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Journal articles on the topic 'Autoimmune Adrenalitis'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Min, Le, and Nageatte Ibrahim. "Ipilimumab-induced autoimmune adrenalitis." Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology 1, no. 3 (2013): e15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2213-8587(13)70031-7.

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Chinnu, K. Antony* Navya Sunil Haritha B. Nair K. Menaka2 S. Haja Sherief T. Sivakumar. "ADDISON'S DISEASE- A CASE REPORT." Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 04, no. 12 (2017): 4198–200. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1095013.

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Addison ’s disease is a rare endocrine disease which is commonly due to autoimmune adrenalitis and tuberculosis. Usual manifestations involve chronic fatigue, muscle weakness, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, hypotension and hyper pigmentation of skin. A 64 year old female, presented with complaints of cough with expectoration, fever, breathlessness, darkening of skin and diarrhea. The treatment given for the patient was Inj. Dexamethasone for 4 days. Her symptoms resolved gradually after starting the therapy. Keywords: Addison’s disease, Cortisol, Autoimmune Adrenalit

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Frey, Felix J., Bernhard Trost, and Arthur Zimmermann. "Autoimmune Adrenalitis, Asthma and Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis." American Journal of Nephrology 11, no. 4 (1991): 341–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000168334.

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4

Silva, Omega L. "Isolated aldosterone deficiency and autoimmune adrenalitis." American Journal of Medicine 91, no. 2 (1991): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0002-9343(91)90020-x.

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Nuralieva, Nurana F., Ekaterina A. Troshina, and Galina A. Melnichenko. "Lesions in endocrine glands as a complication of immunotherapy in the practice of oncologist." Clinical and experimental thyroidology 14, no. 4 (2019): 174–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/ket9875.

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This review describes the lesions of the endocrine system that occur as a result of immunotherapy of cancer. This phenomenon is associated with the inhibition by monoclonal antibodies of checkpoints, which do not allow the immune system to affect tumor cells: CTLA-4, PD-1 and PD-L1. Immunotherapy by this group of drugs allows to increase the life expectancy of patients with cancer, but it also leads to the development of autoimmune endocrinopathies (thyroiditis, adrenalitis, diabetes mellitus, hypophysitis), which often manifest by life-threatening conditions. In view of the above, the necessi

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Brandão Neto, Rodrigo Antonio, and Jozélio Freire de Carvalho. "Diagnosis and classification of Addison's disease (autoimmune adrenalitis)." Autoimmunity Reviews 13, no. 4-5 (2014): 408–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.autrev.2014.01.025.

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Reinehr, Thomas, Juliane Rothermel, Andreas Wegener-Panzer, Michaela F. Hartmann, Stefan A. Wudy, and Paul-Martin Holterhus. "Vanishing 17-Hydroxyprogesterone Concentrations in 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency." Hormone Research in Paediatrics 90, no. 2 (2018): 138–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000487927.

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We present a boy with a genetically proven congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency. While massively elevated 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) concentrations after birth led to the diagnosis, 17-OHP concentrations became immeasurable starting with the second year of life even though the dose of hydrocortisone was continuously decreased to ∼7 mg/m2/day. Furthermore, 17-OHP levels were immeasurable during the ACTH test and after withdrawing hydrocortisone medication. In contrast, ACTH levels increased after cessation of hydrocortisone treatment suggesting complete pri

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Green, S. T., J. P. Ng, and D. Chan-Lam. "Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus, Myasthenia Gravis, Pernicious Anaemia, Autoimmune Thyroiditis and Autoimmune Adrenalitis in a Single Patient." Scottish Medical Journal 33, no. 1 (1988): 213–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003693308803300112.

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Two classical autoimmune polyendocrine deficiency syndromes with heritable tendencies are described, Type 1 diabetes mellitus being associated with the Type 2 polyendocrine deficiency syndrome (Schmidt's syndrome). A man with Type 1 diabetes mellitus is described who developed an unusual combination of five autoimmune conditions (myasthenia gravis, Addisonian pernicious anaemia, adrenalitis and thyroiditis) which did not fit into the Type 1 or Type 2 classical polyendocrine deficiency syndromes. This suggests that the autoantibody, biochemical and haematological screening of affected individua

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Fujii, Yasuaki, Nobuo Kato, Junzo Kito, Junpei Asai, and Takashi Yokochi. "Experimental Autoimmune Adrenalitis: A Murine Model for Addison's Disease." Autoimmunity 12, no. 1 (1992): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/08916939209146129.

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10

Harris, P. E., and P. Kendall-Taylor. "Isolated aldosterone deficiency in a patient with autoimmune adrenalitis." American Journal of Medicine 90, no. 1 (1991): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0002-9343(91)90515-y.

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Baranski Lamback, Elisa, Grazia Morandi, Eleni Rapti, Georgi Christov, Paul A. Brogan, and Peter Hindmarsh. "Addison’s disease presenting with perimyocarditis." Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism 31, no. 1 (2018): 101–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jpem-2017-0278.

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AbstractBackground:Polyglandular autoimmune syndrome (PGA) and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) do not seem to represent a coincidental association.Case presentation:A case of a 15-year-old boy is reported who presented with severe systemic inflammation, perimyocarditis and cardiogenic shock, in whom EGPA was initially suspected and later diagnosed with autoimmune adrenalitis with PGA.Conclusions:The severity of the systemic inflammation and perimyocarditis suggests a more widespread autoimmune-mediated process. Autoimmune adrenal insufficiency should be considered in all c

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Banerjee, Mainak, Sumit Kumar Mondal, Indira Maisnam, and Apurba Kumar Mukherjee. "Jaundice and anaemia as presenting features of an incomplete autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type II." BMJ Case Reports 12, no. 4 (2019): e228490. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2018-228490.

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The coexistence of adrenal failure with either autoimmune thyroid disease and/or type 1 diabetes is defined as autoimmune polyglandular syndrome (APS) type 2 or Schmidt’s syndrome. Vitiligo, hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, chronic autoimmune hepatitis, alopecia, pernicious anaemia and seronegative arthritis may also be present. We present a case of 45-year-old Indian man with progressive jaundice and asthenia for 3 months. He was also found to have pallor, icterus, dry coarse skin and delayed relaxation of ankle jerk. Investigations showed pancytopaenia with megaloblastic changes due to pernic

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Sakaguchi, S., and N. Sakaguchi. "Organ-specific autoimmune disease induced in mice by elimination of T cell subsets. V. Neonatal administration of cyclosporin A causes autoimmune disease." Journal of Immunology 142, no. 2 (1989): 471–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.142.2.471.

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Abstract Cyclosporin A (CsA), a potent immunosuppressive drug, caused organ-specific autoimmune disease, such as gastritis with anti-parietal cell autoantibodies or oophoritis with anti-oocyte autoantibodies, in BALB/c mice when the drug was administered daily for 1 wk to newborns. Administration to adult mice did not. CsA abrogated the production of L3T4+ T cells and Lyt-2+ T cells in the thymus. Consequently, these T cells were substantially depleted from the peripheral lymphoid organs, especially when the drug was administered from the day of birth. Autoimmune disease was prevented when CsA

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Yadav, Sonam. "A review on Understanding Addison's Disease: From Early Symptoms to Accurate Diagnosis." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 09, no. 01 (2025): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem40468.

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Addison's disease, a rare endocrine disorder affecting approximately 1 in 100,000 individuals, is characterized by adrenal insufficiency due to adrenal cortex dysfunction. Initially described by Thomas Addison in 1855, the disease's etiology has shifted from infectious causes, such as tuberculosis, to autoimmune mechanisms, especially in industrialized countries. In children, congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a common cause, while autoimmune destruction dominates in adults. Autoimmune adrenal insufficiency is associated with various other autoimmune disorders, often manifesting as polygl

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Naha, Sowjanya, Joseph Theressa Nehu Parimi, Rajani Gundluru, John Chen Liu, Hasan Syed, and Timur Gusov. "Persistent Fatigue After Pregnancy: A Case Report." Journal of the Endocrine Society 5, Supplement_1 (2021): A147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvab048.297.

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Abstract Background: Pregnancy is characterized by physiologic immunosuppression and the postpartum period is often associated with rebound autoimmunity leading to unmasking of latent autoimmune disorders. Clinical Case: A thirty-one-year-old Caucasian female presented with generalized fatigue, myalgias and arthralgias that started three months after the birth of her first child. She was seen at a local hospital on multiple occasions and was treated symptomatically. She was noted to have orthostatic hypotension during these visits and was initiated on midodrine and fludrocortisone for presumed

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Carroll, Dylan, and Pranjali Sharma. "PSAT037 The Unlikely Suspect - A New Diagnosis of Autoimmune Addison's Disease in an 80-year old Lady." Journal of the Endocrine Society 6, Supplement_1 (2022): A103—A104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvac150.211.

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Abstract Introduction Hyponatremia is a common cause of hospitalization in older adults. Addison's disease (AD), an uncommon cause of hyponatremia, is primary adrenal insufficiency (AI) caused by autoimmune adrenalitis, infections, adrenal hemorrhage, or infiltration. Autoimmune adrenalitis is an uncommon cause of AD after age 60 years. We report an 80 year old patient with hyponatremia who was ultimately diagnosed with autoimmune AD. Case report An 80 year-old lady with steroid-controlled asthma, presented to the ER with weakness, imbalance, nausea and vomiting two weeks after a urinary tract

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Odin, Vitalii, Valerii Tishko, Viktoriya Klimenko, Oksana Shcherbatyuk, Mikhail Vasilyev, and Vadim Tyrenko. "Nivolumab-induced endocrinopathy." Problems in oncology 66, no. 6 (2020): 695–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.37469/0507-3758-2020-66-6-695-701.

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Inhibitors of immune control points (ICP) is a new group of drugs used to treat patients with incurable neoplasias, in particular their metastatic forms. However, there is a risk of developing immune-mediated adverse events from a number of organ systems during therapy with these drugs. Immune-mediated adverse events are understood as a side effect due to excessive activation of the immune system with autoimmune damage to normal tissues of various organs and systems, and not the main goal of immunotherapy. In particular, one of these side effects when using ICP is the development of endocrinop

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Brown, Nolan J., Alex Wang, Gianna Fote, Chris Gabriel, Reza Farokhpay, and John Luo. "Acute Mania in a Patient With Primary Adrenal Insufficiency Due to Autoimmune Adrenalitis: A Case Report." Journal of Psychiatric Practice 29, no. 3 (2023): 260–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/pra.0000000000000711.

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19

Onyango, Vonwicks Czelstakov, Boniface Mutiso, Nicholas Muriithi Mutuma, Collins Paul Malalu, Nicholas Auma, and William C. Fryda MD. "Miliary Tuberculosis Causing Presumed Primary Adrenal Insufficiency and Addisonian Crisis: A Case Report from Rural Kenya." American Journal of Medical Science and Innovation 3, no. 1 (2024): 91–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.54536/ajmsi.v3i1.2773.

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Primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison’s disease) is characterized by inadequate production of cortisol from the adrenal glands due to diseases of the adrenal gland. Due to the insidious onset and non-specific nature of the symptoms of adrenal insufficiency, diagnosis is often delayed until patients present with an adrenal crisis. The three most common causes are autoimmune adrenalitis, infections, e.g., disseminated tuberculosis, HIV, systemic mycoses, and adrenal hemorrhage or infarction. Miliary tuberculosis of the adrenal gland occurs in high-TB burden populations by hematogenous spread of

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Roberts, Emma, and Melanie J. Dobromylskyj. "Histopathological evaluation of the adrenal glands in a cat with primary hypoadrenocorticism and multiple endocrine disease." Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports 8, no. 2 (2022): 205511692211252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20551169221125207.

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Case summary A 6-year-old male neutered domestic longhair cat was referred for investigation of weight loss, hyporexia, vomiting and diarrhoea. The cat was diagnosed with primary hypoadrenocorticism, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, cobalamin deficiency and a chronic enteropathy, and started on therapeutic treatment. Diabetes mellitus developed 4.5 months later, and the cat was started on insulin therapy. The cat was euthanased 10 months following the diagnosis of hypoadrenocorticism due to the development of status epilepticus, which was not associated with glucose or electrolyte abnormalit

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Sakaguchi, S., N. Sakaguchi, M. Asano, M. Itoh, and M. Toda. "Immunologic self-tolerance maintained by activated T cells expressing IL-2 receptor alpha-chains (CD25). Breakdown of a single mechanism of self-tolerance causes various autoimmune diseases." Journal of Immunology 155, no. 3 (1995): 1151–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.155.3.1151.

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Abstract Approximately 10% of peripheral CD4+ cells and less than 1% of CD8+ cells in normal unimmunized adult mice express the IL-2 receptor alpha-chain (CD25) molecules. When CD4+ cell suspensions prepared from BALB/c nu/+ mice lymph nodes and spleens were depleted of CD25+ cells by specific mAb and C, and then inoculated into BALB/c athymic nude (nu/nu) mice, all recipients spontaneously developed histologically and serologically evident autoimmune diseases (such as thyroiditis, gastritis, insulitis, sialoadenitis, adrenalitis, oophoritis, glomerulonephritis, and polyarthritis); some mice a

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22

Ratnagiri, B. S. V. V., Lella Padmaja, Sai Bhavishya Dasari, Srivani Reddy Anireddy, and Chitte Hema Nikhil. "A Case Series Of Primary Adrenal Insufficiency Of Infectious Etiology (Tuberculous Adrenalitis) Presenting As Gastrointestinal, Systemic And Cutaneous Manifestations -A Single Center Experience From Andhra Pradesh." IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences 24, no. 1 (2025): 37–41. https://doi.org/10.9790/0853-2401023741.

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Addison's disease presents with chronic and progressive fatigue, muscle weakness, lightheadedness with gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, and weight loss) and hypotension and hyperpigmentation with lab abnormalities such as hyponatremia and hyperkalemia with normal anion gap metabolic acidosis with low cortisol and raised ACTH, that even after receiving cosyntropin stays low. The most common etiologies are autoimmune adrenalitis in developed countries and TB in developing countries. We present a case series of 2 different case reports with various manifestations of primary

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Ferreira, Lia, João Silva, Susana Garrido, et al. "Primary adrenal insufficiency in adult population: a Portuguese Multicentre Study by the Adrenal Tumours Study Group." Endocrine Connections 6, no. 8 (2017): 935–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/ec-17-0295.

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Introduction Primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) is a rare but severe and potentially life-threatening condition. No previous studies have characterized Portuguese patients with PAI. Aims To characterize the clinical presentation, diagnostic workup, treatment and follow‐up of Portuguese patients with confirmed PAI. Methods This multicentre retrospective study examined PAI patients in 12 Portuguese hospitals. Results We investigated 278 patients with PAI (55.8% were females), with a mean age of 33.6 ± 19.3 years at diagnosis. The most frequent presenting clinical features were asthenia (60.1%),

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Jamal, Yusra, Yudi Camacho, and Jamie Mullally. "ODP030 Autoimmune Adrenalitis Following mRNA Covid- 19 Immunization In A Patient Without A Known Diagnosis Of Adrenal Insufficiency." Journal of the Endocrine Society 6, Supplement_1 (2022): A55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvac150.113.

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Abstract A 45-year-old female with a past medical history of Hashimoto thyroiditis and celiac disease presented after a syncopal episode that resulted in a motor vehicle accident. The patient had symptoms of fatigue, nausea, and anorexia for three weeks following the second dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine. Initial laboratory tests revealed hyponatremia with serum sodium (Na) of 123mEq/L that worsened to 111mEq/L after receiving the normal saline infusion. Serum potassium was 3.4mEq/l, Thyroid-stimulating hormone level was 6.350mIU/l, free thyroxine level was 1.1 ng/dl and glucose

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Chernyavska, I. V., N. V. Skrypnyk, and V. I. Pankiv. "Long-diagnosed primary adrenal insufficiency in the setting of Werlhof’s disease. A clinical case report." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY (Ukraine) 19, no. 8 (2024): 605–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.22141/2224-0721.19.8.2023.1346.

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Chronic adrenal insufficiency is an endocrine disease caused by insufficient secretion of adrenal hormones due to dysfunction of one or more links of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. The highest prevalence has been documented in Scandinavian countries: 15–22 people per 100,000 population, while other European countries report 10 cases per 100,000 population. Autoimmune adrenalitis is the most common cause of primary adrenal insufficiency in adults, and it can be either alone (40 %) or a component of autoimmune polyglandular syndromes (60 %). The etiologic factors of primary adrenal ins

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De Bellis, Annamaria, Alberto Falorni, Stefano Laureti, et al. "Time Course of 21-Hydroxylase Antibodies and Long-Term Remission of Subclinical Autoimmune Adrenalitis after Corticosteroid Therapy: Case Report." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 86, no. 2 (2001): 675–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jcem.86.2.7212.

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Pokharel, Sunil, A. Shrestha, D. Maksey, et al. "Addisonian Crisis Precipitated By Thyroxine Therapy In A Patient With Type 2 Autoimmune Polyglandular Syndrome." Journal of Chitwan Medical College 3, no. 4 (2014): 54–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmc.v3i4.9557.

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Primary hypoadrenalism(Addison’s disease) refers to glucocorticoid deficiency occurring in the setting of adrenal disease(mostly due to autoimmune adrenalitis), whereas secondary hypoadrenalism arises because of deficiency of ACTH(mostly due to pituitary disease) . A major distinction between these two is that mineralocorticoid deficiency invariably accompanies primary hypoadrenalism, but this does not occur in secondary hypoadrenalism because only ACTH is deficient; the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis is intact and in primary hypoadrenalism skin pigmentation is always present due to inc

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Banjade, Rabin, Binayak Upadhyay, and Bidhisa Kharel. "Adrenal Insufficiency: Hidden Mimicker With Other Autoimmune Disease Potentials." Journal of the Endocrine Society 5, Supplement_1 (2021): A111—A112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvab048.224.

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Abstract Background: Adrenal insufficiency has various nonspecific symptoms, which are often overlooked until the patient presents with a life-threatening adrenal crisis. Our patient presented during the COVID19 pandemic, which further blurred our diagnostic sense. Clinical Case: A 26-year-old female presented with sudden intractable non-bloody non-bilious vomiting occurring every 30 minutes along with sharp epigastric pain radiating to her back, dizziness, and extreme fatigue for the last 2 days. She had similar but milder episodes in the past 2–3 years as well and endorsed unintentional weig

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Jado Alanazi, Yasmeen Alhumaidi, Mokhld Sanhat Alotaibi, ‏Aljazi Awadh AlAnizi, et al. "Comprehensive analysis of adrenal crisis management: Emergency and paramedic interventions in acute endocrine emergencies." International journal of life sciences 8, S1 (2024): 1–20. https://doi.org/10.53730/ijls.v8ns1.15478.

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Background: Adrenal crisis, also known as Addisonian crisis, is a life-threatening emergency caused by acute adrenal insufficiency, which can result from various factors including autoimmune adrenalitis, infections, physical trauma, and sudden discontinuation of glucocorticoid treatment. The condition is associated with significant mortality rates and rapid clinical deterioration if not promptly treated. Early recognition and immediate intervention are essential for improving patient outcomes. This article explores the management of adrenal crisis in emergency medical settings, focusing on par

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Haider, Salman, Daryl Ramai, Saira Shah, et al. "ASSOCIATION OF INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE AND AUTOIMMUNE PRIMARY ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY." Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 30, Supplement_1 (2024): S29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ibd/izae020.066.

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Abstract AIMS To assess the prevalence and association of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with autoimmune primary adrenal insufficiency (APAI). BACKGROUND Patients with inflammatory bowel disease are at risk for developing other immune mediated diseases (IMD). There is a paucity of data on the association of IBD with autoimmune primary adrenal insufficiency/ autoimmune adrenalitis. To date, only small series have been published in the literature and well-designed population-based studies have not yet examined this association. METHODS We identified patients from the Healthcare Cost and Utiliz

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Kapoor, Vidit, and Olivier Rixe. "Toxicity of PD-1/CTLA-4 inhibitor immunotherapy among elderly patients." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 15_suppl (2019): e14139-e14139. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.e14139.

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e14139 Background: The use of Immune check point inhibitors in advanced metastatic melanoma is becoming increasingly common especially in the elderly population. With metastatic melanoma being mostly a disease of the elderly, the safety and toxicity profile of immune check point inhibitors in this population group continues to remain controversial. Prior studies have hypothesized that due to reduced immune responses in the elderly, toxicity to immune check point inhibitors is expected to be low. In this study we aim to analyze the association of check point inhibitor induced immuno-toxicity wi

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Hagelskjær, A., R. Cordtz, S. Bliddal, et al. "POS0313 INCIDENCE AND PREVALENCE OF POLYAUTOIMMUNITY IN SEROPOSITIVE COMPARED WITH SERONEGATIVE PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS: A NATIONWIDE COHORT STUDY." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (2021): 382.2–383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.668.

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Background:Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is categorized as seropositive or seronegative referring to the presence or absence of IgM rheumatoid factor (IgM-RF) and/ or anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA).Patients with an autoimmune disease are more likely to develop additional autoimmune conditions than individuals without pre-existing autoimmune disease.Objectives:The aims of this study were to examine patterns of polyautoimmunity in seropositive compared with seronegative patients with recent-onset RA.Methods:The study was register-based and used the nationwide DANBIO register (identific

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Kasimoglu, Ismail Hakki, and Jenny Qian Dai-Ju. "LBODP012 A Case of Addison's Disease Presented With Rhabdomyolysis And Psychosis." Journal of the Endocrine Society 6, Supplement_1 (2022): A42—A43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvac150.088.

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Abstract Background Addison's disease is a disorder of deficiencies in glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids, mostly resulting from destruction of the adrenal cortex. Rhabdomyolysis and psychosis can be symptoms presented in cases of adrenal crisis. Clinical Case A 42-year-old male was hospitalized for rhabdomyolysis (CK 5200 U/L), hyponatremia (Na 117 mmol/L), hyperkalemia (K 6.4 mmol/dL) and acute renal failure (Creatinine 4.4 mg/dL). Past medical history was significant for a similar episode of rhabdomyolysis: negative EMG, muscle biopsy nonconclusive, diagnosed with autoimmune hypothyroid

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Bancos, Irina, Jon Hazeldine, Vasileios Chortis, et al. "Primary adrenal insufficiency is associated with impaired natural killer cell function: a potential link to increased mortality." European Journal of Endocrinology 176, no. 4 (2017): 471–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-16-0969.

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Objective Mortality in patients with primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) is significantly increased, with respiratory infections as a major cause of death. Moreover, patients with PAI report an increased rate of non-fatal infections. Neutrophils and natural killer (NK) cells are innate immune cells that provide frontline protection against invading pathogens. Thus, we compared the function and phenotype of NK cells and neutrophils isolated from PAI patients and healthy controls to ascertain whether altered innate immune responses could be a contributory factor for the increased susceptibility

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Moreira, Erica Cristina, Marcia Rejane de Araújo Almeida, Maria Carolina Reche Aidar Pereira, Enzo Marco de Araújo Torres, and Alcione de Oliveira dos Santos. "CONSEQUÊNCIAS PATOLÓGICAS DA INSUFICIÊNCIA ADRENAL." REVISTA FIMCA 10, no. 1 (2023): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.37157/fimca.v10i1.354.

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As glândulas suprarrenais ou adrenais são estruturas bilaterais situadas nos polos superiores dos rins, possuindo duas partes distintas: a medula adrenal e o córtex adrenal. Cada parte da glândula produz hormônios específicos e a sua produção irregular devido às diversas causas produzem doenças de importância médica. A prevenção e o tratamento adequado são importantes para evitar desfechos fatais. Portanto, o objetivo desta investigação é fazer uma breve revisão bibliográfica sobre diagnóstico, causas e tratamento da insuficiência da adrenal. Metodologicamente os termos “insuficiência adrenal”

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Kamimoto, Jorge J., Julia Kharlip, and Kristen Kobaly. "PSAT034 A Case of Adrenal Crisis in Association With a Febrile Response to the bnt162b2 mRNA COVID-19 (Pfizer) Vaccine Heralding a Diagnosis of Primary Adrenal Insufficiency." Journal of the Endocrine Society 6, Supplement_1 (2022): A103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvac150.210.

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Abstract Background In the face of the COVID-19 pandemic, messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines were approved for the first time for use in the general population. Vaccination can trigger a febrile flu-like response that is self-limited in healthy individuals. Febrile illness is a classic trigger of acute adrenal insufficiency in patients who are cortisol deficient, but recognizing this clinical scenario is challenging in patients with undiagnosed adrenal insufficiency. Case Presentation A 24-year-old male presented to an acute care community hospital with fatigue, fever, and vomiting 12 hours after r

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Henzen, Christoph. "Nebennierenrindeninsuffizienz - Abklärung und Therapie im klinischen Alltag." Therapeutische Umschau 68, no. 6 (2011): 337–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0040-5930/a000174.

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Die adäquate Stimulierbarkeit der Hypothalamus-Hypophysen-Nebennierenrinden Achse (Cortisol-Achse) ist essenziell für die Adaptation des menschlichen Organismus an Stresssituationen und den Erhalt homöostatischer Systeme. Klinische und laborchemische Veränderungen bei einer NNR-Insuffizienz sind häufig maskiert und unspezifisch. Die häufigste Ursache einer primären NNR-Insuffizienz ist die Autoimmun-Adrenalitis (im Rahmen eines Polyglandulären Autoimmun-Syndroms), während die sekundäre NNR-Insuffizienz meistens durch eine Glukokortikoid-Therapie entsteht. Eine chronische NNR-Insuffizienz kann

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Silva-Fernandez, Julia, Rafael Morales-Chamorro, Francisco Javier Gomez-Alfonso, et al. "Ipilimumab immunotheraphy for advanced melanoma induced autoimmune adrenalitis." Endocrine Abstracts, May 13, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/endoabs.41.ep46.

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Mourinho, Bala Nadia, Raquel S. Goncalves, Joana Serra Caetano, Rita Cardoso, Isabel Dinis, and Alice Mirante. "Adrenal insufficiency due to autoimmune adrenalitis in pediatric age." Endocrine Abstracts, August 31, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/endoabs.75.a14.

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M, Gharib Ahmed Ahmed, and Elizabeth Cheyne. "Pre-clinical Autoimmune Adrenalitis, biochemically diagnosed; Treat or Not?" Endocrine Abstracts, May 10, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/endoabs.91.p47.

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Grover, Dheera, Chenxiang Cao, and Sarika Rao. "MON-LB038 Isolated Hypoaldosteronism Due to Autoimmune Adrenalitis in a Patient With Autoimmune Polyglandular Syndrome." Journal of the Endocrine Society 4, Supplement_1 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvaa046.2011.

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Abstract BACKGROUND At the initial presentation of autoimmune adrenal insufficiency, most patients present with hormonal deficiencies from all three layers of adrenal cortex. However, isolated aldosterone deficiency causing a true partial adrenal insufficiency in the setting of autoimmune adrenalitis remains underrecognized. CASE REPORT A 67-year old female patient with a known history of diabetes mellitus type 1 since the age of 13 and morphea, presented with progressively worsening symptoms of confusion and hallucinations, fatigue, and loss of appetite over the past 5 years. During this time

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Trimeche, Oumeyma, Fatma Minf, Dhoha Ben Salah, et al. "Coexistence of 21 Hydroxylase Deficiency and Autoimmune Adrenalitis: A Case Report." Journal of Diabetes and Endocrine Practice, September 2, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1789198.

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Abstract21-Hydroxylase deficiency (21 OHD) is the most common cause of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). Despite its relative frequency, many aspects of this disease are understudied. The aim of our case report was to highlight the association between nonclassic CAH (NCCAH) and autoimmunity, and to encourage future research to explore the possible cause-and-effect relationship between CAH and tumorigenesis. Here, we report the case of a 41-year-old woman with a history of nonclassic 21 OHD, who demonstrated typical signs of acute adrenal insufficiency. As it is well known, this is an unusu

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Penger, Theresa, Andrea Albrecht, Michaela Marx, Daniel Stachel, Markus Metzler, and Helmuth G. Dörr. "Adrenal crisis in a 14-year-old boy 12 years after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation." Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism Case Reports 2018 (June 6, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/edm-18-0034.

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Summary We report on a boy of Albanian descent with the history of juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML). JMML was diagnosed at the age of 17 months and treated by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). At the age of 14.3 years, about 12 years after HSCT, he was hospitalized with an adrenal crisis. Hormone findings were consistent with primary adrenal insufficiency. Autoimmune adrenalitis was confirmed by positive autoantibodies against 21-hydroxylase and adrenal tissue. Since autoimmune Hashimoto thyroiditis was already known from the age of 9 years, we assume that both diseases ar

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Quandt, Zoe, Arabella Young, Ana Luisa Perdigoto, Kevan C. Herold, and Mark S. Anderson. "Autoimmune Endocrinopathies: An Emerging Complication of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors." Annual Review of Medicine 72, no. 1 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-med-050219-034237.

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Immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) reverse immune suppression that is thought to allow malignant growth. Despite remarkable efficacy in a subset of cancers, their use is accompanied by immune-related adverse events, including endocrinopathies such as hypophysitis, thyroid dysfunction, diabetes, and adrenalitis. These conditions are heterogenous, with differing incidence across CPI types, but are unified by the acuity and extremity of tissue-specific organ failure. Their occurrence may be associated with beneficial tumor control. Further understanding of the risk factors and mechanisms of thes

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Rossi, Silvia, Francesca Silvetti, Monia Bordoni, Alessandro Ciarloni, Gianmaria Salvio, and Giancarlo Balercia. "Pembrolizumab-induced Thyroiditis, Hypophysitis and Adrenalitis: A Case of Triple Endocrine Dysfunction." JCEM Case Reports 2, no. 11 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jcemcr/luae200.

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Abstract Immune checkpoint inhibitor drugs can trigger autoimmune endocrine reactions as a known side effect. Several cases of immunotherapy-induced autoimmune endocrinopathies have been described, but multiple sequential endocrine toxicities are a rare occurrence. A 39-year-old patient with metastatic melanoma started adjuvant therapy with pembrolizumab. One month later he presented with asymptomatic thyrotoxicosis and, within several weeks, overt hypothyroidism, for which he started levothyroxine therapy. Subsequently the patient developed central adrenal insufficiency due to probable hypoph

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Cardona, Zulma, Jeffrey A. Sosman, Sunandana Chandra, and Wenyu Huang. "Endocrine side effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors." Frontiers in Endocrinology 14 (May 11, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2023.1157805.

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Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have increasingly been the mainstay of treatment for numerous malignancies. However, due to their association with autoimmunity, ICIs have resulted in a variety of side effects that involve multiple organs including the endocrine system. In this review article, we describe our current understanding of the autoimmune endocrinopathies as a result of the use of ICIs. We will review the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of the most commonly encountered endocrinopathies, including thyroiditis, hypophysitis, Type 1 dia

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Vina, Isabel, Raquel Sánchez, Ivonne C. Fernández, and Clotilde Vázquez. "FRI195 Tuberculosis and Adrenal Glands: The Great Forgotten." Journal of the Endocrine Society 7, Supplement_1 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvad114.190.

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Abstract Disclosure: I. Vina: None. R. Sánchez: None. I.C. Fernández: None. C. Vázquez: None. Background: Tuberculous adrenalitis is an extremely rare cause of Addison disease in developed countries. Since more than 80% of the primary adrenal insufficiency cases in the developed world are caused by autoimmune disease, tuberculous adrenalitis often go unnoticed. The aim of this case report is to remember that, even if it is not frequent, TB cannot be overlooked as a cause of longstanding primary adrenal insufficiency, even without evidence of pulmonary or extra glandular TB disease. Herein, we

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Arrigoni, Marta, Paolo Cavarzere, Lara Nicolussi Principe, Rossella Gaudino, and Franco Antoniazzi. "Autoimmune adrenal insufficiency in children: a hint for polyglandular syndrome type 2?" Italian Journal of Pediatrics 49, no. 1 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13052-023-01502-y.

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Abstract Background Primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) in childhood is a life-threatening disease most commonly due to impaired steroidogenesis. Differently from adulthood, autoimmune adrenalitis is a rare condition amongst PAI’s main aetiologies and could present as an isolated disorder or as a component of polyglandular syndromes, particularly type 2. As a matter of fact, autoimmune polyglandular syndrome (APS) type 2 consists of the association between autoimmune Addison’s disease, type 1 diabetes mellitus and/or Hashimoto’s disease. Case presentation We report the case of an 8-year-old gi

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Zhu, Jia, and David T. Breault. "False-positive very long-chain fatty acids in a case of autoimmune adrenal insufficiency." Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, December 11, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jpem-2020-0652.

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AbstractBackgroundX-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) affects up to 25% of boys diagnosed with adrenal insufficiency in childhood. Because early identification of these individuals can be lifesaving, all boys with new-onset primary adrenal insufficiency should be tested for ALD with a plasma very long-chain fatty acid (VLCFA) level. While plasma VLCFA is a diagnostic test with high sensitivity and specificity, false-positive results have been reported in individuals on a ketogenic diet.Case presentationWe present a case of an 11-year-old boy with new-onset primary adrenal insufficiency due to

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., Mohini, Rohit Parsad, Shaveta Dahiya, Diksha Nayak, and Manoj Malik. "Bilateral Adrenal Masses with Different Aetiologies Presenting as Addisonian Crisis with Acute Kidney Injury: A Case Series." JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.7860/jcdr/2023/64509.18672.

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An Addisonian Crisis (AC) is an endocrinological emergency associated with high mortality, resulting from an acute deficit of hormones from the adrenal glands. It can occur either in a patient with known Adrenal Insufficiency (AI) or as the initial presentation of the disease. Primary Adrenal Insufficiency (PAI), which can be caused by autoimmune adrenalitis or tubercular adrenalitis, is the most common cause worldwide and particularly prevalent in developing countries like India. Other causes of PAI include infiltrative pathology, drugs, haemorrhage, or, rarely, malignancy. Secondary Adrenal

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