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Kiyasov, Sergey E. "British Enlightenment in the faces of their time: View from Russia of the 21st century." Izvestiya of Saratov University. New Series. Series: History. International Relations 21, no. 1 (March 25, 2021): 134–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1819-4907-2021-21-1-134-138.
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The review contains comments that were the result of acquaintance with a new book by Russian experts on the history of the British Enlightenment. The authors focused on the main representatives of several generations of this direction of philosophical thought. Their bright essays are based on attracting a wide range of sources and scientific literature. Readers will have the opportunity to expand their understanding of the work of British educational intellectuals.
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Brenner, Michael J., C. W. David Chang, Emily F. Boss, Julie L. Goldman, Richard M. Rosenfeld, and Cecelia E. Schmalbach. "Patient Safety/Quality Improvement Primer, Part I: What PS/QI Means to Your Otolaryngology Practice." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 159, no. 1 (July 2018): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0194599818779547.
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Patient safety/quality improvement (PS/QI) is the cornerstone of 21st-century health care. Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery is excited to provide a dedicated PS/QI primer. The overarching goal for this PS/QI series is to provide a comprehensive and practical resource that assists readers, authors, and peer reviewers in understanding PS/QI research, its unique methodology, and the associated reporting standards for trustworthy performance measures. The target audience includes resident and fellows, faculty from the private sector and academia, and allied health professionals. This inaugural primer reviews PS/QI background as it relates to otolaryngology practice. It explores the history, goals, and development of performance measurement. In addition, it highlights opportunities for integrating PS/QI into otolaryngology practice. Payers will drive patients to quality care based on outcomes. Otolaryngologists have a responsibility to embrace a culture of PS/QI. In doing so, we will define optimal, quality otolaryngology care through objective data and metrics.
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Vasiljeva, Elina, and Elvira Isajeva. "Contemporary Russian Literature in Latvia: Children’s Literature." Respectus Philologicus, no. 41(46) (April 15, 2022): 145–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/respectus.2022.41.46.115.
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Throughout the 20th century, Russian children’s literature in Latvia was a unique phenomenon. Against the background of the general trends of Soviet children’s literature, Latvian children’s literature (in both Latvian and Russian) developed in a space that was less constrained in respect of ideological censorship. 21st century children’s literature in Latvia is developing both taking into account the previous history and current trends. The article is devoted to the specific features of children’s literature in Russian, taking into account the general status of the Russian language as a foreign language and general trends in the socio-cultural space of Latvia. The study considers two main issues. First, it is a sociological analysis of the situation: an assortment of children’s books, the specifics of the school programme, awareness of contemporary Latvian and Russian children’s literature. On the other hand, the corpus of texts of contemporary children’s literature is studied, and an overview of the oeuvre of contemporary Latvian authors is presented. The material for literary analysis was the book by Vladimir Novikov, “The Mischief of the Obedient Martins”. In the course of the analysis, the specifics of the traditional children’s story, the cultural and historical context of the cross-border identity of the author and his potential readers, the specifics of the contemporary narrative, the identification of the concept “one’s own – other’s” were revealed.
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Pylypchuk, Oleh, Oleh Strelko, and Yulia Berdnychenko. "PREFACE." History of science and technology 10, no. 2 (December 12, 2020): 160–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.32703/2415-7422-2020-10-2-160-162.
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The year 2020, verging to a close, is one of the most difficult and hardest years in the life of mankind over the last century. Unfortunately, it is in the 20th year of each century for the last several hundred years that human civilization has been suffering from another global pandemic (to say nothing of local and regional pandemics)… Several pandemics of plague killed at least 300 million people, and the highest incidence in Europe occurred in 1720‒1722. In 1817‒1824, the First Cholera Pandemic spread across the world. One hundred years later, in 1918‒1920, fifty million lives worldwide were claimed by the Spanish flu (H1N1). For a year now, starting in December 2019 and throughout 2020, the entire world is fighting the 21st century pandemic – the global COVID-19 outbreak caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. Despite all the difficulties that humanity faces today, life goes on, and the world scientific community is persistently looking for ways to get out of the latest pandemic trap. The world has learned the lessons of pandemics and learned to use the acquired knowledge and scientific legacy of past generations. This led to a quick response to the challenges that life presents us. In December 2020, at this writing, several pharmaceutical companies have already announced the invention of vaccines and the final stages of their trials. We hope that our esteemed authors and readership will witness yet another victory of science over the world's evil. 10 years ago to the day, creation of the History of Science and Technology journal began. Therefore, we would like to summarize some of the work undertaken over the years. The first issue of History of Science and Technology was published in 2011. The founder of the journal was the State Economy and Technology University of Transport. State Economy and Technology University of Transport was one of the three universities in Ukraine that mainly trained specialists for the railway industry. It is the teachers, students and staff of the State Economy and Technology University of Transport who became the primary authors of the first journal issues. Therefore, in the first years after the journal was created, its focus on the study of the history of the development of railway transport and related areas was apparent. Back then the journal was titled History of Science and Technology: Collection of scientific papers of the State Economic and Technological University of Transport. Printed versions of the journal were regularly distributed in libraries of higher educational institutions and research institutions of Ukraine. The electronic version of the full-text issue of the journal (without division into separate articles) was posted on the University library website. Gradually, the journal began to gain popularity, and as far back as in 2013‒2015 it received a large audience of readers and authors across regions and organizations from all over Ukraine. Accordingly, the themes of the articles changed, being no longer limited to rail transport, but extended to the study of the history of all branches of science and various technologies instead. In 2016, the journal History of Science and Technology replaced its founder. It was the State University of Infrastructure and Technologies which was established through the decree of Ukrainian government dated February 29, 2016 by way of merger of two metropolitan higher educational institutions – Kyiv State Maritime Academy named after hetman Petro Konashevych-Sahaidachnyi and State Economy and Technology University of Transport. Accordingly, the name of the journal has changed into History of Science and Technology: Collection of scientific papers of State University of Infrastructure and Technologies. The next stage in the life of the journal was the creation of its separate website in March 2018. Since then, work has begun on a deeper reform of the journal, which continues to this day. History of Science and Technology journal is constantly changing. Thus, steps have been taken to improve the design of the journal and bring it into line with internationally recognized standards. The composition of the journal's editorial board has undergone significant personnel changes. In April 2019, it underwent state re-registration of the print media and acquired its current name – History of Science and Technology journal. However, fundamental steps have been taken towards filling the journal with original and high-qualty scientific content that would be of interest not only to the Ukrainian reader but also to foreign reader. Strict analysis in the selection of articles, strict plagiarism policy, independent double-blind peer review, as well as numerous other steps and innovations, have affected the number of published articles. If in 2019 approximately 25% of submitted articles were rejected, in 2020 this figure reaches almost 60%. Although hopefully, a change in quality of articles for the better followed the change in their number. They have really become interesting to the international world community, as evidenced by statistics on daily visits to the journal's website by representatives from around the world. The journal generated interest among authors from different countries and continents. In the first issue of History of Science and Technology for the year 2020, articles by authors representing universities and research organizations from Ghana, Canada, USA, Spain, Russia and Ukraine were published. Thus, in the second issue of 2020, History of Science and Technology journal introduces its readers to articles by authors from around the world, namely Azerbaijan, India, Indonesia, Italy, Spain and Ukraine. While summing up our 10 years’ work, we would like not to be limited to bare figures. Thus, History of Science and Technology has published 10 volumes and 17 issues over the years, which include more than 400 articles by various authors. And of course, each of these published articles has undergone a great deal of work by authors, editors, reviewers, proof-readers, print workers, etc. All these people primarily have always been trying to make History of Science and Technology journal interesting for you, our Readers! Our team will keep working enthusiastically and persistently on it!
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Rawnsley, Gary D. "Taiwan: A Political History. By Denny Roy. [Ithica, NY: Cornell University Press, 2003. xiii +255 pp. Hard cover £31.50, ISBN: 0-8014-4070-X; paperback £11.95, ISBN 0-8014-8805-2.]." China Quarterly 176 (December 2003): 1108–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741003350635.
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Anyone wishing to read a compelling and thorough history of Taiwan will do no better than turn in the first instance to Denny Roy's new volume. Its aspiration is simple: to trace the political development of Taiwan from Chinese outpost and contested European colony to 21st-century democracy. Applying a broad-brush approach, Taiwan is a careful synthesis of the published research with few surprises for the specialist, but the book will appeal most to the non-specialist and the student market.In the opening pages, the author sells short his contribution. This book, he promises, “examines selected events from the last several centuries . . . ,” but “more recent periods are studied in greater depth” (p. 2). In fact, the first 54 pages that analyse the history of Taiwan prior to the more familiar story of the island's return to rule by mainlanders are the most fascinating. In saying this, I do not intend to demean the remaining 200 pages – far from it, for Roy's account of the rise and fall of the Kuomintang is among the finest available. However, authors rarely allow their readers to appreciate the full impact of pre-1945 colonial (European, Chinese or Japanese) administration on Taiwan, though for Roy this is an essential part of the story. Without this historical context, it is impossible to understand fully the foundations of Taiwan's recent regime change.
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Markova, Tatyana N. "Fantasy in the Russian-Language Segment of Literature of Kazakhstan." Вестник Пермского университета. Российская и зарубежная филология 14, no. 3 (2022): 106–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2073-6681-2022-3-106-112.
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The turn of the 20th–21st centuries is characterized by highly intensive processes of national self-identification. An important role in this process is played by fantasy as a popular genre of popular literature. The study of Kazakh fantasy is of academic interest due to its popularity with readers, the dynamic transformation of the genre structure. The article demonstrates a wide genre spectrum of Kazakh fantasy books and their authors. In the novel Resurrecting Legends Timur Yermashev turns to the heroic page in the history of the Kazakhs – the Orbulak battle of the 17th century. Ilyaz Nurgaliyev consistently works with national myths and folklore images of the Turkic peoples. Azamat Baigaliev and Kira Nurullina write about aliens. Sabyr Kairkhanov in the format of urban fantasy (the novel Synchro) raises the question of the ambiguous role of the Semipalatinsk test site in the life of the Kazakhs. An example of the combination of children’s and adventure fantasy is the novel by Zira Naurzbayeva and Lily Kalaus In Search of the Golden Bowl: The Adventures of Batu and His Friends. Particularly popular are fantasy texts with plots based on the facts of national history, those resurrecting the heroes of Kazakhstani mythology, national traditions and customs. The themes and poetics of Kazakh fantasy are in line with the processes developing in modern prose, the nature of the transformation of the genre correlates with the changing readership. Fantasy readers are mainly representatives of a certain social and age group, those attracted by the topical issues raised – the growth of national self-consciousness – combined with an exciting adventurous plot. The entertaining genre of popular literature has taken on an important ideological function – to promote and shape the national identity of the Kazakhs in a situation of geopolitical changes.
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Karasik-Updike, Olga B. "Contemporary Jewish Prose in the USA." Literature of the Americas, no. 10 (2021): 100–134. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/2541-7894-2021-10-100-134.
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The essay presents an overview of Jewish American prose of the second half of the 20th — first two decades of the 21st century within the context of multicultural literature of the USA. The definition of Jewish literature remains a matter of debate. The author of the essay based on the opinions of critics concludes on the criterion for assigning a writer to Jewish literature. It is the artistic embodiment of the personal Jewish experience and identity in the works of literature, the view “from inside,” the perspective of collective memory and the connection to history and culture. Jewish literature today is one of the most developed ethnic segments of multicultural American literature. Writers under study are recognized throughout the world, their works have been translated into many languages, including Russian, they are known to readers and have already become the subject of study by literary scholars. Today, Jewish American literature is represented by two generations of writers. “Senior” generation includes the authors born in the 1920s–30s who began their literary careers in the 60s when there was a generational change in national literature. “Young” generation is represented by the writers who began their literary careers in the 2000s. On the example of the works of the most famous authors of both generations, the author of the essay talks about the factors determining the specific features of Jewish American prose and its characteristic themes, problems, and motives: the search for identity and roots, the representation and rethinking of the Holocaust, ethnic stereotypes, the image of the Jewish family, and the traditions of Jewish humor. The study of the works of modern Jewish writers in the United States allows us to draw conclusions about the display of border consciousness, national and ethnic identity, and collective memory in fiction.
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Mashevskyi, O. "UKRAINE IN EUROPEAN HISTORICAL PROCESSES. REVIEW OF THE MONOGRAPH MANUSCRIPT: Vidnianskyi, S. (Ed.). (2020). Ukraine in the History of Europe of the 19th – Early 21st Century: Historical Essays. A Monograph. Kyiv: Instite of History of Ukraine of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. History, no. 145 (2020): 85–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2640.2020.145.15.
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The chronological boundaries of the collective monograph cover a long historical period, which extends to the era of European Modernism and continues to the modern (current) history of European Postmodernism. The key thesis of the team of authors of the monograph is the idea of systemic belonging of Ukraine to European civilization as its component, which interacts with other parts of the system. The first chapter of the peer-reviewed collective monograph "European receptions of Ukraine in the XIX century" shows the reflection of the Ukrainian problem in the German-language literature of the first half of the XIX century, taking into account new archival document, the development of Ukraine’s relations with other Slavic peoples is traced, and the peculiarities of Ukrainian-Bulgarian relations are considered as a separate case study. An interesting paragraph of the collective monograph devoted to cultural, educational and scientific cooperation of Dnieper Ukraine with European countries. This information illustrates well how the Industrial Revolution radically changed the face of the planet, brought new scientific experience that gave room for the development of the capitalist system, and with them, the Industrial Revolution brought social problems, environmental disasters that still cannot be solved. Thomas Malthus (1766-1834) formulated the "iron law of wages", according to which workers can receive only a living wage. The second chapter of the collective monograph "The Ukrainian Question and Ukraine in the European History of the Twentieth Century" presents an integrated narrative of Ukrainian national history in the light of the European history of the two world wars and their consequences. The First World War, or the Great War, undoubtedly became a turning point in European history and, accordingly, in the national histories of European countries. The historical experience of the Ukrainian national liberation struggle of the Ukrainian people for the right to European development is covered in the paragraph of the collective monograph "Ukrainian Diplomatic Service 1917-1924". The vicissitudes of Stalin's industrialization and collectivization and their impact on the Ukrainian SSR's relations with European states in the 1920s and 1930s are highlighted in terms of continuity of ties with Europe. A separate regional example of the situation is covered on the example of the history of Transcarpathia on the eve of World War II. The third chapter of the collective monograph "Independent Ukraine in the European integration space" highlights the features of Ukraine's current positioning in Europe. After the collapse of the USSR, ideological obstacles to the development of globalization were overcome. The American political scientist F.Fukuyama in his work "The End of History" concluded the final victory of liberal ideology. This section of the peer-reviewed collective monograph also highlights the position of the international community on the Crimean referendum in 2014, analyzes the policy of Western European countries on the Ukrainian-Russian armed conflict on the example of the policy of Germany, France and Austria. The research result is a separate model of reality, which is reproduced with the help of a certain perception and awareness of the historian. In this sense, the author's team of the monograph has achieved the goal of creating a meaningful narrative that highlights the place of Ukraine at different stages of modern and postmodern European history. From the point of view of the general perception of the narrative offered to the reader, the authors of the collective monograph managed to harmonize individual stylistic features in a conceptually unified text, the meanings of which will be interesting to both professional historians and students and the general readership.
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Smith, Michael M. "21st Century Readers' Aids: Past History and Future Directions." Journal of Web Librarianship 2, no. 4 (December 2, 2008): 511–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19322900802473886.
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Whalen, Brian. "Introduction." Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad 9, no. 1 (August 15, 2003): vii—x. http://dx.doi.org/10.36366/frontiers.v9i1.112.
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This volume of Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad offers a wide variety of approaches and topics in international education research. First, readers will note the geographic diversity that the articles represent; they examine study abroad topics in Africa, Argentina, Costa Rica, France, Nepal, Thailand, and Vietnam. Second, the articles cover a wide-range of issues, including language acquisition, risk management, recruitment of minority students for study abroad, evaluation of cultural integration, and financial inequities in study abroad. Third, this volume contains articles by a variety of authors, including U.S.-based study abroad administrators, faculty members, and on-site resident directors. Finally, the modes of inquiry are as varied as the topics and authors. Research approaches in this volume include survey instruments, interviews, participant observation, case studies, literature review, as well as analytical essays.
This diversity of geography, issues, authors, and modes of inquiry has from the beginning characterized the content of Frontiers and been one of its chief strengths. When the first volume of Frontiers appeared in 1995, one was hard pressed to find many research-based and analytical studies in the field, let alone the diversity of such work that this volume represents. In this regard, Frontiers has matured along with the field of international education, and today, almost ten years later, this volume reflects the growing importance being placed on research on the critical aspects of our work.
The opening article by Lilli Engle and John Engle, “Study Abroad Levels: Toward a Classification of Program Types,” offers a revolutionary perspective by which international educators may categorize and judge study abroad programs. Their proposed typology makes qualitative distinctions between study abroad program models based on their view of a spectrum of cultural immersion. Frontiers readers will find their analysis provocative, stimulating study abroad professionals to examine programming in useful ways.
In “Women and Cultural Learning in Costa Rica: Reading the Contexts,” Adele Anderson reviews research on Costa Rica’s cultural context, student adjustment and tourism theory, relating them to American student experiences, and she includes data from ethnographic observations and interviews collected during three years as a resident director of short-term programs. Anderson introduces a tool that may be used by resident directors to guide student cultural adjustment more systematically.
Mark Ritchie, an on-site resident director in Thailand, provides a very useful analysis of study abroad risk management in his article, “Risk Management in Study Abroad: Lessons from the Wilderness.” Ritchie draws upon the principles of wilderness education, especially as it is conducted in developing countries, in offering recommendations for study abroad risk management. Readers will appreciate his suggestions for reducing risk by applying the experiential techniques of wilderness education.
J. Scott Van Der Meid’s study, “Asian Americans: Factors Influencing the Decision to Study Abroad,” examines the factors that influence Asian American students’ decision to study abroad, and provides useful suggestions for considering ways to increase study abroad participation among this population. As the field of study abroad continues to seek ways to increase minority participation in study abroad, Van Der Meid’s study offers a model for examining this question among all ethnic groups.
In their analysis of an innovative Vietnam study abroad program, “History Lived and Learned: Students and Vietnam Veterans in an Integrative Study Abroad Course,” Raymond Scurfield, Leslie Root, and Andrew Wiest et al, analyze the collaborative learning experience of students and Vietnam veterans in a program that combined the teaching of Vietnam culture and military history with an exploration of the mental health aspects of combat and post-war recovery of the veterans. This article discusses the lessons learned from the experience of designing and implementing a study abroad program that integrates history education with therapeutic objectives. Jennifer Coffman and Kevin Brennan analyze the economic imbalance of African educational exchange with the United States in their article, “African Studies Abroad: Meaning and Impact of America’s Burgeoning Export Industry.” Coffman and Brennan recommend developing more equitable models of reciprocity by examining the economics of U.S. – African exchanges, and by reconsidering the ways in which African study abroad programs are conceived and implemented in light of their social and intellectual impact.
“Development of Oral Communication Skills Abroad” by Christina Isabelli-Garcia examines the impact of a semester study abroad program in Argentina on the second language acquisition of three American university Spanish learners. Isabelli-Garcia’s study measures the development of two aspects of communications skills: first, fluency and performance in the oral functions of narration, and, second, description and supporting an opinion. Her study provides insight into the conditions of a study abroad program that best promote the acquisition of improved oral communication skills in a target language.
In “Studying Abroad in Nepal: Assessing Impact,” Patricia Farrell and Murari Suvedi present the perceived impact of studying in Nepal on students’ academic program, personal development, and intellectual development. Using a survey instrument as well as interviews and case studies, the authors link the reported outcomes to the objectives of the study abroad program.
We are pleased to include in this volume of Frontiers an essay by Patti McGill Peterson, “New Directions for the Global Century.” McGill Peterson’s analysis of the changing and challenging context for global education inspires us to meet the demands of the 21st century with determination, creativity, and enhanced global collaboration.
This volume of Frontiers concludes with reviews of books of interest to international educators, each relating to diverse intellectual foundations of the field: Jean-Philippe Mathy’s Extrême-Occident: French Intellectuals and America, Louis Menand’s The Metaphysical Club: A Story of Ideas in America, and First Great Triumph: How Five Americans Made Their Country a World Power by Warren Zimmermann. We encourage our readers to continue to suggest books of interest, and to submit reviews for consideration.
The update on the Forum on Education Abroad that appears at the back of this volume reflects the continuing fruitful collaboration between Frontiers and the Forum. Together with the Forum, Frontiers will continue to encourage and support research studies on study abroad topics, and to disseminate this research as widely as possible.
The next volume of Frontiers, due to be published in November, 2004, will be our tenth anniversary volume. It is appropriate that this anniversary volume will be a Special Issue that focuses on the assessment of the learning outcomes of study abroad, a topic that reflects the maturation of a field that is now beginning to document the results of its activity. Other Special Issues that are in the planning stages include: curriculum integration and study abroad, the arts and study abroad, and student development and study abroad.
Finally, I want to thank the new sponsors of Frontiers who, together with our existing sponsors, make the publication of this journal possible. The sponsors of Frontiers are institutions with a strong commitment to international education, and we are proud to be supported by them. The editorial board takes seriously its responsibility to provide the very best writing about and research on study abroad to our readers, and the support of our sponsors makes this mission possible.
Brian J. Whalen
Editor
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Нгуен, Тхи Хоан. "THE INFLUENCE OF F. M. DOSTOEVSKY’S NOVEL “CRIME AND PUNISHMENT” ON THE WORKS OF VIETNAMESE WRITERS." Bulletin of the Chuvash State Pedagogical University named after I Y Yakovlev, no. 3(112) (October 15, 2021): 60–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.37972/chgpu.2021.112.3.009.
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В статье впервые дано общее представление о влиянии «Преступления и наказания» Ф. М. Достоевского на творчество вьетнамских писателей на протяжении целого столетия. Автор обращает внимание, что роман «Преступление и наказание» занимает особое место в культурном пространстве Вьетнама, оказывая влияние на поэтику художественных произведений вьетнамских прозаиков, их мировоззренческие и эстетические ориентиры. В работе наглядно иллюстрируется процесс вхождения «Преступления и наказания» в культуру Вьетнама, который шел через творческую адаптацию романа. Автор отмечает, что сложные философские проблемы, которые поднимались в романе Ф. М. Достоевского, вызывали большой интерес у вьетнамских читателей, а у ряда вьетнамских писателей и стремление к подражанию. Исследование показало, что «Преступление и наказание» оказало заметное влияние не только на сюжет, идею художественных произведений, но и на языковой стиль многих известных вьетнамских романистов в ходе модернизации вьетнамской литературы. Интерес к роману великого русского писателя сохраняется сегодня на высоком уровне, что способствует развитию культурных связей между двумя народами. В статье делается вывод о незаменимой позиции романа «Преступление и наказание» в сердцах вьетнамских читателей. Научная новизна настоящего исследования определяется изучением творческой адаптации романа Ф. М. Достоевского в литературной практике вьетнамских художников слова на протяжении XX-XXI веков, а также обозначением различных линий в рецепции известного русского романа во Вьетнаме. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы на занятиях по истории русской и зарубежной литератур, будут интересны учителям-словесникам, а также всем увлеченным художественной литературой и культурой. The article for the first time gives a general idea of the influence of “Crime and Punishment” by F. M. Dostoevsky on the works of Vietnamese writers for a whole century. The author observes that the novel “Crime and Punishment” occupies a special place in the cultural space of Vietnam, influencing the poetics of the artistic works of Vietnamese prose writers, their ideological and aesthetic guidelines. The work clearly illustrates the process by which “Crime and Punishment” enters into the culture of Vietnam, which went through the creative adaptation of the novel. The author notes that the complex philosophical problems that were raised in the novel by F. M. Dostoevsky aroused great interest among Vietnamese readers, and a number of Vietnamese writers also had a desire to imitate. The study showed that “Crime and Punishment” had a noticeable impact not only on the plot, the idea of literary works, but also on the language style of many famous Vietnamese novelists during the modernization of Vietnamese literature. Interest in the novel of the great Russian writer remains today at a high level, which contributes to the development of cultural ties between the two peoples. The article concludes about the irreplaceable position of the novel “Crime and Punishment” in the hearts of Vietnamese readers. The scientific novelty of this study is determined by the study of the creative adaptation of the novel by F. M. Dostoevsky in the literary practice of Vietnamese authors during the 20th-21st centuries, as well as the designation of various lines in the reception of the famous Russian novel in Vietnam. The results of the research can be used in classes on the history of Russian and foreign literature, and will be of interest to teachers of literature as well as to all those who are interested in fiction and culture.
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Moreira, Ana Isabel, Luís Alberto Alves, and Pedro Duarte. "Teaching (History) in the 21st Century." Estudos Ibero-Americanos 48, no. 1 (October 24, 2022): e42928. http://dx.doi.org/10.15448/1980-864x.2022.1.42928.
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Contemporary thinking in Education must go beyond what is already known and feed on a utopian vision. Regardless of the contents, the change needs to happen, within the pedagogical practice above anything else: listening more and talking less; embracing new perspectives and different readings from well-known authors; preparing our interlocutors (students) to face the unforeseen and the uncertainty with optimism. In Basic and Secondary Education, this circumstance assumes the characteristics of a historical thinking and a historical consciousness progressively more sophisticated and, therefore, coincident with a reading of the world desirably more complex and humanistic. In Higher Education, it is crucial that future teachers perceive the relevance of that attitude of change. Based on these contemporary educational potentialities and challenges, we intend to discuss possible paths to consider, today, a teaching of History that allows us to design new futures or other competencies.
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Vejlgaard, Henrik. "Depicting National Cultures: Comprehensiveness of 21st Century Travel Guidebooks." Tourism Culture & Communication 21, no. 3 (September 16, 2021): 167–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/194341421x16214600268131.
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Travel guidebooks play an important role in tourism as an information source. They not only give practical information but also cultural information. However, this latter aspect of guidebooks has barely been researched. Guidebook authors can choose to write about any aspects of a country's national culture, but we do not seem to know which aspects they chose to write about—that is, how comprehensive the guidebooks' depictions of culture are. In order to establish the comprehensiveness of contemporary guidebooks, a framework of cultural categories is developed based on theories about culture and intercultural communication. The method is content analysis of document data. In the empirical part of the study, three guidebooks about Denmark are examined quantitatively in order to establish how comprehensive their representation of the cultural values and cultural behavior categories of Denmark is. Based on the criteria set, travel guidebooks cannot be considered comprehensive. Readers should be aware that guidebooks only give a partial view of a destination's culture. With the increased availability of online hotel and restaurant resources for tourists, the publishers of travel guidebooks could expand the sections on national culture. This will increase readers' experiential value of the guidebooks and give guidebooks a competitive edge, whether the guidebooks are printed or digital.
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Suslov, A. B., and E. V. Shuiskaya. "RUSSIAN HISTORY OF THE 21ST CENTURY IN SCHOOL TEXTBOOKS." Вестник Пермского университета. История, no. 4(55) (2021): 56–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2219-3111-2021-4-56-68.
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The article analyzes how the problems of Russian history of the 21st century are presented in modern school textbooks on the history of Russia. The relevance of the studied problem is determined primarily by the importance of history textbooks for constructing memory policies. At the same time, attention is paid to insufficient coverage of the 2000s transformations in modern historiography. The representation of the last twenty years in Russian history textbooks is analyzed in comparison with expert assessments of economists, sociologists, and political scientists. The authors conclude that Russian history of the 21st century appears on the pages of officially approved textbooks as a consistent, ongoing process of the development of a state that is gaining power. The textbooks contain very similar interpretations of the last two decades compared to the history of the 1990s, where one can find different interpretations of events made by the same authors. In addition, in textbooks one can find a lot of borrowings from official and propaganda rhetoric. In relation to the events of the 1990s and earlier, the authors of the textbooks under study selected alternative points of view, and subsequent events are assessed by them unambiguously. It can be stated that in the studied textbooks, the history of the last twenty years reflects the goals of historical science only to a small extent. It corresponds to the goals of historical policy to a greater extent. This conclusion becomes more obvious in the framework of the studies of Russian scholars, which, regardless of their views, cannot be described as an apology for the actions of political leaders.
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Brandfonbrener, Alice G. "The 21st Century and Alternative Medicine: PAMA’s Role." Medical Problems of Performing Artists 15, no. 3 (September 1, 2000): 97–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.21091/mppa.2000.3019.
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Over the years I have found that along with the obligation to find suitable topics for these quarterly editorials comes an opportunity for me to sort out and organize some otherwise random thoughts and ideas. It is as if by the act of writing that I can (at least sometimes) ultimately make better sense to myself and, hopefully, to you as well. In this vein some of my recent experiences have forced me into rethinking some of my ideas about nontraditional therapies, particularly as they relate to performing arts medicine. Unconventional medicine is a topic that has received greatly increased attention in the recent past by the general public and the media, as well as by health care providers and health insurers. Because those involved with performing arts medicine have reason to have a special interest in this area, an updated new look at the subject for readers of MPPA seems justified.
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Sinha, Mudita, and Leena N. Fukey. "Sustainable Interior Designing in the 21st Century – a Review." ECS Transactions 107, no. 1 (April 24, 2022): 6801–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10701.6801ecst.
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The concept of Sustainable interior designing has gained recognition in recent times. The study focuses on the history, growth and the future of sustainable interior designing. The main aim of the research was to review 102 select journal articles from various Sustainability, Interior designing and combined fields from 2001 all through to 2020, to provide an apprehension on the frequency, study methods, data collection and analysis procedures of the reviewed articles; Alongside providing the readers with an insight on the functionality, aesthetic appeal, client satisfaction and benefits to both environment and the clients. The study also sheds light on the important concepts of Biomimicry, Biophilia and Natural Luxury.
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Dalton, Bridget. "E-text and e-books are changing literacy landscape." Phi Delta Kappan 96, no. 3 (October 13, 2014): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0031721714557451.
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The digital world is expanding the reading palette, offering readers -- especially readers who struggle with printed text -- new possibilities for to engage in reading via e-text and e-books. This expanded view of text is consistent with the Common Core’s vision of a successful 21st century learner who is able to critically read and communicate with text in print and multimodal formats. This vision of e-texts has yet to be fully realized, but schools are moving to integrate e-texts and digital curricula, and some authors and educational publishers are experimenting with multimodal composition.
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Sliter, Katherine A. "Assessing 21st Century Skills: Competency Modeling to the Rescue." Industrial and Organizational Psychology 8, no. 2 (June 2015): 284–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/iop.2015.35.
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Neubert, Mainert, Kretzschmar, and Greiff (2015) rightly argue that today's business world requires employees to frequently engage in nonroutine, creative, and interactive tasks. The authors go further to describe two potentially important skills—complex problem solving and collaborative problem solving—which they believe can address gaps in our current understanding of employee skill assessment. I contend however that the authors might be reinventing the wheel with this framework, given that the already popular practice of competency modeling satisfies the very deficiencies that the authors argue exist. To expand on this argument, I will first provide a brief history and discussion of what competency modeling is, followed by an explanation of several key benefits of this approach in terms of addressing the authors’ concerns. Then, on the basis of my applied experience as an external consultant, I will discuss how I might use competency modeling to address one of the authors’ own example scenarios, which should help identify ways in which competency modeling subsumes Neubert and colleagues’ approach.
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Parray, Tauseef Ahmad. "An Introduction to Islam in the 21st Century. Aminah Beverly McCloud, Scott W. Hibbard, and Laith Saud (Eds.)." ICR Journal 5, no. 2 (April 15, 2014): 285–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.52282/icr.v5i2.412.
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Since John L. Esposito edited The Oxford History of Islam (Oxford University Press, 1999) there has not appeared a comprehensive reference book covering Islamic history with regional studies from the classical to contemporary eras and throwing light on contemporary challenges. This team-edited volume An Introduction to Islam in the 21st Century provides an overview of the Islamic tradition for Western readers which captures its diversity, interpretive debates, and regional differences. It begins with the social and political realities informing 21st century Islamic practice, and examines varying interpretations and debates over hotly debated issues such as the phenomenon of militancy, Islamophobia, and the teaching of Islam in the West. The central approach is that the “image of Islam (particularly in the West) is very different from the lived reality of over a billion adherents around the globe” (p.4). An accessible introduction to Islam, An Introduction to Islam in the 21st Century announces itself as a western-oriented contemporary product.
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Gómez, Aitor, and José Miguel Jiménez. "Radical Love." International Review of Qualitative Research 11, no. 1 (February 2018): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/irqr.2018.11.1.6.
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This article introduces the readers to the notion of radical love that Paulo Freire, Joe Kincheloe, and Jesús Gómez (Pato) conceptualized at the end of the 20th century and at the beginning of the 21st century. The theory of radical love by Pato was published at the beginning of 2015, and it has had a great and positive repercussions in different fields of research. We will explain how this concept could be constructed in an active dialogue among the three above mentioned authors and how the application of Pato's concepts have opened up the path to new areas of studies, such as new alternative masculinities.
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Betz, Bryan L., and Jay L. Hess. "Acute Myeloid Leukemia Diagnosis in the 21st Century." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 134, no. 10 (October 1, 2010): 1427–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2010-0245-ra.1.
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Abstract Context.—Rapid advances in understanding the molecular biology of acute myeloid leukemia are transforming the approach to diagnosis, prognostication, and treatment of these cases. Objective.—To briefly review the current state of AML classification with a particular emphasis on the role of molecular studies and their impact on the management of acute myeloid leukemia and other malignancies. Data Sources.—Current literature and experience of the authors. Conclusions.—While morphology, immunophenotyping, cytogenetics, and clinical history continue to play an important role, an increasing number of molecular tests are now required to properly classify these cases.
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Jambrek, Stanko. "Church Models for the 21st Century." Kairos 13, no. 1 (April 18, 2019): 37–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.32862/k.13.1.2.
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In order to have a fruitful understanding of the nature of the Church, the Bible uses a variety of pictures, which when taken together form Church models by which believers live and act by. We have reviewed Church models in three categories: the first category is taken by Church models which are formed today by our everyday life; the second one are Church models which have been created by man throughout history; and third, the Church models which have a foundation in the Word of God. Church models formed by everyday life and man-made Church models can be used as negative examples of models to be changed and avoided, especially models of the Church as an institution and as a denomination. The Bible shows a particular reality and nature of the Church by using numerous different pictures from everyday life. These include pictures from the ownership system; the picture of the way the human body works; pictures from premarital, marital, and family life; pictures from architecture, agriculture, cattle breeding, fishery, and citizenship and patriotism. Each of the used pictures communicates one or more God’s truths in a way that is experientially very close and familiar to the listeners and readers. These pictures reflect life and point towards life. The 21st century Christianity needs to adopt and apply Biblical pictures of Church which, when taken together, form the Biblical Church model. As we establish this model, we need to focus on God and His purposes and plans for a specific time, place, and culture. Our communication with God needs to be completely open, and the Church needs to be prepared to follow God’s plans and the guidance of the Holy Spirit. The Biblical Church model contains God’s (immutable) and human (mutable) elements. God is immutable, which is why anything that is permanent and immutable in Church comes from God, and what can and needs to be changed is anything that came from people. The human elements need to be aligned with God’s Word and the Holy Spirit’s guidance, so that the Church would be able to obey God’s will fruitfully.
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Carter, Kathryn. "How to Read a Diary: Critical Contexts and Interpretive Strategies for 21st-Century Readers by Desirée Henderson." Biography 44, no. 4 (2021): 619–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bio.2021.0042.
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Pyrozhkov, Serhii, and Nazip Khamitov. "Ukraine in the 21st Century: Strengthening Civilisational Agency." Diplomatic Ukraine, no. XXI (2020): 595–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.37837/2707-7683-2020-28.
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The article addresses the issue of Ukraine’s civilisational agency in the modern world. The authors state that a civilisational destiny of a state is determined by geopolitical actors claiming a superpower status, the state’s own choice, people’s will, its political and intellectual elite. Then, a state becomes a unit of international relations and law, world geopolitics, science, art; a civilisational actor of history, the present, and the future. Ukraine strives to become such an actor, have its civilisational project, and implement it. Our country is located between the Euro-Atlantic and Eurasian civilisational societies, thus its capacity to be an actor in the modern globalised world is contingent on efficient cooperation with both of the societies. The authors believe that the implementation of the civilisational project of Ukraine as an actor and not as an object of modern world lies in systemic cooperation with the international actors which accept freedom and dignity of a human being as fundamental values. The authors single out the civilisational measures of such a society, which is a society of trust, social and political partnership, and balanced interaction of the rule of law and civil society. In its civilisational project of the 21st century, Ukraine should stand for a society of innovations and information, where a person can live up to her full potential. It is about the worldview transformation of consciousness and relations among people, countries, civilisations, and civilisational worlds. The implementation of this project is a fundamental condition for ensuring the national security and existence of Ukraine as an independent state. That is indeed a noble cause of Ukraine and its people in the multifaceted world of the 21st century. Keywords: Eurasian civilisational society, Euro-Atlantic direction, agency of Ukraine, independent state.
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Manimozhi, G., and P. Srinivasan. "Web Tools for Teachers: Current ICT Trends for Professional Development." Shanlax International Journal of Education 10, no. 3 (June 1, 2022): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/education.v10i3.4122.
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In the 21st century classroom, teachers are facilitator of student knowledge and creators of dynamic classroom environment. Teaching in the 21st century is a general different experience; website is an easiest way of sharing and exchanging knowledge and experiences for teachers. In this article the authors will introduce the professional development web tools for teachers. It is creating a professional development for teachers and make learning is easiest way for students.
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Furuseth, Sissel. "Facing the Black Death: Sigrid Undset’s Kristin Lavransdatter in Times of Pandemics." Interlitteraria 27, no. 1 (September 1, 2022): 57–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/il.2022.27.1.6.
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At the end of Sigrid Undset’s medieval trilogy Kristin Lavransdatter (1920–1922), the heroine encounters the bubonic plague that so violently hit Europe in the mid-fourteenth century. The aim of this paper is to explore the connections between the 20th century novel and the European tradition of plague literature from the broader perspective of environmental history. Furthermore, it discusses the historical novel’s effect as a distant mirror for 20th and 21st century readers. An underlying argument is that the ethical imperative in Kristin Lavransdatter is affecting the way the protagonist encounters the plague, which may explain what distinguishes Undset from many of her contemporaries.
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Lightman, Bernard. "Popularizers, participation and the transformations of nineteenth-century publishing: From the 1860s to the 1880s." Notes and Records: the Royal Society Journal of the History of Science 70, no. 4 (October 5, 2016): 343–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsnr.2016.0029.
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Focusing on the editors, journalists and authors who worked on the new ‘popular science’ periodicals and books from the 1860s to the 1880s, this piece will discuss how they conceived of their readers as co-participants in the creation of knowledge. The transformation of nineteenth-century publishing opened up opportunities for making science more accessible to a new polity of middle and working class readers. Editors, journalists and authors responded to the communications revolution, and the larger developments that accompanied it, by defining the exemplary scientist in opposition to the emerging conception of the professional scientist, by rejecting the notion that the laboratory was the sole legitimate site of scientific discovery and by experimenting with new ways of communicating scientific knowledge to their audience.
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Trivellato, Francesca. "A New Battle for History in the Twenty-First Century?" Annales (English ed.) 70, no. 02 (June 2015): 261–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2398568200001151.
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Abstract This article engages with some of the questions raised by David Armitage and Jo Guldi’s “The Return of the longue durée: An Anglo-American Perspective” and their resonance among readers of the Annales. In particular, it challenges the authors’ classification of a variety of different historical studies of short periods of time under the rubric of “microhistory.” It also questions their argument that such studies are evidence of a “moral crisis” that supposedly dominated anglophone historiography from the cultural revolution of 1968 to the global financial crisis of 2008. Furthermore, the article contrasts the less conventional meanings that Fernand Braudel originally attributed to the longue durée with the ways that Armitage and Guldi interpret this expression. Finally, it asks how, in practice, historians are supposed to follow the authors’ invitation to move beyond specialized training and knowledge to produce sweeping new and original interpretations of millennia of human history.
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Kosau, Alexandr. "Post-Soviet Space in Russian-American Relations (First Quarter of the 21st Century)." ISTORIYA 13, no. 2 (112) (2022): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840019622-3.
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This publication examines the policy of Russia and the United States in the post-Soviet space in the first two decades of the 21st century. The materials were information sources on the foreign policy of the two countries, as well as research by Russian and Western authors using general scientific and special historical methods. The purpose of the article is to examine the role and place of the post-Soviet space in Russian-American relations in the 21st century. In the 21st century, the post-Soviet space has become an arena of geopolitical rivalry between Russia and the United States. This happened due to the cardinal divergence of the national interests of Moscow and Washington in the region. The United States decided to reformat the post-Soviet space, finally ousting the Russian Federation with the prospect of changing the political regime in Russia itself. The realization of this fact by the Kremlin has led to the strengthening, to the best of its ability, of Russian opposition to American penetration into the region. Consequently, in the 21st century, the post-Soviet space has become one of the irritants of Russian-American relations.
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Mitchell, Murray F., Hal A. Lawson, Hans van der Mars, and Phillip Ward. "Chapter 9: Pathways Toward Desirable Futures." Journal of Teaching in Physical Education 40, no. 3 (July 1, 2021): 423–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.2020-0247.
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This special issue was designed to facilitate futures-oriented planning, focused on identical, similar, and unique practice and policy priorities. Formal planning aimed at desirable futures is a practical necessity for every helping profession because rapid, sometimes dramatic, societal change continues nonstop. Like all futures-oriented analyses, ours is unavoidably selective. Selectivity, once recognized, is a strength because readers are not asked to view the main claims and recommendations as a final authority. Selective research and scholarship focused on the creation and safeguarding of desirable futures has generative propensities that can provide the impetus for subsequent proposals aimed at the common good. In this chapter, the authors offer an integrative summary of the work in this special issue. Our summary invites readers’ special attention to distinctive features in their respective home contexts. This perspective stands in stark contrast to 20th Century models often described as “one best system” and “one ideal physical education model.” Justifiable variability—where “justifiable” means evidence-based and harmonized values—is the new norm for the 21st Century. The authors conclude that the physical education profession will benefit to the extent that it adopts the theme offered in this special issue. Unity founded on diversity—an idea whose time has come in a field known for fierce competition over curricula and programs.
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Tomashevic, Vladimir, Hatidza Berisha, and Aleksandar Cirakovic. "THE CONCEPT OF THE BALANCE OF FORCES IN THE 21ST CENTURY." Knowledge International Journal 28, no. 6 (December 10, 2018): 1835–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.35120/kij28061835v.
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In this paper the authors proceed from defining the concept of balance of forces, theoretical understanding of the balance of forces from the aspect of the scientific understanding of the realistic theory of international relations with concrete examples from the history of international relations. However, the focus of the work is an analysis of the power between a single world power (USA) and major powers (Russia, China) in a possible balance of power.The aim of the paper is to try to point out, through a relatively brief review, the possibility of establishing a balance of forces in the 21st century.
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FYFE, AILEEN. "READING CHILDREN'S BOOKS IN LATE EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY DISSENTING FAMILIES." Historical Journal 43, no. 2 (June 2000): 453–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x99001156.
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The eighteenth-century commodifications of childhood and the sciences overlapped in the production of science books for children. This article examines a children's book written by two members of the Unitarian circle around Warrington Academy in the 1790s, and contrasts it with a Church of England work. The analysis reveals the extent to which religious differences could affect parental attitudes to the natural world, reason, the uses of the sciences, and the appropriate way to read and discuss books. Although the sciences were admitted as suitable for children, the issues of the subjects to be chosen, the purposes they were intended for, and the pedagogical methods by which they were presented, were still contested. This article also goes beyond the usual studies of children's books by focusing on non-fiction, and by emphasizing readers and use, rather than authors or publishers. Yet producing a history of reading based entirely on actual readers will be exceedingly difficult, so this article suggests an alternative, by combining accounts of actual readers' experiences with attitudes towards practices like orality and discussion.
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Dimitrov, Georgi. "Bulgarian Society at the Turn of the 21st Century – a Cognitive Challenge." Southeastern Europe 44, no. 2 (July 20, 2020): 105–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/18763332-04402001.
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The goal of this introduction is to outline the general thematic and interpretative scene wherein the next eight authors will elaborate in greater depth on more concrete issues. That is why this text mostly aims to review and rethink the achievements and problems of the local understanding of Bulgarian society in the last decades.
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Pylypchuk, Oleh, Oleh Strelko, and Yulia Berdnychenko. "PREFACE." History of science and technology 10, no. 1(16) (June 5, 2020): 7–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.32703/2415-7422-2020-10-1(16)-7-9.
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This issue of the journal “History of Science and Technology” has been prepared in difficult conditions. In difficult conditions for authors… In difficult conditions for reviewers ... In difficult conditions for the editorial board… In difficult conditions for the whole world in general!!! This issue contains ten articles. The first of these articles came in late 2019, when the world did not know yet these terrible words: Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19); severe acute respiratory syndrome Corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)… COVID-19 was first identified in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, and has since spread worldwide, resulting in an ongoing pandemic. As on May 29, 2020, when these lines were written, more than 5 800 000 cases were recorded in 188 countries, killing more than 359 000 people. We hope that humanity will invent a vaccine as soon as possible, and these horrific death statistics will first stop growing and then stop altogether. For this, many events and activities are important, as history shows. Including the history of the development of science and technology, that is the subject area of our publication. In many sources on the history of electric power production the evolution of electric power production was studied both in developed and developing countries and its impact on economy. The growing demand for electric power became the most problem that stood before the power sector of Ghana. This issue begins with an article examining activities that in many ways helped to create a sustainable electricity supply for households and industries in Ghana, especially in the cities of Accra and Kumasi, between 1900 and 1960. Scientific-technical borrowings are one of those types of scientific support for the work of industrial sectors, whose role in the conditions of exiting the crisis to acquiring the particular importance. Since the mid-1920s, they have become the main way of scientific support for the organization of the development of Ukrainian electric machine-building industry in the context of large-scale electrification of the country. That was due to the need for a quick withdrawal of this industry from the previous crisis in the absence in the Ukrainian SSR of its own scientific support system for the electric machine engineering. An example of this measure, which was considered in the study, was an attempt to achieve the fastest possible increase in productivity of the Kharkiv Electromechanical Plant at minimal financial cost. The next article analyzes the activities of the mining industry in the south of the Russian Empire, of which Ukraine was a part of that time. An analysis of the so-called “coal crisis” and the role of large miners in collusion has been made. Market monopolization has been considered. Emphasis is made on the customs policy of the tsarist government, speculation on temporary fuel difficulties. The study shows that in the last quarter of the nineteenth century there was a consolidation and monopolization of the mining industry in the south of the Russian Empire. In the 21st century, every reputable journal also has an online version, which makes the dissemination of scientific information almost instantaneous. We are so accustomed to the conveniences of the information age that it is difficult for us to imagine the difficulties that scientists faced a little over 150 years ago. The genesis of science launched the process of forming branch of scientific communities and demanded stable ways of communication for productive and effective development of the branch. Scientific journals have become an ideal means of disseminating information, and a scientific article has been transformed from an ordinary letter into a modern form and has taken on an ideal form. The importance of international communication between scientists, on the example of consideration of the activities of Valerian Mykolaiovych Lihin, is discussed in the following study. He became the first Russian-speaking member of one of the oldest Mathematical Societies in Europe - the French. V. Lihin broke the tradition of “isolated” science when discoveries in the Russian Empire (and later in the USSR) were made separately from the rest of the world. In the next article an attempt to investigate in a chronological order the historical circumstances on the formation and development of the mainline electric locomotives engineering at the Luhansk diesel locomotives engineering plant (1957–2014) has been made. Historical and biographical research is continued by the article, which considers the factors shaping the scientific worldview of Mykola Pavlovych Petrov - an outstanding scientist and engineer against the background of his initiative and organizational efforts to develop the domestic scientific and technical space of the late nineteenth - early twentieth The article devoted to highlighting the contribution of academician Mariia Vasylivna Pavlova (Gortynska) in the development of palaeozoology science at the end of the XIX – the first third of the XX centuries continues the cycle of historical and biographical researches. We hope that our readers will be interested in scientific work, examining the research of Russian women in the field of human genetics in 1920-1930. The main task of the article was to determine the contribution of women scientists to the development of different fields of human genetics. Particular attention was given to reconstructing women’s geneticists’ research work, reviewing the content of their publications, and analyzing the theoretical and methodological approaches they employed in solving various scientific problems. In the history of Ukrainian archeology, there are many names of outstanding researchers who have devoted their lives to the study of our antiquity. Among them is Yulian Kulakovskyi, a well-known domestic historian and archeologist. In 1883 Yu. A. Kulakovskyi joined the Nestor Chronicler Historical Society. Since that time, his life and career have been closely linked to this scientific union. The analysis of the results of researches in the field of late antique archeology of the Crimea, published on the pages of “Readings of the Historical Society of Nestor the Chronicler”, is discussed in the next article. The development of the spread of COVID-19 shows that in the fight against it in the first place are such measures and actions as unrestricted access to information on methods of combating the spread of the virus; exchange of data at the international level on treatment methods of the disease; communication between scientists from different countries; timely quarantine measures, etc. In this sense, it is important to study the historical experience of mankind in the fight against pandemics. This issue of the journal History of Science and Technology concludes with an article on a critical analysis of nineteenth-century military interventions as the main cause of the spread of infectious diseases internationally. Emerging problems and solutions obtained as a result of a critical analysis of the materials of the International Sanitary Conferences reveal the history of the spread of infectious diseases and the methods of early statistics used for epidemiological purposes. Concluding this Preface, we emphasize once again the importance of a comprehensive study of international historical experience in the development of science and technology. Not limited to any one field or field of science, we are ready to provide the pages of our journal for the opportunity to exchange views with the international scientific community. Let peace and health be with everyone in these hard times!
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Aidnik, Martin, and Michael Hviid Jacobsen. "The U-turn of utopia – Utopia, socialism and modernity in Zygmunt Bauman’s social thought." Irish Journal of Sociology 27, no. 1 (January 31, 2019): 22–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0791603519825827.
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Zygmunt Bauman was undoubtedly one of the most prolific and renowned social theorists of the later part of the 20th and the early part of the 21st century. In his work spanning more than half a century, Bauman explored and tangled with some often overlooked topics within mainstream sociology such as freedom, the Holocaust, morality, art, immortality and utopia. In this article, the authors delineate the development of an unmistakable utopian mentality in Bauman’s writings from the early pieces concerned with socialism and culture through the acclaimed body of work dealing with modernity and postmodernity to the most recent writings investigating, for example, the rise of ‘Retrotopia’. Throughout Bauman’s work, one will discover that utopia is always present – either explicitly or implicitly – as a critique of the world ‘as it is’ and the world we uncritically take for granted. In this way, Bauman urges his readers to consider that there is always possibility for change and that we are the human motors who can make it happen.
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Akhyadov, Elman, Elena Kirillova, and Sergey Zenin. "Left Radical Movements in the World: Political and Legal Features." Journal of Law and Sustainable Development 10, no. 1 (August 12, 2022): e0226. http://dx.doi.org/10.37497/sdgs.v10i1.226.
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Background: In most Latin American states, a revolutionary situation persists after the Second World War. Left-wing radical armed groups have intensified guerrilla warfare, especially in Guatemala, Venezuela, Colombia, Nicaragua, Peru, and El Salvador. Objective: to identify the historical characteristics and understand the development of guerilla movements. Methods: The authors have chosen the case of Colombia since Russia has been strongly influenced by Marxist- Leninist ideology at the beginning of the 20th century. Results: Readers, particularly in Russia, are little familiar with the history of Colombia, the authors dwell on the details of the development of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia. Conclusions: authors compared activities of Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia with the work of similar movements in Russia, which help readers to better understand the conclusions reached by the authors.
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Kravetskii, Aleksandr. "Archaic imitation: history of the cult of Tsarevna Sophia and rhetorical strategies of messages to her." Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski 11, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 145–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/pw.5977.
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The article is devoted to texts which appeared in connection with the cult of Tsarevna Sophia Alekseyevna (1657-1704). It has been established that the veneration of Sophia, associated with the Moscow Novodevichy Convent, did not start until the 21st century. An analysis of the prehistory of this cult shows that before the revolution, in Soviet times, the the Novodevichy Convent preserved the memory of Sophia and displayed objects associated with her, yet this memory of Sophia was of a local history nature. Elements of religious worship were not present there. At the beginning of the 21st century, a certain cult arose around one of the Convent’s towers: people who came there wrote messages addressed to Sofia on the wall. It was a secular cult that was not supported by the Church, so there are no well-composed prayers to Sophia, on which the authors of the inscriptions could have relied on. A study of the corpus of inscriptions copied in 2010-2014 shows that these texts were written in Russian, but their authors used stylistic markers, which, in their opinion, endowed these appeals with the status of a prayer. The language and stylistic features of the inscriptions are openly eclectic in nature: here one can notice both prayer formulas and attempts to imitate conjurations, as well as appeals to the modern epistolary style. Moreover, the authors of the texts were convinced that they were writing correct prayers addressed to the saint.
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Burganova, Maria A. "Letter from the editor." Scientific and analytical journal Burganov House. The space of culture 18, no. 4 (September 10, 2022): 6–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.36340/2071-6818-2022-18-4-6-9.
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Dear readers, We are pleased to present to you Issue 4, 2022, of the scientific and analytical journal Burganov House. The Space of Culture. Upon the recommendation of the Expert Council of the Higher Attestation Commission, the journal is included in the List of Leading Peer-reviewed Scientific Journals and Publications in which the main scientific results of theses for the academic degrees of doctor and candidate of science must be published. The journal publishes scientific articles by leading specialists in various humanitarian fields, doctoral students, and graduate students. Research areas concern topical problems in multiple areas of culture, art, philology, and linguistics. This versatility of the review reveals the main specificity of the journal, which represents the current state of the cultural space. The journal opens with articles by Chinese researchers devoted to the art of Ancient China. In the article "The Heaven-and-Man Oneness Concept and the Style of Funerary Plastic Art During the Han Dynasty", Xiang Wu analyses the idea of heaven-and-man oneness, which was important for the art of this period. It was based on the Confucian view, the rituals of a strict social hierarchy and Taoist metaphysics. Qiu Mubing’s scientific research topic is “Objects of the Funerary Cult in the Han Dynasty. Gold and Silver Items. Aesthetics of Gold and Silver in the Han Dynasty”. Examining archaeological sources, the author concludes the high achievements of Chinese artisans during the Han Dynasty on examples of works of arts and crafts made of precious metals. In the article “Aesthetics of the Song Dynasty. The Origins of the New Style of Furniture Design in China", N.Kazakova and Qiu Qi analyse the vector of development of the furniture industry through the prism of the industrial design evolution. The reasons for the emergence of the New style in furniture design in China are studied. They are analysed in detail against the background of changing economic, political and cultural realities. The issues of the influence of Ancient China aesthetics on the formation and development of a new language in furniture design are touched upon. In the article "Problems of Colour Harmonisation of Composition and Development of Associative and Imaginative Thinking in the Environmental Design", N.Bogatova reveals the potential of colouristic graphic two-dimensional modelling in artistic and imaginative thematic compositions. On the example of the compositional laws of colouristics, the author traces the path of ascent from the concrete to the abstract, pictorial to the expressive, and emotional to the figurative. P.Dobrolyubov presents the text “Sculptor Alexander Matveev’s School and His Students”, which includes many archival documents and photographs. The author describes the process of learning from teacher and sculptor A.Matveev, names the main dates in his creative work, reveals the details of the sculptural craft, talks about the variety of moves in the master’s plasticity, analyses the methods and principles of work in sculpture, shows the attitude of students to their teacher, and highlights the entire course of historical milestones in the sculptor’s creative biography. In the article "The Golden Age of PRC History Painting (1949–1966): Origins, Searches, Achievements”, K.Gavrilin and L.Xiaonan consider the issues of the formation of the modern Chinese art school. Its foundation was laid in the framework of the creative and educational dialogue between China and the Soviet Union at the beginning of the second half of the 20th century. The authors believe that the characteristic features of the golden age of Chinese historical painting were, on the one hand, the popularisation of painting as an art form and, on the other hand, the predominance of the dominant position of realism over the traditional styles of Chinese painting. It is noted that during this period, two main plots became widespread: scenes of socialist construction and historical events of the revolution. S.Zubarev considers theoretical and practical aspects of the activities of military musicians in the article "Academic Music in the Practice of Russian Military Bands of the 19th - early 21st Centuries". In the process of studying military bands, special attention is paid to the study of the features of military band service development in the 19th and 20th centuries. Factors revealing the role of Russian composers in the history of military musical culture are highlighted, and several works of academic music performed by military bands are analysed. In conclusion, the author notes that in the national culture, unique conditions for the development of military musicians’ arranging activity were created. They made it possible to preserve the traditions of the military band service and form the value principles of academic art. The publication is addressed to professionals specialising in the theory and practice of the fine arts and philology and all those interested in the arts and culture.
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Zaporozhchenko, Galina M., and Olga N. Shelegina. "FROM “THE GOLDEN VALLEY” TO “THE SILICON TAIGA”: VECTORS OF CULTURAL MEMORY." Ural Historical Journal 76, no. 3 (2022): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.30759/1728-9718-2022-3(76)-55-64.
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A new transdisciplinary direction “memory studies” is actively developing in the world science. The study of the memory phenomenon is conducted in a socio-cultural context. The historiographical analysis shows the need to expand specific research in accordance with the “memorial turn”. The authors reconstruct cultural practices and determine the vectors of cultural memory in Novosibirsk Akademgorodok in the second half of the 20th — first quarter of the 21st century, they considers the role of cultural memory for the synergy and harmony of technological and socio-cultural spheres of society, which determines the novelty of the work. Вy the beginning of the 21st century cultural practices of Early Akademgorodok have formed dynamic socio-cultural complexes: toponymic, memorial-monumental, heritage, intellectual-leisure, attractive, eventful. They are dynamic vectors of cultural memory of the landmark “Novosibirsk Akademgorodok”. The prospects of the research are connected with the social necessity of socio-cultural support for the promotion of the “Akademgorodok 2.0” mega-project with due regard for historical experience and synthesis of images of the nostalgic past and the predicted future — from the “golden valley” to the “silicon taiga”.
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Boidin, Capucine, Leonardo Cerno, and Fabián R. Vega. "“This Book Is Your Book”: Jesuit Editorial Policy and Individual Indigenous Reading in Eighteenth-Century Paraguay." Ethnohistory 67, no. 2 (April 1, 2020): 247–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00141801-8025304.
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Abstract The authors underline the importance of the print Ara poru aguĭyey haba (meaning about the good use of time) for the Jesuit missions of Paraguay and the colonial Río de la Plata. Attributed to Father José Insaurralde, it is a two-volume devotional text entirely written in Guaraní that was published in Madrid in 1759 and 1760. Until now, literature has only approached the Ara poru in a superficial and external way, because it is written in a different way from the current ones. The unpublished translation of the summary and two preliminary warnings to readers reveal that it follows the structure of Ignacio de Loyola’s Spiritual Exercises. The authors of this article demonstrate that by the mid-eighteenth century, the Jesuit project was to produce an indigenous reader and devotee in the modern sense (individual reading and personal transformation).
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Fedorova, Irina V. "ARCHAEOGRAPHIC RESEARCH IN THE FIELD OF PILGRIMAGE LITERATURE PRODUCED IN THE TIME OF PETER THE GREAT." Texts and History Journal of Philological Historical and Cultural Texts and History Studies 3 (2022): 87–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.31860/2712-7591-2022-3-87-111.
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This is an overview of the history of archaeographic research in the field of Russian pilgrimage literature produced in the time of Peter the Great. The work, which was carried out by specialists in the 19th and early 21st centuries, led to an expansion of the source base for the study of the field. This allows us to examine issues related to the literary history of texts about pilgrimage, clarify their attribution, the date of a pilgrimage and the date when its description was written. The article reconstructs the social characteristics of readers of pilgrimage stories and attempts to describe the distinctive features of the circulation of these stories in eighteenth-century books.
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Burkiewicz, Łukasz, and Agnieszka Knap-Stefaniuk. "Multiculturalism as a Challenge for Contemporary Leadership – an Analysis within the Context of Hotel Management in the 21st Century." Perspektywy Kultury 38, no. 3 (September 29, 2022): 411–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.35765/pk.2022.3803.25.
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Building a competitive advantage in the hotel industry today requires the kind of leadership that is open to multiculturalism of both customers and employees. The main goal of the article is to analyze the role and importance of multiculturalism in contemporary leadership and to define the responsibility of leaders in managing employees in a multicultural environment, in the context of 21st century hotel management. The authors prove that the challenges related to multiculturalism (of employees and clients) are very large, while leadership in the conditions of multiculturalism requires special qualities and skills of leaders. In the first part of the article, the authors explain the concept of multiculturalism and the importance of multiculturalism in managing human resources. The next part describes leadership in a multicultural environment. Then, solutions for managing people in modern hotels are presented. Next, the 21st century hotel is presented as a multicultural environment. The last part describes cultural diversity as a challenge for leadership in the context of the hotel industry.
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King, Matthew William. "Nomads and Vagabond Monks: From the Text to the Reader in 18th Century Inner Asia." Religions 13, no. 1 (January 17, 2022): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel13010085.
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Buddhist Studies scholarship in general, and its (re)turn to the literary specifically, is overwhelmingly concerned with texts and authors. But what can this research into “Buddhist texts” and “Buddhist authors”, however robust, ever reliably tell us if not accompanied by comparative inquiry into the destabilizing tactics of readers? This article first highlights analytical resources for a comparative history of reading Buddhist literature in Inner Asia by looking to the work of Michel de Certeau and Roger Chartier. I then turn to a case study of collaborative reading that developed across the contiguous monastic and imperial networks binding together Tibetan, Mongolian, Manchu, and Chinese readers at the turn of the 18th century. Focused specifically on letter exchanges between the polyglot scholars Güng Gombojab, Katok Tséwang Norbu, and Situ Paṇchen, I underscore how collaborative reading developed to open the literary heritage of trans-Eurasia beyond the technical abilities or material access of any single reader.
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Zhukov, D. S., and V. V. Kanishchev. "Cluster Analysis as a Means of Identifying Types of Demographic Characteristics (Russian Rural Population, European Part of Russia, Early 20th to Early 21st Century)." Modern History of Russia 12, no. 2 (2022): 454–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu24.2022.212.
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The object of study is the demographic characteristics of the Russian rural population of the European part of Russia (at the level of individual governorates, regions, and republics) from the beginning of the twentieth century to the beginning of the twenty-first century. These data are analyzed in the context of general demographic trends. The goal is to identify regions with similar demographic indicators during several chronological periods (1902, 1940, 2002, 2020) and to observe the transformation of demographic characteristics in different periods of history and in different regions of European Russia. This provides the necessary material for making assumptions about the connection between demographic types and natural-geographical, economic-geographical, and ethnogeographical factors. The principal research method, multivariate cluster analysis, is a tool for identifying stable groups of typologically homogeneous objects. The clustering of regions was carried out on the basis of three key demographic indicators: fertility, mortality, and natural growth. The authors came to the conclusion that, as early as the beginning of the twentieth century, Russian agrarian society was already at different demographic stages, evolving from a traditional to a modernized society. In the middle of the century, discrepancies in the rates of demographic transition became noticeable, manifested in some conventional “dividing” lines such as the ones between Russian oblasts and some national republics; the ones between agro-industrial and industrial-agrarian regions; the ones between southern and northern territories; and, finally, the ones between the regions and republics close to and distant from Moscow. The entwinement of these lines gave rise to various cluster groupings and, apparently, led to some consequent variability in the types of demographic characteristics in different regions, which is also recorded at the beginning of the twentieth century. The authors also pay attention to types of “demographic responses” of different regions to the coronavirus pandemic.
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Hochman, Barbara. "Disappearing Authors and Resentful Readers in Late Nineteenth-Century American Fiction: The Case of Henry James." ELH 63, no. 1 (1996): 177–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/elh.1996.0001.
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Nazari, Hossein, and Maryam Khorasani. "The Appeal of the Fantastic and the Improbable in Late Eighteenth-Century Children's Literature." International Research in Children's Literature 14, no. 1 (February 2021): 78–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/ircl.2021.0379.
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Eighteenth-century children's authors implicitly exploited the fantastic and the improbable aspects of fairy tales to complement the persuasiveness of their moralistic teachings. Whereas the coexistence of chapbook residue with middle-class pedagogy in eighteenth-century children's books has already been underlined in scholarly studies, little critical attention has been paid to the rhetorical effects exercised by the incorporation of the fantastic and the improbable in eighteenth-century children's stories. Through appealing to the audience's collective imagination, eighteenth-century children's authors both derived from and built upon a set of common aspirations shared by a middle-class audience, thus cultivating a sense of what Kenneth Burke termed consubstantiality among the readers. Focussing on John Newbery's A Little Pretty Pocket-Book (1744), The History of Goody Two-Shoes (1765), and Maria Edgeworth's ‘The Orphans’ (1796), this study explores the modus operandi through which late-eighteenth-century children's authors sought to communicate serious messages by employing improbable plotlines.
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Nimehchisalem, Vahid. "Notes from the editor." International Journal of Education and Literacy Studies 9, no. 3 (August 1, 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijels.v.9n.3p.1.
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Thanks to our international authors, readers, reviewers, and editorial board members, our July 2021 issue is now released. The pandemic has been on-going stimulating many researchers to conduct more studies related to digital literacy and e-learning. We have had an increasing number of submissions related to online learning. The current issue presents engaging topics related to education and literacy studies from diverse locations from all around the world. The topics of our articles in this issue are related to different areas including motivation, listening skills, E-mail literacy, young learners’ literacy, literacy as women’s empowerment tool, learning environment, digital storytelling, bilingualism and writing skills, synchronous distance education, paradigm shifts in literacy theories, social studies instruction, music e-learning, creative expression technique, persuasive communication instruction, 21st century learner skills, historical literacy, and technological pedagogical content knowledge.
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Shatunova, Olga, Galina Bozhkova, Bulent Tarman, and Elena Shastina. "Transforming the Reading Preferences of Today’s Youth in the Digital Age: Intercultural Dialog." Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Studies 8, no. 3 (May 27, 2021): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.29333/ejecs/347.
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The article deals with the transformation of readers’ preferences and the formation of a “new reader” at the end of the 20th and beginning of the 21st century. In the study, the authors draw attention to the shift in the priority of the format of youth reading in favor of digital, to the loss of the former role of libraries as centers of non-formal education, as well as to the need to provide assistance to children and young people on the part of “teacher of literature”. An international study undertaken in Russia, the U.S., and the Czech Republic touches upon socio-cultural changes that influenced the reading process among the youth of these countries and the particular interest of the analyzed age group in the fantasy genre, which indicates a change in the reading preferences of young people and the need for understanding this process both in theoretical aspects and taking into account the results of empirical research. The authors conclude that it is advisable to determine the scale of values of a modern person by means of literary pedagogy, to bring it to a common denominator in the intercultural space. As the leading genre of revealed reader preferences, fantasy is becoming a multimedia phenomenon and is shifting the age boundaries of potential readers around the world.
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Pelu, Musa. "The Development of Reflective-Scientific Learning Model to Improve 21st Century Learning Skills In Historical Learning." AGASTYA: JURNAL SEJARAH DAN PEMBELAJARANNYA 11, no. 2 (July 31, 2021): 188. http://dx.doi.org/10.25273/ajsp.v11i2.9704.
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<em>This research aims to develop the Reflective-scientific Learning Model to accommodate 21st-century learning skills in learning history. The ADDIE instructional design was used as the research method to develop the learning model. The research participants were 120 senior high school students. The Reflective-scientific Learning Model consists of five learning stages: historical engagement, critical-exploration, communicative-explanation, creative-elaboration, and reflective evaluation. The research results prove the feasibility and effectiveness of the developed learning model in improving students' 21<sup>st</sup>-century learning skills in the learning history process. It means that the developed learning model can accommodate the needs of the 21<sup>st</sup>-century learning skills and the learning history objectives. Based on this research, the authors highlight that the elaboration of the learning model can provide a space for synchronizing learning history objectives with other educational concepts from various disciplines. Thus, further research and development in the history education landscape should provide more opportunities for elaborating the learning models to amend the role and impact of learning history in the 21<sup>st</sup> century</em><em>.</em>
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Lukin, A., and O. Pugacheva. "Korea in the Early 21st Century and Russia’s Interests." International Trends / Mezhdunarodnye protsessy 18, no. 4 (2020): 143–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17994/it.2020.18.4.63.6.
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The article is a response to a new, pioneering book Modern Korea. Metamorphoses of Turbulent Years (2008–2020) written by a group of leading Russian experts on Korea from MGIMO University: Anatoly Torkunov, Georgy Toloraya, and Ilya Dyachkov. The book is a valuable addition to the existing literature and a product of a unique approach to modern Korean studies conducted at MGIMO. The article examines and develops the comprehensive analysis provided by MGIMO professors, point out pressing issues on the Korean Peninsula and assess Russia’s potential role in solving them. The fact that the goal of denuclearizing the Korean Peninsula based on Pyonyang’s rejection of nuclear weapons not only has not been achieved, but became even more distant than before, leads us to questioning the logic behind the authors' recommendation for Russia to withdraw its support from the international system of sanctions against Pyongyang and to move closer to North Korean. We argue that easing the sanctions may mean recognizing that Russia does not believe in this goal and wishes to encourage North Korea's refusal to comply with the demands of the international community. Moreover, such an approach could be perceived as evidence of Russia’s support of some new academic theories which claim that the very system of nonproliferation has become outdated and can even be abolished altogether. At the same time, this position would reduce the role of Russia in the Korean settlement, which would inevitably have a negative impact on DPRK's renunciation of nuclear weapons in the foreseeable future. The article argues that such views, especially that the non-proliferation strategy is outdated, come into a direct contradiction with Russia's interests. The recognition of DPRK's nuclear status may spark a chain reaction in the quest for nuclear weapons in the region which in turn would create a serious security threat for Russia's eastern regions. In addition, an increase in the number of nuclear states would devalue Russia’s status as a nuclear power, thus, the policy of nonproliferation of nuclear weapons should remain a priority of Russia’s foreign policy. Overall, we conclude that Moscow's policy towards the Korean peninsula should be based on careful evaluation of the current international situation as well as Russia’s interests, and not on outdated and often counterproductive Soviet tradition.