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1
Rossi, C. E. "Research in the Automotive Industry." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Transport Engineering 200, no. 2 (April 1986): 149–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1986_200_174_02.
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Industrial research as a source of technological innovation has acquired a central role in companies in the 1980s. Large manufacturing companies have been developing research systems made of structures co-ordinated with and complementary to one another, in an effort to achieve a rapid and proper flow of innovation. This paper discusses the research system of the Fiat Group, with special attention being paid to the inter-disciplinary, integrated research project developed by the Fiat Research Centre in co-operation with the ‘Progetto Finalizzato Trasporti’ drawn up by Consiglio Nazionale delle Richerche (CNR). Such a project implies the design and development of a research car aimed at becoming a reference for future projects for the energy saving cars to be produced in the 1990s.
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Popa, Dan Mihai. "Engineering Risk of Series Production in Automotive Industry." Management Systems in Production Engineering 27, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mspe-2019-0001.
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AbstractThe global objective of this paper is to analyze engineering risk of series production in Automotive Industries based on problems caused by supplied chain of products when a strong process to avoid engineering risk problems is missing. Automotive Industries Companies in Romania use just some theoretical tools like as D-FMEA (Design – Failure Mode and Effect Analysis) for engineering risk in their design products in ADAS domein. The main causes appear after the production starts and sometimes it brings the production to a halt. The risks reveal details of different levels and high risk can be caused by unforeseen challenges during of series production. On this paper, the method for engineering risk of management used is based on project management guide by Paul Roberts adapted to causes identification and risk plan.
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Popa, Dan Mihai. "Case Study of Engineering Risk in Automotive Industry." Management Systems in Production Engineering 26, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mspe-2018-0004.
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Abstract The primary objective of this paper is to show where the engineering of risk management is placed and how its implementation has been tried in multinational companies in automotive industry from Romania. A large number of companies don’t use a strategy to avoid the engineering risk in their design products. The main reason is not because these companies haven’t heard about standards for risk management such as ISO 31000; the problem is that the business units which were summed up, have just set up a risk list at the beginning of the project, without any follow up. The purpose of this article is to create an implementation risk tracking in automotive industry companies in Romania, due to a change request from customers according to supply companies within the quality process, in the research and development phase.
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Abdullah, Mohd Azman, Noreffendy Tamaldin, Faiz Redza Ramli, Mohd Nizam Sudin, and Muslim Abdul Mohamed Mu’in. "Design and Development of Low Cost All Terrain Vehicle (ATV)." Applied Mechanics and Materials 663 (October 2014): 517–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.663.517.
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Two units of all terrain vehicles (ATV) have been designed and developed by 3rd year automotive students of Faculty of Mechanical Engineering (FME), Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM). The purposes of this project are to design and develop low cost ATVs. The students have to organize themselves to design and build the ATVs within budget constraint. This project emphasizes on the practical and engineering applications of the subjects Vehicle Dynamics and Automotive Technology which are taken by the students within the same semester (Semester II, Session 2012/2013). The students have all the freedom in deciding the specifications of the ATVs. A 110 cc 4 strokes motorcycle engine is used for the powertrain. Design and analysis of the components are performed using commercial computer aided design (CAD) software. Basic fabrication processes such as cutting, fitting and welding are carried out by the students. The ATVs are evaluated based on functionality and design. The low cost conceptual ATVs have been successfully designed, developed and tested. With further development and research, the ATVs are subjected for improvement. The sustainability of the design and development of the ATVs depends on the material selection, design criteria and components availability.
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Gadola, Marco, Daniel Chindamo, Giovanni Legnani, and Marco Comini. "Teaching automotive suspension design to engineering students: Bridging the gap between CAD and CAE tools through an integrated approach." International Journal of Mechanical Engineering Education 47, no. 1 (March 16, 2018): 23–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306419018762803.
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The paper presents an integrated approach to suspension design with educational purposes. A dedicated design tool was created to instruct automotive engineering students in the whole process of suspension design across the various CAE tools involved, from early kinematics studies to CAD, vehicle dynamics simulations and FEM modelling. The tool has given birth to a proven design procedure that the authors would like to share in this paper with focus on the educational side, although suspension kinematics design is not certainly a novel subject in itself. The tool includes geometries like the widely used McPherson strut, complex five-link schemes for high-end road cars, and typical racing car geometries like the so-called push/pull rod systems used on Formula 1 and Le Mans racecars. It has been applied successfully to various projects developed by professionals as well as by students, including the latest three Formula SAE (FSAE) single-seaters of the University of Brescia (Brescia, Italy) team. The paper is structured as follows. The introduction describes the role student design competitions play in higher engineering education, and within the frame of the Automotive Engineering course at UniBS in particular. A selection of relevant bibliography on the topic is listed. The Educational scenario section deals with the specific case of the Automotive Engineering course at UniBS and the requirements posed by student competitions, also in the frame of the Dublin Descriptors, and shows how suspension design can play a pivot role in a FSAE project. The A tool for suspension kinematics: requirements, description, solution section presents the software tool in itself. The math underlying the user interface is outlined. Finally, the integration features towards other CAE tools are presented with the related advantages.
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Purnomo, Bayu Gilang, and Thomas Sukardi. "Integration of Project-Based Entrepreneurship and Productive Practical Learning in Vocational High Schools." Jurnal Pendidikan Teknologi dan Kejuruan 25, no. 1 (April 10, 2019): 78–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/jptk.v25i1.20013.
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Unemployment rates producing by vocational high school (VHS) is still high. To overcome this problem, it is necessary to develop an entrepreneurship learning model in accordance with students’ skills. This study aims to: (1) develop project-based entrepreneurship learning media integrated with productive practical learning in VHSs; (2) design project-based entrepreneurship learning integrated with productive practical learning which had the criteria of validation, effectiveness, and practicability. The research procedures consisted of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation (ADDIE) model. The product of the learning model development was validated by experts. The subjects of the research involved eleventh grade students of automotive engineering study program in the second semester, entrepreneurship teachers and automotive engineering teachers in VHSs. The products of the study consisted of: (1) a guided learning book and learning media (lesson plans and learning assessments); (2) the teachers’ and students’ positive and objective responses toward the implementation of the learning model which was proved by their comments that the developed learning model fulfilled the criteria of validation, effectiveness, and practicability to be implemented in VHSs.
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D’Amico, Fabrizio. "BIM for infrastructure: an efficient process to achieve 4D and 5D digital dimensions." European Transport/Trasporti Europei, no. 77 (June 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.48295/et.2020.77.10.
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Introduction of the Building Information Modeling (BIM) approach in Civil Engineering practices allows a design optimization through both an improved control of all the components of a project and an increased efficiency in the collaboration between all professionals involved. In Italy, major attention is being paid by scientists and professionals on this subject area, especially after the implementation of the national law DM 560/2017. This document will gradually rule the integration of BIM-based procedures for contractors in major public tenders. The present paper aims to propose a methodology for implementing an optimization dynamic model of time (4D) and costs (5D) across different project phases. To achieve this aim, the process relies on several authoring tools and 4D/5D modeling software, capable to incorporate a variety of project data in a unique and shared environment. The most effective methodology to maximize the interoperability between various codes will be presented. In this regard, a dynamic model involving an optimization-oriented approach for both the quantity surveying and the definition of the design management timeline is introduced. It is important to emphasize that these aspects are two of the major issues for the evaluation criteria in a civil engineering project. Also, this bidirectional process allows for a more accurate estimation of project costs as well as to achieve an optimized timeline of construction activities. Finally, it worth reminding that in case of constrained changes during the design phase, a dynamic model permits to effectively reiterate the process with a significant reduction of the overall computational time.
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Hofmann, Harald, Thomas Heller, and Sascha Sikora. "Design of Modern Steels for Automotive Application." Materials Science Forum 638-642 (January 2010): 3111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.638-642.3111.
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Advanced high-strength steels offer a great potential for the further development of automobile bodies-in-white due to their combined mechanical properties of high formability and strength. New types of grades – multi-phase steels, superductile steels and density reduced steels – are under development at ThyssenKrupp Steel with tensile strength levels of up to 1000 MPa in combination with excellent formability for the high demands of cold formed structural automobile components. New forming technologies at increased temperatures – hot forming, semi-hot forming and superplastic forming - enable the processing of complex parts with extreme high strength. ThyssenKrupp Steel identifies potential future steels and technology concepts by technology monitoring and evaluates their potential for future applications in pre-development projects. University research institutions are significantly involved in this essential future oriented challenge. Seminal concepts are being implemented together with automotive manufactures by simultaneous engineering processes with coordinated phases of production and testing.
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Buczacki, Aleksander, and Piotr Piątek. "Proposal for an Integrated Framework for Electronic Control Unit Design in the Automotive Industry." Energies 14, no. 13 (June 24, 2021): 3816. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14133816.
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The automotive sector is facing challenges in terms of the requirements for guaranteeing the safety and security of cars. In respect of the engineering process, it is challenging to incorporate functional safety, safety of the intended functionality, and cybersecurity requirements into electrical vehicles. All of these aspects impact not only the vehicles or ECUs produced, but also the structures of the organizations by which the products are created. Based on current standards, drafts of future standards, and an analysis of the performance of a real design process for the ECU of an electrical vehicle, we propose an integrated design framework from the perspective of cybersecurity. Therefore, a stronger emphasis is placed on correct estimations of cybersecurity activity processes. As they affect all areas of development, these estimations cannot be isolated considering the ECU’s design process. More cooperation between various stages of the process is required in order to provide complete products at an early stage of design and development. The challenge is the identification of overlapping activities and the combination of design efforts in order to reduce the time and costs of an engineering project. A dedicated process entity will be proposed to an engineering division to manage cybersecurity processes.
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De Souza, Carmino, Marcia T. Delamain, Eliana C. M Miranda, Juliana Pereira, Danielle Leão, Sergio A. B Brasil, Nelson S. Castro, et al. "How’s going on the T-Cell Brazil project." Hematology & Transfusion International Journal 9, no. 3 (May 21, 2021): 53–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/htij.2021.09.00252.
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Lymphomas are a large, heterogeneous and infrequent group of neoplasms. Peripheral t-cell lymphomas (PTCL) is still rarer, and it makes up about 10-15% of lymphoid malignancies. Its prognosis is poor and remains a challenge. In April 2017, the first Brazilian collaborative effort was created to collect data from T-cell Lymphoma patients diagnosed in the five distinct macro-regions of Brazil. To better understand PTCL, according to the revised WHO-2017 classification, excluding Mycosis fungoides, Sézary syndrome, and chronic Lymphoproliferative disorders, all histological subtypes diagnosed from January 2015 to December 2022 will be enrolled. Tissue biopsied, immunophenotypic markers from consecutive patients at each site will be reviewed by panels of expert hematopathologists every year. So far, 381 cases were enrolled by 32 Brazilian centers, most of them are from the Southeast and South region. Twenty-two cases were not evaluable due to lack of complete data; hence, 359 were analyzed. The overall survival at 24-month was 52% (95% CI: 46-58%) and progression-free survival 37% (95% CI: 31-43%) with a median time of follow-up of 10 months (0.2-64). T-cell Brazil Project has many challenges to overcome, mainly due to its vast territory and its disparity. However, we already have another sixteen centers waiting for approval in their Ethics Committees. It was created a network around the country, mainly among the pathologists, with educational goals and exchange of experiences. It is crucial to obtain knowledge of local epidemiology to optimize resources, design clinical trials, and identify minority entities, contributing to increasing the quality o
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Weng, Y., P. Wang, X. Jin, and Y. Cao. "Design and application of a platform for CAE-based optimization using a grid-based environment." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 226, no. 6 (October 6, 2011): 1601–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406211422853.
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This article introduces a platform for computer-aided engineering-based optimization using a Grid-based environment. Established upon China National Grid (CNGrid) environment, the platform is designed to maximize the efficiency of optimization process while taking advantage of Grid computing. This research provides the grid users with easier access to simulation-based optimization problem, so that they will not be distracted by lower level details and can concentrate on the problem itself. The architecture and the techniques used are thoroughly explained in this article. Practicality of the platform is further validated through application on an optimization project in automotive industry for lightweight design of a body in white.
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Andersen, Peter Bach, Seyedmostafa Hashemi Toghroljerdi, Tiago Sousa, Thomas Meier Soerensen, Lance Noel, and Bjoern Christensen. "The Parker Project: Cross-Brand Service Testing Using V2G." World Electric Vehicle Journal 10, no. 4 (October 26, 2019): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wevj10040066.
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The Parker project sought to experimentally validate that contemporary series-produced electric vehicles (EVs), capable of V2G, are ready to participate in a number of advanced grid services. In such services, the timing, size and direction of power and energy exchanged between the EV battery and grid is controlled as to support either a single building, the local neighborhood or the regional power system. Vehicles purposely designed for such services are referred to as grid integrated electric vehicles (GIVs). The field of research, describing how GIVs may be used to actively support the power system, is called Vehicle–Grid Integration (VGI).The purpose of this paper is to present how the Danish Parker project has systematically categorized a range of grid services, collected in a service catalog, and then illustrate state-of-the-art EVs ability to support such services through experimental validation. Results are presented for three different tests performed in Parker; marginal emission factor charging, frequency containment reserves and a performance test for controlling power setpoints. The ultimate aim of this paper, and the Parker project, is to promote the GIV concept so that it may inform the design and capabilities of present and future EVs, EV supply equipment (EVSE) and communication standards.
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Szalay, Zsolt, Tamás Tettamanti, Domokos Esztergár-Kiss, István Varga, and Cesare Bartolini. "Development of a Test Track for Driverless Cars: Vehicle Design, Track Configuration, and Liability Considerations." Periodica Polytechnica Transportation Engineering 46, no. 1 (March 18, 2017): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/pptr.10753.
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The Research Center for Autonomous Road Vehicles (RECAR) was founded in 2015 upon the initiative of the Faculty of Transportation Engineering and Vehicle Engineering of Budapest University of Technology and Economics. The research center is supported by industrial partners and other academic partners targeting research and educational purposes. In complement to this project, the construction of a new automotive test track is also under development especially for autonomous road vehicle testing serving as automotive proving ground in Zalaegerszeg, Hungary. Accordingly, an intensive research has been started in RECAR center in the field of autonomous vehicle technology. The paper’s goal is to share the main practical and methodological experiences with the scientific audience as well as the industrial sector. Based on the initial research actions we intend to enlighten the upcoming research challenges of driverless vehicles and automated intelligent transport system. Basically, three main topics are concerned. Firstly, the main issues concerning autonomous vehicle research are summarized. Secondly, the requirements for autonomous test track design are concluded. Thirdly, the legal questions that emerge with the appearance of driverless vehicles are investigated, especially concerning liability.
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Itoh, T., and H. Kimura. "Status of the Automotive Ceramic Gas Turbine Development Program." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 115, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 42–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2906684.
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A seven-year program, designated “Research and Development of Automotive CGT,” commenced in June 1990 with the object of demonstrating the potential advantages of ceramic gas turbine engines for automotive use. This program has been conducted by the Petroleum Energy Center (PEC) with the support of the Ministry of International Trade and Industry. The engine demonstration project in this program is being handled by a team from Japan Automobile Research Institute, Inc. (JARI). This paper describes the activities of the first year of the seven-year program, and includes the project goals and objectives, the program schedule, and the first-stage design of an experimental automotive ceramic gas turbine (CGT) engine and its components. The basic engine is a 100 kW, single-shaft gas turbine engine having a turbine inlet temperature of 1350°C and a rotor speed of 110,000 rpm. The primary engine components including the turbine hot flow path components have been designed using monolithic ceramics and are scheduled to be produced during the second year of the program.
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Gude, M. Prof, M. Müller, M. Stegelmann, I. Bischof, H. Prof Lieberwirth, and T. Krampitz. "Status und Möglichkeiten für das LCA im Leichtbau/Status and future prospects for LCA in lightweight design." wt Werkstattstechnik online 107, no. 10 (2017): 748–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/1436-4980-2017-10-70.
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Das vom BMBF geförderte und vom PTKA Dresden betreute „Forschungs- und Technologiezentrum für ressourceneffiziente Leichtbaustrukturen der Elektromobilität (Forel)“ ist ein Netzwerk mit der Beteiligung namhafter Partner aus Industrie und Wissenschaft, die in einer Vielzahl von anwendungsnahen Forschungsprojekten neue Leichtbautechnologien rund um die Elektromobilität erforschen. Im Rahmen des übergeordneten Koordinationsprojekts werden unter anderem Methoden und Richtlinien zur ganzheitlichen standardisierten Ökobilanzierung von Multi-Material-Leichtbaustrukturen erarbeitet. The centre for research and technology for resource-efficient lightweight structures of electric mobility (Forel) is funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) and supported by the Project Management Agency Karlsruhe (PTKA) Dresden. Forel is a network of substantial industrial and scientific partners that are participating in application-oriented research projects focussing on lightweight structures for electric mobility. The coordination project develops methods and guidelines for a holistic standardised ecological audit of multi material lightweight structures.
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Xu Wang, Lijing Zhu, and Xuewen Liu. "Project-oriented Teaching Method for Computer Simulation of Automatic." International Journal of Innovation Education and Research 7, no. 4 (April 30, 2019): 118–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol7.iss4.1393.
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The new engineering department represents the latest development direction of industry and business, referring to the new engineering discipline that is being formed or is about to be formed. The talent cultivation of colleges and universities is the most important core task for the new engineering construction to meet the current and future development needs of the industry. It is necessary to cultivate and bring up a group of cross-composite engineering and technology talents with innovative and entrepreneurial abilities and cross-border integration capabilities in high quality. In order to satisfy the training objects of Emerging Engineering Education, a new teaching pattern is needed. As a heuristic teaching method, project-oriented education is to organize students to participate in the whole process of project design, implementation and management, and complete the teaching tasks in the project implementation process. By this way, the students may acquire not only the solid theoretical knowledge but also the experience in the application of this knowledge in the professional field. Therefore, the project-oriented teaching method is the effect and competitive teaching mode for Emerging Engineering Education. For the course of computer simulation of automotive, the project-oriented teaching method is adopted. Corresponding implementation program is proposed and analyzed.
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Monfared, R. P., A. A. West, R. Harrison, and R. H. Weston. "An implementation of the business process modelling approach in the automotive industry." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 216, no. 11 (November 1, 2002): 1413–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095440502320783369.
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The development and application of a business process modelling approach to comprehend, formalize, simulate and assess a particular domain within the automotive industry are described in this paper. Within an ongoing project carried out by Loughborough University, the design and implementation of a new generation of component-based machine control systems are being investigated. As part of this project, impacts of business and technical aspects of the new control systems on existing practices are also being examined using enterprise modelling methods and tools. The modelling has been applied to the production and assembly of a machine for a new engine project in the automotive industry. The modelling approach has been based on the CIMOSA modelling architecture and complementary simulation and analysis tools, mainly ithink™ and Excel. The lessons learned from the implementation of the modelling approach and the assessment of the component-based machine control systems are also discussed in this paper. The criteria of this assessment were considered primarily as cost and time, although other factors that ultimately impact on the business processes are also discussed.
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Kural, Karel, Mark Voskuijl, Tian Fengnian, and Joop Pauwelussen. "DETERMINATION OF REPRESENTATIVE LOADING CONDITIONS FOR EFFECTIVE SEMITRAILER DESIGN." TRANSPORT 29, no. 4 (December 16, 2014): 363–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2014.982174.
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Obtaining a representative loading spectrum that corresponds well to the reality is still one of the greatest challenges for fatigue life calculations and optimal design of the trailer body. A good qualitative and quantitative knowledge of the spectrum leads to more efficient usage of material, a better design of connection points and an overall decrease of the weight of the trailer, which finally results in a significant decrease in the price of a ton of cargo per km. Despite that, the approach is nowadays mostly based on the experience and rules of thumb. It typically results in over-dimensioning of some parts while other parts remain vulnerable to failure due to unknown loading patterns. This paper describes a generic approach to solve the problems mentioned above applied in a research project named FORWARD (Fuel Optimized trailer Referring to Well Assessed Realistic Design loads). The project lasted two years and was carried out in cooperation with several different trailer manufacturers and 1st tier suppliers. The loading history of more than 1000 hours for five trailer types were captured in the shape of strains, accelerations and velocities of various elements of the trailers, enabling reconstruction of the loading in terms of forces and moments acting on the wheels and kingpin. Parallel to this extensive test-campaign, a novel generic physics-based computational approach was developed to predict selected loads encountered during common manoeuvres to all trailer types. The computational approach was validated against test-data and resulted in creating a generic multibody library applicable for all trailer types, and an automated post-processing routine for the large amount of test-data
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Tan, Kah Song, Noor Ajian Mohd-Lair, Stephen Yong Nai-Vun, and James Yong Chau-Leong. "Optimisation of Facility Layout Problem at Automotive Industry a Case Study in Sabah." Applied Mechanics and Materials 315 (April 2013): 755–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.315.755.
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The general Facility Layout Problem deals with the arrangement of machines within the facility based on the constraints such as material flow distance, volume of flow of products, material handling cost and operation sequence of product. The facility layout problem is directly linked with the efficiency of the facility or the manufacturing line. The objective of this project is to design a simulation based methodology experiment on designing an optimized facility layout and evaluating the proposed alternative layouts using ARENA simulation. This project is conducted at Benteng Motor Sdn. Bhd. in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. Currently, the company is planning to expand their manufacturing plant and hence the company needs an optimized facility layout to maximize the product capacity and manufacturing throughput time on a minimum utilization of resources environment. An eight steps simulation methodology is being proposed to design an optimized facility layout. A manufacturing re-engineering scenario has been developed to improve the existing system. The proposed scenario was evaluated using Arena simulation student package. The scenario has significantly increases the production capacity up to 225%, decrease the manufacturing throughput time by 19% as well as increase the utilization of majority of the manufacturing resources more than 200%.
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Donnici, Giampiero, Leonardo Frizziero, Alfredo Liverani, Giulio Buscaroli, Luna Raimondo, Eleonora Saponaro, and Giorgia Venditti. "A New Car Concept Developed with Stylistic Design Engineering (SDE)." Inventions 5, no. 3 (July 6, 2020): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inventions5030030.
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In this work, a structured design method, the Stylistic Design Engineering (SDE), is applied for the construction of a new minivan car, in particular a new city car, which we will call FIAT 600 Omega. The SDE, or Stylistic Design Engineering, is a structured engineering method for carrying out automotive design projects. The SDE method consists of six different phases: (1) Analysis of stylistic trends; (2) Sketches; (3) 2D Computer Aided Design (CAD) drawings; (4) 3D CAD models; (5) Rendering; (6) Solid stylistic model (also called style maquette). This project deals with the external redesign of the Fiat 600 multiple, a small minivan which was very successful in the 1950s and 1960s. SDE is a methodology consisting of various technologies and design methodologies that will be further explained in detail, such as the Pininfarina method, the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) method, Benchmarking (BM), and Top Flop Analysis (TPA). The work was organized according to the different phases. Initially, the Fiat style was studied, in particular the style of the FIAT 600 MULTI PURPOUSE VEHICLE (MPV). This step is essential to better understand the characteristics of the brand and also the main characteristics carried out over the decades. Then we moved on to the freehand sketching phase, based on what we learned in the previous phase of the study. When a satisfactory shape was found for the new car, by analyzing and discarding the different proposals of the various types of style, we proceeded to the evaluation of the proportions and dimensions through two-dimensional drawings and finally we obtained the three-dimensional shape of the new car thanks to 3D CAD software and rendering software. Many advantages in the industrial world SDE takes together with its development. In fact, until the early 2000s, car design and styling was considered quite a craft activity, not a technical or scientific one, mostly based on the great capability of famous car designers and masters, just like Giugiaro, Zagato, Bertone, Pininfarina, Stephenson, Bangle, etc. Then, thanks to the industrial activity of Eng. Lorenzo Ramacciotti, former CEO of Pininfarina Spa and Mechanical Engineer, and also thanks to the academic studies developed at ALMA MATER STUDIORUM University of Bologna, SDE became the object of attention, because it is able to systematize the car design process and reduce costs. With SDE, a good design research or an industrial product development team can complete a car design project, also without the presence of a mentor. Car Design Process finally becomes with SDE a scientific method; Car Design becomes with SDE an industrial method. Industrial needs are nice products made in a short time; SDE is structured to attend these issues. Industrial challenges follow innovation, in shape and functionality; SDE is able to recognize innovation. Industrial benefits can be reached with SDE, ensuring beautiful aesthetic projects are realized systematically and with low costs.
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Mao, Yan Fen, Ming Chen, Hans Wiedmann, and Xiao Feng. "Effects of Multi-Disciplinary and Intercultural Engineering Education in Automotive Engineering/Service at CDHAW of Tongji University." Advanced Materials Research 156-157 (October 2010): 177–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.156-157.177.
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This paper examined the requirements of economy, industry and society for the education of engineers in the field of automotive engineering/service (AES). It introduced a novel engineering education model and investigates the effects at its implementation in a Sino-German educational research project in Tongji University. From three main requirements for engineers in automotive industry, it discussed the orientation and features of AES which focus on application-oriented, multi-disciplinary, and intercultural education. The objective of AES is to educate competent engineers meeting industrial requirements and acquiring a double degree as Bachelor of Science at CDHAW and as Bachelor of Engineering at the German partner universities of applied sciences. To guarantee the quality of bachelor-level engineers on knowledge, know-how, engineering competence and soft skills, this education model integrated a useful operation conception from curriculum design, bilingualism, multi-disciplinary and application-oriented education, education structure, and other resources of teaching and combined them into a system. Out of the education model we derived the effects for students, university staffs, and related companies, and the challenges from the implementation at the Sino-German College of Applied Sciences (Chinesisch-Deutsche Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften, for short CDHAW in German language) of Tongji University. The education model and its positive effects can be successfully used for reference to international engineering education reform and practice.
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Martono, Aris, Solehudin Solehudin, and Fajar Januar Eka Putra. "PROJECT APPLICATION UNTUK SISTEM PEMESANAN DAN PENGIRIMAN BARANG BERBASIS WEB PADA PT. ARAI RUBBER SEAL INDONESIA." Journal CERITA 3, no. 2 (August 1, 2017): 162–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.33050/cerita.v3i2.653.
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The development of science and technology is now increasingly rapid development, the need masyarakatakan akan information technology is increasing as well in the business world that tend to be dynamic and always changing in accordance with the times, consumer needs, andthe marketing environment, resulting in the large market demand. On the other hand emerging similar businesses that cause high levels of competition. PT. Arai Rubber Seal Indonesia is one type of company engaged in automotive spare parts industry. To support the automotive industry The company is growing quite rapidly, can be seen from the order of goods that enter quite a lot. Therefore, the company strives to improve the quality of its products also improve the system of ordering information and delivery of goods. In designing this system the author uses evolutionary prototype method because the author wants the prototype is still used for the next design iteration. In this case, the actual system is seen as an evolution from a very limited initial version to the latest evolution that better than using the author's prototype method also uses the design method. In this system the authors do the design method using UML (Unified Modeling Language) method because by using UMLmethod, engineering and device development can be done with the focus of development and design software it is also author With the analysis of information systems marketing and ordering goods expected to improve the activity Ordering and delivery of goods in order to compete to achieve company goals.
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Vosswinkel, Martin, Andreas Lohner, Volkmar Platte, and Tobias Hirche. "Design, Production, and Verification of a Switched-Reluctance Wheel Hub Drive Train for Battery Electric Vehicles." World Electric Vehicle Journal 10, no. 4 (November 21, 2019): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wevj10040082.
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This contribution deals with the topic of the consistent further development of a wheel hub motor for battery electric vehicles (BEV) based on the principle of an outer rotor switched reluctance machine (SRM). The research work presented in this paper was founded by the ERDF.NRW program, Investment for Growth and Employment and the European Regional Development Fund. The R&D project was named Switched-Reluctance fo(u)r wheel (SR4Wheel). Based on the experience made by first prototype Evolution 0 (EVO 0), developed in the Laboratory for Automation Engineering, Power Electronics and Electrical Drives of the Cologne University of Applied Sciences (CUAS), the test results of EVO 1, as well as the redesign, EVO 2 is presented in this paper. The prototype EVO 0, a first proof of concept leads to several optimizations and lessons learned for the predecessor model EVO 1. The overall target of developing such a gearless outer rotor wheel hub motor is the full integration of the complete machine including its power electronics into the given space between the original friction brake and the rim. Furthermore, due to the additional integration of the power electronics, great opportunities in terms of new vehicle design as well as retrofitting capabilities of already existing vehicle platforms can be achieved. Thereby, further drive train assembly space like the engine compartment is no longer necessary. The SRM does not require magnets for torque production which leads to independence from the changeable commodity prices on the rare earth element markets. This paper presents the developing process, testing, and verification of the innovative drive train concept starting with the final CAD of EVO 1. During the testing and verification process a machine characteristic mapping is performed on a drive train test bench and subsequently the results of a finite element analysis (FEA) are plausibility checked by the test bench results. The process continues with energy conversion test scenarios of the project demonstrator vehicle on a roller test bench focused on noise vibration harshness (NVH) behavior and efficiency. As a conclusion, the gained knowledge by evaluating two EVO 1 prototypes on the rear axle of the test vehicle, and the design for the front axle drive train EVO 2 will be presented. As a major task on the front axle, the limited space due to the large disc brake can be identified and solved.
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Sushandoyo, Dedy, Christian Berggren, and Thomas Magnusson. "Greening public transportation: a radical design and powertrain project at an incrementalist innovator. The case of the series-hybrid bus project at Scania Trucks." International Journal of Automotive Technology and Management 10, no. 1 (2010): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijatm.2010.031458.
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Yatskiv (Jackiva), Irina, Eftihia Nathanail, Mihails Savrasovs, Giannis Adamos, and Lambros Mitropoulos. "ASSESSING KNOWLEDGE LEVEL OF STAKEHOLDERS ON TRANSPORT INTERCHANGE DESIGN AND OPERATION." Transport 33, no. 3 (September 28, 2018): 793–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2018.5400.
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The paper advances the results of the on-going work conducted within the frame of the European Twinning project ALLIANCE. In the effort to assess educational needs of different stakeholder groups involved in the domain, this paper’s main interest is to study knowledge and importance of governance issues and smart solutions, which enable smooth and seamless interconnectivity of alternative transportation modes, and techniques for facilitating decision-making and evaluation of these solutions. Data were collected through a questionnaire web-based survey addressed to different stakeholder groups in Latvia: policy makers, industry, academia/research and students. From the statistical analysis conducted it was concluded that there are differences in the average rating of different thematic areas (i.e. governance, smart solutions, decision-making) by the respondents. Especially stakeholders belonging to policy makers, industry and students valuated their knowledge on Governance and Smart Solutions below average and at the same time these areas as important for carrier development. Recommendations on the adaptation of an education/training program for Latvia were drawn from the above analysis.
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Dinter, Barbara, Hendrik Wache, Saskia Ramm, Eckart Wittstock, Frank Otto, and Alexander Maasch. "Netzwerkunterstützung durch Digitale Zwillinge/Efficient design of dynamic and collaborative value creation processes – Network support through Digital Twins." wt Werkstattstechnik online 111, no. 04 (2021): 243–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/1436-4980-2021-04-65.
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Bisherige Ansätze des Digitalen Zwillings beschränken sich auf die digitale Nachbildung einer Maschine insbesondere in deren Betriebsphase. Im Projekt „Co-TWIN“ wird dieses Konzept zum kollaborativen Digitalen Zwilling erweitert, der die Zusammenarbeit nicht nur lebenszyklus- sondern auch wertschöpfungspartnerübergreifend unterstützt. Dieser Beitrag zeigt die Grundidee des kollaborativen Digitalen Zwillings auf und präsentiert den aktuellen Stand der technischen Umsetzung der Co-TWIN-Plattform. Current concepts of the digital twin are limited to a digital replication of a machine, especially in its operating phase. In the project ,Co-TWIN´, this concept is extended to a collaborative digital twin that supports cooperation not only across the lifecycle but also across the value-added partners. The paper presents the basic idea of the collaborative digital twin and the current state of the technical implementation of the Co-TWIN platform.
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Japs, Sergej, and Harald Anacker. "RESOLUTION OF SAFETY RELEVANT SECURITY THREATS IN THE SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE DESIGN PHASE ON THE EXAMPLE OF AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY." Proceedings of the Design Society 1 (July 27, 2021): 2561–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pds.2021.517.
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AbstractCyber-physical systems (CPS), like autonomous vehicles, are intelligent and networked. The development of such systems and its components requires interdisciplinary cooperation between different stakeholders. A lack of system understanding between stakeholders can lead to unidentified and unresolved security threats & safety hazards in early engineering phases, resulting in high costs in product development and potentially compromises compliance with the safety of CPS.Model-based systems engineering (MBSE) improves the system understanding between stakeholders by using models.However, MBSE approaches only partially address security threats & safety hazards. In particular, their integrative consideration is not taken into account.Established security & safety approaches are either only applicable to specific disciplines or only partially consider security threats & safety hazards.In the context of this paper we present a method for the resolution of safety relevant security threats in the system architecture design phase using design patterns.We illustrate our approach with the example of the automotive sector.Finally, we present an evaluation of the method, based on an 8 week project with 67 master students.
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Shankar, Prabhu, Beshoy Morkos, Darshan Yadav, and Joshua D. Summers. "Towards the formalization of non-functional requirements in conceptual design." Research in Engineering Design 31, no. 4 (September 24, 2020): 449–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00163-020-00345-6.
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Abstract This paper explores the formal roles of non-functional requirements’ (NFR) elicitation, definition, and verification in the early stages of an engineering design project. This is performed using a case study conducted at an automotive original equipment manufacturer (OEM) during the design and development of a rear bumper sub-system. The purpose of this exploration is to determine if NFRs should be formalized within requirements modeling scheme. This can capture conceptual design information to identify their impact on other requirements while conducting design changes. The modeling scheme in this paper consists of a sequence of following domains—requirements, functions, working principle, components, design parameters, test measures, and tests—that are mapped to each other using matrices. It is revealed through this case study that non-functional requirements drive much of the design decision-making process and constrain the manner in which the product functionality is realized. Hence, the inclusion of NFRs as a separate and distinct domain in the design process is critical to recognize their significance during design changes. Based on the observations made in the case study, the NFR domain is included in the requirements modeling scheme.
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Behrens, Bernd-Arno, Richard Krimm, and André Höber. "Auslegung von Servopressenantrieben/Design of Servo Press Powertrains." wt Werkstattstechnik online 110, no. 06 (2020): 445–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/1436-4980-2020-06-85.
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Die Auslegung des Antriebsstrangs einer Servopresse stellt einen komplexen Prozess dar. Aufgrund der konstruktiven Wechselwirkung der Komponenten ist dieser mit einer potenziell großen Anzahl von Iterationsstufen, häufig auch im Kontakt mit Zulieferern, verbunden. Im Beitrag wird ein Softwaretool vorgestellt, das den Entwicklungsprozess einer Servo- presse beschleunigt und variabler gestaltet. Im Rahmen des Vorhabens wurde neben einem parametrischen Motormodell ein variables mechanisches Modell eines Servopressen-Antriebsstrangs erstellt und validiert. The design of a servo press drive is a complex process. Due to the interaction of the design components in the drive train, it is subject to a potentially large number of iteration stages, often also in contact with suppliers. This article presents a software tool that accelerates the development process of an electrical servo press drive. Within the presented research project, a parametric motor model and a mechanic model of a servo press powertrain were developed and validated.
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De Felice, Fabio, Antonella Petrillo, and Alessandro Silvestri. "Offshoring." Business Process Management Journal 21, no. 2 (April 7, 2015): 379–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bpmj-01-2014-0008.
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Purpose – Nowadays, especially after the recent financial downturn, companies are looking for much more efficient and creative business processes management. They need to place better solutions on the market in less time and with lower costs. Companies are achieving these goals of efficiency always more by using the offshoring strategy. It commonly describes a company’s relocation of a business process from one country to another, typically manufacturing processes towards low-cost countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa – BRICS area). The purpose of this paper is to propose a methodological approach based on project management tools that supports the decision-making process in order to help companies in optimizing the re-engineering production processes and improve management costs. The framework provided in this paper is grounded on available literature and from the authors’ personal experiences in managing several projects. Design/methodology/approach – This paper seeks to propose a Project Management Process Reengineering performance model (PMPR) for managing projects of reengineering of processes and applies it in a real case study concerning the relocation of an automotive glass production line. Findings – The model proposed in this paper should serve as a valuable tool to facilitate a successful BPR design in the project management and intends to assist companies as they operate projects of transferring and optimizing production lines. Originality/value – This paper proposes a PMPR model with a methodological approach which integrates efficiency and effectiveness estimators applicable to company needs. Thus, the aim of the paper is to develop a methodology and technical approach for the redesign and realization of a production line in consequence of its relocation.
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Johnson, C. H., E. A. Druschitz, and A. P. Druschitz. "Ultrasonic Leak Test for Automotive Brake Caliper." Materials Science Forum 539-543 (March 2007): 429–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.539-543.429.
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Leak path defects in brake caliper castings were observed and an efficient method of detecting them was needed. The standard detection technique used a differential decay method at pressures up to 1000 psi but this technique could not detect all of the leak path defects. The only known method that could detect all of the leak path defects was a technique that used brake fluid, and required pressures up to 3,000 psi. Because a fluid medium used to conduct this test, regulations precluded the calipers from being used on a vehicle after the inspection process. This was the motivation for a Capstone Project in the Mechanical Engineering Technology Program at Central Washington University. For safety and economic reasons, a nondestructive test which utilized acoustics was chosen. It was decided that the main focus for this project would be the design of the fixture. The prototype fixture was designed to utilize a toggle clamp and a backing plate (manifold) with O-rings. The clamping system was produced at INTERMET Corporation. After the fixture was completed it was sent to Central Washington University. To verify predictions, strain gauges were used at different parts of the system during normal use. Then the placement of the acoustic listener was determined, completing the test fixture. In order to obtain a good seal (O-ring to cavity lip) the fixture required deflections less then .0045” (as determined by tolerance stacking and O-ring deformation requirements). A magnetic pin gauge was used to measure this displacement as it the fixture was pressurized to 82psi (available shop pressure). To demonstrate the safety of the device, a strain gauge was mounted on the backing plate to measure the force being counteracted by the toggle clamp. The maximum stress on the backing plate was approximately 10% of the material's yield strength (~ 36 ksi for A36 steel); producing a safety factor of about 10. No more than 3750 psi was measured. The maximum strain of the backing plate was 0.003 in/in. Upon completion, the fixture was sent back to INTERMET Corporation where a production model was designed and implemented.
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Verlinden, Jouke, and Imre Horváth. "Analyzing opportunities for using interactive augmented prototyping in design practice." Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 23, no. 3 (June 17, 2009): 289–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890060409000250.
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AbstractThe use of tangible objects is paramount in industrial design. Throughout the design process physical prototypes are used to enable exploration, simulation, communication, and specification of designs. Although much is known about prototyping skills and technologies, the reasons why and how such models are employed in design practice are poorly understood. Advanced techniques and design media such as virtual and augmented prototyping are being introduced without insight as to their benefits. We believe that an augmented prototyping system, that is, employing augmented reality technology to combine physical and digital representations, could positively influence the design process. However, we lack knowledge on why and how it might facilitate design. This paper reports on case studies performed in different domains of industrial design. At each of three Dutch design offices, a project was followed with particular attention to physical prototyping and group activities. The projects encompassed information appliance design, automotive design, and interior design. Although the studies vary in many aspects (product domain, stakeholders, duration), the findings can be applied in conceptualizing advanced prototyping systems to support industrial design. Furthermore, the data reveal that the roles of a prototype in current practice are not necessarily utilitarian; for example, the prototype may serve as a conversation piece or as seducer. Based on so-called “hints,” bottlenecks and best practices concerning concept articulation are linked to usage scenarios for augmented tangible prototyping. The results point to modeling and communication scenarios. Detailed study of the cases indicates that communication activities, especially design reviews, would benefit most from interactive augmented prototyping.
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Tennant, Charles. "Quality and reliability through common business environment." TQM Magazine 7, no. 5 (October 1, 1995): 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09544789510098560.
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Rover Group is the UK’s largest automotive manufacturer employing 35,000 people which designs, develops and manufactures vehicles in the small, medium, executive and specialist four‐wheel‐drive sectors. Describes the processes deployed at Rover to ensure that quality and reliability are designed into the product through the new product introduction process, in order to achieve the company quality strategy milestones. The quality and reliability processes have been developed as a project management framework, known internally as “common business environment”. Describes the product programme milestone philosophy and supporting processes such as design methodology, reliability management, cost management and programme timing synthetics. The processes are deployed into all project teams at Rover Group through a learning methodology called focused learning. Measurement of common business environment implementation is carried out at project Q&R reviews, which are based on the European Foundation for Quality Management self‐assessment criteria.
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Braun, Martin, Dirk Marrenbach, and Oliver Scholtz. "Präventive Arbeitsgestaltung in der Intralogistik/Preventive work design in intralogistics." wt Werkstattstechnik online 110, no. 06 (2020): 456–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/1436-4980-2020-06-96.
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Trotz weitreichender Automatisierungspotenziale leistet der Mensch einen unabdingbaren Beitrag, um kundenorientierte und wettbewerbsfähige Logistikprozesse zu sichern. Zur Abwendung unerwünschter Ereignisse gewinnt das Vorsorgeprinzip an Bedeutung. Im Forschungs- und Transferprojekt „Previlog“ wurden präventive Methoden einer menschengerechten Arbeitsgestaltung in der Intralogistik entwickelt und erprobt. Sie sind in einem pragmatischen Handlungsleitfaden zusammengefasst. Bei der Wirkungskontrolle präventiver Maßnahmen zeigte sich, dass die Wirksamkeit von Umsetzungen vornehmlich durch interindividuelle Faktoren beeinflusst wird. Despite considerable potential for automation, working man makes an indispensable contribution to ensuring customer-oriented and competitive intralogistical services. The need to avoid undesired events increases the importance of preventive approaches of human-centered work design. In the ‚Previlog‘ research and transfer project, preventive design methods for intralogistics have been developed and tested, and summarized in a pragmatic action guide. An examination of the implementation of preventive design measures showed that their effectiveness is mainly influenced by interindividual factors.
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Müller, J., T. Junker, K. Pagel, K. Großmann, and W. G. Drossel. "Impulsentkopplung von Lineardirektantriebsachsen*/Pulse decoupling of linear direct drive axles – Practicable design of pulse decoupled linear direct drive axles." wt Werkstattstechnik online 105, no. 10 (2015): 753–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/1436-4980-2015-10-89.
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Die Impulsentkopplung ist ein Verfahren, das die Strukturanregung, welche aus der Reaktionskraftwirkung von Lineardirektantrieben resultiert, deutlich verringern kann. Trotz zahlreicher Forschungsarbeiten zur Impulsentkopplung konnte sie sich bisher nicht in der Praxis durchsetzen. Das Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) hat deshalb ein Forschungsprojekt gefördert, dessen Ziel die Entwicklung einer praxistauglichen konstruktiven Lösung für die Impulsentkopplung war. Im Fachartikel werden die erarbeiteten Lösungen und Ergebnisse dieses Projektes vorgestellt. Teil 1 des Berichts ist erschienen in: wt Werkstattstechnik online Jahrgang 103 (2013) Nr. 5, S. 370–376. Pulse decoupling of linear direct drives is a method which enables a significant reduction of structural excitations caused by the reaction force. Although extensive research was carried out, the approach has not yet been established in industrial applications. The BMBF has therefore funded a research project which aims to develop a practical design solution for pulse decoupling. This article presents the solutions and results of this project. Part 1: wt Werkstattstechnik online Volume 103 (2013) No. 5, pp. 370–376.
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Halwas, M., J. Hofmann, J. Fleischer, C. Riehm, C. Spieker, M. Fister, G. Stoehr, A. Wist, F. Sell-Le Blanc, and L. Weiße. "Entwicklung eines parallelen Technologie- und Produktentwicklungsprozesses/Development of a parallel technology and product development process using the example of winding design and manufacture as a part of the NeWwire funded project." wt Werkstattstechnik online 108, no. 05 (2018): 301–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/1436-4980-2018-05-27.
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In dem folgenden Artikel wird die parallele Technologie- und Produktentwicklung am Beispiel der Wicklungsauslegung und -fertigung beschrieben. Diese findet im Rahmen des Förderprojektes NeWwire (Neuartige serienflexible Wickelverfahren für die wirtschaftliche automatisierte Fertigung von hoch performanten elektrischen Maschinen) statt. Ziel des Forschungsprojekts NeWwire ist die Entwicklung sowie Auslegung eines neuartigen Wickelverfahrens zur automatisierten Fertigung von Elektromotoren im Hochleistungsbereich für den automobilen Einsatz. Hierbei stellt die effektive Wicklung im Stator zur Leistungssteigerung eine besondere Herausforderung dar. The following article describes the parallel technology and product development using the example of winding design and manufacture. This takes place as part of the NeWwire funded project („New series-flexible winding processes for the economic, automated production of high-performance electrical machines“). The goal of the research project NeWwire is the development and design of a new winding process for the automated production of electric motors in the high-performance area for automotive use. In this field the effective winding in the stator in order to increase the performance is a specific challenge.
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Darawong, Chonlatis. "Dynamic capabilities of new product development teams in performing radical innovation projects." International Journal of Innovation Science 10, no. 3 (September 3, 2018): 333–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijis-07-2017-0060.
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Purpose This paper aims to examine the impact of dynamic capabilities of new product development (NPD) team on project performance, including efficiency and effectiveness. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from NPD team members who have worked on radical new product projects in large manufacturing firms in Thailand. Respondents represented different departments, including research and development (R&D), quality control, production and marketing. These individuals worked in a wide range of large manufacturing industries with an average of more than 500 employees. These industries include food, automotive, auto parts and electric and electronics products. Findings The results indicate that NPD team with sensing, learning and integrating capabilities can increase project effectiveness. In addition, teams with high learning, integrating and coordinating capabilities will enhance project efficiency. Research limitations/implications First, the research findings may not be generalizable in all aspects to other industries. Second, the use of cross-sectional data in this study may not be appropriate for testing causal relationships among constructs. Third, although the samples of this study were from a wide range of functional areas, the majority were R&D personnel. Practical implications To improve project effectiveness, project managers should consider investing in information technologies that provide a wide range of information sources, such as business research databases and academic journals. To improve project efficiency, the managers can establish both formal and informal activities during NPD projects. These social activities can provide opportunities for team members to physically meet and adjust their personal behavior to get along with each other. Originality/value These findings provide a wider picture of the beneficial role of dynamic capabilities of NPD teams toward project performance, including efficiency and effectiveness.
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Cadena, Paola Carolina Bueno, and José Manuel Vassallo Magro. "SETTING THE WEIGHTS OF SUSTAINABILITY CRITERIA FOR THE APPRAISAL OF TRANSPORT PROJECTS." TRANSPORT 30, no. 3 (October 2, 2015): 298–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2015.1086890.
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Although the Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) has made progress towards appraising and measuring the performance of smart and sustainable transport projects, it still has important issues that need to be addressed such as the problem associated with incomparable quantities, the inherent subjective qualitative assessment, the complexity of identifying impacts to be included and its measurement method, and the corresponding weights. The issue of trading-off different sustainability criteria is the main unresolved matter. This problem may lead to lack of accuracy in the decision making process. This paper presents a new methodology to set the weights of the sustainability criteria used in the MCDA in order to reduce subjectivity and imprecision. We suggest eliciting criteria weights based on both expert preferences and the importance that the sustainability criteria have in the geographical and social context where the project is developed. This novel methodology is applied to a real case study to quantify sustainable practices associated with the design and construction of a new roadway in Spain. The outcome demonstrates that the approach to the weighting problem has significance and general application in a multi-criteria evaluation process.
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Wenzel, C., A. Stockfisch, T. Weske, and D. Zontar. "Effiziente Produktion von komplexen Kunststoffoptiken/Efficient production of complex plastic optics. Photonics production through intelligent technology (BMBF project ePiTec)." wt Werkstattstechnik online 109, no. 05 (2019): 388–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/1436-4980-2019-05-90.
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Kunststoffoptik ist Innovationstreiber in zahlreichen Produkten, um Sensorik, Kameratechnik, Beleuchtung oder auch beispielsweise Augmented- und Virtual-Reality-Anwendungen zu ermöglichen. Kurze Entwicklungszeiten, kosteneffiziente Produktion in der Serie und komplexe Gestaltungsfreiheit sind Anforderungen, die sich aus der Produktgestaltung an die Kunststoffoptikproduktion ableiten lassen. Im Rahmen des vom BMBF geförderten Projekts ePiTec konnten maßgebliche Verbesserungen entlang der Prozesskette zur replikativen Herstellung von Kunststoffoptiken erarbeitet werden. Plastic optics is a driver of innovation in numerous products to enable sensor technology, camera technology, lighting or, for example, augmented and virtual reality applications. Short development times, cost-efficient series production and a complex design freedom are requirements that can be derived from the product design to the plastic optics production. As part of the BMBF-funded ePiTec project, significant improvements were made along the process chain for the replicative production of plastic optics.
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Lee, Eul-Bum, Douglas Alleman, David Thomas, and Chang-Mo Kim. "INTEGRATING CA4PRS V.3 ROAD WIDENING SCHEDULE MODULE INTO US HIGHWAY EARLY CONSTRUCTABILITY PROCESS: CALIFORNIA SR-91 CORRIDOR IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM CASE STUDY." Transport 35, no. 1 (January 3, 2020): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2019.11650.
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Performing Constructability Review Processes (CRPs) during the highway design development has been found to save transportation agencies twice their input costs. However, existing literature has identified three areas of CRP improvement: reduction of required agency resources, incorporation of Road User Cost (RUC) scheduling constraints, and integration of assessment visualizations. The authors propose to fill this gap by integrating the Construction Analysis for Pavement Rehabilitation Strategies (CA4PRS) v.3 software into the CRP. This module provides agencies with road widening project schedule capabilities, which enhances CRPs by providing accurate RUC-constrained critical path schedules using minimal resources. The module was developed through interviews with subject matter experts from six public and two private California transportation organizations. Said experts also tested the CA4PRS v.3 alpha and beta pre-release versions using data collected from eight Caltrans road widening projects. The potential value-adding of integrating the CA4PRS v.3 software with existing CRPs has been tested through its application on the California State Road 91 (SR-91) Corridor Improvement Program (CIP), resulting in 24-months of construction acceleration. The findings and presentation of the schedule model within this paper provide practitioners an accurate and resource-efficient tool to estimate the schedule impacts of road widening constructability options.
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Keller, A., S. Adler, and N. Zobel. "Instandhalter sind Mitgestalter ihres Assistenzsystems/Maintenance engineers are co-designers of their assistance system." wt Werkstattstechnik online 109, no. 03 (2019): 189–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/1436-4980-2019-03-87.
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Im Forschungsprojekt „CPPSProcessAssist“ wurde für vier kleine und mittlere Unternehmen (KMU) der Prozessindustrie ein modulares und mobiles Assistenzsystem zur Instandhaltungsunterstützung entwickelt. Neben der technologischen Entwicklung des Systems wurde im Projekt eine Vorgehensweise zur Gestaltung und Einführung des Systems in den Unternehmen erarbeitet. Mitarbeiter der Schicht und Schichtleitung, Projektingenieure, Instandhalter sowie Technologieentwickler wurden als Mitgestalter des Systems und der daraus folgenden Veränderungen im Unternehmen eingebunden. Das resultierende System bildet die unternehmensübergreifenden Anforderungen von Instandhaltungsaufgaben in der Prozessindustrie technisch ab und ist an vorhandene IT-Infrastrukturen anpassbar. Die gewählte Vorgehensweise zur Einbindung der Mitarbeiter in der Gestaltung des Systems trug dazu bei, die unternehmens- und nutzerspezifischen Anforderungen in das System zu integrieren sowie die Mitarbeiter zu Eingabe bedarfsgerechter Assistenzinhalten zu befähigen. A modular and portable maintenance assistance system was developed for four small and medium-sized process manufacturers in the research project CPPSProcessAssist. Along with the technological development of the system, a procedure for designing and implementing the system in the companies was developed. Shift workers and managers, project engineers, maintenance engineers and technology developers were involved in designing the system and implementing the ensuing changes in their companies. The resulting system technically maps cross-company requirements for maintenance work in process manufacturing and can be modified for existing IT infrastructures. The selected procedure for involving employees in the system design helped integrating specific company and user requirements in the system and enabling employees to enter content in the assistance system based on their needs.
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Saravanan, K. G., R. Prabu, A. Sivapragasam, and Nahom Daniel. "Comparative Analysis of Natural Fibre Reinforced Composite Material Using ANSYS." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2021 (August 31, 2021): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9391237.
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The regulations of legislative bodies regarding the recycling and reusage of automotive materials has caused a great deal of obligation among automotive manufacturers to use natural fibres or green composites. Green composites or more commonly known as bio-composites are made up of natural fibres. Natural fibres are used by humankind since prehistoric times. The natural fibre is obtained from plants as well as animals. Since the natural fibre is obtained from natural as well as biological resources, it is biodegradable and recyclable. This paper presents the study and analysis conducted to address the suitability of natural fibre in the automotive industry. This paper discusses the finite element analysis of four different natural fibre composites used for making car door panel, i.e., flax, jute, sisal, and leather are taken for the material study. This paper helps to find the effectiveness of each of the four natural fibre composites that have already been used in the automotive sector. This paper includes the analysis of four different natural fibres with and without the addition of the aluminium as the reinforcement material. This project revolves around the design of the composite fibre sheet and analysis of the mechanical parameters such as equivalent stress, shear stress, strain, deformation, and so on. The studies and observations of the analysis showed that the natural fibre with the aluminium reinforcement proved to be much stronger than that without the reinforcement. The results of finite element analysis showcased lowest total deformation and equivalent strain in the flax as 1.026 m and 0.017 mm/mm, respectively. However, sisal showed the lowest equivalent stress and shear stress which were 68.09 and 38.178 MPa, respectively. Additionally, leather showed the highest amount of stress, strain, and deformation, and hence leather was deemed to have undesirable properties regarding the usage in car door panels. All the materials except leather were found to be safe under the loading conditions. Hence, the flax fibre is recommended by the project to have superior properties compared to the other materials.
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Schönauer, Moritz. "Optionen des automatischen Fahrens in der Produktion/Options of automatic driving in the productio – Methodology for system engineering processing and display of multidimensional processes." wt Werkstattstechnik online 110, no. 05 (2020): 282–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/1436-4980-2020-05-14.
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Als Voraussetzung zur Bewertung einer systemtechnischen Problemstellung, wie die des automatischen Fahrens in der Produktion, wird im ersten Beitrag des dreiteiligen Forschungsvorhabens zunächst der morphologische Prototypentest entwickelt. Mit dessen Hilfe soll ein morphologisches Merkmalsschema konzipiert werden. Im Fokus steht die Entwicklung eines ganzheitlichen Überblicks zu Konzepten des automatischen Fahrens in der Produktion, der als Ausgangspunkt für die weiteren Untersuchungen dient. The first contribution of the three-part research project develops the morphological prototype test for evaluating a system-technical problem, such as automatic driving in the production. It will be used to design a morphological scheme. The focus is on developing a holistic overview of concepts of automatic driving in the production, serving as a starting point for further investigations.
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Romanowska, Aleksandra, Kazimierz Jamroz, and Piotr Olszewski. "Review of methods for assessing traffic conditions on basic motorway and expressway sections." Archives of Transport 52, no. 4 (December 31, 2019): 7–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.0205.
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Motorways and expressways are the core of each country’s road system. Road planning, design and management requires tools to ensure that roads have the right geometry, traffic layout and equipment. These include methods for capacity estimation and assessing traffic conditions. Because the paper focusses on the basic segments of motorways and expressways (sections located between interchanges and outside of their influence), its objective is to review and compare methods used worldwide and establish whether their assumptions or procedures could be used in Polish conditions. Four methods were selected for analysis: US, German, Swedish and Dutch. Theoretical and empirical comparisons were conducted, with the latter using data from sections of motorways and expressways in Poland collected in the RID-2B project. The results of the analyses showed important differences between the methods in terms of procedures for traffic conditions assessment, assumptions, base capacities, traffic conditions measures, factors or speed-flow models. Significant differences were also found when traffic parameter estimates made with particular methods were compared to real data from Polish roads. The results contributed to the development of Poland’s new method, to be prepared as a result of the RID-2B project. It was concluded that none of the analysed methods can be directly adopted to Polish conditions. An important conclusion is the need to include Poland-specific motorway speed limits and procedure for determining free-flow speed, the basis for further analyses.
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Linz, Sarah, Gabor Vinci, Sebastian Mann, Stefan Lindner, Francesco Barbon, R. Weigel, and Alexander Koelpin. "A Compact, Versatile Six-Port Radar Module for Industrial and Medical Applications." Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering 2013 (2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/382913.
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The Six-port receiver has been intensively investigated in the last decade to be implemented as an alternative radar architecture. Plenty of current scientific publications demonstrate the effectiveness and versatility of the Six-port radar for special industrial, automotive, and medical applications, ranging from accurate contactless vibration analysis, through automotive radar calibration, to remote breath and heartbeat monitoring. Its highlights, such as excellent phase discrimination, trivial signal processing, low circuit complexity, and cost, have lately drawn the attention of companies working with radar technology. A joint project involving the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg and InnoSenT GmbH (Innovative Sensor Technology) led to the development of a highly accurate, compact, and versatile Six-port radar module aiming at a reliable high-integration of all subcomponents such as antenna, Six-port front-end, baseband circuitry, and digital signal processing in one single package. Innovative aspects in the RF front-end design as well as in the integration strategy are hereby presented, together with a system overview and measurement results.
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Braun, A., G. Matthiesen, and G. Hirt. "Entwicklung eines Hochtemperatur-Bulgetests*/Development of a high-temperature bulge test – Enhanced material testing for hot sheet metal forming." wt Werkstattstechnik online 109, no. 01-02 (2019): 100–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/1436-4980-2019-01-02-102.
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Das Presshärten von Stahl ermöglicht der Automobilindustrie die Herstellung von hochfesten Bauteilen mit vergleichsweise komplexen Geometrien. Vor allem crashrelevante Bauteile werden häufig pressgehärtet. Durch Umformsimulationen können Presshärteprozesse schnell und kostengünstig ausgelegt werden, wenn genaue Materialdaten vorliegen. Daher wurde im Rahmen des IGF-Projekts 19229 N ein Bulgetest entwickelt, welcher eine Materialprüfung unter den Bedingungen des Presshärtens ermöglicht. Hot-stamping of steel enables the automotive industry to produce high-strength components featuring complex geometries. Especially crash relevant components are often hot-stamped. While forming simulations enable the exact and cost-efficient design of hot-stamping processes, they require exact material data. Therefore, a bulge test has been developed within the IGF project 19229 N, which enables material testing under hot-stamping conditions.
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Lee, W., M. Yoon, and M. Sunwoo. "A cost- and time-effective hardware-in-the-loop simulation platform for automotive engine control systems." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 217, no. 1 (January 1, 2003): 41–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095440703762702969.
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A new PC-based hardware-in-the-loop simulation (HILS) platform is developed for designing an automotive engine control system. The HILS equipment consists of a widely used PC and commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) I/O boards instead of a powerful computing system and custom-made I/O boards. These features make the HILS equipment more cost effective and flexible. The HILS uses an automatic code generation extension, REAL-TIME WORKSHOP® of the MATLAB® tool-chain, which is one of the standard tools for modelling and off-line simulation in the area of controller design. This helps the control system developers to handle the controlled-object model more easily and to test the control system more comfortably and time effectively. The mean value engine model, which is used in the control design phase, is imported in this HILS. The engine model is supplemented with some I/O subsystems and I/O boards to interface actual input and output signals in real time. The I/O subsystems are designed to synchronize the status of the engine model with the control system as well as to convert the raw data of the I/O boards to the appropriate forms for proper interfaces. To prove the feasibilities of the proposed environment, a pilot project for the development of an air-to-fuel ratio control system is carried out. The HILS environment is proved to be an efficient tool to develop various control functions and to validate the software and hardware of the engine control system.
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Valenti, Michael. "Detroit, We Are Here!" Mechanical Engineering 123, no. 02 (February 1, 2001): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2001-feb-9.
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Automakers are using French-born manufacturing software to improve the machining and assembly of their vehicles. Carmakers use ILOG software to determine the order of building vehicles that will optimize production, maximizing return on investment. A more recent French software entrant in the Detroit area is ILOG, which opened a sales and technical support office in Southfield, Michigan, in May 2000, to serve the US automotive market. Delmia Corp.’s, a French company, labs in Troy, Paris, Montreal, Stuttgart, and Bangalore, India, customize software services to design, simulate, optimize, and control production activities, which account for up to 80 percent of the cost of manufactured goods. Delmia adapted three of its proprietary software tools to form the core software of the V-Comm Project. The Delmia Assembly Module enables users to evaluate alternative sequences of assembly to achieve the optimal lean solution. Toyota engineers working in V-Comm rooms at 20 Toyota locations in Japan, Europe, and North America use the Delmia software to create virtual prototypes that are projected on large screens, and to observe the visual data in three dimensions.
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Тупов, Владимир, Vladimir Tupov, Т. Дудьев, and T. Dud'ev. "Calculation Methodology of Geometrical Dimensions for Noise-Protective Automotive Screens." Safety in Technosphere 7, no. 3 (April 1, 2019): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5c7e31176cbc64.23089493.
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To determine the projected screen’s optimal dimensions has been proposed a calculation method allowing assay an automotive noise entering the area, protected by this screen. In engineering calculations the noise screen is often considered as infinitely extended, so that the sound diffraction on its side edges and the noise from the parts which are not covered by the screen are ignored. The proposed complex approach in the screens design allows assay the levels of noise emanating from the parts of transport stream, covered and uncovered by the screen. Thus, the designer, in case of exceeding the set values by the noise level, can estimate from where the loudest noise comes: from the top of the screen or from its sides, including the noise from the road traffic parts which are not covered by the screen, both from the right and left sides of it. From here is emerged the possibility to rationally vary the screen’s geometric dimensions, increasing its height, or extending it in one or another direction. As a result of such design, the screen’s optimal basic geometrical dimensions are determined in terms of providing the necessary noise level in the protected area. This allows reduce the design time and economic costs for the construction of screens.
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Palomba, Ilaria, Luca Gualtieri, Rafael Rojas, Erwin Rauch, Renato Vidoni, and Andrea Ghedin. "Mechatronic Re-Design of a Manual Assembly Workstation into a Collaborative One for Wire Harness Assemblies." Robotics 10, no. 1 (March 5, 2021): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/robotics10010043.
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Nowadays, the wire harness assembly process is still manually performed due to the process complexity and product variability (e.g., wires of different kind, size and length). The Wire cobots project, in which this work was conceived, aims at improving the current state-of-art assembly process by introducing in it collaborative robotics. A shared workstation exploiting human abilities and machine strengths was developed to assembly automotive wire harness by means of insulated tape for a real industrial case. In the new workstation, the human deals with the complex task of wire handling, while the robot performs the repetitive and strenuous taping operations. Such a task allocation together with the workstation redesign allow for an improvement of the operator’s well-being in terms of postural conditions and for an increase of the production efficiency. In this paper, the mechanical and mechatronic design, as well as the realization and validation of this new collaborative workstation are presented and discussed.