Relevant bibliographies by topics / Automatic ball balancer

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Automatic ball balancer'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2025
Last updated: 23 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Automatic ball balancer"

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Wang, Ming Cheng, and Chung Jen Lu. "Comparison of One-Unit Ball-Rod-Spring Balancer with Traditional Ball-Type Automatic Balancer." Applied Mechanics and Materials 229-231 (November 2012): 395–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.229-231.395.

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Ball-type automatic balancers have been applied successfully to suppress unbalance vibrations of a rotor. A traditional ball-type automatic balancer consists of several balls moving along a fixed circular orbit. A new type of balancer, the ball-rod-spring balancer, in which the ball may move in the radial direction as well as in circumferential direction, has been proposed. This study aims to compare the performance of the new type of balancer with the traditional ball-type auto-balancer.
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VAN DE WOUW, N., M. N. VAN DEN HEUVEL, H. NIJMEIJER, and J. A. VAN ROOIJ. "PERFORMANCE OF AN AUTOMATIC BALL BALANCER WITH DRY FRICTION." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 15, no. 01 (2005): 65–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127405012016.

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In many industrial applications imbalance is a major cause for unwanted vibrations. One way to compensate for an unknown imbalance is the implementation of an automatic ball balancer. Oil-lubricated automatic ball balancers are applied in hand-held tools and washers. However, in applications such as optical drives fluid lubrication is highly undesirable since it may destroy the optical system upon leakage. Therefore, in this paper, the balancing performance of an automatic ball balancer without fluid lubrication is investigated. The absence of fluid lubrication gives rise to dry friction phenomena which cause the existence of equilibrium sets of the balls in the automatic ball balancer. A model of the system with dry friction, modeled by a set-valued force law, is built based on dedicated experiments. The resulting equilibrium sets and their dependency on system parameters are studied and the consequences for the balancing performance is assessed. Based on these results, it can be concluded that in parts of such equilibrium sets the balancing performance deteriorates when compared to the system without automatic ball balancer; in other words, the balancing performance is endangered by the presence of dry friction. This conclusion is supported by both numerical and experimental results.
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Kim, W., and J. Chung. "Performance of automatic ball balancers on optical disc drives." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 216, no. 11 (2002): 1071–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095440602761609443.

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The balancing performance of an automatic ball balancer fitted on the spindle motor of optical disc drives, for instance CD-ROM or DVD drives, is analysed. It is well known that the operating speed of an optical disc drive with an automatic ball balancer should be higher than the translational natural frequency of the system to be balanced. However, the influence of the rotational natural frequency on the performance of automatic ball balancers has not yet been investigated. In this study, considering not only the translational but also the rotational motion of the system, the non-linear equations of motion are derived using Lagrange's equation. Applying a perturbation method to the non-linear equations, the linearized equations. Applying a perturbation method to the non-linear equations, the linearized equations in the neighbourhood of a balanced equilibrium position are obtained. These equations have time-dependent periodic coefficients, which require application of the Floquet theory for stability analysis. From the stability analysis the effects of the stiffness and damping of rubber suspensions on the automatic ball balancer's performance are evaluated for the variation of operating speed. To verify the results, time responses are also computed from the non-linear equations. It is finally found that the natural frequency of not only the translational but also the rotational motion has an influence on the balancing performance of automatic ball balancers.
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Zhang, Xiao Long, Ya Bin Dong, Yu Min He, and Mei Juan Tong. "Forced Vibration of Rotor Suppressed by a Automatic Ball Balancer (Nonlinear Principal Resonances)." Advanced Materials Research 655-657 (January 2013): 551–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.655-657.551.

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The automatic ball balancer is equipment used to balance the rotor system online and control its forced vibration. Although the rotor system is a nonlinear system actually, especially the occurrence of the nonlinear elastic restoring force in the support of rolling elements bearings, many researches still focus on the linear rotor systems at present. The Jeffcott rotor acted by unsymmetrical nonlinear restoring force is studied in this paper. Through the resolving theoretically and simulating numerically, the principal resonance respond of the rotor system controlled by the balancer with two balls and its stability are studied, while the vibration characteristics and movement laws of the rotor and balls in every rotary speed region are analyzed. The results showed that the balancer can suppress the principal vibration of the nonlinear rotor system in high speed region very well.
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Wang, Ming-Cheng, and Chih-Ling Huang. "3D Dynamics Deduction and the Spatial Geometric Characteristics of Ball Balance Positioning in Automatic Ball Balancers." Applied Sciences 14, no. 1 (2023): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14010143.

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In order to explore the geometric characteristics of the dynamic balance positions of balls in any orbit in space, this paper first deduces the dynamic equilibrium equations of an eccentric rotor system with the automatic ball balancer (ABB) skew, mounted with a deflection angle from the perspective of three-dimensional (3D) dynamics. The results obtained are consistent with those derived from the Euler–Lagrange equations. It is exciting that the spatial dynamics method reveals the spatial-geometric characteristics of dynamic balance positioning of the balls when the system is balanced with vibration suppression. Then, through spatial geometric inference, it is proved that the balance positioning of any ball in an arbitrary curved track is characterized. This characteristic indicates that the perpendicular line from any balance position to the rotating spindle of the system must pass through the central axis of curvature of the track at that position. Finally, spatial graphics and numerical analysis are used to verify the theoretical correctness. The characteristics are general rules that can explain the phenomena of the stable equilibrium positions of the balls in previous studies under ideal assumptions.
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Wang, Ming-Cheng, and Chung-Jen Lu. "Dynamic Characteristics of a One-Unit Ball-Rod-Spring Balancer." Journal of Vibration and Acoustics 129, no. 4 (2007): 520–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2748462.

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The traditional ball-type automatic balancer consisting of several balls moving on a circular orbit is widely used in the optical disk drive industry for vibration reduction. Under proper working conditions, the balls can counterbalance the imbalance of a disk by positioning to appropriate angles relative to the mass center of the disk. This particular equilibrium position is referred to as the perfect balancing position. The proper working conditions are closely related to the stability of the perfect balancing position, which, in turn, depends on the parameters of the system, such as rotational speed, imbalance ratio, and damping ratios. To achieve perfect balancing, the system parameters must lie in the stable region of the perfect balancing position in the parameter space. An automatic balancer with a wider stable region can tolerate a larger amount of variations in the system parameters and hence is more robust. In this study, we propose a modified ball-type balancer composed of several ball-rod-spring units. In each unit, the ball can slide along the rod while the rod rotates freely about the spindle. The ball’s displacement along the rod is restrained by a radial spring. The additional degree of freedom in the radial direction could broaden the stable region of the perfect balancing position. To understand the fundamental properties of the modified balancer, we studied the dynamic characteristics of a modified balancer with one ball-rod-spring unit. Specifically, we built a theoretical model for an optical disk drive packed with the modified balancer, and investigated how equilibrium positions and the associated stability are related to primary system parameters and the effects of the stiffness of the radial spring on the stable region of the perfect balancing position. Numerical results indicate that the ball-rod-spring balancer may possess a larger stable region of the perfect balancing position compared to the traditional fixed-orbit balancer.
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Sohn, Jin-Seung, Jin Woo Lee, Eun-Hyoung Cho, No-Cheol Park, and Young-Pil Park. "Dynamic Analysis of a Pendulum Dynamic Automatic Balancer." Shock and Vibration 14, no. 2 (2007): 151–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2007/452357.

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The automatic dynamic balancer is a device to reduce the vibration from unbalanced mass of rotors. Instead of considering prevailing ball automatic dynamic balancer, pendulum automatic dynamic balancer is analyzed. For the analysis of dynamic stability and behavior, the nonlinear equations of motion for a system are derived with respect to polar coordinates by the Lagrange's equations. The perturbation method is applied to investigate the dynamic behavior of the system around the equilibrium position. Based on the linearized equations, the dynamic stability of the system around the equilibrium positions is investigated by the eigenvalue analysis.The stability analysis provides the design requirements for the pendulum automatic dynamic balancer to achieve a balancing of the system. The efficiency of ball automatic dynamic balancer, for reducing the total vibration of the system, is better than one of pendulum automatic balancer, if the rotating speed is above critical speed. However, pendulum automatic dynamic balancer can achieve balancing even if the rotating speed is below critical speed.The time response analysis demonstrates the stability analysis from computing the radial displacement of the rotating system and the positions of pendulums. Furthermore, in order to confirm the theoretical analysis, various experiments are made on pendulum automatic dynamic balancer.
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ISHIDA, Yukio, Jun LIU, Xiaolong ZHANG, and Tomonori MATSUURA. "648 Automatic Ball Balancer With Partition Walls." Proceedings of the Dynamics & Design Conference 2008 (2008): _648–1_—_648–6_. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmedmc.2008._648-1_.

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Lu, Chung-Jen. "Stability Analysis of a Single-Ball Automatic Balancer." Journal of Vibration and Acoustics 128, no. 1 (2005): 122–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2149398.

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Under proper working conditions, a ball-type automatic balancer can effectively reduce the imbalance vibrations of an optical disk drive. The proper working conditions can be determined by a stability analysis of the equilibrium states of the nonlinear system formed by the rotating disk, balancer, and suspension system. Several attempts have been made to study the stability of the equilibrium states numerically in some finite regions of the relevant parameter space. This paper in contrast analytically investigates the stability characteristics of the equilibrium states. A theoretical model of an optical disk drive packed with an automatic balancer is constructed first. The governing equations of the theoretical model are derived using Lagrange’s equations and closed-form formulas for the equilibrium positions are presented. Finally, general guidelines on the stability of the equilibrium states are proposed.
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Chan, T. C., C. K. Sung, and Paul C. P. Chao. "Non-linear suspension of an automatic ball balancer." International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics 46, no. 2 (2011): 415–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnonlinmec.2010.11.001.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Automatic ball balancer"

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Spannan, Lars [Verfasser], and Elmar [Gutachter] Woschke. "On the dynamic modelling of automatic ball balancers applied to laboratory centrifuges / Lars Spannan ; Gutachter: Elmar Woschke." Magdeburg : Universitätsbibliothek Otto-von-Guericke-Universität, 2021. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:ma9:1-1981185920-387932.

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Tseng, An-Xiang, and 曾恩祥. "The Dynamic Characteristics of Two-Ball Automatic Balancer." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/96016607122485166908.

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碩士<br>國立臺灣大學<br>機械工程學研究所<br>92<br>This thesis investigates the dynamic characteristics of two-ball automatic balancers. A theoretic model of a CD-R drive packed with an automatic balancer was constructed first. The governing equations of the theoretic model were derived by employing Lagrange’s equations. Then we determined the equilibrium position when the imbalance of the balls is lager than, equal to, and small than that of the optical disk. The influence of system parameters on the stability of the equilibrium positions are studied in detail. These results can be used as guide-lines for designing ball-type automatic balancers. Finally, an experimental apparatus was constructed to measure the vibration-reduction effect of the automatic balancer. The experimental results agree with the theoretical results qualitatively.
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Chih-Chiang, Chen, and 陳志強. "The Dynamic Characteristics of One-Ball Automatic Balancer." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/59505336724503927552.

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碩士<br>國立臺灣大學<br>機械工程學研究所<br>91<br>The usage of ball-type automatic balancer can effectively reduce the vibration due to the imbalance of the CD-R drive. It not only ensures the safety of the operation but also elongates the life cycle of CD-R drive. In this thesis, the dynamic characteristics of the one-ball automatic balancer are studied. The governing equations of the CD-R drive packed with an automatic balancer are derived by employing Lagrange’s Equations. The influence of system parameters on the stability of the equilibrium positions is discussed. Also the transient behavior of the system is simulated. A new design of automatic balancer is proposed to improve the transient performance of the CD-R drive. Finally, the method of Mutilple Scales is employed to study the behavior of the system when there is no fixed equilibrium position.
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Kang, Chan-Jung, and 康展榮. "Analysis and Design of an Automatic Ball Balancer." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10672081691381621667.

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碩士<br>國立清華大學<br>動力機械工程學系<br>88<br>In many kinds of the automatic balancers, the ball balancer has the advantages of simple in construction, easily to assemble and high capacity to compensate automatically for the unbalance of a rotor above the critical speed. However, experimental results show that the ball balancer applied to the optical-disk drive has the characteristic of low consistence in locating the balls at right positions. To understand the reasons for low consistence, a mathematical model is first constructed for the purpose of theoretically investigating the dynamic behaviors of the foundation and balancing balls. Therefore, the positions of the balls at steady state can be predicted. Herein, the steady state indicates that the speed of the spindle motor runs constantly and there is no relative motion between balls and the balancer. Then, the method of multiple scale is employed to analyze the stability of the balancer with two balls at steady state. Finally, an experimental setup is constructed to examine the correctness of the mathematical model and computer simulation of the steady-state solutions and their stability. Good agreement has been obtained. This research also leads to several design guidelines for the ball balancer in improving the consistence of ball positions and, therefore, reducing vibration resulting from unbalance of the rotor.
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Chan, Tzu-Chi, and 詹子奇. "Precision Ball Positioning of an Automatic Balancer System." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/66118799646477675166.

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博士<br>國立清華大學<br>動力機械工程學系<br>100<br>本研究從理論與實驗探討滾珠自動平衡器之滾珠與軌道間的摩擦、外力激振及非線性承載底座對於滾珠精密定位性能的影響。由於滾珠定位會直接影響轉子系統的不平衡量，若不平衡量無法完全消除，會造成轉子有較大的殘餘振動量，故滾珠定位是自動平衡器性能的重要指標。 首先探討滾動摩擦阻力對自動平衡器之滾珠定位與穩定度的影響，將滾珠自動平衡器分為等效轉子與等效定子兩部分，並將該平衡器視為一自主(Autonomous)系統，推導出等效轉子與滾珠的動態方程式。其中，滾珠與軌道間滾動摩擦的數學模型及其相關參數可以實驗的方式加以鑑別，運動方程式考量滾珠的驅動力與滾動阻力的關係以定義滾珠的定位，從結果可以看出，滾動摩擦係數的大小直接影響滾珠的定位範圍。 另外，本研究亦探討滾珠自動平衡器受到外力激振與非線性隔振裝置的影響，國際上多數研究會先忽略外力激振與承載底座非線性的影響，然而外力與非線性特性會造成系統振幅與相位的改變，進而影響滾珠運動的驅動力。本研究用複合時間比例法求解滾珠的穩態位置並以Floquet法探討其穩定性，研究動態系統的滾動摩擦、外力激振與非線性特性對滾珠定位間的關係。數值模擬與實驗研究進一步驗證了理論推導的結果，且透過此研究亦建構出相關實驗裝置，分別是外力激振和高速攝影機觀察滾珠的定位與運動軌跡的影像辨識軟體。研究結果亦顯示，諧和外力激振可以使滾珠在其原位置產生振動，因而降低摩擦阻力，減小滾珠的定位範圍，然而本研究發現若轉速太高造成滾珠與軌道間的摩擦阻力增大，反而會使定位範圍加大而產生過大的殘餘振動量。
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Lin, Yu-Min, and 林育民. "Study of the periodic solutions of ball-type automatic balancer systems." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/76743578712128979929.

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碩士<br>國立臺灣大學<br>機械工程學研究所<br>96<br>Many devices have been proposed for the reduction of the rotational vibrations of optical disk drives. Among these vibration-reduction devices, the ball-type automatic balancer is most popular and has been analyzed comprehensively. However, most of the studies on the automatic balancers to date focused on the local dynamical characteristics of the system about the equilibrium positions. In order to have a global analysis of the system, one has to determine the periodic solutions of the system first. The periodic motions of the balls can be classified into two types: oscillatory and rotary periodic motions. Little attention has been paid to the determination of rotary periodic motions of a dynamic system. In this paper, we modify the incremental harmonic balance method such that the rotary periodic motions can be determined efficiently as well as the oscillatory periodic motions. Using this method, we perform global dynamic analysis of the automatic balancer system. We scan the parametric space for possible periodic motions and determine the associated existence regions. The stable regions of the periodic motions are compared with those of the equilibrium positions. Where there exist multiple attractors, the domains of attraction of the attractors in the state space are determined. Under some conditions, the boundary of the basin of attraction of the perfect balancing positions is quite complicated. In this case, the performance of the automatic balancer is sensitive to the initial states of the system.
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Yang, Meng-wei, and 楊孟瑋. "Analysis and Design of the Dynamic Double Suspension-Automatic Ball Balancer System." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/78550324359097537530.

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碩士<br>國立中正大學<br>機械系<br>92<br>This thesis focuses on the anti-vibration effect of the automatic ball balancers (ABB) on the dynamic double suspension system (DDSS). ABB is a device for reducing the unbalance mass of the optical disk device. The first step in research is building up the whole system with the mathematical model. Secondly, we employ Newton method to derive equations of motion for the equivalent stator and balls. Thirdly, numerical analyses of the system are simulated by the software Matlab. From the result, when rotor speed operated under the first resonance frequency, ABB will produce vibration and make system unstable. We should avoid operating too near both of the resonance frequency when rotor speed is between the first and the second resonance frequency. We get the result that best effect of reducing vibration is operated over the second resonance frequency. Finally, the main contribution in this thesis is providing design guidelines for ABB.
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Leu, Hui-Chung, and 呂惠中. "The Effect of Rolling Resistance on the Performance of Automatic Ball Balancer." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/77781933084594470419.

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碩士<br>國立清華大學<br>動力機械工程學系<br>89<br>The rolling resistance between the balls and the wall of the automatic ball balancer (ABB) significantly influences the balancing performance of the optic disk drive system from theoretical analysis and experimental observation. This thesis focuses on the study of the effect of rolling resistance on ABB. The investigation begins from constructing the mathematical model of the ball rolling resistance. It is followed by deriving the equations of motion for the balls and equivalent stator. Then the steady-state solutions are obtained and the stability of each solution is analyzed by using multiple scale method. The performance of the system is simulated by using the software SIMULINK. Besides, the value of the rolling resistance for aluminum, copper, and steel were measured and the balls in ABB were also observed. Finally, this thesis provides a design guideline about how to reduce the rolling resistance of the balls in contact with the wall of ABB system.
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游本呈. "The Effect of Nonlinear Suspension on the Dynamic Performance of Automatic Ball Balancer." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/93796227309926226104.

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Tien, Meng-Hsuan, and 田孟軒. "Numerical and Experimental Study of Periodic Solutions of Ball-Type Automatic Balancer Systems." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/76873629505916915843.

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碩士<br>國立臺灣大學<br>機械工程學研究所<br>99<br>Under proper working conditions, a ball-type automatic balancer can adjust the positions of its balls according to the imbalance of the rotor and significantly reduces the rotational vibrations. As a consequence, ball-type automatic balancers are widely applied to rotor systems. However, when the rotational speed is above the natural frequency of the system, the balls may not settle to the perfect balancing positions but keep circulating or oscillating around the disk and result in large vibrations. Moreover the rotary periodic motions can’t be determined by the existing numerical methods used for the detection of periodic solutions. In this study, we employed the modified incremental harmonic balance method to analyze all kind of periodic motions, obtain the existence regions in the η-Ω plane and determine the corresponding stability. Then a comprehensive parametric study was performed and the results were verified experimentally.
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Book chapters on the topic "Automatic ball balancer"

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Spannan, Lars, Christian Daniel, and Elmar Woschke. "Simulative Determination of Ideal Fluid Properties for an Automatic Ball Balancer Under Different Run-up Scenarios." In Vibration Engineering for a Sustainable Future. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46466-0_1.

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Spannan, Lars, and Elmar Woschke. "Approximating Unstable Operation Speeds of Automatic Ball Balancers Based on Design Parameters." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92144-6_17.

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Conference papers on the topic "Automatic ball balancer"

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Chan, T. C., C. K. Sung, Paul C. P. Chao, and Y. M. Hung. "Effects of Rolling Friction on Ball Positioning for an Automatic Ball Balancer." In ASME 2009 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2009-86379.

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This paper presents a theoretical and experimental study on the effects of rolling friction between balls and the racer on ball positioning for an automatic ball balancer (ABB). The performance of an ABB, which is characterized by residual vibration of the rotor, relies heavily on balls’ positions. However, the magnitude of rolling friction determines the ball position of the balancing system, which in turn affects the performance of the ABB. In this study, a set of ball balancers are fabricated including ceramic balls and the associated PTFE and ceramic ball races for the purpose of investigating the validity of the mathematical model of the rolling friction. The driving-force equation associated with the dynamic equations of motion of the balls is developed to determine the ball positions as well as the performance of the balancing system. Two sets of experimental apparatus are constructed. One is aimed to verify the mathematical model of the rolling friction of the ball balancer. The other applies an optical-disc drive system together with a high-speed camera to record the ball positions and verify the results obtained from computer simulation.
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Liu, Jun, and Yukio Ishida. "Vibration Suppression of Rotating Machinery Utilizing an Automatic Ball Balancer and Discontinuous Spring Characteristics." In ASME 2007 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2007-34462.

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Automatic ball balancer is a balancing device where two balls inside a hollow rotor move to optimal rest positions automatically to eliminate unbalance. As the result, vibrations are suppressed to a small amplitude or a zero amplitude in the rotational speed range higher than the major critical speed. However, it has the following defects. The amplitude of vibration increases in the rotational speed range lower than the major critical speed. In addition, almost periodic motions with large amplitude occur due to the rolling of balls inside the rotor in the vicinity of the major critical speed. Due to those defects, the automatic ball balancer has not been used widely. This paper proposes the vibration suppression method utilizing the discontinuous spring characteristics together with an automatic ball balancer to suppress vibration and to overcome these defects of the automatic ball balancer. The validity of proposed method is confirmed theoretically, numerically and experimentally. The results show that amplitude of vibration can be suppressed to a small amplitude in the vicinity of the major critical speed and the zero amplitude in the range higher than the major critical speed.
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Chao, Paul C. P., Chi-Wei Chiu, Cheng-Kuo Sung, and Hui-Chung Leu. "Effects of Rolling Friction of the Balancing Balls on the Automatic Ball Balancer for Optical Disk Drives." In ASME/STLE 2004 International Joint Tribology Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/trib2004-64275.

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This study is devoted to evaluate the performance of an automatic ball-type balance system (ABB) installed in optical disk drives (ODD) with consideration of the rolling friction between the balancing balls and the ball-containing race of the ABB. Researches have been conducted to study the performance of the ABB by investigating the nonlinear dynamics of the system; however, the rolling friction model adopted was a simple stick-slip type, which does not reflect the true contact dynamics between rolling balls and their races, leading to an inaccuracy in predicting ABB performance. In this study, a complete dynamic model of the ABB including a detailed rolling friction model based on contact mechanics is established. The method of multiple scales is then applied to formulate a scaled model to find all possible steady-state ball positions and analyze stabilities. It is found that possible steady-state residing positions of the ball inside the race are multiple and form continuous ranges. Numerical simulations and experiments are conducted to verify the validness of the theoretical findings. The obtained results are used to predict the level of residual vibration, with which the guidelines on dimension design and material choices of the ABB are distilled to achieve desired performance.
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Sung, Cheng-Kuo, Paul C. P. Chao, and Ben-Cheng Yo. "Effects of Nonlinear Damping Washers on the Automatic Ball Balancer for Optical Disk Drives." In ASME 2005 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2005-84563.

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This study is devoted to explore the effect of nonlinear dynamics of damping washers on the dynamic performance of automatic ball balancer (ABB) system installed in optical disc drives. The ABB is generally used on rotational system to reduce vibration. Researches have been conducted to study the performance of the ABB by investigating the nonlinear dynamics of the system; however, the model adopted often consider the damping washer in a typical ABB suspension system as a linear one, which does not reflect the fact that the practical washers are inevitably exhibit nontrivial nonlinear dynamics at some range of operation, deviating the ABB performance away from the expecteds. In this study, a complete dynamic model of the ABB including a detailed nonlinear model of the damping washers based on experimental data for practical wahers is established. The method of multiple scales is then applied to formulate a scaled model to find all possible steady-state ball positions and analyze stabilities. It is found that with reasonable level of nonlinearity, the balancing balls of the ABB are still reside at the desired positions at steady state, rendering expected vibration reduction; however, jump phenomena also occurs as the spindle operated through natural frequency of the suspension, causing unwanted system vibrations. Numerical simulations and experiments are conducted to verify the theoretical findings. The obtained results are used to predict the level of residual vibration, with which the guidelines on choices of the nonlinear damping washers are distilled to achieve desired performance.
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DeSmidt, Hans. "Imbalance Vibration Suppression of Supercritical Shafts With Automatic Balancing Devices." In ASME 2007 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2007-35767.

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This research explores the use of automatic balancing devices (autobalancers) for imbalance suppression of flexible shafts operating at supercritical speeds. Essentially, autobalancers are passive devices consisting of several balls free to roll within an oil-filled circular track mounted on a rotor or shaft to be balanced. At certain speeds, the stable equilibrium positions of the balls is such that they reduce or cancel the rotor imbalance. This “automatic balancing” phenomena occurs as a result of the non-linear dynamic interaction between the balancer balls and the rotor transverse vibrations. Thus, autobalancer devices can passively compensate for unknown imbalance without the need for a control system and naturally adjust for gradually changing imbalance conditions. Single-plane autobalancers are widely utilized for imbalance correction of computer hard-disk drives and CD-ROM drives as well as for balancing machine tools. While autobalancers can effectively compensate for imbalance of planar disk-type systems and rigid rotors, the use of autobalancing devices on flexible shafts has not been fully considered. This study explores the dynamics and stability of an imbalanced flexible shaft-disk system equipped with a dual ball autobalancer by solving a coupled set of nonlinear equations to determine the fixed-point equilibrium conditions in rotating coordinates. Stability is assessed via eigenvalue analysis of a perturbed system about each equilibrium configuration. It is determined that regions of stable automatic balancing occur at supercritical shaft speeds between each flexible mode. Additionally, the effects of bearing stiffness, autobalancer/imbalance-plane axial offset distance, and relative ball-track viscous damping are each explored. This investigation yields valuable analysis methods and insights for the application of automatic balancing devices to flexible shaft and rotor systems operating at supercritical speeds.
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Bykov, V. G., and A. S. Kovachev. "Autobalancing of a rigid rotor in viscoelastic orthotropic supports considering eccentricity of the automatic ball balancer." In THE EIGHTH POLYAKHOV’S READING: Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference on Mechanics. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5034728.

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Jung, DaeYi, and Hans DeSmidt. "Limit-Cycle Analysis of Planar Rotor/Autobalancer System Supported on Hydrodynamic Journal Bearing." In ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-48723.

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In recent years, there has been much interest in the use of so-called automatic balancing devices (ABD) in rotating machinery. Essentially, ABDs or “autobalancers” consists of several freely moving eccentric balancing masses mounted on the rotor, which, at certain operating speeds, act to cancel rotor imbalance at steady-state. This “automatic balancing” phenomena occurs as a result of nonlinear dynamic interactions between the balancer and rotor wherein the balancer masses naturally synchronize with the rotor with appropriate phase and cancel the imbalance. However, due to inherent nonlinearity of the autobalancer, the potential for other, undesirable, non-synchronous limit-cycle behavior exists. In such situations, the balancer masses do not reach their desired synchronous balanced steady-state positions resulting in increased rotor vibration. Such automatic behavior has been widely studied and is well understood for rotor systems on idealized bearings with symmetric supports. This paper presents a comprehensive study into automatic balancing behavior of an imbalanced planar rigid rotor/ABD system mounted in two different widely-used types of hydrodynamic bearings; i) the short journal bearing with asymmetric stiffness, damping and cross-coupling terms and ii) a so-called tilting-pad bearing. In this study the non-dimensional characteristic curves of stiffness and damping of these two fluid film bearings are employed and the rotor/bearing/ABD system autobalancing behavior is studied as a function of rotor speed, bearing eccentricity and bearing journal radial clearance. These two essential bearing parameters in turn are directly determined by the rotor static loading, bearing structure, and oil viscosity. Consequently, this research focuses on the connectivity between the bearing parameters and the corresponding synchronous balancing and non-synchronous limit-cycle behavior of the system. Here, solutions for rotor limit-cycle amplitudes and corresponding autobalancer ball speeds are obtained via a harmonic balance and numerical continuation solution approach. Furthermore, an exact solution for the limit-cycle is obtained for the special case of symmetric support stiffness together with a so-called Alford’s force cross-coupling term. In each case, the limit-cycle stability is assessed via a perturbation and Floquet analysis and the coexistence of the stable balanced synchronous limit-cycle and undesired non-synchronous limit-cycle is studied. It is found that for certain combinations of bearing parameters and operating speeds, the non-synchronous limit-cycle can be made unstable thus guaranteeing global asymptotic stability of the synchronous balanced condition. Finally, the analysis is validated through numerical time-domain simulation. The findings in this paper yield important insights for researchers wishing to utilize automatic balancing devices in practical rotor systems.
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Wang, Chun-Chieh, Cheng-Kuo Sung, and Paul C. P. Chao. "Dynamic Analysis of the Optical Disk Drive System Equipped With an Automatic Ball Balancer With Consideration of Torsional Motion." In ASME 2003 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2003/vib-48407.

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This study is dedicated to evaluate the stability of an automatic ball-type balance system (ABS) installed in Optical Disk Drives (ODD). There have been researchers devoted to study the performance of ABS by investigating the dynamics of the system, but few consider the motions in torsional direction of ODD foundation. To solve this problem, a mathematical model including the foundation is established. The method of multiple scales is then utilized to find all possible steady-state solutions and perform related stability analysis. The obtained results are used to predict the level of residual vibrations and then the performance of the ABS can be evaluated. Numerical simulations are conducted to verify the theoretical results. It is obtained from both analytical and numerical results that the spindle speed of the motor ought to be operated above primary translational and secondary torsional resonances to stabilize the desired steady-state solutions for a substantial reduction in radial vibration.
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Wakatmi, Hiroo, and Hiroshi Ajiki. "A High-Speed 12-Layer Two-Dimensional Bar-Code Detection System with Balanced Raster Scanner." In The European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics. Optica Publishing Group, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_europe.1998.cwf88.

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Two-dimensional (2D) bar-code detection systems (BCDSs) have great possibilities for use in high-speed process automation systems because they permit direct access to management information data. The conventional 2D BCDSs used to detect 2D bar codes such as Code16K and Code49, mainly use a raster scanner with a tilted axis. This scanner, however, is not sufficient for high-speed applications (such as goods management in production lines), since its speed is limited to nearly 500 scan/s at most due to low stability and low durability. This is because the center of gravity greately deviates from its central axis and the ball-bearings around it are easily worn especially in high-speed rotation.
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Kumaga, Masaaki, and Takaya Ochiai. "Development of a robot balanced on a ball — Application of passive motion to transport —." In 2009 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/robot.2009.5152324.

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