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Academic literature on the topic 'Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)'
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Journal articles on the topic "Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)"
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Kim, Hyun Jung, and Emily Carol. "Autism Spectrum Disorder and Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders." Psychiatric Annals 53, no. 5 (2023): 209–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/00485713-20230424-01.
Full textAbstract:
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) are currently conceptualized as distinct illnesses. However, there has been considerable debate over the association between these two disorders. Research findings over the last decade suggest a number of overlapping domains between ASD and SSD: shared environmental risk factors, genetics, neurobiological features, brain imaging, clinical features, and comorbidities. These commonalities lead to significant challenges in differentiating between the core symptoms of ASD and SSD. Misinterpretation of symptoms is common in clinical practice, particularly while working with young people at the early stage of these neurodevelopmental conditions, such as first-episode psychosis or clinical high risk. It is essential for mental health professionals to know about research-informed clinical guidelines on how to differentiate ASD and SSD in the clinical setting. [ Psychiatr Ann . 2023;53(5):209–215.]
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G, Perrotta. "Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) : Definition, Contexts, Neural Correlates and Clinical Strategies." Neurology & Neurotherapy Open Access Journal 4, no. 2 (2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/nnoaj-16000136.
Full textAbstract:
Starting from the general concept of "autism spectrum disorders", as contained in the manual of psychiatric disorders DSM, version V, we proceeded to contextualize the definition distinguishing it from other pathological forms (eg Asperger, disintegrative disorder of childhood, Rett and the pervasive disorder not otherwise specified), as was previously listed in the DSM - IV version, orienting the subject examined with a whole series of focus on neurobiological and clinical profiles. It then concluded with further att ention to the therapeutic context, from the psychotherapeutic approach to the pharmacological one, to manage the pathological consequences of the disorder, with particular attention to the most important and recent scientific discoveries, such as etiologic al theories of the pathological condition and the best treatments to prefer. It was concluded that recent research in the field of neuroscience has contributed significantly to the reconstruction of a pathology with outlines and an etiology that is still n ot well defined. Giving value to the neuropsicobiological bases of autism, giving value to the technical profiles related to the microscopic alterations in specific brain areas, contextualizing in a more defined way also to behavioral disorders related to autism spectrum disorders.
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Danesh, Ali A., Stephanie Howery, Hashir Aazh, Wafaa Kaf, and Adrien A. Eshraghi. "Hyperacusis in Autism Spectrum Disorders." Audiology Research 11, no. 4 (2021): 547–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/audiolres11040049.
Full textAbstract:
Hyperacusis is highly prevalent in the autism spectrum disorder (ASD) population. This auditory hypersensitivity can trigger pragmatically atypical reactions that may impact social and academic domains. Objective: The aim of this report is to describe the relationship between decreased sound tolerance disorders and the ASD population. Topics covered: The main topics discussed include (1) assessment and prevalence of hyperacusis in ASD; (2) etiology of hyperacusis in ASD; (3) treatment of hyperacusis in ASD. Conclusions: Knowledge of the assessment and treatment of decreased sound tolerance disorders within the ASD population is growing and changing.
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Chauhan, Kavita, Veerta Sharma, Heena Khan, Amarjot Kaur, and Thakur Gurjeet Singh. "Chemical Induced Rodent Model of Autism Spectrum Disorders." Journal of Pharmaceutical Technology, Research and Management 10, no. 2 (2022): 133–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.15415/jptrm.2022.102003.
Full textAbstract:
The term Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) refers to a neuro-developmental disorder that include repetitive behaviours, extremely constrained interests and deficits in social communication. In the last ten years, the numerous epidemiological papers discussing connection between autism and environmental chemical exposures has significantly increased. These findings are crucial because they focus on modifiable risk factors that may open up new possibilities for the primary prevention of the autism-related disability, which is now recognised to be more strongly related to environmental factors than was previously thought. A variety of environmental factors have been known as significant factors relevant to aetiology of ASD, such as lead and mercury (heavy metals), PCB(organic contaminant) and phthalates and BPA. The most accurate animal model of autism among all other models is valproic acid-induced autism, which can reproduce almost all of the molecular and cellular changes seen in humans with ASD. This review provide insight into various diagnostic available for autism, pathophysiology of autism and animal model of autism to develop a pharmacological therapeutic intervention for the treatment of disease.
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Kyriakopoulos, M. "Psychosis and Autism Spectrum Disorders." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (2017): S45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.198.
Full textAbstract:
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and schizophrenia were separated into different diagnostic categories in the late 1970's (DSM-III) having previously been considered as related diagnostic entities. Since then, several lines of evidence have indicated that these disorders show clinical and cognitive overlaps as well as some common neurobiological characteristics. Furthermore, there is a group of patients presenting with ASD and psychotic experiences who pose particular diagnostic and management challenges and may represent a subgroup of ASD more closely linked to psychosis. Evidence from a study of the first empirically derived classification of children with ASD in relation to psychosis based on three underlying symptom dimensions, anxiety, social deficits and thought disorder, will be presented. Further phenomenological, genetic and neuroimaging research on the clinical boundaries and overlapping pathophysiology of ASD and psychosis may help better define their relationship and lead to more effective interventions. Understanding this relationship will also provide a framework of working with patients with mixed clinical presentations.Disclosure of interestThe author declares that he has no competing interest.
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Mercer, Johanna E., and Clare Sarah Allely. "Autism spectrum disorders and stalking." Journal of Criminal Psychology 10, no. 3 (2020): 201–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcp-01-2020-0003.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose Despite an increasing number of studies that examine sexual offending behaviour in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) individuals, there has been a lack of research investigating stalking and ASD. This study aims to carry out a scoping review following PRISMA guidelines to identify studies which have been carried out exploring stalking behaviour in individuals with threshold or subthreshold ASD. Design/methodology/approach A total of five bibliographic databases were searched to identify studies which explored ASD in relation to stalking and harassment (including case studies as well as empirical studies). Findings A total of five relevant articles were identified in the present review. One article contained a case study. In a short report, the authors discussed stalking and ASD. One paper explored ASD and stalking behaviour in employment settings and specific interventions that could be used in such environments. Another paper focused on stalking behaviour in those with ASD in school settings. The final paper examined stalking and social and romantic functioning in individuals with ASD. This final paper contained only the empirical study identified in this search. Practical implications The studies identified in this review clearly highlight the need for intensive socio-sexual interventions to improve social interaction skills and romantic functioning in individuals with ASD. There is also a need for schools to provide sex education programs for individuals with ASD. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first review looking at ASD and stalking.
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Chekaleva, N., Z. Kulsharipova, L. Syrymbetova, B. Matayev та D. Omarova. "Сomprehensive support of children with autistic spectrum disorders". Bulletin of the Karaganda University. Pedagogy series 101, № 1 (2021): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2021ped1/33-40.
Full textAbstract:
Today, autism is a significant social problem that is becoming more widespread, affecting children who have the same type of developmental problems, but with different options for overcoming them. This is what causes the idea of autism as a set of autism spectrum disorders. Children with ASD are a polymorphic group, which manifests itself in psychological and pedagogical features, which complicates social adaptation. In psychological and pedagogical terms, children with ASD are allocated to a special group, since interaction is built differently due to qualitative communication disorders. In many cases, children with ASD who come to school have unformed learning behaviors. For the successful development of the program material in children with ASD, it is necessary to form a stereotype of educational behavior, on which all school education is based. Deficits in the formation of these skills can lead to a longer period of adaptation of the child in school and to difficulties in mastering the program. In this article, we consider the necessary skills, the formation of which is aimed at psychological and pedagogical assistance to a child with ASD in preparation for school.
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Nguyen Thi My, Linh, Vi Vu Nguyen Tuong, Quynh Mai Thuy, and An Nguyen Nu Tam. "Comparative naturalistic and behavioral intervention for autism spectrum disorders." Journal of Science Educational Science 67, no. 5A (2022): 350–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.18173/2354-1075.2022-0150.
Full textAbstract:
There are many evidence-based approaches and strategies worldwide for children with autism spectrum disorders that can support reducing the core deficits of these disorders. Therefore, the article compared behavioral approaches and developmental approaches in the intervention for children with autism following the 3 main criteria: (1) Basic requirements and characteristics in intervention for children with autism spectrum disorder; (2) Comparison of behavioral approaches (represented as ABA) and developmental approaches (DIR\Floortime, RDI) in autism spectrum disorder's intervention; and (3) The choice of behavioral approaches and developmental approaches in autism spectrum disorder's intervention. Each approach has its own principles and uses different techniques and methods, so each approach can bring different results. After comparing the research results using these two approaches, it is found that there is no single intervention approach that is effective for all children with ASD. Educators should combine approaches appropriate to each child's developmental stage.
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Vasa, Roma A., Connie Anderson, Alison R. Marvin, et al. "Mood Disorders in Mothers of Children on the Autism Spectrum Are Associated with Higher Functioning Autism." Autism Research and Treatment 2012 (2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/435646.
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Mood disorders occur more frequently in family members of individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) than in the general population. There may be associations between maternal mood disorder history patterns and specific ASD phenotypes. We therefore examined the relationship between maternal mood disorders and child autism spectrum disorders in 998 mother-child dyads enrolled in a national online autism registry and database. Mothers of children with ASD completed online questionnaires addressing their child’s ASD as well as their own mood disorder history. In multivariate logistic regression models of ASD diagnoses, the odds of an Asperger disorder versus autistic disorder diagnosis were higher among those children whose mothers had a lifetime history of bipolar disorder (OR 2.11, CI 1.20, 3.69) or depression (OR 1.62, CI 1.19, 2.19). Further, maternal mood disorder onset before first pregnancy was associated with higher odds (OR 2.35, CI 1.48, 3.73) of an Asperger versus autism diagnosis among this sample of children with ASD. These data suggest that differences in maternal mood disorder history may be associated with ASD phenotype in offspring.
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Malow, Beth, and Angela Maxwell-Horn. "Sleep in Autism." Seminars in Neurology 37, no. 04 (2017): 413–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1604353.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that has increased in prevalence over the last several decades. A significant proportion of children with ASD have comorbid sleep disorders. The interplay between ASD and sleep is multifactorial and bidirectional. There is evidence for physiological differences in ASD that contribute to sleep problems, including sensory overresponsiveness (SOR) and abnormal melatonin production. Comorbidities associated with ASD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder [ADHD], mood disorders) as well as medications used to treat these comorbidities often have effects on sleep architecture. In this article the authors discuss the etiology and manifestations of sleep disorders in children with ASD, as well as their clinical evaluation and treatment options.