Journal articles: 'Audiometry - pure tone'

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Calandruccio, Lauren, and Daniel Weidman. "Online Simulation Education for Audiometry Training." American Journal of Audiology 31, no. 1 (March 3, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2021_aja-21-00121.

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Purpose: The purpose of this clinical focus article was to describe a new online simulation program for pure-tone audiometry. Method: Fictional but realistic patient profiles and testing environments were created to teach students about hearing screening protocols and pure-tone audiology. The diversity of the demographics of the United States is represented throughout the program. The web app was created using HTML/JS/CSS with a Flask server backend and MySQL database. Results: The program allows students to learn the process of conducting a hearing screening and measuring audiometric thresholds using a web-based virtual clinical audiometer. The virtual audiometer includes standard audiometer features and allows for instruction based on standard guidelines. The diversity of the patients within the simulation program allows for discussions of diversity to be woven throughout the curriculum. Conclusions: The new simulation program is designed for use as a clinical training tool enabling undergraduate and graduate students to actively participate in hearing screening testing and pure-tone audiometry using any web browser. The program is also designed with the intent to improve pedagogical outcomes at the undergraduate and graduate level for communication sciences and disorders education for pure-tone audiometry by providing instructors with content that focuses on the diversity that is represented in the demographics of the United States.

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Chon, Kyoag-Myong. "Pure Tone Audiometry." Journal of Clinical Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery 7, no. 2 (November 1996): 219–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.35420/jcohns.1996.7.2.219.

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Javellana, Anne Elizabeth M., and Ray U. Casile. "The Correlation of Results between Pure Tone Audiometry and the Virtual Audiometer: A Simulated Air-Conduction Clinic-based Audiometer." Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 23, no. 1 (June 30, 2008): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.32412/pjohns.v23i1.761.

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The virtual audiometer (VA) is a software application that simulates a pure tone audiometer by delivering tones of different frequencies and intensities by air conduction. Objective: To determine correlation between hearing thresholds measured by virtual and pure tone audiometry and degree of agreement in their hearing loss classification. Methods: Analytic, cross-sectional study set in a Philippine tertiary institution. Subjects were recruited from the outpatient department in September 2005 and comprised of cooperative, clinically normal and abnormal hearing individuals. Thirty-two subjects made 64 total ears tested (n=64), giving 0.90 correlation at 0.05 level of significance (a) (p = 0.05) and 99% power. Each subject underwent pure tone and virtual audiometry, the average thresholds calculated, and degree of hearing loss categorized according to classification by the World Health Organization (WHO). Results were not revealed until both examinations were completed. Data were stratified by frequency and compared by Pearson’s correlation, while Kappa statistics determined degree of agreement between WHO grades of hearing impairment. Results: Average age was 40.2 years, with 20-80 year range and 18.5 years standard deviation. Nine subjects were male while 23 were female (M:F ratio = 0.39). Of 64 ears, 34 were clinically normal and 30 abnormal. Pearson’s correlation demonstrated significant positive correlation between virtual and pure tone thresholds with 99% confidence at 0.05 level of significance. Kappa statistics also showed significant degrees of agreement in WHO grades by both instruments, meaning VA will probably categorize hearing loss in the same manner as pure tone audiometry. Conclusion: A strong positive correlation exists between hearing thresholds measured by virtual and pure tone audiometry with a significant degree of agreement in hearing loss classification. This supports the possibility of using the virtual audiometer as a clinic-based, air-conduction audiometer for screening and monitoring. When used in conjunction with other examinations, valuable information on over-all integrity of the audiologic system may be ascertained. Key words: audiometer, audiometry, air-conduction, hearing test, hearing screening, hearing monitoring

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Guo, Zhenyu, Guangzheng Yu, Huali Zhou, Xianren Wang, Yigang Lu, and Qinglin Meng. "Utilizing True Wireless Stereo Earbuds in Automated Pure-Tone Audiometry." Trends in Hearing 25 (January 2021): 233121652110573. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23312165211057367.

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True wireless stereo (TWS) earbuds have become popular and widespread in recent years, and numerous automated pure-tone audiometer applications have been developed for portable devices. However, most of these applications require specifically designed earphones to which the public may not have access. Therefore, the present study investigates the accuracy of automated pure-tone audiometry based on TWS earbuds (Honor FlyPods). The procedure for developing an automated pure-tone audiometer is reported. Calibration of the TWS earbuds was accomplished by electroacoustic measurements and establishing corrected reference equivalent threshold sound pressure levels. The developed audiometer was then compared with a clinical audiometer using 20 hearing-impaired participants. The average signed and absolute deviations between hearing thresholds measured using the two audiometers were 3.1 dB and 6.7 dB, respectively. The overall accuracy rate in determining the presence/absence of hearing loss was 81%. The results show that the proposed procedure for an automated air-conduction audiometer based on TWS earbuds is feasible, and the system gives accurate hearing level estimation using the reported calibration framework.

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Wooles, N., M. Mulheran, P. Bray, M. Brewster, and A. R. Banerjee. "Comparison of distortion product otoacoustic emissions and pure tone audiometry in occupational screening for auditory deficit due to noise exposure." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 129, no. 12 (November 9, 2015): 1174–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215115002790.

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AbstractObjective:To examine whether distortion product otoacoustic emissions can serve as a replacement for pure tone audiometry in longitudinal screening for occupational noise exposure related auditory deficit.Methods:A retrospective review was conducted of pure tone audiometry and distortion product otoacoustic emission data obtained sequentially during mandatory screening of brickyard workers (n = 16). Individual pure tone audiometry thresholds were compared with distortion product otoacoustic emission amplitudes, and a correlation of these measurements was conducted.Results:Pure tone audiometry threshold elevation was identified in 13 out of 16 workers. When distortion product otoacoustic emission amplitudes were compared with pure tone audiometry thresholds at matched frequencies, no evidence of a robust relationship was apparent. Seven out of 16 workers had substantial distortion product otoacoustic emissions with elevated pure tone audiometry thresholds.Conclusion:No clinically relevant predictive relationship between distortion product otoacoustic emission amplitude and pure tone audiometry threshold was apparent. These results do not support the replacement of pure tone audiometry with distortion product otoacoustic emissions in screening. Distortion product otoacoustic emissions at frequencies associated with elevated pure tone audiometry thresholds are evidence of intact outer hair cell function, suggesting that sites distinct from these contribute to auditory deficit following ototrauma.

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Swanepoel, De Wet, Dirk Koekemoer, and Jackie Clark. "Intercontinental hearing assessment – a study in tele-audiology." Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare 16, no. 5 (May 10, 2010): 248–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/jtt.2010.090906.

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We evaluated the validity of remote pure tone audiometric testing conducted from North America on subjects in South Africa. Desktop-sharing computer software was used to control an audiometer in Pretoria from Dallas, and PC-based videoconferencing was employed for clinician and subject communication. Thirty adult subjects were assessed, and the pure tone audiometric thresholds (125–8000 Hz) obtained through conventional face-to-face and remote testing were compared. Face-to-face and remote audiometry thresholds differed by 10 dB in only 4% of cases overall. The limits of agreement between the two techniques were −8 and 7 dB with a 90% confidence interval of −5 to 5 dB. The average reaction times to stimulus presentations were similar, within −108 and 121 ms. The average test duration was 21% longer for remote testing (10.4 vs. 8.2 min). There were no clinically significant differences between the results obtained by remote intercontinental audiometric testing and conventional face-to-face audiometry. It may therefore be possible to expand the reach of audiological services into remote underserved regions of the world.

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Georgescu, Mădălina, Magdalena Cernea, and Alexandru Pascu. "Masking in pure tone audiometry." ORL.ro 4, no. 45 (2019): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.26416/orl.45.4.2019.2728.

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Roup, Christina. "Pure-Tone Audiometry and Masking." International Journal of Audiology 50, no. 2 (January 25, 2011): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14992027.2010.509741.

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Kemaloğlu, Yusuf Kemal, Bülent Gündüz, Selda Gökmen, and Metin Yilmaz. "Pure tone audiometry in children." International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology 69, no. 2 (February 2005): 209–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2004.08.018.

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Wegner, Inge, Arnold J. N. Bittermann, Mayke A. Hentschel, Geert J. M. van der Heijden, and Wilko Grolman. "Pure-tone Audiometry in Otosclerosis." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 149, no. 4 (July 2013): 528–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0194599813495661.

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Sano, Hajime. "Reality of pure-tone audiometry." AUDIOLOGY JAPAN 67, no. 2 (April 28, 2024): 121–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4295/audiology.67.121.

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Eddins, David A., Joseph P. Walton, Adam E. Dziorny, and Robert D. Frisina. "Comparison of pure tone thresholds obtained via automated audiometry and standard pure tone audiometry." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 131, no. 4 (April 2012): 3518. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4709312.

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Yockel, Norma J. "A Comparison of Audiometry and Audiometry With Tympanometry to Determine Middle Ear Status in School-Age Children." Journal of School Nursing 18, no. 5 (October 2002): 287–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10598405020180050801.

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Otitis media with effusion is the most common cause of fluctuating hearing loss in children. Pure-tone audiometry is the current mandated standard to determine hearing loss in public-school children in most states. Students who fail pure tone audiometry are at risk for otitis media with effusion because it is asymptomatic. Tympanometry, which assesses middle ear status, is used to detect hidden otitis media with effusion. This longitudinal study evaluated pure tone audiometry and tympanometry in preschool and elementary children ( n = 141). Results found 12 children (23 ears) who failed either a second threshold or tympanometry. The study also showed that a greater number of ears were identified with otitis media with effusion ( n = 19) by using pure tone audiometry and tympanometry than by using pure tone audiometry alone ( n = 4).

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Liu, Qiang, HuiFang Wang, and JiHuan Xing. "Efficacy of Mesotympanum Injection and Posterior Auricular Injection in Sudden Hearing Loss of Diabetes Patients." BioMed Research International 2022 (July 19, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8494868.

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The efficacy of tympanum injection and posterior auricular injection in diabetes with sudden hearing loss (SHL) was analyzed. A mobile terminal-based portable pure tone audiometry system and its processing method were established. Based on mobile terminals, a portable pure tone audiometry system including an Android system, pure sound signal generation, pure tone hearing threshold, and client module was established. A masking model and self-adaptive algorithm were used to detect and reduce noise. Besides, the performance of the portable pure tone audiometry system was detected. A total of 46 diabetes patients with SHL diagnosed at the otolaryngology department in BeiChen Hospital between August 2019 and November 2021 were selected as the research objects and randomly divided into the retroauricular group (posterior auricular injection) and the tympanic group (tympanum injection). Each group included 23 cases. All patients received pure tone audiometry (PTA) before and after the treatment. The changes in fasting blood glucose (FPG), 2h postprandial blood glucose (2hPG), and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) of the patients were monitored before and after the treatment. Besides, tinnitus loudness visual analog scale (VAS), pain VAS, efficacy, and the incidence of adverse reactions of the patients in two groups were compared. The results indicated that the hear threshold error detected by the medical audiometer and a portable pure tone audiometry system was within 2dB. Before the optimization, there was an error of about 10dB between the hear thresholds detected by the self-adaptive algorithm and a medical audiometer. After the treatment, the hear threshold and average PTA of the patients in the retroauricular and the tympanic groups under different frequencies were both reduced compared with those before the treatment ( P < 0.05 ). The tinnitus VAS score in the retroauricular group was decreased more notably than that in tympanic group ( P < 0.01 ), and the pain VAS score was much lower than that in the tympanic group ( P < 0.001 ). The comparison of FPG, 2hPG, HbA1c, the proportions of cured, significantly effective, effective, ineffective patients, and the total effective rate in the patients in the retroauricular and the tympanic groups before and after the treatment all showed no statistical differences ( P > 0.05 ). The incidence of adverse reactions in tympanic group after the treatment was dramatically higher than that in retroauricular group ( P < 0.001 ). The above results demonstrated that posterior auricular injection showed potential application values in the treatment of SHL with diabetes and established a portable pure tone audiometry system as well as its noise processing method.

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Cho, Wan-Ho, and Sung-Soo Jung. "Consideration on the uncertainty of audiometer calibration and pure tone audiometry." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 268, no. 3 (November 30, 2023): 5980–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in_2023_0870.

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Pure Tone Audiometry (PTA) is the fundamental method for determining a subject's hearing threshold. The process is described in detail in ISO 8253-1, which also includes information about the measurement uncertainty of PTA in Annex A. Because the major value is based on the allowable tolerance of each equipment and the assumed value with sufficient margin. In this study, the factors contribute to the uncertainty of audiometer calibration and PTA are investigated in the quantitative manner. There are two main groups of uncertainty components: the audiometer and the subject. Components related to the audiometer include uncertainties in the stimuli of audiometer and it can be evaluated by the calibration of audiometer. The calibration process is thoroughly examined and the uncertainties in airborne audiometry are evaluated. The effect of components related to the subject include the effects of head size on tension, ear shape on cavity volume, and headphone placement are observed by using an ear simulator and a dummy head.

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Aslan, S., G. Serarslan, N. Savas, E. Teksoz, and S. Dagli. "Hearing loss in patients with Behçet's disease: an audiological and transient evoked otoacoustic emission study." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 124, no. 1 (September 29, 2009): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215109991083.

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AbstractObjective:To investigate hearing loss in patients with Behçet's disease.Materials and methods:Twenty-four consecutive cases of Behçet's disease and 24 sex- and age-matched controls were included in this study. Pure tone and high frequency audiometric tests were performed and pure tone average hearing thresholds calculated for both groups. Transient evoked otoacoustic emission testing was also performed.Results:Pure tone audiometry showed a sensorineural hearing loss in 15 of the Behçet's disease ears. Hearing thresholds were significantly higher in the study group than in the control group, on both pure tone frequency (except 0.5 kHz) and high frequency audiometry. Significant reductions in transient evoked otoacoustic emission amplitude were found at 1.4 and 2 kHz in the Behçet's disease patients. There were no significant differences in reproducibility, stimulus intensity or stability, comparing the Behçet's disease patients and controls.Conclusion:Significantly lower mid-frequency amplitudes were found in Behçet's patients on transient evoked otoacoustic emission testing.

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Saleem, Y., S. Ramachandran, L. Ramamurthy, and N. J. Kay. "Role of otoacoustic emission in children with middle-ear effusion and grommets." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 121, no. 10 (April 10, 2007): 943–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215107007347.

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Objective: To evaluate the role of otoacoustic emission in children with middle-ear effusion and grommets.Materials and methods: A prospective study was carried out on a total of 90 ears. All children listed for grommet insertion had a pre-operative and post-operative (three to six months after grommet insertion) pure tone audiometry, tympanometry and otoacoustic emission recorded. A comparison was made between pure tone audiometry and otoacoustic emission both pre-operatively and post-operatively.Results: Pre-operatively, 63 ears had an abnormal pure tone audiometry of which 59 had absent otoacoustic emission. Therefore the sensitivity of otoacoustic emission in detecting a conductive loss was 59/63 = 94 per cent (95 per cent confidence interval 85 to 98 per cent). All 27 ears with normal hearing pre-operatively had normal otoacoustic emission. The specificity of otoacoustic emission was 27/27 = 100 per cent, (95 per cent confidence interval, 88 to 100 per cent). The positive predictive value was 59/59 = 100 per cent (95 per cent confidence interval, 94 to 100 per cent). After three to six months all post-operative patients with grommets had a normal pure tone audiometry and otoacoustic emission. So both pure tone audiometry and otoacoustic emission were strongly related both in patients with middle-ear effusion and in patients with grommets.Conclusion: As the demonstration of hearing in young and difficult-to-test children can be problematic and time-consuming, we suggest that otoacoustic emission can be used as an alternative to pure tone audiometry in patients with middle-ear effusion and grommets.

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Surakanti, Jayaprada Reddy, Vikram Reddy Guntakandla, Preethi Raga, Vishwaja Uppalapati, Sai Praveena Kunaparaju, Harikumar Vemisetty, and Suryakanth Malgikar. "Dentist’s Hub Bub - A Cross-Sectional Study on Impact of Long-Term Occupational Noise Exposure on Hearing Potential among Dental Practitioners." Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences 10, no. 43 (October 25, 2021): 3676–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2021/745.

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BACKGROUND Dentists are liable to loss of hearing during dental treatment due to noise exposure. A study was carried out to determine whether or not dental professionals from the Department of Periodontics, Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics and Prosthodontics ought to cause hearing decrement with the aid of using continual excessive frequency sounds created by dental equipments. METHODS This study involved 38 dentists from the specialities of Periodontics, Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, and Prosthodontics who were subjected to noise during operating for 6 hours per day and 38 medical professionals who were matched served as a control group. Three audiometric examinations included an otoscopic exam; tympanometry and pure tone audiometry were performed by the participants. RESULTS According to the data, 15.8 % of dentists and 2.6 % of the control group suffered from loss of hearing. In the pure tone audiometry test, there was no substantial difference between the two groups; however, the qualitative analysis showed that the dentists' group had a greater percentage of hearing loss than their control counterparts. In the pure tone audiometry test, there was a statistically significant difference between the specialists from periodontics, conservative dentistry and endodontics, and prosthodontics (P = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS Noise from dental clinics has been shown to cause hearing problems, with the left ear being affected when compared to that of the right; again, these problems aren't serious. Dentists were common among noise-induced hearing impairment and periodontic specialists than conservative dentistry and endodontics, and prosthodontic specialists than the control group. KEY WORDS Dental Professionals, Long Term Exposure, Noise-Induced Hearing Loss, Pure Tone Audiometry.

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Giotakis, Aris I., Lambros Mariolis, Ioannis Koulentis, Christos Mpoutris, Evangelos I. Giotakis, Aikaterini Apostolopoulou, and Efstathios Papaefstathiou. "The Benefit of Air Conduction Pure-Tone Audiometry as a Screening Method for Hearing Loss over the VAS Score." Diagnostics 14, no. 1 (December 28, 2023): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14010079.

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Hearing loss is commonly encountered by general practitioners. We aimed to evaluate the screening benefit of air conduction pure-tone audiometry over visual analogue scale (VAS) scores for hearing loss. Moreover, we intended to perform the first cross-sectional study in Greece to assess hearing loss with pure-tone audiometry in young adults of the general population. We evaluated Greeks between 15 and 40 years old in a high school in Karditsa, Greece, and a primary health care unit in a nearby community. Subjects filled out a VAS score sheet and underwent pure-tone audiometry in a room without sound isolation, with air conduction only. We named the latter procedure modified pure-tone audiometry (mPTA). Subjects with pathologic results were examined via otoscopy and standardized pure-tone audiometry (sPTA). Of the 286 subjects evaluated, the VAS score revealed 5 subjects (1.7%) with hearing loss. mPTA (100 s duration) doubled this percentage (in total 3.8%; Pearson Chi-Square test; p < 0.001). Based on sPTA, the sensitivity and positive predictive value of the VAS score were 40% and 13%, respectively. For mPTA, they were 100% and 37%, respectively. mPTA filtered out pathologic cases in a proper, rapid, cheap and simple way and may be considered a proper screening method for hearing loss in primary health care.

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Van Dijk, Catherine, and Naeema Osman. "Continuous Versus Pulsed Pure-Tone Audiometry in a Group of School-Aged Children." South African Journal of Communication Disorders 55, no. 1 (December 31, 2008): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajcd.v55i1.767.

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Pure-tone testing is the primary audiological test procedure for the differential diagnosis of hearing loss and hearing disorders in school-aged children. No research is currently available internationally for children's responses to continuous versus pulsed pure-tones. The aim of this exploratory investigation was to compare the performance of a group of school-aged children on continuous versus pulsed pure-tone audiometry. The aims were to determine whether a threshold difference existed between continuous versus pulsed pure-tones and to record whether a listener preference existed between continuous versus pulsed tones for the frequency range of 125 to 8 000 Hz. Eighteen children (36 ears) aged between 8-12 years, participated in a hearing evaluation as well as in a brief three-question interview. Descriptive statistics viz. average threshold, mean difference and standard deviation of thresholds were used to analyse data. Listeners' perceived preferences were calculated in percentages and reasons for preferring one signal over another was analysed qualitatively. Although the automatically pulsed tone threshold (averaged a cross the frequencies tested) was lower than for the continuous tone, the difference was only 0.2 dB in the left ear and 0.5 dB in the right ear. This small difference is not important in clinical applications for which 5dB in crements are used in pure-tone audiometry. Where a listener preference was indicated, however, the continuous tones w ere preferred over pulsed tones by 56% percent of subjects. These findings differ from similar studies involving adults. This revealed that children may yield different preferences during pure-tone testing than adults and that these preferences should be taken into consideration during testing.

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Louw, Christine, De Wet Swanepoel, and Robert H. Eikelboom. "Self-Reported Hearing Loss and Pure Tone Audiometry for Screening in Primary Health Care Clinics." Journal of Primary Care & Community Health 9 (January 2018): 215013271880315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2150132718803156.

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Objective: To evaluate the performance of self-reported hearing loss alone and in combination with pure tone audiometry screening in primary health care clinics in South Africa. Design: Nonprobability purposive sampling was used at 2 primary health care clinics. A total of 1084 participants (mean age 41.2 years; SD 15.5 years; range 16-97 years, 74.0% female) were screened using self-report and audiometry screening. Those failing audiometric screening and a sample of those who passed audiometric screening were also assessed by diagnostic pure time audiometry, to confirm or negate the finding of a hearing loss. Results: Four hundred and thirty-six participants (40.2%) self-reported a hearing loss with no significant association with gender or race. One hundred and thirty-six participant (12.5%) self-reported hearing loss and failed audiometry screening (35 dB HL at 1, 2, and 4 kHz). Combining self-report with a second stage audiometry screening revealed a high test accuracy (81.0%) for hearing loss, being most accurate (86.1%) to identify high-frequency hearing loss. Conclusion: While self-report of hearing loss is an easy and time-efficient screening method to use at primary health care clinics, its accuracy may be limited when used in isolation and it may not be sufficiently sensitive to detect hearing loss. Combining a simple audiometry screening as a second-stage screen can significantly improve overall performance and efficiency of the screening protocol.

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Martens, S., I. J. M. Dhooge, and F. K. R. Swinnen. "Longitudinal analysis of the audiological phenotype in osteogenesis imperfecta: a follow-up study." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 132, no. 8 (June 18, 2018): 703–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215118000956.

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AbstractObjectiveThis prospective study involved a longitudinal analysis of the progression of hearing thresholds in patients with osteogenesis imperfecta.MethodsAudiometric results from 36 osteogenesis imperfecta patients (age range, 6–79 years) were compared between two test times with an average interval of 4 years. Audiometric evaluation included acoustic admittance measurements, acoustic stapedial reflex measurements, pure tone audiometry and otoacoustic emissions testing.ResultsAir conduction pure tone average, corrected for sex and age, and bone conduction pure tone average increased significantly in the study population (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively). In 14.3 per cent of the evaluated ears, an alteration in type and/or severity of hearing loss was observed.ConclusionAfter an average time interval of four years, significant changes in hearing status occurred in a population of osteogenesis imperfecta patients. These findings highlight the importance of regular audiological follow up in osteogenesis imperfecta patients, including audiometry, and measurements of acoustic admittance, acoustic stapedial reflexes and otoacoustic emissions.

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Lieberth, Ann K., and Douglas R. Martin. "The Instructional Effectiveness of a Web-Based Audiometry Simulator." Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 16, no. 02 (February 2005): 079–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3766/jaaa.16.2.3.

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With distance learning becoming more of a reality than a novelty in many undergraduate and graduate training programs, web-based clinical simulations can be identified as an instructional option in distance education that has both a sound pedagogical foundation and clinical relevance. The purpose of this article is to report on the instructional effectiveness of a web-based pure-tone audiometry simulator by undergraduate and graduate students in speech-language pathology. Graduate and undergraduate majors in communication sciences and disorders practiced giving basic hearing tests on either a virtual web-based audiometer or a portable audiometer. Competencies in basic testing skills were evaluated for each group. Results of our analyses of the data indicate that both undergraduate and graduate students learned basic audiometric testing skills using the virtual audiometer. These skills were generalized to basic audiometric testing skills required of a speech language pathologist using a portable audiometer.

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Parker, Thomas, David M. Cash, Chris Lane, Kirsty Lu, Ian B. Malone, Jennifer M. Nicholas, Sarah James, et al. "Pure tone audiometry and cerebral pathology in healthy older adults." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 91, no. 2 (November 7, 2019): 172–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2019-321897.

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BackgroundHearing impairment may be a modifiable risk factor for dementia. However, it is unclear how hearing associates with pathologies relevant to dementia in preclinical populations.MethodsData from 368 cognitively healthy individuals born during 1 week in 1946 (age range 69.2–71.9 years), who underwent structural MRI, 18F-florbetapir positron emission tomography, pure tone audiometry and cognitive testing as part of a neuroscience substudy the MRC National Survey of Health and Development were analysed. The aim of the analysis was to investigate whether pure tone audiometry performance predicted a range of cognitive and imaging outcomes relevant to dementia in older adults.ResultsThere was some evidence that poorer pure tone audiometry performance was associated with lower primary auditory cortex thickness, but no evidence that it predicted in vivo β-amyloid deposition, white matter hyperintensity volume, hippocampal volume or Alzheimer’s disease-pattern cortical thickness. A negative association between pure tone audiometry and mini-mental state examination score was observed, but this was no longer evident after excluding a test item assessing repetition of a single phrase.ConclusionPure tone audiometry performance did not predict concurrent β-amyloid deposition, small vessel disease or Alzheimer’s disease-pattern neurodegeneration, and had limited impact on cognitive function, in healthy adults aged approximately 70 years.

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Kocian, Alexander, Stefano Chessa, and Wilko Grolman. "Monitoring Practitioner's Skills in Pure-Tone Audiometry." International Journal of E-Health and Medical Communications 11, no. 2 (April 2020): 38–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijehmc.2020040103.

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So far, there exists no standard, to evaluate a practitioner's skills in pure-tone audiometry. To narrow the gap, this article presents an artificial patient (AP) emulating various types of hearing impairment. In contrast to other solutions, the AP autonomously listens to real pure-tones in soft real-time, while taking into account elements from psycho-acoustics. The emulated patient profiles are reproducible. New profiles can be easily added. The AP is able to recover from error. In this contribution, the authors develop software requirements specifications and derive a modular system architecture. To analyze the performance, the article proposes a stochastic extension to existing synchronous data flow graphs, taking into account the unbounded nature of the tasks' worst case response time. Maximization and summation over the graph reveals the joint distribution of the response time with first and second central moments corresponding to, respectively, the expected response time and the jitter of the task. The theoretical results have finally been validated by measurements on the target.

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Vielsmeier, Veronika, Astrid Lehner, Jürgen Strutz, Thomas Steffens, Peter M. Kreuzer, Martin Schecklmann, Michael Landgrebe, Berthold Langguth, and Tobias Kleinjung. "The Relevance of the High Frequency Audiometry in Tinnitus Patients with Normal Hearing in Conventional Pure-Tone Audiometry." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/302515.

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Objective. The majority of tinnitus patients suffer from hearing loss. But a subgroup of tinnitus patients show normal hearing thresholds in the conventional pure-tone audiometry (125 Hz–8 kHz). Here we explored whether the results of the high frequency audiometry (>8 kHz) provide relevant additional information in tinnitus patients with normal conventional audiometry by comparing those with normal and pathological high frequency audiometry with respect to their demographic and clinical characteristics.Subjects and Methods. From the database of the Tinnitus Clinic at Regensburg we identified 75 patients with normal hearing thresholds in the conventional pure-tone audiometry. We contrasted these patients with normal and pathological high-frequency audiogram and compared them with respect to gender, age, tinnitus severity, pitch, laterality and duration, comorbid symptoms and triggers for tinnitus onset.Results. Patients with pathological high frequency audiometry were significantly older and had higher scores on the tinnitus questionnaires in comparison to patients with normal high frequency audiometry. Furthermore, there was an association of high frequency audiometry with the laterality of tinnitus.Conclusion. In tinnitus patients with normal pure-tone audiometry the high frequency audiometry provides useful additional information. The association between tinnitus laterality and asymmetry of the high frequency audiometry suggests a potential causal role for the high frequency hearing loss in tinnitus etiopathogenesis.

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Lin, Heng-Yu Haley, Yuan-Chia Chu, Ying-Hui Lai, Hsiu-Lien Cheng, Feipei Lai, Yen-Fu Cheng, and Wen-Huei Liao. "A Smartphone-Based Approach to Screening for Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: Cross-Sectional Validity Study." JMIR mHealth and uHealth 8, no. 11 (November 11, 2020): e23047. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/23047.

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Background Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is an otologic emergency that warrants urgent management. Pure-tone audiometry remains the gold standard for definitively diagnosing SSNHL. However, in clinical settings such as primary care practices and urgent care facilities, conventional pure-tone audiometry is often unavailable. Objective This study aimed to determine the correlation between hearing outcomes measured by conventional pure-tone audiometry and those measured by the proposed smartphone-based Ear Scale app and determine the diagnostic validity of the hearing scale differences between the two ears as obtained by the Ear Scale app for SSNHL. Methods This cross-sectional study included a cohort of 88 participants with possible SSNHL who were referred to an otolaryngology clinic or emergency department at a tertiary medical center in Taipei, Taiwan, between January 2018 and June 2019. All participants underwent hearing assessments with conventional pure-tone audiometry and the proposed smartphone-based Ear Scale app consecutively. The gold standard for diagnosing SSNHL was defined as the pure-tone average (PTA) difference between the two ears being ≥30 dB HL. The hearing results measured by the Ear Scale app were presented as 20 stratified hearing scales. The hearing scale difference between the two ears was estimated to detect SSNHL. Results The study sample comprised 88 adults with a mean age of 46 years, and 50% (44/88) were females. PTA measured by conventional pure-tone audiometry was strongly correlated with the hearing scale assessed by the Ear Scale app, with a Pearson correlation coefficient of .88 (95% CI .82-.92). The sensitivity of the 5–hearing scale difference (25 dB HL difference) between the impaired ear and the contralateral ear in diagnosing SSNHL was 95.5% (95% CI 87.5%-99.1%), with a specificity of 66.7% (95% CI 43.0%-85.4%). Conclusions Our findings suggest that the proposed smartphone-based Ear Scale app can be useful in the evaluation of SSNHL in clinical settings where conventional pure-tone audiometry is not available.

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Shrestha, Sangita, Biraj Baral, Aakriti Dawadi, Pema Sherpa, and Deepak Regmi. "Noise-induced Hearing Loss among Patients Requiring Pure Tone Audiometry Evaluation in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study." Journal of Nepal Medical Association 61, no. 258 (February 1, 2023): 98–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.31729/jnma.8008.

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Introduction: Noise-induced hearing loss is a type of sensorineural hearing loss caused by long-term exposure to loud noise. This study provides insight into hearing loss problems the general population faces. The study aimed to find out the prevalence of noise-induced hearing loss among patients needing pure tone audiometry evaluation in a tertiary care centre. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 January 2021 to 30 July 2021 among patients requiring pure tone audiometry evaluation in the outpatient Department of Otorhinolaryngology in a tertiary care centre. The study was conducted after ethical approval from Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 2812202001). Pure tone audiometry was used to diagnose noise-induced hearing loss. Convenience sampling was done. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated. Results: Out of 690 patients, 14 (2.02%) (0.97-3.06, 95% Confidence Interval) were diagnosed with noise-induced hearing loss. Conclusions: The prevalence of noise-induced hearing loss among patients requiring pure tone audiometry evaluation was similar to other studies conducted in similar settings.

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Margolis, Robert H., George L. Saly, and Richard H. Wilson. "Ambient Noise Monitoring during Pure-Tone Audiometry." Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 33, no. 01 (January 2022): 045–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1735803.

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Abstract Background There is an increasing need to administer hearing tests outside of sound-attenuating rooms. Maximum permissible ambient noise levels (MPANLs) from published in standards (Occupational Health and Safety Administration [OSHA] 1983; American National Standards Institute [ANSI] S3.1–1999 (R2018)) can be modified to account for the additional attenuation provided by circumaural earphones (relative to supra-aural earphones) that are used for pure-tone audiometry. Ambient noise can influence the results of pure-tone audiometry by elevating thresholds by direct masking and by producing distractions that affect the accuracy of the test. The effects of these distractions have not been studied in relation to pure-tone audiometry in adult listeners. Purpose In Part I MPANLs provided by ANSI and OSHA standards are extended to account for the greater attenuation provided by circumaural earphones. Rules (“alerts”) were developed taking into account the listeners' thresholds. In Part II effects of distracting noise on pure-tone thresholds are reported. Methods and Results In Part I MPANLs two standards were modified for circumaural earphones by adding the additional attenuation provided by three circumaural earphones (relative to supra-aural earphones). A set of rules (“alerts”) is provided for identifying masking effects from ambient noise in a variety of conditions (earphone type, threshold elevation, uncovered ear). In Part II the distracting effects of an industrial noise sample on thresholds obtained from five listeners with normal hearing are described. Pure-tone thresholds were measured in quiet and in distracting noise presented at various levels. The effects of the distracting noise on the following variables were measured: time per trial, number of trials required to measure threshold, threshold shift, and perceived distractibility of the noise. Time per trial was unaffected by distracting noise. Number of trials required for threshold, threshold shift, and perceived distractibility increased with distracting noise level. Conclusion Part I: The modified MPANLs provide more relevant determinations of the potential effects of ambient noise on pure-tone thresholds than the values in the standards. Part II: Distracting noise affects pure-tone threshold measurements in a manner that is different from direct masking. The potential contaminating effect of distracting noise can be measured and reported.

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TAIKI, MASAMICHI. "Speech reception threshold and pure tone audiometry." AUDIOLOGY JAPAN 39, no. 5 (1996): 451–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4295/audiology.39.451.

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Leijon, Arne. "Quantization Error in Clinical Pure-Tone Audiometry." Scandinavian Audiology 21, no. 2 (January 1992): 103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/01050399209045989.

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MIZUKAMI, CHIKASHI, ETSUO YAMAMOTO, MASAKI OHMURA, HIROYUKI OIKI, JUN TSUJI, YUKI MUNETA, MAKITO TANABE, and NOBUHIRO HAKUBA. "COMPUTERIZED DATABASE SYSTEM FOR PURE TONE AUDIOMETRY." Nippon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho 96, no. 2 (1993): 225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3950/jibiinkoka.96.225.

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Rahne, T., F. Buthut, S. Plößl, and S. K. Plontke. "A software tool for pure‑tone audiometry." HNO 64, S1 (November 25, 2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00106-015-0089-3.

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Sainz, M., C. Lopez-Soler, C. Roldan, A. de la Torre, E. Sanchez, and J. L. Vargas. "Pure-tone audiometry in cochlear implanted patients." International Congress Series 1240 (October 2003): 317–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0531-5131(03)00773-8.

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Pang-Ching, Glenn, Michael Robb, Robert Heath, and Mona Takumi. "Middle Ear Disorders and Hearing Loss in Native Hawaiian Preschoolers." Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools 26, no. 1 (January 1995): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/0161-1461.2601.33.

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This study reported on the prevalence of middle ear disorders and hearing loss among native Hawaiian preschoolers. The subjects included children enrolled in the Kamehameha Schools on the islands of Kauai, Maui, and Oahu. At the beginning of the school year, each child received a battery of tests that included pure-tone audiometry, tympanometry, acoustic reflectometry, and pneumatic otoscopy. Approximately 15% of the children failed a majority of these tests. Serial testing, involving pure-tone audiometry and tympanometry, was administered at regular intervals throughout the school year. Approximately 9–15% of the children failed both audiometric and tympanometric tests at each of the serial screenings. The results are discussed in comparison to other indigenous groups at risk for middle ear disorders and hearing loss and as evidence of the need to develop systematic screenings for Hawaii’s preschool children.

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Krueger, Wesley W. O., and Ladonna Ferguson. "A Comparison of Screening Methods in School-Aged Children." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 127, no. 6 (December 2002): 516–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/mhn.2002.129734.

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OBJECTIVE: We sought to compare the findings of 3 different hearing screening methods in school-aged children. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Prospective testing of second- and third-grade students in their schools was carried out. METHODS: Three hundred children (599 ears) were screened by using 3 test modalities, pure-tone audiometry, distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE), and tympanometry. RESULTS: All of the tests were normal in 532 ears (89%), and all were abnormal in 12 ears (2%). Tympanometry yielded the most abnormalities (8.3%), and pure-tone testing demonstrated the fewest (3.3%), with a positive rate of 6.3% for DPOAE testing. False-positive rates were 1.2%, 4.2%, and 6.4% for pure tones, DPOAE, and tympanometry, respectively, when normal results on pure-tones or DPOAE were taken to represent true hearing. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE: We continue to recommend pure-tone testing as an effective screening method, with follow-up by using otoacoustic emissions in those who fail the pure-tone test.

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Pringle, M. B., A. Thompson, and K. Reddy. "A comparison of speech audiometry and pure tone audiometry in patients with secretory otitis media." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 107, no. 9 (September 1993): 787–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100124430.

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AbstractSpeech audiometry was performed on 15 children with secretory otitis media pre-and post-operatively and the findings compared with the pre-and post-operative pure tone audiograms. The results showed that in 30 per cent of cases pre-operatively the speech audiogram suggested a significantly worse hearing ability than that suggested by the pure tone audiogram (PTA). Where a PTA gives a borderline threshold disproportionate parental concern should be taken seriously as the hearing ability may well be worse than the PTA suggests.

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Hope, A. J., L. M. Luxon, and D.-E. Bamiou. "Effects of chronic noise exposure on speech-in-noise perception in the presence of normal audiometry." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 127, no. 3 (February 1, 2013): 233–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002221511200299x.

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AbstractObjective:To assess auditory processing in noise-exposed subjects with normal audiograms and compare the findings with those of non-noise-exposed normal controls.Methods:Ten noise-exposed Royal Air Force aircrew pilots were compared with 10 Royal Air Force administrators who had no history of noise exposure. Participants were matched in terms of age and sex. The subjects were assessed in terms of: pure tone audiometry, transient evoked otoacoustic emissions, suppression of transient evoked otoacoustic emissions in contralateral noise and auditory processing task performance (i.e. masking, frequency discrimination, auditory attention and speech-in-noise).Results:All subjects had normal pure tone audiometry and transient evoked otoacoustic emissions amplitudes in both ears. The noise-exposed aircrew had similar pure tone audiometry thresholds to controls, but right ear transient evoked otoacoustic emissions were larger and speech-in-noise thresholds were elevated in the noise-exposed subjects compared to controls.Conclusion:The finding of poorer speech-in-noise perception may reflect noise-related impairment of auditory processing in retrocochlear pathways. Audiometry may not detect early, significant noise-induced hearing impairment.

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Narang, Shweta Arora, Tarun Narang, Naresh Sharma, and Sushma Sood. "Pure tone audiometry in iron deficient anaemic children." International Journal of Physiology 6, no. 4 (2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2320-608x.2018.00108.7.

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Cho, Wan-Ho, Jihyun Lee, Young Joon Seo, Tae Hoon Kong, Michelle J. Suh, In-Ki Jin, Soo Hee Oh, et al. "Improving Accuracy and Reliability of Hearing Tests: Measurement Standards for Audiometric Devices." Journal of Audiology and Otology 28, no. 3 (July 10, 2024): 167–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.7874/jao.2024.00227.

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Pure-tone audiometry, using an audiometer, is the fundamental hearing test for diagnosing hearing loss. The requirements of the devices and the detailed process for calibrating the related equipment are described in international standards. However, traceable calibration and uncertainty evaluation processes are not widely accepted or applied to the qualification and maintenance of audiometric equipment. Here, we briefly review standard measurement systems for audiometric devices and introduce their calibration procedures. The uncertainty of each calibration process was investigated, and its impact on hearing test results was considered. Our findings show that the traceability of each procedure can be secured, satisfying the uncertainty requirement and being sufficiently smaller than the permissible deviation from the audiometer requirement. To guarantee the objectivity and reliability of hearing tests and maintain low uncertainty, close cooperation and mutual understanding between the metrology field and the medical community are necessary.

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Zeigelboim, Bianca Simone, Hélio A. G. Teive, Michèlli Rodrigues da Rosa, Jéssica Spricigo Malisky, Vinicius Ribas Fonseca, Jair Mendes Marques, and Paulo Breno Liberalesso. "The importance of central auditory evaluation in Friedreich's ataxia." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 76, no. 3 (March 2018): 170–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x20180008.

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ABSTRACT Objective To assess central auditory function in Friedreich's ataxia. Methods A cross-sectional, retrospective study was carried out. Thirty patients underwent the anamnesis, otorhinolaryngology examination, pure tone audiometry, acoustic immittance measures and brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) assessments. Results The observed alterations were: 43.3% in the pure tone audiometry, bilateral in 36.7%; 56.6% in the BAEP test, bilateral in 50%; and 46.6% in the acoustic immittance test. There was a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the comparison between the tests performed. Conclusion In the audiological screening, there was a prevalence of the descending audiometric configuration at the frequency of 4kHz, and absence of the acoustic reflex at the same frequency. In the BAEP test, there was a prevalence of an increase of the latencies in waves I, III and V, and in the intervals of interpeaks I-III, I-V and III-V. In 13.3% of the patients, wave V was absent, and all waves were absent in 3.3% of patients.

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Wahyudin, William, Dyah Indrasworo, and Ahmad Dian Wahyudiono. "Hubungan Pemberian Kanamisin dengan Kejadian Ototoksik pada Penderita Tuberkulosis Multi Drug Resistance." Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana 48, no. 2 (January 30, 2019): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.32637/orli.v48i2.266.

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Latar Belakang: Ototoksik merupakan salah satu efek samping kanamisin yang sulit dihindari. Ototoksisitas kanamisin ditandai dengan gangguan pendengaran sensorineural yang progresif dan sering irreversible dimulai dari frekuensi lebih dari 8000 Hz yang akhirnya akan mengenai frekuensi yang lebih rendah jika terapi dilanjutkan. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian kanamisin pada pasien tuberkulosis multi drug resistance (TB MDR) terhadap munculnya ototoksik dengan pemeriksaan audiometri. Metode: Penelitian observasional longitudinal dengan pendekatan cohort ini mengevaluasi fungsi pendengaran sebelum dan setelah pemberian kanamisin pada pasien TB MDR. Pemeriksaan fungsi pendengaran menggunakan audiometri nada murni. Kanamisin adalah aminoglikosida pilihan pada pasien dengan TB MDR yang akan diberikan secara injeksi intramuskular. Hasil: Uji Friedman’s menunjukkan ditemukan perubahan yang bermakna pada hasil pengukuran audiometri pada frekuensi tinggi antara pasca injeksi kanamisin bulan pertama, kedua, hingga kelima dengan hasil pengukuran sebelum terapi (p>0,05). Diagnosis ototoksisitas menggunakan kriteria American-Speech-Language-Hearing-Association (ASHA) dapat dideteksi sejak bulan pertama pemberian kanamisin (25%). Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan antara kejadian ototoksik dengan pemberian kanamisin pada penderita TB MDR. Telah terjadi ototoksisitas sejak injeksi kanamisin bulan pertama yang dideteksi dengan menggunakan pemeriksaan audiometri, dan bermakna secara statistik. Introduction: Ototoxicity is one of common side effects of kanamycin which is hard to avoid. Ototoxicity can be detected by a progressive and irreversible high frequency sensorineural hearing loss that can further affect low frequency if the therapy is continued. Kanamycin is the drug-of-choice for TB MDR through intramuscular (IM) injection. Purpose: This study aims to determine whether kanamycin can cause ototoxicity in patient with MDR TB by using audiometry examination. Method: An observational longitudinal study with cohort design, evaluating patient’s hearing threshold before and after kanamycin IM injection once per month using pure tone audiometry. Result: A significant alteration in high pitch before and after injection of kanamycin was revealed with Friedman’s test (p<0.05) for hearing threshold using pure tone audiometry. Furthermore, using American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) the diagnosis of ototoxicity can be established since the first month of kanamycin injection in 25% of the subjects, and also 25% in the second month of injection. Conclusion: There is a significant connection between ototoxicity with kanamycin injection in MDR TB patients, statistically proven. The ototoxicity can happen since the first month of injection, which can be detected using pure tone audiometry.

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Mahmoud, Salwa, Aliaa El-Hady, Soad Said El Molla, and Mai M. Kamel. "RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DISEASE ACTIVITY AND HEARING IMPAIRMENT IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS." International Journal of Advanced Research 10, no. 09 (September 30, 2022): 55–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/15321.

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Objectives:To compare hearing thresholds between control subjects and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, and between active and remission status. Materials and Methods:Thirty(30) Rheumatoid patients (RA group) and Twenty (20) healthy subjects (control group) were included in the study. Both groups were subjected to audiological testing: Pure tone audiometry, extended high frequency audiometry and auditory brain stem response (ABR). In RA group, the disease activity was assessed using DAS28-CRP. Results:The air conduction pure-tone hearing thresholds were significantly higher at frequencies: 2000, 4000, 8000 Hz in the RA than control group. The extended high frequency audiometry hearing thresholds were significantly higher in Rheumatoid patients at 12000 and 16000 Hz. ABR showed a significant difference between the RA and control group regarding the absolute wave Vlatency only (P<0.05).The thresholds of pure tone audiometry and extended high frequency audiometry were higher in active patients than patients with remission, with significant difference at 12000 and 16000 Hz. A significant difference was observed between the active patients and patients with remission for the absolute wave Vlatency only. There was a significant positive correlation between the hearing threshold, ABR wave V latencyand the activity of the RA patients (P<0.05). Conclusion: RA patients are at risk of hearing impairement, especially those with active disease.

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Li, Lok-Yee Joyce, Shin-Yi Wang, Jinn-Moon Yang, Chih-Jou Chen, Cheng-Yu Tsai, Lucas Yee-Yan Wu, Te-Fang Wu, and Cheng-Jung Wu. "Validation of a Personalized Hearing Screening Mobile Health Application for Persons with Moderate Hearing Impairment." Journal of Personalized Medicine 11, no. 10 (October 16, 2021): 1035. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm11101035.

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Hearing impairment is a frequent human sensory impairment. It was estimated that over 50% of those aged >75 years experience hearing impairment in the United States. Several hearing impairment–related factors are detectable through screening; thus, further deterioration can be avoided. Early identification of hearing impairment is the key to effective management. However, hearing screening resources are scarce or inaccessible, underlining the importance of developing user-friendly mobile health care systems for universal hearing screening. Mobile health (mHealth) applications (apps) act as platforms for personalized hearing screening to evaluate an individual’s risk of developing hearing impairment. We aimed to evaluate and compare the accuracy of smartphone-based air conduction and bone conduction audiometry self-tests with that of standard air conduction and bone conduction pure-tone audiometry tests. Moreover, we evaluated the use of smartphone-based air conduction and bone conduction audiometry self-tests in conductive hearing loss diagnosis. We recruited 103 patients (206 ears) from an otology clinic. All patients were aged ≥20 years. Patients who were diagnosed with active otorrhea was excluded. Moderate hearing impairment was defined as hearing loss with mean hearing thresholds >40 dB. All patients underwent four hearing tests performed by a board-certified audiologist: a smartphone-based air conduction audiometry self-test, smartphone-based bone conduction audiometry self-test, standard air-conduction pure-tone audiometry, and standard bone conduction pure-tone audiometry. We compared and analyzed the results of the smartphone-based air conduction and bone conduction audiometry self-tests with those of the standard air conduction and bone conduction pure-tone audiometry tests. The sensitivity of the smartphone-based air conduction audiometry self-test was 0.80 (95% confidence interval CI = 0.71–0.88) and its specificity was 0.84 (95% CI = 0.76–0.90), respectively. The sensitivity of the smartphone-based bone conduction audiometry self-test was 0.64 (95% CI = 0.53–0.75) and its specificity was 0.71 (95% CI = 0.62–0.78). Among all the ears, 24 were diagnosed with conductive hearing loss. The smartphone-based audiometry self-tests correctly diagnosed conductive hearing loss in 17 of those ears. The personalized smartphone-based audiometry self-tests correctly diagnosed hearing loss with high sensitivity and high specificity, and they can be a reliable screening test to rule out moderate hearing impairment among the population. It provided patients with moderate hearing impairment with personalized strategies for symptomatic control and facilitated individual case management for medical practitioners.

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Karlsmose, Bo, Henrik Baymler Pedersen, Torsten Lauritzen, and Agnete Parving. "Audiometry in General Practice: Validation of a Pragmatic Pure-tone Audiometry Method." Scandinavian Audiology 27, no. 3 (January 1998): 137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/010503998422638.

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Bukvová, Michaela, Hana Faitlová, Vít Blanař, and Jan Vodička. "An accuracy of whisper hearing test together with screening otoacoustic emissions in the detection of hearing loss." Otorinolaryngologie a foniatrie 72, no. 1 (March 20, 2023): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.48095/ccorl20238.

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Summary Introduction: The aim of this paper is to evaluate the ability of a whisper hearing test together with an examination of transiently evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE) to detect a hearing loss at the first contact with an adult patient with the indicated hearing impairment. This can be helpful in situations when a threshold pure tone audiometry cannot be performed. Methodology: We included a group of patients who were examined simultaneously with a classical whisper hearing test, TEOAE and a pure tone audiometry at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery of the Pardubice Hospital. Sixty-two patients with a hearing impairment and 14 healthy subjects were tested. Results: A sensitivity of the whisper hearing test alone was 85% and that of TEOAE was 71%. The sensitivity increased to 94%, when both of them were used. At the same time, a relatively high specificity (75%) of the examination was present. Using the whisper hearing test and TEOAE, we did not detect 3.3% of patients with hearing loss detected by pure tone audiometry. Conclusion: In the situation when no pure tone audiometry is available a combination of the whisper hearing test and TEOAE may be used to detect a hearing loss. The combination of these two methods can be considered for a recently much-discussed screening for hearing impairment in the elderly. Key words whisper hearing test – transient evoked otoacoustic emissions – TEOAE – hearing loss – screening

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Bramantyo, Brastho, Jenny Bashiruddin, Widayat Alviandi, and Risdawati Risdawati. "Pemeriksaan Otoacoustic Emission (OAE) untuk menilai keberhasilan terapi metilprednisolon." Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana 49, no. 1 (June 27, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.32637/orli.v49i1.285.

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Latar belakang: Penatalaksanaan tuli mendadak menggunakan steroid sebagai terapi utama merupakan hasil konsensus terapi tuli mendadak tahun 2010 di Madrid-Spanyol dan Cochrane systematic review tahun 2009, yang saat ini diterapkan di Divisi Neurotologi Departemen Telinga Hidung Tenggorok-Kepala Leher Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo. Evaluasi hasil pengobatan dilakukan dengan pemeriksaan audiometri dan Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emission (DPOAE). Pasien yang mengalami kesembuhan akan memperlihatkan peningkatan ambang dengar dan nilai Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) emisi otoakustik. Tujuan: Mengevaluasi hasil terapi metilprednisolon dosis terbaru pada tuli mendadak dengan pemeriksaan DPOAE dan audiometri nada murni. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain pre dan post eksperimental. Diberikan terapi metilprednisolon 1 mg/kgBB dengan tapering off 20 mg setiap 5 hari. Dilakukan pemeriksaan DPOAE dan audiometri sebelum dan setelah terapi. Hasil: Total sampel yang diolah adalah 22 subjek. Penelitian ini mendapatkan perubahan yang bermakna nilai audiometri nada murni sebelum dan sesudah terapi pada semua frekuensi. Nilai SNR pada OAE sebelum dan setelah terapi rata-rata mengalami perubahan nilai pass, dengan perubahan nilai SNR pass terbanyak adalah pada frekuensi 8000 Hz (6 subjek). Tingkat perubahan ambang dengar sesudah terapi yang mengalami perbaikan paling banyak pada frekuensi 2000 Hz, 3000 Hz, 6000 Hz dengan masing-masing 16 subjek. Perbaikan emisi terjadi lebih awal dibandingkan perbaikan ambang dengar. Kesimpulan: Pada penelitian ini terdapat perubahan bermakna nilai audiometri, dan nilai DPOAE. Didapatkan hubungan bermakna perubahan SNR pada OAE dengan tingkat perubahan ambang dengar frekuensi 8000 Hz dan 10.000 Hz, setelah pengobatan metilprednisolon sesuai protokol penelitian ini. Background: Methylprednisolone as a drug of choice in sudden deafness was consented in Madrid, Spain 2010 and in Cochrane systematic review in 2009, and already applied in Neurotology Division, ENT Department Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. Sudden deafness treatment evaluation conducted by audiometry and Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emission (DPOAE) examinations. Hearing recovery could be assessed from the improvement of hearing threshold and Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) of otoacoustic emission (OAE). Objective: To evaluate the current dose of methylprednisolone therapy for sudden deafness, by DPOAE and pure tone audiometry. Methods: This was a pre-post experimental study using methylprednisolone 1 mg/kg body weight tapered off 20 mg in every 5 days. DPOAE and audiometry examination were conducted pre and post therapy. Result: Total sample were 22 subjects. Significant improvement was seen in overall frequencies of audiometry examination. Pass result in SNR of OAE showed remarkable improvement in 8000 Hz (6 subjects). The level of pure tone threshold mainly increased in frequencies of 2000 Hz, 3000 Hz, and 6000 Hz, each 16 subjects. Improvement of the emision level occurred earlier than the hearing threshold. Conclusion: This study revealed significant improvement of audiometry threshold and OAE level. Significant correlation was found between SNR of OAE improvement with increased pure tone level in 8000 Hz and 10.000 Hz after methylprednisolone therapy according to the protocol of this study.

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Pashkov, A. V., I. V. Naumova, L. S. Namazova-Baranova, I. V. Zelenkova, and D. S. Klyachko. "Pure-tone audiometry using portable screening system in groups of students." Russian Otorhinolaryngology 19, no. 6 (2020): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.18692/1810-4800-2020-6-50-56.

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Background: according to WHO estimates, there are more than 466 million (over 6% of the population) with hearing impairments in the world. The limited availability of specialized audiological equipment, as well as the routing of such patients, complicates early diagnosis, which can negatively affect the results of treatment and rehabilitation. Devices (complexes) of automatic audiometry demonstrate the possibility of obtaining results comparable to the data of the pure tone audiogram. The study presents the results of approbation of the hardware and software complex «Colibri», which was developed to control and analyze the health parameters in students of general educational institutions, as well as educational institutions that carry out educational activities according to the adapted basic general educational programs. Objective: to determine the correlation of the thresholds of sound perception, identified by screening audiometry with the values of the pure tone audiometry in a group of normally hearing schoolchildren. Study design: a comparison was made of the behavioral thresholds of sound perception obtained using screening audiometry with the values of the pure tone audiometry threshold in 35 normally hearing students. Conclusion: further study of the technique is required to create a test protocol with the aim of possible use for identifying persons with possible hearing impairment. The use of such a system does not require the participation of a specialist - an audiologist, which makes it possible to carry out screening tests outside the hospital, subject to the technical (acoustic) requirements.

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Swanepoel, De Wet, Felicity Maclennan-Smith, and James W. Hall. "Diagnostic Pure-Tone Audiometry in Schools: Mobile Testing without a Sound-Treated Environment." Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 24, no. 10 (November 2013): 992–1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3766/jaaa.24.10.10.

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Purpose: To validate diagnostic pure-tone audiometry in schools without a sound-treated environment using an audiometer that incorporates insert earphones covered by circumaural earcups and real-time environmental noise monitoring. Research Design: A within-subject repeated measures design was employed to compare air (250 to 8000 Hz) and bone (250 to 4000 Hz) conduction pure-tone thresholds measured in natural school environments with thresholds measured in a sound-treated booth. Study Sample: 149 children (54% female) with an average age of 6.9 yr (SD = 0.6; range = 5–8). Results: Average difference between the booth and natural environment thresholds was 0.0 dB (SD = 3.6) for air conduction and 0.1 dB (SD = 3.1) for bone conduction. Average absolute difference between the booth and natural environment was 2.1 dB (SD = 2.9) for air conduction and 1.6 dB (SD = 2.7) for bone conduction. Almost all air- (96%) and bone-conduction (97%) threshold comparisons between the natural and booth test environments were within 0 to 5 dB. No statistically significant differences between thresholds recorded in the natural and booth environments for air- and bone-conduction audiometry were found (p > 0.01). Conclusions: Diagnostic air- and bone-conduction audiometry in schools, without a sound-treated room, is possible with sufficient earphone attenuation and real-time monitoring of environmental noise. Audiological diagnosis on-site for school screening may address concerns of false-positive referrals and poor follow-up compliance and allow for direct referral to audiological and/or medical intervention.

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Satoh, Hitoshi, Toshiyuki Fujisaki, Masayuki Kabeya, Tadashi Wada, Noriko Tsutiya, and Sugata Takahashi. "Detection of Functional Hearing Loss Using Pure-tone Audiometry Test Thresholds Discrepancy Between Continuous Pure-tone and Intermittent Pure-tone." AUDIOLOGY JAPAN 46, no. 3 (2003): 201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4295/audiology.46.201.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Audiometry - pure tone'

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