Academic literature on the topic 'Authors, Bolivian'
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Journal articles on the topic "Authors, Bolivian"
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Jones, Richard C., and Leonardo De la Torre. "Endurance of Transnationalism in Bolivia’s Valle Alto." MIGRATION LETTERS 3, no. 1 (April 16, 2006): 63–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/ml.v6i1.87.
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The increasing difficulty of return migration and the demands for assimilation into host societies suggest a long-term cutting of ties to origin areas—likely accentuated in the Bolivian case by the recent shift in destinations from Argentina to the US and Spain. Making use of a stratified random sample of 417 families as well as ethnographic interviews in the provinces of Punata, Esteban Arze, and Jordán in the Valle Alto region the authors investigate these issues. Results suggest that for families with greater than ten years cumulated foreign work experience, there are significantly more absentees and lower levels of remittances as a percentage of household income. Although cultural ties remain strong after ten years, intentions to return to Bolivia decline markedly. The question of whether the dimunition of economic ties results in long-term village decline in the Valle Alto remains an unanswered.
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Wanderley, Sergio, and Ana Celano. "Brazil–Bolivia and a horse trade: a postcolonial case within South America." critical perspectives on international business 14, no. 4 (October 1, 2018): 426–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cpoib-11-2016-0048.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of institutional changes in Bolivia (2005-2016) in the power structures within the headquarters (HQs) of a Brazilian energy multinational corporation (MNC) and its subsidiaries in Bolivia. Design/methodology/approach This investigation is informed by a postcolonial South–South perspective. The Brazilian and Bolivian managers were interviewed and drawing techniques were used to unveil hidden power relationships. To achieve the multilayered objective, a Lukesian power framework was integrated into the analysis. Findings Traces of a postcolonial relationship between Brazil and Bolivia were found, even though Brazil never colonized Bolivia. The power structure within this MNC’s HQ and subsidiaries reflects a postcolonial relationship: local staff members see the Brazilian MNC as the holder of power of resources, process and meaning. Finally, despite its colonizing role, Brazil is depicted as a savior, not an exploiter. Much to the authors’ surprise, the institutional changes in Bolivia – the nationalization of its oil and gas reserves and the declaration of a plurinational state – have not affected the power relationships within the Brazilian MNC. Originality/value The contribution to postcolonial investigations within the international business field was carried out in different ways: a review of EMNC literature was conducted in the study for a South–South postcolonial perspective; empirical data from a case within South America were added; a Lukesian power perspective was integrated into the analysis; and finally, drawing techniques were used to unveil hidden power relations.
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Silveira, Cássio, Nivaldo Carneiro Junior, Manoel Carlos Sampaio de Almeida Ribeiro, and Rita de Cássia Barradas Barata. "Living conditions and access to health services by Bolivian immigrants in the city of São Paulo, Brazil." Cadernos de Saúde Pública 29, no. 10 (October 2013): 2017–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0102-311x00113212.
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Bolivian immigrants in Brazil experience serious social problems: precarious work conditions, lack of documents and insufficient access to health services. The study aimed to investigate inequalities in living conditions and access to health services among Bolivian immigrants living in the central area of São Paulo, Brazil, using a cross-sectional design and semi-structured interviews with 183 adults. According to the data, the immigrants tend to remain in Brazil, thus resulting in an aging process in the group. Per capita income increases the longer the immigrants stay in the country. The majority have secondary schooling. Work status does not vary according to time since arrival in Brazil. The immigrants work and live in garment sweatshops and speak their original languages. Social networks are based on ties with family and friends. Access to health services shows increasing inclusion in primary care. The authors conclude that the immigrants' social exclusion is decreasing due to greater access to documentation, work (although precarious), and the supply of health services from the public primary care system.
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Gardner, Scott Lyell, Sebastian Botero-Cañola, Enzo Aliaga- Rossel, Altangerel Tsogtsaikhan Dursahinhan, and Jorge Salazar-Bravo. "Conservation status and natural history of Ctenomys, tuco-tucos in Bolivia." Therya 12, no. 1 (January 30, 2021): 15–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.12933/therya-21-1035.
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The genus Ctenomys consists of about 70 species and in addition to the Geomyidae of the Nearctic, Neotropical tuco-tucos represent a well-documented case of diversification in the subterranean biotype. Here we will: i) Provide an updated summary of the natural history of the 12 species of extant tuco-tucos from Bolivia; ii) Update information on distributions of each species; and iii) Using ecological niche modeling, evaluate recent and projected habitat transformation or habitat degradation within the known range of each species to provide a preliminary assessment of the preservation or conservation status of ctenomyids within Bolivia. We follow Gardner et al. (2014) and combine species summaries with both updated published and new data to compile a complete list of known extant species of tuco-tucos from Bolivia. Occurrence data for Ctenomys in Bolivia and surrounding areas were extracted from the database Arctos and GBIF. All individual specimen-based locality records were checked and georeferenced by referring to original museum collection records. We created species distribution models for the species with enough locality records using climate and soil data, while for the rest of the species we estimated the ranges based on the known occurrence localities. Finally, we quantified the amount of large-scale habitat conversion occurring within each species range, as well as the potential effect of climatic change on species distribution. Here we present information regarding the biology of tuco-tuco (Ctenomys) species known to occur in Bolivia, including unpublished natural history data such as habitat association, interactions and activity patterns gathered by the authors through extensive field work. Besides this, we estimated the current distribution of Ctenomys species, quantified large-scale habitat transformation within each species range and assessed the potential effect of climatic change on five tuco-tuco species. We found that the habitats within the ranges of C. boliviensis and C. steinbachi have experienced significant land-cover conversions in recent years. We also show that C. opimus, as well as the above mentioned species are expected to undergo range contractions resulting from climatic change by 2070. Our review shows that there is a dearth of information regarding natural history, taxonomy and distribution for many Bolivian tuco-tuco species. Nonetheless, the information presented here can be a tool for directing and focusing field studies of these species. This is of great importance if we take into account that most of the Bolivian tuco-tucos are subject to one or several conservation/preservation threats. These include: Habitat destruction via land use or climatic changes in conjunction with geographic ranges of Ctenomys that are small in areal extent and which in many cases are not adequately covered by protected areas.
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Bologna, Eduardo León, and María Del Carmen Falcón. "Migración sur-sur: factores relacionales e inserción segmentada de la población boliviana y peruana en la ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina / South-south migration: relational factors and segmented insertion of the Bolivian and Peruvian population in the city of Córdoba, Argentina." Estudios Demográficos y Urbanos 31, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 729. http://dx.doi.org/10.24201/edu.v31i3.13.
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Como caso de migración sur-sur se analizan las poblaciones de origen boliviano y peruano residentes en la ciudad de Córdoba, con la hipótesis del mayor peso explicativo de factores relacionales respecto de las diferencias de desarrollo entre las regiones de origen y destino.Se comparan la estructura demográfica, la inserción educativa y la distribución espacial de las dos poblaciones entre los censos nacionales de 2001 y 2010. Por razones de disponibilidad de los datos la inserción ocupacional sólo se describe en el censo de 2001, y a través de los antecedentes por medio de encuestas para el periodo siguiente.Se concluye que el atractivo de Córdoba se debe más a los vínculos históricos que estos dos colectivos migrantes han forjado con la ciudad que al nivel de desarrollo económico o social de ésta.AbstractPopulations of Bolivian and Peruvian origin resident in the city of Córdoba are analyzed as a case of south-south migration, the main hypothesis with the greatest explanatory weight being relational factors regarding the differences in development between the regions of origin and destination.The authors compare the demographic structure, educational integration and spatial distribution of the two populations between the national censuses of 2001 and 2010. For reasons of data availability, occupational insertion is only described in the 2001 census, and through records in the surveys for the following period.The authors conclude that Córdoba’s attraction is due more to the historical links these two migrant groups have forged with the city than to its level of economic or social development.
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Sperandio da Silva, Gilberto Marcelo, Mauro Felippe Felix Mediano, Alejandro Marcel Hasslocher-Moreno, Marcelo Teixeira de Holanda, Andrea Silvestre de Sousa, Luiz Henrique Conde Sangenis, Juan-Carlos Cubides, and Roberto Magalhães Saraiva. "Benznidazole treatment safety: the Médecins Sans Frontières experience in a large cohort of Bolivian patients with Chagas’ disease—authors’ response." Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 73, no. 4 (January 4, 2018): 1115–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkx505.
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Ament, Jared D., Kevin R. Greene, Ivan Flores, Fernando Capobianco, Gueider Salas, Maria Ines Uriona, John P. Weaver, and Richard Moser. "Health impact and economic analysis of NGO-supported neurosurgery in Bolivia." Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 20, no. 4 (April 2014): 436–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2014.1.spine1228.
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Object Bolivia, one of the poorest countries in the world, ranks 108th on the 2013 Human Development Index. With approximately 1 neurosurgeon per 200,000 people, access to neurosurgery in Bolivia is a growing health concern. Furthermore, neurosurgery in nonindustrialized countries has been considered both cost-prohibitive and lacking in outcomes evaluation. A non-governmental organization (NGO) supports spinal procedures in Bolivia (Solidarity Bridge), and the authors sought to determine its impact and cost-effectiveness. Methods In a retrospective review of prospectively collected data, 19 patients were identified prior to spinal instrumentation and followed over 12 months. For inclusion, patients required interviewing prior to surgery and during at least 2 follow-up visits. All causes of spinal pathology were included. Sixteen patients met inclusion criteria and were therefore part of the analysis. Outcomes measured included assessment of activities of daily living, pain, ambulation, return to work/school, and satisfaction. Cost-effectiveness was determined by cost-utility analysis. Utilities were derived using the Health Utilities Index. Complications were incorporated into an expected value decision tree. Results Median (± SD) preoperative satisfaction was 2.0 ± 0.3 (on a scale of 0–10), while 6-month postoperative satisfaction was 7 ± 1.4 (p < 0.0001). Ambulation, pain, and emotional disability data suggested marked improvement (56%, 69%, and 63%, respectively; p = 0.035, 0.003, and 0.006). Total discounted incremental quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gain was 0.771. The total discounted cost equaled $9036 (95% CI $8561–$10,740) at 2 years. Computing the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio resulted in a value of $11,720/QALY, ranging from $9220 to $15,473/QALY in a univariate sensitivity analysis. Conclusions This NGO-supported spinal instrumentation program in Bolivia appears to be cost-effective, especially when compared with the conventional $50,000/QALY benchmark and the WHO endorsed country-specific threshold of $16,026/QALY. However, with a gross domestic product per capita in Bolivia equaling $4800 per year and 30.3% of the population living on less than $2 per day, this cost continues to appear unrealistic. Additionally, the study has several significant limitations, namely its limited sample size, follow-up period, the assumption that patients not receiving surgical intervention would not make any clinical improvement, the reliance on the NGO for patient selection and sustainable practices such as follow-up care and ancillary services, and the lack of a randomized prospective design. These limitations, as well as an unclear understanding of Bolivian willingness-to-pay data, affect the generalizability of the study findings and impede widespread economic policy reform. Because cost-effectiveness research may inevitably direct care decisions and prove that an effort such as this can be cost saving, a prospective, properly controlled investigation is now warranted.
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Blodgett, Troy A., and Bryan L. Isacks. "Landslide Erosion Rate in the Eastern Cordillera of Northern Bolivia." Earth Interactions 11, no. 19 (December 1, 2007): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2007ei222.1.
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Abstract The northeastern edge of the Bolivian Eastern Cordillera is an example of a tectonically active plateau margin where orographically enhanced precipitation facilitates very high rates of erosion. The topography of the steepest part of the margin exhibits the classic signature of high erosion rates consisting of high-relief V-shaped valleys where landsliding is the dominant process of hillslope erosion and bedrock rivers are incising into the landscape. The authors mapped landslide scars on multitemporal aerial photographs to estimate hillslope erosion rates. Field surveys of landslide scars are used to calibrate a landslide volume versus area relationship. The mapped area of landsliding, in combination with an estimate of the time for landslide scars to revegetate, leads to an erosion rate estimate. The estimated revegetation time, 10–35 yr, is based on analysis of multitemporal aerial photographs and tree rings. About 4%–6% of two watersheds in the region considered were affected by landslides over the last 10–35 yr. This result implies an erosion rate of 9 ± 5 mm yr−1 assuming that 90% of a single landslide reaches the river on average. Classified Landsat Thematic Mapper images show that landslides are occurring at approximately the same rate all across an approximately 40-km-wide swath within the high-relief zones of the cordillera.
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Boers, Niklas, Henrique M. J. Barbosa, Bodo Bookhagen, José A. Marengo, Norbert Marwan, and Jürgen Kurths. "Propagation of Strong Rainfall Events from Southeastern South America to the Central Andes." Journal of Climate 28, no. 19 (September 29, 2015): 7641–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-15-0137.1.
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Abstract Based on high-spatiotemporal-resolution data, the authors perform a climatological study of strong rainfall events propagating from southeastern South America to the eastern slopes of the central Andes during the monsoon season. These events account for up to 70% of total seasonal rainfall in these areas. They are of societal relevance because of associated natural hazards in the form of floods and landslides, and they form an intriguing climatic phenomenon, because they propagate against the direction of the low-level moisture flow from the tropics. The responsible synoptic mechanism is analyzed using suitable composites of the relevant atmospheric variables with high temporal resolution. The results suggest that the low-level inflow from the tropics, while important for maintaining sufficient moisture in the area of rainfall, does not initiate the formation of rainfall clusters. Instead, alternating low and high pressure anomalies in midlatitudes, which are associated with an eastward-moving Rossby wave train, in combination with the northwestern Argentinean low, create favorable pressure and wind conditions for frontogenesis and subsequent precipitation events propagating from southeastern South America toward the Bolivian Andes.
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Onakomaiya, Deborah, Joyce Gyamfi, Juliet Iwelunmor, Jumoke Opeyemi, Mofetoluwa Oluwasanmi, Chisom Obiezu-Umeh, Milena Dalton, et al. "Implementation of clean cookstove interventions and its effects on blood pressure in low-income and middle-income countries: systematic review." BMJ Open 9, no. 5 (May 2019): e026517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026517.
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ObjectiveA review of the implementation outcomes of clean cookstove use, and its effects on blood pressure (BP) in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs).DesignSystematic review of studies that reported the effect of clean cookstove use on BP among women, and implementation science outcomes in LMICs.Data sourcesWe searched PubMed, Embase, INSPEC, Scielo, Cochrane Library, Global Health and Web of Science PLUS. We conducted searches in November 2017 with a repeat in May 2018. We did not restrict article publication date.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesWe included only studies conducted in LMICs, published in English, regardless of publication year and studies that examined the use of improved or clean cookstove intervention on BP. Two authors independently screened journal article titles, abstracts and full-text articles to identify those that included the following search terms: high BP, hypertension and or household air pollution, LMICs, cookstove and implementation outcomes.ResultsOf the 461 non-duplicate articles identified, three randomised controlled trials (RCTs) (in Nigeria, Guatemala and Ghana) and two studies of pre–post design (in Bolivia and Nicaragua) met eligibility criteria. These articles evaluated the effect of cookstove use on BP in women. Two of the three RCTs reported a mean reduction in diastolic BP of −2.8 mm Hg (−5.0, –0.6; p=0.01) for the Nigerian study; −3.0 mm Hg; (−5.7, –0.4; p=0.02) for the Guatemalan study; while the study conducted in Ghana reported a non-significant change in BP. The pre–post studies reported a significant reduction in mean systolic BP of −5.5 mm Hg; (p=0.01) for the Bolivian study, and −5.9 mm Hg (−11.3, –0.4; p=0.05) for the Nicaraguan study. Implementation science outcomes were reported in all five studies (three reported feasibility, one reported adoption and one reported feasibility and adoption of cookstove interventions).ConclusionAlthough this review demonstrated that there is limited evidence on the implementation of clean cookstove use in LMICs, the effects of clean cookstove on BP were significant for both systolic and diastolic BP among women. Future studies should consider standardised reporting of implementation outcomes.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Authors, Bolivian"
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Díaz, Romero Paz María Vania. "La Revolución de 1952 en la Novela Boliviana Escrita por Mujeres." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/20719.
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DISSERTATION ABSTRACT
María Vania V. Díaz Romero Paz
Title: La Revolución de 1952 en la Novela Boliviana Contemporánea Escrita por Mujeres
This dissertation studies the different discourses of nation that underlie contemporary novels written by women authors in Bolivia during the period between 1977 and 2007. My primary corpus is comprised of three novels: Gaby Vallejo’s Hijo de opa (1977), Giancarla Zabalaga’s La Flor de "La Candelaria" (1990) and Verónica Ormachea’s Los ingenuos (2007). These novels allude to the Revolution of 1952 at its different stages, either explicitly or implicitly. Written during different time periods, these novels are a product of their respective historical periods and therefore reveal diverse ways of reading the nationalist discourse and the revolution. My objective is to analyze and discuss the concept of nation and how this concept varies among the different novels by focusing on the Revolution of 1952. The Revolution of 1952 is one of the most important moments in the history of Bolivia, when the conditions for socio-political change converge in order to make possible an “imagined community,” of proposing and implementing a nation-building project based on state capitalism. The mestizo is called upon to serve as a vanguard of this revolution. These novels explore how social, economic, and cultural contradictions make the construction of the nation difficult, and transmit a critique of this process of nation-building, and its nationalist discourse. The main purpose of my dissertation is to examine the recurrence of retellings of the revolution from a feminine perspective in which the domestic space is privileged and the house and family work as a metaphor of the country. The three novels I analyze prioritize female protagonists and the female perspective, embracing a feminist critique of the traditionally patriarchal representation of the revolution. Each of them makes the presence of women visible, prioritizes domestic space as a place of enunciation of national imaginaries and portrays the home as a metaphor for the nation. These authors develop their own political agenda in order to become effective political actors, challenge the patriarchal order and claim their space and their right to participate in nation building.
This dissertation is written in Spanish.
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Maldonado, Jorge Higinio. "Relationships among poverty, financial services, human capital, risk coping, and natural resources : evidence from El Salvador and Bolivia /." Connect to this title online, 2004. http://www.gbv.de/dms/zbw/546703720.pdf.
Full textBooks on the topic "Authors, Bolivian"
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Salguero, Jaime Martínez. Tamayo, el hombre y la obra. La Paz, Bolivia: Librería Editorial Juventud, 1991.
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Brown, Lydia Parada de. Pereginación poética / Lydia Parada de Brown. Trinidad, Beni, Bolivia: [s.n.], 2002.
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Baciu, Stefan. Tristán Marof de cuerpo entero. La Paz, Bolivia: Ediciones ISLA, 1987.
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Hurtado, Edson. Antología de las letras vallegrandinas. La Paz, Bolivia]: Ayni, 2012.
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Mario, Lara López, ed. Wiñaypaj =: Para siempre : relato íntimo (póstumo). La Paz, Bolivia: Editorial Los Amigos del Libro, 1986.
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Gumucio, Mariano Baptista. Evocación de Augusto Céspedes. La Paz, Bolivia: N.L.E. Caraspas, 2000.
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Quirós, Juan. Fronteras movedizas: Crítica y estimación. La Paz, Bolivia: Ediciones Signo GH, 1992.
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Enciclopedia Gesta de autores de la literatura boliviana. 2nd ed. La Paz, Bolivia: Agencia Gesta de Servicio Informativo Cultural, 2005.
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Mariano, Baptista Gumucio, ed. Mis hazañas son mis libros. [La Paz, Bolivia?]: Plural Editores, 2000.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Authors, Bolivian"
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Murillo, Marcela. "The Monstrous Portrayal of the Maternal Bolivian Chola in Contemporary Comics." In Monstrous Women in Comics, 135–51. University Press of Mississippi, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496827623.003.0009.
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This chapter reads three contemporary Bolivian comics with the goal of analyzing their representations of indigenous Aymara or Quechua (chola) mothers. The author of this chapter demonstrates how normative Bolivian discourses of maternity frame cholas as grotesque but, how recent changes in government policies and in economic conditions, have empowered chola women and have resulted in changes in how they are represented in social arenas such as theater. In light of such shifts, this chapter asks whether comics too have evolved beyond monstrous representations of chola maternity.
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Brown, Katie. "Conclusion." In Writing and the Revolution, 171–74. Liverpool University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781786942197.003.0008.
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The conclusion summarizes the findings of the study and reiterates how this research is in dialogue with previous studies of the Bolivarian Revolution. It stresses the enduring importance of the national – both Bolivarian cultural policy and Venezuela’s absence from international literary circuits – on the form and content of contemporary fiction. This book concludes that self-reflexivity gives these novels agency, allowing their authors to explore and challenge the ideas about literary value found in Bolivarian cultural policy. This research therefore contributes to scholarly discussion about the uses of metafiction and intertextuality in contemporary literature. The conclusion also reiterates that these novels deserve international scholarly attention, a first step towards rectifying the lack of contemporary Venezuelan narrative in Latin American Studies.
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Landau, David, Yaniv Roznai, and Rosalind Dixon. "Term Limits and the Unconstitutional Constitutional Amendment Doctrine." In The Politics of Presidential Term Limits, 53–74. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198837404.003.0004.
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This chapter examines the interaction between term limit provisions and the unconstitutional constitutional amendment doctrine in Latin America. It illustrates the varied approaches of courts concerning the validity of attempts to amend presidential term limits. In Colombia, the Constitutional Court intervened to prevent what it saw as an undue easing of term limits (after permitting one round of easing); in Venezuela, Ecuador, and Bolivia, courts generally allowed attempts to ease or eliminate term limit using less demanding rather than more demanding procedural routes; and in Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Honduras, and Bolivia, judiciaries deployed the unconstitutional constitutional amendment doctrine in order to eliminate rather than to protect term limits. After mapping the major constitutional decisions issued on this issue in Latin America in recent years, the authors argue that transnational anchoring holds some promise in clarifying the proper scope of control of constitutional change regarding term limits.
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Ryburn, Megan. "Introduction." In Uncertain Citizenship, 1–12. University of California Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520298767.003.0008.
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The introduction sets out the framing of the book in terms of transnational spaces of citizenship and the lens of uncertainty. It introduces the five sites in Chile and Bolivia where research was undertaken and describes the multi-sited ethnographic methodological approach used. It also engages in discussion of reflexivity and the author’s positionality. The introduction finishes with an overview of the organization of the book.
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Brown, Katie. "Writing and Distinction." In Writing and the Revolution, 61–80. Liverpool University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781786942197.003.0003.
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Chapter 2 considers both the protagonists and the authors of the novels in this study as ‘writer-critics’ who share their ideas about literary quality through discussion of both their own writing and other people’s. As institutions set up during the Punto Fijo period (1958-1998) to endow writers with literary capital and raise the reputation of Venezuela in international literary circles have been subsumed into the Bolivarian ‘Platform for the Book’, some writers and critics are concerned that a focus on ideology will undermine literary quality. In Transilvania unplugged (Sánchez Rugeles, 2011), Todas las lunas (Kozak Rovero, 2011) and Rating (Barrera Tyszka, 2011), characters both attest to the significance of well-written literature for them and display their literary knowledge and tastes as a sign of distinction. As professional writers move away from the state, they are faced with new challenges, in the form of the demands of international literary markets. Throughout La fama, o es venérea, o no es fama (Castañeda, 2012), the author-narrator is caught between an aspiration to write challenging and experimental fiction and a desire for commercial success.
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Brown, Katie. "Introduction." In Writing and the Revolution, 1–44. Liverpool University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781786942197.003.0001.
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The introduction posits the enduring importance of the national in Venezuelan literature, in contrast to recent theories of ‘global’ Latin American literature. It argues that factors including the absence of Venezuela from the ‘Boom’ and low levels of migration from Venezuela until the 21st century have limited the opportunities for the global circulation of Venezuelan literature, thereby making national markets and the cultural policy of the Bolivarian Revolution more significant. This cultural policy is then outlined, as well as recent developments in national publishing outside the state system. The introduction also includes an overview of the eight novels and authors to be studied, as well as a summary of relevant theories of metafiction, autofiction and intertextuality in relation to these texts.
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Brown, Katie. "Fiction and Reality." In Writing and the Revolution, 148–70. Liverpool University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781786942197.003.0007.
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Chapter 6 demonstrates how fiction that highlights its own constructed nature is not only a reaction against the delegitimisation of the author as an individual talent in Bolivarian cultural policy, but also a challenge to the grand narratives of nationalism and socialism propagated by the government. These metafictional texts encourage readers to recognise the blurring of the boundary between truth and fiction at the heart of the increasingly violent and destructive polarization of Venezuelan society. The metafictional aspects of Bajo las hojas (Centeno, 2010), Rating (Barrera Tyzka, 2011) and El niño malo… (Chirinos, 2004) are a message to readers to detect fiction outside of the novel: in official histories, ‘reality’ television, news reports and political rhetoric.
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Salanova, Andrés Pablo, and Adam Tallman. "Nominalizations, case domains, and restructuring in two Amazonian languages." In Nominalization, 363–90. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198865544.003.0015.
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In ‘Nominalizations, case domains, and restructuring in two Amazonian languages’ Salanova and Tallman examine the synchronic state of two constructions whose diachronic origin in constructions that embed nominalizations is clear. Though nominal morphology in the lower clause and subordinating elements such as adpositions are the most obvious signs of their structure, the primary motivation in the literature for proposing embedding of nominalized clauses has been to explain unusual alignment patterns: In languages that are normally ergative, these constructions are associated with a double nominative (or double unmarked) alignment. This is the case in the two constructions examined, and so their discussion is built around the alignment observed in them. The data come from Mẽbêngôkre, a Northern Jê language spoken in central Brazil, and of similar facts in Chácobo, a Panoan language spoken in northern Bolivia, where, however, the status of the relevant construction as a nominalization is less clear categorially speaking. The authors propose an analysis of these constructions that capitalizes on the presence of two case domains in these languages.<171>
Reports on the topic "Authors, Bolivian"
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Bagley, Margo. Genome Editing in Latin America: CRISPR Patent and Licensing Policy. Inter-American Development Bank, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003409.
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The power and promise of genome editing, CRISPR specifically, was first realized with the discovery of CRISPR loci in the 1980s.i Since that time, CRISPR-Cas systems have been further developed enabling genome editing in virtually all organisms across the tree of life.i In the last few years, we have seen the development of a diverse set of CRISPR-based technologies that has revolutionized genome manipulation.ii Enabling a more diverse set of actors than has been seen with other emerging technologies to redefine research and development for biotechnology products encompassing food, agriculture, and medicine.ii Currently, the CRISPR community encompasses over 40,000 authors at 20,000 institutions that have documented their research in over 20,000 published and peer-reviewed studies.iii These CRISPR-based genome editing tools have promised tremendous opportunities in agriculture for the breeding of crops and livestock across the food supply chain. Potentially addressing issues associated with a growing global population, sustainability concerns, and possibly help address the effects of climate change.i These promises however, come along-side concerns of environmental and socio-economic risks associated with CRISPR-based genome editing, and concerns that governance systems are not keeping pace with the technological development and are ill-equipped, or not well suited, to evaluate these risks. The Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) launched an initiative in 2020 to understand the complexities of these new tools, their potential impacts on the LAC region, and how IDB may best invest in its potential adoption and governance strategies. This first series of discussion documents: “Genome Editing in Latin America: Regulatory Overview,” and “CRISPR Patent and Licensing Policy” are part of this larger initiative to examine the regulatory and institutional frameworks surrounding gene editing via CRISPR-based technologies in the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) regions. Focusing on Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Honduras, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay, they set the stage for a deeper analysis of the issues they present which will be studied over the course of the next year through expert solicitations in the region, the development of a series of crop-specific case studies, and a final comprehensive regional analysis of the issues discovered.
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Kuiken, Todd, and Jennifer Kuzma. Genome Editing in Latin America: Regional Regulatory Overview. Inter-American Development Bank, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003410.
Full textAbstract:
The power and promise of genome editing, CRISPR specifically, was first realized with the discovery of CRISPR loci in the 1980s.3 Since that time, CRISPR-Cas systems have been further developed enabling genome editing in virtually all organisms across the tree of life.3 In the last few years, we have seen the development of a diverse set of CRISPR-based technologies that has revolutionized genome manipulation.4 Enabling a more diverse set of actors than has been seen with other emerging technologies to redefine research and development for biotechnology products encompassing food, agriculture, and medicine.4 Currently, the CRISPR community encompasses over 40,000 authors at 20,000 institutions that have documented their research in over 20,000 published and peer-reviewed studies.5 These CRISPR-based genome editing tools have promised tremendous opportunities in agriculture for the breeding of crops and livestock across the food supply chain. Potentially addressing issues associated with a growing global population, sustainability concerns, and possibly help address the effects of climate change.4 These promises however, come along-side concerns of environmental and socio-economic risks associated with CRISPR-based genome editing, and concerns that governance systems are not keeping pace with the technological development and are ill-equipped, or not well suited, to evaluate these risks. The Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) launched an initiative in 2020 to understand the complexities of these new tools, their potential impacts on the LAC region, and how IDB may best invest in its potential adoption and governance strategies. This first series of discussion documents: “Genome Editing in Latin America: Regulatory Overview,” and “CRISPR Patent and Licensing Policy” are part of this larger initiative to examine the regulatory and institutional frameworks surrounding gene editing via CRISPR-based technologies in the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) regions. Focusing on Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Honduras, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay, they set the stage for a deeper analysis of the issues they present which will be studied over the course of the next year through expert solicitations in the region, the development of a series of crop-specific case studies, and a final comprehensive regional analysis of the issues discovered.