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Journal articles on the topic 'Automated HIL testing'
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Weiss, Kevin, Michel Rottleuthner, Thomas C. Schmidt, and Matthias Wählisch. "PHiLIP on the HiL: Automated Multi-Platform OS Testing With External Reference Devices." ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems 20, no. 5s (October 31, 2021): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3477040.
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Developing an operating systems (OSs) for low-end embedded devices requires continuous adaptation to new hardware architectures and components, while serviceability of features needs to be assured for each individual platform under tight resource constraints. It is challenging to design a versatile and accurate heterogeneous test environment that is agile enough to cover a continuous evolution of the code base and platforms. This mission is even more challenging when organized in an agile open-source community process with many contributors such as for the RIOT OS. Hardware in the Loop (HiL) testing and Continuous Integration (CI) are automatable approaches to verify functionality, prevent regressions, and improve the overall quality at development speed in large community projects. In this paper, we present PHiLIP (Primitive Hardware in the Loop Integration Product), an open-source external reference device together with tools that validate the system software while it controls hardware and interprets physical signals. Instead of focusing on a specific test setting, PHiLIP takes the approach of a tool-assisted agile HiL test process, designed for continuous evolution and deployment cycles. We explain its design, describe how it supports HiL tests, evaluate performance metrics, and report on practical experiences of employing PHiLIP in an automated CI test infrastructure. Our initial deployment comprises 22 unique platforms, each of which executes 98 peripheral tests every night. PHiLIP allows for easy extension of low-cost, adaptive testing infrastructures but serves testing techniques and tools to a much wider range of applications.
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Cadamuro, Janne, Michael Cornes, Ana-Maria Simundic, Barbara de la Salle, Gunn B. B. Kristensen, Joao Tiago Guimaraes, Kjell Grankvist, et al. "European survey on preanalytical sample handling – Part 2: Practices of European laboratories on monitoring and processing haemolytic, icteric and lipemic samples. On behalf of the European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (EF." Biochemia medica 29, no. 2 (April 14, 2019): 334–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.11613/bm.2019.020705.
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Introduction: No guideline currently exists on how to detect or document haemolysis, icterus or lipemia (HIL) in blood samples, nor on subsequent use of this information. The EFLM WG-PRE has performed a survey for assessing current practices of European laboratories in HIL monitoring. This second part of two coherent articles is focused on HIL. Materials and methods: An online survey, containing 39 questions on preanalytical issues, was disseminated among EFLM member countries. Seventeen questions exclusively focused on assessment, management and follow-up actions of HIL in routine blood samples. Results: Overall, 1405 valid responses from 37 countries were received. A total of 1160 (86%) of all responders stating to analyse blood samples - monitored HIL. HIL was mostly checked in clinical chemistry samples and less frequently in those received for coagulation, therapeutic drug monitoring and serology/infectious disease testing. HIL detection by automatic HIL indices or visual inspection, along with haemolysis cut-offs definition, varied widely among responders. A quarter of responders performing automated HIL checks used internal quality controls. In haemolytic/icteric/lipemic samples, most responders (70%) only rejected HIL-sensitive parameters, whilst about 20% released all test results with general comments. Other responders did not analysed but rejected the entire sample, while some released all tests, without comments. Overall, 26% responders who monitored HIL were using this information for monitoring phlebotomy or sample transport quality. Conclusion: Strategies for monitoring and treating haemolytic, icteric or lipemic samples are quite heterogeneous in Europe. The WG-PRE will use these insights for developing and providing recommendations aimed at harmonizing strategies across Europe.
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Ma, Jiaqi, Fang Zhou, Zhitong Huang, Christopher L. Melson, Rachel James, and Xiaoxiao Zhang. "Hardware-in-the-Loop Testing of Connected and Automated Vehicle Applications: A Use Case for Queue-Aware Signalized Intersection Approach and Departure." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2672, no. 22 (September 9, 2018): 36–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118793001.
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Most existing studies on connected and automated vehicle (CAV) applications apply simulation to evaluate system effectiveness. Model accuracy, limited data for calibration, and simulation assumptions limit the validity of evaluation results. One alternative approach is to use emerging hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) testing methods. HIL test environments enable physical test vehicles to interact with virtual vehicles from traffic simulation models, providing an evaluation environment that can replicate deployment conditions at early stages of CAV technology implementation without incurring excessive costs related to large field tests. In this study, a HIL testing system for vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) CAV applications is developed. The involved software and hardware includes a physical CAV controlled in real time, a traffic signal controller, communication devices, and a traffic simulator (VISSIM). Such HIL systems increase validity by considering the physical vehicle’s trajectories—which are constrained by real-world factors such as GPS accuracy, communication delay, and vehicle dynamics—in a simulated traffic environment. The developed HIL system is applied to test a representative early deployment CAV application: queue-aware signalized intersection approach and departure (Q-SIAD). The Q-SIAD algorithm generates recommended speed profiles based on the vehicle’s status, signal phase and timing (SPaT), downstream queue length, and system constraints and parameters (e.g., maximum acceleration and deceleration). The algorithm also considers the status of other vehicles in designing the speed profiles. The experiment successfully demonstrated this functionality with one test CAV driving through one intersection controlled by a fixed-timing traffic signal under various simulated traffic conditions.
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Mouzakitis, Alexandros, David Copp, Richard Parker, and Keith Burnham. "Hardware-in-the-Loop System for Testing Automotive Ecu Diagnostic Software." Measurement and Control 42, no. 8 (October 2009): 238–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002029400904200803.
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The purpose of this paper is to present an approach to testing ECU diagnostic software using hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) systems at Jaguar Land Rover (JLR). The increasing complexity of embedded software for automotive electronic control units (ECUs) requires a convenient and flexible environment for system testing. On-board diagnostic software represents a significant proportion of ECU software and consequently, the effort, in terms of time and manpower required to determine the validity of ECU software is becoming excessive. The process for validating on-board diagnostic software is traditionally achieved using tests carried out with actual vehicles. Some tests are difficult and expensive to perform in vehicles. Automated testing offers an approach that can improve the validation process whilst providing the potential for cost saves. Since JLR utilises ECUs from different suppliers, the development of a generic approach to automated testing is vital.
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Barus, Arlinta Christy, and Leo Siburian. "Studi Perbandingan Alat Pengujian Otomatis untuk Aplikasi Android." Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Ilmu Komputer 6, no. 6 (December 2, 2019): 645. http://dx.doi.org/10.25126/jtiik.201966953.
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<p class="IEEEAbtract">Pengujian adalah tahap yang penting dan harus dilalui dalam proses pengembangan perangkat lunak. Pengujian tersebut dilakukan untuk menghindari kesalahan yang mungkin terdapat pada perangkat lunak yang diuji. Ada banyak kasus uji (<em>test case</em>) yang harus dieksekusi dalam proses pengujian. Karena itu, pengujian yang dilakukan secara manual membutuhkan upaya yang besar. Oleh sebab itu pengujian otomatis (<em>automated testing</em>) menjadi hal yang penting untuk dipertimbangkan menggantikan pengujian manual. Pengujian otomatis adalah penggunaan kakas pengujian (<em>testing tools</em> atau <em>testing framework</em>) dalam melakukan pengujian suatu perangkat lunak yang secara signifikan mengurangi waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk melakukan pengujian. Ada banyak kakas yang dapat digunakan untuk melakukan pengujian otomatis, antara lain Selendroid, Calabash, dan UI Automator. Tulisan ini membahas tentang studi perbandingan kakas pengujian otomatis pada aplikasi<em> </em><em>mobile</em> berbasis android dengan menggunakan Selendroid, Calabash, dan UI Automator. Eksperimen dilakukan untuk mengetahui kelebihan dan kekurangan masing-masing tools. Dari hasil analisis dan eksperimen, penulis merekomendasikan UI Automator sebagai kakas terbaik dalam hal kemudahan penginstalasian dan menjalankan kasus uji dalam sebuah kegiatan pengujian aplikasi <em>mobile</em> berbasis android.</p><p class="IEEEAbtract"> </p><p class="IEEEAbtract"><em><strong>Abstract</strong></em></p><p class="Abstrak"><em>Testing is a must to do phase in software development process. It is perfomed to avoid any bugs that may exist in the </em><em>software. There are many test cases to be executed in the testing process</em><em> to make sure software is running according to its specification and without any bugs. Testing done manually take</em><em>s a long time and extra work. Therefore, automated testing is </em><em>important. Automated testing is the use of testing tools or testing framework in testing a software. Automated testing aims to test or significantly reduce the time required for testing. There are many tools that can be used to perform test automation</em><em> of android mobile application, including Selendroid, Calabash</em><em>, and UI Automator. </em><em>This paper discusses about comparative studies of automated testing tools on android applications using Selendroid, Calabash</em><em>, and UI Automator. </em><em>Some experiments are conducted to know the </em><em>strengths and </em><em>weakness of each tool</em><em>. Based on this study, we give recommendation to UI Automator as the handiest tool to use in term of installation and the execution of the test cases. </em></p><p class="IEEEAbtract"><em><strong><br /></strong></em></p>
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Rayment, M., E. Doku, A. Thornton, M. Pearn, M. Sudhanva, R. Jones, A. Nardone, et al. "Automatic oral fluid-based HIV testing in HIV screening programmes: automatic for the people." HIV Medicine 14 (August 28, 2013): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hiv.12063.
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Lian, Jing, Ya Fu Zhou, Teng Ma, and Xiao Yong Shen. "Development of Automotive Electronics HIL Simulation Experimental Platform." Applied Mechanics and Materials 44-47 (December 2010): 1893–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.44-47.1893.
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This paper presents a low-cost, simple and reliable solution for automotive electronics Hardware-In-Loop (HIL) simulation, taking Jetta AT1.6 car as object, designs and develops automotive electronics HIL simulation platform. Firstly, the overall structure of the platform is designed; secondly, system hardware platform is developed and built using Protel DXP; then, HIL simulation models of ABS (Anti-lock Braking System), engine and automatic transmission are built using Matlab/Simulink and develop automotive electronics HIL simulation platform; finally, carry on the experiment and the results show that the designed HIL simulation experimental platform is good. The platform has widespread applicability in the teaching experiments and the aspects of developing, debugging and testing of automotive electronics control systems.
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Feretzakis, Georgios, Aikaterini Sakagianni, Evangelos Loupelis, Dimitris Kalles, Nikoletta Skarmoutsou, Maria Martsoukou, Constantinos Christopoulos, et al. "Machine Learning for Antibiotic Resistance Prediction: A Prototype Using Off-the-Shelf Techniques and Entry-Level Data to Guide Empiric Antimicrobial Therapy." Healthcare Informatics Research 27, no. 3 (July 31, 2021): 214–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4258/hir.2021.27.3.214.
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Objectives: In the era of increasing antimicrobial resistance, the need for early identification and prompt treatment of multi-drug-resistant infections is crucial for achieving favorable outcomes in critically ill patients. As traditional microbiological susceptibility testing requires at least 24 hours, automated machine learning (AutoML) techniques could be used as clinical decision support tools to predict antimicrobial resistance and select appropriate empirical antibiotic treatment.Methods: An antimicrobial susceptibility dataset of 11,496 instances from 499 patients admitted to the internal medicine wards of a public hospital in Greece was processed by using Microsoft Azure AutoML to evaluate antibiotic susceptibility predictions using patients’ simple demographic characteristics, as well as previous antibiotic susceptibility testing, without any concomitant clinical data. Furthermore, the balanced dataset was also processed using the same procedure. The datasets contained the attributes of sex, age, sample type, Gram stain, 44 antimicrobial substances, and the antibiotic susceptibility results.Results: The stack ensemble technique achieved the best results in the original and balanced dataset with an area under the curve-weighted metric of 0.822 and 0.850, respectively.Conclusions: Implementation of AutoML for antimicrobial susceptibility data can provide clinicians useful information regarding possible antibiotic resistance and aid them in selecting appropriate empirical antibiotic therapy by taking into consideration the local antimicrobial resistance ecosystem.
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Cardus, Beatrix, Richard Colling, Angela Hamblin, and Elizabeth Soilleux. "Comparison of methodologies for the detection of BRAF mutations in bone marrow trephine specimens." Journal of Clinical Pathology 72, no. 6 (March 14, 2019): 406–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jclinpath-2019-205734.
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AimsBRAF V600E detection assists in the diagnosis of hairy cell leukaemia (HCL); however, testing practices vary. We evaluated the clinical utility of 5 BRAF mutation testing strategies for use on bone marrow trephines (BMT).Methods11 HCL, 5 HCL ‘mimic’, 2 treated HCL and 10 normal BMT specimens were tested for mutant BRAF, comparing Sanger sequencing, pyrosequencing, amplicon-based next generation sequencing (NGS), automated (Idylla) PCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC).ResultsPCR and IHC were cheaper and identified V600E in 100 % of HCL cases. Pyrosequencing detected the mutation in 91%, NGS in 55% of cases and Sanger sequencing in 27%. All assays gave wild-type BRAF results in HCL mimics and normal BMT samples.ConclusionsPCR and IHC were most sensitive and cost-effective, but these have limited scope for multiplexing and are likely to be replaced by NGS gene panels or whole genome sequencing in the medium to long term.
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Ye, Ming, Yong Gang Liu, and Hong Shu. "Powertrain Control Logic Test for Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle." Applied Mechanics and Materials 86 (August 2011): 579–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.86.579.
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Mathematical representation of major parts of plug-in hybrid vehicle (PHEV) such as engine, motor, batteries, automatic clutch and vehicle body are made with analysis of configuration of PHEV. Specifications of data input and output and signal characters are defined. Hardware in the loop (HIL) system based on MATLAB/xPC for PHEV is built up. Take the case of motor/engine driving shift control logic test of PHEV is carried with inputting real acceleration pedal data. Testing results show that automatic clutch acts abnormally. Bugs in control logic are found out. Road test results with revised control logic are very good.
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Steinman, Tom A. "Qualification of a Zymark® Multidose® Automated Dissolution Workstation for Dissolution Testing of Fexofenadine HCL Capsules." JALA: Journal of the Association for Laboratory Automation 5, no. 6 (December 2000): 81–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1535-5535-04-00105-4.
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Steinman, Tom A., and Ernest Parente. "Qualification of a Zymark® MultiDose® Automated Dissolution Workstation for Dissolution Testing of Fexofenadine HCl Capsules." Dissolution Technologies 8, no. 2 (2001): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.14227/dt080201p12.
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Lestari, Widhi, and Aris Susanto. "Analisis Performa Website ISI Surakarta dan Universitas Diponegoro Menggunakan Automated Software Testing GTmetrix." SIMKOM 2, no. 3 (December 29, 2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.51717/simkom.v2i3.22.
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Website merupakan salah satu media informasi dan komunikasi yang penting untuk menyebarkan informasi secara terbuka dan luas ke seluruh penjuru dunia. Dalam dunia pendidikan, website sangatlah penting sebagai salah satu fasilitas penunjang untuk kebutuhan informasi dan komunikasi. Maka dari itu performa website pada perguruan tinggi harus menjadi perhatian masing-masing perguruan tinggi dikarenakan salah satu peranan penting website dalam menunjang kegiatan di perguruan tinggi. Evaluasi kualitas website dilakukan untuk mengetahui kualitas website berdasarkan PageSpeed dan YSlow menggunakan automated software testing GTmetrix. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui dan menyajikan perbandingan performa website ISI Surakarta dan Universitas Diponegoro serta memberikan rekomendasi perbaikan bagi pihak pengelola website. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian website ISI Surakarta diperoleh rata-rata PageSpeed grade 54% atau di grade E. dan rata-rata YSlow grade 52% atau di grade E. Sedangkan hasil pengujian website Universitas Diponegoro tidak menampilkan hasil analisis atau tidak dapat dites, sehingga bisa dikatakan bahwa komponen yang ada di Undip terlindung dengan baik dan tidak sembarang hal termasuk tool tester website dapat menguji.
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Gao, Feng, Jianli Duan, Yingdong He, and Zilong Wang. "A Test Scenario Automatic Generation Strategy for Intelligent Driving Systems." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2019 (January 15, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3737486.
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In this paper, a methodology of automatic generation of test scenarios for intelligent driving systems is proposed, which is based on the combination of the test matrix (TM) and combinatorial testing (CT) methods together. With a hierarchical model of influence factors, an evaluation index for scenario complexity is designed. Then an improved CT algorithm is proposed to make a balance between test efficiency, condition coverage, and scenario complexity. This method can ensure the required combinational coverage and at the same time increase the overall complexity of generated scenarios, which is not considered by CT. Furthermore, the way to find the best compromise between efficiency and complexity and the bound of scenario number has been analyzed theoretically. To validate the effectiveness, it has been applied in the hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) test of a lane departure warning system (LDW). The results show that the proposed method can ensure required coverage with a significantly improved scenario complexity, and the generated test scenario can find system defects more efficiently.
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Kiełbik, Rafał, Kamil Rudnicki, Zbigniew Mudza, and Jarosław Jung. "Methodology of Firmware Development for ARUZ—An FPGA-Based HPC System." Electronics 9, no. 9 (September 10, 2020): 1482. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9091482.
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ARUZ is a large scale, massively parallel, FPGA-based reconfigurable computational system dedicated primarily to molecular analysis. This paper presents a methodology for ARUZ firmware development that simplifies the process, offers low-level optimization, and facilitates verification. According to this methodology, firstly an expanded, generic, all-in-one VHDL description of variable Processing Elements (PEs) is developed manually. GCC preprocessing is then used to extract only the desired target functionality. A dedicated software instantiates and connects PEs in form of a scalable network, divides it into subsets for chips and generates its HDL description. As a result, individual HDL-coded specification, optimized for certain analysis, is provided for the synthesis tool. Code reuse and automated generation of up to 81% of the code economizes the workload. Using well-optimized VHDL for core description rather than High Level Synthesis eliminates unnecessary overhead. The PE network can be scaled inversely proportional to PEs complexity, in order to efficiently utilize available resources. Moreover, downscaling the problem makes verification during HDL simulations and testing the prototype systems easier.
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Sengupta, Sharmila, Kalisvar Marimuthu, Andrew Stewardson, Stephan Harbarth, Amanda Durante, and Sanjeev Singh. "Challenges in Identification of Candida auris in Hospital Laboratories: Comparison Between HIC and LMIC." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 41, S1 (October 2020): s158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2020.681.
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Background:Candida auris is an emerging nosocomial fungal pathogen causing invasive illness and outbreaks worldwide. A major issue regarding C. auris is that it can be misidentified unless appropriate technology is used. We conducted a survey of available methods for identification of C. auris in 21 hospital laboratories in India regarding their protocols for prevention of C. auris infection. Methods: The survey was an adaptation of a similar survey conducted for the Connecticut Laboratory Response Network in 2017. We mailed the survey to 30 microbiologists and ID physicians, and 21 of them from 12 states responded. All respondents were from private acute-care and teaching hospitals. The responses were analyzed and compared to the Connecticut study. Results: Of 21 hospitals, 19 (90.5%) can identify C. auris in house. Also, 18 (85.7%) have identified C. auris in the past 18 months. Species level identification was done only for blood cultures in all hospitals. Only 5 (26%) laboratories speciated Candida spp isolated from other sites such as respiratory and urinary specimens. Automated systems were used like Vitek 2 in 16 (84.2%), Phoenix BD in 2(10.5%) and Microscan in 1(5.26%) laboratory. MALDI-TOF MS and PCR for identification were used in 2 laboratories. Antifungal susceptibility testing is done in-house in 19 (90.5%) laboratories. Only 10 (52.6%) responding hospitals from India had infection prevention protocols for C. auris, and 9 (47.4%) of them isolated patients. The major challenges for infection prevention with C. auris are absence of screening in high-risk patients (66.7%), misidentification by automated systems (84.2%), and inability to speciate from nonsterile sites underestimates the prevalence (100%). Conclusions: There is an urgent need to enhance the capacity of hospital laboratories to detect C. auris early, and to implement infection prevention measures. In both studies early detection is the key and as suggested by the US authors, challenges can be overcome through collaboration between hospitals and referral laboratories when resources are limited. This optimizes laboratory capacity and prevents global spread through colonized patients. The limitation of this study is that data from public hospitals are unknown and larger studies are needed.Funding: NoneDisclosures: None
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Wei Chun, Quek, Pang Wai Leong, Chan Kah Yoong, Lee It Ee, and Chung Gwo Chin. "HDL Modelling of Low-CostMemory Fault Detection Tester." Journal of Engineering Technology and Applied Physics 2, no. 2 (December 15, 2020): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.33093/jetap.2020.2.2.3.
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Memory modules are widely used in varies kind of electronics system design. The capacity of the memory modules has increased rapidly since the past few years in order to satisfy the high demand from the end-users. The memory modules’ manufacturers demand more units of automatic test equipment (ATE)to increase the production rate. However, the existing ATE used in the industry to carry out the memory testing is too costly(at least a million dollars per ATE tester). The low-cost memory testers are urgently needed to increase the production rate of the memory module. This has in spired us to design a low-cost memory tester. A low-cost memory fault detection tester with all the major fault detection algorithms that used in industry is modelled using Very High Speed Integrated Circuit Hardware Description Language (VHDL) in this paper to support the need of the low-cost ATE memory tester. The fault detection algorithms modelled are MATS+ (Modified Algorithm Test Sequence), MATS++, March C, March C-, March X ,March Y, zero-one and checkerboard scan tests. PERL program is used to analyse the simulation results and a log file will be generated at the end of the memory test. Extensive simulation and experimental test results show that the memory tester modelled covers all the memory test algorithms used in the industry. The low-cost memory fault detection tester designed provides the 100% fault detection coverage for all memory defects.
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Suyatmo, Suyatmo, Hadi Prayitno, Ulfa Hasnita, Iswandi Idris, and Rizaldy Khair. "RANCANG BANGUN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN AVIONIC - ADF (AUTOMATIC DIRECTION FINDING SYSTEM) BERBASIS MULTIMEDIA ANIMASI PADA ATKP MEDAN." JURNAL TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI 3, no. 2 (December 30, 2019): 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.36294/jurti.v3i2.1218.
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Abstract - The importance of learning media is utilized by ATKP Medan as an opportunity to continue to improve the quality of learning. However, the most common problem in avionic learning is the limited resources available. This is because to access Avionic learning, cadets can only access it from LAB CBT. This is because Avionic software is only installed inside the lab and cannot be learned from outside the lab. The purpose of this research is to improve the learning process of Avionic - Automatic Direction Finding System digitally which is packaged in multimedia animation to make it easier for cadets to learn the Avionic Automatic Direction Finding System without having access in the laboratory. The method used in this study is to use the MDLC Multimedia Development Life Cycle method, namely the Concept, Design, Material Collecting, Manufacturing, Testing, Distribution methods. The learning media produced from this study are by displaying 5 types of display pages, namely Introduction, ADF Components, Sense Antennas, Antenna Components, and Direction Finding System.Keywords - Learning Media, Avionic, ADF, ATKP Medan Abstract - Pentingnya media pembelajaran dimanfaatkan oleh ATKP Medan sebagai kesempatan untuk terus meningkatkan mutu pembelajaran. Namun, permasalahan yang paling sering terjadi dalam pembelajaran avionic adalah adanya keterbatasan resource yang ada. Hal ini dikarenakan untuk mengakses pembelajaran Avionic para taruna hanya bisa mengaksesnya dari LAB CBT. Hal ini disebabkan software Avionic hanya terpasang didalam lab dan tidak bisa dipelajari dari luar lab. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah meningkatkan proses pembelajaran Avionic - Automatic Direction Finding System secara digital yang dkemas dalam animasi multimedia untuk memudahkan para taruna untuk mempelajari Avionic Automatic Direction Finding System tanpa harus akses di laboratories. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan Dengan menggunakan metode Multimedia Development Life Cycle MDLC yaitu metode Konsep (Concept), Perancangan (Desain), Pengumpulan Bahan (Material Collecting), Pembuatan (Assembly), Pengujian (Testing), Distribusi (Distribution). Media pembelajaran yang dihasilkan dari penelitian ini adalah dengan menampilkan 5 jenis halaman tampilan yaitu Introduction, Komponen ADF, Sense Antenna, Komponen Antena dan Direction Finding System.Kata kunci - Media Pembelajaran, Avionic, ADF, ATKP Medan.
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Suri, Jasjit S., Sushant Agarwal, Rajesh Pathak, Vedmanvitha Ketireddy, Marta Columbu, Luca Saba, Suneet K. Gupta, et al. "COVLIAS 1.0: Lung Segmentation in COVID-19 Computed Tomography Scans Using Hybrid Deep Learning Artificial Intelligence Models." Diagnostics 11, no. 8 (August 4, 2021): 1405. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11081405.
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Background: COVID-19 lung segmentation using Computed Tomography (CT) scans is important for the diagnosis of lung severity. The process of automated lung segmentation is challenging due to (a) CT radiation dosage and (b) ground-glass opacities caused by COVID-19. The lung segmentation methodologies proposed in 2020 were semi- or automated but not reliable, accurate, and user-friendly. The proposed study presents a COVID Lung Image Analysis System (COVLIAS 1.0, AtheroPoint™, Roseville, CA, USA) consisting of hybrid deep learning (HDL) models for lung segmentation. Methodology: The COVLIAS 1.0 consists of three methods based on solo deep learning (SDL) or hybrid deep learning (HDL). SegNet is proposed in the SDL category while VGG-SegNet and ResNet-SegNet are designed under the HDL paradigm. The three proposed AI approaches were benchmarked against the National Institute of Health (NIH)-based conventional segmentation model using fuzzy-connectedness. A cross-validation protocol with a 40:60 ratio between training and testing was designed, with 10% validation data. The ground truth (GT) was manually traced by a radiologist trained personnel. For performance evaluation, nine different criteria were selected to perform the evaluation of SDL or HDL lung segmentation regions and lungs long axis against GT. Results: Using the database of 5000 chest CT images (from 72 patients), COVLIAS 1.0 yielded AUC of ~0.96, ~0.97, ~0.98, and ~0.96 (p-value < 0.001), respectively within 5% range of GT area, for SegNet, VGG-SegNet, ResNet-SegNet, and NIH. The mean Figure of Merit using four models (left and right lung) was above 94%. On benchmarking against the National Institute of Health (NIH) segmentation method, the proposed model demonstrated a 58% and 44% improvement in ResNet-SegNet, 52% and 36% improvement in VGG-SegNet for lung area, and lung long axis, respectively. The PE statistics performance was in the following order: ResNet-SegNet > VGG-SegNet > NIH > SegNet. The HDL runs in <1 s on test data per image. Conclusions: The COVLIAS 1.0 system can be applied in real-time for radiology-based clinical settings.
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Chu, Allen Wing-Ho, Cyril Chik-Yan Yip, Wan-Mui Chan, Anthony Chin-Ki Ng, Dream Lok-Sze Chan, Ryan Ho-Ping Siu, Cheuk Yiu Tenny Chung, et al. "Evaluation of an Automated High-Throughput Liquid-Based RNA Extraction Platform on Pooled Nasopharyngeal or Saliva Specimens for SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR." Viruses 13, no. 4 (April 2, 2021): 615. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13040615.
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SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR with pooled specimens has been implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic as a cost- and manpower-saving strategy for large-scale testing. However, there is a paucity of data on the efficiency of different nucleic acid extraction platforms on pooled specimens. This study compared a novel automated high-throughput liquid-based RNA extraction (LRE) platform (PHASIFY™) with a widely used magnetic bead-based total nucleic acid extraction (MBTE) platform (NucliSENS® easyMAG®). A total of 60 pools of nasopharyngeal swab and 60 pools of posterior oropharyngeal saliva specimens, each consisting of 1 SARS-CoV-2 positive and 9 SARS-CoV-2 negative specimens, were included for the comparison. Real-time RT-PCR targeting the SARS-CoV-2 RdRp/Hel gene was performed, and GAPDH RT-PCR was used to detect RT-PCR inhibitors. No significant differences were observed in the Ct values and overall RT-PCR positive rates between LRE and MBTE platforms (92.5% (111/120] vs. 90% (108/120]), but there was a slightly higher positive rate for LRE (88.3% (53/60]) than MBTE (81.7% (49/60]) among pooled saliva. The automated LRE method is comparable to a standard MBTE method for the detection of SAR-CoV-2 in pooled specimens, providing a suitable alternative automated extraction platform. Furthermore, LRE may be better suited for pooled saliva specimens due to more efficient removal of RT-PCR inhibitors.
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Vivekananda, Ashish Alape, and Eduard Enoiu. "Automated Test Case Generation for Digital System Designs: A Mapping Study on VHDL, Verilog, and SystemVerilog Description Languages." Designs 4, no. 3 (August 5, 2020): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/designs4030031.
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Researchers have proposed different methods for testing digital systems and circuits in the last couple of decades. The need for testing digital logic circuits has become more important than ever due to the growing complexity of such systems. During the design phase, testing is focusing on design defects, as well as manufacturing and wear out type of defects. Failures in digital systems could be caused, for example, by design errors, the use of inherently probabilistic devices, and manufacturing variability. As a way to test digital systems in a more efficient way, automated test generation has been proposed to automatically create tests that can quickly and accurately identify faulty components. Examples of such techniques are the sequential test generation, the scan path testing, and the random test generation techniques. With the research domain becoming more mature and growing, it is essential to systematically identify, analyze, and classify these contributions. We performed a systematic mapping study of automated test generation for digital circuits aimed at providing an overview of the application of these techniques. We focused on three of the most widely-used and well-supported hardware description languages (HDLs) for digital systems: Verilog, SystemVerilog, and VHDL. Our results suggest that the majority of the test generation methods for digital circuits are focused on the behavioral and register-transfer design levels. Fault-independent and fault-oriented test generation are the most frequently reported types of test generation methods, while HDL model simulation is the most common test generation technology used to search for test cases in these academic studies. While the results are suggesting a growing interest in this area, the majority of articles are published as conferences papers. Our results show that only 31% of the methods are implemented as software tools and only 63% of all contributions are actually generating executable test cases. This study makes three important contributions, (i) a state-of-the-art of test generation for digital system designs research is provided, (ii) the reported characteristics are identified in both the primary papers and experimental reports, (iii) gaps and opportunities for future test generation for digital system designs research are identified.
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Zeb, Kamran, Tiago Davi Curi Busarello, Saif Ul Islam, Waqar Uddin, Kummara Venkata Guru Raghavendra, Muhammad Adil Khan, and Hee-Je Kim. "Design of Super Twisting Sliding Mode Controller for a Three-Phase Grid-connected Photovoltaic System under Normal and Abnormal Conditions." Energies 13, no. 15 (July 22, 2020): 3773. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13153773.
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The novelty behind the research in this paper is to investigate the Super Twisting Sliding Mode Controller (ST-SMC) for efficiently injecting both active and reactive power under normal and abnormal operating conditions for a three-phase grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) system. The ST-SMC is aimed to inject sinusoidal current to the grid with low Total Harmonic Distortion (THD), to avoid chattering with easy real implementation, and to enhance the quality of disturbance rejection and sensitivity to parameter variation. The test under normal conditions includes initialization, steady state behavior, dynamic behavior, and interrupting the injection of acting and reactive power while the abnormal conditions consists of voltage sag, voltage swell, frequency variation, DC-link variation, and inclusion of 5th harmonics, etc. The phase lock loop used for synchronization is based on a synchronous reference frame that works well under distorted grids and nonideal. Automatic code is generated in PSIM 9.1 for hardware implementation in the DSP board TMS32F28335 from Texas Instruments while code composer studio 6.2.0 is used for debugging. The real time testing is executed using Typhoon Hardware in Loop (HIL) 402 device on the DSP board. The results authenticate the fastness, effectiveness, and robustness for both steady state and dynamic behavior under various scenarios of the designed controller.
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Dixit, Arati M., and Harpreet Singh. "A Soft Computing Approach to Crack Detection and Impact Source Identification with Field-Programmable Gate Array Implementation." Advances in Fuzzy Systems 2013 (2013): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/343174.
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The real-time nondestructive testing (NDT) for crack detection and impact source identification (CDISI) has attracted the researchers from diverse areas. This is apparent from the current work in the literature. CDISI has usually been performed by visual assessment of waveforms generated by a standard data acquisition system. In this paper we suggest an automation of CDISI for metal armor plates using a soft computing approach by developing a fuzzy inference system to effectively deal with this problem. It is also advantageous to develop a chip that can contribute towards real time CDISI. The objective of this paper is to report on efforts to develop an automated CDISI procedure and to formulate a technique such that the proposed method can be easily implemented on a chip. The CDISI fuzzy inference system is developed using MATLAB’s fuzzy logic toolbox. A VLSI circuit for CDISI is developed on basis of fuzzy logic model using Verilog, a hardware description language (HDL). The Xilinx ISE WebPACK9.1i is used for design, synthesis, implementation, and verification. The CDISI field-programmable gate array (FPGA) implementation is done using Xilinx’s Spartan 3 FPGA. SynaptiCAD’s Verilog Simulators—VeriLogger PRO and ModelSim—are used as the software simulation and debug environment.
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Abdullahi, M., L. S. Kuburi, P. T. Zubairu, U. Jabo, A. A. Yahaya, and Y. James. "Effect of Heat Treatment and Sulfuric Acid Anodization on Corrosion Resistance of Aluminum Alloy (AA7075)." Nigerian Journal of Technology 40, no. 1 (March 23, 2021): 56–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v40i1.9.
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This paper, studied the effect of heat treatment and anodization on corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy 7075 (AA7075), with a view to improving its corrosion resistance. Microstructure and micro hardness of the anodic film of the samples were studied with the aid of optical metallurgical microscope and automated micro hardness testing machine. Linear polarization methods were used to assess the corrosion behaviour of the alloy in 0.5M HCl. The microstructure of the annealed sample showed formation of dendrites while precipitation hardened samples in palm kernel oil and SAE 40 engine oil showed precipitates of MgZn2. The SEMS result showed pores and micro cracks on the surfaces of the anodized samples, with the as cast and anodized sample in sulfuric acid exhibiting most compact with few pores. The as cast and sulfuric acid anodized sample shows highest micro hardness value of 205.33 HV, while the least value of 150.67 HV was recorded in sample precipitation hardened in SAE 40 engine oil and anodized in sulfuric acid. Analysis of the potentiodynamic polarization data and curves showed a linear relationship (decrease in icorr, decreases the corrosion rate) between current density and the corrosion rate in all the samples. Higher polarization resistance of 15.093 Ω/cm2 was recorded by the as cast and Sulfuric acid (SA) anodized sample while the precipitation treated in SAE 40 engine oil plus SA anodized sample recorded lowest polarization resistance of 5.2311 Ω/cm2. Heat treatment alone improves corrosion resistance of AA 7075 in 0.5 M HCl solution but heat treatment plus SA anodization does not improve corrosion resistance in the same environment.
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Arsad, Sulastri. "Pemberdayaan Pembudidaya Kerapu Melalui Aplikasi Automatic Fish Feeder Untuk Efisiensi Pakan Di Tambak Budidaya Semi Intensif." ETHOS (Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian) 7, no. 1 (January 21, 2019): 108–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/ethos.v7i1.4216.
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Abstract. Empowerment program for grouper fish farmers in Labuhan Village, Labuhan Subdistrict, Lamongan Regency, aimed to share knowledge, increase partner understanding and skills on semi-intensive aquaculture ponds, monitor water quality parameters through water quality measurement training, and process grouper fish aquaculture using appropriate technology by introducing automatic feeder devices independently. This community service activity has been carried out in the Bhakti Usaha II Farmer Group in Labuhan Village, Lamongan Regency, targeting grouper fish farmer partner. This activity started from Mei to November 2018. The program consists of location survey, discussion and training about water quality measurement, as well as socialization and testing of automatic feeder machine, and monitoring and evaluation at the end. The discussion material presented includes criteria for grouper fish farming, feed management, and automatic feeder use. An auto feeder application in ponds is used for feeding efficiency and so that the feed given is absorbed by fish effectively. This is expected to reduce the cost of feed and farm power efficiency and increase production of cultivation crops and partner income. Overall, the empowerment program has reached 100% of activities, which the positive feedback from grouper fish partner is determined by questionnaire analysis. Abstrak. Pemberdayaan pada kelompok pembudidaya ikan kerapu di Desa Labuhan Kecamatan Labuhan Kabupaten Lamongan bertujuan untuk berbagi pengetahuan, peningkatan pemahaman dan keterampilan mitra dalam peningkatan teknologi semi intensif di tambak budidaya ikan kerapu, pemantauan kualitas air melalui pelatihan pengukuran kualitas air, dan proses budidaya ikan kerapu melalui pemanfaatan teknologi tepat guna dengan pengenalan alat automatic feeder secara mandiri. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dilaksanakan pada Kelompok Petani Tambak Bhakti Usaha II yang berada di Desa Labuhan Kabupaten Lamongan dengan menyasar 1 mitra yang merupakan pembudidaya ikan kerapu. Kegiatan DM ini dimulai pada Bulan Mei sampai November 2018. Kegiatan yang dilaksanakan yaitu survei lokasi budidaya, penyuluhan dan pelatihan pengukuran kualitas air, sosialisasi dan uji coba mesin automatic feeder, serta monitoring dan evaluasi kegiatan. Materi penyuluhan yang disampaikan meliputi kriteria budidaya ikan kerapu, manajemen pakan, dan penggunaan automatic feeder. Aplikasi autofeeder di tambak digunakan untuk efisiensi pemberian pakan dan agar pakan yang diberikan terserap oleh ikan secara efektif. Hal ini diharapkan dapat mengurangi cost pakan dan efisiensi tenaga tambak serta meningkatkan produksi hasil panen budidaya dan pendapatan mitra. Pelaksanaan kegiatan telah mencapai 100% dan memperoleh feed back positif dari masyarakat pembudidaya melalui kuesioner yang diberikan.
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Müller, Martha-Lena, Niroshan Nadarajah, Kapil Jhalani, Inseok Heo, William Wetton, Claudia Haferlach, Torsten Haferlach, and Wolfgang Kern. "Employment of Machine Learning Models Yields Highly Accurate Hematological Disease Prediction from Raw Flow Cytometry Matrix Data without the Need for Visualization or Human Intervention." Blood 136, Supplement 1 (November 5, 2020): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-140927.
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Background: Machine Learning (ML) offers automated data processing substituting various analysis steps. So far it has been applied to flow cytometry (FC) data only after visualization which may compromise data by reduction of data dimensionality. Automated analysis of FC raw matrix data has not yet been pursued. Aim: To establish as proof of concept an ML-based classifier processing FC matrix data to predict the correct lymphoma type without the need for visualization or human analysis and interpretation. Methods: A set of 6,393 uniformly analyzed samples (Navios cytometers, Kaluza software, Beckman Coulter, Miami, FL) was used for training (n=5,115) and testing (n=1,278) of different ML models. Entities were chronic lymphatic leukemia (CLL) 1103 (training) and 279 (testing), monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL, 831/203), CLL with increased prolymphocytes (CLL-PL, 649/161), lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (LPL, 560/159), hairy cell leukemia (HCL, 328/88), mantle cell lymphoma (MCL, 259/53), marginal zone lymphoma (MZL, 90/28), follicular lymphoma (FL, 84/16), no lymphoma (1211/291). Three tubes comprising 11 parameters per tube were applied. Besides scatter signals analyzed antigens included: CD3, CD4, CD5, CD8, CD10, CD11c, CD19, CD20, CD22, CD23, CD25, CD38, CD45, CD56, CD79b, CD103, FMC7, HLA-DR, IgM, Kappa, Lambda. Measurements generated LMD files with 50,000 rows of data for each of the 11 parameters. After removing the saturated values (≥ 1023) we produced binned histograms with 16 predefined frequency bins per parameter. Histograms were converted to cumulative distribution functions (CDF) for respective parameters and concatenated to produce a 16x11 matrix per each tube. Following the assumption of independence of parameters this simplification of concatenating CDFs represents the same information as if they were jointly distributed. The first matrix-based classifier was a decision tree model (DT), the second a deep learning model (DL) and the third was an XGBoost (XG) model, an implementation of gradient boosted decision trees ideal for structured tabular data (such as LMD files). The first set of analyses included only three classes which are readily separated by human operators: 1) CLL, 2) HCL, 3) no lymphoma. The second set included all nine entities but grouped into four classes: 1) CD5+ lymphoma (CLL, MBL, CLL-PL, MCL), 2) HCL, 3) other CD5- lymphoma (LPL, MZL, FL), 4) no lymphoma. The third set included each of the nine entities as its own class. Results: Analyzing the three classes from the first set (CLL, HCL, no lymphoma) the models achieved accuracies of 94% (DT), 95% (DL) and 96% (XG) when including all cases. By analysis of cases with prediction probabilities above 90%, DT now reached 97%, DL 97% and XG 98% accuracy, whilst losing 38%, 8% and 6% of samples, respectively. We further observed that accuracy was also dependent on the size of the pathologic clone, which is in line with the experiences from human experts with very small clones (≤ 0.1% of leukocytes) representing a major challenge regarding their correct classification. Focusing on cases with clones > 0.1% but considering all prediction probabilities accuracies were 96% (DT), 97% (DL) and 98% (XG), with loss of 5% of samples for each model. Considering cases only with prediction probabilities > 90% and clones > 0.1% accuracies were 97% (DT), 99% (DL) and 99% (XG) whilst losing 38%, 9% and 9% of samples, respectively. Further analyses were performed applying the best model based on results above, i.e. XG. Analyzing four classes in the second set of analyses (CD5+ lymphoma, HCL, other CD5- lymphoma, no lymphoma) and considering cases only with prediction probabilities > 95% and clones > 0.1% accuracy was 96% while losing 28% of samples. In the third set of analyses with each entity assigned its own class and again considering cases only with prediction probabilities > 95% and clones > 0.1% accuracy was 93% while losing 28% of samples. Conclusions: This first ML-based classifier using the XGboost model with transforming FC matrix data to concatenated distributions, is capable of correctly assigning the vast majority of lymphoma samples analyzing FC raw data without visualization or human interpretation. Cases that need further attention by human experts will be flagged but will not account for more than 30% of all cases. This data will be extended in a prospective blinded study (clinicaltrials.gov NCT4466059). Disclosures Heo: AWS: Current Employment. Wetton:AWS: Current Employment.
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Rosenman, Marc B., Kinga A. Szucs, S. Maria E. Finnell, Shahid Khokhar, James Egg, Larry Lemmon, David C. Shepherd, Jeff Friedlin, Xiaochun Li, and Abel N. Kho. "Nascent Regional System for Alerting Infection Preventionists about Patients with Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria: Implementation and Initial Results." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 35, S3 (October 2014): S40—S47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/677833.
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Objective.To build and to begin evaluating a regional automated system to notify infection preventionists (IPs) when a patient with a history of gram-negative rod multidrug-resistant organism (GNRMDRO) is admitted to an emergency department (ED) or inpatient setting.Design.Observational, retrospective study.Setting.Twenty-seven hospitals, mostly in the Indianapolis metropolitan area, in a health information exchange (HIE).Patients.During testing of the new system: 80,180 patients with microbiology cultures between October 1, 2013, and December 31, 2013; 573 had a GNRMDRO.Methods/Intervention.A Health Level Seven (HL7) data feed from the HIE was obtained, corrected, enhanced, and used for decision support (secure e-mail notification to the IPs). Retrospective analysis of patients with microbiology data (October 1, 2013, through December 31, 2013) and subsequent healthcare encounters (through February 6, 2014).Results.The 573 patients (median age, 66 years; 68% women) had extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (78%), carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (7%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9%), Acinetobacter baumannii (3%), or other GNR (3%). Body sources were urine (68%), sputum/trachea/bronchoalveolar lavage (13%), wound/skin (6%), blood (6%), or other/unidentified (7%). Between October 1, 2013, and February 6, 2014, 252 (44%) of 573 had an ED or inpatient encounter after the GNRMDRO culture, 47 (19% of 252) at an institution different from where the culture was drawn. During the first 7 weeks of actual alerts (January 29, 2014, through March 19, 2014), alerts were generated regarding 67 patients (19 of 67 admitted elsewhere from where the culture was drawn).Conclusions.It proved challenging but ultimately feasible to create a regional microbiology-based alert system. Even in a few months, we observed substantial crossover between institutions. This system, if it contributes to timely isolation, may help reduce the spread of GNRMDROs.
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Setyawan, Moh Arsyad Mubarak, Fajar Pradana, and Bayu Priyambadha. "Pengembangan sistem otomatisasi pembangkitan kasus uji dengan algoritma genetika dan test case generation method." teknologi 10, no. 1 (April 4, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.26594/teknologi.v10i1.1912.
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Pengujian perangkat lunak merupakan salah satu bagian penting dari pembuatan perangkat lunak. Pada pengujian perangkat lunak terdapat pengujian unit. Pengujian unit merupakan proses pengujian komponen yang berfokus untuk memverifikasi unit terkecil pada perancangan perangkat lunak. Pada tahap pengujian unit terdapat proses pembangkitan kasus uji. Selama ini, pembangkitan kasus uji dari suatu kode program dilakukan secara manual se-hingga membutuhkan waktu yang lama. Hal ini dikarenakan banyaknya kemungkinan jalur pada kode sumber yang akan diuji. Dalam penelitian ini dibangun suatu sistem otomatis untuk membangkitkan kasus uji. Alur kerja sistem dimulai dari analisa kode sumber dengan Spoon Library, selanjutnya dibentuk CFG (Control Flow Graph) dan DDG (Dynamic Directed Graph). Dari DDG tersebut akan dibangkitkan jalur layak yang terdapat pada DDG, dengan menggunakan algoritma genetika diharapkan dapat mengoptimalkan penentuan jalur independen. Dari masing-masing jalur independen akan dibangkitkan kasus ujinya dengan metode test case generation. Pengujian akurasi sistem pada sistem otomatisasi pembangkit kasus uji dengan jumlah populasi 5, 10 dan 15 serta jumlah maksimum generasi 50, 100, 200 dan 250 dihasilkan jumlah populasi paling optimal yaitu 10 dan maksimum generasi optimal yaitu 200 dengan akurasi 93,33%. Pada jumlah populasi dan maksimum generasi sesudahnya tidak terjadi peningkatan akurasi yang signifikan. Tiap peningkatan jumlah populasi dan maksimum generasi dapat meningkatkan akurasi sistem. Software testing is one of the most important part of making software. On the software testing there are unit testing. Unit Testing is a process for verifying component, focusing on the smallest unit of software design. In the unit testing phase contained test case generation process. During this time, the generation of test cases of a program code is done manually. In this study, constructed an automated system to generate test cases. The workflow system starts from the analysis of the source code with the library spoon and then create CFG (Control Flow Graph) and DDG (Dynamic Directed graph). From the DDG will be raised feasible path using a genetic algorithm. Furthermore, from fea-sible path sought independenth path which is a path base d on the level of uniqueness of the path to the other path. From each independenth path raised the test case with a test case generation method. Testing accuracy of the system on the automation system generating test cases with populations of 5,10 and 15 as well as the maximum number of generations 50, 100, 200 and 250 produced the most optimal population number is 15 and the most optimal maximum generation is 200 with accuracy 93.33%. Each increase in the number of population and maximum generation can improve the accuracy of the system. Level accuracy with population number over 10 and maximum generation over 200 has no increace accuracy significant.
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Tanaka, Ruriko, Junya Kuroda, Eishi Ashihara, Takayuki Ishikawa, Tomohiko Taki, Mitsuharu Hirai, Satoshi Majima, Masafumi Taniwaki, Taira Maekawa, and Shinya Kimura. "Detection of the V617F Mutation of JAK2 Using a Novel Fully Automated SNP Super-Rapid Detector." Blood 110, no. 11 (November 16, 2007): 4640. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.4640.4640.
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Abstract The JAK2 V617F substitution mutation (JAK2V617F) is one of the genetic hallmarks of chronic myeloproliferative diseases (CMPDs), such as polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET), or chronic idiopathic myelofibrosis (CIMF). Accurate and rapid detection of this mutation is essential for diagnosing and treating CMPDs today. We have developed a novel, rapid, sensitive and fully-automated single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) detection system, termed ARKRAY SNP Detection System (ASDS), and used it to detect JAK2V617F in patients with CMPDs. With ASDS, diagnosis requires only 100ml of whole blood (or DNA), and the system automatically performs DNA extraction and PCR. The detection of both wild type and mutant jak2 alleles from PCR amplicons was measured by the increase in fluorescence produced by the dissociation of a JAK2V617F-specific guanine-quenching probe, and was completed within 75 minutes. In dilution assays of HEL cells (a JAK2V617F-positive leukemia cell line) using MYL cells (a chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)-derived cell line with wild type JAK2), the system reliably quantified the mutation in a cell population containing as few as 1.0% mutant cells (Figure). We tested 44 samples from CMPDs patients using ASDS and direct sequencing (DS) (13 PV, 23 ET, 3 CIMF, 1 chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMMoL), 1 chronic neutrophilic leukemia (CNL), 3 unclassifiable CMPD (uCMPD)), which included samples from 3 post-allogenic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) patients with CIMF or uCMPD. Using ASDS, we detected JAK2V617F in 12/13 PV, 13/23 ET, 0/1 CIMF without BMT, 1/1 CMMoL, 0/1 CNL and 1/3 uCMPD. Overall, these results were comparable to previous results using relatively sensitive detection strategies, such as allele-specific PCR (AS-PCR). One of the 3 post-BMT CIMF samples was positive for JAK2V617F, which indicated that there were residual disease clones after BMT. ASDS detected JAK2V617F in one PV and eight ET patients, while DS failed to detect the mutation in these same samples, which clearly indicated that ASDS has a higher sensitivity than DS. JAK2V617F was absent in all samples from secondary erythrocytemia and healthy volunteers. Collectively, these results demonstrate that ASDS is a powerful and convenient tool for detecting JAK2V617F. With its associated high sensitivity, convenience and rapidity, this system will enable “Point-of-care” testing in clinical laboratories and “Patient-oriented” therapy for CMPDs. ASDS could also be applied to the detection of other point mutations relevant to cancer treatment, such as mutations in the BCR-ABL kinase domain that are associated with CML. Figure Figure
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Hosseini, Masoud, Jonathan Meade, Jamie Schnitzius, and Brian E. Dixon. "Consolidating CCDs from multiple data sources: a modular approach." Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association 23, no. 2 (July 13, 2015): 317–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocv084.
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Abstract Background Healthcare providers sometimes receive multiple continuity of care documents (CCDs) for a single patient encompassing the patient’s various encounters and medical history recorded in different information systems. It is cumbersome for providers to explore different pages of CCDs to find specific data which can be duplicated or even conflicted. This study describes initial steps toward a modular system that integrates and de-duplicates multiple CCDs into one consolidated document for viewing or processing patient-level data. Materials and Methods The authors developed a prototype system to consolidate and de-duplicate CCDs. The system is engineered to be scalable, extensible, and open source. Using a corpus of 150 de-identified CCDs synthetically generated from a single data source with a common vocabulary to represent 50 unique patients, the authors tested the system’s performance and output. Performance was measured based on document throughput and reduction in file size and volume of data. The authors further compared the output of the system with manual consolidation and de-duplication. Testing across multiple vendor systems or implementations was not performed. Results All of the input CCDs was successfully consolidated, and no data were lost. De-duplication significantly reduced the number of entries in different sections (49% in Problems, 60.6% in Medications, and 79% in Allergies) and reduced the size of the documents (57.5%) as well as the number of lines in each document (58%). The system executed at a rate of approximately 0.009–0.03 s per rule depending on the complexity of the rule. Discussion and Conclusion Given increasing adoption and use of health information exchange (HIE) to share data and information across the care continuum, duplication of information is inevitable. A novel system designed to support automated consolidation and de-duplication of information across clinical documents as they are exchanged shows promise. Future work is needed to expand the capabilities of the system and further test it using heterogeneous vocabularies across multiple HIE scenarios.
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Tristiyanto, Tristiyanto, Deviana Saputri, and Muhammad Iqbal. "IMPLEMENTASI METODE WEBQUAL DAN CUSTOMER SATISFACTION INDEX UNTUK MENGEVALUASI WEBSITE PERGURUAN TINGGI NEGERI DI BANDAR LAMPUNG." KLIK - KUMPULAN JURNAL ILMU KOMPUTER 7, no. 1 (March 2, 2020): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/klik.v7i1.303.
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<p>This study provides an overview of the quality of six state University website services in Bandar Lampung which refered to three dimensions, website usability, information quality, and interaction quality website. This study also used the Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) method to determine the level of user satisfaction. In addition, to improve the usability of a website, website performance testing was performed using automatic tools. The result of this research find that the quality of website services is influenced by the content on the website. The result of CSI analysis on the website of state Universities in Bandar Lampung are satisfied with the website service at each state University in Bandar Lampung. Based on the results of the usability evaluation using automatic tools on the website, it is known that the website of state Universities in Bandar Lampung is good enough as evidenced by the page load time value which was less the three seconds.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: Quality of Website Service, WebQual, CSI, Usability</p><p>Penelitian ini mengkaji kualitas layanan pada enam website universitas negeri di Bandar Lampung dengan menggunakan metode Webqual yang merujuk pada 3 hal yaitu – website usability, kualitas informasi dan kualitas interaksi website. Kepuasan pengguna diukur menggunakan metode Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI). Untuk meningkatkan website usability dilakukan website performance tes menggunakan alat otomatis. Hasil dari penelitian ini memperlihatkan kualitas layanan website dipengaruhi oleh konten website. Sedangkan hasil Analisa CSI pada website universitas negeri di Bandar Lampung adalah memuaskan untuk setiap website universitas tersebut. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi usability, website universitas negri di Bandar Lampung menunjukkan sudah cukup baik dengan waktu load halaman kurang dari tiga detik.</p><p><strong>Kata Kunci</strong>: Kualitas Layanan Website, WebQual, CSI, Usability</p><p><br /><br /></p>
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Magera, Mark J., Janice K. Helgeson, Dietrich Matern, and Piero Rinaldo. "Methylmalonic Acid Measured in Plasma and Urine by Stable-Isotope Dilution and Electrospray Tandem Mass Spectrometry." Clinical Chemistry 46, no. 11 (November 1, 2000): 1804–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/46.11.1804.
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Abstract Background: Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) with electrospray ionization is robust and allows accurate measurement of both low- and high-molecular weight components of complex mixtures. We developed a LC-MS/MS method for the analysis of methylmalonic acid (MMA), a biochemical marker for inherited disorders of propionate metabolism and acquired vitamin B12 deficiency. Methods: We added 1 nmol of the internal standard MMA-d3 to 500 μL of plasma or 100 μL of urine before solid-phase extraction. After elution with 18 mol/L formic acid, the eluate was evaporated, and butyl ester derivatives were prepared with 3 mol/L HCl in n-butanol at 65 °C for 15 min. For separation, we used a Supelcosil LC-18, 33 × 4.6 mm column with 60:40 (by volume) acetonitrile:aqueous formic acid (1 g/L) as mobile phase. The transitions m/z 231 to m/z 119 and m/z 234 to m/z 122 were used in the selected reaction monitoring mode for MMA and MMA-d3, respectively. The retention time of MMA was 2.2 min in a 3.0-min analysis, without interference of a physiologically more abundant isomer, succinic acid. Results: Daily calibrations between 0.25 and 8.33 nmol in 0.5 mL exhibited consistent linearity and reproducibility. At a plasma concentration of 0.12 μmol/L, the signal-to-noise ratio for MMA was 40:1. The regression equation for our previous gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method (y) and the LC-MS/MS method (x) was: y = 1.030x − 0.032 (Sy|x = 1.03 μmol/L; n = 106; r = 0.994). Inter- and intraassay CVs were 3.8–8.5% and 1.3–3.4%, respectively, at mean concentrations of 0.13, 0.25, 0.60, and 2.02 μmol/L. Mean recoveries of MMA added to plasma were 96.9% (0.25 μmol/L), 96.0% (0.60 μmol/L), and 94.8% (2.02 μmol/L). One MS/MS system used only overnight (7.5 h) replaced two GC-MS systems (30 instrument-hours/day) to run 100–150 samples per day, with reductions of total cost (supplies plus equipment), personnel, and instrument time of 59%, 14%, and 75%, respectively. Conclusions: This method is well suited for large-scale MMA testing (≥100 samples per day) where a shorter analytical time is highly desirable. Reagents are less expensive than the anion-exchange/cyclohexanol-HCl method, and sample preparation of batches up to 100 specimens is completed in less than 8 h and is automated.
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Wahjono, Heru Dwi. "Pengembangan Sistem Sampling Air untuk Mengatasi Gangguan Lumpur pada Sistem Online Monitoring Kualitas Air Sungai." Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan 20, no. 1 (January 31, 2019): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.29122/jtl.v20i1.3078.
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ABSTRACTHigh sedimentation and domestic waste that pollute rivers in Indonesia is one of the problems that arise in the application of online water quality monitoring in rivers. This problem can cause a rapid decline in the performance of sensor equipment that can be proven through sensor measurement results and it has shortened the treatment time. To deal with this problem, a water sampling technique is needed on rivers that contain a lot of mud. This study aims to ensure the performance of sensor devices to work optimally, to extend the maintenance time and calibration of the probe device on the sensor. This study developed a direct immersed method of river water sampling and automatic pumping methods by making direct system prototypes and testing of rivers. The results of the tests on the river indicate that the sampling system with the two methods developed can extend sensor maintenance time and produce better data. The sensor treatment period that was initially carried out 2 weeks after immersion, but can be longer between 4 to 6 weeks after immersion.Keywords: river sedimentation, domestic waste, calibration sensor, water sampling system, online monitoring ABSTRAKSedimentasi yang tinggi dan sampah domestik yang mencemari sungai-sungai di Indonesia merupakan salah satu masalah yang muncul pada penerapan pemantauan kualitas air online di sungai. Masalah ini dapat menyebabkan cepat menurunnya kinerja peralatan sensor yang dapat dibuktikan melalui hasil pengukuran sensor dan hal tersebut telah memperpendek waktu perawatannya. Untuk menangani masalah ini diperlukan teknik sampling air pada sungai yang banyak mengandung lumpur. Hal ini bertujuan untuk menjamin kinerja perangkat sensor agar dapat bekerja secara optimal. Selain itu agar dapat memperpanjang waktu perawatan serta kalibrasi perangkat probe pada sensor. Penelitian ini mengembangkan metode sampling air sungai secara langsung (direct immersed) dan metode pemompaan otomatis dengan pembuatan prototipe sistem dan pengujiannya sungai secara langsung. Hasil dari ujicoba di sungai menunjukkan bahwa sistem sampling dengan kedua metode yang dikembangkan dapat memperpanjang waktu perawatan sensor dan menghasilkan data yang lebih baik. Periode perawatan sensor yang semula dilakukan 2 minggu setelah pencelupan dapat menjadi lebih lama antara 4 sampai 6 minggu setelah pencelupan. Kata Kunci : sedimentasi sungai, sampah domestik, kalibrasi probe sensor, sistem sampling air, pemantauan online
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WAHYUDI, WAHYUDI, ABDUR RAHMAN, and MUHAMMAD NAWAWI. "Perbandingan Nilai Ukur Sensor Load Cell pada Alat Penyortir Buah Otomatis terhadap Timbangan Manual." ELKOMIKA: Jurnal Teknik Energi Elektrik, Teknik Telekomunikasi, & Teknik Elektronika 5, no. 2 (February 16, 2018): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.26760/elkomika.v5i2.207.
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ABSTRAKNilai ukur antara sensor load cell yang ada pada timbangan digital dan nilai ukur pada timbangan konvensional atau manual terkadang memiliki perbedaan yang sangat signifikan diantara keduanya, hal ini biasanya diakibatkan oleh beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi perbedaan nilai ukur tersebut, oleh karena itu pada penelitian kali ini, akan dilakukan suatu pengukuran dan pengujian berat suatu beban dengan objek yang ukur yaitu buah apel, tomat dan jeruk. Pengujian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui sistem mana yang lebih efisien dan akurat dalam melakukan suatu perhitungan berat suatu buah. Untuk tahap pertama, Proses pengukuran berat buah menggunakan sensor load cell dilakukan pada alat penyortir buah otomatis, kemudian untuk tahap kedua, pengukuran buah dilakukan dengan menggunakan timbangan jenis manual atau konvensioanal. Setelah didapat nilai perhitungan dari keduanya, selanjutnya akan dianalisa dan dibandingakan hasil ukur dari kedua sistem tersebut untuk mengetahui tingkat efisiensi dari keduanya.Kata Kunci : Perbandingan, Nilai Ukur, Load Cell, Timbangan Manual, keakuratan ABSTRACTThe measuring values between the load cell sensors present in the digital scales and the measured values on the conventional or manual scales sometimes have a very significant difference between them, this is usually due to several factors affecting the difference in measuring values, therefore in this study, Will be done a measurement and testing the weight of a load with the measuring object of apples, tomatoes and oranges. This test is conducted to determine which system is more efficient and accurate in performing a weight calculation of a fruit. For the first stage, the process of measuring the weight of fruit using the load cell sensor is done on the automatic fruit sorter, then for the second stage, the fruit measurement is done by using manual or conventional scales. Having obtained the value of the calculation of both, then will be analyzed and compared the results of measuring both systems to determine the level of efficiency of both.Keywords: Comparison, Measure Value, Load Cell, Manual Scales, Accuracy
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Florestiyanto, Mangaras Yanu, Dessyanto Boedi Prasetyo, and Moh Hafidz Randy Handigar. "PENGEMBANGAN ALAT PEMBERI MAKAN IKAN OTOMATIS MENGGUNAKAN ARDUINO." Telematika 16, no. 2 (October 31, 2019): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.31315/telematika.v16i2.3185.
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AbstractIn fish farming activities there are a number of important things that must be considered, namely feeding and controlling the quality of the water in the pond such as water temperature, pH level and water clarity, because these elements are important for fish growth and life. Adjusting the time to feed the fish is also very important so that the fish can stay alive, if it is too late to feed the fish the fish can be stressed and eventually starve to death. Fish owners who have a fairly busy level of activity, will feel a little difficulty when leaving the house in a long time, because meeting the needs of fish and continuous monitoring is very time consuming. Thus, an automatic fish feeding device was developed which can be adjusted when feeding and measuring the feeding. In this study, Arduino Uno and Arduino Mega 2560 are the "brains" that control inputs, processes and outputs. Servo motor as a cover drive where fish feed is released. Water temperature sensors, pH sensors and water clarity sensors or TDS to monitor the state of the water. The output generated from the auto fish feeder has issued the feed in accordance with the set hours when testing, only the size of the feed will affect the amount of feed that comes out, as well as testing the temperature sensor, pH, and water clarity working properly.Keywords : Arduino, microcontroller, fish feeder, sensorDalam Kegiatan budidaya ikan ada beberapa hal penting yang harus diperhatikan yaitu pemberian pakan dan pengontrolan terhadap kualitas air yang ada dikolam seperti suhu air, kadar pH dan kejernihan air, karena unsur-tersebut penting bagi pertumbuhan dan kehidupan ikan. Penyesuaian waktu memberi makan ikan juga sangat penting agar ikan dapat tetap hidup, jika terlambat dalam memberi makan ikan maka ikan bisa stress dan akhirnya mati kelaparan. Pemilik ikan yang memiliki tingkat kesibukan yang cukup padat, akan merasakan sedikit kesulitan ketika akan meninggalkan rumah dalam waktu yang cukup lama, karena pemenuhan kebutuhan ikan dan pemantauan terus menerus sangat memakan waktu. Dengan demikian maka dikembangkanlah sebuah alat pemberi makan ikan otomatis yang dapat diatur waktu pemberian pakannya dan takaran pemberian pakannya. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan Arduino Uno dan Arduino Mega 2560 sebagai “otak” yang mengendalikan input, proses dan output. Motor servo sebagai penggerak penutup tempat keluarnya pakan ikan. Sensor suhu air, sensor pH dan sensor kejernihan air atau TDS untuk memantau keadaan air. Output yang dihasilkan dari auto fish feeder sudah mengeluarkan pakan sesuai dengan pengaturan jam yang sudah diatur ketika pengujian, hanya ukuran pakan akan mempengaruhi jumlah takaran pakan yang keluar, serta pengujian sensor suhu, pH, dan kejernihan air bekerja dengan baik.Kata Kunci : Arduino, mikrokontroller, fish feeder, sensor
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Rabe, Sophie, Eva Schitter, Tobias Roider, Peter-Martin Bruch, Carolin Kolb, Marta Stolarczyk, Jennifer Hüllein, et al. "The Influence of the Bone Marrow Niche on Drug Response Phenotypes of Blood Cancers." Blood 132, Supplement 1 (November 29, 2018): 262. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-116053.
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Abstract Background: Signals provided by the microenvironment can modify and circumvent pathway activities that are therapeutically targeted by drugs. However, a systems-level understanding of how the microenvironment and the genetic and molecular alterations of the tumor interact with each other and contribute to drug resistance is lacking. Methods: To address this unmet need, we established an automated microscopy-based phenotyping platform that uses co-culture conditions mimicking the bone marrow environment. We cultured primary tumor cells from more than 100 leukemia patients (CLL, AML, MCL, T-PLL, HCL) with and without bone marrow stroma cell support in DMEM and 10% human serum and treated each condition with 57 drugs in 3 concentrations. After 72h of incubation, 22 000 images per patient were acquired and processed by our custom made image analysis pipeline. Our set-up allows us to increase sensitivity far beyond simple viability testing, as it reads out additional cell type specific features such as cell morphology, autophagy and cell-cell interactions. Results: Quality assessment revealed that in contrast to mono-culture conditions, assay plate edge effects can be avoided under stable stroma cell co-culture conditions. Correlation of replicated patient samples were comparable between mono- and co-cultures (R2>0.75). In the absence of their native microenvironment, primary leukemia cells undergo spontaneous apoptosis ex-vivo. Viability at culture start was always >90% and dropped to a median of 51% (viability range: 17%-90%) after 72h in mono-cultures. Among CLL samples spontaneous apoptosis was not dependent on either IGHV mutation status or any major cytogenetic risk group. Bone marrow stroma cell co-culture conditions protected tumor cells from spontaneous apoptosis (p=8.2e-6, paired t-test). Patient samples with a high degree of spontaneous apoptosis benefited most from co-culture conditions (p=7.2e-10, Pearson correlation). To model interactions of stroma cell conditions and drug-induced apoptosis we established the following linear model: Viability ~ drug-effect + culture-model + drug-effect:culture-model. While activity of some drugs was significantly altered under co-culture conditions, we could also identify drugs with similar activity in mono- and co-cultures. For instance, the activity of common chemotherapeutics (fludarabine: p=0.002 at 0.6µM, cytarabine: p=0.001 at 1.5µM, ANOVA) or bromodomain inhibitors (I-BET-762: p=5.9e-5 at 4.5µM, JQ1: p=1.5e-8 at 1.5µM, ANOVA) was significantly reduced under co-culture conditions. In contrast, PI3K inhibitors idelalisib and duvelisib had a similar activity in mono-culture and stroma co-culture conditions and might represent a starting point to overcome stroma cell mediated drug resistance. In CLL, we identified IGHV mutation status and trisomy 12 as important determinants of response to kinase inhibitors. We confirmed these findings in stroma cell co-cultures, e.g. a better activity of B-cell receptor inhibitors in trisomy 12 and IGHV unmutated CLL. A systematic comparison of ex-vivo drug response pattern in mono- and co-cultures across 171 drug conditions will be presented. Conclusion: Our results suggest that high throughput co-culture drug testing can be robustly performed and provide an unprecedented understanding of how the stroma cell microenvironment and the genetic make-up of tumor cells contribute to drug resistance and sensitivity. Figure: Over 2 million microscopy images were acquired and analysed to assess drug resistance and sensitivity in a co-culture model of primary leukemia and bone marrow stroma cells. blue= Hoechst33342, green=Calcein AM, red=lysosomal dye NIR Figure 1. Figure 1. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Himawan, Hidayatullah, and Mangaras Yanu F. "PENGEMBANGAN ALAT PEMBERI MAKAN IKAN OTOMATIS MENGGUNAKAN ARDUINO TERINTEGRASI BERBASIS IOT." Telematika 15, no. 2 (October 31, 2018): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.31315/telematika.v15i2.3122.
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Abstract Smart Feeding IoT based is an automatic fish feeding concept that allows for remote control in feeding and monitoring pond conditions such as water temperature, Ph levels, water clarity levels so that fish growth can be maximized by using arduino as a tool. IoT based Smart Feeding is a concept that combines architectural and mechanical electrical design in order to provide speed of movement / mobility and ease of control as well as access from any direction and time at any time in terms of automation in which all activities that occur in fish farming can ease the task of breeders fish cultivation. Information on fish ponds can be quickly detected thanks to the help of the Dallas DS18B20 sensor, pH Probe E201-BNC and TDS meter sensors which can find out the condition of pond water then the reading data is sent in real time and stored in a database. Internet of Things (IoT) Integrated Fish Farming Monitoring System to remotely control and monitor fish ponds using cloud computing is carried out with several design stages, the first stage which is an analysis of system problems to find out more about monitoring fish ponds. exist in fish cultivation activities. The output resulting from the fish feed testing is in accordance with the feed opening time set from the application as well as the calibration sensor testing of water temperature, pH and water clarity obtained the same results, only decimal fractions that distinguish. Keywords: Smart Feeding Internet of Things, Monitoring, Fish Feed AbstrakSmart Feeding berbasis IoT adalah sebuah konsep pakan ikan otomatis yang memungkinkan untuk mengontrol jarak jauh dalam pemberian pakan dan memantau/memonitoring kondisi kolam seperti suhu air, kadar Ph, kadar kejernihan air agar pertumbuhan ikan bisa maksimal dengan menggunakan arduino sebagai alat. Smart Feeding berbasis IoT merupakan sebuah konsep yang memadu padankan desain arsitektur dan mekanikal elektrikal agar dapat memberi kecepatan gerak/mobilitas serta kemudahan kontrol juga akses dari arah mana pun dan waktu kapanpun dalam hal otomatisasi di mana semua aktivitas yang terjadi pada pembudidayaan ikan dapat meringankan tugas peternak budidaya ikan. Informasi kolam ikan dapat dengan cepat diketahui berkat bantuan sensor Dallas DS18B20, pH Probe E201-BNC dan sensor TDS meter yang di mana dapat mengetahui kondisi air kolam kemudian data hasil pembacaan di kirimkan secara real time dan disimpan pada database. Sistem Monitoring Kolam Budidaya Ikan Terintegrasi Berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) untuk mengontrol jarak jauh dan memantau kolam ikan dengan menggunakan cloud computing dilakukan dengan beberapa tahap-tahap perancangan, tahap pertama yang merupakan analisis masalah sistem untuk mengetahui lebih dalam mengenai tentang monitoring kolam ikan yang ada pada aktivitas pembudidayaan ikan.Output yang dihasilkan dari pengujian pemberian pakan ikan sudah sesuai dengan waktu buka pakan yang diatur dari aplikasi serta pengujian sensor kalibrasi suhu air, ph dan kejernihan air didapatkan hasil yang sama, hanya pecahan decimal yang membedakan. Kata Kunci : Smart Feeding; Internet of Things, Monitoring, Pakan Ikan
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Gunawarman, Anak Agung Gede Raka. "KONSEP DESAIN MITIGASI BENCANA KEBAKARAN PADA BANGUNAN PURA BERATAP IJUK." Jurnal Arsitektur ZONASI 2, no. 1 (February 11, 2019): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/jaz.v2i1.15058.
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Abstract: The use of Palm-Fiber roof on sacred buildings in Balinese Temples still preserved well, however case of fire disasters becoming a threat in temple existence nowadays. Fire disasters could start with some sparks on roof section. Palm fiber and thatched roof are building materials that very vulnerable to fire disasters and when fire disaster happens because of this materials,it could easily spread out the fire on other building next to it. This article was an article created by purposed to give an idea or innovation in fire disasters mitigation especially in temples or “palinggih” with palm-fiber roof. Content explanation using concept design model and system scenarios related to extinguished fire with conventional fire extinguisher tool. Automatic fire extinguisher concept design which installed on roof section of building or “palinggih” with palm fiber roof only had two alternative models. First model for building with roof sized not more than 3x3m, and second model for roof sized more than 3x3m. The Consideration is head sprinkler that only could served on 3 m maximum radius. This article still a concept design and still need some testing on the field on next research. Keywords: mitigations, fire disasters, palm-fiber roof Abstrak: Penggunaan atap ijuk pada bangunan-bangunan suci di pura-pura di Bali masih tetap terjaga dengan baik. Namun, beberapa permasalahan yang terjadi belakangan ini adalah banyaknya kebakaran yang terjadi di pura-pura dan diawali dari percikan api pada bagian atap. Atap ijuk dan atap alang-alang adalah material yang sangat mudah terbakar dan mudah menjalar ke bangunan lain. Hal itu juga terjadi disaat terjadi kebakaran di atap ijuk bangunan pura yang memiliki lebih dari satu bangunan beratap ijuk dengan posisi yang berdekatan. Tulisan ini merupakan sebuah tulisan yang bertujuan untuk memberikan gagasan dan inovasi dalam mitigasi bencana kebakaran khususya di pura atau palinggih dengan atap ijuk. Penjelasan materi dengan menggunakan model desain konsep dan skenario sistem-sistem pemadam kebakaran dengan perlengkapan yang digunakan pada sistem pemadam pada umumnya. Konsep desain pemadam kebakaran otomatis yang dipasang pada bagian atap dari bangunan atau palinggih dengan atap ijuk untuk saat ini hanya mempunyai dua alternatif model. Model pertama diperuntukkan untuk bangunan dengan atap berukuran tidak lebih dari 3x3m, dan model kedua untuk atap yang berukuran lebih dari 3x3 m. Pertimbangannya adalah head sprinkler yang hanya mampu melayani radius maksimum 3 m.Tulisan ini masih berupa desain konsep dan masih perlu uji coba di tahap berikutnya.Kata Kunci: mitigasi, kebakaran, atap ijuk
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Nguyen, Truong Sinh, Jian Song, Liangyao Yu, Shengnan Fang, Yuzhuo Tai, and Zhenghong Lu. "Design and Development of a Real-Time Simulation and Testing Platform for a Novel Seamless Two-Speed Transmission for Electric Vehicles1." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 141, no. 2 (October 10, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4041358.
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An approach for building a real-time simulation and testing platform for a novel seamless two-speed automated manual transmission (AMT) for electric vehicles (EVs) is proposed and experimentally evaluated. First, the structure of the AMT and the dynamic model of an EV powertrain system equipped with the AMT are presented. Then, according to the testing requirements, a prototype of the AMT, hardware components and software system of the platform are designed. Unlike a real-time transmission test bench, of which the real-time simulation and control system (RSCS) is built based on a dedicated simulator, the RSCS of the platform is built based on a standard desktop personal computer (PC) by using a useful and low-cost solution from matlab/simulink®. Additionally, a simulation model of EV, which is equipped with the AMT and is more suitable for hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation, has been developed. In particular, for conducting various dynamic mechanical tests, the platform is combined with induction motors (IMs), which are adopted with direct torque control (DTC) technique to emulate the dynamic driving conditions of the transmission. The designed platform can be used for different test techniques, including rapid simulation, rapid control prototyping, HIL simulation as well as dynamic mechanical tests. The work expands the capability of the platform and makes the test conditions become closer to reality. Simulation and experimental results indicate that the platform responds well to the real-time dynamic requirements, and it is very useful for developing the proposed transmission.
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Kirchner, William, and Steve C. Southward. "An Anthropomimetic Approach to High Performance Traction Control." Paladyn, Journal of Behavioral Robotics 2, no. 1 (January 1, 2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s13230-011-0013-9.
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AbstractThe ability to learn and adapt to changing environmental conditions, as well as develop perceptive models based on stimulus-response data, provides expert human drivers with significant advantages. When it comes to bandwidth, accuracy, and repeatability, automatic control systems have clear advantages over humans; however, most high performance control systems lack many of the unique abilities of a human expert. This paper documents our first step toward the development of a novel automatic traction control algorithm using an anthropomimetic approach. The primary objective of this approach was to synthesize a high performance longitudinal traction control system by incorporating desirable human behavior distilled from human-in-the-loop (HIL) testing on a 6-DOF driving simulator. The proposed control algorithm was developed in a general framework, and applied to the specific task of longitudinal traction control. Simulation results confirm that the proposed anthropomimetic traction control algorithm provides improved performance relative to a well-tuned conventional PID-based traction control algorithm. Results are also compared with the HIL response data from a behavioral study.
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Avery, Daniel. "To Err is Human, all hail your Robot Overseer: automated testing as part of a robust data delivery platform." International Journal of Population Data Science 3, no. 4 (August 23, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.23889/ijpds.v3i4.645.
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IntroductionWe have a large cohort study of half a million people, which continually incorporates new data through health insurance, centre for disease control records, death certificates, resurveys, and ongoing quality assurance and participant information updates. To support our researchers we need data which is correct, up-to-date, and unchanging.
Objectives and ApproachWe must provide the new data, fixes and corrections to researchers, without missing anything or introducing issues. We make sequential iterations of our data available to researchers on a biannual basis; allowing a static version that can be referenced with regards to earlier work and providing the newest version of the data for new work. Due to the very large size of the data/code base and the small size of the team managing it, delivering this without error is a struggle. To mitigate this we developed testing scripts which catch issues and flag for resolution prior to release to researchers.
ResultsWe currently have 32 tests which catch all known issues which occur during a rebuild. On any occasion where a new type of issue is encountered, tests which would catch that issue and related issues are developed. As a result our last few releases have gone far more smoothly, with few if any issues reported after a release and certainly no previously encountered issues! Examples of current tests include: detection of a failed health insurance import; that we have the same number of participants; failure to increment version number between releases; checking that disease numbers have not changed dramatically over the shared timeframe.
Conclusion/ImplicationsProducing multiple static releases is a good way to balance the needs of a researcher for both static and current data, but it does introduce opportunities for both human and computer errors. Mitigating this risk with automated testing is convenient and effective.
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Hidayat, Akik, and Ahmad Rizki. "MONITOR JARINGAN KOMPUTER BERBASIS WEB MENGGUNAKAN CACTI." JUTEKIN (Jurnal Teknik Informatika) 8, no. 1 (July 31, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.51530/jutekin.v8i1.439.
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<p align="justify">Penggunaan jaringan komputer sudah menjadi salah satu kebutuhan masyarakat di era digital ini. Implementasi jaringan komputer sudah dilakukan di berbagai tempat. Mulai dari rumah pribadi, sekolah, kantor, dan tempat hunian seperti indekos. Di indekos sendiri banyak peraturan yang harus diikuti oleh penghuninya agar tidak mengganggu kenyamanan penghuni lain, terutama peraturan yang berhubungan dengan penggunaan jaringan komputer tersebut. Peraturan yang biasanya diberlakukan adalah batasan penggunaan jaringan komputer yang berlebihan seperti aktivitas <em>download</em>. Hal tersebut diterapkan di indekos Pondok Malaka Indah, Jatinangor. Oleh karena itu dibuatlah sebuah aplikasi monitoring jaringan komputer berbasis web yang menggunakan <em>Cacti</em> untuk menampilkan grafik yang akan di-<em>monitoring</em>. Aplikasi akan menampilkan grafik penggunaan <em>traffic</em> jaringan komputer indekos dan hanya bisa diakses oleh seorang administrator dalam hal ini pemilik indekos. Aplikasi ini diuji menggunakan <em>automated testing</em>, <em>usability testing</em>, dan <em>black-box testing</em>. Hasil <em>usability testing </em>dilakukan terhadap pemilik dan penghuni indekos dengan hasil 82,5% terhadap penghuni dalam hal kenyamanan dan kegunaan serta 71,25% terhadap pemilik indekos dalam hal kelakayan dan kemudahan penggunaan. Hasil pengujian tersebut menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi <em>monitoring</em> ini sudah layak untuk diimplementasikan di dalam jaringan komputer indekos.</p><p>Kata kunci – jaringan komputer; <em>monitoring</em>; aplikasi web, <em>Cacti</em> </p>
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Ramezani-Pour, Narjes, Sayyed Hamid Zarkesh Esfahani, Sarbendra Pradhananga, John D. C. Newell-Price, Richard John M. Ross, and Ian R. Wilkinson. "SAT-396 A Non-Surgical Animal Model of Hypoparathyroidism for Testing PTH Analogues." Journal of the Endocrine Society 4, Supplement_1 (April 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvaa046.505.
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Abstract BACKGROUND: In vivo animal models for testing the pharmacokinetics and bioactivity of PTH and its analogues require parathyroidectomy by surgery (1, 2). As the parathyroid glands of rodents are very small the surgery often includes thyroidectomy, making this animal model time-limited, single use, complex, and expensive. We have developed a non-surgical rodent model of hypoparathyroidism using the Type II calcimimetic compound, Cinacalcet-HCl, to suppress PTH and thereby serum calcium levels. Methods: Normal male Wistar rats were gavaged with 30 mg/kg Cinacalcet-HCl (or vehicle only). To test the effect of PTH 1–34, animals were dosed immediately after Cinacalcet-HCl gavage with either a single subcutaneous injection of PTH at 20 nmol/kg or given as same dose repeated every hour for 6 hrs or vehicle only. Serum samples were analysed for ionised calcium (iCa) using an EasyLyte, fully automated electrolyte analyser (Medica Corporation) and phosphate using a Phosphorus Detection Assay Kit (Pars Azmun, IRAN) and an Hitachi 917 Clinical Chemistry Analyser. Results: Rats gavaged with 30 mg/kg Cinacalcet-HCl produced a significant reduction in iCa levels between 2-24hrs returning to baseline at 48-72hrs post dose with the nadir at 8 hours (ANOVA P < 0.0001). This equated to a 25% reduction in iCa at 8 hrs: mean±SD, iCa 1.19 ± 0.09 mmol/L at predose and 0.891 ± 0.04 mmol/L at 8 hours (t-test P < 0.0001). For phosphate there was an initial lowering within the first 2 hrs in all test groups but then a rise such that phosphate was at higher levels than control from 8–24 hrs (ANOVA, ns), returning to baseline at 48 hrs. PTH at 20 nmol/kg given as a single sc dose abrogated the Cinacalcet-HCl induced fall in iCa for up to 2 hrs (AUC±SD (mmol/L).hr, 0.076 ±0.047 versus 0.168±0.0874, t-test P=0.0289). Conclusions: We have shown that the administration of Cinacalcet-HCl provides a robust and reproducible lowering of calcium which is line with current published data (3). These studies demonstrate that the use of Cinacalcet-HCl in normal rats produces a hypocalcemic state that can be abrogated by the addition of PTH. This non-surgical animal model of hypoparathyroidism will be of value in testing the pharmacodynamics of PTH analogues. References 1. Shimizu M, et al. J Bone Miner Res. 2016;31(7):1405–12. 2. Jung SY, et al. PLoS One. 2016;11(10):e0163911-e. 3. Nemeth EF, et al. 2004;308(2):627–35.
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Indah, Nur, Saeful Bahri, and Atthariq Atthariq. "Analisis Proses Kerja Konveyor Mesin Pemadatsampah Plastik Dengan Pemrograman Plc." Jurnal Infomedia 3, no. 2 (December 7, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.30811/jim.v3i2.712.
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Abstrak— Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat program kontrol pada mesin pemadat sampah plastik. Analisis yang dilakukan terhadap program ini menggunakan pengujian secara manual dan pengujian secara otomasi (program). Pembuatan program ini harus sesuai dengan konsep yang telah dibuat sebelumnya. Pembuatan program ini akan dimasukan kedalam PLC 30 I/O. Konsep yang telah dibuat mempunyai jumlah input 9 dan output 12. Selain deskripsi kerja dan input/output dari mesin pemadat sampah ini, ada beberapa hal penting dan khusus yang juga harus dipertimbangkan dalam pembuatan program kontrol ini. dari hasil pembuatan program dan analisis program yang telah dibuat maka di dapat pilihan waktu yang tepat untuk digunakan pada program..Kata kunci— Programmable Logic Controller, Mesin Pemadat Sampah Plastik, Kontrol otomasi. Abstract— This riset aims tocreate a control program on a plastic waste press machine. The analysis conducted on this program uses manual testing and automated testing (program).Making this program must be in accordance with the concept that has been made before. Making this program will be incorporated into 30 I / O PLC. The concept that has been created has a number of inputs 9 and output 12. In addition to the job description and input / output of this garbage compactor, there are some important and specific things that should also be considered in the creation of this control program. From the results of programming and program analysis that has been made then in can the right time choice to be used in program.Keywords— Programmable Logic Controller , Plastic waste press machine, Control Automation.
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Forcade, Nicolas A., Christopher R. Frei, Marie B. Walker, Kristin L. Bussey-Smith, Kelly Daniels, and Henry I. Bussey. "Abstract P98: Patient Impressions and Cost-Savings Associated With Home-Based International Normalized Ratio Monitoring in a Prospective Clinical Trial." Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes 4, suppl_1 (November 2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circoutcomes.4.suppl_1.ap98.
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OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate patient impressions and cost-savings associated with home INR monitoring as compared to usual INR monitoring at a medical clinic. METHODS: This was a “before and after” study that was conducted in a local clinical research center. Patients were enrolled from twelve sites with a variety of indications for chronic oral anticoagulation. Patients began a program of INR self-testing and automated online management provided by one of the investigators (HIB). Patients completed a survey that asked for demographics, monitoring preference, miles driven, and time spent for monitoring; the Duke Anticoagulation Satisfaction Scale (DASS) was completed at baseline and follow-up. Only patients with baseline and follow-up surveys were included in the analysis. Chi-square was used to compare nominal variables. Responses from a five-item likert scale for monitoring preference, income, and amount willing-to-pay were dichotomized. Time spent, miles driven for monitoring, and DASS scores were compared using Wilcoxon signed-rank. RESULTS: Of the 44 patients who completed both surveys, most were male (24/44), married (33/44), Caucasian (36/44), and had finished at least some college (40/44). Nearly half were retired (21/43) and had an annual household income of at least $50,000 (21/44). Patients spent more time for clinic versus home monitoring (median, interquartile range): clinic 108 (60-150) min versus home 10 (7-15) min, p<0.0001. Home monitoring reduced miles driven by a median of 20 (10-50) miles. Almost all patients agreed or strongly agreed with the statement that “home INR monitoring is preferable to clinic monitoring” (38/42). Most patients reported that they would pay for home monitoring to eliminate one clinic visit (28/37). Income greater than $50,000 was associated with an amount willing-to-pay greater than $25 (p=0.02). Overall satisfaction (p=0.007) and patient recommendation of anticoagulation management (p<0.0001) improved at follow-up compared to baseline. Perceptions of monitoring difficulty (p=0.04), complexity (p=0.03), and inconvenience (p=0.02) all decreased. CONCLUSION: Home INR monitoring is preferred by patients and saves time and money compared to clinic monitoring.
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"ERRATA." Clinical Chemistry 33, no. 7 (July 1, 1987): 1316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/33.7.1316.
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Abstract in the June Abstracts issue of Clinical Chemlstrytwo abstracts were mistakenly marked as withdrawn. The two abstracts that appear below were presented during the 1987 AACC National Meeting. 038 Clinical Evaluation of Quantitative Serum Bata-HCG Inoausays:Analysis of Discordant Beta-HCG Results, Norman J. kruse* Bonnie Johnson, and Ruth Lee** (Medlab, Portland, OR 97212) (Spon. N.J.kruse) Clinical evaluation of 4 commercial serum beta-HCG methods (Abbott, American Bioclinical, and Hybritech) were prformed using patient specimens predominantly for pregnancy determinations and related conditions. Discordant results were analysed at least twice in each method and additional serum specimens from the patient were obtainedand analysed in most cases of discordance. All methods were analysed for precision, sensitivity, cross-reactivity with homologous hormenes, and for effects of hemolysis and lipemia. Standardization and sensitivity differences between assays were determined. Reproducible, clinically significant discordant beta-HCG results were identified that were unrelated to standardization or sensitivity differences, LH cross-reactivity; or obvious serum matrix differences. These discordant results were stable, low-level (25-200 mIU/ml HCG)false positives with no evidence of pregnancy, trophoblastic disease or HCG-secreting malignancy (cf. R.0. Hussa, Obstet, S Gynecol, 65, 211, 1985). The rate of occurence of these patients was approximately 0.5% in our analysis of over 2000 patients with 2 competitive binding immunoassays using highly-specific polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies. Immunoassays using Immunoradiometric (IRMA) or ELISA "sandwich" assay technology showed lower false positive rates. One false-positive result in the ELISA assay (Abbott) was observed apparently due to rhematoid factor. No false-positive results were observed in the Hybritech IRMA using monoclonal antibodies. Stable low-levelfalse positive beta-HCG results can be a relatively rare, but significant problem in some beta-HCG methods. Our analysis of 2 methods using "sandwich" immunoassay technology (IRMA or ELISA) revealed that the occurence of these results can be greatly reduced or eliminated. *Present address: Triton Biosciences. Alameda, California **present address: Epitope, Beaverton, Oregon 97006 177 AFFINITYTM SYSTEM: TOTAL AUTOMATED DIAGNOSTIC TESTING WITH RANDOM ACCESS CAPABILITY, T.R. Witty, H.L. Larriva, M.E. Asti11 and G.H. Thorne, (becton Dickinson, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84116) (Spon: T.R. Witty) Becton Dickinson's AFFINITYTM system is a non-isotopic, automated. bench-top in vitro diagnostic instrument. The key element is the ready-to-use reagent package called an ImmUnitTM (patent 4608231) for immunoassays, identified by a unique barcode for each teat as well as a specific identifier for each unit. This ideatification is coupled with a scheduling algorithm which allows for any test with up to 3 incubations of varyine time to be run in any combination. A test is started by loading the tray with the desired test Unit(s) whereupon the instrument loads the Unit(s) onto the internal carousel for inventory and processing. The entire run is prioritized and scheduled including both STAT and routine samples. Up to 30 separate Units can be resident on the carousel. at any time with 16 more awaiting loading. Each time loading occurs, the run is updated and scheduled. By careful control of fluid handling and complete washing, each assay is independent of other assays. This eliminates load scheme restriction. The system can detect either fluorescence or color directly in the l2mm tube present in each test unit and internally correct for tube variation. This premise was tasted by running each of dieoxin, hTSH, TUptake and hCG in the presence and absence of 2 other tests then comparing the baseline with the random loaded run. The observed mean of 3 test pools when run in the presence of the other analytes was 99.7% +/- 4.1% of expected (N-12). The observed precision range on the baseline run was from 0.8-9.2% CV. mean=3.7% (N=12) while random was 1.5-9.1% CV, mean=4.5% (n=12). No significant differences were observed. The combination of the unitized package, barcode initiated scheduling algorithm and fluorescence/ooloriometrtc detection leads to a unique and flexible bench-top device compatible with a variety of diagnostic tests.