Academic literature on the topic 'Automatical controller of the text size'
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Journal articles on the topic "Automatical controller of the text size"
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Naik Dessai, Sanket Suresh. "Design and Implementation of an Ethernet MAC IP Core for Embedded Applications." International Journal of Reconfigurable and Embedded Systems (IJRES) 3, no. 3 (November 1, 2014): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijres.v3.i3.pp85-97.
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<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:RelyOnVML /> <o:AllowPNG /> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">An IP (intellectual property) core is a block of logic or data that is used in making a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) for a product. As essential elements of design reuse, IP cores are part of the growing electronic design automation (EDA) industry trend towards repeated use of previously designed components. Ethernet continues to be one of the most popular LAN technologies. Due to the robustness resulting from its wide acceptance and deployment, there has been an attempt to build Ethernet-based real-time control networks for manufacturing automation. There is a growing demand for low cost, power efficient MAC IP Core for various embedded applications.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; color: black; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In this paper a</span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"> project is discussed to design an Ethernet MAC IP Core solution for such embedded applications. The proposed 10_100_1000 Mbps tri-mode Ethernet MAC implements a MAC controller conforming to IEEE 802.3 specification. It is designed to use less than 2000 LCs/LEs to implement full function. It will use inferred RAMs and PADs to reduce technology dependence. To increase the flexibility, three optional modules can be added to or removed from the project. A GUI configuration interface, created by Tcl/tk script language, is convenient for configuring optional modules, FIFO depth and verification parameters. Furthermore, a verification system was designed with Tcl/tk user interface, by which the stimulus can be generated automatically and the output packets can be verified with CRC-32 checksum.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">A solution which would consume a smaller part of the targeted FPGA, and thus giving room for other on-chip peripherals or enable the use of a smaller sized FPGA. To employ a smaller FPGA is desirable since it would reduce power consumption and device price. </span></p> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables /> <w:SnapToGridInCell /> <w:WrapTextWithPunct /> <w:UseAsianBreakRules /> <w:UseFELayout /> </w:Compatibility> </w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]> <style>
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Lai, Jing Ming, Shi Hong Wang, Feng Xue, Ke Liu, and Jing Chen. "An Intelligent Instruments Management System for Test Instruments." Applied Mechanics and Materials 333-335 (July 2013): 2437–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.333-335.2437.
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Based on ARM embedded platform and WINCE system we developed an intelligent system oriented to test processes in the power supply industry. The intelligent instruments management system(IIMS) used RFID(Radio Frequency IDentification) technology and achieved the functions such as automatic instruments identification, automatic confirmation of the operators, the operations of warehouse site controller, electronic use records, etc. IIMS could be controlled remotely via LAN(Local area network). IIMS was applied to the test team in Dongguan Power Supply Bureau. The implemental results show that it greatly enhances instruments usage efficiency. The average time of check-in and check-out of each instrument in the regular operations drops from 69 seconds to 11 seconds. The implementation also shows that IIMS is responsive with stable performance.
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Hao, Niu Jun, Zhang Jing Yu, Cong Hu, and Yin Xian Hua. "Design of USB-GPIB Controller Based on up D7210." Advanced Materials Research 340 (September 2011): 104–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.340.104.
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In this paper, a designing method of USB-GPIB controller is introduced in detail, the hardware structure and principle are expounded. By using upD7210 which is a GPIB interface chip and CY7C68013A which is a USB interface controller, the GPIB bus controller with USB interface is designed. With the corresponding driver, an automatic test system is established to realize automatic control by GPIB bus. The USB-GPIB controller has been provided with small size, high speed, and low cost advantages.
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Bao, Wu. "The Design of Torsional Fatigue Life Test of Vehicle Steering Driveshaft." Applied Mechanics and Materials 456 (October 2013): 310–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.456.310.
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The torsion fatigue life test which aimed at the automotive steering shaft designs the test bed of micro-controller based on PIC16F877 and makes the accurate test methods possible. The installation of a torque sensor in series with the magnetic particle brake can detect feedback on the test load. A serial port communication between micro-controller and programmable power supply can automatically adjust the output of current size of programmable power supply, and make torsional load output by the magnetic particle brake constant. The system is not only accurate in statistics testing and capable of memorizing the number of tests but also low cost and of practical value.
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Lee, Posen, Ping-Chia Li, Chin-Hsuan Liu, Hung-Yu Lin, Chien-Yu Huang, and Ching-Lin Hsieh. "Practice Effects, Test–Retest Reliability, and Minimal Detectable Change of the Ruff 2 and 7 Selective Attention Test in Patients with Schizophrenia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 18 (September 7, 2021): 9440. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18189440.
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Background: The Ruff 2 and 7 Selective Attention Test (RSAT) is designed to measure selective attention. It tests automatic detection speed (ADS), automatic detection errors (ADE), automatic detection accuracy (ADA), controlled search speed (CSS), controlled search errors (CSE), and controlled search accuracy (CSA). The purpose of this study was to examine the test–retest reliability, practice effect, and minimum detectable change (MDC) of the RSAT in patients with schizophrenia. Methods: A total of 101 patients with schizophrenia completed the RSAT twice at a 4-week interval. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), paired t test, and effect size were used to examine the test–retest reliability and practice effect. The standard error of measurement (SEM) and MDC were calculated. Results: The difference scores between the two assessments were significant in all the indexes. The absolute effect sizes were 0.14 to 0.30. The ICCs of the RSAT ranged from 0.69 to 0.91. The MDC% in the indexes of ADS, ADA, and CSA of the RSAT were <30%. Conclusions: The RSAT is reliable for assessing selective attention in patients with schizophrenia. The RSAT has good to excellent test–retest reliability, a trivial to small practice effect, and indexes of ADS, ADA, and CSA, representing acceptable random measurement error.
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LEE, REN-GUEY, and KUANG-CHIUNG CHANG. "A SHORT MESSAGE SERVICE BASED DESIGN FOR A PORTABLE TELEALARM DEVICE." Biomedical Engineering: Applications, Basis and Communications 14, no. 03 (June 25, 2002): 109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4015/s1016237202000164.
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This paper presents an SMS based design in the GSM system for a portable, light weighted, and small sized TeleAlarm device. The device is composed of a transmitter and a controller. When an emergent situation such as a stroke or a fall occurs, the user only needs to push a button to trigger the controller. The controller automatically sends text messages stored in its database through the transmitter to specified mobile phone numbers for help. The SMS uses only the control channels in the GSM system to transfer the message, which enables the receiving-end user to receive it even during a call. An experimental test shows that a complete message transmission only needs 2.949 seconds in average. The design is convenient to elderly people who may live alone.
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Acemoglu, Alperen, Loris Fichera, Ibolya E. Kepiro, Darwin G. Caldwell, and Leonardo S. Mattos. "Laser Incision Depth Control in Robot-Assisted Soft Tissue Microsurgery." Journal of Medical Robotics Research 02, no. 03 (March 27, 2017): 1740006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2424905x17400062.
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This paper presents the concept of a technology for the automation of laser incisions on soft tissue, especially for application in Transoral Laser Microsurgery (TLM) interventions. The technology aims at automatically controlling laser incisions based on high-level commands from the surgeon, i.e. desired incision shape, length and depth. It is based on a recently developed robotic laser microsurgery platform, which offers the controlled motion of the laser beam on the surgical site. A feed-forward controller provides (i) commands to the robotic laser aiming system and (ii) regulates the parameters of the laser source to achieve the desired results. The controller for the incision depth is extracted from experimental data. The required energy density and the number of passes are calculated to reach the targeted depth. Experimental results demonstrate that targeted depths can be achieved with [Formula: see text]m accuracy, which proves the feasibility of this approach. The proposed technology has the potential to facilitate the surgeon’s control over laser incisions.
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Shen, Yue, Heping Zhu, Hui Liu, Yu Chen, and Erdal Ozkan. "Development of a Laser-Guided, Embedded-Computer-Controlled, Air-Assisted Precision Sprayer." Transactions of the ASABE 60, no. 6 (2017): 1827–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.12455.
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Abstract. An embedded computer-controlled, laser-guided, air-assisted, variable-rate precision sprayer was developed to automatically adjust spray outputs on both sides of the sprayer to match the presence, size, shape, and foliage density of tree crops in real time. The sprayer was the integration of an embedded computer, a touch screen, a 270° radial-range laser sensor, a travel speed sensor, a unique algorithm, a custom-designed automatic flow rate control unit, and 40 pulse-width-modulated (PWM) nozzles. The accuracy of the sprayer to detect different-sized trees and control the spray outputs of individual nozzles based on tree structures was tested in a commercial nursery. Spray deposition qualities between variable-rate and constant-rate operational modes of the sprayer were also compared. Test results demonstrated the capability of the sprayer to measure different trees accurately and then control the spray outputs of nozzles independently to match tree structure. The outline profile similarity of paired images taken with a digital camera and with the laser sensor for three trees ranged from 0.81 to 0.89. To spray trees of different sizes and shapes, the sprayer in variable-rate mode (VRM) consumed 12.1% to 43.3% of the spray volume that was used in constant-rate mode (CRM) with an application rate of 468 L ha-1. Moreover, the sprayer had 30% and 55% greater coverage areas per amount of spray deposits in VRM than in CRM. This innovative sprayer should have significant potential to reduce pesticide waste, provide sustainable crop protection to growers, and safeguard the environment. Keywords: Automation, Nursery, Orchard, Precision agriculture, Variable-rate sprayer.
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Xie, Dan Dan, Xiong Tong, Xian Xie, Kai Hou, and Ji Yong Li. "Efficient Application of Automation Technology in Thickener Process." Advanced Materials Research 1094 (March 2015): 441–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1094.441.
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The text mainly introduced the thickener’s front technology and also talked about the process of using flocculent addition and the emissions of underflow density presenting a more optimal automatic control scheme on the basis of the original automatic project. Using automatic control components like PLC programmable logic controller and the control elements of the inverter make the thickener in a whole closed-loop system for the flocculant addition and the density of the ore and the process of discharge. It will bring a positive side for our economic, social and ecological environment.
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Wahyudi, Erik, Hikmatul Amri, and Irwan Syarif. "SISTEM PENGEPAKAN DENGAN METODE SORTASI PENGATURAN KECEPATAN KONVEYOR BERDASARKAN UKURAN KEMASAN MENGGUNAKAN OUTSEAL PLC NANO V.4 DAN HAIWELL SCADA." Patria Artha Technological Journal 4, no. 2 (October 31, 2020): 101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.33857/patj.v4i2.356.
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The production process which is designed is a packaging system for the initial storage of products to be filled in the packaging, in this study a conveyor is designed that can sort objects using a proximity sensor and adjust the speed based on the size of the packaging using pulse width modulation (PWM), and can fill the packaging based on the size of the packaging. The product. Automatic control of packing using Outseal PLC Nano.V.4, the system can be controlled and monitored using Haiwell SCADA software on a PC. Outseal PLC nano V.4 test results can operate based on program commands that have been designed. The use of PWM Outseal PLC Nano V.4 on a 12 volt DC motor as a speed controller works in accordance with the duty cycle and PWM scale values given with an efficiency value of 86,56 % at at a PWM value of 900 and 86,23 % at a PWM value of 1023. HMI system made using Haiwell SCADA to control and monitor a successful packing system. Outseal PLC Nano V.4 can operate optimally with the SCADA system. The overall system test results of all sensor components, product packaging and HMI variables are 100 % successful, with an average processing time of packing size M for 11.62 seconds and size L for 14.58 seconds.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Automatical controller of the text size"
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Brunclík, Robert. "Automatická regulace velikosti písma podle vzdálenosti čtenáře." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-241995.
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The thesis deals with automatic control the font size by the distance from the reader. It includes theoretical acquaintance with the face detection and subsequent tracking of the detected area during the scene. Furthermore, there is a comparison of the tracking algorithms. Then the calculation of distance is decribed. It is based on the user’s calibration and based on the outcome occurs the font size is automatically corrected. There is also a description of a separate application Automatical controller of the text size, with the recommended settings of the program.
Conference papers on the topic "Automatical controller of the text size"
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Fisher, Aaron, James VanZwieten, and Nikolaos I. Xiros. "Station Keeping Adaptive Control of a Boat With Twin Gasoline Outboard Motors: Synthesis, Simulation and Sea-Trials." In ASME 2011 30th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2011-49827.
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There are increasingly more areas in which automatic station keeping technology can be of great benefit for small boat operators. This trend stems from technological advances that allow for smaller and more portable instrumentation and gear, bringing down the necessary size of vessels, which ultimately reduces cost. However, smaller vessels find themselves more adversely affected by sea conditions and have limited thrusting capabilities. Currently a skilled captain is needed on these small vessels to hold position over the area of interest in the presence of wind, wave, and current disturbances. Implementation of an automatic station keeping controller would free the captain from constantly monitoring the navigational instruments, to more closely supervise onboard operations and keep watch for other vessels in the area. Station keeping technology is currently being perused by Florida Atlantic University to enhance the ability of its 33ft boat to make oceanographic measurements in the Gulf Stream pertinent to its ocean energy projects. Such ocean energy projects require water velocity and temperature measurements at specific locations as part of the efforts for assessment of the hydrokinetic and ocean thermal resource. This technology is also a pivotal part of the sea basing goal currently being pursued by the Navy, which would allow vessels to stay in close but acceptable proximity to one another. The ability to hold position over a desired location can also have many additional uses such as for fishing, conducting surveys, deploying instruments, and transferring cargo or personnel. This text presents a novel approach for doing station keeping, as thus far a system for station keeping on small vessels using only tied twin outboard motors has not been developed and applied to an ocean going vessel by industry or academia. These controllers have been developed using multiple fixed-gain and adaptive control algorithms. Using a custom sensor and control system mounted onboard the test vessel; navigational measurements are used to adjust the throttles and engine angle using these developed algorithms. The performance of each of these controllers has been quantified using both numerical simulations and at sea testing. Using the results from these tests, initial comparisons have been made that show the advantages gained by using adaptive control algorithms instead of fixed-gain control.
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Xiao, Litian, Weiguo Wang, Kewen Hou, Mengyuan Li, Fei Wang, and Yuliang Li. "An Architecture of FPGA-Based Controller on Automatic Control System for Test and Launch in Launch Site." In the 2nd International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3207677.3278019.
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Vaudrey, Michael A., and William R. Saunders. "Control of Combustor Instabilities Using an Artificial Neural Network." In ASME Turbo Expo 2000: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/2000-gt-0529.
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It is well-known that phase-shifting controllers used for active combustion control must be manually adjusted in order to maintain control over a broad range of operating combustor operating conditions. If one assumes that the thermoacoustic instabilities are linearly stabilizable, then what is needed is a method to determine, and ultimately predict, the frequency response of the plant for any range of operating conditions, so the controller design can be automatically updated to track the changing plant gain/phase relationships that are observed with changing heat release. A unique test-based, design process has been proposed to predict the gain/phase characteristics required of a proportional, phase-shifting controller that can stabilize the thermoacoustic instabilities. In this paper, that process is used to automate the design of a fixed-gain feedback controller that limits the amplitudes of any feedback induced instabilities (to some pre-specified level) while providing the best control of the targeted limit cycling pressure oscillations. The paper describes how a neural network was trained, using the suggested design process, to predict the frequency response of the thermoacoustics in a tube combustor at frequencies adjacent to the limit cycle frequency using certain operating conditions that included a sparsely-sampled temperature profile, total air/fuel flow rate, and equivalence ratio. The neural net training was performed using complex valued, open-loop frequency response function data as the desired signal with the previously mentioned operating conditions as the input signals. (The open loop data was collected for a narrow frequency range surrounding the limit cycle instability by performing a sine dwell at discrete frequencies). Once the neural network was trained, it was used to predict the approximate phase and gain margins as a function of temperature and flow conditions. The margins were then used to automatically update and design a fixed shape feedback controller having the proper phase and magnitude to ensure stability and control in the face of changing operating conditions. A companion paper describes the methodology that underlies the automated design of the feedback controller gain and phase delay.
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Sasaki, Michiya, Haruyuki Ogino, Takeshi Ichiji, and Takatoshi Hattori. "Verification Test of Clearance Automatic Laser Inspection System for Surface Contamination Measurement." In ASME 2009 12th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2009-16109.
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Recently, a clearance automatic laser inspection system (CLALIS) has been developed for clearance measurement of scrap metals and concrete debris. It utilizes three-dimensional laser scanning, gamma-ray measurement and Monte Carlo calculation, and its outstanding detection ability has been verified. In Japan, when an object is removed from a radiation-controlled area, the activity level must be lower than the surface contamination density standard of 4 Bq/cm2 for beta and gamma emitters, which is one-tenth of the surface contamination density limit. According to the clearance inspection report published by the Nuclear Safety Commission of Japan, the activity level of waste must be compared with not only the clearance level but also the surface contamination density standard for clearance inspection. To demonstrate that CLALIS can also be used for the measurement of surface contamination, a verification test was carried out using actual metal waste samples of various shapes, sizes and activity levels at Kashiwazaki-Kariwa Nuclear Power Station of Tokyo Electric Power Company. As a result, it was clarified that CLALIS gives a conservative value for surface contamination compared with the conventional GM survey meter measurement. This because the activities of metal waste samples were estimated using the total count rate, a fixed average surface area of 100 cm2 and the conservative source position assumed in the Monte Carlo calculation for the calibration factor. In a nuclear power plant, the actual judgment of whether an object can removed from a radiation-controlled area is based on whether the result of surface contamination measurement is lower than the detection limit, which is significantly lower than 4 Bq/cm2. According to this criterion, CLALIS provides an almost identical judgment to the GM survey meter, which means that CLALIS can be used as a rational clearance monitor to carry out clearance level and surface contamination inspections in a single radiation measurement. The prospective detection limit for CLALIS at nuclear power plants is also discussed and compared with that for the conventional surface contamination monitors.
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Chen, Yuanyan, J. Jim Zhu, and Letian Lin. "Integrated Forward and Reverse Trajectory Tracking Control for Car-Like Ground Vehicle." In ASME 2019 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2019-9104.
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Abstract Conventional automatic trajectory tracking control technics for car-like ground vehicles typically decompose the controller into separate longitudinal driving control and lateral-directional steering control, owing to the nonholonomic kinematic constraint, highly nonlinear dynamics and control under-actuation of such vehicles. However, such decoupled control techniques inevitably impose operational constraints on agile maneuvers that may be critical in evading impending collisions, preventing loss-of-control of the vehicle, and special maneuvers that are needed for law enforcement missions. Thus, integrated three-Degree-of-Freedom (3DOF) tracking control of car-like ground vehicles are highly desirable but remains a challenging problem. There also appears to be a lack of research on automated reverse driving. In our previous work [ASME DSCC2017-5372, DSCC2018-9148], design and hardware validation test results of an integrated 3DOF trajectory tracking controller based on nonlinear kinematics and dynamics vehicle model using Trajectory Linearization Control (TLC) for forward driving have been reported. The present paper supplements that work with design and hardware validation test results on vehicle backward driving at fast and low speeds. The reverse driving control incurs minimal alteration to the original design with minimal tuning efforts due to the model-based TLC control approach, and it should be readily scaled-up to full-size vehicles and adapted to different types of autonomous ground vehicles with the knowledge of vehicles’ kinematics and dynamics parameters.
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Goodisman, M. I., M. L. G. Oldfield, R. C. Kingcombe, T. V. Jones, R. W. Ainsworth, and A. J. Brooks. "An Axial Turbobrake." In ASME 1991 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/91-gt-001.
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The Axial Turbobrake (Patent applied for) is a novel turbomachine which can be used to absorb power generated by test turbines. Unlike a compressor there is no pressure recovery through the turbobrake. This simplifies the aerodynamic design and enables high stage loadings to be achieved. The blades used have high turning two dimensional profiles. This paper describes a single stage axial turbobrake, which is driven by the exhaust gas of the test turbine and is isolated from the turbine by a choked throat. In this configuration no fast acting controls are necessary as the turbobrake operates automatically with the turbine flow. Tests on a 0.17 scale model, show that the performance is close to that predicted by a simple two-dimensional theory, and demonstrate that the turbobrake power absorption can be controlled and hence matched to that typically produced by the first stage of a modern highly loaded transonic turbine. A full size axial turbobrake will be used in a short duration rotating turbine experiment in an Isentropic Light Piston Tunnel at RAE Pyestock.
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Wang, Zhikui, Alan McReynolds, Carlos Felix, Cullen Bash, Christopher Hoover, Monem Beitelmal, and Rocky Shih. "Kratos: Automated Management of Cooling Capacity in Data Centers With Adaptive Vent Tiles." In ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-11747.
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In data centers with raised floor architecture, the floor tiles are typically perforated, delivering the cold air from the plenum to the inlets of equipment located in racks. The environment of these data centers is dynamic in that the workload and power dissipation fluctuate considerably over both short-term and long-term time scales. As such, airflow requirements vary continuously. However, due to labor costs and lack of expertise, the tiles are adjusted infrequently, and many data centers are grossly over provisioned for airflow in general and/or lack sufficient airflow delivery in certain local areas. This wastes energy and reduces data center thermal capacity. We have previously introduced Kratos, an Adaptive Vent Tile (AVT) technology that addresses this problem by automatically adjusting mechanical louvers mounted to the tiles in response to the needs of nearby IT equipment. Our initial results were limited to a 3-tile test bed that allowed us to prove concept but did not provide for scalability. This paper extends the previous work by expanding the size of the test bed to 28 tiles and 29 racks located in multiple thermal zones. We present experimental modeling results on the MIMO (Multi-Input Multi-Output) system and provide insights on the external behavior of the system through CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamic) analysis. We develop an MPC (Model-based Predictive Control) controller to maintain the temperatures of racks below the thresholds through vent tile tuning. Experimental results show that the controller can maintain the temperature below the thresholds while reducing overall cooling air requirements.
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Crane, Nathan B., J. Michael Gray, Sarah E. Mendelowitz, Jason W. Wheeler, and Alexander H. Slocum. "Design and Feasibility Testing of a Novel Device for Automatic Distraction Osteogenesis of the Mandible." In ASME 2004 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2004-57232.
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Mandibular distraction osteogenesis is a medical procedure for lengthening the mandible bone by stimulating natural bone-healing mechanisms via a mechanical device that exerts a force on the mandible in one or more directions. Many mandibular distraction devices must be placed externally and most rely on the patient to manually actuate the device each day. This project focuses on the design of an automatically actuated, single degree-of-freedom, implantable distraction device that would be minimally visible after installation. Such a device could reduce errors from patient compliance and would be an important first step toward increasing the capability of future devices. A simple motor and leadscrew system was used with a custom designed impact transmission and controller. A test was conducted on a prototype to determine the feasibility of the design and measure the overall system efficiency. The device was able to move the required 70 N load at a rate of about 1 mm per minute. Compared to an equivalent device utilizing a planetary gearhead to amplify the torque, the impact coupling is significantly less efficient. However, the necessary increase in battery size has only a small impact on the total device length. For a system with the same motor and force output, the impact coupling system is shorter than the gearhead-based system due to a 50% reduction in transmission length.
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Andreini, A., R. Da Soghe, B. Facchini, L. Mazzei, S. Colantuoni, and F. Turrini. "Local Source Based CFD Modeling of Effusion Cooling Holes: Validation and Application to an Actual Combustor Test Case." In ASME Turbo Expo 2013: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2013-94874.
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State-of-the-art liner cooling technology for modern combustion chambers is represented by effusion cooling (or full-coverage film cooling). Effusion is a very efficient cooling strategy typically based on the use of several inclined small diameter cylindrical holes, where liner temperature is controlled by the combined protective effect of coolant film and heat removal through forced convection inside each hole. A CFD-based thermal analysis of such components implies a significant computational cost if the cooling holes are included in the simulations, therefore many efforts have been made to develop lower order approaches aiming at reducing the number of mesh elements. The simplest approach models the set of holes as a uniform coolant injection, but it does not allow an accurate assessment of the interaction between hot gas and coolant. Therefore higher order models have been developed, such as those based on localized mass sources in the region of hole discharge. The model presented in this paper replaces the effusion hole with a mass sink on the cold side of the plate, a mass source on the hot side, whereas convective cooling within the perforation is accounted for with a heat sink. The innovative aspect of the work is represented by the automatic calculation of the mass flow through each hole, obtained by a run time estimation of isentropic mass flow with probe points, while the discharge coefficients are calculated at run time through an in-house developed correlation. In the same manner the heat sink is calculated from a Nusselt number correlation available in literature for short length holes. The methodology has been applied to experimental test cases of effusion cooling plates and compared to numerical results obtained through a CFD analysis including the cooling holes, showing a very good agreement. A comparison between numerical results and experimental data was performed on an actual combustor as well, in order to prove the feasibility of the procedure.
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Zhu, Yunming, Guicheng Wang, Pingkuan Zhang, Lijie Ma, and Chunyan Zhang. "A Study on Burr Formation and Controlling Technology in Precision or Ultra-Precision Drilling." In 2007 First International Conference on Integration and Commercialization of Micro and Nanosystems. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnc2007-21489.
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Burr formation is a common phenomena in metal cutting. The burr not only effect precision of parts directly but influence the assembly quality badly. Therefore, the control and deburring technology of machining burrs has become one of the key problem in precision or ultra-precision and automatic procession. In traditional drilling, the exit burr is bigger than the entrance burr, and its hazard is more larger. Moreover deburring process is very complex. According to these status quo, a new method of active control of the exit burr is put forward using vibration drilling. Mechanism of chip broken and burr formation in vibration drilling are analysed systematically and an equipment of vibration drilling is developed based on drilling experiment. Cutting test on A3 material, brass (H62) and 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel is carried out using the method of vibration drilling. As a result, cutting character is improved because of the using of this method. Also, machining accuracy and surface integrality of parts are improved remarkably and the size of the exit burr is controlled effectively in vibration drilling. The development of vibration drilling device provides a new approach for the progress of ultra-precision drilling technology. Vibration drilling device and technology developed in this study can be widely used to ultra-precision machining.