Dissertations / Theses: 'Automatic effects'

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Schrimpf, Natalie Margaret. "Effects of Topic Structure on Automatic Summarization." Thesis, Yale University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10957338.

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Automatic summarization involves finding the most important information in a text in order to create a reduced version of that text that conveys the same meaning as the original. In this dissertation, I present a method for using topic information to influence which content is selected for a summary.

This dissertation addresses questions such as how to represent the meaning of a document for automatic tasks. For tasks such as automatic summarization, there is a tradeoff between using sophisticated linguistic methods and using methods that can easily and efficiently be used by automatic systems. This research seeks to find a balance between these two goals by using linguistically-motivated methods that can be used to improve automatic summarization performance. Another question addressed in this work is the balance between summary coverage and length. A summary must be long enough to convey the information from the original text but short enough to be useful in place of the original document. This dissertation explores the use of topics to increase coverage while reducing redundancy.

There are several issues that affect summary quality. These include information coverage, redundancy, and coherence. This dissertation focuses on achieving coverage of all distinct concepts in a text by incorporating topic structure. During the summarization process, emphasis is placed on including information from all topics in order to produce summaries that cover the range of information present in the original documents. In this work, several notions of what constitutes a topic are explored, with particular focus on defining topics using information from Rhetorical Structure Theory (Mann and Thompson 1988). The results of incorporating topics into a summarization system show that topic structure improves automatic summarization performance.

The contributions of this dissertation include demonstrating that focusing on coverage of the different topics in a text improves summaries, and topic structure is an effective way to achieve this coverage. This research also shows the effectiveness of a simple modular method for incorporating topics into summarization that allows for comparison of different notions of topic and summarization techniques.

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Wernsing, Tara Sallie 1968. "Product knowledge and pictorial information effects on automatic processing." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278199.

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This paper expands the study of automatic processing in the marketing literature. An empirical study was designed to test for automatic inference making due to pictorial or verbal advertisements and prior product knowledge. The theory developed in this thesis suggests that certain factors, high product knowledge and pictorial processing, will result in the accumulation of information in memory. This, in turn, yields easier processing of new information, which signifies a reduction in the attention and effort needed for processing the new information. Finally, the reduction of effort reflects a decrease in the amount of time needed for processing. Therefore, response latencies served as a direct measure of automatic processing in this thesis. Findings indicated that pictures in ads are likely to result in more automatic inference making than verbal information alone. Therefore, automaticity has the potential to explain some of the information processing that occurs in advertising and marketing.

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Doe, Hope L. "Evaluating the Effects of Automatic Speech Recognition Word Accuracy." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36956.

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Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) research has been primarily focused towards large-scale systems and industry, while other areas that require attention are often over-looked by researchers. For this reason, this research looked at automatic speech recognition at the consumer level. Many individual consumers will purchase and use automatic software recognition for a different purpose than that of the military or commercial industries, such as telecommunications. Consumers who purchase the software for personal use will mainly use ASR for dictation of correspondences and documents. Two ASR dictation software packages were used to conduct the study. The research examined the relationships between (1) speech recognition software training and word accuracy, (2) error-correction time by the user and word accuracy, and (3) correspondence type and word accuracy. The correspondences evaluated were those that resemble Personal, Business, and Technical Correspondences. Word accuracy was assessed after initial system training, five minutes of error-correction time, and ten minutes of error-correction time.

Results indicated that word recognition accuracy achieved does affect user satisfaction. It was also found that with increased error-correction time, word accuracy results improved. Additionally, the results found that Personal Correspondence achieved the highest mean word accuracy rate for both systems and that Dragon Systems achieved the highest mean word accuracy recognition for the Correspondences explored in this research. Results were discussed in terms of subjective and objective measures, advantages and disadvantages of speech input, and design recommendations were provided.
Master of Science

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4

SEIBERT, BRENT BENJAMIN. "EFFECTS OF SUB-PART SCORING IN AUTOMATIC TARGET RECOGNITION." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1006203207.

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5

Ramirez, Jose Luis. "Effects of clipping distortion on an Automatic Speaker Recognition system." Thesis, University of Colorado at Denver, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10112619.

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Clipping distortion is a common problem faced in the audio recording world in which an audio signal is recorded at higher amplitude than the recording system’s limitations, resulting in a portion of the acoustic event not being recorded. Several government agencies employ the use of Automatic Speaker Recognition (ASR) systems in order to identify the speaker of an acquired recording. This is done automatically using a nonbiased approach by running a questioned recording through an ASR system and comparing it to a pre-existing database of voice samples of whom the speakers are known. A matched speaker is indicated by a high correlation of likelihood between the questioned recording and the ones from the known database. It is possible that during the process of making the questioned recording the speaker was speaking too loudly into the recording device, a gain setting was set too high, or there was post-processing done to the point that clipping distortion is introduced into the recording. Clipping distortion results from the amplitude of an audio signal surpassing the maximum sampling value of the recording system. This affects the quantized audio signal by truncating peaks at the max value rather than the actual amplitude of the input signal. In theory clipping distortion will affect likelihood ratios in a negative way between two compared recordings of the same speaker. This thesis will test this hypothesis. Currently there is no research that has helped as a guideline for knowing the limitations when using clipped recordings. This thesis will investigate to what degree of effect will clipped material have on the system performance of a Forensic Automatic Speaker Recognition system.

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Wrede, Britta. "Modelling the effects of speech rate variation for automatic speech recognition." [S.l. : s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=969765304.

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Hapeshi, K. "The development of automatic semantic and syntactic context effects in reading." Thesis, Swansea University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.637218.

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Empirical evidence is presented which shows that readers can utilise semantic and syntactic context in order to aid word recognition, either through a conscious strategy-related process, or through an automatic spread'ng excitation process. The experimental results described show that, when average readers are used as subjects, semantic context effects may be evident in readers as young as 6 or 7 years of age, and in readers aged 11 years and over. There is little evidence for the use of context in 8 and 9 year old readers. This age-related pattern of results is consistent with the theory that readers at different developmental stages utilise semantic context primarily through different processes; young readers through a conscious process, and older, more skilled readers, through an automatic process. Readers between the ages of 8 and 10 years of age are at some transition stage between the two types of process, which results in the absence of context effects. Experimental evidence was also presented, showing that syntactic context can be utilised through either a conscious or an automatic process, but only in fluent adult readers. The automatic effects of syntactic context are similar to automatic semantic context effects, which suggests that they involve the same type of mechanism of spreading excitation through an associative network. In order to show how such a mechanism could work, a model for the Lexicon is described, which argues that both semantic and syntactic information can be encoded through associative learning providing directional links between nodes in a neural network. Spreading excitation through the resulting structural network could then account for automatic context effects.

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8

Graham, Rebecca Kathleen Anna. "The effects of automatic inhibition processes on the generation of actions." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.550198.

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A flexible repertoire of motor actions is necessary for everyday life. Even target- driven actions have the potential to be carried out in many different ways. This flexibility of action execution even within biological systems implies some mechanism by which one motor plan becomes promoted to the stage of execution of a particular task. The focus of this work is an investigation of the generation of action, by looking at the process of automatic inhibition of primed motor plans. Automatic inhibition is phenomenon wherein motor responses to visual stimuli are inhibited under certain conditions. It has been conceived of as a process to control action generation automatically, preventing the execution of actions that are no longer indicated by the sensory environment. However it is not yet known whether automatic inhibition can operate in all types of actions. Boundary conditions for the emergence of automatic inhibition were examined through both behavioural and neuro-cognitive investigation. A possible neural locus for automatic inhibition was examined via the application of rTMS. Although implicated in the generation of actions, and in the generation of voluntary actions in particular, it does not appear that activity in the SMA is necessary for the operation of automatic inhibition. Automatic inhibition was shown to operate only in terms of voluntary actions, although its precursor, automatic response priming, may be more ubiquitous in action generation. The perceptual salience, or conscious awareness, of the action cue or target may determine, along with the perceptual strength of the prime stimulus, whether or not automatic inhibition operates. It is possible that the presence or absence of automatic inhibition may be a defining feature of voluntary and involuntary actions.

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Sundaram, Ramasubramanian H. "Effects of transcription errors on supervised learning in speech recognition." Master's thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2003. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-06132003-120252.

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O'Donoghue, Mark E. "Automatic effects of construct activation and threat on impression formation and behaviour /." Adelaide, 1989. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ARPS/09arpso261.pdf.

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May, Christine. "Effects of Acute Exercise on Automatic Action-Tendencies and Self-Reported Affect." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1427979148.

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Dickenson, Adrian C. "Repetition and interference effects in spatial stimulus - response compatibility : automatic and strategic factors." Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.314357.

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13

Johnstone, Anne. "The effects of word boundary ambiguity on lexical access in automatic continuous speech recognition." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/24026.

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Hoffman, Leo Henry. "Effects of target's acceleration on alpha-beta tracking filters." Master's thesis, This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-01122010-020019/.

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Goodall, Catherine E. "Automatic Attitude Activation: Studies on Processing and Effects of Alcohol Advertisements and Public Service Announcements." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1242256246.

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Hughes, Raymond E. "The effects of different thermal environmental conditions on the performance of automatic and controlled processes." Thesis, This resource online, 1995. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03032009-040645/.

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Escovar, Peggy L. "Social facilitation effects on automatic and effortful processing in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder." FIU Digital Commons, 1993. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3153.

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This dissertation investigated the effects of social facilitation theory, specifically mere presence of a peer, on automatic and effortful processing in boys (ages 7 to 12 years) diagnosed with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The sample (N=61) was comprised of ADHD and Normals who were matched by chronological age (+ /- 9 months) and IQ (1 standard deviation). Forty-eight percent of the sample was Hispanic. Each pair was randomly assigned to one of two conditions to test social facilitation effects. The conditions were Alone (subject worked alone in room) and Presence (subject worked in the presence of confederate). All subjects performed seven information processing tasks which varied in attentional demands from automatic, to acquired automatic, to effortfu1. Automatic processing was measured by two tasks, initial vigilance and frequency monitoring of a word list; acquired automatic was measured by a visual discrimination activity presented twice; and effortful processing was measured by three tasks, free recall of words and two listening comprehension activities. Results support the concept that ADHD is a developmental disorder involving the inability to invest, organize and maintain attention and modulate impulsive responding. Diagnostic effects were applicable across both ethnic (Anglo and Hispanic) groups and emphasizes the significance of the disorder across cultures. There were several significant effects for diagnosis with ADHD subjects performing significantly worse on the frequency monitoring task, on the second administration of the visual discrimination task, and on one effortfu1 task, Free Recall of Related Words. No main effect for social facilitation was found, disconfirming Zajonc's mere presence hypothesis, for both ADHD and Normal children, Cottrell's learning theory model which states that more direct involvement of the peer or a threat of evaluation is needed to elicit social facilitation effects is discussed. Additional analysis indicated that the ADHD subjects were significantly more likely to engage in extraneous and non-task related verbal and motor activity on nine out of twelve behavioral indices. Results are discussed in terms of the effects of the experimental context on the performance of ADHD subjects, observed deficits in sustained attention, and other motivational factors. Educational implications, emphasizing group monitoring effects and instructional design are discussed.

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Kogler, Timothy Michael. "The Effects of Degraded Vision and Automatic Combat Identification Reliability on Infantry Friendly Fire Engagements." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31557.

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Fratricide is one of the most devastating consequences of any military conflict. Target identification failures have been identified as the last link in a chain of mistakes that can lead to fratricide. Other links include weapon and equipment malfunctions, command, control, and communication failures, navigation failures, fire discipline failures, and situation awareness failures. This research examined the effects of degraded vision and combat identification reliability on the time-stressed decision of a dismounted infantryman to engage friendly or threat targets. Twelve soldiers with the Military Occupational Specialty 95B (Military Police) participated in several live-fire scenarios while wearing goggles with various levels of transmissivity and shooting an M16A2 containing a combat identification system operating at 100% and 60% reliability. As expected, there was a significant main effect of Transmissivity Level [F(2, 22) = 8.168, p = 0.002] and Combat Identification Reliability [F(2, 22) = 38.467, p < 0.001] and a significant interaction effect of Transmissivity Level x Combat Identification Reliability [F(4, 44) = 3.111, p = 0.024] on the Number of Friendly Targets engaged. The main effects of Transmissivity Level and Combat Identification Reliability and their interaction effect on the Number of Missed Threat Targets were nonsignificant. An unexpected result was no practical increase in Mean Reaction Time using a combat identification system on the M16A2. As technology continues to improve the lethality of military weapon systems, a corresponding increase in target identification is required to avoid friendly fire causalities. Designers of future combat identification systems for the dismounted force will need to focus on operational reliability and ease of use to maximize the system benefits.
Master of Science

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19

McKenzie, Scott Daniel. "Suppressive effects of a stimulus correlated with reprimands for automatically-maintained eye poking." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2003. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4152/.

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A functional analysis, conducted to assess the variables maintaining the chronic eye poking of a female diagnosed with profound mental retardation, indicated that the behavior persisted in the absence of social contingencies. A procedure was initiated in a training environment in which a punisher (mild reprimand) was delivered contingent on eye poking in the presence, but not in the absence, of a neutral stimulus (wristbands). Using a combination of multiple baseline and multielement experimental designs, it was determined that that eye poking was suppressed in the presence of the previously neutral stimulus, even in environments in which the reprimand contingency was inoperative.

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Osborne, Stephen D. "Automatic Exposure Control During Computed Tomography Scans of the Head: Effects on Dose and Image Quality." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3658.

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Automatic exposure control (AEC) is effective at reducing potentially harmful radiation doses without sacrificing image quality for many types of computed tomography (CT) scans. However, there is a need for more information regarding the use of AEC for CT head scans. This study was conducted at Johnson County Community Hospital in Mountain City, TN. Preexisting adult CT head scans (n)60 were randomly selected to form 2 stratified samples, (n)30 each. One sample used a standard protocol, and the other used a protocol with a mA-modulated AEC system, Siemens CARE Dose 4D. Causal-comparative analyses were conducted, and it was determined that AEC was effective at maintaining subjective image quality while reducing radiation doses an average of 38% for adult CT head scans. It was concluded that using AEC was an effective tool to optimize radiation doses for adult CT head scans in one particular setting, but more research on this topic is needed.

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Johansson, Helena. "Investigation of rotor downwash effects using CFD." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-17651.

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This paper is the result of a master thesis project on helicopter rotor downwash effects using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The work was performed at the department of Aerodynamics and Flight Mechanics at Saab AB, Linköping in 2008. It completes the author’s studies for a M.Sc degree in Applied Physics and Electrical Engineering at the Department of Electrical Engineering at the Linköping institute of technology (LiTH), Linköping, Sweden.

The aim of the project was to study the rotor downwash effects and its influence on the helicopter fuselage. To fulfil this purpose, several CFD calculations were carried out and the aerodynamic forces and moments resulting from the calculations were implemented in an existing simulation model, developed in-house at Saab. The original (existing) model was compared to the updated model by studying step responses in MATLAB, Simulink. For some step commands, the comparisions indicated that the updated model was more damped in yaw compared to the original model for the hovering helicopter. When the helicopter was trimmed for a steady turn, the states in the updated model diverged much faster than the states in the original model for any given step command.

In order to investigate the differences between the original helicopter model and the updated model from a controlling perspective, a linear quadratic (LQ) state feedback controller was synthesized to stabilize the vehicle in a steady turn. The LQ method was chosen as it is a modern design technique with good robustness and sensitivity properties and since it is easily implemented in MATLAB. Before synthesising, a simplification of the helicopter model was made by reducing states and splitting them into lateral and longitudinal ones. Step responses from simulations with the original and the updated model were studied, showing an almost identical behavior.

It can be concluded that the aerodynamic coefficients obtained from the CFD calculations can be used for determining the aerodynamic characteristics of the helicopter. Some further validation is needed though, for example by comparing the results with flight test data. In order to build an aerodynamic data base that covers the whole flight envelop, additional CFD calculations are required.

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Wiers, Corinde [Verfasser]. "The automatic pull of drug cues in addiction: Neural correlates and effects of re-training / Corinde Wiers." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1053959532/34.

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23

Kmiecik, Chris G. "Effects of non-uniform windowing in a Rician-fading channel and simulation of adaptive automatic repeat request protocols." Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 1990. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA236940.

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Thesis (M.S. in Electrical Engineering)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 1990.
Thesis Advisor(s): Ha, Tri T. Second Reader: Myers, Glen A. "June 1990." Description based on signature page. DTIC Identifier(s): Digital communications, frequent shift keyers, program listings, protocols. Author(s) subject terms: FFT windowwing, ARQ, fading, frequency shifts. Includes bibliographical references (p. 58). Also available online.

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Koskinen, M. (Miika). "Automatic assessment of functional suppression of the central nervous system due to propofol anesthetic infusion:from EEG phenomena to a quantitative index." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2006. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514281756.

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Abstract The rationale for automatically monitoring anesthetic drug effects on the central nervous system (CNS) is to improve possibilities to gain objective information on a patient's state and to adjust the medication individually. Although monitors have shown their usefulness in practice, there are still a number of unclear issues, especially with respect to the scientific foundations and validity of CNS monitoring techniques, and in monitoring the light hypnotic levels. Current monitors are, for example, often based on heuristics and ad hoc solutions. However, a quantitative index for anesthetic drug effect should have a sound relationship with observations and with the selected control variable. The research objectives are: (1) to explore propofol anesthetic related neurophysiological phenomena that can be applied in the automatic assessment of CNS suppression; (2) to develop a valid control variable for this purpose; (3) by means of digital signal processing and mathematical modeling, to design and to evaluate the performance of an index that correlates with the control variable. This dissertation introduces potentially useful neurophysiological phenomena, such as changes in phase synchronization between different EEG channels due to anesthesia, and painful stimulus evoked responses during the burst suppression. Furthermore, it refines the progression of the time-frequency patterns during the induction of anesthesia and shows their relation to the instant of unresponsiveness. The presented spontaneous and evoked EEG phenomena provide complementary information about the CNS functional suppression. Most significantly, the dissertation proposes a continuous and observation based control variable (r scale) and the means to predict its values by using EEG data. The definition of the scale provides a basis for anticipating the instant of the loss of consciousness. Additionally, the phase synchronization index as an indicator of drug effect is introduced. The approximate entropy descriptor performance is evaluated and optimised with a non-stationary signal recorded during the induction of anesthesia. The results open up opportunities to improve the preciseness, scientific validity and the interpretation of information on the anesthetic effects on CNS, and therefore, to increase the reliability of the anesthesia monitoring. Further work is needed to extend and verify the results in deep anesthesia.

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25

Casali, Sherry Perdue. "The effects of recognition accuracy and vocabulary size of a speech recognition system on task performance and user acceptance." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/43383.

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26

Lazarus, Belinda Davis. "Effects of home-based parent tutoring managed by an automatic telephone answering machine on word recognition of kindergarten children." Connect to resource, 1986. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1262700405.

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27

Fino, Edita <1978&gt. "The language of others mirrored in thy face: The role of political affiliation in automatic facial effects of language." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6535/.

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People tend to automatically mimic facial expressions of others. If clear evidence exists on the effect of non-verbal behavior (emotion faces) on automatic facial mimicry, little is known about the role of verbal behavior (emotion language) in triggering such effects. Whereas it is well-established that political affiliation modulates facial mimicry, no evidence exists on whether this modulation passes also through verbal means. This research addressed the role of verbal behavior in triggering automatic facial effects depending on whether verbal stimuli are attributed to leaders of different political parties. Study 1 investigated the role of interpersonal verbs, referring to positive and negative emotion expressions and encoding them at different levels of abstraction, in triggering corresponding facial muscle activation in a reader. Study 2 examined the role of verbs expressing positive and negative emotional behaviors of political leaders in modulating automatic facial effects depending on the matched or mismatched political affiliation of participants and politicians of left-and right-wing. Study 3 examined whether verbs expressing happiness displays of ingroup politicians induce a more sincere smile (Duchenne) pattern among readers of same political affiliation relative to happiness expressions of outgroup politicians. Results showed that verbs encoding facial actions at different levels of abstraction elicited differential facial muscle activity (Study 1). Furthermore, political affiliation significantly modulated facial activation triggered by emotion verbs as participants showed more congruent and enhanced facial activity towards ingroup politicians’ smiles and frowns compared to those of outgroup politicians (Study 2). Participants facially responded with a more sincere smile pattern towards verbs expressing smiles of ingroup compared to outgroup politicians (Study 3). Altogether, results showed that the role of political affiliation in modulating automatic facial effects passes also through verbal channels and is revealed at a fine-grained level by inducing quantitative and qualitative differences in automatic facial reactions of readers.

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Larew, Lalah W. "The effects of learning geometry using a computer-generated automatic draw tool on the levels of reasoning of college developmental students." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 1999. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=581.

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Thesis (Ed. D.)--West Virginia University, 1999.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 103 p. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 91-96).

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Roy, Poorna Roy. "Analyzing and classifying bimolecular interactions:I. Effects of metal binding on an iron-sulfur cluster scaffold proteinII. Automatic annotation of RNA-protein interactions for NDB." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1496412736120654.

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Wong, Soak Wai. "The Effects of Perspiration Application, Weathering Exposures, Washing Action of Automatic Home Clothes Washers, and Repeated Laundering on the Ultraviolet Protection of a Naturally Colored Lightweight Cotton Fabric." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/76676.

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Sun protection has gained worldwide attention because repetitive overexposure to ultraviolet radiation can result in harmful effects on human skin, including sunburn, premature skin ageing, and in the worst case, skin cancer (Eckhardt and Rohwer, 2000; Sengupta and Blain, 2001). The diminishing stratospheric ozone layer, due to environmental degradation in the past few decades, combined with the modern outdoor-oriented lifestyles, are leading to unexpected levels of skin cancer (Davis, Capjack, Kerr, and Fedosejevs, 1997). Wearing Ultraviolet protective clothing is a simple way of practicing sun safety; however, regular cotton generally has very low ultraviolet protection and it is one of the most environmentally damaging crops despite of it is commonly used to make summer clothing. With the increased interest of public awareness related to sustainability and environmental issues, naturally colored cotton was recommended as it provides better ultraviolet protection than regular cotton. In addition, the production of naturally colored cotton is more environmentally friendly than regular cotton. Although several studies have been conducted on the UVR protection of naturally colored cotton, many questions regarding the factors that influence the UVR protection of fabrics remain unanswered. The primary purpose of the study was to examine the effects of perspiration application, weathering exposures, washing action of automatic home clothes washers, and repeated laundering on the UVR protection of a NC lightweight cotton fabric. In addition, five fabric property changes in the test specimen after the treatments of perspiration, weathering exposure, washing action, and repeated laundering (i.e., fabric count change, thickness change, weight change, color change and dimensional change) were included in this study to serve as secondary dependent variables to examine if the four treatment factors (i.e., perspiration application, weathering exposures, washing action of automatic home clothes washers, and repeated laundering) will cause changes in these five fabric properties, and if these changes will lead to changes of UVR protection of NC lightweight cotton fabric. Based on the purpose and objectives of the study, a split-plot repeated measures experimental design was used for the current study. In this study, the whole plot treatment was the weathering exposure, which contained three levels (i.e., semi-tropical climate without water spray, semi-arid climate, and standard conditioning), and the split plot treatments were the combinations of two treatment factors. In order to understand the effects of repeated laundering on the UVR protection and the five fabric properties, except for the control group, all test specimens were laundered after being treated with the three treatment factors (i.e., perspiration, weathering exposure, and washing action), and this process was repeated 15 times. The UVR protection (i.e., express in UPF value change in current study) and the five fabric properties of these treated test specimens were measured before laundering, and after each laundering cycle. The results of UPF value change showed that test specimens treated with perspiration had a lower change in UPF value than the specimens without treatment. The test specimens exposed to Florida condition had the most UPF value change, followed by Arizona and Standard textile testing conditions. A significant difference also found in test specimens that laundered in a traditional washer after ninth cycle and the UPF value decreased as the number of laundering cycle increased. However, test specimens that laundered in a front-loading HE washer showed no significant UPF value change. For the five fabric properties that listed in secondary objective, all four treatments significantly influenced fabric count, fabric thickness and fabric weight. However, perspiration treatment had no significant effect on the dimensional change in warp direction of test specimens, and washing action had no significant effect on the dimensional change in filling direction of the test specimen as well as both Delta E and Delta L of color change. For testing the relationship between the changes of the five fabric properties and UPF value change, Delta E and Delta L of color change had the highest correlation coefficient with UPF value change. Therefore, it is possible that the changes of these two properties caused by the four treatments and lead to the UPF value change. Future research is needed to confirm this relationship. In conclusion, of perspiration application, weathering exposures, washing action of automatic home clothes washers, and repeated laundering do have influence on the ultraviolet protection of the naturally colored cotton. The color change of the test specimens caused by these four treatments possible lead to the change of the ultraviolet protection of the test specimens. More studies are needed to confirm this relationship.
Ph. D.

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31

Walliser, James C. "Trust in automated systems the effect of automation level on trust calibration." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/5628.

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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
Automated systems perform functions that were previously executed by a human. When using automation, the role of the human changes from operator to supervisor. For effective operation, the human must appropriately calibrate trust in the automated system. Improper trust leads to misuse and disuse of the system. The responsibilities of an automated system can be described by its level of automation. This study examined the effect of varying levels of automation and accuracy on trust calibration. Thirty participants were divided into three groups based on the system's level of automation and provided with an automated identification system. Within the Virtual Battlespace 2 environment, participants controlled the video feed of an unmanned aircraft while they identified friendly and enemy personnel on the ground. Results indicate a significant difference in the ability to correctly identify targets between levels of automation and accuracy. Participants exhibited better calibration at the management by consent level of automation and at the lower accuracy level. These findings demonstrate the necessity of continued research in the field of automation trust.

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Horák, Petr. "Pracoviště automatizované montáže O-kroužků a testovací stanice v robotizovaném pracovišti." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232189.

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The thesis proposes a workplace automatic assembly O-rings on the pneumatic valve. It was designed mechanism assembly, assembly testing, movement to test for leaks, flow measurement, transport valve through the workplace and economic calculation workplace.

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Mendy, Henri Joseph. "Etudes expérimentales et simulations des processus de corrosion aux interfaces matériaux métalliques-environnement." Thesis, Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EVRY0026/document.

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L’objectif de ce travail vise, à partir d’un modèle mésoscopique basé sur les automates cellulaires, qui prend en compte un petit nombre de processus simples, à interpréter les simulations numériques obtenues afin de mieux appréhender la complexité de la corrosion. Dans la première partie de ce mémoire, le modèle est appliqué à deux cas : un métal protégé par une couche isolante présentant un défaut et un métal recouvert d’une couche d’oxyde. Les réactions anodiques et cathodiques simulées peuvent se faire soit sur un même site (réactions localisées) soit sur deux sites différents (réactions spatialement séparées). L’étude des réactions localisées montre le détachement d’îlots métalliques au cours de la corrosion. Ces résultats correspondent à un phénomène mis en évidence expérimentalement l’effet chunk, responsable de déviations à la loi de Faraday. Il est montré que la vitesse effective de corrosion est amplifiée par la production des îlots résultant d’un couplage corrosion-érosion. Les réactions anodiques et cathodiques spatialement séparées sont ensuite étudiées montrant l’influence de la diffusion des espèces acido-basiques dans l’électrolyte et mettant en évidence, un régime initial où la solution reste homogène, suivi d’un régime limité par la diffusion où apparaissent des hétérogénéités chimiques engendrant des hétérogénéités physiques (rugosité du front). Le couplage entre les phénomènes chimiques et morphologiques est clairement démontré. Enfin dans une dernière partie, nous nous sommes attachés à mettre en évidence expérimentalement les déviations à la loi de Faraday dans le cas de la corrosion du zinc en milieu acide sulfurique
The aim of this study is, using a mesoscopic model based on cellular automata and taking into account a small number of simple processes, to explain numerical simulations obtained in order to better understand the complexity of corrosion. In the first part of this work, the model is used to simulate corrosion in a defect of material protected by an insulating layer and on a metal covered by an oxide layer. Anodic and cathodic reactions simulated in the model can take place in the same site (localized reactions) or in two different (spatially separated reactions) sites. Study of localized reactions shows the detachment of metallic islands during corrosion. These results correspond to a phenomenon which has been experimentally proven, named chunk effect, and is responsible of the deviation with Faraday’s law. It is shown that effective corrosion speed is enhanced by the production of islands resulting from corrosion-erosion coupling. Secondly studies of spatially separated reactions, have shown the influence of the diffusion of acid-basic species in the solution and have permitted to carry out, an initial regime characterised by an homogenous solution, followed by diffusion limited regime, where chemical heterogeneities leading to physical heterogeneities (roughness of the front) appear. The relationship between chemical and morphological phenomena is clearly demonstrated. Finally we have demonstrated experimental deviations with Faraday’s law in the case of zinc corrosion, in sulphuric acid medium

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Lawson, Daniel L. "Automation and Its Effects on the Workforce." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2010. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1768.

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Companies are constantly involved in automating processes to make them more efficient. Project details concentrate on corporate details. Little, if any, information is released about employees and how they are affected. This study is designed to determine if employees affected by the automation of a manufacturing or business process have a better life and consider themselves to be successful from their own perspective 5 years after the automation was completed. The study also established the things that helped and barriers that hindered their success. A survey was developed and sent to 63 individuals who have participated in a project to automate a manufacturing or business process. Their direct involvement could be through design, development, or general workforce operations. Plant operators and operations personnel were affected by automation in a much harsher manner than design and development personnel resulting in a greater need for future training.

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35

Cheng, Ching-ho Raymond, and 鄭澄河. "A case study of the development of automated teller machines in Hong Kong and its effects on the retail banking habits of Hong Kong people." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1985. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31263148.

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Kuckländer, Nina. "Synchronization via correlated noise and automatic control in ecological systems." Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2006. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2006/1082/.

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Subject of this work is the possibility to synchronize nonlinear systems via correlated noise and automatic control. The thesis is divided into two parts.
The first part is motivated by field studies on feral sheep populations on two islands of the St. Kilda archipelago, which revealed strong correlations due to environmental noise. For a linear system the population correlation equals the noise correlation (Moran effect). But there exists no systematic examination of the properties of nonlinear maps under the influence of correlated noise. Therefore, in the first part of this thesis the noise-induced correlation of logistic maps is systematically examined. For small noise intensities it can be shown analytically that the correlation of quadratic maps in the fixed-point regime is always smaller than or equal to the noise correlation. In the period-2 regime a Markov model explains qualitatively the main dynamical characteristics. Furthermore, two different mechanisms are introduced which lead to a higher correlation of the systems than the environmental correlation. The new effect of "correlation resonance" is described, i. e. the correlation yields a maximum depending on the noise intensity.
In the second part of the thesis an automatic control method is presented which synchronizes different systems in a robust way. This method is inspired by phase-locked loops and is based on a feedback loop with a differential control scheme, which allows to change the phases of the controlled systems. The effectiveness of the approach is demonstrated for controlled phase synchronization of regular oscillators and foodweb models.
Gegenstand der Arbeit ist die Möglichkeit der Synchronisierung von nichtlinearen Systemen durch korreliertes Rauschen und automatische Kontrolle. Die Arbeit gliedert sich in zwei Teile.
Der erste Teil ist motiviert durch Feldstudien an wilden Schafspopulationen auf zwei Inseln des St. Kilda Archipels, die starke Korrelationen aufgrund von Umwelteinflüssen zeigen. In einem linearen System entspricht die Korrelation der beiden Populationen genau der Rauschkorrelation (Moran-Effekt). Es existiert aber noch keine systematische Untersuchung des Verhaltens nichtlinearer Abbildungen unter dem Einfluss korrelierten Rauschens. Deshalb wird im ersten Teils dieser Arbeit systematisch die rauschinduzierte Korrelation zweier logistischer Abbildungen in den verschiedenen dynamischen Bereichen untersucht. Für kleine Rauschintensitäten wird analytisch gezeigt, dass die Korrelation von quadratischen Abbildungen im Fixpunktbereich immer kleiner oder gleich der Rauschkorrelation ist. Im Periode-2 Bereich beschreibt ein Markov-Modell qualitativ die wichtigsten dynamischen Eigenschaften. Weiterhin werden zwei unterschiedliche Mechanismen vorgestellt, die dazu führen, dass die beiden ungekoppelten Systeme stärker als ihre Umwelt korreliert sein können. Dabei wird der neue Effekt der "correlation resonance" aufgezeigt, d. h. es ergibt sich eine Resonanzkurve der Korrelation in Abbhängkeit von der Rauschstärke.
Im zweiten Teil der Arbeit wird eine automatische Kontroll-Methode präsentiert, die es ermöglicht sehr unterschiedliche Systeme auf robuste Weise in Phase zu synchronisieren. Die Methode ist angelehnt an Phase-locked-Loops und basiert auf einer Rückkopplungsschleife durch einen speziellen Regler, der es erlaubt die Phasen der kontrollierten Systeme zu ändern. Die Effektivität dieser Methode zur Kontrolle der Phasensynchronisierung wird an regulären Oszillatoren und an Nahrungskettenmodellen demonstriert.

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Pavelka, Radomil. "Pohon vřeten pětivřetenového soustružnického automatu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231522.

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The subject of the thesis is design of independent spindle drive for multi-spindle automatic lathe MORI-SAY TMZ 520 CNC manufactured by TAJMAC-ZPS. The thesis will introduce the representatives of manufacturing program of TAJMAC-ZPS multi-spindle automatic lathes division and there will be a brief description of their main constructional parts. The main objective of the thesis is an engineering design of testing device which will be bulit for verification of the correct drive concept. There is also many calculations and detailed description of the engineering design. The testing device is made for internal needs of TAJMAC-ZPS.

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Kafuněk, Jan. "Návrh robotizovaného pracoviště pro automatické utahování šroubů spoje opěradlo – sedák a spony pásu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231959.

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This diploma thesis deals with the problem of designing an automatic robotic workstation for automatic tightening screws connections seatback – seat and belt buckle. The research part of this thesis deals with current trends in the automotive industry, especially with the problem of assembling seats part, with focus on screwing. The design part of this thesis maps the process of designing two variants of an automatic robotic workstation. Special attention was given to the process of choosing the right industrial robot for the task, as well as to the construction of the end-effector and of the resulting 3D data. The right version of the workstation for the consecutive implementation was then chosen based on multi-criteria evaluation. The finishing touch of this thesis is a risk analysis for the implemented workstation.

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Anderson, Foery Kristen R. "Triggering the Lombard effect: Examining automatic thresholds." Connect to online resource, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1460856.

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Kaya, Muammer. "The effect of air flow rate and froth thickness on batch and continuous flotation kinetics /." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63358.

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Carmody, Meghan A. "Task-Dependent Effects of Automation: The Role of Internal Models in Performance, Workload, and Situational Awareness in a Semi-Automated Cockpit." Ft. Belvoir Defense Technical Information Center, 1994. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA292538.

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Johnson, Jason D. "Type of automation failure the effects on trust and reliance in automation /." Thesis, Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004:, 2004. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-11222004-141527/unrestricted/johnson%5Fjason%5Fd%5F200412%5Fmast.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Psychology, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005.
Dr. Arthur D. Fisk, Committee Chair ; Dr. Wendy A. Rogers, Committee Member ; Dr. Gregory M. Corso, Committee Member. Includes bibliographical references.

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Chappell, Sheryl Lee. "Experience and automation effects on failure detection /." The Ohio State University, 1996. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487941504292907.

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FUNKE, GREGORY J. "THE EFFECTS OF AUTOMATION AND WORKLOAD ON DRIVER PERFORMANCE, SUBJECTIVE WORKLOAD, AND MOOD." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1193000603.

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45

How, Whye Keong. "Automated detection of a crossing contact based on its Doppler shift." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2009/Mar/09Mar%5FHow.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in Engineering Acoustics)--Naval Postgraduate School, March 2009.
Thesis Advisor(s): Kapolka, Daphne ; Rice, Joseph. "March 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on April 23, 2009. Author(s) subject terms: Automated passive contact detection, Doppler shift, cross correlation, matched filter, velocity estimation, CPA range estimation Includes bibliographical references (p. 99). Also available in print.

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Cobb, John Spencer. "The effect of task load on the orienting of visual attention by auditory cues." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/30979.

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Benabdelhafid, Khalid. "Déficit budgétaire et variation du niveau général des prix : analyse théorique et empirique." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991CLF10102.

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L’incidence du déficit budgétaire (DB) sur le niveau général des prix (NGP) ne peut être appréciée qu’à travers les moyens de financement du solde budgétaire. Contrairement à l’idée largement répandue, le financement monétaire n’est pas nécessairement inflationniste. Il s’est avéré que le financement par emprunt peut avoir aussi une responsabilité dans la variation du NGP. Si la liaison DB-NGP demeure non univoque, la relation inverse s’est révélée plus qu’indispensable. Toute analyse de la politique budgétaire doit tenir compte des effets de l’inflation sur les postes budgétaires. La stratégie de désinflation des années 80 visant en autres l’assainissement des finances publiques, s’est heurtée dans un contexte de crise à une insuffisance des recettes fiscales. Dès lors les DB ont manifesté une certaine rigidité à la baisse
The effect of budget deficit on the general price level can be appreciated only in the context of financing means of the fiscal balance. Contrary to the widely held idea money finance is not necessarily inflationary. Bond finance turned out to have also an impact on the general price level variation. If the link budget deficit – price level is not univocal, the one in the reverse order turned out to be more than necessary. Every fiscal policy analysis must take into account the effects of inflation on budgted receipts and expenditures. The eighties disinflation policy – a policy also used to reform public finances – came up against an insufficiency of fiscal receipts in a crisis context. Thus budget deficits have shown a lowering inflexibility

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Santana, Bonilla Alejandro, Rafael Gutierrez, Sandonas Leonardo Medrano, Daijiro Nozaki, Alessandro Paolo Bramanti, and Gianaurelio Cuniberti. "Structural distortions in molecular-based quantum cellular automata: a minimal model based study." Royal Society of Chemistry, 2014. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A36371.

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Molecular-based quantum cellular automata (m-QCA), as an extension of quantum-dot QCAs, offer a novel alternative in which binary information can be encoded in the molecular charge configuration of a cell and propagated via nearest-neighbor Coulombic cell–cell interactions. Appropriate functionality of m-QCAs involves a complex relationship between quantum mechanical effects, such as electron transfer processes within the molecular building blocks, and electrostatic interactions between cells. The influence of structural distortions of single m-QCA are addressed in this paper within a minimal model using an diabatic-to-adiabatic transformation. We show that even small changes of the classical square geometry between driver and target cells, such as those induced by distance variations or shape distortions, can make cells respond to interactions in a far less symmetric fashion, modifying and potentially impairing the expected computational behavior of the m-QCA.

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Young, John A. "Effects of automated cartographic generalization on linear map features." Thesis, This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-12042009-020010/.

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Amini, Vadeghani Siros. "A simulation study of tooling effects in automated manufacturing." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6778.

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With advent of complex and expensive automated manufacturing systems tool management is becoming an important issue both in design and implementation phases. The use of highly automated technology has resulted in an increasing need to integrate tool management more thoroughly into other planning and operational issues of these systems. In this research effort a discrete events simulation model has been developed to analyze the system performance under different operational strategies. These strategies include three tool configurations; identical, nonidentical and hybrid, and two part loading patterns; batch and random loading. In addition, a new tool refilling concept, tool replenishing, is also examined. The replenishing concept consists of two policies; preventive and failure replenishing. The effects of shared and dedicated tooling policies have also been investigated. With the comparison of performance measures for each set of operational strategies, the mutual advantages and concerns of each of them are highlighted. Within the simulation scope, the shared tooling policy is significantly superior to the dedicated tooling policy. It is also shown that identical tool configuration outperforms the other tool configurations. These have been confirmed by statistical tests performed on the simulation results.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Automatic effects'

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