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1
Batten, Bronwyn. "From prehistory to history shared perspectives in Australian heritage interpretation /." Thesis, Electronic version, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.14/445.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Macquarie University, Division of Society, Culture, Media and Philosophy, Warawara - Dept. of Indigenous Studies, 2005.<br>Bibliography: p. 248-265.<br>Introduction and method -- General issues in heritage interpretation: Monuments and memorials; Museums; Other issues -- Historic site case studies: Parramatta Park and Old Government House; The Meeting Place Precinct - Botany Bay National Park; Myall Creek -- Discussion and conclusions.<br>It has long been established that in Australia contemporary (post-contact) Aboriginal history has suffered as a result of the colonisation process. Aboriginal history was seen as belonging in the realm of prehistory, rather than in contemporary historical discourses. Attempts have now been made to reinstate indigenous history into local, regional and national historical narratives. The field of heritage interpretation however, still largely relegates Aboriginal heritage to prehistory. This thesis investigates the ways in which Aborigianl history can be incorporated into the interpetation of contemporary or post-contact history at heritage sites. The thesis uses the principle of 'shared history' as outlined by the Council for Aboriginal Reconciliation, as a starting point in these discussions.<br>Electronic reproduction.<br>viii, 265 p., bound : ill. ; 30 cm.<br>Mode of access; World Wide Web.<br>Also available in print form
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Geddes, Robert John William. "The unsettled colony : contruction of aboriginality in late colonial South Australian popular historical fiction and memoir /." Title page, contents and conclusions only, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09arg295.pdf.
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West, Sharon Ann, and sharon west@rmit edu au. "A pictorial historical narrative of colonial Australian society: examining settler and indigenous culture." RMIT University. Education, 2009. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20091104.102857.
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This exegesis covers a period of research and art practice spanning from 2004 to 2007. I have combined visual arts with theoretical research practice that considers the notion of Australian colonialism via a post colonial construct. I have questioned how visual arts can convey various conditions relationships between settler and Indigenous cultures and in doing so have drawn on both personal art practice and the works of Australian artists of the 19th and 20th centuries. These references demonstrate an ongoing examination of black and white relations portrayed in art, ranging from the drawings of convict artist, Joseph Lycett, through to the post federation stance of Margaret Preston, whose works expressed a renewal of interest in Indigenous culture. In applying a research approach, I have utilised a Narrative Enquiry methodology with a comparative paradigm within a Creative Research framework, which allows for various interpretations of my themes through both text and visuals. These applications also express a personal view that has been formed from family and workplace experiences. These include cultural influences from my settler family history and settler historical events in general juxtaposed with an accumulated knowledge base that has evolved from my personal and professional experience within Indigenous arts and education. I have also cited examples from Australian colonial and postcolonial art and literature that have influenced the development of my visual language. These include applying stylistic approaches that incorporate various artistic aspects of figuration and the Picturesque and literal thematic mode based on satire and social commentary. Overall, my research work also expresses an ongoing and evolving process that has been guided and influenced by current Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australian postcolonial critical thinking and arts criticism, assisting within the development of my personal views and philosophies .This process has supported the formation of a belief system that I believe has matured throughout my research and art practices, providing a personal confidence to assert my own analytical stance on colonial history.
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Stead, Roberta E. "Towards a classification of Australian Aboriginal stone arrangements : an investigation of methodological problems with a gazetteer of selected sites." Thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/110256.
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A classification of Australian Aboriginal stone arrangements is
fundamental to the understanding of their function and social significance for
both Australian and world prehistory.
The implications of certain problems with the archaeological data for a
classification of arrangements, such as dating and inadequate reporting, are
discussed. Possible principles governing the mode of construction, design and
location of arrangements are investigated, and the criteria for classification
suggested.
A two-tier classification is proposed. On the first level, the technological
and morphological characteristics of discrete stone arrangements are
organised into classes. On the second level, the combination of arrangement
classes at any one site defines site types. 144 sites in four regions in New
South Wales are classified. Comparisons are made between classes and site
types within each region and across regions. Existing opinions about the
distribution of so-called 'simple' and 'complex' types are challenged.
An investigation of the relationship between classes or site types, and
other kinds of archaeological sites, such as rock art, reveals no perfect
correlations either within one region or across regions. It is proposed that any
governing principles are more likely to have operated at a local level,
reflecting such factors as local topography, beliefs and traditions, and
population density, rather than at a universal level.
The significance of a classification of stone arrangements for studies on
culture areas, and on complex Aboriginal hunter-gathering is discussed. Further
research is proposed with regard to the former. The construction and location
of many arrangements is regarded as evidence for a considerable investment of
time and energy in non-subsistence activities. It is suggested that these stone
arrangements are associated with the archaeological evidence identified by
Australian and overseas researchers, for an increasingly more complex stage in
the evolution of hunter-gatherers, in which ceremonial and ritual requirements
were paramount.
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Moulton, Emma. "Quantifying ‘blue carbon’ stocks in seagrass Posidonia australis and the impact of historical anthropogenic disturbance in Western Australia." Thesis, Moulton, Emma (2018) Quantifying ‘blue carbon’ stocks in seagrass Posidonia australis and the impact of historical anthropogenic disturbance in Western Australia. Honours thesis, Murdoch University, 2018. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/41932/.
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Recent research into coastal ecosystems have highlighted the importance of seagrass meadows in their ability to efficiently capture and store carbon into the sediment, however meadows are in decline. This study aims to identify local organic carbon stocks in the aboveground and belowground biomass of the species Posidonia australis whilst comparing effects of human disturbance. Mangles Bay in Cockburn Sound was chosen as a degraded bay indicated by high human use, such as boating and industrial effluent, while Shoalwater Bay was chosen due to its location in a marine sanctuary. A total of 32 samples across 2 bays were sampled in-meadow for meadow characteristics and core samples containing the whole plant and sediment. Three locations were collected for bare sediment outside the meadows of each bay. Samples were dried at 70°C and burnt at 400°C using loss on ignition method to determine carbon content. Organic carbon per hectare was found to be higher overall in Mangles Bay, with a substantial contribution from the carbon stored in the sediment (34.81 ±4.45 Mg Corg per ha). Aboveground biomass in both bays had higher overall percentage carbon than all other categories sampled. True detrital matter in Shoalwater Bay had significantly higher percent carbon and carbon per hectare (5.71 ±4.83 Mg Corg per ha) values. Percent carbon was also highest in the sediment at 2.5 m depth in both bays. Low flushing in Mangles Bay is thought be the primary cause of higher carbon content in the sediment, though it is not significantly higher (P = 0.337). Overall anthropogenic disturbance in each bay had little impact on current Posidonia australis meadow carbon stocks in the aboveground and belowground.
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Gandhi, Vidhu Built Environment Faculty of Built Environment UNSW. "Aboriginal Australian heritage in the postcolonial city: sites of anti-colonial resistance and continuing presence." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Built Environment, 2008. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/41460.
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Aboriginal Australian heritage forms a significant and celebrated part of Australian heritage. Set within the institutional frameworks of a predominantly ??white?? European Australian heritage practice, Aboriginal heritage has been promoted as the heritage of a people who belonged to the distant, pre-colonial past and who were an integral and sustainable part of the natural environment. These controlled and carefully packaged meanings of Aboriginal heritage have underwritten aspects of urban Aboriginal presence and history that prevail in the (previously) colonial city. In the midst of the city which seeks to cling to selected images of its colonial past urban Aboriginal heritage emerges as a significant challenge to a largely ??white??, (post)colonial Australian heritage practice. The distinctively Aboriginal sense of anti-colonialism that underlines claims to urban sites of Aboriginal significance unsettles the colonial stereotypes that are associated with Aboriginal heritage and disrupts the ??purity?? of the city by penetrating the stronghold of colonial heritage. However, despite the challenge to the colonising imperatives of heritage practice, the fact that urban Aboriginal heritage continues to be a deeply contested reality indicates that heritage practice has failed to move beyond its predominantly colonial legacy. It knowingly or unwittingly maintains the stronghold of colonial heritage in the city by selectively and often with reluctance, recognising a few sites of contested Aboriginal heritage such as the Old Swan Brewery and Bennett House in Perth. Furthermore, the listing of these sites according to very narrow and largely Eurocentric perceptions of Aboriginal heritage makes it quite difficult for other sites which fall outside these considerations to be included as part of the urban built environment. Importantly this thesis demonstrates that it is most often in the case of Aboriginal sites of political resistance such as The Block in Redfern, the Aboriginal Tent Embassy in Canberra and Australian Hall in Sydney, that heritage practice tends to maintain its hegemony as these sites are a reminder of the continuing disenfranchised condition of Aboriginal peoples, in a nation which considers itself to be postcolonial.
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Mengler, Sarah Elizabeth. "Collecting indigenous Australian art, 1863-1922 : rethinking art historical approaches." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.709014.
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North, MacLaren. "Protecting the past for the public good archaeology and Australian heritage law /." Connect to full text, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1602.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Sydney, 2007.<br>Title from title screen (viewed 25 March 2008). Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the Dept. of Archaeology, Faculty of Arts. Degree awarded 2007; thesis originally submitted 2006, corrected version submitted 2007. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print form.
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McGuire, Myles T. "Fruitful approaches: Queer Theory and Historical Materialism in contemporary Australian fiction." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2022. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/230862/1/Myles_McGuire_Thesis.pdf.
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"Fruitful approaches: Queer Theory and Historical Materialism in contemporary Australian fiction" investigates the application of Historical Materialist ontologies to gay-themed, contemporary Australian novels, examining these subjects through the lens of totality and reification.
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Penazzi, Leonardo. "The fellow (novel) ; and Australian historical fiction, debating the perceived past (dissertation)." University of Western Australia. School of Social and Cultural Studies, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0070.
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Novel The Fellow What is knowledge? Who should own it? Why is it used? Who can use it? Is knowledge power, or is it an illusion? These are some of the questions addressed in The Fellow. At the time of Australian federation, the year 1901, while a nation is being drawn into unity, one of its primary educational institutions is being drawn into disunity when an outsider challenges the secure world of The University of Melbourne. Arriving in Melbourne after spending much of his life travelling around Australia, an old Jack-of-all-trades bushman finds his way into the inner sanctum of The University of Melbourne. Not only a man of considerable and varied skill, he is also a man who is widely read and self-educated. However, he applies his knowledge in practical ways, based on what he has experienced in the
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Penazzi, Leonardo. "The fellow (novel) : and Australian historical fiction, debating the perceived past (dissertation) /." Connect to this title, 2007. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0070.
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Moran, Anthony F. "Imagining the Australian nation settler- nationalism and Aboriginality /." Click here for electronic access to document, 1999. http://dtl.unimelb.edu.au/R/U1L2H28HB18MC24L4CL743PII8DUPUQSDYN9NGAGLBXL8YA8BU-00451?func=results-jump-full&set_entry=000013.
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O'Donnell, David O'Donnell, and n/a. "Re-staging history : historiographic drama from New Zealand and Australia." University of Otago. Department of English, 1999. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070523.151011.
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Since the 1980s, there has been an increasing emphasis on drama, in live theatre and on film, which re-addresses the ways in which the post-colonial histories of Australia and New Zealand have been written. Why is there such a focus on �historical� drama in these countries at the end of the twentieth century and what does this drama contribute to wider debates about post-colonial history? This thesis aims both to explore the connections between drama and history, and to analyse the interface between live and recorded drama.
In order to discuss these issues, I have used the work of theatre and film critics and historians, supplemented by reference to writers working in the field of post-colonial and performance theory. In particular, I have utilised the methods of Helen Gilbert and Joanne Tompkins in Post-Colonial Drama: Theory, Practice, Politics, beginning with their claim that in the post-colonial situation history has been seen to determine reality itself. I have also drawn on theorists such as Michel Foucault, Linda Hutcheon and Guy Debord who question the �truth� value of official history-writing and emphasize the role of representation in determining popular perceptions of the past. This discussion is developed through reference to contemporary performance theory, particularly the work of Richard Schechner and Marvin Carlson, in order to suggest that there is no clear separation between performance and reality, and that access to history is only possible through re-enactments of it, whether in written or performative forms.
Chapter One is a survey of the development of �historical� drama in theatre and film from New Zealand and Australia. This includes discussion of the diverse cultural and performative traditions which influence this drama, and establishment of the critical methodologies to be used in the thesis. Chapter Two examines four plays which are intercultural re-writings of canonical texts from the European dramatic tradition. In this chapter I analyse the formal and thematic strategies in each of these plays in relation to the source texts, and ask to what extent they function as canonical counter-discourse by offering a critique of the assumptions of the earlier play from a post-colonial perspective. The potential of dramatic representation in forming perceptions of reality has made it an attractive forum for Maori and Aboriginal artists, who are creating theatre which has both a political and a pedagogical function. This discussion demonstrates that much of the impetus towards historiographic drama in both countries has come from Maori and Aboriginal writers and directors working in collaboration with white practitioners. Such collaborations not only advance the project of historiographic drama, but also may form the basis of future theatre practice which departs from the Western tradition and is unique to each of New Zealand and Australia. In Chapter Three I explore the interface between live and recorded performance by comparing plays and films which dramatise similar historical material. I consider the relative effectiveness of theatre and film as media for historiographic critique. I suggest that although film often has a greater cultural impact than theatre, to date live theatre has been a more accessible form of expression for Maori and Aboriginal writers and directors. Furthermore, following theorists such as Brecht and Brook, I argue that such aspects as the presence of the live performer and the design of the physical space shared by actors and audience give theatre considerable potential for creating an immediate engagement with historiographic themes. In Chapter Four, I discuss two contrasting examples of recorded drama in order to highlight the potential of film and television as media for historiographic critique. I question the divisions between the documentary and dramatic genres, and use Derrida�s notion of play to suggest that there is a constant slippage between the dramatic and the real, between the past and the present. In Chapter Five, I summarize the arguments advanced in previous chapters, using the example of the national museum of New Zealand, Te Papa Tongarewa, to illustrate that the �performance� of history has become part of popular culture. Like the interactive displays at Te Papa, the texts studied in this thesis demonstrate that dramatic representation has the potential to re-define perceptions of historical �reality�. With its superior capacity for creating illusion, film is a dynamic medium for exploring the imaginative process of history is that in the live performance the spectator symbolically comes into the presence of the past.
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Austin-Crowe, Marion V. "Katharine Susannah Prichard's Coonardoo : an historical study." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 1996. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/962.
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The focus of this thesis is Katharine Susannah Prichard's novel, Coonardoo ( 1929), and its capacity to provide a framework for the reconstruction of the historical situation in the North-West region of Western Australia during the period mid-1860s to late 1920s. The thesis has a dual purpose: to contextualise the novel in terms of the historical, political, ideological, and social situation; and to read the novel in ways which reveal its reconstruction of the wider historical context. My approach is a new historicist close reading of the text. Specific events or situations are scrutinised for their power to convey insights into the extra-textual situation. For example, the textualisation of the relationship between the white hero and the Aboriginal heroine leads to an exploration of attitudes to interracial sexual encounters in the period of the novel and in the author's contemporary milieu. Included in this work is an exposition of the various industries which contributed substantially to the economic development of the North-West region. These are treated in some depth in relation to their historical circumstances but with particular reference to textual events and situations. An important area of discussion is the social and economic situation which developed between the European settlers in the North-West and the indigenous population of the region. Particular reference is made to the displacement, subjugation and diaspora of the region's Aboriginal population. The pre-contact cultural and religious practices of the Aborigines of the North-West region, and the extent to which these patterns survived into the author's contemporary period, is investigated in the thesis. An appraisal is made of the author's claim that during her visit to the North-West in 1926, she directly observed the Aboriginal traditional forms represented in Coonardoo. Prichard's own socio-cultural and ideological position is explored in relation to the Aboriginal dimension in the novel. Especially relevant is the author's adherence to the theory of Social Darwinism and to the view, prevalent in her society, that the extinction of the Aborigines was imminent and inevitable. Prichard's novel is the starting point of an investigation into the social, economic and political background of the North-West region during the first sixty years of white settlement. The task of this thesis is to 'recover' the wider historical situation by reference to documents, journals, memoirs and newspapers of the period.
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Kabir, Nahid Afrose. "The Muslims in Australia : an historical and sociological analysis, 1860-2002 /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2003. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16997.pdf.
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Klaebe, Helen Grace. "Creative work: Onward bound: The first fifty years of Outward Bound Australia and Exegesis written component: Creatively writing historical non fiction." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2004. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16296/1/Helen_Klaebe_Thesis.pdf.
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Onward Bound: -- the first 50 years of Outward Bound Australia traces the founding and development of this unique, Australian, non-profit, non-government organisation from its earnest beginnings to its formidable position today where it attracts some 5,000 participants a year to its courses.
The project included interviewing hundreds of people and scouring archives and public records to piece together a picture of how and why Outward Bound Australia (OBA) developed -- recording its challenges and achievements along the way.
A mediated oral history approach was used among past and present OBA founders, staff and participants, to gather stories about their history. This use of oral history (in a historical book) was a way of cementing the known recorded facts and adding colour to the formal historical outline, while also giving credence to the text through the use of 'real' people's stories.
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Klaebe, Helen Grace. "Creative work: Onward bound: The first fifty years of Outward Bound Australia and Exegesis written component: Creatively writing historical non fiction." Queensland University of Technology, 2004. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16296/.
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Onward Bound: -- the first 50 years of Outward Bound Australia traces the founding and development of this unique, Australian, non-profit, non-government organisation from its earnest beginnings to its formidable position today where it attracts some 5,000 participants a year to its courses.
The project included interviewing hundreds of people and scouring archives and public records to piece together a picture of how and why Outward Bound Australia (OBA) developed -- recording its challenges and achievements along the way.
A mediated oral history approach was used among past and present OBA founders, staff and participants, to gather stories about their history. This use of oral history (in a historical book) was a way of cementing the known recorded facts and adding colour to the formal historical outline, while also giving credence to the text through the use of 'real' people's stories.
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Mays, Jennifer. "Australia's disabling income support system : tracing the history of the Australian disability income support system 1908 to 2007 : disablism, citizenship and the basic income proposal." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2012. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/59604/1/Jennifer_Mays_Thesis.pdf.
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The present study examined the historical basis of the Australian disability income support system from 1908 to 2007. Although designed as a safety net for people with a disability, the disability income support system within Australia has been highly targeted. The original eligibility criteria of "permanently incapacitated for work", medical criteria and later "partially capacitated for work" potentially contained ideological inferences that permeated across the time period. This represents an important area for study given the potential consequence for disability income support to marginalise people with a disability.
Social policy and disability policy theorists, including Saunders (2007, Social Policy Research Centre [SPRC]) and Gibilisco (2003) have provided valuable insight into some of the effects of disability policy and poverty. Yet while these theorists argued for some form of income support they did not propose a specific form of income security for further exploration. Few studies have undertaken a comprehensive review of the history of disability income support within the Australian context. This thesis sought to redress these gaps by examining disability income support policy within Australia. The research design consisted of an in-depth critical historical-comparative policy analysis methodology. The use of critical historical-comparative policy analysis allowed the researcher to trace the construction of disability within the Australian disability income support policy across four major historical epochs. A framework was developed specifically to guide analysis of the data. The critical discourse analysis method helped to understand the underlying ideological dimensions that led to the predominance of one particular approach over another. Given this, the research purpose of the study centred on:
i. Tracing the history of the Australian disability income support system.
ii. Examining the historical patterns and ideological assumptions over time.
iii. Exploring the historical patterns and ideological assumptions underpinning an alternative model (Basic Income) and the extent to which each model promotes the social citizenship of people with a disability.
The research commitment to a social-relational ontology and the quest for social change centred on the idea that "there has to be a better way" in the provision of disability income support. This theme of searching for an alternative reality in disability income support policy resonated throughout the thesis. This thesis found that the Australian disability income support system is disabling in nature and generates categories of disability on the basis of ableness. From the study, ableness became a condition for citizenship. This study acknowledged that, in reality, income support provision reflects only one aspect of the disabling nature of society which requires redressing. Although there are inherent tensions in any redistributive strategy, the Basic Income model potentially provides an alternative to the Australian disability income support system, given its grounding in social citizenship. The thesis findings have implications for academics, policy-makers and practitioners in terms of developing better ways to understand disability constructs in disability income support policy. The thesis also makes a contribution in terms of promoting income support policies based on the rights of all people, not just a few.
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Marchant, Sylvia, and srmarch@internode on net. "The Historical Traditions of the Australian Senate: the Upper House we Had to Have." The Australian National University. ANU College of Arts & Social Sciences, 2009. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20100723.095617.
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Abstract
This thesis examines the raison d�etre of the Australian Senate, the upper house of the Australian bicameral parliament, established in 1901. It explores the literature that might have influenced its establishment and structure, and the attitudes, ideals, experience and expectations of the men (and they were all men) who initiated its existence and designed its structure during the Federation Conventions of the 1890s. It goes on to study whether similar western and British influenced institutions were seen as models by the designers of the Senate, followed by an examination of its architecture, d�cor, and procedures, to determine the major influences at work on these aspects of the institution.
The study was undertaken in view of the paucity of studies of the history and role of the Senate in relation to its powerful influence on the Government of Australia. Its structure can allow a minority of Senators to subvert or obstruct key measures passed by the lower house and is a serious issue for Governments in considering legislation. Answers are sought to the questions of how and why it was conceived and created and what role it was expected to play. The study does not extend beyond 1901 when the Senate was established except to examine the Provisional Parliament House, opened in 1927, which realised the vision of the Convention delegates who determined that the Senate was the house we had to have.
The research approach began with an exhaustive study of the Records of the Federal Conventions of the 1890s, where the Constitution of Australia was drawn up, along with contemporary writings and modern comment on such institutions. A study of the men who designed the Senate was carried out, augmented with field visits to the Australian State Parliaments. Research was also conducted into upper houses identified by the delegates to the Australian Federal Conventions, to consider their influence on the design of the Senate.
The conclusion is that the Senate was deliberately structured to emulate the then existing British system as far as possible; it was to be an august house of review and a bastion against democracy, or at least a check on hasty legislation. The delegates showed no desire to extinguish ties with Great Britain and their vision of an upper house was modelled directly on the House of Lords. The vast majority of delegates had cut their teeth in colonial upper houses, which were themselves closely modelled on the Lords. To not establish a Senate would have been to turn their backs on themselves. The Senate then, is not a hybrid of Washington and Westminster: the influence of the United States was limited to the composition of the Senate and its name and mediated through the filter of its British heritage. The example of other legislatures was unimportant except where it solved problems previously experienced in the Colonial Councils and which might have otherwise occurred in the Senate. The Senate was the upper house we had to have; it was a decision that was taken before the delegates even met.
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Gow, John F. "The construction of hegemony a world-historical study of Australian politics and external relations 1932-1988 /." Nathan, Qld. : Division of Humanities, Griffith University, 1990. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20050905.162633/.
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Torok, Simon. "The development of a high quality historical temperature data base for Australia /." Connect to thesis, 1996. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00000699.
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Clayden, Judith M. "Contested power, identity and status : an historical case study of library paraprofessionals in Australia." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2008. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/201.
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After an initial Interrogation of the theory of professions and historical writing, this study examined three major phases in the development of professional and paraprofesslonal library occupations in Australia. The early professionalising phase from the 1930s onwards where the Australian Institute of Librarians took control of education for librarianship was analysed In detail. Issues crucial to the understanding of subsequent development included the inequalities of library provision and funding, publicised by the Munn-Pitt Report of 1935 and reiterated by a series of later international consultants; conflict and contestation between librarians from different areas of the library and information sector; a lack of occupational status and measures undertaken to imrrove that status In the face of an Increasing femlnisation of the workforce. In a move to improve the status of librarians, the senior university librarians who dominated the Association's educational processes decided graduate qualifications would be essential. Although the Institute and later Library Association of Australia had evinced little interest In the education of 'non professional' or 'subprofesslonal' library workers, staff shortages In a time of higher funding levels resulted In the Victorian Branch of the Association sponsoring the first library technicians' course in 1970. As similar courses became available, the Association acted to ensure portabllity of qualifications and to enforce uniform educational standards.
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Stefani, Monica. "The translation of Patrick White's The solid mandala into Brazilian Portuguese : an analysis based on social, historical and cultural aspects." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/156966.
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Esta tese apresenta e analisa excertos da minha tradução não publicada de The Solid Mandala, de Patrick White, em português brasileiro, considerando seus aspectos sóciohistóricos e culturais em três níveis: como tradutor, como revisor da tradução e como crítico literário. A teoria dos polissistemas de Itamar Even-Zohar é adotada para justificar a importância de (re)introduzir Patrick White como representante da Literatura Australiana em nosso sistema literário brasileiro por meio da tradução. Como suporte às capacidades necessárias para realizar a tarefa, o modelo de competências de Amparo Hurtado Albir é apresentado. Quanto aos aspectos culturais, a teoria dos itens específico-culturais de Javier Franco Aixelá é empregada. As traduções publicadas em francês, italiano e espanhol são contrastadas com a minha a fim de identificar inconsistências e/ou soluções, bem como chamar a atenção para desafios que não foram contemplados. A versão em português brasileiro é proposta por meio de excertos selecionados, com os três níveis estando em funcionamento durante o processo de revisão da tradução. Ao buscar fazer a obra de Patrick White ser redescoberta não somente no Brasil, mas também na América Latina e em outros países de língua portuguesa, por meio da tradução, esta tese oferece uma contribuição inédita aos Estudos de Tradução.<br>This dissertation presents and analyzes excerpts from my unpublished translation of Patrick White’s The Solid Mandala into Brazilian Portuguese considering its socio-historical and cultural aspects at three levels of reading: as a translator, as a revisor/proofreader of the translation and as a literary critic. Itamar Even-Zohar’s Polysystems Theory is adopted to justify the importance of (re)introducing Patrick White as a representative of Australian Literature into our Brazilian system via translation. Supporting the abilities necessary to perform the task, Amparo Hurtado Albir’s model of competences is presented. In regards to cultural aspects, Javier Franco Aixelá’s culture-specific items theory is used. The translations into French, German, Italian and Spanish are contrasted to mine, so as to identify inconsistencies and/or solutions and call attention to challenges which were not addressed. The version in Brazilian Portuguese is conveyed in this dissertation via selected excerpts, with the three levels being at work during the proofreading process of the translation. By attempting to make Patrick White’s oeuvre be rediscovered not only in Brazil, but also in South America and in other Portuguese-speaking countries, through translation, this dissertation presents an innovative contribution to Translation Studies.
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Gardos, Amy. "The historical archaeology of the Old Farm on Strawberry Hill : a rural estate 1827-1889, Albany, Western Australia." University of Western Australia. Archaeology Discipline Group, 2004. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2005.0032.
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This thesis presents the results of historical archaeological research at the Old Farm on Strawberry Hill in Albany, Western Australia. The site is an important colonial farm in Western Australia’s history; the location for the first farm in Western Australia (1827) and linked to many important individuals in the state’s colonial past. The site is owned and managed by the National Trust of Australia (W.A.) and is registered on both the West Australian, Heritage Council Register of Historical Places and the Australian Heritage Commission’s National Estate. Past historical and cultural biases had created an incomplete interpretation of this site that did not represent all social groups, including indentured servants, convict and Aboriginal labourers and women. The research has provided a holistic site interpretation that identified all social groups living and working on this site in the 1800s by analysing historical documents and archaeological excavated materials. The historical documentary record included both personal and official correspondence, diaries and drawings, as well as two valuable farm log books that documented the day to day events on the farm in the early to mid 1800s. The archaeological excavation was restricted to small area excavations in habitation areas still present on the site or in areas identified from 19th century surveyor maps. Both of these data sources were analysed to identify social and economic relationships, such as gender, status, class and ethnicity so that a comparison could be made between historical and archaeological data and a complementary interpretation created. The research was divided into three main periods of site occupation, firstly by convict gardeners during the government farm period from 1827 to 1832. The Spencer family period from 1833 to 1889, which is further defined by two phases, the six years from their arrival until Richard Spencer’s death in 1839 and the dispersal of the family and the property decline until it was sold in 1889. The third period of occupation by the Bird family was not discussed due to the discontinuation of a farming subsistence that distinguished it from a rural rather than an urban property. This study provides the current heritage managers with an updated interpretation of the site’s past and changing social and economic relationships on site and with the early town of Albany. It is hoped that this interpretation will be used to improve the site’s current representation and becomes the basis for a heritage conservation plan which not only recognises the importance of existing site structures, but also sub surface remains. This thesis also identifies a number of avenues for future research that will further enhance the site’s interpretation.
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Piercey, Carol Ann. "Nurse education in Western Australia from 1962-1975: A historical perspective of influences and changes." Thesis, Curtin University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1886.
Full textAbstract:
National trends in nurse education have changed from the Nightingale system of on-the-job training to a professional preparation in institutions of higher learning. Western Australia was one of the first States in Australia to commence a professional preparation of nurses at an institution of higher education in 1975. Graduates of the program were presented with their Bachelor of Applied Science from the Western Australian Institute of Technology (now Curtin University of Technology), in March 1979. This thesis seeks to answer the question concerning the genesis of such an event. The focus of the study is primarily to follow the progress of general nurse education in Western Australia and to highlight the accompanying influences that shaped its development. The purpose of this study was to explore, analyse, interpret and describe the history of nurse education in Western Australia from 1962-1975. The study used a pluralistic approach employing a variety of historical methods. The research commenced with broad questions and ideas developed from documents and people. The process of data collection, historical criticism and analysis took place simultaneously. The synthesis was written as a chronological narrative. The material of the study thus 'spoke' for itself by providing answers to questions raised during the investigation. The history of nurse education from 1962 to 1975 revealed visible milestones that represented nurse education reform. Beginning from the antecedents of the study these were the sanctioning of a review of nurse training in 1960 together with the commencement of the Western Australian Nursing Survey and the appointment of the Nurses Registration Board Education Officer. In 1962 the survey was completed.It exposed the deficits of nurse training which led to the development of a new Hospital Based Diploma curriculum and an Associate Diploma in Nursing in 1966. The establishment of the College of Nursing Australia Western Australian Branch in 1966 paved the way to solve the shortage of tutors to implement the Hospital Based Diploma. The Nurses Act in 1970 enhanced the plans for implementing the Hospital Based Diploma and conferred autonomy to the Nurses Registration Board. In 1973 the first independent school of nursing came into being. The Western Australian School of Nursing carried the hopes of a continuation of hospital nurse training. In 1974, however, the entry of students to the Western Australian Institute of Technology School of Nursing saw a turn of events that led to a degree for nurses in 1975 and a decision for the transfer of all nurse education in Western Australia to the Western Australian Institute of Technology. These milestones did not emerge as an accident of history. There were forces that facilitated and impeded the perceptibility of the reform landmarks. These were crucial in the shaping the history of nurse education in Western Australia from 1962-1975.
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Dömötör, Ildikó. "Gentlewomen in the bush : a historical interpretation of British women's personal narratives in nineteenth-century rural Australia." Monash University, School of Political and Social Inquiry, 2004. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/5283.
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Wesson, Sue C. 1955. "The Aborigines of eastern Victoria and far south-eastern New South Wales, 1830-1910 : an historical geography." Monash University, School of Geography and Environmental Science, 2002. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/8708.
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Smith, Charlotte H. F. "The house enshrined : great man and social history house museums in the United States and Australia /." Online version, 2002. http://bibpurl.oclc.org/web/24545.
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Amery, Rob. "Warrabarna Kaurna : reclaiming Aboriginal languages from written historical sources : Kaurna case study /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09pha512.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Linguistics, 1998.<br>Vol. 2 consists of unpublished or not readily available papers and miscellaneous material referred to in vol. 1. Includes historical material and Kaurna language texts. Includes bibliographical references (47 p. ).
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Brassard-Dion, Nikola. "The Small Worlds of Multiculturalism: Tracing Gradual Policy Change in the Australian and Canadian Federations." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/41197.
Full textAbstract:
Competing narratives on the “rise and fall of multiculturalism” (Kymlicka 2010) confuse our understanding of the evolution of multiculturalism policy, particularly in the case of federations like Canada and Australia. Part of the issue is the sharp separation between stability and change and prevailing focus on national multiculturalism policies. This overlooks important and simultaneous developments in the constituent units of these two federations. We therefore ask how and why have multiculturalism policies changed in the constituent units of Australia and Canada? First, we argue that amid a noticeable decline in support for multiculturalism on the part of the central government in both countries, constituent unit governments have become a crucial source of multiculturalism policy development in Australia and Canada. Because many of the economic, labour, civil rights and social policy challenges involve state/provincial or shared responsibilities, multiculturalism policies are developed and implemented in large part by constituent units. Thus, we cannot comment on multiculturalism policies in federations without paying attention to the experiences and contributions of constituent units. Second, we argue this process of multiculturalism policy change can be conceptualized along four modes of gradual institutional change referred to as policy drift, layering, displacement, and conversion. These incremental modes of policy change are the result of a distinct combination of contextual, structural, and agency-based factors. More precisely, (1) a shift in the socio-political context marks the opening of a critical juncture as new ideas and demands for reform emerge; (2) institutional rules with separate compliance and enforcement standards structure reform pathways; and (3) the relationship between policy and political entrepreneurship activates the causal mechanisms that consolidate the separate modes of gradual institutional change. The dissertation therefore offers a more complete theoretical explanation of the processes of institutional change, their ideational influences and causal mechanisms through fresh empirical observation. Building on Mahoney and Thelen’s (2010) theory on gradual institutional change, the dissertation applies a process-tracing method over the period 1989 to 2019 to four case studies: Nova Scotia, South Australia, New South Wales, and British Columbia. In sum, generating inquiry that looks beyond national policies allows us to capture concurrent processes happening within and across State/provincial boundaries, which in turn shape their shared citizenship.
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Baker, Gabrielle A. "Gifted adolescent wellbeing: An Australian case study." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2018. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/118724/1/Gabrielle_Baker_Thesis.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
A case study approach was adopted in this research to explore the wellbeing of gifted adolescents who participated in a two year immersion class. Qualitative evidence supported ability-grouping to compact three years' curriculum into two while incorporating social-emotional skills. Vignettes of challenges beyond the safety of the class however, revealed changed behavior that influenced student development and identity. A whole-of-school approach to wellbeing was recommended to foster a shared ethos of inclusive practice and empathy. Insight from the research has global significance for gifted adolescent wellbeing.
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Blaser, Andrea. "Sustainability gap : a case study of Olympic development in Sydney, Australia and Beijing, China /." Connect to title online (Scholars' Bank) Connect to title online (ProQuest), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/8479.
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Kongridhisuksakorn, Prangtip. "Community development in historical perspectives Tianjin from the Qing to the People's Republic of China /." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3315919.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of History, 2008.<br>Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on May 7, 2009). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-07, Section: A, page: 2835. Advisers: Jeffrey Wasserstrom; Lynn Struve.
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Tynan, R. W. "Stocking limits for South Australian pastoral leases : historical background and relationship with modern ecological and management theory." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AS/09ast987.pdf.
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McGuire, Anthony. "Pupil teachers and junior teachers in South Australian schools 1873-1965 : an historical and humanistic sociological analysis /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1999. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phm148.pdf.
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de, Bruyn Mark. "Inferring biogeography from the evolutionary history of the giant freshwater prawn (macrobrachium rosenbergii)." Queensland University of Technology, 2006. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16215/.
Full textAbstract:
The discipline of historical biogeography seeks to understand the contribution of earth history to the generation of biodiversity. Traditionally, the study of historical biogeography has been approached by examining the distribution of a biota at or above the species level. While this approach has provided important insights into the relationship between biological diversity and earth history, a significant amount of information recorded below the species level (intraspecific variation), regarding the biogeographical history of a region, may be lost. The application of phylogeography - which considers information recorded below the species level - goes some way to addressing this problem. Patterns of intraspecific molecular variation in wide-ranging taxa can be useful for inferring biogeography, and can also be used to test competing biogeographical hypotheses (often based on the dispersal-vicariance debate). Moreover, it is argued here that phylogeographical studies have recently begun to unite these two disparate views, in the recognition that both dispersal and vicariance have played fundamental roles in the generation of biodiversity. Freshwater dependent taxa are ideal model organisms for the current field of research, as they reflect well the underlying biogeographical history of a given region, due to limited dispersal abilities - their requirement for freshwater restricts them. To this end, this study documented the phylogeographical history of the giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) utilising both mitochondrial (COI & 16S) and nuclear (microsatellite) markers. Samples (n = ~1000) were obtained from across most of the natural distribution of M. rosenbergii [Southern and South East (SE) Asia, New Guinea, northern Australia]. Initial phylogenetic analyses identified two highly divergent forms of this species restricted to either side of Huxley's extension of Wallace's Line; a pattern consistent with ancient vicariance across the Makassar Strait. Subsequent analyses of molecular variation within the two major clades specifically tested a number of biogeographical hypotheses, including that: 1.) a major biogeographical transition zone between the Sundaic and Indochinese biotas, located just north of the Isthmus of Kra in SE Asia, results from Neogene marine transgressions that breached the Isthmus in two locations for prolonged periods of time; 2.) Australia's Lake Carpentaria [circa 80 000 - 8 500 before present (BP)] facilitated genetic interchange among freshwater organisms during the Late Pleistocene; 3.) sea-level fluctuations during the Pleistocene constrained evolutionary diversification of M. rosenbergii within the Indo-Australian Archipelago (IAA); and 4.) New Guinea's Fly River changed course from its current easterly outflow to flow westwards into Lake Carpentaria during the Late Pleistocene. The results support hypotheses 1-3, but not 4. The potential for phylogeography to contribute significantly to the study of historical biogeography is also discussed.
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De, Bruyn Mark. "Inferring biogeography from the evolutionary history of the giant freshwater prawn (macrobrachium rosenbergii)." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2006. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16215/1/Mark_de_Bruyn_Thesis.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
The discipline of historical biogeography seeks to understand the contribution of earth history to the generation of biodiversity. Traditionally, the study of historical biogeography has been approached by examining the distribution of a biota at or above the species level. While this approach has provided important insights into the relationship between biological diversity and earth history, a significant amount of information recorded below the species level (intraspecific variation), regarding the biogeographical history of a region, may be lost. The application of phylogeography - which considers information recorded below the species level - goes some way to addressing this problem. Patterns of intraspecific molecular variation in wide-ranging taxa can be useful for inferring biogeography, and can also be used to test competing biogeographical hypotheses (often based on the dispersal-vicariance debate). Moreover, it is argued here that phylogeographical studies have recently begun to unite these two disparate views, in the recognition that both dispersal and vicariance have played fundamental roles in the generation of biodiversity.
Freshwater dependent taxa are ideal model organisms for the current field of research, as they reflect well the underlying biogeographical history of a given region, due to limited dispersal abilities - their requirement for freshwater restricts them. To this end, this study documented the phylogeographical history of the giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) utilising both mitochondrial (COI & 16S) and nuclear (microsatellite) markers. Samples (n = ~1000) were obtained from across most of the natural distribution of M. rosenbergii [Southern and South East (SE) Asia, New Guinea, northern Australia]. Initial phylogenetic analyses identified two highly divergent forms of this species restricted to either side of Huxley's extension of Wallace's Line; a pattern consistent with ancient vicariance across the Makassar Strait. Subsequent analyses of molecular variation within the two major clades specifically tested a number of biogeographical hypotheses, including that: 1.) a major biogeographical transition zone between the Sundaic and Indochinese biotas, located just north of the Isthmus of Kra in SE Asia, results from Neogene marine transgressions that breached the Isthmus in two locations for prolonged periods of time; 2.) Australia's Lake Carpentaria [circa 80 000 - 8 500 before present (BP)] facilitated genetic interchange among freshwater organisms during the Late Pleistocene; 3.) sea-level fluctuations during the Pleistocene constrained evolutionary diversification of M. rosenbergii within the Indo-Australian Archipelago (IAA); and 4.) New Guinea's Fly River changed course from its current easterly outflow to flow westwards into Lake Carpentaria during the Late Pleistocene. The results support hypotheses 1-3, but not 4. The potential for phylogeography to contribute significantly to the study of historical biogeography is also discussed.
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Piercey, Carol Ann. "Nurse education in Western Australia from 1962-1975 : a historical perspective of influences and changes /." Curtin University of Technology, School of Nursing and Midwifery, 2002. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=12685.
Full textAbstract:
National trends in nurse education have changed from the Nightingale system of on-the-job training to a professional preparation in institutions of higher learning. Western Australia was one of the first States in Australia to commence a professional preparation of nurses at an institution of higher education in 1975. Graduates of the program were presented with their Bachelor of Applied Science from the Western Australian Institute of Technology (now Curtin University of Technology), in March 1979. This thesis seeks to answer the question concerning the genesis of such an event. The focus of the study is primarily to follow the progress of general nurse education in Western Australia and to highlight the accompanying influences that shaped its development. The purpose of this study was to explore, analyse, interpret and describe the history of nurse education in Western Australia from 1962-1975. The study used a pluralistic approach employing a variety of historical methods. The research commenced with broad questions and ideas developed from documents and people. The process of data collection, historical criticism and analysis took place simultaneously. The synthesis was written as a chronological narrative. The material of the study thus 'spoke' for itself by providing answers to questions raised during the investigation. The history of nurse education from 1962 to 1975 revealed visible milestones that represented nurse education reform. Beginning from the antecedents of the study these were the sanctioning of a review of nurse training in 1960 together with the commencement of the Western Australian Nursing Survey and the appointment of the Nurses Registration Board Education Officer. In 1962 the survey was completed.<br>It exposed the deficits of nurse training which led to the development of a new Hospital Based Diploma curriculum and an Associate Diploma in Nursing in 1966. The establishment of the College of Nursing Australia Western Australian Branch in 1966 paved the way to solve the shortage of tutors to implement the Hospital Based Diploma. The Nurses Act in 1970 enhanced the plans for implementing the Hospital Based Diploma and conferred autonomy to the Nurses Registration Board. In 1973 the first independent school of nursing came into being. The Western Australian School of Nursing carried the hopes of a continuation of hospital nurse training. In 1974, however, the entry of students to the Western Australian Institute of Technology School of Nursing saw a turn of events that led to a degree for nurses in 1975 and a decision for the transfer of all nurse education in Western Australia to the Western Australian Institute of Technology. These milestones did not emerge as an accident of history. There were forces that facilitated and impeded the perceptibility of the reform landmarks. These were crucial in the shaping the history of nurse education in Western Australia from 1962-1975.
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Johnson, Christopher. "Modern and historical data identify sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus) habitat offshore of south-western Australia." Thesis, Johnson, Christopher (2013) Modern and historical data identify sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus) habitat offshore of south-western Australia. Masters by Coursework thesis, Murdoch University, 2013. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/31750/.
Full textAbstract:
The distribution and use of pelagic habitat by sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) is generally poorly understood in Western Australia. However, a variety of data are becoming available via online portals where records of historical expeditions, commercial whaling operations, and modern scientific research voyages can now be accessed. Crowdsourcing these online data allows collation of presence-only information of offshore animals such as sperm whales and provides a valuable tool to help augment areas of poor research effort and fill in the gaps. Four data sources were examined, the primary one being the Voyage of the Odyssey expedition, a five-year global study of sperm whales and ocean pollution. From December 2001-May 2002, researchers surveyed 5200 nautical miles off Western Australia including historical whaling grounds off Albany and the Perth Canyon, an area previously known for pygmy blue whale distribution, using acoustic techniques and obtained 57 tissue biopsies. To augment areas not surveyed by the RV Odyssey, historical Yankee whaling data, commercial whaling data, and citizen science reports of sperm whale sightings were used. Using Maxent, a species distribution modeling tool, we found that the submarine canyons off Albany and Perth provide important habitat for sperm whales. Recent management measures implemented by the Australian government in this region were evaluated with respect to the sperm whale distribution model and only 1.8% of their predicted habitat occurs within a designated IUCN marine protected area restricting offshore activities.
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Silvano, Renato Azevedo Matias. "Etnoecologia e historia natural de peixes no atlantico (Ilha dos Buzios, Brasil) e pacifico (Moreton Bay, Australia)." [s.n.], 2001. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/315749.
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Orientador : Alpina Begossi<br>Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-29T02:30:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2001<br>Resumo: Pescadores artesanais geralmente exibem um conhecimento detalhado sobre a ecologia e o comportamento dos peixes. Estudos abordando a etnoecologia de peixes são relativamente escassos, especialmente os que comparam dados sobre mais de um país ou região. Os objetivos deste estudo foram: verificar o conhecimento etnoecológico de pescadores artesanais costeiros sobre espécies de peixes, com estudos de caso no Brasil e na Austrália e analisar as informações fornecidas pelos pescadores com base na literatura e pesquisa de campo abordando ecologia e história natural dos peixes. Na Ilha de Búzios (litoral Sudeste do Brasil), foram realizadas pesquisas enfocando tanto etnoictiologia como a história natural dos peixes. Segundo os estudos sobre comportamento alimentar dos peixes, o xaréu (Caranx latus, Carangidae) segue o bodião (Bodianus rufus, Labridae) durante o forrageio, consumindo peixes bentônicos que este último afugenta do substrato. A pirajica (Kyphosus incisor, Kyphosidae) apresenta uma variação tanto na dieta como no comportamento de forrageio, aparentemente relacionada ao tamanho: peixes menores consomem algas e crustáceos planctônicos, enquanto peixes maiores alimentam-se predominantemente de algas. Foram analisados o comportamento alimentar de dois pares de espécies de peixes simpátricas da Fanulia Pomacentridae, sendo um par da Ilha de Búzios (Oceano Atlântico), Abudefduf saxatilis e Stegastes fuscus, e um par de Heron Island (Grande Barreira de Corais, Austrália, Oceano Pacífico), A. whitleyi e S. apicalis. O comportamento exibido pelas espécies do mesmo gênero foi semelhante para os dois locais. Em cada local, as espécies de cada par diferiram quanto ao hábitat e L<br>Abstract: Artisanal fishers show a detailed knowledge about fish ecology and behavior. Studies addressing the ethnoecology of fishes are relatively scarce, especially those comparing data from distinct regions or countries. The aiIDS of this study were: to access the local ecological knowledge mantained by coastal marine artisanal fishers about fish species, through case studies in Brazil and Australia; to analize the information provided by fishers using literature and field research about fish natural history and ecology. I studied both the ethnoichtyology and natural history of fishes at Búzios Island (southeastem Brazilian coast). According to the studies about fish feeding behavior, the jack (Caranx latus, Carangidae) follows the wrasse (Bodianus rufus, Labridae) while foraging. The former fish species preys on benthonic fish that the second drive away trom the substrate. The drummer (Kyphosus incisor, Kyphosidae) shows a size-related variation, both in diet and feeding behavior: smaller fishes eat algae and planktonic crustaceans, while larger fishes eat mostly algae. I compared the feeding behavior of two sympatric fish species pairs belonging to the Family Pomacentridae, one pair from Búzios Island (Atlantic Ocean) Abudefduf saxatilis and Stegastes fuscus, and other one from Heron Island (Australian Great Barrier Reet, Pacific Ocean), A. whitleyi and S. apicalis. The behavior of species from the saroe genus was similar for both places. In each study site I observed differences regarding hábitat use and feeding behavior of sympatric species. Abudefduf fishes forage mainly at the water column, while Stegastes fishes feed over the rocky substrate, defending feeding territories and attacking other fishes. I verified the fishers knowledge through interviews, using questionnaires and fish photographs. At Búzios Island, interviews addressed aspects of the fishery, ecology and behavior of ten fish species, including species from distinct taxonomic and ecological groups. Búzios Island fishermen show a detailed knowledge regarding fish behavior and ecology. Such local ecological knowledge influences the fishing pratices, being in concordance with the observations derived from the ichthyologicalliterature and field research. I conducted an ethnoichthyological study among aboriginal fishers from the North Stradbroke Island, at the Australian coast, using the same methodology from the Brazilian study and addressing the fishery and natural history of the enchova! tailor (Pomatomus sa/tatrix, Pomatomidae), an important fish species to both Brazilian and Australian artisanal fishers. The information provided from Brazilian and Australian fishers about this fish species showed similarities and differences. The differences concem the hábitat and the reproduction of P. sa/tatrix. These may reflect the environmental conditions at the two places, as well as inter populational variations of this species reproduction period. The observed similarities regarding the diet and migratory behavior of P. saltatrix suggest the occurrence of global pattems refering to these aspects of P. saltatrix biology. Such pattems agree with observations from the ichthyologicalliterature. The results of this study show a potential utility of the fishers local ecological knowledge to subsidize fishery management plans and to increase the scientific knowledge about tropical marine fish species<br>Doutorado<br>Doutor em Ecologia
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Hazlewood, Roy Maxwell. "Characteristics and correlates of Anglican religiosity in the dioceses of Sydney and Newcastle an historical and sociological study /." Connect to thesis, 2008. http://adt.ecu.edu.au/adt-public/adt-ECU2008.0019.html.
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Peet, Jennifer L. "Institutional ethnography of Aboriginal Australian child separation histories : implications of social organising practices in accounting for the past." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/16457.
Full textAbstract:
How we come to know about social phenomena is an important sociological question and a central focus of this thesis. How knowledge is organised and produced and becomes part of ruling relations is empirically interrogated through an institutional ethnography. I do this in the context of explicating the construction of a public history concerning Aboriginal Australian child separations over the 20th century, and in particular as it arose in the 1990s as a social problem. Particular attention is given to knowledge construction practices around the Australian National Inquiry into the Separation of Aboriginal Children from Their Families (1996-1997) and the related Bringing Them Home Oral History Project (1998-2002). The once separated children have come to be known as The Stolen Generation(s) in public discourse and have been represented as sharing a common experience as well as reasons for the separations. Against the master narrative of common experience and discussion of the reasons for it, this thesis raises the problematic that knowledge is grounded in particular times and places, and also that many people who are differently related and who have experiences which contain many differences as well as similarities end up being represented as though saying the same thing. Through an institutional ethnography grounded in explicating the social organising activities which produced the Bringing Them Home Oral History Project, I examine how institutional relations coordinate the multiplicity and variability of people’s experiences through a textually-mediated project with a focused concern regarding the knowing subject, ideology, accounts, texts and analytical mapping. Through this I show how ruling relations are implicated in constructing what is known about the Aboriginal child separation histories, and more generally how experience, memory, the telling of a life and the making of public history are embedded in social organising practices.
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au, c. farag@optusnet com, and Christine Victoria Farag. "The anatomy of two medical archetypes : a socio-historical study of Australian doctors and their rival medical systems." Murdoch University, 2007. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20080625.134351.
Full textAbstract:
In this thesis it is argued that the migration of ideas and personnel from Britain to colonial Australia resulted in the reproduction of two distinctive medical archetypes, namely, the soldier/saviour and the generalist (family) physician and surgeon. These have been both conceptualised as ideal type carriers or expediters of two rival forms of medical professionalism. They each emerged in the modern era as institutional products of distinctive educational processes and work practices available for doctors in 19th and 20th century Britain and Australia. While Freidson (1988) asserts one of the problems of dealing with studies of professionalism is that researchers have failed to clearly define work patterns, he could be seen as being close to Foucault (1973) whose emphasis was on the different social spaces in which practitioners worked.
I show firstly that the career of the imperial army medical officer was revived in the 19th century so that in colonial contexts they could alternate between military and civilian servicing, especially as administrators and managers in public office. The soldier/saviour was also associated with the 19th century revival of Masonic and quasi-Masonic military and religious orders, consecrated by royal sovereigns and exported to Australia. In contrast, the Scottish pedagogues and other generalist doctors coming to Australia from Britain were influenced by Edinburgh Universitys Medical Facultys humanist traditions and design of the modern medical curriculum producing the generalist physician and surgeon who met community needs. Within wider imperial social relations, these generalist doctors were looked upon as dissenting or counter-hegemonic.
The aim of this thesis is to examine these archetypes in terms of their characteristics of rationalisation to analyse and understand their professional differences historically as well as in the contemporary period. The significance is that one does not often come across studies which specifically look at doctors within the same society in such terms. Furthermore, by locating them within wider hegemonic and counter-hegemonic social relations, links between ideas about medical professionalism and issues of human rights become evident. This follows the World Health Organizations directives to treat health or medical issues and human rights as a cross-cutting research activity. To my knowledge, no study has been undertaken in Australia of the background and impact of these different traditions.
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Farag, Christine Victoria. "The anatomy of two medical archetypes: a socio-historical study of Australian doctors and their rival medical systems." Thesis, Farag, Christine Victoria (2007) The anatomy of two medical archetypes: a socio-historical study of Australian doctors and their rival medical systems. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2007. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/48/.
Full textAbstract:
In this thesis it is argued that the migration of ideas and personnel from Britain to colonial Australia resulted in the reproduction of two distinctive medical archetypes, namely, the soldier/saviour and the generalist (family) physician and surgeon. These have been both conceptualised as ideal type carriers or expediters of two rival forms of medical professionalism. They each emerged in the modern era as institutional products of distinctive educational processes and work practices available for doctors in 19th and 20th century Britain and Australia. While Freidson (1988) asserts one of the problems of dealing with studies of professionalism is that researchers have failed to clearly define work patterns, he could be seen as being close to Foucault (1973) whose emphasis was on the different social spaces in which practitioners worked.
I show firstly that the career of the imperial army medical officer was revived in the 19th century so that in colonial contexts they could alternate between military and civilian servicing, especially as administrators and managers in public office. The soldier/saviour was also associated with the 19th century revival of Masonic and quasi-Masonic military and religious orders, consecrated by royal sovereigns and exported to Australia. In contrast, the Scottish pedagogues and other generalist doctors coming to Australia from Britain were influenced by Edinburgh University's Medical Faculty's humanist traditions and design of the modern medical curriculum producing the generalist physician and surgeon who met community needs. Within wider imperial social relations, these generalist doctors were looked upon as dissenting or counter-hegemonic.
The aim of this thesis is to examine these archetypes in terms of their characteristics of rationalisation to analyse and understand their professional differences historically as well as in the contemporary period. The significance is that one does not often come across studies which specifically look at doctors within the same society in such terms. Furthermore, by locating them within wider hegemonic and counter-hegemonic social relations, links between ideas about medical professionalism and issues of human rights become evident. This follows the World Health Organization's directives to treat health or medical issues and human rights as a cross-cutting research activity. To my knowledge, no study has been undertaken in Australia of the background and impact of these different traditions.
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Farag, Christine Victoria. "The anatomy of two medical archetypes : a socio-historical study of Australian doctors and their rival medical systems /." Farag, Christine Victoria (2007) The anatomy of two medical archetypes: a socio-historical study of Australian doctors and their rival medical systems. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2007. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/48/.
Full textAbstract:
In this thesis it is argued that the migration of ideas and personnel from Britain to colonial Australia resulted in the reproduction of two distinctive medical archetypes, namely, the soldier/saviour and the generalist (family) physician and surgeon. These have been both conceptualised as ideal type carriers or expediters of two rival forms of medical professionalism. They each emerged in the modern era as institutional products of distinctive educational processes and work practices available for doctors in 19th and 20th century Britain and Australia. While Freidson (1988) asserts one of the problems of dealing with studies of professionalism is that researchers have failed to clearly define work patterns, he could be seen as being close to Foucault (1973) whose emphasis was on the different social spaces in which practitioners worked.
I show firstly that the career of the imperial army medical officer was revived in the 19th century so that in colonial contexts they could alternate between military and civilian servicing, especially as administrators and managers in public office. The soldier/saviour was also associated with the 19th century revival of Masonic and quasi-Masonic military and religious orders, consecrated by royal sovereigns and exported to Australia. In contrast, the Scottish pedagogues and other generalist doctors coming to Australia from Britain were influenced by Edinburgh University's Medical Faculty's humanist traditions and design of the modern medical curriculum producing the generalist physician and surgeon who met community needs. Within wider imperial social relations, these generalist doctors were looked upon as dissenting or counter-hegemonic.
The aim of this thesis is to examine these archetypes in terms of their characteristics of rationalisation to analyse and understand their professional differences historically as well as in the contemporary period. The significance is that one does not often come across studies which specifically look at doctors within the same society in such terms. Furthermore, by locating them within wider hegemonic and counter-hegemonic social relations, links between ideas about medical professionalism and issues of human rights become evident. This follows the World Health Organization's directives to treat health or medical issues and human rights as a cross-cutting research activity. To my knowledge, no study has been undertaken in Australia of the background and impact of these different traditions.
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Dovale, Madeline J. "Postwar japan's hybrid modernity of in-betweenness| Historical, literary, and social perspectives." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1527481.
Full textAbstract:
<p> This thesis explores Japanese society through the lens of cultural hybridity and liminality to understand the shift towards nonconformity and hyper-individualism among post-postwar Japanese. This shift reflects an important point in Japan's transculturation process whereby post-postwar Japanese have developed a cultural hybridity of inbetweenness (liminality) juxtaposing their native Japaneseness (<i>wakon</i>) against their adopted Westernness (<i>y<span style="text-decoration:overline"> o</span>kon</i>). This <i> wakon-y<span style="text-decoration:overline">o</span>kon </i> hybrid construct is posing a challenge to Japan's longstanding hybrid modernity philosophy of <i>wakon-y<span style="text-decoration:overline"> o</span>sai</i> (Japanese spirit- Western things), which perpetuated the pre-modern core values and collectivist ethics of Japaneseness for nearly 150 years below its façade of Western modernity. The dilemma inherent in Japan's <i>wakon-y<span style="text-decoration:overline"> o</span>kon</i> in-betweenness is foreshadowed in the pioneering works of Abe K<span style="text-decoration:overline">o</span>b<span style="text-decoration:overline"> o</span> and Murakami Haruki, who both illuminated the conflicting juxtaposition of the core values and ethics of Japaneseness (wakon) and <i>seken</i>-Other (the jury-surrounding- the-Self) against the pursuit of the individualist ethics of Westernness (y<span style="text-decoration:overline"> o</span>kon) and Selfhood (<i> shutaisei)</i> within their imaginaries. </p>
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Worthy, Mary, and n/a. "An historical examination of the negotiation processes for a treaty between Aboriginal people and the Australian government set within the political context." University of Canberra. Administrative Studies, 1988. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20061110.170642.
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Calvert, John David. "Douglas Pike (1908-1974) : South Australian and Australian historian." 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/51170.
Full textAbstract:
Douglas Henry Pike was born in China in 1908, the second of five children, whose Australian parents were missionaries with a Protestant interdenominational faith mission, the China Inland Mission. Following graduation from an English style mission boarding school at Chefoo in northern China, Pike came to Melbourne in 1924; and from 1926 spent twelve years jackerooing on various New South Wales country properties. He returned to Melbourne in 1938, trained for the ministry in a Churches of Christ College, graduated in November 1941, married Olive Hagger and was sent to Adelaide. During pastorates at Colonel Light Gardens and Glenelg he studied at the University of Adelaide for his BA. He achieved History Honours, resigned from the ministry, taught briefly in Adelaide and at the University of Western Australia then returned to Adelaide as Reader from 1950 to 1960. Pike obtained his MA, then the D. Litt. for Paradise of Dissent, a history of South Australia. During the 1950s he wrote a series of newspaper articles, ‘Early Adelaide with the lid off’. Douglas Pike (1908-1974) South Australian and Australian Historian. In 1960 he was appointed to the Chair of History at the University of Tasmania and published his second book, Australia: The Quiet Continent. In 1964 he moved to the Australian National University and commenced his pioneering task as founding editor of the Australian Dictionary of Biography. Therefore the most significant period of his working life in history and historiography covers the years from 1948 until his sudden illness in November 1973, and death in May 1974. The Second World War at first slowed but then stimulated the teaching and writing of history in Australia. Pike commenced his university studies during the war; his research and writing followed in the post-war period. His years in academia witnessed the establishment between 1946 and 1958 of four more universities in Australia, including the ANU, where he spent the last ten years of his life. However, apart from book reviews, obituaries in newspapers and journals, biographical paragraphs and the ADB, Pike’s contribution and significance to Australian historiography has been largely neglected. My thesis is based on personal interviews and correspondence with people who knew Douglas Pike, including family members, together with archival material from the Australian National Library and the universities where Pike worked. Printed sources include newspapers, journals, and Pike’s own published writings.<br>http://proxy.library.adelaide.edu.au/login?url= http://library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=1347424<br>Thesis (M.A.) - University of Adelaide, School of History and Politics, 2008
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Calvert, John David. "Douglas Pike (1908-1974) : South Australian and Australian historian." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/51170.
Full textAbstract:
Douglas Henry Pike was born in China in 1908, the second of five children, whose
Australian parents were missionaries with a Protestant interdenominational faith mission,
the China Inland Mission. Following graduation from an English style mission boarding
school at Chefoo in northern China, Pike came to Melbourne in 1924; and from 1926 spent
twelve years jackerooing on various New South Wales country properties. He returned to
Melbourne in 1938, trained for the ministry in a Churches of Christ College, graduated in
November 1941, married Olive Hagger and was sent to Adelaide. During pastorates at
Colonel Light Gardens and Glenelg he studied at the University of Adelaide for his BA. He
achieved History Honours, resigned from the ministry, taught briefly in Adelaide and at the
University of Western Australia then returned to Adelaide as Reader from 1950 to 1960.
Pike obtained his MA, then the D. Litt. for Paradise of Dissent, a history of South
Australia. During the 1950s he wrote a series of newspaper articles, ‘Early Adelaide with
the lid off’.
Douglas Pike (1908-1974) South Australian and Australian Historian.
In 1960 he was appointed to the Chair of History at the University of Tasmania and
published his second book, Australia: The Quiet Continent. In 1964 he moved to the
Australian National University and commenced his pioneering task as founding editor of
the Australian Dictionary of Biography. Therefore the most significant period of his
working life in history and historiography covers the years from 1948 until his sudden
illness in November 1973, and death in May 1974.
The Second World War at first slowed but then stimulated the teaching and writing
of history in Australia. Pike commenced his university studies during the war; his research
and writing followed in the post-war period. His years in academia witnessed the establishment between 1946 and 1958 of four more universities in Australia, including the
ANU, where he spent the last ten years of his life. However, apart from book reviews,
obituaries in newspapers and journals, biographical paragraphs and the ADB, Pike’s
contribution and significance to Australian historiography has been largely neglected.
My thesis is based on personal interviews and correspondence with people who
knew Douglas Pike, including family members, together with archival material from the
Australian National Library and the universities where Pike worked. Printed sources
include newspapers, journals, and Pike’s own published writings.<br>Thesis (M.A.) - University of Adelaide, School of History and Politics, 2008
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Thompson, John. "Geoffrey Serle and his world : the making of an Australian historian." Phd thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/151807.
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