Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Autochtones – Canada'
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Théberge, Sarah. "Traduction française de récits autochtones du Canada comportant des mots empruntés aux langues indigènes." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2009. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/2605.
Full textRodon, Thierry. "Coexistence ou domination?, l'expérience de cogestion des Autochtones du Canada." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0027/NQ36319.pdf.
Full textGirard, Nikolas. "Situation des autochtones urbains au Canada : estimation de la discrimination." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26615.
Full textLes problèmes sociaux, financiers et familiaux vécus par les Autochtones ont des conséquences majeures sur l'économie publique canadienne. Les études sont néanmoins déficientes concernant les Autochtones vivant dans de grands centres urbains. Dans ce mémoire, nous tentons de quantifier, à partir du revenu, la discrimination envers les Autochtones vivant dans une grande ville canadienne. Le but principal est à savoir s'il existe une discrimination envers les Autochtones qui peut expliquer l'écart dans le revenu par rapport aux autres canadiens. Pour tenter d'évaluer cette discrimination potentielle, nous utilisons des méthodes d'appariements ainsi que différentes variantes de la décomposition Oaxaca-Blinder. À partir de notre échantillon de 5115 individus, dont 2614 Autochtones, les résultats indiquent que l'écart dans le revenu des Autochtones et des Non-autochtones est expliqué à 72,2% (Décomposition Oaxaca-Blinder de Base), 49,2% (Décomposition Oaxaca-Blinder avec pondération Reimers) et 50,9% (Décomposition Oaxaca-Blinder détaillée et pooled) par la composante captant la différence dans les caractéristiques observables, alors que le reste est expliqué par des rendements marginaux inférieurs sur les caractéristiques observables, qui peut aussi correspondre à de la discrimination. Les résultats suggèrent donc la présence de discrimination envers les Autochtones qui serait supérieure à celle que vivent les femmes sur le marché du travail.
The social, financial and domestic difficulties undergone by the Aboriginals have major consequences on the Canadian public economy. Although, there is a lack of studies concerning the Aboriginals living in urban areas. In this thesis, we attempt, according the income, to quantify the discrimination against the Aboriginals living in a major Canadian city. The main objective is to be informed of any form of discrimination against the Aboriginals explaining the gap between them, and the rest of the Canadian population. In an attempt to evaluate this potential discrimination, we use matching and decomposition methods. According to our sample of 5115 individuals, of which there is 2614 Aboriginals, the results suggest that the gap in the income between the Aboriginals and the Non-aboriginals is explained between 50% and 75% by the component evaluating the difference in the characteristics, while the difference is explained by the one evaluating the gap in the marginal returns on these characteristics. The last one is similar to a component estimating the discrimination. Therefore, the results show that there is discrimination against the Aboriginals which would be higher to the one against women in the labour market.
Renaud, Charlène. "La peine de mort et les autochtones au Canada (1940-1960)." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0009/MQ38762.pdf.
Full textAlba, Virginie. "Les productions littéraires de Jeannette C. Armstrong, Beth Brant et Lee Maracle : des exemples de l'activisme politique chez les femmes autochtones au Canada : une approche non-autochtone." Toulouse 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOU20115.
Full textThis thesis’ title reflects the topics which are dealt with in it as well as the perspective with which they are looked into, that is to say in a sympathetic and critical way, with a strong awareness of my own identity. This work finds its context within the frame work of a self-reflexive use of the feminist, postmodern and postcolonial theories in which the latter are applied to themselves. From the study of the literature considered here and following the theoretical questioning movement and the reading positions taken in this study, the dominating modern, feminist, postmodern and postcolonial theories in the literary, sociological, anthropological and political fields will be evaluated. The partial inadequacies of these theories as related to the realities and the goals pursued by native women in Canada will be unveiled. Drawing inspiration from native authors and native literature in general, and in particular from the theoretical contributions made in those fields by the authors and their writings, this thesis will outline the theoretical intertextuality of these texts attempt to shed some light on what the authors borrow and reject from these theories. This thesis also attempts to understand the diversity in the definitions of nativeness and Canadianness as well as the relations between orality and literature, between feminism end nativeness, two-spiritedness and nativeness and between traditions and renewed traditions. This research is organized to stand for an exchange space on the topic of the role and characteristics of women, men, “minorities”, of their speech acts in the states/nations/pluricultural or multicultural societies as well as an exchange space on the topic of the literary, philosophical, social, political orientations of today and tomorrow’s democratic societies. This work also attempts to show the necessity for the diffusion of the contents of these so-called minority authors and actor’s speech acts. At the same time, it also means to demonstrate that though the stakes of the multiple translations’ process implied are important and that the dangers of theoretical manicheisms and essentialisms this diffusion process involves are important, these works nonetheless reveal the imperative aspects of the realization of the communication negotiations bore by the translations
Tétreault, Daniel. "L'autonomie politique des peuples autochtones au Canada : l'expérience des cris du Québec." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5355.
Full textGobit, Johanna. "Territoire politique et identités autochtones-spatialités en mutation : le cas de la communauté inuit des îles Belcher au Nunavut (Canada)." Bordeaux 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR30029.
Full textOn April, 1st 1999, the creation of a third territory called Nunavut led to a reorganisation of the internal boundaries of Canada. After some 30-year negociations, Nunavut has become a territory with a strong identity, but with no ethnic meaning. The land is peopled up to 85% by Inuit natives who follow their own policy. To understand the way the Inuit have built Nunavut and now experience and dream it on a day-to-day basis, our investigation led us to a conceptual, epistemological and methodological inquiry. We first questioned the research methods that were used by our predecessors and some basic concepts underlying Western geographical notions such as that of "territory". In achieving a form of political territory, the Inuit had to fit their own conception of the territory -based on a cosmogony in which the Earth is the mother of men- to the Western ideological model of territory. By acknowledging the right men have upon the Earth, the Nunavut political territory disrupts the foundations of the inuit sense of place. When they chose to belong to Nunavut, the Inuit community of the Belcher islands turned their back on the social and spatial networks that connected them to Nunavik. They decided instead that their essential spatial identity should be linked to the core territory of Hudson Bay and James Bay. This example shows that the creation of Nunavut led to the expression of a foundational sense of place. This was mainly possible because of the way Inuit leaders negotiated with the Federal, by instilling their own cultural values at each step of the negotiations. Nunavut materializes the adjustment of a territorial model by a native ideology of space
David, Jean-Denis. "Les Peuples autochtones et la confiance dans la police au Canada : exploration des facteurs influents." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37956.
Full textSavard, Jean-François. "Approche comparative de la gestion des politiques autochtones au Canada et aux États-Unis." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq33750.pdf.
Full textWawanoloath, Maxime-Auguste. "Aspects discursifs de l’assimilationnisme relatif aux peuples autochtones et du colonialisme d’établissement au Canada." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32379.
Full textMénard, Marion. "Les organisations autochtones et l'émergence d'un nouveau paradigme dans les affaires indiennes du Canada." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/9950.
Full textJohnson-Bégin, Simon. "L'application des instruments de protection des droits et libertés de la personne chez les peuples autochtones du Canada." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29906/29906.pdf.
Full textThis paper examines the application of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedom, as well as that of the provincials and federal human rights acts to the Aboriginal people of Canada. Regarding the Canadian Charter, it verifies to which extent the different types of Aboriginal governments are bound by the Charter. It follows by studying the relationship between aboriginal and treaty rights and the Canadian Charter by insisting on the fact that a part of the Constitution cannot abrogate or derogate from one another. As for the provincials and federal acts, it examines the influence of the distribution of powers on their application. As such, it seeks to determine under what circumstances human rights are considered to be of provincial or federal jurisdiction, and then applies those principles to aboriginal matters. It then reaffirms that these acts are subject to aboriginal and treaty rights according to the Constitutional Act, 1982.
Mejia, Mesa Oscar. "Maîtres chez-nous? : fédéralisme, fédérations et autonomie autochtone dans les Amériques." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/36276.
Full textIn the last decades of the twentieth century, the Americas experienced an undeniable resurgence of indigenous peoples. At the political level, that revival brought to the forefront the demands for autonomy through which Indigenous peoples sought to establish a fairer framework of relationships with the state. This dissertation examines how two federations – polities that, according to some scholars, embody the principles of federalism as combination of shared and autonomous government – respond to the demands of indigenous autonomy. Thus, based on the observation that institutional adaptation of Canadian and Mexican federations has been insufficient to meet the autonomic aspirations of Indigenous peoples, the dissertation addresses a normative exploration on the restoration of Indigenous self-government and reconciliation of Indigenous and state sovereignty through federalism.
Baillairgé, Caroline. "Les droits linguistiques des peuples autochtones au Québec et en Ontario." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/22818.
Full textYves, Michel. "Présentation et représentation dans la culture primitive des autochtones du Québec." Aix-Marseille 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX10074.
Full textÉmond, André. "Le rapport historique fondateur des obligations de la Couronne envers les sociétés autochtones du Canada." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/nq26061.pdf.
Full textSahr, Sylvia. "Grey Owl, les autochtones et la perception environnementale au Canada au début du XXe siècle." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23973/23973.pdf.
Full textThrough an analysis of the environmental discourse of the author and speaker Grey Owl (1888 – 1938), this thesis studies the environmental perception of Native and Western cultures in Canada in the early 20th century. The objective is to identify the environmental perception in its dependency of the state of Nature, the epoch and the culture of the individual and the society. Avant-gardist, Grey Owl integrated elements of a sustainable way of life and ecotourism in his discourse. He too represented the ambivalence of Western societies to the Nature. Without his transformation into a Native, this Englishman with his long hair could not have made known the necessity of saving the wilderness and the native cultures to a wide audience. He contributed to the romantic image created from the Natives by the Western societies. Still today, long after the colonization, the Natives, peoples dear to Grey Owl, feel a loss of identity.
Sähr, Sylvia. "Grey Owl, les autochtones et la perception environnementale au Canada au début du XXe siècle." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/19053.
Full textThrough an analysis of the environmental discourse of the author and speaker Grey Owl (1888 – 1938), this thesis studies the environmental perception of Native and Western cultures in Canada in the early 20th century. The objective is to identify the environmental perception in its dependency of the state of Nature, the epoch and the culture of the individual and the society. Avant-gardist, Grey Owl integrated elements of a sustainable way of life and ecotourism in his discourse. He too represented the ambivalence of Western societies to the Nature. Without his transformation into a Native, this Englishman with his long hair could not have made known the necessity of saving the wilderness and the native cultures to a wide audience. He contributed to the romantic image created from the Natives by the Western societies. Still today, long after the colonization, the Natives, peoples dear to Grey Owl, feel a loss of identity.
Journée, Aurélie. "Artistes femmes, queer et autochtones face à leur(s) image(s) : pour une histoire intersectionnelle et décoloniale des arts contemporains autochtones aux Etats-Unis et au Canada (1969-2019)." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EHES0105.
Full textIn the late 1960s, the Indians of All Tribes lead a movement of social protests to get their rights to sovereignty and self-determination recognized as peoples. The American Indian Movement take over these political, social, and cultural issues. Together, Indigenous women and men start a process of emancipation that has been blocked by assimilationist US governmental policies. In Canada, collective movements also rise in the 80s and 90s, with the highest points during the Restigouche events (1984) and the Oka Crisis (1990). These major events inspire a whole generation of young Indigenous artists and women in particular, who study mostly at the Institute of American Indian Arts of Santa Fe (New-Mexico). Thanks to their education, they develop transdisciplinary artistic practices between art and ethnography that highlight the porosity and the flakiness of the borders that have been created in all the sectors by the dominant society against groups regarded as minorities. To do so, the “photographique” – that designates the photographic practice, technics and image – become a strategic technical and technological tool of reappropriation and reaffirmation of their identities and representation. These women and queer artists question, thanks to this medium, the ways they have been presented and re-represent themselves in the context of critical practices of the stereotypes that they have been facing for several centuries of cultural appropriation. It enables them to rethink their identities, the relationships to their bodies, their sexualities and genders, in terms of paradigms specific to their own spiritualities. Through artistic and political images, based on an analogy made between the violation of their rights, the exploitation of their lands and territories, and the feminicides perpetuate, they continue to take part in actual resistance movements against extractivist projects where they are again at the frontline. Based upon an iconographic corpus made of almost 200 artworks, through the 70s till now, and individual interviews with women and queer artists and militants from the US and Canada, this dissertation aims to show how these images – photographic in particular – try to set up new epistemologies in an intersectional, decolonial and anticapitalist perspective, as part of a process of reaffirmation of the inherent rights of Indigenous peoples, guaranteed by the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (2007)
Robinaud, Marion. "Religieuses au cœur des communautés indiennes : mémoires féminines des missions de l'Ouest canadien." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0128/document.
Full textCatholic missions to North American Indian territories in Canada offer an experimental laboratory of the intercultural encounters for the social sciences. This doctoral thesis proposes a comparative anthropology of two cultural areas, particularly with regard to two points : the adaptation processes to alterity and the cultural construction of the female gender. We propose to ask how the context of the mission allows compare two cultures in their relation to each other, and how this respective alterity can highlight two versions of the female gender ? To do this, the focus will be on the life stories of Catholic missionary nuns who worked with the North American Indian people (from Western Canada in the twentieth century), just as well the classic North-Amerindian ethnography, completed and strengthened with new testimonies. Our questioning becomes clear in three stages. First, with an ethnography of the protagonists of the encounter : missionary nuns and Aboriginal peoples of Western Canada are presented. Then, the analysis continues with the questioning of the adaptation processes to alterity, which can be defined by the inculturation principle on the one hand, and by adoption and appropriation logic on the other. Finally, we propose to bring to light the cultural construction of the female gender through the experiences lived in this missionary intercultural encounter context. By questioning cultural diversity in this context, we hope to highlight the stakes of cultural productions in the permanent dialogues and negotiations between these two worlds that encounter each other
Dura, Helin-Subhi. "Étude des partenariats économiques entre les communautés autochtones et l’industrie forestière au Québec." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66576.
Full textHoude, Marie. "La rationalité judiciaire dans l'appréciation du témoignage : le cas de la preuve par récits oraux dans le contentieux relatif aux droits des peuples autochtones." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29348/29348.pdf.
Full textFerland, Daniel. "Les rapports entre Autochtones et Blancs dans le sport de la crosse de la région de Montréal au XIXe siècle." [S.l. : s.n.], 2007.
Find full textMaraud, Simon. "Mobilisation de la Nature en territoires autochtones : comparaison entre le Sapmi (Suède) et Eeyou Istchee (Canada)." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/40189.
Full textLe Sápmi (territoire traditionnel des Samis) et Eeyou Istchee (territoire traditionnel des Cris ou Eenouch) sont depuis plusieurs décennies des espaces de contestations qui se confrontent à la définition hégémonique de la Nature et des pratiques légitimes de l'environnement, imposée par les colonisations québécoise (et canadienne) et suédoise. À la fin du XXe et au début du XXIe siècles, ces deux Nords sont devenus des espaces-laboratoires d'intégration des Autochtones dans la gouvernance de leurs territoires. Progressivement, la protection de la Nature a permis la création d'arènes nouvelles au sein desquelles semblent s'opérer des reconfigurations des structures de pouvoir, laissant alors plus de place aux valeurs et aux territorialités samies et cries. Ce travail analyse la réappropriation de la gestion des aires protégées afin d'en comprendre les enjeux camouflés. Deux territoires sont au cœur de la thèse: le Site du patrimoine mondial de l'UNESCO de Laponia et le Parc national du Québec d'Assinica (en cours de création). Le contexte de développement dans lequel s'insèrent ces deux processus en complexifie grandement la problématique. Ces deux études de cas conduisent à questionner cette accession à des structures de gestion des ressources naturelles - dont les Autochtones étaient jusqu'alors exclus - et à réfléchir aux possibles nouvelles formes de fonctionnement qui en émergent. L'objectif de ce travail est de comprendre les rapports de dominations qui prennent place dans la décolonisation de ces espaces de protection de la Nature chez les Samis et chez les Cris et leurs influences sur les éventuelles transformations structurelles qui en éclosent.
The Sápmi (traditional territory of the Sami of Sweden) and Eeyou Istchee (traditional territory of the Cree or Eenouch of north-eastern Canada) have been contested territories for several decades in the face of an hegemonic definition of "Nature" and its legitimized practices imposed by the Quebec (and Canadian) and Swedish states. In the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries, these two "Norths" became open laboratories for the integration of Aboriginal peoples in the governance of their territories. The thesis argues that protection of Nature has allowed the creation of new arenas in which reconfigurations of power structures might take place, thus leaving more room for Sami and Cree values and territorialities. This thesis analyzes the reappropriation of the management of protected areas in these territories in order to understand the stakes and the compromises involved. Two case studies are at the heart of this research: the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Laponia (Sweden) and the Quebec National Park of Assinica (under creation). The context of development in which the involvement of indigenous peoples in protected areas management takes place greatly complicates the process. The two case studies allow us to investigate the accession to natural resource management structures - from which the indigenous groups were previously excluded - and to reflect on the possible new forms of governance that are emerging from this accession. It is a question of understanding the relations of dominations which take place in the decolonization of these spaces of protection of Nature, and their influences on the possible structural transformations which emerge.
Motard, Geneviève. "Le principe de personnalité des lois comme voie d'émancipation des peuples autochtones? : analyse critique des ententes d'autonomie gouvernementale au Canada." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29669/29669.pdf.
Full textBurelli, Thomas. "Ni vues, ni connues : étude des contributions des acteurs des milieux autochtones et universitaires à l'encadrement de la circulation des savoirs traditionnels du Canada." Thesis, Perpignan, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PERP0013/document.
Full textThe circulation of traditional knowledge is a legal issue that has been the subject of many reflections and developments in various forums since the 1990s.Beyond the evolutions in international law and national legislation, very little attention has been paid to the normative contributions of researchers and Indigenous people. Yet, they are among the social actors who are most directly concerned by the issue of the circulation of traditional knowledge and potentially the most aware of the challenges in this area. Their contributions, however, remain in many cases largely underestimated and unknown. This is why, as part of our thesis, we have embarked on the collection, description and analysis of two major types of contributions : 1- Comprehensive approaches undertaken at the level of research institutions and Indigenous institutions to monitor relationships between indigenous peoples and researchers (eg ethical codes or research protocols) ; 2- more specific instruments at the scale of specific research projects through contractual practices between the Aboriginal communities and researchers. We managed to identify 121 instruments among which 65 general frameworks and 57 contracts
Caron, Christina. "Le principe constitutionnel de l'honneur de la couronne en droit autochtone canadien." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29253/29253.pdf.
Full textBasile, Suzy. "Le tourisme dans un contexte de prise en charge, deux cas autochtones : Manawan, Canada, et Ilulissat, Groenland." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ38004.pdf.
Full textMaraud, Simon. "Mobilisations de la nature en territoires autochtones : Comparaison entre le Sápmi (Suède) et Eeyou Istchee (Québec, Canada)." Thesis, Limoges, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIMO0003.
Full textThe Sápmi (traditional territory of the Sami of Sweden) and Eeyou Istchee (traditional territory of the Cree or Eenouch of north-eastern Canada) have been contested territories for several decades in the face of an hegemonic definition of “Nature” and its legitimized practices imposed by the Quebec (and Canadian) and Swedish states. In the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries, these two “Norths” became open laboratories for the integration of Aboriginal peoples in the governance of their territories. The thesis argues that protection of Nature has allowed the creation of new arenas in which reconfigurations of power structures might take place, thus leaving more room for Sami and Cree values and territorialities. This thesis analyzes the reappropriation of the management of protected areas in these territories in order to understand the stakes and the compromises involved. Two case studies are at the heart of this research: the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Laponia (Sweden) and the Quebec National Park of Assinica (under creation). The context of development in which the involvement of indigenous peoples in protected areas management takes place greatly complicates the process. The two case studies allow us to investigate the accession to natural resource management structures – from which the indigenous groups were previously excluded – and to reflect on the possible new forms of governance that are emerging from this accession. It is a question of understanding the relations of dominations which take place in the decolonization of these spaces of protection of Nature, and their influences on the possible structural transformations which emerge
Capitaine, Brieg. "Autochtonie et modernité : l'expérience des Innus au Canada." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0122.
Full textThe concept of modernity is intrinsically based on a break marking the boundary between modern society and the past. Indigenous peoples thus represent a real test case for social scientists who were able to observe in situ the multiple facets of the advent of a world that promised much freedom and progress but also uncertainty and lack of freedom. How do indigenous peoples experience modernity and what meaning do they give to their actions? This thesis is based on the ethnography of two Innu reserves in Quebec, more than thirty semi-structured interviews with actors of both communities, and an analysis of American Indian politics, legal documents and newspaper articles. This thesis focuses on the individuals without neglecting the forms of power that influence them, and explores the tension that indigenous societies experience in the creation of modern societies. While for over thirty years, the Innu fought for freedom and resisted the Canadian state, their actions also contributed to their confinement in a collective identity of victimization. This paradox inherent to the the indigenous movement took not the downfall of the Canadian nation-state, but rather one of the actors in its resurgence. Finally, aside from some political action that has been deemed destructive, certain individuals have taken it upon themselves to create a society that is no longer determined by the rules of the existing social system, but is a product of the identity of those at «the bottom». In conclusion, this thesis explores, through the double analysis of the subjectification by freedom, and of the political action for freedom, the tension that characterizes indigenous modernity
Gagnon, Mathieu. "Enquête morale sur le mépris envers les premières nations : le programme de conversion des Jésuites en Huronie au 17e siècle et le programme de civilisation britanno-canadien au 19e siècle." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28103/28103.pdf.
Full textBurelli, Thomas. "Ni vues, ni connues : étude des contributions des acteurs des milieux autochtones et universitaires à l'encadrement de la circulation des savoirs traditionnels au Canada." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/39666.
Full textRaynault-Desgagné, Patricia. "Les enjeux de la traduction d'ouvrages de sciences sociales sur les Autochtones au Québec, et traduction critique commentée d'un extrait de The White Man's Gonna Getcha: The Colonial Challenge to the Crees in Quebec par Toby Morantz." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/11242.
Full textAzzimani, Souad. "La perception du Canada à travers les magazines Time et Newsweek : 1995-2000." Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA030049.
Full textPerception of Canada in Time and Newsweek magazines (1995-2000) describes the Canadian presence in two main American newsmagazines. Canada appears as a peaceful country, even if, both magazines present violence-related stories involving Canadians. Canada is a multicultural country, and as far as diversity is concerned, the country does not seem peaceful. Quebeckers are divided concerning the question of their belonging to Canada and many other communities feel the effects of rejection (racism…); the Inuit and the French Quebeckers have chosen nationalism to express their different identities. While Canadians of different heritage are concerned by their identity in Canada, the whole country feels the impact of the American presence. And while Canadians focus on the substance of their national identity, Time and Newsweek journalists perceive Canada as a distinct country with its own characteristics based on peace, multiculturalism or even Nature; characteristics representing Canada in the world
Ouellette, Robert-Falcon. "Evaluating Aboriginal Curricula using a Cree-Métis perspective with a regard towards Indigenous knowledge." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/22939.
Full textClavreul, Mylène. "Le rôle de la Nation crie du Québec dans la gouvernance de la Baie James : dans quelle mesure?" Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6497.
Full textDepelteau, Julie. "Nitaskinan, territoire : analyse des discours des représentants politiques des Atikamekw Nehirowisiwok et des gouvernements coloniaux, 1973-2004." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/39368.
Full textSt-Hilaire, Maxime. "La lutte pour la pleine reconnaissance des droits ancestraux : problématique juridique et enquête philosophique." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30087/30087.pdf.
Full textThe respect of aboriginal peoples’ rights over their ancestral territory poses serious challenges for jurists. The challenge is best met by the conclusion of treaties. In Canada, this practice is hindered by the policy of “exchanging” vague rights for clearly defined ones. This policy affronts the aboriginal negotiating party, for whom the process should instead focus on the full recognition of aboriginal rights. The problem is a paradox for the jurist until a historical perspective coupled with a critique of legal thought shows how it results from the encounter between two different conceptions; not only of “aboriginal rights”, but of the very idea of “law”. This encounter is one between legal monism and legal pluralism. Even then, the jurist may feel ill-equipped to address the normative significance of the progressive recognition of the aboriginal juridical order by Canadian and supranational law. The defunct Innu Land Claims Agreement-in-Principle recognized ancestral rights as an expression of aboriginal identity. The Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples made “mutual recognition” the touchstone of its recommendations. The centrality of this theme of the “struggle for recognition” suggests that philosophy may provide much-needed guidance. Liberal multiculturalism and the politics of recognition authorize us to pose the hypothesis of a double struggle: for the legal protection of aboriginal legal cultures and for the presumption of their value. Yet, contrary to Charles Taylor, it was not multiculturalism that Axel Honneth had in mind when, at about the same time, he undertook the systematic reactualisation of what passes for a hegelian theme. This thesis presents itself as a philosophical inquiry into a legal problem. It also is a more general inquiry into the relevance of philosophy for the elucidation of legal problems.
Beaudet, Alexis. "Sous le signe du métissage : l'ethnogenèse intra-amérindienne des Malécites (1600-1750)." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/101.
Full textNicolas-Vullierme, Magali. "Les Rangers canadiens et les Rangers Juniors canadiens : vecteur de sécurité humaine des Inuit canadiens." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLV008.
Full textThis research focuses on identifying elements that can create an enabling environment for the protection of human security in Canada's Arctic communities. This study focuses on Nunavik, whose communities suffer from malaise and from many risks related to the concept of human security. To determine if this concept is applied in Canadian Arctic domestic policy, this research analyzes relational dynamics within Canadian Ranger patrols. Canadian Rangers’ patrols are composed mainly of indigenous under the responsibility of non-indigenous instructors. This exploratory research result of an analysis of a corpus of twenty-one interviews and field observations conducted in 2016 and 2017 in Quebec. According to our data, Rangers and Junior Ranger patrols function thanks to balanced relationships respecting Aboriginal culture. These balanced relationships help strengthening the human security of Arctic communities. According to this exploratory study, this reinforcement results from the relational dynamics and the support provided by the Arctic communities to these patrols. The Canadian government, through Canadian Ranger and Canadian Junior Ranger patrols, is thus indirectly contributing to the enhancement of human security in its Arctic communities in Quebec
Gingras-Tremblay, Arnaud. "Le régime minier et la reconnaissance judiciaire d'un titre ancestral sur le territoire québécois : un arrimage imparfait." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28155.
Full textThis paper examines the relationship between Aboriginal title and the Quebec mining regime. It examines the issues regarding the judicial recognition of an Aboriginal title in the Province of Quebec, more specifically regarding the applicable mining regime. Aboriginal title grants to its holders extended rights over the concerned territory. Such recognition implies compatibility issues with the applicable laws over the territory, particularly the ones regarding the use of this territory. Given the nature and the scope of the rights and obligations included in the Quebec mining regime, we may expect compatibility problems between this regime and Aboriginal title if this title is recognized. This paper examines the compatibility problems between these two concepts from the perspective of the division of powers in Canadian constitutional law and from the perspective of the property rights granted under the Quebec mining regime. The current analysis concludes that the Mining Act applies to lands held under Aboriginal title, but the provisions regarding real property rights in this same law may be incompatible with the rights granted by Aboriginal title.
Morin, Jean-Michel. "L'héritage colonial espagnol en Amérique : représentation canadienne-française de cette autre Amérique catholique, 1915-1965." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/8144.
Full textRoy, Jean-Olivier. "Une compréhension critique des nations et du nationalisme autochtones au Canada : traditionalisme et modernité politique et étude de cas sur les Innus au Québec." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25757.
Full textThis dissertation examines the evolving nature of indigenous nations and nationalism in Canada. Nations self-identification and normative foundations of indigenous nationalism are mainly rooted in tradition and continuity. In return, we note the increasing integration of indigenous discourse in a very modern repertoire, making use of concepts such as "self-determination", "sovereignty" citizenship and "government", among others, as certain political elites and citizens actions demonstrate a modern conception of the nation. Research therefore focuses on the impact of tradition and modernity in the contemporary definition of the nation and the indigenous nationalism. This research proposes a cross perspective between political thought, empirical analysis, and normative theories. Two interpretive scenarios are considered. First, the thesis of continuity, following the primordialist approach, where one would observe among Aboriginals the presence, prior to contact with Europeans and the advent of modernity, of nations and structured political elements. It is a dominant speech among Aboriginal nationalist elites. A second scenario, derived from the theory of ethnosymbolism, does not exclude that some core elements have remained, such as myths, symbols, traditions, and that nations are formed around pre-existing ethnic cores. However, it also takes into account the evolution towards more political standards, due to the impact of modernity and the influence of surrounding nations and nationalism. This scenario is favored in the research. Following the observation of various types of contemporary indigenous nationalism in Canada, with regard to the relation with the state, its structures and the role playing by elites and citizens. Then, a case study is presented, that of the Innu in Quebec, consisting of interviews with key players, which allows to verify the validity of the interpretative scenario. In parallel, research has a considerable normative part. The latter, based on the self-determination of nations, examines the normative assumptions of Aboriginal nationalism which perform a synthesis between tradition and modernity. To conclude, some reformulation of the nature of Aboriginal nations and nationalism is proposed, in which the normative bases, mainly rooted in the past, are reconsidered by integrating and taking more modern elements as well, depending on the conclusions reached by the research.
Ramognino, Antoine. "Le génocide culturel dans le Droit international pénal : un concept en marge." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67325.
Full textCe mémoire a pour objet de proposer une réflexion juridique et contemporaine sur le concept ancien mais pleinement d’actualité qu’est le génocide culturel. Le génocide culturel, qui décrit le phénomène de destruction culturelle d’un groupe d’êtres humains, avait été pensé dès la naissance du terme comme une composante intrinsèque du génocide. Pourtant lors de la criminalisation du génocide , le génocide culturel a été exclu du champ d’application du texte d’incrimination. Cette exclusion historique, pour un certain nombre de raisons qui seront étudiées, a eu des incidences majeures, puisqu’il sera démontré que le phénomène de génocide culturel n’est pas pris en compte de manière parfaitement satisfaisante par le droit et plus particulièrement par le droit international pénal. Dès lors, cela invite à proposer de nouvelles réflexions sur les instruments juridiques qui pourraient permettre d’appréhender de manière cohérente, réaliste et efficace un tel processus de destruction, et en particulier la reconnaissance d’une infraction spécifique de génocide culturel. Cette réflexion s’appuiera sur l’analyse du traitement historique des peuples autochtones au Canada et en particulier les politiques de pensionnats qui illustrent parfaitement les enjeux et les contours d’un tel débat.
Beaudet, Alexis. "Sous le signe du m??tissage : l'ethnogen??se intra-am??rindienne des Mal??cites (1600-1750)." Mémoire, Universit?? de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/101.
Full textDiendere, Ella. "Issues cliniques des patients autochtones victimes d'un empoisonnement dans le continuum de soins : une étude de cohorte rétrospective multicentrique." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/70361.
Full textBackground Indigenous population have a high incidence of poisoning cases across Canada, which is associated with high morbidity and mortality. A suboptimal provision of health care was suggested to explain suchburden. Unfortunately, very little information is available to describe the specific presentations of poisoning cases in Indigenous populations. There fore, our study aims to assess whether differences exist in the continuum of care of poisoned patients living in rural regions in Quebec, Canada, according to their ethnic origin. Methods We conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort study using data from the Centre antipoison du Québec (CAPQ) between 2016 and 2017. Indigenous poisoned patients were compared to non Indigenous patients living in rural areas. Our main outcome was the duration of involvement by the CAPQ in case management, reflecting the time required to complete toxicological management. Generalized linear regression was used to evaluate differences in the duration of poison center involvement between the two populations. A sex-specific analysis was also conducted. Our secondary outcome was the symptom severity at the conclusion of management. Results Among 362 identified poisoned patients (184 Indigenous and 178 non-Indigenous), we observed no differences in the duration of case management between groups (GMR adjusted = 1.09; [95% CI 0.87;1.38]). Moreover, the sex-specific analysis showed that the association was not significant in either male or female groups. High proportion of patients, in both Indigenous and non-Indigenous groups,showing mild to moderate symptoms at follow-up (78%). One death was registered in each group. The CAPQ received very few calls from the non-conventioned First Nations during the study period. Interpretation We did not observe any difference on the duration in case management of cases between patients living in rural areas. Perceptions of suboptimal care provided to rural Indigenous population are likelyto be related to geographical remoteness rather than ethnicity.
Laurent, Aurélie. "Plurijuridismes, juges suprêmes et droits fondamentaux : étude comparée entre l’Union européenne et le Canada." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/34302.
Full textBergeron, David. "Philosophies, cultures politiques et représentations de l'Autochtone aux États-Unis et au Canada, 18e et 19e siècles." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6714.
Full textDuquet, Pascal. "La controverse historique entourant la survie du titre aborigène sur le territoire compris dans les limites de ce qu'était la province de Québec en 1763." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ38075.pdf.
Full textSimon, Sophie. "Étude comparative de la protection internationale des minorités en Europe et en Amérique." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010269.
Full textMinorities are the product of history, conquests, defeats and border changes. No two national histories are alike, however, minorities, in their diversity, find themselves in situations that appear similar the one another. In this overall context, the objective of this research is to better understand to what extent national and international minority rights effectively meet the needs of individuals belonging to those minorities. To do so, two issues that reoccure in the grievances of members of minorities have been selected for study. These are firstly the consideration shown towards housing specificities (in their diversity) and secondly, the possibility of communicating in one’s own language. Following the presentation of international law related to these issues, is studied the way this law, or better said these laws, are transposed and implemented in the national systems (in fact, there are major variants between the protection offered by universal organs and the one offered by European and American regional organs). In order to take into consideration the diversity of national situations, six countries were selected for this study. These were Spain, France and Lithuania in the European context, and Canada, Costa Rica and Paraguay in the American context. Our findings show that those who govern pretend to be unaware of the benefits related to adequate protection of minorities for the stability of national societies, as well as for democracy at large. As such, they are not always ready to implement the provisions that aim to protect persons belonging to minorities and claim the interest of the public good or arguments based on the unity of their people, territory or nation as reasons for doing so. In addition, it should be mentioned that some practical difficulties exist in the implementation of adopted norms. These include difficulties caused by financial reasons, for example, the cost of positive measures aiming at effective equality in the field of education, media, private and family life or the obligation to share with indigenous people the benefits generated by mining. Other reasons may be linked to underlying intolerance present in the majority population, for example, attacks on Roma settlements or prohibition on speaking a minority language in some spheres or places. However, the international rights of minorities are constantly evolving, drawing on the diversity of regional contexts and based on human rights and the right not to be discriminated against, as well as on the application, to all minorities, of elements of the rights recognized to indigenous peoples as the first inhabitants of a given territory. Moreover, in an effort to promote genuine democracy of a participatory nature, human rights bodies push national authorities to involve ever more members of minorities in decisions that affect them, thereby taking their needs into consideration. The comparative study of the protection of minorities in Europe and in America enables reporting the practical difficulties preventing minorities from being effectively protected and assists in understanding to what extent international law can help countries overcome these difficulties