To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Automobiles Trucks.
Journal articles on the topic 'Automobiles Trucks'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Automobiles Trucks.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Garrott, W. R., and D. A. Guenther. "Determination of Tire-Road Friction Coefficients for Skid Mark Analysis." Tire Science and Technology 13, no. 1 (January 1, 1985): 41–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2346/1.2150987.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract An experimental study was made to compare the validities of methods currently used by accident reconstructionists to determine the coefficient of friction between the road and the vehicle tires at the time of an incident. This value could then be used in conjunction with skid mark length and vehicle weight to calculate the prebraking speed of the vehicle. Three automobiles and three trucks with a variety of tires and loadings were used on a variety of pavements. The accuracy and area of applicability of each of four methods for obtaining friction coefficients were determined by relating the prebraking speed calculated from each to the actual speed at the time of brake application. All four methods were satisfactory for automobiles and the pickup truck used, but only two were acceptable for heavy trucks. The most valid coefficients are obtained from skid mark lengths obtained under conditions duplicating those in an incident.
2
Lutsey, Nicholas, Christie-Joy Brodrick, Daniel Sperling, and Harry A. Dwyer. "Markets for Fuel-Cell Auxiliary Power Units in Vehicles: Preliminary Assessment." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1842, no. 1 (January 2003): 118–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1842-14.
Full textAbstract:
Fuel cells are widely expected to replace internal combustion engines in vehicles. However, their high initial costs preclude their introduction into the mass market for some time. A new approach is needed that focuses on niche markets. The potential use of fuel cells in auxiliary power units (APUs) on board various types of automobiles and trucks— in luxury passenger automobiles, law enforcement vehicles, contractor trucks, specialized utility trucks, recreational vehicles, refrigerated trucks, and line-haul heavy-duty trucks—is explored. Power requirements, volume and weight targets, costs, market sizes, and potential benefits for several fuel cell technologies and fuels are analyzed. The attributes of market applications are matched with fuel cell attributes to assess the market potential of fuel-cell APUs. Although data are insufficient and more analysis is needed, several market applications apparently could play key roles in introducing fuel cell technologies to the transportation sector.
3
Vishwa Krishna., R., R. Suwathy., M. Pragadeesh., and M. Venkatesan. "Drag reduction in a class 8 truck - scaled down model." MATEC Web of Conferences 172 (2018): 01003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201817201003.
Full textAbstract:
Trucks are heavy load vehicles used mainly for commercial transport operations. There are several classes of heavy duty commercial vehicles classified based on the weight loaded. More than 50% of the engine output power in such trucks is utilized to overcome the drag. Drag force in automobiles is the resistance offered by air on vehicles at higher speeds. Class 8 trucks suffer higher drag when compared to other classes. In the present work, a numerical model is developed using a commercial code ANSYS FLUENT to predict the drag coefficient value. The effects of gap width and cab front radius with a constant fairing is analysed using the numerical model developed. A Class 8 model truck with minimal drag coefficient having constant fairing and optimized gap width between the trailer and cab is proposed.
4
Barnes, Gary, and Peter Langworthy. "Per Mile Costs of Operating Automobiles and Trucks." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1864, no. 1 (January 2004): 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1864-10.
Full text
5
Iranitalab, Amirfarrokh, Yashu Kang, and Aemal Khattak. "Modeling the Probability of Hazardous Materials Release in Crashes at Highway–Rail Grade Crossings." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2672, no. 10 (June 21, 2018): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118780885.
Full textAbstract:
Crashes at Highway–Rail Grade Crossings (HRGCs) that involve a truck or a train carrying hazardous materials (hazmat) expose people and the environment to potentially severe consequences of hazmat release. This research involved statistical modeling of the probability of hazmat release from trucks and/or trains in crashes at HRGCs to identify factors associated with hazmat release. The Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) HRGC crash dataset (2007–2016) yielded two subsets of crashes: 1) those involving hazmat-carrying trucks, and 2) those involving hazmat-carrying trains. Results from a logistic regression model using data subset 1 (crashes involving hazmat-carrying trucks) with hazmat release/no release as the response variable showed that standard flashing signal lights, railroad crossbucks, and railroad classes II and III (relative to railroad class I) were associated with lower hazmat release probability from hazmat-carrying trucks. Hazmat release probability from trucks was higher with freight train involvement. Results from a logistic regression model using data subset 2 (crashes involving hazmat-carrying trains) revealed that hazmat release probability from trains was lower with warmer temperature. However, the probability of release from trains was greater with railroad class II (relative to railroad class I), type of highway user (different types of trucks and motorcycle relative to automobiles), and weather conditions (fog, sleet or snow, relative to clear). A comparison of the results from this study with HRGC crash severity studies highlighted the importance and usefulness of this study.
6
Maciołek, Tadeusz. "A mobile catenary power supply system for automotive vehicles." MATEC Web of Conferences 180 (2018): 01001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201818001001.
Full textAbstract:
Trolleybus type power supply using a two-pole overhead catenary system has been used for over one hundred years. However, energy demand in this type of road transport is the lowest. The main disadvantage of this type of transport is the lack of flexibility. Road electric vehicles equipped with batteries, which are now more and more often being put into service, allow for autonomous run on the roads without overhead contact wires. Therefore, it is possible to use them in a more flexible manner. The main problem is a limited range of autonomous run and long charge time of batteries. The paper presents a concept consisting in the application of an overhead catenary for supplying electric and hybrid vehicles (including automobiles) when a vehicle is in motion (mobile charging). Electric trucks are equipped with controlled current collectors allowing for connection with an overhead catenary during driving. Application of this solution to automobiles is rather impossible, which prevents them from being supplied directly from a catenary. The basis of the original concept presented in the paper is the creation of automobile convoys supplied via a truck equipped with current collectors. A description of the proposed system and an algorithm of its operation are presented in the paper. The discussed transport system has significant advantages in comparison to completely autonomous electric vehicles: increased range of driving with lower capacity of batteries on board and flexibility of use, longer life-time of batteries, lower energy consumption. The paper compares the proposed system with the currently used ones, which employ charging of automobiles during stops, but also underlines the advantages of the first solution.
7
Cabral, Ana Beatriz Paes Barretto, Marcelo Roberto Ventura Dias de Mattos Bezerra, and Jean Marcel de Faria Novo. "Controls at the starting point for preventing accidents in the road transport of dangerous products / Controles no ponto de partida para prevenção de acidentes no transporte rodoviário de produtos perigosos." Brazilian Journal of Development 7, no. 4 (April 7, 2021): 35560–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.34117/bjdv7n4-154.
Full textAbstract:
This article discusses activities related to the prevention of road accidents with dangerous products that precede trips by tank truck drivers. The Brazilian normative framework (laws, decrees, and norms), the Haddon Matrix as a systemic prevention model, and the premises of the Olho Vivo nas Estradas Program of the Brazilian Chemical Industry Association constitute the conceptual bases of the research. The empirical approach consists of semi-structured interviews with drivers of a fuel distributor who travel along the BR-116. The results indicate that the company has training practices and disclosure of recent accidents. The workgroup dominates the normative knowledge and preventive procedures, being the main concern of the interviewees with the carelessness practiced by drivers who travel the roads in all types of vehicles (trucks, automobiles, motorcycles).
8
Yang, Fan, Deming Yang, Zhiming He, Yuanhua Fu, and Kui Jiang. "Automobile Fine-Grained Detection Algorithm Based on Multi-Improved YOLOv3 in Smart Streetlights." Algorithms 13, no. 5 (May 2, 2020): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a13050114.
Full textAbstract:
Upgrading ordinary streetlights to smart streetlights to help monitor traffic flow is a low-cost and pragmatic option for cities. Fine-grained classification of vehicles in the sight of smart streetlights is essential for intelligent transportation and smart cities. In order to improve the classification accuracy of distant cars, we propose a reformed YOLOv3 (You Only Look Once, version 3) algorithm to realize the detection of various types of automobiles, such as SUVs, sedans, taxis, commercial vehicles, small commercial vehicles, vans, buses, trucks and pickup trucks. Based on the dataset UA-DETRAC-LITE, manually labeled data is added to improve the data balance. First, data optimization for the vehicle target is performed to improve the generalization ability and position regression loss function of the model. The experimental results show that, within the range of 67 m, and through scale optimization (i.e., by introducing multi-scale training and anchor clustering), the classification accuracies of trucks and pickup trucks are raised by 26.98% and 16.54%, respectively, and the overall accuracy is increased by 8%. Secondly, label smoothing and mixup optimization is also performed to improve the generalization ability of the model. Compared with the original YOLO algorithm, the accuracy of the proposed algorithm is improved by 16.01%. By combining the optimization of the position regression loss function of GIOU (Generalized Intersection Over Union), the overall system accuracy can reach 92.7%, which improves the performance by 21.28% compared with the original YOLOv3 algorithm.
9
Reid, John D., Dean L. Sicking, Ronald K. Faller, and Brian G. Pfeifer. "Development of a New Guardrail System." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1599, no. 1 (January 1997): 72–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1599-09.
Full textAbstract:
The W-beam guardrail system has been the standard in the United States since the late 1950s and has proved to perform reasonably well under most impact conditions. However, in recent years the vehicle fleet has changed to include a relatively large percentage of light trucks, such as pickups, vans, and sport-utility vehicles. These vehicles have a higher center of mass and bumper mounting height than conventional automobiles and have been shown to have higher rollover and injury rates during guardrail accidents than conventional automobiles. Standard W-beam guardrails were not designed to capture the bumper of many of these vehicles. In recognition of the potential safety problems associated with light-truck accidents, safety performance standards were recently changed with the publication of NCHRP Report 350, Recommended Procedures for the Safety Performance Evaluation of Highway Features. These performance standards require all new safety hardware to be tested with a full-size three-quarter-ton pickup to ensure acceptable performance for most vehicles in the light-truck category. In recognition of this, a guardrail system capable of capturing and redirecting a larger range of vehicle types and sizes was developed. A new guardrail system, called the Buffalo Rail, was designed with a new cross-sectional shape with an effective depth of 311 mm (compared to 194 mm for the W-beam), a rail thickness of 13 gauge, and a post spacing of 2500 mm. The safety performance of the Buffalo Rail was found to be acceptable according to the procedures and criteria recommended for the three-quarter-ton pickup truck at Test Level 3 in NCHRP Report 350.
10
Fischer, Michael J., Dike N. Ahanotu, and Janine M. Waliszewski. "Planning Truck-Only Lanes: Emerging Lessons from the Southern California Experience." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1833, no. 1 (January 2003): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1833-10.
Full textAbstract:
Recent efforts to develop truck-only facilities in the United States are discussed. The rationale for truck-only highways is described, and the history of efforts to separate trucks and automobiles on the nation's roadways is presented. The truck lane program of the Southern California Association of Governments is one of the most ambitious programs of its type in the United States. Preliminary analysis of truck lanes for SR-60 and I-710 is described. SR-60 is an east–west corridor linking downtown Los Angeles with the warehouse and manufacturing districts of the San Gabriel Valley and the Inland Empire. 1-710 is the major access route to the ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach. Both freeways each have one of the highest truck volumes in California, and truck mobility on these corridors is a significant problem. Truck lane projects on SR-60 and I-710 are in the feasibility analysis stage and much has been learned in these early studies. Various issues are addressed, including the trade-off between limiting access to improve operational costs and limit capital costs, need to generate demand, time-of-day distribution of truck traffic and its relationship to potentially benefit truck mobility, and need for improved analytical tools. Also described are issues related to facility design and configuration, demand analysis, and toll analysis.
11
Zhu, Nan, and Chang Hai Shi. "Manufacture of Copper-Niobium High-Intensity ADI Driving/Driven Spiral Bevel Gears for Load-Carrying Trucks." Applied Mechanics and Materials 488-489 (January 2014): 892–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.488-489.892.
Full textAbstract:
This paper discusses utilizing Austempered Ductile Iron (ADI) to manufacture driving/driven spiral bevel gears for big-horsepower (under 350 Hp) heavy truck rear axles, which is a breakthrough in China. Through the carry out of focused research and experiments on main craft process key points of the components, and with all-round analysis to technical/quality outcome achieved, the authors have finally developed this new generation copper-niobium alloy ADI main/sub spiral bevel gear that is suitable for heavy truck (under 350 HP) rear axle uses. While being able to replace 22CrMo and 18CrMnTi alloy forged steels in use, this new gear has also achieved replacing forging & steel with casting & iron. Cutting of two main process steel-making and steel-rolling has not only raised production efficiency, but also lowered the its cost. At current, rear axle spiral bevel gears for automobiles in China are manufactured through forging, with 40Cr18CrMnTi22CrMo as key materials; cemented quenching and tempering techniques are applied in the production process.This method is also used in manufacturing of driving/driven spiral bevel gears for trucks rear axles. Such combination of high-quality steel and forging means high material cost, complicated process, and production inefficiency.
12
Lee, Keyju, Junjae Chae, and Jinwoo Kim. "A Courier Service with Electric Bicycles in an Urban Area: The Case in Seoul." Sustainability 11, no. 5 (February 27, 2019): 1255. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11051255.
Full textAbstract:
Various factors must be considered when running a courier service in an urban area, because the infrastructure of a city differs from those in suburban or countryside areas. Of note, population density is higher, and vehicles encounter greater restrictions. Moreover, air pollution from fossil fuel combustion is more severe. As tailpipe emissions are becoming costly to both corporations and the environment, researchers are increasingly exploring more appealing transportation options. Electric bicycles have become an important mode of transportation in some countries in the past decade. Electric bicycles and automobiles have their respective merits and demerits when used to provide courier services. E-bikes in particular can ply their trade in densely packed areas that are off-limits to cars and trucks. This paper focuses on (1) developing a truck–bike mixture model to reduce operating costs for an existing truck-only service by replacing some of the trucks with bicycles, and (2) exploring the resulting effects in terms of reducing overall carbon emissions. Data from one of the major courier companies in South Korea were utilized. The problem was tackled as a heterogeneous fleet vehicle routing problem using simulated annealing because the actual size of the problem cannot be solved directly with a mathematical approach. The most effective fleet mix was found for the company’s case. Effects on operating costs and reduced emissions were analyzed for 15 different scenarios with varying demands and off-limits areas. Computational results revealed that the new model is viable from economic and sustainability standpoints. They indicated that costs decrease to varying degrees in all scenarios, and that carbon emissions also decrease by around 10% regardless of the selected scenario.
13
Hoffmeister, K., and J. Bernard. "Tread Pitch Arrangement Optimization Through the Use of a Genetic Algorithm." Tire Science and Technology 26, no. 1 (January 1, 1998): 2–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2346/1.2135956.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Urban communities throughout the United States and Europe are expressing a growing concern over the external noise emitted by automobiles and trucks. A major contribution to this noise can be tread whine generated by tires. This paper discusses how the tread pitch arrangement and its contribution to reducing tread whine can be optimized during the design phase. While there are numerous patented approaches to selecting pitch sizes and a pitch arrangement, traditional optimization algorithms are difficult to apply. This paper will show that a genetic algorithm is easily applied and very effective for pitch sequence optimization.
14
Singaram, Lakshmanan. "Biodiesel: An eco-friendly alternate fuel for the future: A review." Thermal Science 13, no. 3 (2009): 185–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci0903185s.
Full textAbstract:
In today's society, researchers around the world are searching for ways to develop alternate forms of fuel. With the ever-rising fuel costs, developing alternate energy is a top priority. Biodiesel was developed to combat the high gas and oil prices. It is especially made for use in diesel cars and trucks. Biodiesel can be made from all natural foods that can produce oil. Oils such as vegetable, canola, peanut, rapeseed, palm, and olive oil can be used as bio diesel fuel. Virtually all oils that are used in the kitchens everyday can fuel automobiles. Biodiesel fuel is better for the environment because it burns cleaner and does not pollute the atmosphere. It is non-toxic and biodegradable, making it the perfect fuel. Many car manufacturers are realizing that the bio diesel automobile is becoming more popular, and are jumping on the bandwagon, by developing their own version of a biodiesel vehicle. They realize that the need for these vehicles will increase, and predict that they will be ready for the onslaught. Diesel engines have superior fuel efficiencies, and hence they are predominantly used in commercial transportation and agricultural machinery. Due to the shortage of diesel fuel and its increasing costs, a need for an alternate source of fuel for diesel engines is imminent. This paper investigates the suitability of biodiesels as such an alternative with particular reference to automobiles. It reviews techniques used to produce biodiesel and provides a comprehensive analysis of the benefits of using biodiesel over other fuels.
15
Ahrens, Marty. "Local Fire Department Responses to Fires Involving Automobiles, Buses, and Larger Trucks: 2006-2010 Estimates." SAE International Journal of Transportation Safety 1, no. 1 (April 8, 2013): 46–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2013-01-0210.
Full text
16
Silva, Karen Leandra Ávila da, Marcelo Félix Alonso, and Lucijacy Pereira de Oliveira. "ANÁLISE DAS EMISSÕES ATMOSFÉRICAS DE FONTES MÓVEIS PARA A CIDADE PELOTAS – RS." Ciência e Natura 38 (July 20, 2016): 347. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2179460x20256.
Full textAbstract:
This study aimed to establish an vehicular emissions inventory to the Pelotas city, for the 2012 base year. An analysis of vehicular emissions was proposed to the CO, NOx and NMHC atmospheric pollutants, following the methodology proposed by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The vehicle fleet data was obtained from the National Traffic Department (DENATRAN-RS), resumed in five vehicle categories (light vehicles, light commercial vehicles, trucks, motorcycle and bus). The categorization of fuel consumed (gasoline, alcohol, biofuel and diesel) follows distribution obtained from the National Agency of Vehicle Manufacturer (Anfavea) and emission factors have been corrected by the deterioration factor, according to the methodology proposed in the National Inventory of vehicle emissions. As evidenced in inventory results, automobiles (totaling 59% of Pelotas fleet) accounted for approximately 63% of the emission of CO and 72% of NMHC emissions. As expected, the heavy vehicles (trucks / buses) accounted for 76% of NOx emissions in the city. It was estimated that the fleet vehicle Pelotas emits 11,497 tonnes of CO, 3,727 tons of NOx and 2,280 tons of NMHC.
17
James, Joan L., and Karl E. Kim. "Restraint Use by Children Involved in Crashes in Hawaii, 1986–1991." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1560, no. 1 (January 1996): 8–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198196156000102.
Full textAbstract:
The use of child safety seats for crash-involved children in Hawaii from 1986 through 1991 is described. Child safety seat use increased over this period, whereas unrestrained children and belt use for children decreased. Male drivers are more likely to have unrestrained infants; female drivers are more likely to have unrestrained toddlers. Toddlers are more likely to be unrestrained in automobiles and trucks, and infants are more likely to be unrestrained in vans, on the freeway, during nighttime hours, and in urban areas. Child-restraint use for infants is twice the rate for toddlers, and infants are less likely to suffer nonincapacitating, incapacitating, and fatal injuries. A logistic regression model shows that children riding in automobiles are less likely to be restrained; belted drivers are far more likely to restrain children; and one- and two-year-olds are less likely to be restrained. Separate logistic regressions for crash types reveals that restrained children are less likely to suffer a non-incapacitating, incapacitating, or fatal injury in head-on and rear-end crashes and more likely to sustain injuries in broadside crashes.
18
Billera, Domenick, Bela Schmidt, and Wayne Miller. "Stop the Whine!: Narrow-Band Noise Level Measurements of Three Highway Pavements." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1601, no. 1 (January 1997): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1601-11.
Full textAbstract:
The origins of an annoying high-pitched sound emitted by highway traffic were investigated. Wayside noise levels of single vehicles passing over three types of pavement surfaces were measured using real traffic. Data based on a statistically significant number of samples are presented for automobiles and heavy trucks. All data were collected using a realtime analyzer with 1/3-and 1/12-octave band resolution. The measured data confirmed the transverse grooved pavement as the noisiest with a noticeable concentration of sound, often described as a “whine.” Data for the asphalt and longitudinally grooved surfaces indicated lower overall noise levels and a near absence of the whine.
19
Rogge, Wolfgang F., Lynn M. Hildemann, Monica A. Mazurek, Glen R. Cass, and Bernd R. T. Simoneit. "Sources of fine organic aerosol. 2. Noncatalyst and catalyst-equipped automobiles and heavy-duty diesel trucks." Environmental Science & Technology 27, no. 4 (April 1993): 636–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es00041a007.
Full text
20
Hildemann, Lynn M., Gregorry R. Markowski, Michael C. Jones, and Glen R. Cass. "Submicrometer Aerosol Mass Distributions of Emissions from Boilers, Fireplaces, Automobiles, Diesel Trucks, and Meat-Cooking Operations." Aerosol Science and Technology 14, no. 1 (January 1991): 138–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02786829108959478.
Full text
21
Wang, Qian, and Jinge Hu. "Behavioral Analysis of Decisions in Choice of Commercial Vehicular Mode in Urban Areas." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2269, no. 1 (January 2012): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2269-07.
Full textAbstract:
The decisions of vehicular mode choice by businesses and commercial sectors in urban areas are addressed with attention to the unique trip-chaining behavior of commercial vehicles. Travel diary data from a collection of large-scale commercial vehicles in the Denver, Colorado, metropolitan area were used for analysis. Four types of travel activities were surveyed: business meetings, pickup and drop-off of people, pickup and delivery of cargo, and service calls. The survey results indicated that automobiles, pickup trucks, sport utility vehicles, single-unit trucks, and combination trucks were the main vehicular modes for travel with commercial purposes. The original survey data were sorted into trip-based and tour-based data sets for measuring commercial vehicle travel activities. A “trip” is defined as travel from one stop to another, and a “tour” is an entire travel journey starting from and ending at the home base of a vehicle with visits to various locations of interest. Discrete choice modeling techniques, particularly multinomial logit and nested logit models, were used to quantify the relationship between decisions on the choice of commercial vehicular mode and their affecting factors, and the two data sets were used separately. The modeling results indicate that mode choice by the commercial sector is travel specific, territory dependent, and cargo sensitive and varies by company. As proved by the comparison of trip-based and tour-based models, the tour is an intuitively and quantitatively better unit for measuring the travel activities of commercial vehicles and for modeling behavior of mode choice of the commercial sectors.
22
Benhammouda, Brahim, and Hector Vazquez-Leal. "Analytical Solution of a Nonlinear Index-Three DAEs System Modelling a Slider-Crank Mechanism." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2015 (2015): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/206473.
Full textAbstract:
The slider-crank mechanism (SCM) is one of the most important mechanisms in modern technology. It appears in most combustion engines including those of automobiles, trucks, and other small engines. The SCM model considered here is an index-three nonlinear system of differential-algebraic equations (DAEs), and therefore difficult to integrate numerically. In this work, we present the application of the differential transform method (DTM) to obtain an approximate analytical solution of the SCM model in convergent series form. In addition, we propose a posttreatment of the power series solution with the Padé resummation method to extend the domain of convergence of the approximate series solution. The main advantage of the proposed technique is that it does not require an index reduction and does not generate secular terms or depend on a perturbation parameter.
23
Chonhenchob, Vanee, Sher Paul Singh, Jay Jagjit Singh, Joseph Stallings, and Gary Grewal. "Measurement and Analysis of Vehicle Vibration for Delivering Packages in Small-Sized and Medium-Sized Trucks and Automobiles." Packaging Technology and Science 25, no. 1 (June 21, 2011): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pts.955.
Full text
24
Saha Podder, Arijit, and Amritraj Bhanja. "Applications of Stainless Steel in Automobile Industry." Advanced Materials Research 794 (September 2013): 731–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.794.731.
Full textAbstract:
Mounting energy crisis, stringent emission law and strict safety rules have guided car manufacturers to improve strength/weight ratio of the vehicle, thereby promoting several applications of stainless steels in the car body. Moreover, use of stainless steels also improves aesthetics and minimizes life cycle cost. In automobiles, presently 45-50% of stainless steels are used in exhaust systems. To improve efficiency, complex designs are being used and performance criteria of the material are getting tougher. New techniques such as tube hydroforming are also being explored using austenitic stainless steel for the complicated designs utilizing the benefits of high ductility of these grades. Since corrosion resistance remains fundamental requirement for these applications, selection of grades and stabilizing elements are critical for such applications and depend primarily on operating conditions. Different grades and effect of their composition on elevated temperature strength, creep strength, endurance limit and corrosion resistance are presented. Stainless steels are also being used in other applications such as fuel tank, bumper, chassis for buses and trucks. With the development of new varieties of austenitic, ferritic and martensitic stainless steels, automotive industry is intensively exploring their potential.
25
Hood, Jacqueline N., Tim Olivas, Chuck B. Slocter, Barry Howard, and David P. Albright. "Vulnerability Assessment Through Integrated Transportation Analysis." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1822, no. 1 (January 2003): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1822-03.
Full textAbstract:
Vulnerability assessment is the analysis of a system for weaknesses that could be exploited and the determination of the probability of an attack on those weaknesses. Transportation vulnerability assessment is concerned with our transportation system. Highway, bridge, airport, rail, transit, and intermodal infrastructure are part of our transportation system. Automobiles, trucks, airplanes, trains, and transit vehicles are part of our transportation system. People of all walks of life, in every city and state, are part of our transportation system. Vulnerability assessment includes people involved in all modes of our transportation system at all levels of government and the private sector. Because our responsibility is as extensive as it is essential and enduring, vulnerability assessment is critical if we are to use our resources to provide safe, secure, and reliable transportation. Described is the vulnerability-assessment process in use in New Mexico and its relationship to integrated transportation analysis.
26
Hoeft, Stephen, and Robert Fletcher. "Analysis of size-segregated samples from vehicular exhaust using laser microprobe mass spectrometry." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 50, no. 2 (August 1992): 1708–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100133175.
Full textAbstract:
Because of their potential adverse health effects, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are significant environmental pollutants. Many studies have demonstrated the presence of PAHs in vehicular exhaust by using chromatographic analysis techniques on filter samples. Most of these studies do not correlate the aerosol size distribution with that of the composition and occurrence of the PAHs, other than collecting the aerosol into a 'coarse' and a 'fine' (< 2.5 μm diameter) fraction and then determining the PAH content for each fraction. The goal of this study is to characterize the 'fine' fraction aerosol by further segregating it into six size fractions and then using laser microprobe mass spectrometry (LMMS) to analyze each fraction.Samples were collected from the exhaust rooms of traffic tunnels at the Fort McHenry Tunnel in Baltimore, Maryland. This highway tunnel complex separates heavy diesels (trucks) from automobiles. Since each traffic tunnel is independently ventilated, it is possible to collect samples of emissions from either type of vehicular traffic.
27
Bauer, Mariano, and Elizabeth Mar. "Transport and Energy Demand in the Developing World: The Urgent Alternatives." Energy & Environment 16, no. 5 (September 2005): 825–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/095830505774478521.
Full textAbstract:
The appeal of individual mobility provided today by automobiles and light trucks with internal combustion engines, makes transportation the sector most resilient to a fuel substitution away from its dependence on oil. While the number of vehicles per capita and the distance traveled per vehicle are approaching saturation levels in the industrialized countries (IEA 2002), increases in population and income per capita, economic reforms and industry globalization can result in an off-trend accelerated growth of vehicles in the economies in transition (FSU and EE) and in the developing world (China, India and Latin America, mainly). The corresponding world road use energy consumption could reach a 200 percent increase from present levels by the year 2020, instead of an already worrisome “business as usual” projection of 75 percent (BAUER 2003, 2004). This paper analyses the mitigation effect on world oil demand and on its environmental impact that a policy of leapfrogging towards energy efficient internal combustion technologies and/or alternative vehicles – hybrid or fully electric – could have.
28
Gebru, Timnit, Jonathan Krause, Yilun Wang, Duyun Chen, Jia Deng, Erez Lieberman Aiden, and Li Fei-Fei. "Using deep learning and Google Street View to estimate the demographic makeup of neighborhoods across the United States." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 50 (November 28, 2017): 13108–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1700035114.
Full textAbstract:
The United States spends more than $250 million each year on the American Community Survey (ACS), a labor-intensive door-to-door study that measures statistics relating to race, gender, education, occupation, unemployment, and other demographic factors. Although a comprehensive source of data, the lag between demographic changes and their appearance in the ACS can exceed several years. As digital imagery becomes ubiquitous and machine vision techniques improve, automated data analysis may become an increasingly practical supplement to the ACS. Here, we present a method that estimates socioeconomic characteristics of regions spanning 200 US cities by using 50 million images of street scenes gathered with Google Street View cars. Using deep learning-based computer vision techniques, we determined the make, model, and year of all motor vehicles encountered in particular neighborhoods. Data from this census of motor vehicles, which enumerated 22 million automobiles in total (8% of all automobiles in the United States), were used to accurately estimate income, race, education, and voting patterns at the zip code and precinct level. (The average US precinct contains ∼1,000 people.) The resulting associations are surprisingly simple and powerful. For instance, if the number of sedans encountered during a drive through a city is higher than the number of pickup trucks, the city is likely to vote for a Democrat during the next presidential election (88% chance); otherwise, it is likely to vote Republican (82%). Our results suggest that automated systems for monitoring demographics may effectively complement labor-intensive approaches, with the potential to measure demographics with fine spatial resolution, in close to real time.
29
Justin Dhiraviam, F., V. Naveen Prabhu, T. Suresh, and C. Selva Senthil Prabhu. "Improved Efficiency in Engine Cooling System by Repositioning of Turbo Inter Cooler." Applied Mechanics and Materials 787 (August 2015): 792–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.787.792.
Full textAbstract:
Turbochargers are an integral part of today’s modern diesel engines and are a major reason that they are able to produce more power. Unlike a super charger that is driven via a belt from the engine, a turbo takes the exhaust that the engine is producing and puts it to good use. As Turbochargers are driven by exhaust, heat is an unwelcome by product and something that wasn’t really taken into account in automobiles. Then those intercoolers started to come into play in turbocharged automobiles. The forced air produced by the turbocharger is routed through the intercooler where its temperature is reduced before reaching the engine. The use of intercoolers has made turbocharged vehicles far more reliable and, in the case of today’s heavy duty diesel trucks, is a very important component. The inlet air of an IC engine from turbocharger temperature is very much high (due to compression) means oxygen content is very much less. And also air with high temperature causes pre-ignition and detonation. So fuel combustion does not take place properly. Inter Cooling of inlet air is very much essential according to performance point of view. Turbo intercoolers are used for cooling the inlet air of an IC engine from turbo chargers. Moreover cooling of air makes it denser and contributes for better combustion and more power they are mounted close to the radiators for achieving lower air temperature. This arrangement affects the performance of both. So in this project an attempt will be made to increase the efficiency of the turbo intercooler arrangement through design modification and repositioning of intercooler by taking the TATA MARCOPOLO-Star Bus 909 as a reference.
30
Hernandez, Michael, Kara M. Kockelman, James O. Lentz, and Jooyong Lee. "Emissions and noise mitigation through use of electric motorcycles." Transportation Safety and Environment 1, no. 2 (November 1, 2019): 164–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tse/tdz013.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Gasoline-powered motorcycles contribute disproportionately to traffic noise and emissions, so motorcycle electrification merits investigation. Recent advances in battery efficiency allow electric motorcycles (EMCs) to join electric cars and bicycles as a viable consumer option. This study quantifies noise and emissions using both simulations and experimental data, examines the factors that make EMCs big offenders and uses popular EMC specifications to estimate the costs and benefits of electrification in the USA. Motorcycles produce more CO, CH4, NOx, HC and particulate matter than passenger vehicles per vehicle-mile travelled. Due to limited regulation of motorcycles and weak enforcement, the perceived noise of motorcycles exceeds that of most other vehicles, being roughly double that of automobiles at speeds of over 30 mph and surpassing even that of medium trucks and buses at speeds of over 50 mph, at which point motorcycles exceed the 80 dBA US standard limit. Electrification can resolve such issues, although range limitations and high prices are presently a barrier to widespread adoption. In order to realize these environmental benefits, it is important that electrification occur with a corresponding shift away from coal as an energy source. Stricter emission regulations and stronger enforcement of existing prohibitions on certain forms of customization could also reduce the outlier status of gasoline-powered motorcycles.
31
Pottinger, M. G. "Uniformity: A Crucial Attribute of Tire/Wheel Assemblies." Tire Science and Technology 38, no. 1 (March 1, 2010): 24–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2346/1.3298682.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Good ride, acceptable comfort for passengers, is a required attribute for all road vehicles particularly automobiles and light trucks. The tire/wheel assembly is a critical component in providing good ride. Indeed, obtaining good ride was the crucial factor that drove the invention of and rapid popularization of the pneumatic tire. Today, the ride effect of tires is often thought of in two ways. The first is in terms of the transmission of vibration produced by the interaction of the tire with road surface irregularities, harshness. The second is in terms of tire structural irregularity generated energy transmitted during operation on a smooth road, uniformity. Both types of energy share the dynamic properties of the tire structure though they differ in source. This paper concentrates primarily on uniformity induced vibration particularly at the frequency of tire rotation, but does touch on harshness to a small degree, when the sharing of structural dynamics makes it appropriate. This review of the subject of force uniformity includes the effect of wheels, as wheels contribute to the vibration that reaches the vehicle spindle. Balance is touched on only as it affects force uniformity in well-balanced assemblies. This is not a treatise on balancing. A suggestion is made, which should, if practical, greatly improve the installed uniformity of tire/wheel assemblies.
32
Kurganov, V., M. Gryaznov, and S. Kolobanov. "Assessment of operational reliability of quarry excavator-dump truck complexes." Journal of Mining Institute 241 (February 25, 2020): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.31897/pmi.2020.1.10.
Full textAbstract:
The method proposed in the article is based on the mathematical apparatus for quantitative assessment of the reliability of majority schemes of structural redundancy of transport processes, which provide the availability and usage of several backup delivery channels in the transport process in case of any malfunction. The principle of multi-channel haulage is commonly used in quarries for transportation of overburden and minerals from benches by dump trucks, when excavators and dump trucks performing cyclic operations function as a single excavator-dump truck complex. This pattern of work significantly increases the likelihood of fulfilling the daily plan for transporting rock mass due to the redistribution of dump trucks between mining and overburden excavators in the event of failure of one or more units of mining and handling equipment.The reliability of excavator-dump truck complexes is assessed in three stages: initial data collection for mathematical modeling of excavator-dump truck complex performance; solving the problem of optimizing the distribution of dump trucks between excavators, ensuring maximum productivity of the excavator-dump truck complex; assessment of the reliability of its work depending on the probability of fulfilling the daily plan for the transportation of rock mass.The proposed method is implemented as part of a computer program and makes it possible to automate the operational management of the process of transporting rock mass in a quarry using a mobile application. The developed guidelines can be used for any quarries with automobile transport, regardless of the type of mineral extracted, the mining method, the loading pattern, the capacity of the excavation and loading equipment fleet, and the capacity of operated dump trucks.
33
Rose J., Sharon, PRC Gopal, and Ramkumar M. Arputham. "Operational efficiency of tow trucks: a case based evidence from an Indian automobile manufacturer." Journal of Facilities Management 19, no. 3 (January 29, 2021): 304–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfm-08-2020-0050.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine and model the in-plant operational efficiency of tow trucks of an automobile manufacturing plant. Even though, tow trucks contribute toward the improvement of operational performance, little case-based evidence prevail in the literature. For this purpose, a case study has been conducted in an Indian automobile manufacturer to address the prevailing issues in material handling (MH). Design/methodology/approach Initially, this paper focuses on grouping of the sequence parts and finding the shortest path among the groups. To elucidate this, an analytical framework based on the distance and stuffing quantity is proposed. A fuzzy Dijkstra’s algorithm is used to solve the issues in grouping of the sequence parts and shortest path among the groups. Findings This study addressed the four aspects of MH: move cost, time, distance and material by integrating the function of grouping, finding the shortest path and communication with low cost devices. The result shows that logistics routes and activities should not be interrupted by any of the external factors. The availability of stock is a key performance variable to attain efficiency. In addition to this, effective communication between the truck operators and the production line managers is key performance indicator. Originality/value The paper helps the automobile practitioners on increasing the efficiency of tow truck by systemizing the routes. Logistics routes and activities should not be interrupted by any of the external factors. The availability of stock is a key performance variable to attain efficiency. In addition to this, effective communication between the truck operators and the line managers is key performance indicator.
34
Marshall, David, Timothy T. Work, and Joseph F. Cavey. "Invasion Pathways of Karnal Bunt of Wheat into the United States." Plant Disease 87, no. 8 (August 2003): 999–1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2003.87.8.999.
Full textAbstract:
Karnal bunt of wheat (caused by Tilletia indica) was first detected in the United States in Arizona in 1996. The seed lots of infected, spring-habit, durum wheat associated with the initial detection were traced to planted fields in California, Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas. However, in the summer of 1997, the disease appeared in unrelated, winter-habit, bread wheat located over 700 km from the nearest potentially contaminated wheat from 1996 (and destroyed prior to reinfection). Here, we examined potential invasion pathways of the fungus associated with the movement of wheat into the United States. We analyzed the USDA/APHIS Port Information Network (PIN) database from 1984 through 2000 to determine likely pathways of introduction based on where, when, and how the disease was intercepted coming into the United States. All interceptions were made on wheat transported from Mexico, with the majority (98.8%) being intercepted at land border crossings. Karnal bunt was not intercepted from any other country over the 17-year period analyzed. Most interceptions were on wheat found in automobiles, trucks, and railway cars. The majority of interceptions were made at Laredo, Brownsville, Eagle Pass, and El Paso, TX, and Nogales, AZ. Karnal bunt was intercepted in all 17 years; however, interceptions peaked in 1986 and 1987. Averaged over all years, more interceptions (19.2%) were made in the month of May than in any other month. Our results indicate that Karnal bunt has probably arrived in the United States on many occasions, at least since 1984. Because of the relatively unaggressive nature of the disease and its reliance on rather exacting weather conditions for infection, we surmised that it is possible this disease has a long period of latent survival between initial arrival and becoming a thriving, established disease.
35
Kadhem, Jafaar A., Khalid Sadiq Reza, and Wahab K. Ahmed. "Alternative Fuel Use in Iraq: A way to Reduce Air Pollution." European Journal of Engineering Research and Science 2, no. 5 (May 8, 2017): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2017.2.5.322.
Full textAbstract:
The Iraq air is polluted highly by pollutants emitted from automobiles and trucks as well as power stations. This pollution resource is well known it is the burning of oil and natural gas. Iraq has been subjected to a series of wars and economic blockade for more than 40 continuing years. The war and blockade conditions have affected all the country's infrastructure causing huge deterioration in the services provided to Iraqi citizens. The Iraqi refineries as well have been subjected to major destruction and reconstruction several times. Unfortunately, the reconstruction in Iraq conditions was not in appropriate level, and for that reason we find the Iraqi gasoline and diesel are one of the worst fuels in the world. All reports demonstrated that the Iraqi gasoline contains high levels of sulfur (500ppm), as well as high levels of lead compounds to increase octane. The Iraqi diesel contains sulfur up to 1 to 2.5% of its weight which makes it the worst globally.In Iraq there are many alternative fuels that generate better engine performance and emit lower exhaust pollutants while improving fuel consumption. This paper reviews some of the Iraqi experimental work during the past ten years and the available results about using gaseous fuels such as natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas and hydrogen. In addition, the study focus on the use of some additives to gasoline and diesel, such as alcohols and biofuels to reduce the effects of sulfur associated with these types of fuel. The Iraqi research works have found many solutions and alternative methods of operation to eliminate the various engines emitted pollutants. The role has now come to the decision makers to legislate the laws and decisions necessary to switch to new types of alternative fuels.
36
Lel, Iurii, Igor Glebov, Olga Musikhina, Ruslan Ganiev, and Nikolai Khardik. "Energy method of assessing and systematizing open pit automobile transport operating conditions." Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii Gornyi zhurnal 1, no. 8 (December 21, 2020): 14–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21440/0536-1028-2020-8-14-25.
Full textAbstract:
Research aim is to develop the method of assessing and systematizing open pit automobile transport operating conditions. Research relevance. Pit depth growth and the introduction of modern models of dump trucks capable of working on 18–24% slopes complicate the conditions of industrial vehicles operation. In this regard, the development of the method and indicators of rock mass transportation difficulty becomes relevant as well as the systematization of vehicles operation conditions. Research methodology. The method of evaluating the difficulty of transportation is based on calculating diesel consumption per one haul cycle and reducing the actual length of the route to the relative horizontal distance with the use of rock mass vertical haul horizontal equivalents. Experimental and analytical dependences for horizontal equivalents have been determined. As a criterion of transportation difficulty evaluation, the use of operation conditions difficulty coefficient has been substantiated showing how many times truck’s power consumption when moving along the real route is higher than power consumption when moving along the horizontal macadamized route of the same length. Results. As a result of the research, the method of assessing and systematizing the operation conditions of open pit automobile transport. It has been determined that maximum values for conditions difficulty ISSN 0536-1028 «Известия вузов. Горный журнал», № 8, 2020 25 coefficients for the trucks with 4 × 2 wheel configuration are 2.6–3.0, and for all-wheel drive trucks – 5.0–6.5. By the difficulty coefficient, all operating conditions are divided into 5 classes (relatively easy, medium, difficult, very difficult, and extremely difficult). It has been determined that operating conditions in the most of diamond-mining open pits of ALROSA PJSC refer to class 3 and 4 (difficult and very difficult). The introduction of the all-wheel drive trucks will go along with the transition of operating conditions to class 5 (extremely difficult). For most of Ural pits classes 2 and 3 are typical (medium and difficult). Scope of results. Research results are to be used in open pit automobile transport design and operation when assessing and systematizing operating conditions, in technological calculations when regulating and planning diesel consumption and dump trucks capacity, and when correcting the regulatory standards of maintenance support, etc.
37
Ward, John T., and Gregg M. Ward. "Excuse Me for Barging In: Establishment of a Hazardous Materials Ferry Between Detroit and Windsor." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1602, no. 1 (January 1997): 77–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1602-12.
Full textAbstract:
The barriers to entry encountered in establishing the Detroit-Windsor Truck Ferry Service are discussed. The ferry service was needed to transport hazardous-materials-laden vehicles, which were not allowed access to the bridge and tunnel linking the cities of Detroit and Windsor. Without the ferry, these vehicles were detoured 265 km to a northern bridge crossing for deliveries between the two border cities. The crossing between Detroit and Windsor is the most important North American border crossing in terms of volume of trucks and trade value of goods ($44.5 billion, U.S. dollars, in 1990). The efficient movement of all classes of freight is essential to the competitiveness of automobile and automobile-related industries in the region. A major challenge in establishing the ferry service was overcoming safety concerns. The start-up involved multiple jurisdictions in two countries. Firsthand experience in planning, establishing, and operating this business and relevant government regulations and bylaws, correspondence, and newspaper articles are cited. The successful establishment of this ferry service and its role in improving transport safety, enhancing the transportation infrastructure, and protecting the environment are demonstrated.
38
Ali, Shno Mustafa, Ako Rashed Hama, and Younis Mustafa Ali. "A study of Land Zoning in the base of Traffic Noise Pollution Levels using ArcGIS: Kirkuk City as a Case Study." Al-Khwarizmi Engineering Journal 13, no. 4 (December 1, 2018): 137–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.22153/kej.2017.06.002.
Full textAbstract:
This study is an approach to assign the land area of Kirkuk city [ a city located in the northern of Iraq, 236 kilometers north of Baghdad and 83 kilometers south of Erbil [ Climatic atlas of Iraq, 1941-1970 ] into different multi zones by using Satellite image and Arc Map10.3, zones of different traffic noise pollutions. Land zonings process like what achieved in this paper will help and of it’s of a high interest point for the future of Kirkuk city especially urban planning and economic issues of the city. Also, it may be considered as a reference in solving the traffic jam problems in the city. Transportations and sounds of horn of vehicles are the major sources of traffic noise pollutions .Vehicular traffic noise problems are contributed by various types of vehicles such as heavy and medium trucks or buses or automobiles. During this study, six major regions within the city were selected (Governorate region, Baghdad road, Al Wasti, Al Askary, Al Nasir and North garage). A survey for all those six regions were taken place and noise measurements were captured at points or near to the intersections for a duration of three different periods days per a week [ Sunday 3rd , Monday 4th , and Tuesday 5th] of January 2016. The results showed a high level of noise pollution and super passing on many occasions to the prescribed levels by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) , maximum level noise pollution value was 94.6 dB(A) in AlWasti region near to the road that leading to Kirkuk university , while minimum level noise pollution value was 48 dB(A) in AlNasir region. As a result, a noise map zoning was prepared for Kirkuk City for top peak working three days. The prepared noise distribution map will help and could be used as a considerable point for the future during designing projects related to transportations. Also in another hand, the map reflected indirectly the amount of regional air pollutions. High distributed noise pollution zones means a zone of a high air pollutions levels specially Cox and Nox gaseous pollutions.
39
Maksyutina, Elena, and Aleksei Golovkin. "Инновационный вектор развития автомобильной промышленности России." Belarusian Economic Journal 2/2020, no. 2 (91) - 2020 (June 26, 2020): 109–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.46782/1818-4510-2020-2-109-117.
Full textAbstract:
Analyzed are the global automobile manufacturing trends and their impact on Russia’s and Belarus’s automobile industries. The subject of analysis is the innovative process as well as the rate of introducing changes related to the technologies of remotely piloted vehicles. Stated are stagnation processes in passenger cars manufacturing, and the growth of innovative activity of the trucks manufacturing segment, especially in agricultural machine manufacturing. Analyzed are the development issues of PJSC «AVTOVAZ», PJSC «KAMAZ», «Gomselmash» and MTZ-HOLDING
40
Стручков, V. Struchkov, Михайлов, and V. Mikhaylov. "THE RESOURCE OF AUTOMOBILE TRANSPORT IN OPEN PIT MINING." Alternative energy sources in the transport-technological complex: problems and prospects of rational use of 2, no. 2 (December 17, 2015): 510–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/19360.
Full textAbstract:
The article shows the adverse factors affecting the working conditions of transport equipment in open quarries of the far North, the statistics of their failures because of the destruction of load-bearing nodes. The formation of cracks in the frames of heavy-duty dump trucks occurs mainly by the mechanism of fatigue in areas of stress concentration. There is a difference in the run up to the appearance of cracks for dump trucks BelAZ-75306 and BelAZ-75131. Their reliability is lower than other foreign counterparts. The complexity of the repair work is twice the complexity of the repair of dump trucks of similar capacity. In article given the basic requirements to the repair welded joints.
41
Scopatz, Robert A. "Crashes Involving Long Combination Vehicles: Data Quality Problems and Recommendations for Improvement." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1779, no. 1 (January 2001): 162–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1779-22.
Full textAbstract:
In 1999–2000, the Automobile Association of America Foundation for Traffic Safety conducted a research program to identify the barriers to analysis of large-truck safety experience in the United States. The primary focus was on so-called longer combination vehicles (LCVs)—the doubles and triples running on major highways throughout the country. Five states (Florida, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, and Utah) participated in a review and evaluation of their data-collection and analysis practices. Two of the states (Oregon and Utah) also participated in an audit of completed crash reports for crashes involving large trucks and specifically doubles and triples. The results show that none of the five states has a crash-reporting system that adequately supports the analysis of LCV safety. In general, there is a lack of reliable data on the exact configuration of vehicles involved in crashes and a lack of specific measures of exposure for LCVs. Without good data on configuration and good measures of exposure, the main question about LCV safety (i.e., are they more or less safe than other large commercial motor vehicles?) cannot be answered empirically. The report concludes with a series of recommendations for improving the quality of data for crashes involving large trucks and a state’s ability to analyze LCV crashes specifically.
42
Holovina, O. V. "IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF TRANSPORTATION BY AUTOMOBILE DUMP TRUCKS." Scientific notes of Taurida National V.I. Vernadsky University. Series: Technical Sciences 2, no. 1 (2021): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.32838/2663-5941/2021.1-2/12.
Full text
43
Iskovich-Lototskyy, Rostyslav, Nataliia Veselovska, Yaroslav Ivanchuk, and Olena Hnatyuk. "MODERN TECHNOLOGIES FOR LOADING AND UNLOADING WORKS ON MOBILE AUTOMOBILE TRANSPORT." Vibrations in engineering and technology, no. 4(99) (December 18, 2020): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2306-8744-2020-4-7.
Full textAbstract:
In this work, vibrations were investigated during loading and unloading operations of mobile agricultural machines, which are considered to be one of the most labor-intensive components of the transport process. Therefore, idle machines during carrying out operations and in anticipation of them remain quite significant, which is due to the insufficient level of mechanization of loading and unloading of cargoes on transport, with a fuzzy coordination of actions of different organizations during the overloading of cargoes at transport nodes and for some other reasons. The main means of mechanization are stationary and gantry cranes for containers, heavy loads and large packages, as well as means of mechanization on the railway or on the chassis of a standard mobile car or special chassisIn our opinion, the use of hydraulic impulse actuators in the production of vibration and vibration shock unloading devices, which is due to simplicity of design, compactness, high energy intensity, a wide range of regulation of operating parameters and the ability to work in an automated mode is promising. In particular, a promising area is the creation of removable attachments with hydraulic impulse drive for dump trucks, onboard vehicles, tractor trailers and other vehicles. For intensification of processes of unloading of a body of a trailer-dump truck of tractors the hydraulic vibrating shock device is developed. It accelerates the unloading and cleaning of the body of agricultural products. Reduced costs and reduced oversized idle tractors with unloading trailers. Therefore, the development of vibration and vibration impact equipment for use in loading and unloading operations on mobile agricultural machines and in general on transport is an urgent task.
44
Downes, Richard. "Autos over Rails: How US Business Supplanted the British in Brazil, 1910–28." Journal of Latin American Studies 24, no. 3 (October 1992): 551–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x00024275.
Full textAbstract:
The dynamics of Brazil's transportation sector early in this century reveal much about how and why US industries conquered the Brazilian market and established a sound basis for investment. Especially during the 1920s, US companies responded to the transportation needs of Brazil's rapidly growing economy and won the major share of its automobile and truck markets. This was crucial because of the automobile's central role as a leading sector of the world's economy during this period. Sales and then direct investment by US firms in automobile assembly plants placed US business on a more secure foundation than British investment, prominent in a sector losing the vitality exhibited in the nineteenth century: railroads. Rail systems slowed their extension into the immense Brazilian interior while the automobile flourished, promoted by a powerful Brazilian lobby forautomobilismoreinforced by efforts of US business and government. This process illustrates how the Brazilians' interpretation of their economic needs coincided with pressures exerted by US industry to create a permanent US presence within Brazil's economy. How Henry Ford replaced Herbert Spencer as the foremost symbol of industrialism in early twentieth century Brazil sheds light on the personal and political dynamics of international business competition.1Rapid economic growth in the early twentieth century thrust a host of new local and regional demands upon Brazil's woefully inadequate transportation sector. Capital formation rose without interruption from 1901 onwards and reached very high levels immediately prior to World War I; more than 11,000 industrial firms producing over 67% of the economy's 1920 industrial output came into being between 1900 and 1920.
45
Du, Yong Liang, Kai Luan Sun, and Peng Zhang. "Heavy Duty Automobile Self-Discharging Hydraulic System Design." Applied Mechanics and Materials 599-601 (August 2014): 332–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.599-601.332.
Full textAbstract:
Select Dump Truck Hydraulic lifting system design. By optimizing the size of the dump truck and the main quality parameters, lifting mechanism design, as well as lift coefficient, institutional height, pressure fluctuation coefficient α and so on. Structure and characteristics of the hydraulic system requirements for the design and description, while lifting involved in the design process to supplement the coefficient optimization problems.
46
Zharikov, I. "ABOUT THE CAPACITY OF THE RECEIVING HOPPER OF THE QUARRY CRUSHING PLANT." ASJ 1, no. 49 (June 15, 2021): 49–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/asj.2707-9864.2021.1.49.103.
Full textAbstract:
The results of the analysis of the application of the methods of the theory of queuing for calculating the capacity of the receiving hopper of an open-pit crushing plant used in combination with a combined automobile-conveyor transport are presented. An analytical expression is given for calculating the capacity of the bunker, taking into account the minimum possible duration of the interval between unloading dump trucks into the bunker. The capacity of the receiving hopper of the crushing plant with a capacity of 4300 t / h was determined when working with dump trucks with a carrying capacity of up to 180 tons.
47
Feldman, Bernard J. "American Automobile and Light Truck Statistics Update." Physics Teacher 52, no. 3 (March 2014): 174–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.4865524.
Full text
48
Ahmad, Sanjana, and David L. Greene. "Effect of Fuel Economy on Automobile Safety." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1941, no. 1 (January 2005): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105194100101.
Full textAbstract:
Since 1975, the fuel economy of passenger cars and light trucks has been regulated by the corporate average fuel economy (CAFE) standards, established during the energy crises of the 1970s. Calls to increase fuel economy are usually met by a fierce debate on the effectiveness of the CAFE standards and their impact on highway safety. A seminal study of the link between CAFE and traffic fatalities was published by R. W. Crandall and J. D. Graham in 1989. They linked higher fuel economy levels to decreases in vehicle weight and correlated the decline in new car weight with about a 20% increase in occupant fatalities. The time series available to them, 1947–1981, includes only the first 4 years of fuel economy regulation, but any statistical relationship estimated over such a short period is questionable. This paper reexamines the relationship between U.S. light-duty vehicle fuel economy and highway fatalities from 1966 to 2002. Cointegration analysis reveals that the stationary linear relationships between the average fuel economy of passenger cars and light trucks and highway fatalities are negative: higher miles per gallon is significantly correlated with fewer fatalities. Log–log models are not stable and tend to produce statistically insignificant (negative) relationships between fuel economy and traffic fatalities. These results do not definitively establish a negative relationship between light-duty vehicle fuel economy and highway fatalities; instead they demonstrate that national aggregate statistics cannot support the assertion that increased fuel economy has led to increased traffic fatalities.
49
Anderson, Craig L., Diane G. Winn, and Phyllis F. Agran. "Differences between pickup truck and automobile driver-owners." Accident Analysis & Prevention 31, no. 1-2 (January 1999): 67–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0001-4575(98)00046-3.
Full text
50
Evseev, Kirill B., Aleksander B. Kartashov, Idris Z. Dashtiev, and Aleksey V. Pozdeev. "Analysis viscoelastic properties of fiber-reinforced composite spring for the all-terrain vehicle." MATEC Web of Conferences 224 (2018): 02039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201822402039.
Full textAbstract:
For today’s composite materials have many advantages over steel materials. The composite materials take the main part in modern automobile constructions. Suspension system is the main automobile part. Components of suspension system are made of metal. Therefor suspension system have a high weight that have a negative effect for all of vehicle especially for vehicle dynamics and stability properties. The main part of suspension system is a spring element. Coil springs are the most widely used spring type for independent wheel suspension for trucks and passengers vehicles. Using composite springs can less vehicle weight especially less unspring masses. It is one of the main features of composite materials. Another feature is viscoelastic properties and hysteresis effect. That can be give excellent noise and vibration properties for vehicles.