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Journal articles on the topic 'Auditing, Internal – China – Hong Kong'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 13 February 2022

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1

Li, Yao-Tai, and John Chung-En Liu. "Auditing ethnic preference in Hong Kong’s financial job market: The mediation of white privilege and Hong Kong localism." International Sociology 36, no. 1 (2020): 71–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0268580920957801.

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Using the case of Hong Kong’s finance-related industries, this article examines whether preference or discrimination based on job applicants’ ethnic background manifests in Hong Kong employers’ hiring practices. The authors took an audit approach and compared applicants of three distinctive ethnic groups: Anglo-Saxons, local Hong Kongers, and mainland Chinese. They found that in Hong Kong, local applicants receive the highest callback rate, followed by mainland Chinese, and then Anglo-Saxon applicants, regardless of their gender. The findings counter existing literature and suggest white privi

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2

Shih, Chih-Yu. "Positioning China Watching." China Report 54, no. 1 (2017): 118–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2455632717744405.

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This article divides China watching by the two dimensions of position and purpose. By position, the article asks if a narrator looks at China from an external or an internal perspective. By purpose, it asks if the narrative is to critically provide an evaluative perspective, to objectively represent an authentic China, or to practically discuss a life and identity strategy of Chinese people. Specifically, the complex sensibilities towards China among Taiwanese migrant scholars reify the genuine and yet often-unnoticed agency required to proceed with writing on China. With initially both the Ch

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Guan, Y., K. F. Shortridge, S. Krauss, et al. "H9N2 Influenza Viruses Possessing H5N1-Like Internal Genomes Continue To Circulate in Poultry in Southeastern China." Journal of Virology 74, no. 20 (2000): 9372–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.74.20.9372-9380.2000.

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ABSTRACT The transmission of H9N2 influenza viruses to humans and the realization that the A/Hong Kong/156/97-like (H5N1) (abbreviated HK/156/97) genome complex may be present in H9N2 viruses in southeastern China necessitated a study of the distribution and characterization of H9N2 viruses in poultry in the Hong Kong SAR in 1999. Serological studies indicated that H9N2 influenza viruses had infected a high proportion of chickens and other land-based birds (pigeon, pheasant, quail, guinea fowl, and chukka) from southeastern China. Two lineages of H9N2 influenza viruses present in the live-poul

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4

Huque, Ahmed Shafiqul. "Balancing Values, Pressures and Demands: Strategies for Public Administration in Hong Kong and China." Chinese Public Administration Review 10, no. 2 (2019): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.22140/cpar.v10i2.206.

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Hong Kong, as a part of the People’s Republic of China, has been experiencing new challenges since 1997. The reintegration of capitalist Hong Kong within the socialist framework of China was resolved with the innovative concept of “one country, two systems.” The application of the system has met with some problems, but the advent of globalization and its demands have imposed new and more formidable challenges. This article examines the challenges of globalization from the perspective of Hong Kong as a unit of China. The key argument is that Hong Kong has long been prepared for dealing with the

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Huque, Ahmed Shafiqul. "Balance Values, Pressures, and Demands: Strategies for Public Administration in Hong Kong and China." Chinese Public Administration Review 2, no. 3/4 (2006): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.22140/cpar.v2i3/4.111.

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Hong Kong, as a part of the People’s Republic of China, has been experiencing new challenges since 1997. The reintegration of capitalist Hong Kong within the socialist framework of China was resolved with the innovative concept of “one country, two systems.” The application of the system has met with some problems, but the advent of globalization and its demands have imposed new and more formidable challenges. This article examines the challenges of globalization from the perspective of Hong Kong as a unit of China. The key argument is that Hong Kong has long been prepared for dealing with the

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6

Taghizadeh-Hesary, Farhad, Naoyuki Yoshino, Aline Mortha, Alvin Chiu, and Niki Naderi. "INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL DETERMINANTS OF HOUSING PRICE BOOM IN HONG KONG." Buletin Ekonomi Moneter dan Perbankan 23, no. 4 (2020): 597–620. http://dx.doi.org/10.21098/bemp.v23i4.1043.

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Hong Kong’s housing market witnessed a dramatic housing price appreciation in recent years, with the price index for private domestic housing units being three times higher than ten years ago. This trend is supported by both internal and external factors, as illustrated in this paper. By developing a theoretical model and an empirical analysis on the key variables influencing housing prices using monthly data from 1999 to 2018, we find that the main drivers of housing price appreciation are from the demand side and include income level, money supply and inflation. The main contribution of this

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7

Yip, Paul, Mehdi Soleymani, Kam Pui Wat, Edward Pinkney, and Kwok Fai Lam. "Modeling Internal Movement of Children Born in Hong Kong to Nonlocal Mothers." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 15 (2020): 5476. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155476.

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In Hong Kong, approximately 300,000 children were born to Mainland China couples in the period 1991–2012. According to Basic Law, the mini constitution of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR) government, these parents do not have residence rights, but their children do. As a result, most of these children have returned to Mainland China with their parents. An important consideration for policymakers is how many of these children (who are now adults in some cases) will return to Hong Kong for good, and when, as this will have a significant impact on social service provision, especially

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8

Quan, J., T. K. Li, H. Pang, et al. "Diabetes incidence and prevalence in Hong Kong, China during 2006-2014." Diabetic Medicine 34, no. 7 (2016): 902–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/dme.13284.

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9

Cheung, C. L., D. Vijaykrishna, G. J. D. Smith, et al. "Establishment of Influenza A Virus (H6N1) in Minor Poultry Species in Southern China." Journal of Virology 81, no. 19 (2007): 10402–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01157-07.

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ABSTRACT An H6N1 virus, A/teal/Hong Kong/W312/97 (W312), was isolated during the “bird flu” incident in Hong Kong in 1997. Genetic analysis suggested that this virus might be the progenitor of the A/Hong Kong/156/97 (HK/97) H5N1 virus, as seven of eight gene segments of those viruses had a common source. Continuing surveillance in Hong Kong showed that a W312-like virus was prevalent in quail and pheasants in 1999; however, the further development of H6N1 viruses has not been investigated since 2001. Here we report influenza virus surveillance data collected in southern China from 2000 to 2005

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10

Morton, Brian. "Protecting Hong Kong's marine biodiversity: present proposals, future challenges." Environmental Conservation 23, no. 1 (1996): 55–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s037689290003825x.

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SummaryPollution from many sources, over-fishing and the rapid development of Hong Kong have had powerful, adverse, impacts upon local marine life reducing it to but a shadow of what it once was. This paper describes Hong Kong's newly enacted Marine Parks Ordinance Chapter 37 1995, discusses the existing situation with regard to the designation of marine parks and reserves, and describes the special features of each one. It argues that a territory-wide strategy will have to be implemented if representative intertidal and coastal water communities are to survive. Coastal zone planning and manag

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11

Hoffmann, Erich, Juergen Stech, Irina Leneva, et al. "Characterization of the Influenza A Virus Gene Pool in Avian Species in Southern China: Was H6N1 a Derivative or a Precursor of H5N1?" Journal of Virology 74, no. 14 (2000): 6309–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.74.14.6309-6315.2000.

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ABSTRACT In 1997, an H5N1 influenza virus outbreak occurred in chickens in Hong Kong, and the virus was transmitted directly to humans. Because there is limited information about the avian influenza virus reservoir in that region, we genetically characterized virus strains isolated in Hong Kong during the 1997 outbreak. We sequenced the gene segments of a heterogeneous group of viruses of seven different serotypes (H3N8, H4N8, H6N1, H6N9, H11N1, H11N9, and H11N8) isolated from various bird species. The phylogenetic relationships divided these viruses into several subgroups. An H6N1 virus isola

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Jiang, Hechao, Daniel T. L. Shek, and Moon Y. M. Law. "Differences between Chinese Adolescent Immigrants and Adolescent Non-Immigrants in Hong Kong: Perceived Psychosocial Attributes, School Environment and Characteristics of Hong Kong Adolescents." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 7 (2021): 3739. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073739.

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Although the impact of immigration on adolescent developmental outcomes has received extensive scholarly attention, the impact of internal migration, particularly in the Chinese context, on adolescents’ psychosocial development has not been scientifically investigated. This study examined whether mainland Chinese adolescent immigrants (N = 590) and adolescent non-immigrants (n = 1798) differed on: (a) psychosocial attributes indexed by character traits, well-being, social behavior, and views on child development, (b) perceived school environment, and (c) perceptions of characteristics of Hong

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13

Chin, P. S., E. Hoffmann, R. Webby, et al. "Molecular Evolution of H6 Influenza Viruses from Poultry in Southeastern China: Prevalence of H6N1 Influenza Viruses Possessing Seven A/Hong Kong/156/97 (H5N1)-Like Genes in Poultry." Journal of Virology 76, no. 2 (2002): 507–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.76.2.507-516.2002.

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ABSTRACT The A/teal/Hong Kong/W312/97 (H6N1) influenza virus and the human H5N1 and H9N2 influenza viruses possess similar genes encoding internal proteins, suggesting that H6N1 viruses could become novel human pathogens. The molecular epidemiology and evolution of H6 influenza viruses were characterized by antigenic and genetic analyses of 29 H6 influenza viruses isolated from 1975 to 1981 and 1997 to 2000. Two distinct groups were identified on the basis of their antigenic characteristics. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all H6N1 viruses isolated from terrestrial poultry in 1999 and 2000

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14

Laukkanen, Tatu-Ilari. "Shanghai gangster films and the politics of change." Novos Olhares 9, no. 1 (2020): 81–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2238-7714.no.2020.172000.

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In this paper through a very close textual reading I will show the ideological differences between two films based on the life of Shanghai gangster Du Yuesheng (1888, Pudong – 1951, Hong Kong) through close formal and narrative analysis. Du was already a celebrity in his day in the Republican era and is still a con-troversial figure in Greater China. However, there are only two films based on the life of the French Con-cession opium kingpin, the recent Hong Kong/PRC co-production The Last Tycoon (Da Shang Hai, Wong Jing, 2012) and the epic two part Lord of the East China Sea I & II (Shang

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15

Li, K. S., K. M. Xu, J. S. M. Peiris, et al. "Characterization of H9 Subtype Influenza Viruses from the Ducks of Southern China: a Candidate for the Next Influenza Pandemic in Humans?" Journal of Virology 77, no. 12 (2003): 6988–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.77.12.6988-6994.2003.

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ABSTRACT A current view of the emergence of pandemic influenza viruses envisages a gene flow from the aquatic avian reservoir to humans via reassortment in pigs, the hypothetical “mixing vessel.” Understanding arising from recent H5N1 influenza outbreaks in Hong Kong since 1997 and the isolation of avian H9N2 virus from humans raises alternative options for the emergence of a new pandemic virus. Here we report that H9N2 influenza viruses established in terrestrial poultry in southern China are transmitted back to domestic ducks, in which the viruses generate multiple reassortants. These novel

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Cauthen, Angela N., David E. Swayne, Stacey Schultz-Cherry, Michael L. Perdue, and David L. Suarez. "Continued Circulation in China of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses Encoding the Hemagglutinin Gene Associated with the 1997 H5N1 Outbreak in Poultry and Humans." Journal of Virology 74, no. 14 (2000): 6592–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.74.14.6592-6599.2000.

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ABSTRACT Since the outbreak in humans of an H5N1 avian influenza virus in Hong Kong in 1997, poultry entering the live-bird markets of Hong Kong have been closely monitored for infection with avian influenza. In March 1999, this monitoring system detected geese that were serologically positive for H5N1 avian influenza virus, but the birds were marketed before they could be sampled for virus. However, viral isolates were obtained by swabbing the cages that housed the geese. These samples, known collectively as A/Environment/Hong Kong/437/99 (A/Env/HK/437/99), contained four viral isolates, whic

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Wang, Harry HX, Jia Ji Wang, Kenny D. Lawson, et al. "OS 22-02 Hypertensive patients with multimorbidity in mainland China, Scotland, and Hong Kong." Journal of Hypertension 34, Supplement 1 (2016): e238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.hjh.0000500530.11953.56.

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18

Macve, Richard. "Perspectives from mainland China, Hong Kong and the UK on the development of China’s auditing firms: implications and a research agenda." Accounting and Business Research 50, no. 7 (2020): 641–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00014788.2020.1736494.

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19

Shi, Xiaofeng, Michael Dempsey, Huu Nhan Duong, and Petko S. Kalev. "Investor protection and market liquidity revisited." Corporate Governance 15, no. 4 (2015): 517–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cg-04-2014-0046.

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Purpose – This paper aims to establish the relation between corporate governance – as represented by investor protection at both the legal and firm levels – and stock market liquidity. Design/methodology/approach – This paper avails of the unique features of Hong Kong- and China-based stocks that are traded on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange so as to test whether differences between “common law” and “civil law” legal environments contribute to differences in stock liquidity. In addition, by constructing an internal corporate governance index score for each firm based on board size, board independ

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20

Sing, Ming. "Governing Elites, External Events and Pro-democratic Opposition in Hong Kong (1986–2002)." Government and Opposition 38, no. 4 (2003): 456–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1477-7053.t01-1-00024.

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AbstractWhile China has been the most important constraint on Hong Kong's democratization, another neglected constraint has been the limited mobilization power of the pro-democracy opposition in both civil and political society for most of the period from 1984 to 2002. The mobilization power of the pro-democracy opposition, mediated by their degree of internal unity and ability to capitalize on external political opportunities, affected its overall bargaining power vis-à-vis the Chinese and British government over democratization in different phases. The self-censorship among Hong Kong's media

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21

Chan, Joseph Man, and Chin-Chuan Lee. "Power Change, Co-optation, Accommodation: Xinhua and the Press in Transitional Hong Kong." China Quarterly 126 (June 1991): 290–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s030574100000521x.

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We have documented that political transition set out by the Sino-British Joint Declaration in September 1984 has compelled the Hong Kong press to undergo decisive, yet uneven, editorial paradigm shifts. This article, as a sequel, examines the structural interaction between Xinhua (New China) News Agency, China's command post in Hong Kong, and the ideologically-polarized Chinese-language press. Specifically, we seek to focus our analysis on aspects of Xinhua's co-optation and press accommodation. As a new power centre, Xinhua tries to incorporate the press into the changing political order with

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Furstenberg, George M. von, and Jianjun Wei. "Overcoming Chinese Monetary Division and External Anchoring in East Asia." Asian Economic Papers 3, no. 1 (2004): 27–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/1535351041747941.

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There are few recent historical precedents for maintaining the high degree of separation that still prevails between the internal monetary arrangements of Hong Kong and mainland China. This paper explains why this separation is likely to erode and considers the economics of the different forms that monetary unification of China could take. It argues that achieving such unification without resorting to capital controls or expropriation is a precondition for developing a second major international currency in East Asia that would rival the yen. Until the renminbi has been established as an inter

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23

Law, Philip. "Corporate governance and no fraud occurrence in organizations." Managerial Auditing Journal 26, no. 6 (2011): 501–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02686901111142558.

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PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine empirically the organizational factors that are associated with the absence of fraud.Design/methodology/approachFactor analysis using principal component extraction was first employed. Logistic regression was then performed to analyze the survey responses of 253 chief financial officers (CFOs) in Hong Kong. A total of 20 semi‐structured interviews were also carried out with CFOs to supplement the research results.FindingsThe results indicate that audit committee effectiveness, internal audit effectiveness, the tone at the top managerial level, and

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Wong, Dennis Sing-wing, and Sai-fu Fung. "Development of the Cybercrime Rapid Identification Tool for Adolescents." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 13 (2020): 4691. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17134691.

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Two studies were conducted to support the development of an eight-item Cybercrime Rapid Identification Tool (CRIT) and evaluate the psychometric properties of the proposed scale on samples of secondary school and university students. The CRIT was developed and evaluated in two cross-sectional studies with 2044 respondents from Hong Kong and China. Study 1 recruited 1533 secondary school students from Hong Kong with a mean age of 14.91 (SD = 1.77) years, and Study 2 recruited 511 university students from mainland China with a mean age of 20.41 (SD = 2.49) years. A stepwise confirmatory factor a

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Law, Philip, Desmond Yuen, and Lyu Chan. "The impact of guanxi on auditor independence: Perceptions of auditors and CFOs in Hong Kong." Corporate Ownership and Control 10, no. 2 (2013): 685–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv10i2c4art3.

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Auditor independence has long been referred to as the cornerstone of the auditing profession. Guanxi refers to the networks of informal relationships and exchanges of favors that dominate all business and social activities that occur throughout China. This research will analyse the impact of guanxi and client size on the perceived independence of auditors in the setting of Hong Kong. Survey data is obtained from 524 questionnaire responses from Chief Financial Officers (CFOs), Big 4 and Non-Big 4 auditors. Two within-subjects independent variables: “guanxi” and the “client size”, and one betwe

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Wong, Kam Cheong, and Zhiqiang Wang. "Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus of Chinese populations in Mainland China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan." Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 73, no. 2 (2006): 126–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2006.01.007.

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27

Junaedi, Dedi, and Faisal Salistia. "DAMPAK PANDEMI COVID-19 TERHADAP PASAR MODAL DI INDONESIA:." Al-Kharaj : Jurnal Ekonomi, Keuangan & Bisnis Syariah 2, no. 2 (2020): 109–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.47467/alkharaj.v2i2.112.

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ABSTRACT This study aims to: (1) examine the influence of a pandemic on the development of the stock market (CSPI) in Indonesia; (2) analyzing the effect of externalities on the dynamics of stock market developments in Indonesia; and (3) examine whether differences in social distancing policies affect the dynamics of Indonesian capital market movements. The research method uses quantitative analysis with a dummy variable multiple regression approach. JCI as a bound variable, while the independent variable is the number of Covid-19 pandemic cases in Indonesia, China and Spain, then the mo

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Junaedi, Dedi, and Faisal Salistia. "DAMPAK PANDEMI COVID-19 TERHADAP PASAR MODAL DI INDONESIA:." Al-Kharaj : Jurnal Ekonomi, Keuangan & Bisnis Syariah 2, no. 2 (2020): 109–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.47467/alkharaj.v2i4.112.

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ABSTRACT This study aims to: (1) examine the influence of a pandemic on the development of the stock market (CSPI) in Indonesia; (2) analyzing the effect of externalities on the dynamics of stock market developments in Indonesia; and (3) examine whether differences in social distancing policies affect the dynamics of Indonesian capital market movements. The research method uses quantitative analysis with a dummy variable multiple regression approach. JCI as a bound variable, while the independent variable is the number of Covid-19 pandemic cases in Indonesia, China and Spain, then the mo

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Li, Danny H. W., and Chris C. S. Lau. "An Analysis of Nonovercast Sky Luminance Models Against Hong Kong Data." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 129, no. 4 (2006): 486–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2770756.

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Daylighting is an important issue in modern architecture that has been characterized by the use of curtain walls in buildings. Nonovercast skies, including clear and partly cloudy days, are essential because they may occur more frequently for places such as in equatorial regions and the tropics. Better understanding of nonovercast sky luminance distribution is vital to estimate the dynamic variation in daylight illuminance as sky condition and solar position change. This paper presents the work on the evaluation of six clear sky and three partly cloudy sky models against three-year (1999–2001)

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Ho, Jessie, and Paul L. Nesbit. "Personality and work outcomes: A moderated mediation model of self-leadership and gender." International Journal of Management Excellence 10, no. 2 (2018): 1292–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.17722/ijme.v10i2.972.

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The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between personality traits (conscientiousness and internal locus of control) and self-leadership. Specifically, we tested a moderated mediation model with self-leadership as the mediator between personality traits and job performance and job satisfaction and with gender as the moderator in influencing the mediations. Data were collected from a variety of organizations from 341 supervisor-subordinate dyads located in China and Hong Kong. Our analyses revealed that: (1) conscientiousness and internal locus of control were positively relate

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Ou, Xiangli, Kang Gao, and Congcong Xu. "A Comparative Study of Student Unions Inside and Outside Mainland China." Asian Social Science 14, no. 7 (2018): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v14n7p99.

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With higher education entering a new normal status in China, student unions in higher education face new opportunities and challenges. To overcome these challenges it is necessary to learn from the successful experiences of student organizations inside and outside mainland China to create a reference for improving the creation process, organization and administration of student unions. This article presents an analysis and contrast of different organizational aspects of student unions in mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan (HMT), and the United States such as their current development

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Wong, Andrew D. "The trouble with tongzhi." Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) 18, no. 2 (2008): 277–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/prag.18.2.05won.

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A general address term in Communist China, tongzhi ‘comrade’ was appropriated by gay rights activists in Hong Kong to refer to members of sexual minorities. Examining its level of acceptance among non-activist gay and lesbian Hongkongers, this article argues that non-activists’ ideology about sexuality accounts for their rejection of tongzhi and their preference for strategies that leave same-sex desire unspecified. This study demonstrates how the discursive history of a label can both enable and impede its political efficacy. It also sheds light on the internal resistance that representatives

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Song, Mingqiu, Donghao Chen, and Elizabeth Sylvester Mkoba. "Secure Software Development Assimilation." International Journal of Secure Software Engineering 5, no. 3 (2014): 32–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsse.2014070103.

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Drawing upon institutional theory, this article develops an extended model to test and verify the effects of external institutional pressures on Secure Software Development (SSD) assimilation and the roles of internal critical factors. The empirical results are based on 86 survey data from respondents of related organizations in United Kingdom, Hong Kong, and Mainland China who have related project experience about SSD. Results from partial least squares (PLS) analysis suggest that both mimetic and coercive pressures have indirect effects on SSD assimilation with the distal mediation of top ma

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Li, Chunxiao, Lijuan Wang, Martin E. Block, Raymond K. W. Sum, and Yandan Wu. "Psychometric Properties of the Physical Educators’ Self-Efficacy Toward Including Students With Disabilities—Autism Among Chinese Preservice Physical Education Teachers." Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly 35, no. 2 (2018): 159–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/apaq.2017-0086.

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Teachers’ self-efficacy is a critical predictor for successful inclusive physical education. However, little is known about preservice physical educators’ self-efficacy toward teaching students with autism spectrum disorders in China. A sound instrument is necessary to measure their self-efficacy level. This validation study examined the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Physical Educators’ Self-Efficacy Toward Including Students with Disabilities—Autism. A multisection survey form was administered to preservice physical educators in Mainland China (n = 205) and Hong Kong (

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Cong, Yan L., Juan Pu, Qin F. Liu, et al. "Antigenic and genetic characterization of H9N2 swine influenza viruses in China." Journal of General Virology 88, no. 7 (2007): 2035–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.82783-0.

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As pigs are susceptible to infection with both avian and human influenza A viruses, they have been proposed to be an intermediate host for the generation of pandemic virus through reassortment. Antigenic and genetic characterization was performed for five swine H9N2 influenza viruses isolated from diseased pigs from different farms. The haemagglutinin (HA) antigenicity of swine H9N2 viruses was different from that of chicken H9N2 viruses prevalent in northern China. Genetic analysis revealed that all five isolates had an RLSR motif at the cleavage site of HA, which was different from those of

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Chi-hsiang, Chen. "Effects of shared vision and integrations on entrepreneurial performance." Chinese Management Studies 9, no. 2 (2015): 150–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cms-04-2013-0057.

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Purpose – This paper aims to examine the possible benefits and effects of shared vision and integration on entrepreneurial management for new Chinese ventures. By examining new enterprises, rather than already established and operating firms, this study can better demonstrate the impact of shared vision and internal or external integration on entrepreneurial performance. The empirical analyses demonstrate the importance of shared vision and both types of integration for new ventures, particularly enterprises in China. Design/methodology/approach – This study collected data from firms in Greate

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Alam, Alam, Khalil ., and Momtaj Bintay . "Migration and Inter-Dependence, Sustainable Urbanism in the Pearl River Delta Region, South China." Journal of Social and Development Sciences 3, no. 3 (2012): 99–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jsds.v3i3.691.

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Under influence of globalization regional boundaries seem to be melted with the hands of migrants and pave the integration process. Ideally integration occur through voluntary linking in the economic and political domains of two or more formerly independent states to the extent that authority over key areas of national policy is shifted towards the supra-national level. The Pearl River Delta (PRD) region of South China is unique as its status transformed from an international boundary between the UK and the Peopleâ€™s Republic of China (PRC) to an internal boundary inside China under â€˜one co

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Liu, Jinhua, Katsunori 0kazaki, Hiroichi Ozaki, et al. "H9N2 influenza viruses prevalent in poultry in China are phylogenetically distinct from A/quail/Hong Kongl/G1/97 presumed to be the donor of the internal protein genes of the H5N1 Hong Kong/97 virus." Avian Pathology 32, no. 5 (2003): 551–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0307-9450310001596728.

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Zhang, Jie, Le Yu, Xuecao Li, et al. "Exploring Annual Urban Expansions in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Greater Bay Area: Spatiotemporal Features and Driving Factors in 1986–2017." Remote Sensing 12, no. 16 (2020): 2615. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12162615.

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The Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macau Greater Bay Area (GBA) of China is one of the largest bay areas in the world. However, the spatiotemporal characteristics and driving mechanisms of urban expansions in this region are poorly understood. Here we used the annual remote sensing images, Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques, and geographical detector method to characterize the spatiotemporal patterns of urban expansion in the GBA and investigate their driving factors during 1986–2017 on regional and city scales. The results showed that: the GBA experienced an unprecedented urban expansion ove

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Müller, Armin. "External Migrants under Mainland China's Informal Welfare Regime: Risk Shifts, Resource Environments, and the Urban Employees' Social Insurance." Pacific Affairs 93, no. 2 (2020): 281–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.5509/2020932281.

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Social insurance in mainland China long catered to populations that were assumed to remain in one place permanently. In recent decades, however, internal and transnational labour migration has been on the rise. Building on existing research about internal migrants' social security, this study asks how different groups of external labour migrants cope with the social risk shifts induced by mobility. It focuses on documented migrants from UN member countries; from Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Macao; and on undocumented migrants. It employs the resource environment approach, which integrates a transnat

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Zainudin, Rozaimah, Nurul Shahnaz Ahmad Mahdzan, and Ee Shan Leong. "Firm-specific internal determinants of profitability performance: an exploratory study of selected life insurance firms in Asia." Journal of Asia Business Studies 12, no. 4 (2018): 533–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jabs-09-2016-0129.

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Purpose This study is an exploratory study investigating firm-specific internal factors that influence the profitability performance of selected life insurance firms in eight Asian countries (China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Singapore, Japan, South Korea, Thailand and Malaysia) from 2008-2014. This paper aims to focus on internal rather than external factors based on the resource-based view suggesting that the internal resources of a firm are key to gaining competitive advantage. Design/methodology/approach The authors used panel data estimation model to test our six hypotheses on these eight selecte

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Kwong, Patrick WH, Shamay SM Ng, and Gabriel YF Ng. "An investigation of the psychometric properties of the Chinese (Cantonese) version of Subjective Index of Physical and Social Outcome (SIPSO)." Clinical Rehabilitation 31, no. 11 (2017): 1538–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269215517698736.

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Objective: The objectives of this study were 1) to translate and make cultural adaptations to the English version of the SIPSO questionnaire to create a Chinese (Cantonese) version, 2) evaluate the internal consistency, test-retest reliability the C-SIPSO questionnaire, and 3) compare the SIPSO-C scores of stroke survivors with different demographic characteristics to establish the discriminant validity of the questionnaire Design: Translation of questionnaire, cross sectional study. Setting: University-based clinical research laboratory. Subjects Community-dwelling chronic stroke survivors. I

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Ross, Brendan, Dongfang Wang, Chang Xi, et al. "T217. MEDICATION ADHERENCE AND ITS CORRELATES AMONG PATIENTS WITH RECURRENT SCHIZOPHRENIA: A LARGE-SCALE STUDY IN CHINA." Schizophrenia Bulletin 46, Supplement_1 (2020): S315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbaa029.777.

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Abstract Background The Medication Adherence Rating Scale (MARS) is a rapid, non-intrusive way of measuring adherence to medication in order to improve management of patients with schizophrenia. The current study evaluated the reliability of the Chinese (Mandarin) version of the MARS and explored clinical and demographic correlates to medication adherence in a large sample of patients with recurrent schizophrenia in China. Methods 1198 patients with recurrent schizophrenia were recruited from 37 different hospitals in 17 provinces/municipalities of China and evaluated with the Medication Adher

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Hasan, Md Shamimul, Normah Omar, and ABM Rashedul Hassan. "Financial health and management practices: a multi-year cross country analysis of PLCs." Journal of Financial Crime 25, no. 3 (2018): 646–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfc-01-2017-0002.

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between financial strength or condition and managerial practices in preparing financial statements of public limited companies. The objectives of this study are threefold – to measure the financial strength, to measure integrity index and to examine the relationship between management practices and financial strength. Design/methodology/approach Financial ratios, Altman’s Z-Score, integrity index, ranking approach and chi-square test are used to achieve the objectives. A multi-year cross-country analysis is done by considering sa

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He, Han, Sicheng Li, Lin Hu, Nelson Duarte, Otilia Manta, and Xiao-Guang Yue. "Risk Factor Identification of Sustainable Guarantee Network Based on Logistic Regression Algorithm." Sustainability 11, no. 13 (2019): 3525. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11133525.

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In order to investigate the factors influencing the sustainable guarantee network and its differences in different spatial and temporal scales, logistic regression algorithm is used to analyze the data of listed companies in 31 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in China from 2008 to 2017 (excluding Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan). The study finds that, overall, companies with better profitability, poor solvency, poor operational capability and higher levels of economic development are more likely to join the guarantee network. On the temporal scale, solvency and regional economic d

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Wong, Ming Yu Claudia. "Translation and Validation of the Mindful Self-Care Scale—Chinese Version: A Pilot Study." Psych 2, no. 4 (2020): 338–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/psych2040025.

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(1) Background: Numerous research studies have investigated and identified the high prevalence of poor mental health status among the Chinese population, for example suffering from a high level of anxiety and depression. Moreover, the Chinese population are shown to have a conservative attitude towards mental health problems and a passive help-seeking behaviour when suffering from psychological distress. Therefore, it is important to assess the levels of self-care among the Chinese population, which is considered as the basis for tackling psychological well-being issues by the World Health Org

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Gill, Baljit Kaur. "Translation and validation of the traditional Chinese NLN educational practices questionnaire, simulation design scale and student satisfaction and self-confidence in learning." Journal of Nursing Education and Practice 10, no. 8 (2020): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jnep.v10n8p47.

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Background and objective: Globally, the use of clinical simulation has been incorporated in different nursing programs. It is important to evaluate simulation using reliable and valid instruments. Using the same instrument helps to evaluate simulation under the same criteria both nationally and internationally. The National League of Nursing developed three simulation scales which is widely used in different countries and demonstrates a good reliability and validity. Nevertheless, it is only available in English. The aim of the study was to translate the original NLN simulation evaluation scal

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Irkhin, I. V. "The Main Scenarios for the Formation of Territorial Autonomies in the Modern World (Constitutional and Legal Aspect)." Lex Russica, no. 2 (February 1, 2019): 132–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1729-5920.2019.147.2.132-150.

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As part of the analysis of the practices of institutionalization of constitutional and legal status of territorial autonomies of Bolivia, Great Britain, Denmark, India, Indonesia, Canada, China, Moldova, Uzbekistan, Finland on the basis of the criteria and methods of their formation, it is indicated that there are two main scenarios. According to the first one, territorial autonomies are formed on the basis of international and national legal acts. The second scenario assumes the formation of autonomies based on national legal acts only.In the structure of the first scenario, territorial auton

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Shen, Jiayi, Jiebin Chen, Zequan Zheng, et al. "An Innovative Artificial Intelligence–Based App for the Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM-AI): Development Study." Journal of Medical Internet Research 22, no. 9 (2020): e21573. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/21573.

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Background Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) can cause adverse consequences to both mothers and their newborns. However, pregnant women living in low- and middle-income areas or countries often fail to receive early clinical interventions at local medical facilities due to restricted availability of GDM diagnosis. The outstanding performance of artificial intelligence (AI) in disease diagnosis in previous studies demonstrates its promising applications in GDM diagnosis. Objective This study aims to investigate the implementation of a well-performing AI algorithm in GDM diagnosis in a setting

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Han, H., Y. J. Chung, and S. C. Shin. "First Report of Bursaphelenchus thailandae on Pinus densiflora in Korea." Plant Disease 94, no. 7 (2010): 922. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-94-7-0922a.

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A survey of nematodes on Pinus densiflora in Namyangju City, Gyeonggi Province, Korea was conducted in 2008. Namyangju is located in an area with pine wilt caused by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and monitoring of wilt has been conducted periodically. Nematodes were extracted from wood chips by the Baermann's funnel method and were cultured on a medium of Botrytis cinerea. During the survey, B. xylophilus and B. thailandae were detected. B. thailandae was found in 20% of the trees tested and usually was found alone without B. xylophilus. Population density of B. thailandae ranged from 8,000 to 15

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