screening efficiency of a descending version of Hattler's Lengthened Off-time (LOT) Bekesy test. The Descending LOT (DELOT) test was administered to 24 subjects who presented unequivocal audiometric evidence of functional hearing loss during clinical examinations and 30 subjects with no audiometric evidence of functional loss. The DELOT format substantially increased screening sensitivity: 29.2% more functional group subjects and 42.2% more functional group ears were identified correctly relative to LOT test identifications. There was one marginally positive DELOT outcome involving one ear in the nonfunctional group. The high sensitivity of the DELOT test was clearly a function of significantly larger intertrace gaps caused by the DELOT trace. The mean intertrace gap for the DELOT test was more than 10 dB greater than the gap for the LOT test.
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Wunderlich, Robert, Alwina Stein, Alva Engell, Pia Lau, Lea Waasem, Alex Shaykevich, Claudia Rudack, and Christo Pantev. "Evaluation of iPod-Based Automated Tinnitus Pitch Matching." Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 26, no. 02 (February 2015): 205–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3766/jaaa.26.2.9.
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Background: Tinnitus is the perception of sound unrelated to any external source. Diagnostic approaches to assess tinnitus characteristics such as tinnitus pitch are crucial for new attempts of tinnitus therapy. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate reliable tinnitus pitch-matching procedures. Existing procedures usually require audiometric equipment and are time consuming. However, some patients with tinnitus find it hard to match their tinnitus in one single session. Therefore, we developed an iPod-based application for self-administered tinnitus pitch matching and compared it with a standardized audiometric procedure. Study Sample: A total of 17 patients with chronic tonal tinnitus participated in two sessions including both pitch-matching procedures. Method: In the conventional audiometric test, the investigator adjusted the frequency and loudness of pure tones led by the responses of the patient. For the iPod-based procedure, we used a recursive two-interval forced-choice test that required no interaction with an investigator. Both procedures included loudness matching and testing for octave confusion. Results: The iPod-based procedure resulted in lower pitch matches as compared with the conventional audiometry. Psychometric qualities such as test-retest reliability of both methods were comparable. Participants rated the iPod-based procedure as easier to perform and more comfortable to use. Conclusions: In conclusion, we find that the use of self-administered tinnitus pitch-matching procedures on a mobile device is feasible and easier in practice without any loss of reliability and validity. A major advantage is the possibility of repeated measurements without expensive equipment and experienced staff. Repeated measurements of tinnitus pitch can provide more information about the stability of the tinnitus perception and may improve the ability of participants to match their tinnitus.
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Davignon, Donald D., and Barry H. Leshowitz. "The Speech-In-Noise Test: A New Approach to the Assessment of Communication Capability of Elderly Persons." International Journal of Aging and Human Development 23, no. 2 (September 1986): 149–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/xyn2-9q8m-7crf-jh36.
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The present investigation measured how well elderly persons hear in everyday auditory communication situations. It was felt that traditional clinical measures of auditory performance have not been shown to be valid predictors of communication function for an elderly population. Participants ranged in age from fifty-five to seventy-two years. In addition to several standard audiometric tests, a new speech test incorporating sentence material was administered in both quiet and noise. As a measure of general communication performance, a hearing questionnaire was developed. The findings indicated that the results of the new Speech-In-Noise (SIN) test were better predictors of hearing communication performance than any of the traditional audiometric measures by a wide margin (.73 versus .62). Statistical analysis further indicated that the SIN test could replace all of the standard audiometric tests in the evaluation of hearing of elderly listeners. Because the SIN test is so brief, given in five to seven minutes, and so easily administered, this test is ideal for mass screening of hearing among the elderly.
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Zeigelboim, Bianca Simone, Hélio A. G. Teive, Michèlli Rodrigues da Rosa, Jéssica Spricigo Malisky, Vinicius Ribas Fonseca, Jair Mendes Marques, and Paulo Breno Liberalesso. "The importance of central auditory evaluation in Friedreich's ataxia." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 76, no. 3 (March 2018): 170–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x20180008.
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ABSTRACT Objective To assess central auditory function in Friedreich's ataxia. Methods A cross-sectional, retrospective study was carried out. Thirty patients underwent the anamnesis, otorhinolaryngology examination, pure tone audiometry, acoustic immittance measures and brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) assessments. Results The observed alterations were: 43.3% in the pure tone audiometry, bilateral in 36.7%; 56.6% in the BAEP test, bilateral in 50%; and 46.6% in the acoustic immittance test. There was a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the comparison between the tests performed. Conclusion In the audiological screening, there was a prevalence of the descending audiometric configuration at the frequency of 4kHz, and absence of the acoustic reflex at the same frequency. In the BAEP test, there was a prevalence of an increase of the latencies in waves I, III and V, and in the intervals of interpeaks I-III, I-V and III-V. In 13.3% of the patients, wave V was absent, and all waves were absent in 3.3% of patients.
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Thompson, Marie, Gary Thompson, and Susan Vethivelu. "A Comparison of Audiometric Test Methods for 2-Year-Old Children." Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders 54, no. 2 (May 1989): 174–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshd.5402.174.
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Visual reinforcement audiometry (VRA), visual reinforcement operant conditioning audiometry (VROCA), and play audiometry were compared in terms of conditionability and number of responses obtained prior to habituation on normal 2-year-old (24–27 months) children. Results indicated that a higher percentage of children could be conditioned to VRA than to either VROCA or play audiometry. Results also indicated that for children who could be conditioned, the play audiometry group showed more responses prior to habituation than were obtained from the other two groups.
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Majidi, Mohammadreza, Mokhtari Nematollah, Tale Mohammadreza, Rauf Aliasghar, and Mohammad Taghi Shakeri. "S233 – Diagnostic Role of Electrocochleography after Glycerol Test." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 139, no. 2_suppl (August 2008): P153. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.otohns.2008.05.408.
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Objectives Response to dehydrating agents such as glycerol in Meniere's disease is evaluated by audiometric shifts after substance administration. Since the major pathogenic event in this disease is endolymphatic hydrops, evidenced by elevated SP/AP ratio, this study was conducted to determine the value of electrochochleography in assessment of response to glycerol administration in patients with definite Meniere's disease. Methods Between October 2006 and December 2007, 12 women and 10 men with definite Meniere's disease, based on AAO-HNS guidelines during acute phase, were included in this study. Pure tone audiometry (before and 1,2,3 hours after glycerol administration) and extratympanic electrocochleography (before and 3 hours after test) were performed; improvement in tinnitus, aural fullness, and vertigo symptoms were recorded after glycerol administration. Chi-square test was used to compare the sensitivity of electrocochleography and pure tone audiometry for detection of response to glycerol test. Results 22 patients, mean age of 40.18±8.8 years, were included in this study. Of 16 patients with tinnitus complaint, 9 patients reported significant improvement after glycerol test. Of 22 patients with vertigo and aural fullness symptoms, 19 reported significant clinical improvement. The SP/AP ratio was significantly reduced and reached to less than 80% of pretest values in 17 of these patients, but improvement in pure tone thresholds was observed in 8 patients. The difference between 2 methods was significant (p<0.05). Conclusions It seems that significant reduction in SP/AP ratio in patients with Meniere's disease might be a more sensitive indicator of the response to glycerol test than pure tone threshold shifts.
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Emerson, Maria F., Kami K. Crandall, J. Anthony Seikel, and Gail D. Chermak. "Observations on the Use of SCAN to Identify Children at Risk for Central Auditory Processing Disorder." Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools 28, no. 1 (January 1997): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/0161-1461.2801.43.
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The SCAN: A Screening Test for Auditory Processing Disorders was designed for administration in a quiet school test setting, although it is also administered by audiologists in the audiometric booth in a study seeking to screen for the presence of central auditory processing disorder (CAPD) in children with a history of otitis media (OM), 14 children with a history of OM and an equal number without this risk factor for CAPD (non-OM) were tested in a school setting using the SCAN and the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-Revised (PPVT-R). Forty-three percent of the OM group failed the SCAN, as did 29% of the non-OM group; hence, the groups were not differentiated using the SCAN. To prove the effects of environment on test results, a second experiment was conducted in which six additional children were administered the SCAN in both a school setting and an audiometric test booth. Individual data revealed that subjects performed more poorly on the SCAN administered in the school setting than in audiometric test booth. The marked difference in SCAN scores between the two environments raises methodological concerns regarding the use of this instrument for indentification of children at risk for central auditory processing disorders.
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Konrad-Martin, Dawn, Kenneth E. James, Jane S. Gordon, Kelly M. Reavis, David S. Phillips, Gene W. Bratt, and Stephen A. Fausti. "Evaluation of Audiometric Threshold Shift Criteria for Ototoxicity Monitoring." Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 21, no. 05 (May 2010): 301–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3766/jaaa.21.5.3.
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Background: There is disagreement about ototoxicity monitoring methods. Controversy exists about what audiometric threshold shift criteria should be used, which frequencies should be tested, and with what step size. An evaluation of the test performance achieved using various criteria and methods for ototoxicity monitoring may help resolve these issues. Purpose: (1) Evaluate test performance achieved using various significant threshold shift (STS) definitions for ototoxicity monitoring in a predominately veteran population; and (2) determine whether testing in ⅙- or ⅓-octave steps improves test performance compared to ½-octave steps. Research Design: A prospective, observational study design was used in which STSs were evaluated at frequencies within an octave of each subject's high-frequency hearing limit at two time points, an early monitoring test and the final monitoring test. Study Sample: Data were analyzed from 78 ears of 41 patients receiving cisplatin and from 53 ears of 28 hospitalized patients receiving nonototoxic antibiotics. Cisplatin-treated subjects received a cumulative dosage ≥350 mg by the final monitoring test. Testing schedule, age, and pre-exposure hearing characteristics were similar between the subject groups. Data Collection and Analysis: Threshold shifts relative to baseline were examined to determine whether they met criteria based on magnitudes of positive STS (shifts of ≥5, 10, 15, or 20 dB) and numbers of frequencies affected (shifts at ≥1, 2, or 3 adjacent frequencies) for data collected using approximately ⅙-, ⅓-, or ½-octave steps. Thresholds were confirmed during monitoring sessions in which shifts were identified. Test performance was evaluated with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves developed using a surrogate “gold standard”; true positive (TP) rates were derived from the cisplatin-exposed group and false positive (FP) rates from the nonexposed, control group. Best STS definitions were identified that achieved the greatest areas under ROC curves or resulted in the highest TP rates for a fixed FP rate near 5%, chosen to minimize the number of patients incorrectly diagnosed with ototoxic hearing loss. Results: At the early monitoring test, average threshold shifts differed only slightly across groups. Test-frequency step size did not affect performance, and changes at one or more frequencies yielded the best test performance. At the final monitoring test, average threshold shifts were +10.5 dB for the cisplatin group, compared with −0.2 dB for the control group. Compared with the ½-octave step size used clinically, use of smaller frequency steps improved test performance for threshold shifts at ≥2 or ≥3 adjacent frequencies. Best overall test performance was achieved using a criterion cutoff of ≥10 dB threshold shift at ≥2 adjacent frequencies tested in ⅙-octave steps. Best test performance for the ½-octave step size was achieved for shifts ≥15 dB at one or more frequencies. Conclusions: An ototoxicity monitoring protocol that uses an individualized, one-octave range of frequencies tested in ⅙-octave steps is quick to administer and has an acceptable FP rate. Similar test performance can be achieved using ⅓-octave test frequencies, which further reduces monitoring test time.
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Browning, G. G., I. R. C. Swan, and K. K. Chew. "Clinical role of informal tests of hearing." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 103, no. 1 (January 1989): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100107923.
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AbstractClinical tests of hearing are regularly used in adults but their role, now that pure-tone audiometry is almost universally available, has not been evaluated by modern methods of analysis including sensitivity and specificity.Free-field voice testing was carried out in 101 patients and the Rinne tuning-fork test in a different group of 127 patients prior to clinical or audiometric evaluation. The results were subsequently compared to air and bone conduction pure-tone thresholds assessed using rigorous standards.Depending on the audiometric definition as to what constitutes a hearing impairment, the sensitivity of free-field voice testing to identify such an impairment because of an inability to hear a whispered voice at two feet (60 cm.) was 86 per cent or better with the specificity being in the region of 90 per cent.In the Rinne test the 256 Hz fork was superior to the 512 Hz fork (p<0.05) and the loudness comparison method superior to the threshold decay method (p<0.01) in detecting an air-bone gap. Combining the responses to the two forks did not improve the results. The Rinne test with the 256 Hz fork will identify correctly 48 per cent of individuals with a 15 dB, 69 per cent with a 20 dB, 87 per cent with a 25 dB, and 95 per cent with a 30 dB conductive impairment. In all instances the specificity is greater than 90 per cent.
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Tufts, Jennifer B., and Tom Frank. "Effect of audiometric test room noise on monaural and binaural thresholds." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 104, no. 3 (September 1998): 1799. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.423561.
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Abu-Ghanem, Sara, Ophir Handzel, Lior Ness, Miri Ben-Artzi-Blima, Karin Fait-Ghelbendorf, and Mordechai Himmelfarb. "Smartphone-based audiometric test for screening hearing loss in the elderly." European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology 273, no. 2 (February 6, 2015): 333–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00405-015-3533-9.
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McClannahan, Katrina S., Yi-Fang Chiu, Mitchell S. Sommers, and Jonathan E. Peelle. "Test-Retest Reliability of Audiometric Assessment in Individuals With Mild Dementia." JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery 147, no. 5 (May 1, 2021): 442. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamaoto.2021.0012.
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Majumder, J., C. R. Mehta, D. Sen, L. S. Kot, and S. C. Pharade. "Auditory Threshold Profile of Indian Automobile Drivers." Noise & Vibration Worldwide 36, no. 3 (March 2005): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/0957456053742319.
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Noise and vibration are occupational hazards, which affect the workers health and safety. Prolonged exposure to noisy environment results in hearing loss of the affected individuals. The objective of this study was to assess the hearing threshold profiles of automobile drivers in Kolkata, India. In this study, 90 healthy male subjects of similar age, height and weight were divided into three groups of 30 each viz. drivers with less than 10 years of experience, drivers with more than 10 years of experience and office workers. The audiometric testing of both the ears of the selected subjects were conducted at 125, 250, 500, 1000, 1500, 2000, 3000, 4000, 6000, 8000 and 10000 Hz. The hearing threshold levels of office workers at audiometric test frequencies of 0.5, 1, 2 and 3 kHz did not exceed 25 dB to cause hearing handicap. However, it exceeded 25 dB(A) for automobile drivers. Two tail ‘t’ test for large samples of identical size was used to investigate the difference in audiometric status of both ears between drivers of more than 10 years experience and office workers, drivers of less than 10 years experience and office workers and between drivers of more than 10 years and less than 10 years experience. Statistical analysis of the data revealed significant differences in the audiometric profile of the drivers in comparison to the office workers. Overall results indicated that long term and continuous exposure to automobile sound accompanied by environmental sound was the principle cause of the poor audiometric status of the drivers. Automobile drivers should use personnel protective devices such as ear plugs, ear muffs etc to protect themselves from hearing loss.
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Fatmawaty, Fatmawaty, Hartono Gunardi, Ronny Suwento, Abdul Latief, Rulina Suradi, and Irawan Mangunatmadja. "The role of hearing capability test as a screening test for the possibility of hearing disorder in children with speech delay." Paediatrica Indonesiana 46, no. 6 (October 18, 2016): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/pi46.6.2006.255-9.
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Background Hearing disorder may cause speech delay so thatevery child with speech delay should undergo hearing test. Thegold standard for audiometric test is otoacustic emission (OAE)and brainstem evoked response audiometry (BERA). They havehigh sensitivity and specificity, but the availability is limited andexpensive. Hence, both tests are not available at the primary healthcare centers. In 1997, the Department of Health, Republic of Indo-nesia, established a simple subjective test instrument, i.e. the hear-ing capability test (HCT).Objective To asses the accuracy of HCT compared to the goldstandard hearing tests (OAE and/or BERA).Methods This study was a cross sectional study on 89 childrenaged less than 5 years who had speech delay and came to theGrowth and Development Outpatient Clinic or the General Outpa-tient Clinic, Pediatric Neurology Clinic of the Department of ChildHealth, Cipto Mangunkusumo (CM) Hospital; and Center for EarCare and Communicative Disorders (CECCD), Department of ENT,CM Hospital, during March to August 2005.Results HCT sensitivity and specificity were 92.9% and 27.7%,respectively. Positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictivevalue (NPV), positive likelihood ratio (PLR), and negative likehoodratio (NLR) were 84%, 50%, 1.9, and 0.7, respectively.Conclusion The sensitivity and specificity of HCT as a screeningtest of hearing disorder in children with speech delay were 93%and 28%, respectively. Based on this result, HCT should only beused as screening test and not as a diagnostic test
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Everett, Alyssa, Aileen Wong, Rosie Piper, Barbara Cone, and Nicole Marrone. "Sensitivity and Specificity of Pure-Tone and Subjective Hearing Screenings Using Spanish-Language Questions." American Journal of Audiology 29, no. 1 (March 5, 2020): 35–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2019_aja-19-00053.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to determine the sensitivities and specificities of different audiometric hearing screening criteria and single-item and multi-item hearing disability questionnaires among a group of Spanish-speaking adults in a rural community. Method Participants were 131 predominantly older (77% 65+ years) Hispanic/Latinx adults (98%). A structured Spanish-language interview and pure-tone threshold test data were analyzed for each participant. The sensitivities and specificities of three single questions and the Hearing Handicap Index for the Elderly–Screening (HHIE-S; Ventry & Weinstein, 1983 ) in Spanish, as well as three audiometric screening criteria, were evaluated in relation to the pure-tone threshold test for detecting hearing loss. Results Sensitivity and specificity of audiometric screening criteria varied, but the highest sensitivity was found for the criterion of > 25 dB HL at 1–4 kHz in either ear. The single self-perception question, “ ¿Cree usted que tiene pérdida de audición? ( Do you think you have a hearing loss?),” was shown to be the most sensitive self-report screening compared to other single-item questions and the HHIE-S. This single question was as sensitive as an audiometric screening to detect a moderate hearing loss (> 40 dB HL in either ear). Results from the Spanish HHIE-S indicated poor performance to detect hearing loss in this population, consistent with previous research. Conclusions Among older Spanish-speaking adults, self-reported hearing status had varying sensitivities depending on the question asked. However, of the tools evaluated, the self-perception question proved to be a more sensitive and specific tool than a multi-item screen. Objective audiometric testing (> 25 dB HL) resulted in the highest sensitivity to detect a mild hearing loss.
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Dewyer, Nicholas A., Patpong Jiradejvong, David S. Lee, Jacquelyn D. Kemmer, Jennifer Henderson Sabes, and Charles J. Limb. "Automated Smartphone Audiometry: A Preliminary Validation of a Bone-Conduction Threshold Test App." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 128, no. 6 (February 11, 2019): 508–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003489419828770.
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Objective: To develop and validate an automated smartphone app that determines bone-conduction pure-tone thresholds. Methods: A novel app, called EarBone, was developed as an automated test to determine best-cochlea pure-tone bone-conduction thresholds using a smartphone driving a professional-grade bone oscillator. Adult, English-speaking patients who were undergoing audiometric assessment by audiologists at an academic health system as part of their prescribed care were invited to use the EarBone app. Best-ear bone-conduction thresholds determined by the app and the gold standard audiologist were compared. Results: Forty subjects with varied hearing thresholds were tested. Sixty-one percent of app-determined thresholds were within 5 dB of audiologist-determined thresholds, and 79% were within 10 dB. Nearly all subjects required assistance with placing the bone oscillator on their mastoid. Conclusion: Best-cochlea bone-conduction thresholds determined by the EarBone automated smartphone audiometry app approximate those determined by an audiologist. This serves as a proof of concept for automated smartphone-based bone-conduction threshold testing. Further improvements, such as the addition of contralateral ear masking, are needed to make the app clinically useful.
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Coene, Martine, Stefanie Krijger, Matthias Meeuws, Geert De Ceulaer, and Paul J. Govaerts. "Linguistic Factors Influencing Speech Audiometric Assessment." BioMed Research International 2016 (2016): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7249848.
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In speech audiometric testing, hearing performance is typically measured by calculating the number of correct repetitions of a speech stimulus. We investigate to what extent the repetition accuracy of Dutch speech stimuli presented against a background noise is influenced by nonauditory processes. We show that variation in verbal repetition accuracy is partially explained by morpholexical and syntactic features of the target language. Verbs, prepositions, conjunctions, determiners, and pronouns yield significantly lower correct repetitions than nouns, adjectives, or adverbs. The reduced repetition performance for verbs and function words is probably best explained by the similarities in the perceptual nature of verbal morphology and function words in Dutch. For sentences, an overall negative effect of syntactic complexity on speech repetition accuracy was found. The lowest number of correct repetitions was obtained with passive sentences, reflecting the cognitive cost of processing a noncanonical sentence structure. Taken together, these findings may have important implications for the audiological practice. In combination with hearing loss, linguistic complexity may increase the cognitive demands to process sentences in noise, leading to suboptimal functional hearing in day-to-day listening situations. Using test sentences with varying degrees of syntactic complexity may therefore provide useful information to measure functional hearing benefits.
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Margolis, Robert H., and Brandon Madsen. "The Acoustic Test Environment for Hearing Testing." Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 26, no. 09 (October 2015): 784–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3766/jaaa.14072.
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Background: Audiology clinics traditionally employ expensive, prefabricated sound rooms to create an environment that is sufficiently quiet for accurate hearing tests. There is seldom any analysis of the need for or benefit from such enclosures. There may be less expensive methods that would decrease the cost of and increase access to hearing testing. Purpose: This report provides information concerning the need for and effectiveness of sound rooms and an analysis of the audiometric test ranges for various earphone/room combinations. Research Design: Acoustic measurements made in four rooms were analyzed with the attenuation provided by various earphone designs to determine the maximum permissible ambient noise levels and the corresponding audiometric test ranges. Study Sample: The measurements and calculations were performed with four test rooms and five earphone designs. Data Collection and Analysis: Ambient noise levels and earphone attenuation characteristics were used to calculate the noise levels that reach the ear. Those were compared to the maximum permissible ambient noise levels that are provided in ANSI S3.1-1999 or calculated from measured attenuation levels. These measurements were used to calculate testable ranges for each room/earphone combination. Results: The various room/earphone combinations resulted in minimum test levels that ranged from −10 to 20 dB HL at various test frequencies. Conclusions: When the actual benefits of expensive prefabricated sound rooms are assessed based on the range of hearing levels that can be tested, the effectiveness of that approach becomes highly questionable. Less expensive methods based on planning the clinic space, use of inexpensive sound treatments, and selecting an appropriate earphone can be effective in almost any space that would be used for hearing testing.
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Cox, Robyn M., Genevieve C. Alexander, and Izel M. Rivera. "Accuracy of audiometric test room simulations of three real‐world listening environments." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 90, no. 2 (August 1991): 764–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.401946.
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Tharr, Dawn. "Case Studies: A Sawmill Environment: Noise Levels, Controls, and Audiometric Test Results." Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene 6, no. 12 (December 1991): 1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1047322x.1991.10389744.
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Milind Gaikwad, Shrutika, Vedanti Arvind Patil, and Aparna Nandurka. "Performance of normal hearing preschool children on audiometric ling’s six sound test." Journal of Otolaryngology-ENT Research 11, no. 6 (2019): 239–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/joentr.2019.11.00442.
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Introduction: Ling’s six sound test is a quick and simple test to ascertain access to speech sounds essential for development of optimum listening and speaking skills. However, most of the normative data available for Ling’s six sound test is adult based. Therefore, there is a need to develop normative data for subsequent use with children who are receiving early intervention procedures. This study aims at obtaining the awareness and identification thresholds for Ling’s six sounds for normal hearing preschool children between 3 to 6 years of age. Methods: Each of the six sounds of Ling’s six sound test namely; |a| |i| |u| |s| |sh| |m| were presented in the sound field through an audiometer to fifty 3 to 6-year-old children with normal hearing sensitivity in a sound treated room. Each child was explained the task and was conditioned well before the testing. Both awareness and identification thresholds were obtained. The lowest level at which the child responded was noted as the threshold. Results: The lowest threshold for awareness and identification was obtained for the sound |a| (10.3 dB HL and 15.4 dB HL respectively). whereas the highest threshold was obtained for the sound |s| (18.2 dB HL and 24 dB HL respectively. A significant difference was seen in thresholds across all the sounds for both awareness and identification. Conclusions: The differences seen in thresholds across all the sounds for both awareness and identification are due to several higher order factors as well as the acoustic and spectral features of each of the Ling’s six sounds.
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Kononov, Оlexander Ye, Larysa F. Matiukha, Ganna V. Batsiura, Olha V. Protsiuk, Liliana V. Klymenko, and Tatyana V. Veselova. "CLINICAL AND AUDIOLOGICAL VALUES IN THE EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF HEARING IMPAIRMENTS AND RISK GROUPS AMONG SHIP REPAIR WORKERS." Wiadomości Lekarskie 72, no. 4 (2019): 600–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.36740/wlek201904118.
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Introduction: The hazardous effect of industrial noise exposure on ship repair workers has been highlighted in a number of studies. However, no data are currently available for studying the effect of noise exposure on the auditory system and general health of ship repair workers. The aim: The study is focused on the early diagnosis of hearing impairments and identifying risk groups among the workers. Materials and methods: It was examined two groups of workers of approximately the same age and length of employment. The Group 1 included workers from the Azov Shiprepair Yard (Mariupol city, Ukraine) who were exposed to workplace noise impact of less than 80 dBA threshold level, the workplace noise level in the Group 2 was above 80 dBA. Audiometric testing was conducted in a sound-treated room using the MA 31 clinical audiometer (Germany). Results: Our findings indicate that all the noise-exposed groups of ship repair workers should be conducted audiometric testing. The hearing levels at the audiometric test frequencies of 4, 6 and 8 kHz, as well as differential thresholds at the audiometric test frequencies of 4 kHz by the Luscher-Zwislocki method should be taken into account. Such complaints as increased annoyance, sleep disorder, tinnitus aurium, hypertension should be considered as most hazardous. Conclusions: We recommend that the ship repair workers undergo routine medical check-ups and systematic prophylactic observation. All these preventive measures will contribute to the early detection of hearing impairments, thereby timely preventing the development and progression of occupational sensorineural hearing loss.
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Martens, S., I. J. M. Dhooge, and F. K. R. Swinnen. "Longitudinal analysis of the audiological phenotype in osteogenesis imperfecta: a follow-up study." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 132, no. 8 (June 18, 2018): 703–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215118000956.
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AbstractObjectiveThis prospective study involved a longitudinal analysis of the progression of hearing thresholds in patients with osteogenesis imperfecta.MethodsAudiometric results from 36 osteogenesis imperfecta patients (age range, 6–79 years) were compared between two test times with an average interval of 4 years. Audiometric evaluation included acoustic admittance measurements, acoustic stapedial reflex measurements, pure tone audiometry and otoacoustic emissions testing.ResultsAir conduction pure tone average, corrected for sex and age, and bone conduction pure tone average increased significantly in the study population (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively). In 14.3 per cent of the evaluated ears, an alteration in type and/or severity of hearing loss was observed.ConclusionAfter an average time interval of four years, significant changes in hearing status occurred in a population of osteogenesis imperfecta patients. These findings highlight the importance of regular audiological follow up in osteogenesis imperfecta patients, including audiometry, and measurements of acoustic admittance, acoustic stapedial reflexes and otoacoustic emissions.
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Zeigelboim, Bianca Simone, Anylize Wachholz Vom Scheidt, Kairone Fernandes Kronbauer, Paulo Breno Noronha Liberalesso, Maria Renata José, Vinicius Ribas Fonseca, and Hélio Afonso Ghizoni Teive. "Pure-Tone Hearing Thresholds and Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials in Sporadic Ataxia." International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology 24, no. 01 (November 4, 2019): e86-e92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1693676.
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Abstract Introduction Spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) is part of a genetic and clinical heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative diseases characterized by progressive cerebellar ataxia. Objective To describe the results of audiological and electrophysiological hearing evaluations in patients with sporadic ataxia (SA). Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out with 11 patients submitted to the following procedures: anamnesis, otorhinolaryngological evaluation, tonal and vocal audiometry, acoustic immittance and brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) tests. Results The patients presented with a prevalence of gait imbalance, of dysarthria, and of dysphagia; in the audiometric and BAEPs, four patients presented with alterations; in the acoustic immittance test, five patients presented with alterations, predominantly bilateral. Conclusion The most evident alterations in the audiological evaluation were the prevalence of the descending audiometric configuration between the frequencies of 2 and 4 kHz and the absence of the acoustic reflex between the frequencies of 3 and 4 kHz bilaterally. In the electrophysiological evaluation, the patients presented changes with a prevalence of increased I, III and V wave latencies and the interval in the interpeak I-III, I-V and III-V. In the present study, it was observed that auditory complaints did not have a significant prevalence in this type of ataxia, which does not occur in some types of autosomal recessive and dominant ataxia.
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Lim, Danezza Mae D., and Nathaniel W. Yang. "Meningioma in the Middle Ear: An Unusual Case of Hearing Loss." Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 31, no. 2 (November 30, 2016): 58–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.32412/pjohns.v31i2.245.
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When evaluating patients presenting with progressive unilateral hearing loss without a history of trauma or infection, it is important consider the clinical correlation of physical examination findings, imaging and audiograms. It is crucial that all findings are correctly reviewed and analyzed to provide an accurate assessment and appropriate management for the patient.
Case Report
A 46-year-old woman presented with a gradually progressing left-sided hearing loss with associated continuous tinnitus for a period of 14 months. There was no history of trauma or ear infection. On prior consultation with an ENT specialist the patient was diagnosed to have otitis media with effusion and initially managed medically.
Persistence of symptoms without improvement prompted a follow-up consult where pure tone audiometry (PTA) and speech testing showed normal hearing in the right ear, and a moderate to severe mixed hearing loss in the left ear. (Figure 1) Significant bleeding was encountered on myringotomy, and the possibility of a glomus tympanicum was entertained.
A plain temporal bone CT Scan revealed a soft tissue density occupying the left middle ear space, with bony erosion in the area of the jugular foramen, which suggested the possibility of a tympanojugular paraganglioma. (Figure 2) The patient was subsequently referred to our institution for surgical management.
On physical examination, the left tympanic membrane was bulging with note of a pinkish retrotympanic mass. Lateralization to the right was noted on Weber testing using 0.5, 1 and 2kHz tuning forks. Subjectively, the patient could not hear anything on the left side. Due to the inconsistency noted between the tuning fork test finding and the initial audiometric test result, the patient was advised to undergo a second audiometric test under the supervision of a reliable audiologist. This second audiogram revealed normal hearing in the right and profound hearing loss in the left ear (Figure 3), a finding that was consistent with the patient’s subjective hearing perception and tuning fork test results.
With the finding of a sensorineural rather than a conductive type of hearing loss, additional imaging to investigate the presence of retrocochlear pathology became necessary. A Gd-enhanced MRI examination revealed the presence of a 2.6 x 4.5 cm cerebello-pontine angle mass causing pressure on the adjacent pons and left cerebellar hemisphere. The lesion appeared to arise from the posterior face of the temporal bone, with extension into the jugular foramen and middle ear (Figure 4). A dural tail sign was likewise noted, and this led to a change in diagnosis to a posterior fossa meningioma with extension into the temporal bone and middle ear.
The patient was then referred to a neurosurgeon, who expressed some doubt regarding the diagnosis and requested a biopsy. Due to the accessibility of the middle ear component, the patient underwent a transcanal middle ear exploration with biopsy. The histopathology report confirmed the impression of meningioma (meningotheliomatous subtype). The patient subsequently underwent neurosurgical management for the intracranial portion of the tumor.
DISCUSSION
Neoplasms of the cerebellopontine angle (CPA) are most common in the posterior cranial fossa, which account for 5-10% of all intracranial tumors.1 The two most common lesions, which comprise 79% of incidents recorded, are vestibular schwannomas and meningiomas. Other pathologies include epidermoid cysts, facial and lower cranial nerve schwannomas, and arachnoid cysts.2
Up to 20% of intracranial meningiomas may have extracranial extension.3-5 These areas may include the scalp, sinonasal tract, orbit, soft tissues, ear and temporal bone. Due to its low invasive properties, incidence of extension particularly to the middle ear is less than 2%.4-6
The common presenting symptoms of temporal meningioma include otalgia, hearing loss (conductive, mixed or sensorineural),5 tinnitus and facial palsy. Our patient presented with progressive unilateral hearing loss with tinnitus, without history of trauma or infection. Given that otitis media with effusion is a more commonly encountered condition, it is not surprising that she was initially managed as such. When excessive bleeding was noted during myringotomy, it is not again surprising that a glomus tumor of the tympanicum type was considered, as it is the most common middle ear tumor that would present as such.
During the initial work up, the audiogram showed normal hearing in the right, and moderate to severe mixed hearing loss in the left. On review, we noted certain irregularities in the audiogram, such as the inconsistent use of masking and the placement of notations for both the masked and unmasked results. The latter finding indicating a seeming hesitancy on the part of the audiologist to commit to a definite hearing level. Anecdotal clinical experience of the senior author with audiometric testing in the Philippines has shown that inaccurate audiometric examinations are not uncommon. As such, it is important to review audiometric test results with a critical eye, and to always corroborate it with tuning fork testing. In this case, tuning fork testing indicated a hearing loss with a very significant sensorineural component at 0.5, 1 and 2 kHz, a finding that was not consistent with the audiometric test results.
Repeat audiometry showed normal hearing in the right and profound hearing loss in the left. Although this finding was now consistent with tuning fork testing, it unfortunately raised suspicion regarding the true nature of the middle ear pathology. For patients with purely middle ear glomus tumors, the expected audiometric finding is a conductive hearing loss as obstruction from the mass deters conduction of sound through the middle ear. With the seemingly limited extent of the soft tissue lesion within the middle ear and jugular foramen, the sensorineural hearing loss remained unexplained. Hence, further investigation via MRI with gadolinium was warranted to rule out a retrocochlear pathology.
The gadolinium-enhanced MRI examination of our patient showed a CPA tumor with a dural tail sign causing mass effect on the adjacent pons and left cerebellar hemisphere. The dural tail sign occurs secondary to the enhancement of the thickened dura. It is the characteristic sign most commonly seen adjacent to a meningioma.8-9 However, the dural tail sign has been increasingly recognized in other intracranial tumors as well.9
As a confirmatory measure, a middle ear exploratory tympanostomy and biopsy was performed. This approach provided direct access to sample the tumor without resorting to an open approach. The final histopathology report confirmed that the CPA tumor was a meningioma extending into the middle ear space.
It may be said that the diagnosis of this case was delayed from initial presentation due to the rarity of the condition. However, it may be argued that a careful analysis of the audiometric examination in relation to the findings on tuning fork testing, a simple office procedure that is often neglected, would have revealed inconsistencies that could lead to a more detailed diagnostic pathway that may have eventually led to the correct diagnosis. As such, it cannot be overemphasized that audiometric testing is not a fail-safe method of determining hearing levels, as it is dependent on the level of skill and training of the audiologist or audiometrician performing the test. Tuning fork testing, although not allowing the determination of actual hearing levels, does allow one to determine whether hearing loss is conductive, sensorineural or of a mixed type. If the type of hearing loss determined on tuning fork testing does not correlate with that found on standard pure tone audiometry, then the accuracy of the audiometric test must be placed under close scrutiny. An audiogram should be repeated if there is incongruence with simple clinical testing.
A cranial MRI should always be done when a patient presents with a unilateral sensorineural hearing loss to rule out any retrocochlear pathology. With the aid of appropriate ancillary procedures, along with thoughtful clinical correlation, a directed approach to diagnosing an unusual cause of hearing loss may be achieved.
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Brown, E. C. M., C. Caimino, C. L. Benton, and D. M. Baguley. "An audit of UK audiological practice in specialist paediatric oncology centres regarding hearing assessment of children at risk of ototoxicity due to chemotherapy." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 135, no. 1 (January 2021): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215121000025.
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AbstractObjectivePlatinum-based chemotherapy drugs are associated with substantial ototoxicity. The hearing of children treated with these drugs should be closely monitored.MethodA questionnaire was sent out to the 19 audiology departments associated with national paediatric cancer specialist centres in the UK looking at current practice in ototoxicity monitoring.ResultsResponses were received from 17 of 19 centres (89 per cent). All offered some form of audiometric monitoring service. Extended high-frequency testing (9–20 kHz) was only utilised by 7 services (29 per cent). A majority of respondents were reluctant to consider self-test devices in paediatric ototoxicity monitoring (n = 9; 53 per cent). Provision of long-term audiological follow up is sporadic with only 4 (23 per cent) respondents keeping all children with normal hearing under review once treatment is completed.ConclusionWhile some good practice in paediatric ototoxicity was identified, opportunities exist to improve clinical practice and protocols, promote multidisciplinary team working and to utilise technologies such as extended high frequency and self-test audiometry.
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Matthews, Lois J., Fu-Shing Lee, John H. Mills, and Judy R. Dubno. "Extended High-Frequency Thresholds in Older Adults." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 40, no. 1 (February 1997): 208–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jslhr.4001.208.
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Most measures of auditory sensitivity at extended high frequencies (frequencies greater than 8 kHz) have been obtained from listeners with normal hearing less than 40 years of age. The purpose of this study was (a) to measure thresholds at frequencies above 8 kHz in older listeners who, as a group, have elevated thresholds at lower frequencies, and (b) to assess test-retest reliability, age and gender effects, and the influence of thresholds below 8 kHz. Extended high-frequency (EHF) thresholds were measured for 162 older listeners (60–79 years) using a commercially available high-frequency audiometer, with a frequency range of 8 to 18 kHz and an intensity range of 0 to 110 dB SPL. Thresholds were measured once at the beginning of a 1- to 2-hour test session and then remeasured at the end of the test session. EHF thresholds of older listeners with normal hearing at conventional audiometric frequencies were substantially higher than the thresholds reported for younger listeners with normal hearing by Dreschler and van der Hulst (1987). EHF thresholds of older listeners with hearing loss at conventional audiometric frequencies were further elevated as compared to older listeners with normal hearing. Differences in EHF thresholds between females and males were either not present or were reduced when gender differences in conventional audiometric thresholds were taken into account. No significant differences were seen in thresholds at 8 kHz and higher between the 60- to 69- and 70- to 79-year-old age groups. Results also indicated that thresholds above 8 kHz can be measured in older listeners within a clinically acceptable ±10 dB test-retest range.
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John, Andrew, Jace Wolfe, Susan Scollie, Erin Schafer, Mary Hudson, Whitney Woods, Julie Wheeler, Krystal Hudgens, and Sara Neumann. "Evaluation of Wideband Frequency Responses and Nonlinear Frequency Compression for Children with Cookie-Bite Audiometric Configurations." Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 25, no. 10 (November 2014): 1022–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3766/jaaa.25.10.10.
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Background: Previous research has suggested that use of nonlinear frequency compression (NLFC) can improve audibility for high-frequency sounds and speech recognition of children with moderate to profound high-frequency hearing loss. Furthermore, previous studies have generally found no detriment associated with the use of NLFC. However, there have been no published studies examining the effect of NLFC on the performance of children with cookie-bite audiometric configurations. For this configuration of hearing loss, frequency-lowering processing will likely move high-frequency sounds to a lower frequency range at which a greater degree of hearing loss exists. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the effects of wideband amplification and NLFC on high-frequency audibility and speech recognition of children with cookie-bite audiometric configurations. Research Design: This study consisted of a within-participant design with repeated measures across test conditions. Study Sample: Seven children, ages 6–13 yr, with cookie-bite audiometric configurations and normal hearing or mild hearing loss at 6000 and 8000 Hz, were recruited. Intervention: Participants were fitted with Phonak Nios S H2O III behind-the-ear hearing aids and Oticon Safari 300 behind-the-ear hearing aids. Data Collection: The participants were evaluated after three 4-to 6-wk intervals: (1) Phonak Nios S H2O III without NLFC, (2) Phonak Nios S H2O III with NLFC, and (3) Oticon Safari 300 with wideband frequency response extending to 8000 Hz. The order in which each technology was used was counterbalanced across participants. High-frequency audibility was evaluated by assessing aided thresholds (dB SPL) for warble tones and the high-frequency phonemes /sh/ and /s/. Speech recognition in quiet was measured with the University of Western Ontario (UWO) Plurals Test, the UWO Distinctive Features Difference (DFD) Test, and the Phoneme Perception Test vowel-consonant-vowel nonsense syllable test. Sentence recognition in noise was evaluated with the Bamford-Kowal-Bench Speech-In-Noise (BKB-SIN) Test. Analysis: Repeated-measures analyses of variance were used to analyze the data collected in this study. The results across the three different conditions were compared. Results: No difference in performance across conditions was observed for detection of high-frequency warble tones and the speech sounds /sh/ and /s/. No significant difference was seen across conditions for speech recognition in quiet when measured with the UWO Plurals Test, the UWO-DFD Test, and the Phoneme Perception Test vowel-consonant-vowel nonsense syllable test. Finally, there were also no differences across conditions on the BKB-SIN Test. Conclusions: These results suggest that NLFC does not degrade or improve audibility for and recognition of high-frequency speech sounds as well as sentence recognition in noise when compared with wideband amplification for children with cookie-bite audiometric configurations.
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Khadatkar, Abhijit, and CR Mehta. "Effect of age and duration of driving on hearing status of Indian agricultural tractor drivers." Journal of Low Frequency Noise, Vibration and Active Control 37, no. 4 (August 29, 2018): 1037–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461348418795814.
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Tractor noise is critical occupational hazard which is the major cause of hearing impairment among Indian agricultural farm workers. The study aimed to show the effect of age and driving exposure on hearing impairment of drivers. Ninety healthy male subjects of similar age, height, and weight were selected and divided into four groups, i.e. 21–30, 31–40, 41–50, and 51–60 years. The audiometric testing was conducted of both the ears at 10 different frequencies, i.e. 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8 kHz. The hearing threshold levels of office workers at audiometric test frequencies did not exceed 25 dB(A) to cause hearing handicap. However, it exceeded 25 dB(A) for tractor drivers and was higher for higher age group tractor drivers. Whereas, it did not exceeded 25 dB(A) at the audiometric test frequencies for the office workers except at 51–60 years of age group. Also, with the increase in age group and increase of driving experience, the mean hearing threshold levels of tractor drivers increase. It was concluded that the occupational hazards of tractor driving significantly increased the hearing threshold levels and the risk is even higher for the tractor drivers with ≥15 years of driving experience. Also, the mean hearing threshold levels for tractor drivers increase with increase in driving experience.
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Uslar, Verena, Esther Ruigendijk, Cornelia Hamann, Thomas Brand, and Birger Kollmeier. "How does linguistic complexity influence intelligibility in a German audiometric sentence intelligibility test?" International Journal of Audiology 50, no. 9 (June 30, 2011): 621–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14992027.2011.582166.
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Richter, Utz, and Thomas Fedtke. "Reference Zero for the Calibration of Audiometric Equipment using ‘Clicks’ as Test Signals." International Journal of Audiology 44, no. 8 (January 2005): 478–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14992020500060230.
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Laukli, E., and P. W. Hansen. "An Audiometric Test Battery for the Evaluation of Occupational Exposure to Industrial Solvents." Acta Oto-Laryngologica 115, no. 2 (January 1995): 162–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00016489509139282.
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Ristovska, Lidija, Zora Jachova, and Nikica Atanasova. "Frequency of the Audiometric Notch Following Excessive Noise Exposure." Archives of Acoustics 40, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 213–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aoa-2015-0024.
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Abstract The aim of the study was to determine the configuration of pathologic audiograms in patients with excessive noise exposure, and to calculate the frequency of notches in the audiogram in patients with and without excessive noise exposure by avoiding the effect of age-related hearing loss. We have analyzed 514 audiograms of 257 patients aged between 20 to 50 years: 240 patients (mean age of 38.7 years) with excessive noise exposure and 17 patients (mean age of 41.2 years) with notches in the audiogram, but without a history of excessive noise exposure. For statistical data analysis we have used the Chi-square test and Fisher exact test with the level of significance p < 0.05. Pathologic audiograms were classified into five different types: Slope at 4000 Hz (0.8%), Slope at 2000 Hz (15.1%), Notch at 4000 Hz (67.4%), Notch at 2000 Hz (0.8%), Flat (8.9%), and 7% were out of this classification. A total of 190 (79.2%) patients with excessive noise exposure had a notch in the audiogram. Left ear notches were the most common. Among the patients with notched audiograms, 91.8% had a history of excessive noise exposure, either occupational or nonoccupational, and 8.2% did not report any excessive noise exposure.
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Vijayasingam, Anitha, Emily Frost, Julie Wilkins, Lise Gillen, Presanna Premachandra, Kate Mclaren, Desmond Gilmartin, et al. "Tablet and web-based audiometry to screen for hearing loss in adults with cystic fibrosis." Thorax 75, no. 8 (May 14, 2020): 632–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2019-214177.
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IntroductionIndividuals with chronic lung disease (eg, cystic fibrosis (CF)) often receive antimicrobial therapy including aminoglycosides resulting in ototoxicity. Extended high-frequency audiometry has increased sensitivity for ototoxicity detection, but diagnostic audiometry in a sound-booth is costly, time-consuming and requires a trained audiologist. This cross-sectional study analysed tablet-based audiometry (Shoebox MD) performed by non-audiologists in an outpatient setting, alongside home web-based audiometry (3D Tune-In) to screen for hearing loss in adults with CF.MethodsHearing was analysed in 126 CF adults using validated questionnaires, a web self-hearing test (0.5 to 4 kHz), tablet (0.25 to 12 kHz) and sound-booth audiometry (0.25 to 12 kHz). A threshold of ≥25 dB hearing loss at ≥1 audiometric frequency was considered abnormal. Demographics and mitochondrial DNA sequencing were used to analyse risk factors, and accuracy and usability of hearing tests determined.ResultsPrevalence of hearing loss within any frequency band tested was 48%. Multivariate analysis showed age (OR 1.127; (95% CI: 1.07 to 1.18; p value<0.0001) per year older) and total intravenous antibiotic days over 10 years (OR 1.006; (95% CI: 1.002 to 1.010; p value=0.004) per further intravenous day) were significantly associated with increased risk of hearing loss. Tablet audiometry had good usability, was 93% sensitive, 88% specific with 94% negative predictive value to screen for hearing loss compared with web self-test audiometry and questionnaires which had poor sensitivity (17% and 13%, respectively). Intraclass correlation (ICC) of tablet versus sound-booth audiometry showed high correlation (ICC >0.9) at all frequencies ≥4 kHz.ConclusionsAdults with CF have a high prevalence of drug-related hearing loss and tablet-based audiometry can be a practical, accurate screening tool within integrated ototoxicity monitoring programmes for early detection.
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Shi, Lu-Feng. "Speech Audiometry and Spanish–English Bilinguals: Challenges in Clinical Practice." American Journal of Audiology 23, no. 3 (September 2014): 243–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2014_aja-14-0022.
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Purpose The Spanish–English bilingual population has been on a steady rise in the United States and is projected to continue to grow. Speech audiometry, a key component of hearing care, must be customized for this linguistically unique and diverse population. Method The tutorial summarizes recent findings concerning Spanish–English bilinguals' performance on English and Spanish speech audiometric tests in the context of the psychometric properties of the tests and the language and dialect profile of the individual (language status, history, stability, competency, and use). The tutorial also provides arguments for evaluating bilingual clients in Spanish, in English, or in both languages, which may serve as rationales in support of varied bilingual clinical practices. Last, the tutorial provides information regarding Spanish speech audiometry, including available tests, issues that clinicians may encounter when administering them, and dialectal consideration. Conclusions It is a challenge as well as an opportunity for clinicians to expand service to the Spanish–English bilingual community. Understanding the characteristics of the individual and the test is essential for ensuring quality services to the bilingual client.