Academic literature on the topic 'Automated HIL testing'
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Journal articles on the topic "Automated HIL testing"
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Weiss, Kevin, Michel Rottleuthner, Thomas C. Schmidt, and Matthias Wählisch. "PHiLIP on the HiL: Automated Multi-Platform OS Testing With External Reference Devices." ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems 20, no. 5s (October 31, 2021): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3477040.
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Developing an operating systems (OSs) for low-end embedded devices requires continuous adaptation to new hardware architectures and components, while serviceability of features needs to be assured for each individual platform under tight resource constraints. It is challenging to design a versatile and accurate heterogeneous test environment that is agile enough to cover a continuous evolution of the code base and platforms. This mission is even more challenging when organized in an agile open-source community process with many contributors such as for the RIOT OS. Hardware in the Loop (HiL) testing and Continuous Integration (CI) are automatable approaches to verify functionality, prevent regressions, and improve the overall quality at development speed in large community projects. In this paper, we present PHiLIP (Primitive Hardware in the Loop Integration Product), an open-source external reference device together with tools that validate the system software while it controls hardware and interprets physical signals. Instead of focusing on a specific test setting, PHiLIP takes the approach of a tool-assisted agile HiL test process, designed for continuous evolution and deployment cycles. We explain its design, describe how it supports HiL tests, evaluate performance metrics, and report on practical experiences of employing PHiLIP in an automated CI test infrastructure. Our initial deployment comprises 22 unique platforms, each of which executes 98 peripheral tests every night. PHiLIP allows for easy extension of low-cost, adaptive testing infrastructures but serves testing techniques and tools to a much wider range of applications.
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Cadamuro, Janne, Michael Cornes, Ana-Maria Simundic, Barbara de la Salle, Gunn B. B. Kristensen, Joao Tiago Guimaraes, Kjell Grankvist, et al. "European survey on preanalytical sample handling – Part 2: Practices of European laboratories on monitoring and processing haemolytic, icteric and lipemic samples. On behalf of the European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (EF." Biochemia medica 29, no. 2 (April 14, 2019): 334–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.11613/bm.2019.020705.
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Introduction: No guideline currently exists on how to detect or document haemolysis, icterus or lipemia (HIL) in blood samples, nor on subsequent use of this information. The EFLM WG-PRE has performed a survey for assessing current practices of European laboratories in HIL monitoring. This second part of two coherent articles is focused on HIL. Materials and methods: An online survey, containing 39 questions on preanalytical issues, was disseminated among EFLM member countries. Seventeen questions exclusively focused on assessment, management and follow-up actions of HIL in routine blood samples. Results: Overall, 1405 valid responses from 37 countries were received. A total of 1160 (86%) of all responders stating to analyse blood samples - monitored HIL. HIL was mostly checked in clinical chemistry samples and less frequently in those received for coagulation, therapeutic drug monitoring and serology/infectious disease testing. HIL detection by automatic HIL indices or visual inspection, along with haemolysis cut-offs definition, varied widely among responders. A quarter of responders performing automated HIL checks used internal quality controls. In haemolytic/icteric/lipemic samples, most responders (70%) only rejected HIL-sensitive parameters, whilst about 20% released all test results with general comments. Other responders did not analysed but rejected the entire sample, while some released all tests, without comments. Overall, 26% responders who monitored HIL were using this information for monitoring phlebotomy or sample transport quality. Conclusion: Strategies for monitoring and treating haemolytic, icteric or lipemic samples are quite heterogeneous in Europe. The WG-PRE will use these insights for developing and providing recommendations aimed at harmonizing strategies across Europe.
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Ma, Jiaqi, Fang Zhou, Zhitong Huang, Christopher L. Melson, Rachel James, and Xiaoxiao Zhang. "Hardware-in-the-Loop Testing of Connected and Automated Vehicle Applications: A Use Case for Queue-Aware Signalized Intersection Approach and Departure." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2672, no. 22 (September 9, 2018): 36–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118793001.
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Most existing studies on connected and automated vehicle (CAV) applications apply simulation to evaluate system effectiveness. Model accuracy, limited data for calibration, and simulation assumptions limit the validity of evaluation results. One alternative approach is to use emerging hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) testing methods. HIL test environments enable physical test vehicles to interact with virtual vehicles from traffic simulation models, providing an evaluation environment that can replicate deployment conditions at early stages of CAV technology implementation without incurring excessive costs related to large field tests. In this study, a HIL testing system for vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) CAV applications is developed. The involved software and hardware includes a physical CAV controlled in real time, a traffic signal controller, communication devices, and a traffic simulator (VISSIM). Such HIL systems increase validity by considering the physical vehicle’s trajectories—which are constrained by real-world factors such as GPS accuracy, communication delay, and vehicle dynamics—in a simulated traffic environment. The developed HIL system is applied to test a representative early deployment CAV application: queue-aware signalized intersection approach and departure (Q-SIAD). The Q-SIAD algorithm generates recommended speed profiles based on the vehicle’s status, signal phase and timing (SPaT), downstream queue length, and system constraints and parameters (e.g., maximum acceleration and deceleration). The algorithm also considers the status of other vehicles in designing the speed profiles. The experiment successfully demonstrated this functionality with one test CAV driving through one intersection controlled by a fixed-timing traffic signal under various simulated traffic conditions.
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Mouzakitis, Alexandros, David Copp, Richard Parker, and Keith Burnham. "Hardware-in-the-Loop System for Testing Automotive Ecu Diagnostic Software." Measurement and Control 42, no. 8 (October 2009): 238–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002029400904200803.
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The purpose of this paper is to present an approach to testing ECU diagnostic software using hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) systems at Jaguar Land Rover (JLR). The increasing complexity of embedded software for automotive electronic control units (ECUs) requires a convenient and flexible environment for system testing. On-board diagnostic software represents a significant proportion of ECU software and consequently, the effort, in terms of time and manpower required to determine the validity of ECU software is becoming excessive. The process for validating on-board diagnostic software is traditionally achieved using tests carried out with actual vehicles. Some tests are difficult and expensive to perform in vehicles. Automated testing offers an approach that can improve the validation process whilst providing the potential for cost saves. Since JLR utilises ECUs from different suppliers, the development of a generic approach to automated testing is vital.
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Barus, Arlinta Christy, and Leo Siburian. "Studi Perbandingan Alat Pengujian Otomatis untuk Aplikasi Android." Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Ilmu Komputer 6, no. 6 (December 2, 2019): 645. http://dx.doi.org/10.25126/jtiik.201966953.
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<p class="IEEEAbtract">Pengujian adalah tahap yang penting dan harus dilalui dalam proses pengembangan perangkat lunak. Pengujian tersebut dilakukan untuk menghindari kesalahan yang mungkin terdapat pada perangkat lunak yang diuji. Ada banyak kasus uji (<em>test case</em>) yang harus dieksekusi dalam proses pengujian. Karena itu, pengujian yang dilakukan secara manual membutuhkan upaya yang besar. Oleh sebab itu pengujian otomatis (<em>automated testing</em>) menjadi hal yang penting untuk dipertimbangkan menggantikan pengujian manual. Pengujian otomatis adalah penggunaan kakas pengujian (<em>testing tools</em> atau <em>testing framework</em>) dalam melakukan pengujian suatu perangkat lunak yang secara signifikan mengurangi waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk melakukan pengujian. Ada banyak kakas yang dapat digunakan untuk melakukan pengujian otomatis, antara lain Selendroid, Calabash, dan UI Automator. Tulisan ini membahas tentang studi perbandingan kakas pengujian otomatis pada aplikasi<em> </em><em>mobile</em> berbasis android dengan menggunakan Selendroid, Calabash, dan UI Automator. Eksperimen dilakukan untuk mengetahui kelebihan dan kekurangan masing-masing tools. Dari hasil analisis dan eksperimen, penulis merekomendasikan UI Automator sebagai kakas terbaik dalam hal kemudahan penginstalasian dan menjalankan kasus uji dalam sebuah kegiatan pengujian aplikasi <em>mobile</em> berbasis android.</p><p class="IEEEAbtract"> </p><p class="IEEEAbtract"><em><strong>Abstract</strong></em></p><p class="Abstrak"><em>Testing is a must to do phase in software development process. It is perfomed to avoid any bugs that may exist in the </em><em>software. There are many test cases to be executed in the testing process</em><em> to make sure software is running according to its specification and without any bugs. Testing done manually take</em><em>s a long time and extra work. Therefore, automated testing is </em><em>important. Automated testing is the use of testing tools or testing framework in testing a software. Automated testing aims to test or significantly reduce the time required for testing. There are many tools that can be used to perform test automation</em><em> of android mobile application, including Selendroid, Calabash</em><em>, and UI Automator. </em><em>This paper discusses about comparative studies of automated testing tools on android applications using Selendroid, Calabash</em><em>, and UI Automator. </em><em>Some experiments are conducted to know the </em><em>strengths and </em><em>weakness of each tool</em><em>. Based on this study, we give recommendation to UI Automator as the handiest tool to use in term of installation and the execution of the test cases. </em></p><p class="IEEEAbtract"><em><strong><br /></strong></em></p>
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Rayment, M., E. Doku, A. Thornton, M. Pearn, M. Sudhanva, R. Jones, A. Nardone, et al. "Automatic oral fluid-based HIV testing in HIV screening programmes: automatic for the people." HIV Medicine 14 (August 28, 2013): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hiv.12063.
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Lian, Jing, Ya Fu Zhou, Teng Ma, and Xiao Yong Shen. "Development of Automotive Electronics HIL Simulation Experimental Platform." Applied Mechanics and Materials 44-47 (December 2010): 1893–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.44-47.1893.
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This paper presents a low-cost, simple and reliable solution for automotive electronics Hardware-In-Loop (HIL) simulation, taking Jetta AT1.6 car as object, designs and develops automotive electronics HIL simulation platform. Firstly, the overall structure of the platform is designed; secondly, system hardware platform is developed and built using Protel DXP; then, HIL simulation models of ABS (Anti-lock Braking System), engine and automatic transmission are built using Matlab/Simulink and develop automotive electronics HIL simulation platform; finally, carry on the experiment and the results show that the designed HIL simulation experimental platform is good. The platform has widespread applicability in the teaching experiments and the aspects of developing, debugging and testing of automotive electronics control systems.
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Feretzakis, Georgios, Aikaterini Sakagianni, Evangelos Loupelis, Dimitris Kalles, Nikoletta Skarmoutsou, Maria Martsoukou, Constantinos Christopoulos, et al. "Machine Learning for Antibiotic Resistance Prediction: A Prototype Using Off-the-Shelf Techniques and Entry-Level Data to Guide Empiric Antimicrobial Therapy." Healthcare Informatics Research 27, no. 3 (July 31, 2021): 214–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4258/hir.2021.27.3.214.
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Objectives: In the era of increasing antimicrobial resistance, the need for early identification and prompt treatment of multi-drug-resistant infections is crucial for achieving favorable outcomes in critically ill patients. As traditional microbiological susceptibility testing requires at least 24 hours, automated machine learning (AutoML) techniques could be used as clinical decision support tools to predict antimicrobial resistance and select appropriate empirical antibiotic treatment.Methods: An antimicrobial susceptibility dataset of 11,496 instances from 499 patients admitted to the internal medicine wards of a public hospital in Greece was processed by using Microsoft Azure AutoML to evaluate antibiotic susceptibility predictions using patients’ simple demographic characteristics, as well as previous antibiotic susceptibility testing, without any concomitant clinical data. Furthermore, the balanced dataset was also processed using the same procedure. The datasets contained the attributes of sex, age, sample type, Gram stain, 44 antimicrobial substances, and the antibiotic susceptibility results.Results: The stack ensemble technique achieved the best results in the original and balanced dataset with an area under the curve-weighted metric of 0.822 and 0.850, respectively.Conclusions: Implementation of AutoML for antimicrobial susceptibility data can provide clinicians useful information regarding possible antibiotic resistance and aid them in selecting appropriate empirical antibiotic therapy by taking into consideration the local antimicrobial resistance ecosystem.
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Cardus, Beatrix, Richard Colling, Angela Hamblin, and Elizabeth Soilleux. "Comparison of methodologies for the detection of BRAF mutations in bone marrow trephine specimens." Journal of Clinical Pathology 72, no. 6 (March 14, 2019): 406–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jclinpath-2019-205734.
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AimsBRAF V600E detection assists in the diagnosis of hairy cell leukaemia (HCL); however, testing practices vary. We evaluated the clinical utility of 5 BRAF mutation testing strategies for use on bone marrow trephines (BMT).Methods11 HCL, 5 HCL ‘mimic’, 2 treated HCL and 10 normal BMT specimens were tested for mutant BRAF, comparing Sanger sequencing, pyrosequencing, amplicon-based next generation sequencing (NGS), automated (Idylla) PCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC).ResultsPCR and IHC were cheaper and identified V600E in 100 % of HCL cases. Pyrosequencing detected the mutation in 91%, NGS in 55% of cases and Sanger sequencing in 27%. All assays gave wild-type BRAF results in HCL mimics and normal BMT samples.ConclusionsPCR and IHC were most sensitive and cost-effective, but these have limited scope for multiplexing and are likely to be replaced by NGS gene panels or whole genome sequencing in the medium to long term.
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Ye, Ming, Yong Gang Liu, and Hong Shu. "Powertrain Control Logic Test for Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle." Applied Mechanics and Materials 86 (August 2011): 579–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.86.579.
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Mathematical representation of major parts of plug-in hybrid vehicle (PHEV) such as engine, motor, batteries, automatic clutch and vehicle body are made with analysis of configuration of PHEV. Specifications of data input and output and signal characters are defined. Hardware in the loop (HIL) system based on MATLAB/xPC for PHEV is built up. Take the case of motor/engine driving shift control logic test of PHEV is carried with inputting real acceleration pedal data. Testing results show that automatic clutch acts abnormally. Bugs in control logic are found out. Road test results with revised control logic are very good.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Automated HIL testing"
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Sumtsov, Artem. "Vývoj a testování SW pro modul monitorování stavu motoru." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232035.
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Diplomová práce popisuje vývojovou techniku Model Based Design a její použití pro návrh a testování algoritmů. Popis této techniky je proveden na příkladu praktického využití v praxi při vývoji modulu monitorování stavu motoru ve spolupráci se společností UNIS,a.s. Vývoj v oblasti současné letecké techniky klade velký důraz na monitorování životnosti zařízení. Podle výstupů algoritmu se dají naplánovat preventivní opravy s ohledem na aktuální podmínky opotřebení a provozování. Implementace algoritmů je provedena v prostředí Matlab/Simulink s následným testováním na platformě dSpace
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Ekström, Per, and Elisabeth Eriksson. "REDUNDANT FIRMWARE TEST SETUP IN SIMULATION AND HARDWARE: A FEASIBILITY STUDY." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-40057.
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A reliable embedded real-time system has many requirements to fulfil. It must meet target deadlines in a number of situations, most of them in a situation that puts heavy stress on the system. To meet these demands, numerous tests have been created which test the hardware for any possible errors the developers might think of, in order to maximise system reliability and stability. These tests will take a lot of time to execute, and as system complexity grows, more tests are introduced leading to even longer testing times. In this thesis, a method to reduce the testing time of the software and, to a lesser extent, the hardware is examined. By using the full system simulator Simics, an existing industry system from ABB was integrated and tests were performed. A proof of concept test suite for automatic redundancy tests was also implemented. By looking at the test results, it was concluded that the method shows promise. However, problems with the average latency and performance troubles with Simics shows that more work must be put into this research before the system can be run at full speed.
Book chapters on the topic "Automated HIL testing"
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Hedges III, Thomas R. "Retrogeniculate Visual Field Defects." In Visual Fields. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195389685.003.0015.
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Automated perimetry has changed visual field testing considerably in recent years. What was considered an art has become an exercise in interpreting a set of data points obtained mechanically. Automated perimetry saves ophthalmologists time, which ideally should allow for more visual fields to be obtained on patients with unexplained vision loss. However, one must still keep in mind that automated perimetry still depends on the subjective responses from the patient. More important, automated perimetry has made interpretation of visual field defects, especially those due to occipital lesions, more difficult. For example, macular sparing may not be reflected, especially with programs limited to the central 24° or 30°. A 10° field may be required to show macular sparing. Also, sparing or involvement of the temporal crescent will not be shown with 24° or 30° visual fields. The limitation of most programs may lead to the appearance of incongruity when in fact the field is indeed congruous. Sometimes, a small homonymous hemianopic scotoma will be detected when one eye is tested but will be completely missed when the other eye is tested, giving the false impression that the visual loss is monocular. This is especially problematic if the patient also falsely interprets his or her homonymous loss of vision as monocular. Such individuals may complain of loss of vision in one eye when in fact it is one half of their visual field that is defective. The strategy of automated testing on either side the vertical and horizontal meridians may lead to the false impression that field defects respect the vertical or horizontal meridian when they do not. Automated perimetry should make it possible to test more patients with unexplained vision loss, but all automated visual fields must be interpreted with caution and, when necessary, substantiated with some other method, such as the tangent screen, which remains the most powerful method of detecting the size, shape, and density of visual field defects. Because most ophthalmologists no longer use tangent screen testing, at least an Amlser grid should be used to qualify the nature of a paracentral visual field defect.
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Dobson, Jerome E. “Jerry.” "Geography's Second Twilight." In Environmental Information Systems, 149–68. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7033-2.ch008.
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Jerome E. Dobson, professor emeritus, University of Kansas; president of the American Geographical Society; and recipient of the 2014 James R. Anderson Medal of Honor in Applied Geography, discusses his career in the context of America's academic purge of geography. Highlights include his time as a Jefferson Science Fellow with the National Academies and U. S. Department of State. Dobson has been recognized with two lifetime achievement awards for his pioneering work in geographic information systems (GIS) and as Alumnus of 2013 at Reinhardt University. His contributions include the paradigm of automated geography, his instrumental role in originating the National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis, and his leadership of the LandScan Global Population Database, the de facto world standard for estimating populations at risk. His recent research includes testing a new system for mapping minefields; designing and promulgating the current world standard for cartographic representation of landmines, minefields, and mine actions; and leading six AGS Bowman Expeditions.
Conference papers on the topic "Automated HIL testing"
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Gravdal, Jan Einar, Dan Sui, Attila Nagy, Nejm Saadallah, and Robert Ewald. "A Hybrid Test Environment for Verification of Drilling Automation Systems." In SPE/IADC International Drilling Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/204064-ms.
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AbstractThe transition towards drilling automation put high demands on new software for controlling or assisting during drilling. Along with the software development, adequate infrastructures for testing and verification of this software need to be in place. In other industries, such as aviation, the development of advanced simulators goes hand in hand with the technological developments and ensures a fit for purpose test environment at all time.Since 2017, a high-fidelity online drilling simulator has been available to the public. The purpose has been to facilitate and accelerate the development and testing of real-time drilling automation systems.The simulator can be accessed through a web Application Programming Interface (API) and run from a web client, or in a Hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulator from a control system environment with programmable logic controllers (PLCs) from leading industry vendors. To facilitate testing and verification of systems also on real data, recent developments have enabled a user-friendly access to openly available drilling data through the web API. Automatic functions have been developed to create model configurations from recorded data sets. This setup enables benchmarking of simulation models against recorded data and allows efficient verification of drilling automation systems.The web enablement makes the infrastructure suitable for development projects and software verification from anywhere in the world without any installation needed. Better availability of realistic and scalable test environments for automated drilling systems is expected to speed up the qualification of new drilling technologies. This will in turn reduce costs and minimize the carbon footprint from drilling operations.This paper describes the hybrid test environment and key learnings from the developers and user's perspective.
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Abdallah, Ali, Brandon Heid, Hajra Khan, and Nigil Valikodath. "Automated Diabetes Testing Device for the One-Armed/Disabled Patient." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53821.
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We were approached by an amputee diabetic to build a device that could test blood sugar with the use of only one arm. Originally, this product was client based only. It was designed for an elderly diabetic amputee such that the device would allow him to single-handedly manage his blood glucose testing without any extra assistance from other persons. Although this was originally a client-specific device, it is expected to have a broader market based on the prevalence of arm amputations among the diabetic patient population. Statistics reveal that over 80,000 amputations are performed each year in the United States on people with diabetes. [1] The target audience is also intended for older individuals who suffer from having limited fine motor coordination due to conditions such as arthritis. Diabetic patients must test their glucose level several times a day, and therefore it is absolutely critical to have a glucose-testing device that allows a user to test his or her glucose-level with no trouble. This device would provide these diabetic patients with access to a more convenient and user-friendly system that would allow an individual to test his or her blood glucose level with ease.
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Ferreira, Matheus, Lincoln Costa, and Francisco Carlos Souza. "Search-based Test Data Generation for Mutation Testing: a tool for Python programs." In Escola Regional de Engenharia de Software. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/eres.2020.13722.
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Test data generation for mutation testing consists of identifying a set of inputs that maximizes the number of mutants killed. Mutation Testing is an excellent test criterion for detecting faults and measuring the effectiveness of test data sets. However, it is not widely used in practice due to the cost and complexity to perform some activities as generating test data. Although test suites can be produced and selected manually by a tester this practice is susceptible to errors and tools are needed to facilitate it. Several tools have been developed to automate mutation testing, but, only a few address the test data generation. The present paper proposes an automated test data generation tool based on weak mutation for Python programming language using the Hill Climbing algorithm. For evaluation, we performed an experiment concerning the effectiveness and cost computational of the tool in a database composed of 348 mutants and we compare it with random generation. Overall, the experiment achieved an average mutation score of 86% for our proposed tool and random testing 64% on average.
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Nguyen, Truong Sinh, Jian Song, Shengnan Fang, Haijun Song, Yuzhuo Tai, and Fei Li. "Design of a Real-Time Dynamic Test Bench for Testing and Developing a Novel Seamless Two-Speed Transmission for Electric Vehicles." In ASME 2017 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2017-67179.
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Experiment on a test bench is one of the key points during the research and development of a transmission. This paper designs a new real-time dynamic test bench based on MATLAB/Simulink® for testing and developing a novel seamless two-speed automatic mechanical transmission (AMT) for electric vehicles (EVs). Structure of the transmission allowing seamless shifting between two gears is also proposed. According to the transmission structure and the real-time testing requirements, hardware components and software system of the test bench are designed. A real-time executable and flexible model of the EV that is more suitable for hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation, is built to run on Simulink Real-Time platform. The EV model is combined with two induction motors adopting direct torque control (DTC) technique to emulate the dynamic driving conditions of the transmission on the test bench. Simulation and experimental results show that the test bench responds well to the real-time dynamic requirements and it is very useful for testing and developing the proposed transmission.
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Atchison, Bryan Wade. "Automated Well Control: From Automated Detection to Automated Shut-In." In SPE/IADC Middle East Drilling Technology Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/202091-ms.
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Abstract Objectives April 2010 in the Gulf of Mexico and January 2017 in Oklahoma brought into sharp focus what can happen if the oil and gas industry gets well control wrong: 16 fatalities, significant environmental damage, loss of assets and reputation. Each year we have multiple blowouts and several fatality events due to a loss of well control. The oil and gas industry can improve from a personnel safety, environmental and reputation perspective. The Automation of Well Control will bring a significant step change in the area of Process Safety forwells. It prevents blowouts, reduces all influx volumes, minimising kicktolerance volumes and reducingcasing and well costs. Method A system has been developedwhich enables Automated Well Control whilst in drilling mode. Pre-determined influx rates, agreed by the operator and drilling contractor, and input by the driller are established. Once the system detects the influx, it performs a series of operations by taking control of the drilling rig equipment. The drill string is spaced out, top drive and mud pumps are stopped, and the BOP is closed. All of this occurs without the driller doing anything; however, he can intervene at any moment. Thissystem is designed as an aid to the driller and does not remove his responsibility. Results The Automated Well Control system has been tested on drilling simulators with real drillers. Comparisons tests have shown that the technology enables shut-in times faster than conventional human interface methods, with influx volumes typically 10-20% of those experienced during manual shut-in. Additionally, a full Field Trial using a traditional rigdemonstrated the effectiveness of the system, proving up the functionality under different operational requirements. The system can now be applied to any type of rig worldwide. Over 50 potential modules have been identified. Planned developments forthe system include circulatingout the kick automatically, shut-in for tripping, circulating, cementing and in-flow testing. It provides assurance for afast, safe and effective shut-in.A full Technology Qualification process has been used for this technology. Innovative Technology Over the past 20 years, technology advancements associated with simulators and cyber-rigs have enabled new technologies to be developed. One of these technologies is Automated Well Control. It is believed that this innovative system will enable a step change in the performance ofprocess safety forwell control, dramaticallyreducing major accident hazards, thereby saving millions of dollars per well, reducing environmental impact and preventing loss of life.
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Jelfs, Timothy C., and W. Barry Burdett. "Hot Isostatic Pressing of Inconel 600 and 690 Powders for Pressure Retaining Components." In ASME 2011 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2011-57194.
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Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) has been used for many years to consolidate porosity in cast metal shapes to improve mechanical properties. When applied to fine metal powders, it is possible to produce Near Net Shape (NNS) items and more complex geometry components that are fully dense and offer an attractive set of properties at reduced cost. NNS items produced from HIPed powder deliver cost savings by reducing initial material usage and subsequent machining costs. Powder production and HIP processing are automated methods, which provide protection against forging route obsolescence. Setup costs are lower and batch sizes are smaller, which makes HIPping particularly well suited to small numbers of high integrity components. HIPed powder microstructures are isotropic and equiaxed, with uniformly fine grain sizes not normally achieved in heavy section components, which facilitates ultrasonic NDE examination. Improved features to facilitate NDE are readily incorporated into the HIP assembly. Inclusion contents are lower and of more benign geometry, easing fracture assessment. In a broad program of testing, Rolls-Royce has established (1) that HIPed powder 316L/304L components, in items up to several tons in weight, have equivalent or slightly better strength, toughness and corrosion resistance than the wrought equivalents. Rolls-Royce are extending their activities to HIPing of Inconel alloys. The first phase has been to HIP test samples of Inconel 600 and Inconel 690 alloys. Initial testing has produced promising results in line with expectations of wrought material. There has also been the opportunity to vary the HIPing cycle to assess the effect of processing parameters on the final product. An ability to HIP Inconel components is thought to be of benefit in new plant construction, where material is often not readily available in required thick section. The adaptability and good control of the HIP technique also shows promise as a manufacturing route for future high temperature materials which will be required in Generation 4 civil builds.
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Burdett, W. Barry. "Hot Isostatic Pressing of Type 316L/304K and Monel 400 Powders for Pressure Boundary Components." In ASME 2006 Pressure Vessels and Piping/ICPVT-11 Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2006-icpvt-11-93139.
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Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) has been used for many years to consolidate porosity in cast metal shapes to improve mechanical properties. When applied to fine metal powders, it becomes possible to produce Near Net Shape (NNS) items and more complex geometry components that are fully dense and offer an attractive set of properties and reduced cost. NNS items from powder deliver cost savings by reducing initial material usage and subsequent machining costs. Powder production and HIP processing are automated methods, which also provide protection against forging route obsolescence. Setup costs are lower and batch sizes smaller. HIPped powder microstructures are isotropic and equiaxed, with uniformly fine grain sizes not normally achieved in heavy section components, which facilitates ultrasonic NDE examination. Inclusion contents are lower and of more benign geometry, easing fracture assessment. Use of the technology has grown, particularly in the offshore oil industry where it is already established in high integrity applications, particularly in place of welded joints. Take-up in the more conservative nuclear industry has been slow. The quality of HIPped powder items can provide through life cost savings since there is greater assurance of structural integrity compared to welded or wrought components. In a broad programme of testing, it was established that HIPped powder 316L components, in items up to several tons in weight, have equivalent or slightly better strength, toughness and corrosion resistance. Work has now been extended to Monel 400 nickel-based alloys and Type 304L. The manufacturing technology has been tailored to produce pressure-retaining components in these alloys for prototype testing.
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Burdett, W. Barry, and Ian D. Hookham. "The Implementation of Hot Isostatically Pressed Powder Type 316L/304L Pressure Boundary Components in a PWR Plant." In ASME 2009 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2009-77199.
Full textAbstract:
Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) has been used since the 1980s to consolidate porosity in cast metal shapes and improve mechanical properties in conventional forgings and wrought components. The availability of high quality metal powders has made it possible to produce Near Net Shape (NNS) items and more complex geometry components that are fully dense and offer an attractive set of properties at reduced cost. Powder HIP manufacturing reduces initial material usage and subsequent machining costs. Metal powder production and HIP processing are automated methods, which also provide protection against forging route obsolescence. Setup costs are lower and batch sizes smaller. HIPped powder microstructures are isotropic and equiaxed, with fine grain sizes not normally achieved in heavy section components, which facilitates ultrasonic NDE examination. Inclusion contents are lower and of more benign geometry, easing fracture and safety case development. Although widely used in the off-shore oil industry in high integrity applications, particularly to reduce welded connections, in the nuclear industry interest has been limited. The quality of HIPped powder items can provide through life cost savings since there is greater assurance of structural integrity compared to welded or wrought components. In an extensive programme of testing, it was established that HIPped powder 316L and 304L components, in items up to several tons in weight, have equivalent or slightly better strength, toughness and corrosion resistance. HIPped powder items are now in service as pressure retaining components in PWR plant. Effort is now directed at widening the range of components for which the HIP process is appropriate focusing on reducing welds in the plant construction sequence. This is particularly relevant to pipework manufacture and assembly. The benefits of facilitating an ASME Code Case for Powder HIP are also being considered.
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Tamilselvan, Prasanna, and Pingfeng Wang. "A Hybrid Inference Approach for Health Diagnostics With Unexampled Faulty States." In ASME 2012 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2012-70806.
Full textAbstract:
System health diagnostics provides diversified benefits such as improved safety, improved reliability and reduced costs for the operation and maintenance of engineered systems. Successful health diagnostics requires the knowledge of system failures. However, with an increasing complexity it is extraordinarily difficult to have a well-tested system so that all potential faulty states can be realized and studied at product testing stage. Thus, real time health diagnostics requires automatic detection of unexampled faulty states through the sensory signals to avoid sudden catastrophic system failures. This paper presents a hybrid inference approach (HIA) for structural health diagnosis with unexampled faulty states, which employs a two-fold inference process comprising of preliminary statistical learning based anomaly detection and artificial intelligence based health state classification for real time condition monitoring. The HIA is able to identify and isolate the unexampled faulty states through interactively detecting the deviation of sensory data from the known health states and forming new health states autonomously. The proposed approach takes the advantages of both statistical approaches and artificial intelligence based techniques and integrates them together in a unified diagnosis framework. The performance of proposed HIA is demonstrated with a power transformer and roller bearing health diagnosis case studies, where Mahalanobis distance serves as a representative statistical inference approach.
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Burdett, W. Barry, and Chris T. Watson. "Hot Isostatic Pressing of Type 316L Powder for a Pressure Retaining Component." In ASME 2005 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2005-71711.
Full textAbstract:
Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) has been used for many years to consolidate porosity in cast metal shapes to improve mechanical properties. When applied to fine metal powders, it becomes possible to produce Near Net Shape (NNS) items and more complex geometry components that are fully dense and offer an attractive set of properties at reduced cost. NNS items produced from powder deliver cost savings by reducing initial material usage and subsequent machining costs. Powder production and HIP processing are automated methods, which also provide protection against forging route obsolescence. Setup costs are lower and batch sizes smaller. HIPped powder microstructures are isotropic and equi-axed, with uniformly fine grain sizes not normally achieved in heavy section components, which makes ultrasonic NDE examination much easier. Inclusion contents are lower and of more benign geometry, which assists fracture assessment. Use of the technology has grown, particularly in the offshore oil industry where it is already established in high integrity applications, particularly in place of welded joints. Take-up in the more conservative nuclear industry has been slow. The quality of HIPped powder items can provide through life cost savings since there is greater assurance of structural integrity compared to welded or wrought components. In a broad program of testing, Rolls-Royce has established that HIPped powder 316L components, in items up to several tons in weight, have equivalent or slightly better strength, toughness and corrosion resistance than the forged counterpart. The Safety Case for a thin-walled pressure retaining component has been accepted and implemented.