Academic literature on the topic 'Autoclavage'

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Journal articles on the topic "Autoclavage"

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Colauto, Nelson Barros, Adriano Reis da Silveira, Augusto Ferreira da Eira, and Giani Andrea Linde. "Tratamentos térmicos do calxisto para uso como camada de cobertura no cultivo de Agaricus brasiliensis." Ciência Rural 40, no. 7 (July 23, 2010): 1660–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-84782010005000106.

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A escolha da camada de cobertura é uma das mais importantes etapas do cultivo de Agaricus brasiliensis. Apesar dessa importância, poucos estudos relatam o uso de diferentes tratamentos térmicos para o controle da microbiota em camadas de cobertura alternativas. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da pasteurização e da autoclavagem do material alternativo calxisto para utilização como camada de cobertura no cultivo de A. brasiliensis. O fungo foi inicialmente crescido em grãos de trigo e transferido para meio de cultivo previamente compostado. Após a completa colonização, a camada de cobertura (calxisto) pasteurizada ou autoclavada foi adicionada. Avaliaram-se a eficiência biológica, o número e a biomassa de cogumelos produzidos e o fluxo de produção. Concluiu-se que a camada de cobertura com calxisto autoclavado reduzem o tempo de produção, a eficiência biológica e o número e a biomassa de cogumelos cultivados. Entretanto, a camada de cobertura com o calxisto pasteurizado é a mais eficiente para o cultivo de A. brasiliensis.
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Pascuali, Luiz Carlos, José Wilson Pires Carvalho, Aniele Arvani Souza, Larissa Regina Ballerini Gonçales, and Armando da Silva Filho. "ATIVIDADE DE BIOEXTRATOS NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DE PHOMOPSIS PHASEOLI VAR. SOJAE, FUSARIUM SP. E NO TRATAMENTO DE SEMENTES DE SOJA." Revista em Agronegócio e Meio Ambiente 11, no. 2 (June 29, 2018): 457. http://dx.doi.org/10.17765/2176-9168.2018v11n2p457-478.

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As doenças de plantas são responsáveis por perdas econômicas em todos os cultivos, afetam as plantas no campo e as sementes durante o armazenamento. Diferentes técnicas de controle de patógenos são utilizadas para minimizar impactos negativos, entre elas têm-se usado bioextratos, os quais se apresentam como alternativas desejáveis comparados ao controle químico convencional. O presente estudo objetivou avaliar a atividade antifúngica in vitro e in vivo de extratos de pinhão manso (Jatropha curcas L.), cipreste (Cupressus sp.) e tiririca (Cyperus rotundus L.), alho (Allium sativum L.) cebola (Allium cepa L.) e gengibre (Zingiber officinalis L.) com diferentes processos de elaboração, contra Phomopsis phaseoli var. sojae, Fusarium sp., e a influência na germinação e no vigor de sementes de soja. Os bioextratos foram preparados utilizando-se 40 g de plantas (in natura e seco a 55± 2°C) e solução água-metanol (1:3). Os extratos, após filtrados e evaporado o álcool, foram divididos em duas frações, uma delas foi autoclavada e ambas aplicadas nos isolados de culturas puras e diretamente nas sementes de soja. A secagem promoveu melhora na eficiência dos bioextratos de alho, cebola e gengibre no controle in vitro de Phomopsis phaseoli var. sojae enquanto que os de cipestre e pinhão manso foram menos efetivos. A autoclavagem resultou em perda da capacidade fungitóxica do bioextrato de alho, enquanto no de cebola afetou negativamente o vigor das sementes a 10% v/v. O extrato de alho seco não autoclavado controlou eficientemente o desenvolvimento de Phomopsis phaseoli var. sojae in vitro. Os demais bioextratos não apresentaram eficiência significativa no controle dos patógenos. Todos os bioextratos conferiram à semente de soja índice de germinação inferior quando comparado ao tratamento com Carbendazin+Tiran. O bioextrato de cebola, gengibre ambos in natura não autoclavado e de tiririca desidratada não autoclavado melhoraram significativamente o percentual de plântulas normais, comparado à testemunha. Entretanto, os bioextratos não diminuíram a contaminação das sementes por Fusarium spp. e Phomopsis phaseoli var. sojae. Portanto, o processo de autoclavagem é uma etapa importante podendo afetar de maneira diferente a eficiência dos bioextratos estudados, assim como o processo de secagem da matéria vegetal antes da preparação dos bioextratos.
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Lacaze, J. C., A. Chesterikoff, and B. Garban. "Bioévaluation de la pollution des sédiments de la Seine (région parisienne) par l'emploi d'un bioessai basé sur la croissance à court terme de la micro-algue Selenastrum capricornutum Printz." Revue des sciences de l'eau 2, no. 3 (April 12, 2005): 405–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705037ar.

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La bioévaluation de l'état de santé des fonds meubles dépend des conditions expérimentales du traitement des échantillons de sédiment conduisant à l'obtention de la phase aqueuse sur laquelle sont effectuées les analyses chimiques et toxicologiques. Au cours de cette étude préliminaire nous avons considéré l'action de ces principales conditions ; nous constatons que l'effet inhibiteur d'un sédiment vis-à-vis de la croissance à court terme de la micro-algue Selenastrum capricornutum Printz n'est pas aisément levé, que ce soit par lessivages successifs du sédiment, par filtration plus fine de l'eau extraite à partir de ce dernier ou par autoclavage préalable de ce même sédiment, il peut l'être par contre après biodégradation. Cette étude expérimentale a permis de comparer entre eux les pouvoirs inhibiteurs des fonds meubles de la Seine (région parisienne). On note qu'il n'y a pas de corrélation entre les teneurs en métaux lourds souvent importantes des eaux issues des sédiments (Pb 70, Cu 100, Cr 150, Cd 9, Ni 280, Zn 400 µg.L-1) et le développement des algues : les polluants métalliques sont masqués par le pouvoir chélateur de ces biotopes riches en substances organiques. Une conclusion à cette étude préliminaire est que l'analyse chimique des sédiments, utilisée seule, n'a qu'un intérêt limité : les données les plus fiables correspondent à celles fournies par les bioessais.
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Brand, Simone Cristiane, Elena Blume, Marlove Fátima Brião Muniz, Paola Mendes Milanesi, Marina Bergoli Scheren, and Leonardo Magalhães Antonello. "Extratos de alho e alecrim na indução de faseolina em feijoeiro e fungitoxicidade sobre Colletotrichum lindemuthianum." Ciência Rural 40, no. 9 (September 24, 2010): 1881–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-84782010005000150.

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Extratos vegetais podem auxiliar no controle de doenças de plantas, por sua atividade antimicrobiana ou pela ativação de mecanismos de defesa. Neste trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito dos extratos aquosos de alho e alecrim autoclavados e não autoclavados sobre o crescimento micelial de Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, a produção de faseolina em feijoeiro e a severidade de antracnose em campo. O fungo foi incubado em meio de cultura contendo os extratos, e o crescimento foi mensurado por 18 dias. Para avaliação de faseolina, os extratos foram aplicados sobre hipocótilos de feijão, a extração foi feita em etanol e a leitura foi realizada em espectrofotômetro. A severidade da antracnose foi avaliada em plantas de feijão pulverizadas com os extratos e inoculadas com o fungo. Para o extrato de alho, a maior redução (57,6%) no crescimento micelial foi com a dose de 3,0% do extrato não autoclavado. Já para o extrato de alecrim, a maior redução (18,6%) foi com o extrato autoclavado. A autoclavagem não teve efeito sobre a indução de faseolina. À campo, os extratos não reduziram significativamente a severidade de antracnose. O extrato de alho não autoclavado mostrou-se mais eficiente na redução do crescimento de C. lindemuthianum, enquanto que o de alecrim, autoclavado ou não, foi mais efetivo na indução de faseolina.
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PEREIRA, MONIQUE RODRIGUES, VIRGINIA SILVA CARVALHO, ELIZABETH DE FÁTIMA LUCAS, and GERALDO DE AMARAL GRAVINA. "AMIDO DE MILHO E HIPOCLORITO DE SÓDIO NO ENRAIZAMENTO IN VITRO DO ABACAXIZEIRO VITÓRIA E SEU EFEITO NA ACLIMATIZAÇÃO." Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura 37, no. 2 (June 2015): 528–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0100-2945-122/14.

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Este trabalho objetivou reduzir o custo de produção dos meios de cultura pela substituição do ágar por amido de milho e da esterilização física em autoclave pela esterilização química com hipoclorito de sódio (NaClO) em mudas de abacaxizeiro ‘Vitória’ propagadas in vitro. As brotações foram transferidas para meio de enraizamento composto pelos sais de MS, vitaminas de White, mioinositol e sacarose. O experimento foi instalado em DIC, em fatorial 3x2: meios geleificados com ágar (6,0 g L-1), amido de milho (60,0 g L-1) e ágar (3,0 g L-1) + amido de milho (30,0 g L-1), esterilizados em autoclave ou quimicamente com a fervura do meio e uso de NaClO a 0,05% para enxaguar a vidraria. Após um mês de enraizamento in vitro, parte das mudas foi avaliada quanto ao número de folhas e de raízes, e massas das matérias fresca e seca. O restante foi aclimatizado por 90 dias em casa de vegetação, ao final dos quais foram avaliados número de folhas, número de raízes, massa da matéria fresca e seca da parte aérea, raízes e total, área foliar, altura e diâmetro da roseta. A fervura do meio + esterilização química das vidrarias não diferiu da autoclavagem para a maioria dos parâmetros avaliados, enquanto o amido de milho proporcionou melhor desenvolvimento das mudas, tanto in vitro quanto durante a aclimatização.
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Cunico, Miriam Machado, Celso Garcia Auer, Marlon Wesley Machado Cunico, Obdulio Gomes Miguel, Patricio Peralta Zamora, and Carlos Roberto Sanquetta. "AVALIAÇÃO DO REAL POTENCIAL INIBIDOR DE EXTRATOS ETANÓLICOS DE Ottonia martiana SOBRE Cylindrocladium spathulatum E Botrytis cinerea." FLORESTA 43, no. 2 (July 2, 2013): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/rf.v43i2.20199.

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Extratos etanólicos de anestesia, Ottonia martiana Miq., foram reavaliados quanto à inibição do crescimento micelial dos fungos Cylindrocladium spathulatum (pinta-preta da erva-mate) e Botrytis cinerea (mofo-cinzento do eucalipto), por meio do planejamento fatorial. A ocorrência de decomposição de bioativos no processo de autoclavagem também foi investigada, por meio de teste de eficiência de extratos filtrados (filtro Millipore) e esterilizados (autoclave) no controle dos fitopatógenos, nas concentrações de 1, 10, 100 e 1000 ppm. Os extratos etanólicos filtrado e esterilizado inibiram o crescimento micelial dos fungos e foram mais ativos frente a B. cinerea.O extrato filtrado exibiu maior potencial antifúngico que o extrato esterilizado. O processo de esterilização por autoclavagem causou pequena decomposição dos bioativos presentes no extrato de anestesia.Palavras-chave: Anestesia; mofo-cinzento; pinta-preta. Abstract Fungitoxic potential of ethanolic extracts of anestesia in the control of phytopathogenic diseases. The antifungal potential of anestesia, Ottonia martiana Miq. was reassessed by factorial design, in vitro testing of fungal mycelial growth compared to the pathogenic isolates Cylindrocladium spathulatum, causal agent of black spot onyerba mate, and Botrytis cinerea causal agent of gray-mold on eucalypts. Occurrence of decomposition of bioactive of the autoclaving process was investigated using foliar detached test compared to the pathogens (1000 ppm). Ethanolic extracts - EBEtOH (filtered and autoclaved) inhibited the mycelial growth of C. spathulatum and B. cinerea (1000 ppm) and were more pronounced against B. cinerea (43.6 % and 68.9 %). EBEtOH filtered (0.22 µm) presented higher activity than EBEtOH autoclaved (C. spathulatum: 52.8 % and 43.6 %, B. cinerea: 68.9 % and 43.6 %), suggesting little decomposition ofbioactive after autoclaving. EBEtOH filtrate presented potential inhibition of 28 % in eucalypt leaves against B. cinerea. Keywords: Ottonia martiana; black spot; gray-mold.
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Martin, M. V. "Autoclavable handpieces." British Dental Journal 165, no. 10 (November 1988): 356. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.4806627.

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Davis, J. M. "Autoclavable handpieces." British Dental Journal 166, no. 2 (January 1989): 35–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.4806694.

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Santos, Cristiane Gonçalves Laranja dos, José Teixeira de Seixas Filho, Eliane Rodrigues, and Lucas Rangel Luquez. "Processamento e esterilização da pele de rã-touro utlizada como leito para curativo no tratamento de feridas infecciosas." Research, Society and Development 9, no. 9 (August 14, 2020): e151996902. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i9.6902.

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A incidência e a prevalência do tratamento de feridas agudas ou mesmo as crônicas demonstram que o impacto psíquico, social e econômico da cronificação de lesões, em especial as úlceras infectadas, representa à segunda causa de afastamento do trabalho, indicando a necessidade de desenvolver tecnologias mais simples e de menor custo de materiais utilizados como bases eficazes de curativos para torná-los acessíveis a maior número de pessoas, pois um dos desafios para o gestor público é o elevado custo operacional, uma vez que a maioria dos componentes utilizados nas coberturas de ferimentos é importada e com tecnologia patenteada por empresas multinacionais. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho objetivou reduzir custos nas técnicas de preparo e assepsia da pele de rã-touro (Lithobates catesbeianus) para viabilizar sua utilização como biomaterial em leito de curativo devido a presença de peptídeos com ação antibiótica. O método de processamento, de descontaminação e de esterilização da pele da rã-touro foi realizado pela autoclavagem. Os resultados das análises microbiológicas na pele de rã-touro pulverizada e autoclavada permitiram verificar que este tipo de esterilização do material foi satisfatório, não registrando a presença de agentes microbianos que inviabilizasse sua utilização como leito de curativo.
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Loyola, Vânia Regina, Geraldo Tadeu dos Santos, Lúcia Maria Zeoula, Vanderlei Bett, and André Luiz Taborianski Pereira. "Degradabilidade in situ do farelo de canola tratado com calor e/ou tanino." Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 28, no. 3 (1999): 598–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-35981999000300023.

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O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a degradabilidade in situ do farelo de canola comercial tratado com água (controle), em autoclave a 127ºC por 30 min (CC), com 15% de tanino de acácia negra (Acacia mearnsii) (CT) e tanino seguido de autoclavagem (CTC). O efeito destes tratamentos sobre a degradação in situ da matéria seca (MS) e proteína bruta (PB) foi avaliado pela técnica de saco de náilon, usando duas vacas da raça Holandesa fistuladas no rúmen. As estimativas de degradação efetiva, considerando a taxa de passagem de 5%/h, para a MS, foram 74,5; 64,2; 75,1; e 70,5% nos tratamentos, controle, CC, CT e CTC e as de degradação efetiva da PB, 86,5; 64,0; 82,6; e 69,9%, respectivamente. Não foi observado efeito do tratamento com tanino sobre a degradação da MS, no entanto, houve pequena influência sobre a degradação da PB. Os tratamentos (CC e CTC) reduziram a degradação da MS e PB. O efeito do aquecimento, aplicado após o tratamento com tanino, foi menor que seu efeito isolado, resultando em interação significativa. O tratamento com calor foi o mais efetivo na redução da degradação ruminal da MS e PB do farelo de canola.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Autoclavage"

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Adel, Norelhayate. "Influence d'un adjuvant proteique sur la texture poreuse et les proprietes mecaniques et thermiques d'un beton cellulaire autoclave." Toulouse 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU30219.

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Etude en vue de la realisation de murs legers, isolants, homogenes, l'anisotropie de structure pouvant augmenter la resistance vertical et diminuer la conductivite horizontale. Etude de l'effect d'un siliceux, poudre d'aluminium et eau, autoclave a 175**(o)c. Les resultats s'expliquent par la structure dissymetrique vis-a-vis de l'eau des molecules proteiques, hydrophobes d'un cote et hydrofuges de l'autre
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Guillaud, Jean-Philippe. "Qualification décennale d'un autoclave." Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05P014.

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Habibi, Mohammad Hossein. "Effects of out-time on cure kinetics and rheological properties of out-of-autoclave and autoclave prepregs." Thesis, Wichita State University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10057/6819.

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In aerospace applications, multiple rolls of prepreg are often used to manufacture large parts and the material is kept outside for several days during fabrication. This requirement raises issues for the fabrication of large parts where stacks of prepreg plies placed on a tool would remain at room temperature until the rest of the part is laid-up. As such, it is always a concern that the part's quality could be affected due to the material advancement in curing during outtime under ambient conditions. Although the reaction is more progressive at an elevated temperature, extended out-time at a lower temperature could also cause problems, such as a decrease in tackiness and the processability of prepreg. (Shortened)
Thesis (M.S.)--Wichita State University, College of Engineering, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering
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Oliveira, Bruno Pereira de. "Concepção de uma nova plataforma instrumental para esterilização fotônica, química e térmica de instrumento e materiais de uso na saúde." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/76/76132/tde-21102016-102526/.

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A grande maioria das infecções causadas em ambientes médicos-odontológicas é proveniente de contaminações cruzadas, quando se tem contato entre diferentes instrumentos e /ou aparelhos contaminados após procedimentos médicos. Atualmente o padrão aceito e amplamente utilizado para esterilização de instrumental são os equipamentos chamados de autoclaves, em que é reconhecido e aceito pelos órgãos legisladores. Porém alguns tipos de instrumental e material não podem ser esterilizados utilizando este método tendo uma outra vertente que é aplicação de agentes químicos. Esses criam problemas socioambientais relacionados a sua utilização e descarte. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver uma autoclave multifuncional com a utilização de gás ozônio, ultravioleta e calor úmido, em que se testou e analisou microbiológica os protocolos de esterilização, obtendo entendimento e otimização do mesmo. Os resultados mostraram-nos que a configuração desenvolvida atingiu aspectos de esterilidade nos protocolos de esterilização avaliados. Entretanto tem a necessidade de aprofundar estudos aplicando o baixo vácuo para o entendimento quanto a utilização quanto os protocolos do funcionamento e uma futura otimização para produção em larga escala.
Most of infection in the medical-dental office is prevenient of cross-contamination, when have the contact with different instrumental and materials without basic control after the process and contact on patient. This point have the standard protocol was accept and described in literature, its utilizing for instrumental sterilizing is the autoclave, it is recognized by organs legislators. However, some instrumental and materials not be accept in this method, on this is necessary one method second in this case is chemical on the instrumentation, but created environmental problem in relation its application. Therefore, this research made the proof of conception in the multifunctional autoclave with the option ozone, ultraviolet and moist heat, what it is analyzing the microbiological protocols of the sterilizing, understanding and optimization the sterilizing process. This results show us which this constructive configuration in this work reached aspects of the sterilizing in the protocols, describe in this text. In the future research in this subject could be study the strongly aspects about the vacuum process before the sterilizing process with ozone gas and development and optimization the prototype for make the scaling up.
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Louis, Bryan Michael. "Gas transport in out-of-autoclave prepreg laminates." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27484.

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Out-of-autoclave (OOA) pre-impregnated (prepreg) materials are a prospective alternative to traditional autoclave processing, with the potential to reduce processing costs and build structures without size limitations imposed by the autoclave. Gas transport pathways in prepreg laminates play an important role in the removal of entrapped gases and volatiles during processing. Removal of gases by vacuum evacuation is essential in order to produce composite laminates with low final void content. Gas pathways are of particular importance in OOA prepregs where the maximum applied pressure during processing is 1 atm. In this study, the gas transport of OOA prepreg MTM45-1/CF2426A (epoxy/carbon) laminates is examined. The gas permeability of laminates is carefully measured in the in-plane and through-thickness directions. The study examines the effect of the number of layers, the effect of internal ply terminations, and the effects of heat on laminate gas transport. Supplemental experiments such as laminate compaction, microscopy, and water visualization are conducted to gain additional understanding of laminate gas transport. The study shows that gas transport is strongly directional for the studied prepreg with significantly higher permeability in-plane than in the through-thickness direction. Counter-intuitively, the permeability of MTM45-1/CF2426A is not found to be greater than autoclave prepreg when compared to carbon/epoxy Toray 3900-2 (plain weave). The physical nature of gas transport pathways in MTM45-1/CF2426A prepreg laminates is found to change with processing state. Debulking was found to decrease in-plane gas transport from its as-laid-up permeability. Laminate heating is found to affect laminate gas transport. In-plane permeability decreased with increasing temperature, while through-thickness permeability increased with increasing temperature. Correlations between gas transport and laminate compaction is also evident. During debulking, laminate compaction is found to correlate to decreasing in-plane permeability. Additionally, laminate compaction is found to relate to the quality of edge breathing.
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Cauberghs, Julien. "Out-of-autoclave manufacturing of aerospace representative parts." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=106593.

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The use of carbon fibre reinforced composites for aerospace structures has seen a high increase in recent years, and is still growing. The high stiffness-to-weight ratio of these materials makes them ideal for primary structures on airplanes, satellites, and spacecrafts. Nevertheless, the manufacturing of composites remains very costly since it requires equipment investment such as an autoclave, and very qualified workers. Out-of-autoclave manufacturing technology is very promising since it only requires a traditional oven, while still aiming at similar part quality. However, the absence of positive pressure compared with an autoclave makes it more difficult to achieve low porosity parts. This research investigates the manufacturing of complex features with out-of autoclave prepreg technology. The features studied are tight-radius corners with a curvature change, and ply drop-offs. Ply drop-offs tests were conducted to identify if porosity is higher at ply terminations. In corners, the bagging arrangement was modified to achieve the most uniform thickness in areas of curvature change, even with small radii. The conclusions from these studies provided us with guidelines to manufacture larger representative parts, which included these features. The representative parts were tested for porosity, thickness uniformity, mechanical performance, and glass transition temperature(Tg). A total of four representative parts were manufactured with out-of-autoclave technology, and one more was manufactured with an autoclave to allow for a proper comparison between the two processes. The materials used were MTM45-1 5 harness satin and CYCOM5320 plain weave for the out-of-autoclave parts,and CYCOM5276-1 plain weave for the autoclave part. The effect of ply dropoffs on porosity was found to be negligible. Thickness deviation in corners was attributed to a combination of consumable bridging, prepreg's bulk factor and inter-ply shear. Overall, out-of-autoclave prepregs showed performance similar to autoclave prepregs.
L'utilisation de matériaux composites en fibres de carbone pour des structures aéronautiques a connu une croissance rapide ces dernières années, et continue de croitre. Le rapport raideur/masse de ce type de matériaux en fait une solution idéale pour les structures primaires d'avions, de satellites, ou de navettes spatiales. Toutefois, la fabrication de ces pièces en composites demeure extrêmement couteuse puisqu'elle nécessite de lourds investissements d'équipement tels que l'acquisition d'un autoclave, ainsi que de la main-d'oeuvre qualifiée. La technologie hors autoclave semble très prometteuse puisqu'elle ne requiert que l'utilisation d'un four traditionnel, tout en visant à obtenir des pièces de qualité similaire. Cependant, l'absence de pression extérieure provenant de l'autoclave rend plus délicate l'obtention de pièces ayant une faible porosité. Cette recherche a pour thème la fabrication d'éléments complexes avec la technologie hors autoclave. Les éléments étudiés sont des angles convexes et concaves ayant de faibles rayons de courbure, ainsi que des plis partiels. Des tests sur les plis partiels ont été réalisés pour déterminer si ils sont associés à une augmentation de la porosité. Dans les angles, l'arrangement des consommables a été modifié pour obtenir l'épaisseur la plus uniforme possible dans les zones de changement de courbure, et cela même pour de faibles rayons. Les conclusions de ces tests nous ont permis de considérer la fabrication de pièces représentatives de plus grande taille, et qui contiennent les éléments précédemment étudiés. Les pièces représentatives ont été testées pour déterminer leur niveau de porosité, l'uniformité de leur épaisseur, leur performance mécanique, et leur température de transition vitreuse. Au total, quatre pièces représentatives ont été fabriquées par technologie hors autoclave, et une a été fabriquée dans un autoclave afin de permettre une comparaison de bon aloi entre ces deux procédés de fabrication. Les matériaux utilisés pour cette recherche étaient du MTM45-1 5 harness satin et du CYCOM5320 plain weave pour les pièces hors autoclave, ainsi que du CYCOM5276-1 plain weave pour la pièce autoclave. La présence de plis partiels n'a pas été associable à une augmentation notable de la porosité. L'uniformité d'épaisseur s'est révélée être une combinaison de pontage des consommables, du facteur de foisonnement du pré-imprégné, et du cisaillement entre les plis de fibre. Globalement, les pré-imprégnés hors autoclave ont montré des performances similaires aux pré-imprégnés autoclave.
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Ghomi, Navid. "Secondary bonded pi-joint out of autoclave process." Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=121153.

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Composite materials are widely used in the aerospace industry due to their high strength and stiffness properties, as well as the manufacturing possibilities they offer for large components at lower assembly costs. To further lower the manufacturing cost, the use of Out of Autoclave (OOA) process is increasing in popularity. However, mechanically joining parts is a necessary step in the assembly of a large component, driving up the weight of the component and the final assembly cost. A Pi-Joint is one way to offer lower assembly cost through secondary bonding while ensuring the joint's reliability due to the redundancy in the load path. Predicting the failure strength of a bonded joint is essential for the initial stages of aircraft structure design. In this research project, the OOA process is used to manufacture Pi-Joints using pre-impregnated carbon fibre fabric. The Pi-Joint is co-cured with the skin, followed by a secondary bond operation of the web onto the Pi-Joint and skin assembly. To assess the strength of the joint, four different manufacturing techniques are used. In addition, a finite element analysis technique is used to estimate the first mode of failure for the different configurations of the Pi-Joint. The failure strength is correlated with experimental test results to determine the reliability of the manufacturing techniques. Static strength analyses are carried out along with mechanical tests to assess the redundancy of the load path. It is shown in this research that the finite element modelling results are in agreement with the test results.
Les matériaux composites sont largement utilisés dans l'industrie aéronautique en raison de leur grande résistance, de leur rigidité, et de leur facilité à être fabriquée en composantes de grandes dimensions à faible coût. Afin de minimiser d'avantage les coûts liés à la fabrication des pièces, le processus de fabrication hors autoclave ou OOA est de plus en plus utilisé. Cependant, l'assemblage mécanique des pièces constitue une étape inévitable de l'assemblage du produit. Ce processus a pour effet d'augmenter le poids et le coût de l'assemblage final. L'utilisation du Joint en Pi qui assemble la structure par un collage secondaire permet de réduire les coûts et d'augmenter la fiabilité du produit final grâce à la multiplicité des chemins de charge qu'il offre. Prédire la défaillance d'un joint collé est essentielle aux phases préliminaires de design des structures primaires d'un avion. Dans ce projet de recherche, le procédé OOA est utilisé afin de fabriquer des joints en composite à base de fibre de carbone. Le Joint en Pi est cocuit avec le revêtement puis une cuisson secondaire permet de joindre l'âme à l'assemblage du Joint en Pi et du revêtement. Afin de déterminer la rigidité du joint, quatre techniques de fabrication sont utilisées. De plus, des analyses par éléments finis sont utilisées afin de prédire le premier mode de défaillance pour diverses configurations du Joint en Pi. La résistance à la défaillance est corrélée avec des résultats de tests expérimentaux afin d'assurer la fiabilité du procédé de fabrication. Des analyses statiques et des tests sont réalisés afin de démontrer la multiplicité du chemin de charge. Dans cette recherche il est montré que les résultats des analyses par élément finis sont en accord avec les résultats des tests.
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Serrano, Léonard. "Systèmes époxyde : cuisson hors autoclave et basse température." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30007/document.

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Les principaux enjeux de la fabrication de pièces en matériaux composites (coût, temps de fabrication, performances,...) sont intimement liés aux moyens de mise en oeuvre, principalement les autoclaves; qui engendrent non seulement des coûts très élevés en termes d'installation et d'entretien, mais limitent également les cadences de production à cause de la longueur des cycles. Afin de réduire cette dépendance, des procédés de fabrication hors autoclave ont été envisagés (Quickstep, Roctool, VARTM, VBO...) entrainant par conséquent des modifications dans la conception des matériaux destinés à ces procédés (cinétique, rhéologie, façon dont sont imprégnées les fibres...). Afin de limiter les changements en termes de procédé de fabrication, de matières premières, de produits d'environnement et de conditions de mise en oeuvre, c'est sur le procédé Vacuum Bag Only que porte cette étude. Plusieurs développement de semi-produits ces dernières années ont permis d'augmenter la robustesse de ce procédé de fabrication, palliant ainsi à cette absence de pression externe durant la cuisson en étuve. Il reste toutefois à démontrer la viabilité de ces produits par rapport à leur mise en oeuvre, à comprendre les mécanismes d'extraction de l'air et à estimer les propriétés mécaniques atteignables par rapport à leur équivalent autoclave
The main issues concerning composite part manufacturing (cost, manufacturing time, mechanical performances, etc.) are closely linked to the means of curing, mainly autoclaves; which do not only generate very high installation and maintenance costs, but also limit production rates because of the length of the cycles. In order to reduce this dependence, non-autoclave manufacturing processes have been envisaged (Quickstep, Roctool, VARTM, VBO ...) therefore leading to modifications in the design of the materials intended for these processes (including kinetics, rheology, fiber impregnation methods). In order to limit the changes in terms of manufacturing process, raw materials, environment products and implementation conditions, this study is based on the Vacuum Bag Only process. Several semi-product developments in recent years have made it possible to increase the robustness of this manufacturing process, thereby overcoming the lack of external pressure during an oven cure. However, the viability of these products in relation to their implementation still needs to be demonstrated, as well as the understanding of the air removal mechanisms and the estimation of the achievable mechanical properties compared to their autoclave counterpart
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Brillant, Mélanie. "Out-of-autoclave manufacturing of complex shaped composite laminates." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=97254.

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Out-of-Autoclave (OOA) manufacturing answers the growing need of the aerospace industry to process components of larger sizes at reduced costs. Recent prepreg materials have been developed specifically for OOA manufacturing and feature increased in-plane permeability through the presence of dry-fibre paths for efficient evacuation of gases. However, the differences in impregnation and resin kinetics attributed to OOA prepregs with respect to autoclave prepregs may affect the compaction behaviour in complex shape laminates. This thesis presents the results of an investigation of important design and processing parameters on the quality of complex shape laminates manufactured by OOA methods.L-shape composite laminates were manufactured by OOA methods, following the recommendations documented in the literature. The samples were tested for thickness variation at the corner and void content levels. The thickness variation at the corner was characterised based on the radius-to-thickness ratio for Cytec Cycom 5320 PW and 8HS prepregs with concave and convex tools. The experimental study showed increased corner thickening with decreasing radius-to-thickness ratio for both tool shapes. The data can be used to determine the minimal radius-to-thickness ratio for acceptable thickness variation for each material and serve as a design guideline. An analytical model of the compaction of L-shape laminates was developed. The discrepancies between the experimental data and the model predictions for thickness variation at the corner highlight the importance of shearing mechanisms in the compaction of L-shape laminates. Also, from the experimental investigation of various bagging arrangements, it is observed that the compaction at the corner is improved with the use of a pressure intensifier or pressure strip with proper corner radius. In addition, breather material should be placed under the pressure intensifier to allow efficient air removal and maintain a low void content level. A numerical analysis of the compaction of a laminate over a concave tool was performed and demonstrated that the material of the pressure intensifier or pressure strip should be of high stiffness for efficient laminate compaction.
L'industrie aérospatiale recherche davantage à fabriquer des pièces en matériaux composites de plus grandes dimensions. Ceci peut être accompli à plus faibles coûts par le procédé de fabrication hors-autoclave. Les matériaux pré-imprégnés utilisés pour ce procédé sont semi-imprégnés et donc, dotés d'une section de fibres sèches qui permet l'évacuation des bulles d'air et de gas avant la consolidation du laminé et la polymérisation de la résine. Cependant, le comportement en compaction de ces matériaux sur des moules complexes peut être très différent de celui des matériaux pré-imprégnés pour autoclave, vu le plus faible niveau d'imprégnation et une différente cinétique de réaction de la résine. Cet ouvrage présente les résultats de l'étude de la qualité de pièces complexes fabriquées par le procédé hors-autoclave. L'influence du rayon au coin, de l'épaisseur du laminé ainsi que de la configuration du sac à vide sur l'uniformité de l'épaisseur et le taux de porosité a été étudiée.Des pièces en forme de « L » ont été fabriquées en suivant la méthodologie et les recommendations pour la fabrication hors-autoclave décrites dans la litérature. La variation de l'épaisseur au coin et le taux de porosité ont été mesurés pour chacun des échantillons. La variation de l'épaisseur a été caractérisée en fonction du rapport entre le rayon au coin et l'épaisseur du laminé (R/t), ceci pour deux pré-imprégnés et des moules convexe et concave. Les résutats démontrent une augmentation de la variation de l'épaisseur pour une diminution du rapport R/t. À partir des résultats, pour chaque matériau et pour des fins de conception, il est possible de déterminer le rapport R/t minimum pour une variation de l'épaisseur acceptable. Un modèle analytique de la compaction d'un laminé sur un moule de forme complexe a été dévelopé. La comparaison du modèle avec les résultats expérimentaux permet d'affirmer que les contraintes en cisaillement jouent un rôle important dans la compaction de laminés sur moules complexes. Aussi, l'effet de la configuration du sac à vide et de l'utilisation d'un contre-moule de polymère sur la variation de l'épaisseur et du taux de vide ont été étudiés. Il est observé que le contre-moule augmente la compaction au coin et réduit la variation de l'épaisseur. De plus, pour permettre l'évacuation efficace de l'air, il est important de placer du tissu de drainage sous le contre-moule. Également, l'analyse numérique de la compaction d'un laminé sur un moule convexe a démontré que l'épaisseur est plus uniforme pour un contre-moule de rigidité élevée.
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Kratz, James. "Processing composite sandwich structures using out-of-autoclave technology." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=67000.

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Currently, out-of-autoclave (OOA) technology is being used to design and manufacture composite structural components at lower costs. OOA technology enables composites to be produced using only vacuum pressure, eliminating the cost of purchasing and operating an autoclave. The key to OOA prepreg is that they are specially designed to remove air that is entrapped during the lay-up process. The in-plane and through thickness permeability of the prepreg were characterized to determine which bagging configuration would produce the best honeycomb sandwich structure. The bagging configuration that produced the lowest skin porosity was determined to be one ply of non-perforated release film with edge breathing around the perimeter of the panel. The resin content of the prepreg is such that any resin loss from the skin will create dry spots, pinholes, and porosity. The edge breathing allows the air inside the prepreg and core to be removed by the vacuum, and t he non-perforated release film presents resin starvation and subsequently reduces porosity. Caution should be used when debulking out-of-autoclave sandwich panels, since removing all the air from the core reduces the amount of skin compaction available during cure. The skin compaction is needed to suppress void growth, and the optimal internal core pressure was experimentally determined to be between 35-55 kPa. The resin was fully characterized such that when the internal core pressure has reached the optimal range, the resin can flow and close off the air passages. Five representative panels were manufactured using two low temperature cure film adhesives. The optimal curing temperature to minimize porosity of the composite skin was determined to be 100°C. Climbing drum peel tests were used to evaluate the mechanical performance of the panels.
Présentement, la technologie hors autoclave (OOA) est utilisée pour la conception et la fabrication à moindre coût des composants structuraux en composite. La technologie OOA permet de produire des composites en utilisant uniquement la pression générés lors des procédés d'ensachage sous vide, en éliminant par le fait même les coûts relatifs à l'achat et à l'exploitation d'un autoclave. L'avantage des matériaux pré-imprégnés destinés à des cuissons hors autoclave est qu'ils sont spécialement conçus pour éliminer les bulles d'air emprisonnées au cours de la préparation. Afin de déterminer la configuration d'ensachage optimale pour la production de structure en sandwich avec noyau en nid d'abeille, l'épaisseur du matériel pré-imprégné ainsi que la perméabilité à travers le plan ont été caractérisées. Les conditions d'ensachage ayant menées à la plus faible porosité correspondent à l'utilisation combinée d'une couche non perforée de pellicule antiadhésive et d'une bordure permettant l'extraction des produits gazeux. La pellicule antiadhésive non perforée permet de prévenir les pertes de résine, tandis que la bordure permettant l'extraction des produits gazeux permet d'évacuer l'air contenu dans le noyau et les couches pré-imprégnés. L'utilisation d'une pellicule non perforée s'est avérée nécessaire puisque la teneur en résine du matériel pré-imprégné est telle que toute perte de résine crée des régions dites sèches (non imprégnée), produit des trous ou défauts à la surface du laminé et augmente la porosité. Il convient d'être prudent lors du dégazage des panneaux en sandwich hors autoclave puisque la suppression de tout l'air contenue dans le noyau réduit le niveau de compaction disponible durant la cuisson. L'application d'une force de compaction adéquate doit être effectuée lors de la cuisson afin de réduire la formation de vide
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Books on the topic "Autoclavage"

1

Ciriscioli, Peter R. Smart autoclave cure of composites. Lancaster: Technomic Pub. Co., 1990.

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Engineers, National Association of Corrosion. Autoclave corrosion testing of metals in high-temperature water. Houston: NACE, 1995.

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Boocock, D. G. B. Operation of a cascade autoclave to study the liquefaction of wood chips. Ottawa: Energy, Mines and Resources Canada, 1986.

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National Association of Corrosion Engineers. Evaluation of internal plastic coatings for corrosion control of tubular goods by autoclave testing. Houston: NACE, 1993.

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Moeiri-Farsi, M. H. Effects of autoclave temperatures on properties of cementitious based matrices reinforced with randomly orientated polypropylene fibres. Salford: University of Salford, 1993.

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Santasiero, Anna. Aspetti igienico-sanitari, tecnici e normativi nell'edilizia cimiteriale: Valutazione preliminare del calcestruzzo aerato autoclavato in sostituzione dei materiali previsti dal DPR 285/1990. Roma: Istituto superiore di sanità, 2013.

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D, Vannucci Raymond, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Autoclavable addition polyimides for 371C composite applications. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1990.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. ASRM test report: Autoclave cure process development : final report. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1992.

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E, Laberge J., ed. The use of the autoclave for sterilizing nutrient gelatin. [S.l: s.n., 1986.

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700 F̊ properties of autoclave cured PMR-II composites. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Autoclavage"

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Jain, Aakanchha, Richa Jain, and Sourabh Jain. "Autoclave." In Basic Techniques in Biochemistry, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 9–10. New York, NY: Springer US, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9861-6_4.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Autoclave." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 876. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_13198.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Autoclave." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 56. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_906.

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Mallow, Andrew R., and Flake C. Campbell. "Autoclave Processing." In Processing of Composites, 293–316. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9783446401778.010.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Autoclave Molding." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 56. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_908.

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Brunsch, K. "Autoclave, Compression Moulding." In Carbon Fibres and Their Composites, 149–58. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70725-4_8.

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Ciriscioli, Peter R., and George S. Springer. "A Model of the Autoclave Cure Process." In Smart Autoclave Cure of Composites, 11–39. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003209010-4.

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Ciriscioli, Peter R., and George S. Springer. "Introduction." In Smart Autoclave Cure of Composites, 1. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003209010-1.

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Ciriscioli, Peter R., and George S. Springer. "General Considerations for Curing Thermosetting Matrix Composites." In Smart Autoclave Cure of Composites, 5–9. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003209010-3.

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Ciriscioli, Peter R., and George S. Springer. "An Expert System for the Autoclave Cure Process." In Smart Autoclave Cure of Composites, 41–60. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003209010-5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Autoclavage"

1

Matosevich, A., and B. Lisenker. "Wafer Level Autoclave." In International Report on Wafer Level Reliability Workshop. IEEE, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iwlr.1992.658001.

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Butchko, John, and Bruce T. Gillette. "Unique Autoclave Stress Induced Failure Mechanism." In ISTFA 2005. ASM International, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2005p0427.

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Abstract Autoclave Stress failures were encountered at the 96 hour read during transistor reliability testing. A unique metal corrosion mechanism was found during the failure analysis, which was creating a contamination path to the drain source junction, resulting in high Idss and Igss leakage. The Al(Si) top metal was oxidizing along the grain boundaries at a faster rate than at the surface. There was subsurface blistering of the Al(Si), along with the grain boundary corrosion. This blistering was creating a contamination path from the package to the Si surface. Several variations in the metal stack were evaluated to better understand the cause of the failures and to provide a process solution. The prevention of intergranular metal corrosion and subsurface blistering during autoclave testing required a materials change from Al(Si) to Al(Si)(Cu). This change resulted in a reduced corrosion rate and consequently prevented Si contamination due to blistering. The process change resulted in a successful pass through the autoclave testing.
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Mestnikov, Alexei, Semen Semenov, Valeria Strokova, and Viktoria Nelubova. "Autoclave foam concrete: Structure and properties." In ADVANCED MATERIALS IN TECHNOLOGY AND CONSTRUCTION (AMTC-2015): Proceedings of the II All-Russian Scientific Conference of Young Scientists “Advanced Materials in Technology and Construction”. AIP Publishing LLC, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4937880.

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Hambrick, Denise M. "Age Forming Technology Expanded in an Autoclave." In General Aviation Aircraft Meeting and Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/850885.

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Kupiec, S., L. Kayman, and J. Flesher. "126. A Second Look at Autoclave Safety." In AIHce 2001. AIHA, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3320/1.2765638.

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Lin, Wan Ju, Jian-Wen Chen, Che-Lun Hung, and Ching-Hsien Hsu. "Classification of Autoclave Temperature via Deep Learning." In 2019 IEEE International Conferences on Ubiquitous Computing & Communications (IUCC) and Data Science and Computational Intelligence (DSCI) and Smart Computing, Networking and Services (SmartCNS). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iucc/dsci/smartcns.2019.00136.

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Muravyova, E., and S. Shokurov. "Simulation of Autoclave Operation in iThink Software." In 2019 International Multi-Conference on Industrial Engineering and Modern Technologies (FarEastCon). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fareastcon.2019.8934050.

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Dave', Raju S., John L. Kandos, and M. P. Dudukovic. "Modeling and Guidelines for the Autoclave Process." In 1988 Conference and Exposition on Future Transportation Technology. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/881180.

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Naidu, Anish S., Abelardo Escoto, Omar Fahmy, Rajni V. Patel, and Michael D. Naish. "An autoclavable wireless palpation instrument for minimally invasive surgery." In 2016 38th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc.2016.7592215.

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Centea, Timotei, Stella Hughes, Steven Payette, James Kratz, and Pascal Hubert. "Scaling Challenges Encountered with Out-of-Autoclave Prepregs." In 53rd AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference
20th AIAA/ASME/AHS Adaptive Structures Conference
14th AIAA
. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2012-1568.

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Reports on the topic "Autoclavage"

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Thorsness, C. B. A model for simulating autoclave-reactor pressure histories. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/225988.

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Kunc, Vlastimil, Chad E. Duty, John M. Lindahl, and Ahmed A. Hassen. The Development of High Temperature Thermoplastic Composite Materials for Additive Manufactured Autoclave Tooling. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1410928.

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Holmes, Jr, Wolbert Larry R., Gardner James P., and Jared M. A Method for Out-of-autoclave Fabrication of High Fiber Volume Fraction Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada564674.

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Power, G. D. West Angeles Community Development Corporation final technical report on export market feasibility planning and research for the solar medical autoclave. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/670072.

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Adu-Wusu, K., and P. Paul Burket. DESTRUCTION OF TETRAPHENYLBORATE IN TANK 48H USING WET AIR OXIDATION BATCH BENCH SCALE AUTOCLAVE TESTING WITH ACTUAL RADIOACTIVE TANK 48H WASTE. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/952439.

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Holmes, Jr, and Larry R. Research Update for: A Method for Out-of-autoclave Fabrication of High Fiber Volume Fraction Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites (ARL-TR-6057). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada571902.

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